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Research shows that students write better academic essays if the instructor facilitates a process of preparation that allows for purposeful peer discussion. Drawing on screenwriting pedagogy, this article proposes a workshop model that lets students express their essay's structural elements as single sentences, which allows for effective peer and large-group feedback throughout the research, draft, and revision process. Sharing such elements on a digital workspace creates a sense of audience that motivates better work. Students can also apply insights from this model to other writing formats and oral presentations, which widens the utility of undergraduate writing classes. Particularly for inexperienced instructors, such as teaching assistants, this approach can offer useful step-by-step guidance for turning crowded classrooms or online sessions into workshops with small-group dynamics more commonly found in graduate writing seminars.

Aims: To determine the quality of prospectively collected data from the highly specialized Danish Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Program (CPOP), and to establish the validity of a reported cerebral palsy (CP) diagnosis in the Danish National Patient Registry (NPR), regularly used as a proxy for neurodevelopmental disorders in epidemiological research. Methods: We compared data from the two registries on children with registered CP, born in Denmark between 2008 and 2009, with information from medical records verified by two experienced physicians specializing in pediatric neurology. Data accuracy was estimated by completeness, correctness, and reliability. Completeness was calculated as the number of cases with correctly registered CP diagnoses divided by the total number of true CP diagnoses (similar to sensitivity). Correctness was calculated as the number of cases with correct registrations divided by the total number of cases (similar to positive predictive value). Reliability was estimated using kappa statistics. Results: Registered CP diagnoses in the CPOP had high accuracy, with 94% correctness and 91% completeness. Furthermore, most key variables in the CPOP showed excellent reliability, especially variables defining the severity of the condition. In the Danish NPR, only 225 of 348 children with a noted CP diagnosis fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for CP, resulting in 65% correctness. Conclusions: Danish CPOP data are a valid source for epidemiological research. Conversely, a noted CP diagnosis in the Danish NPR was, at best, correct in only two out of three patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To analyse the rising prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) in children born preterm in Denmark. Method: We included all live‐born children born preterm in Denmark from 1997 to 2013. The prevalence of CP in children born preterm was categorized by gestational age and correlated with neonatal mortality and changes in clinical factors. Results: Among 70 876 children, 824 (1.2%) had CP. The overall CP prevalence in children born preterm decreased substantially until 2001, from when it increased annually by 2.8% (95% confidence interval 0.6–5.0). When categorized, the prevalence only increased significantly in children born very preterm (gestational weeks 28–31). Neonatal mortality rates decreased steadily at all gestational ages during the entire study period. Clinical factors that changed during the study period were increasing numbers of high‐risk pregnancies, maternal obesity, emergency caesarean sections, neonatal admissions, and usage of assisted ventilation. Interpretation: The increasing prevalence of CP in children born preterm was driven by the subgroup born very preterm and matched their decrease in neonatal mortality. In similar population studies, decreased mortality was not followed by increased CP prevalence. An increase in clinical risk factors was unlikely to explain our findings, but more active neonatal life support may have played a role. Plain language summary: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dmcn.16141 This original article is commented by Morgan on pages 8–9 of this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protective immunity to malaria depends on acquisition of parasite-specific antibodies, with Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) being one of the most important target antigens. The effector functions of PfEMP1-specific IgG include inhibition of infected erythrocyte (IE) sequestration and opsonization of IEs for cell-mediated destruction. IgG glycosylation modulates antibody functionality, with increased affinity to FcγRIIIa for IgG lacking fucose in the Fc region (Fc-afucosylation). We report here that selective Fc-afucosylation of PfEMP1-specific IgG1 increases with age in P. falciparum-exposed children and is associated with reduced risk of anemia, independent of the IgG levels. A similar association was found for children having PfEMP1-specific IgG1 inducing multiple effector functions against IEs, particularly those associated with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by NK cells. Our findings provide new insights regarding protective immunity to P. falciparum malaria and highlight the importance of cell-mediated destruction of IgG-opsonized IEs. PfEMP1 are targets for protective immunity to malaria. Here, Lopez-Perez et al. report that children with Fc-afucosylation of PfEMP1-specific IgG1 have a reduced risk of anemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anifrolumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the type 1 interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway, holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, its use is associated with an increased risk of infections, particularly viral infections like herpes zoster (HZ). Results from the clinical trials on anifrolumab show yearly rates of upper respiratory tract infections of 34% and HZ of 6.1%. An increased frequency of other specific viral infections, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), was not reported. Case Reports: Here, we present 2 cases of patients with SLE treated with anifrolumab, both experiencing severe adverse reactions in the form of disseminated herpesvirus infections, specifically disseminated HSV-2 and varicella zoster virus (VZV, HZ encephalitis). To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports of severe disseminated HSV-2 or HZ have been published in anifrolumab-treated patients. The patient in case 1 experienced a primary HSV-2 infection following anifrolumab treatment, potentially explaining the severity of the infection. The patient in case 2 had a history of previous HZ skin infections, which may have increased her risk of disseminated infection. Both patients recovered from the infections with minor sequelae, but they still require prophylactic antiviral treatment. These cases highlight the critical role of IFN-I immunity in protecting against herpesvirus infections. Conclusions: Thorough risk assessment before anifrolumab initiation, considering the patient's viral infection history, vaccination status, and potential exposure risks, is essential. Administration of recombinant zoster vaccine before anifrolumab therapy may benefit susceptible individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cinema is particularly suited for illuminating the kinaesthetic aspects of cultural subjugation. In Sameblod (Sami Blood) (2016), writer–director Amanda Kernell portrays the self-assimilatory journey of an indigenous 14-year-old girl as a result of forced and voluntary exposure to novel bodily experiences. Using as its conceptual point of departure the term 'kinaesthesia' – the body's sensations of movement and spatiality – this article analyses the filmic techniques Kernell uses to offer audiences a vicarious experience of assimilation, and later, cultural revitalization. A century after majority-population Swedes subjected Kernell's family and other Sámi to social Darwinian racism, the director's third-eye film turns the camera back at those who portrayed them as inferior. Sami Blood exemplifies how important sensory and affective experiences are for our politics, histories and perception of cultural texts. The film is part of the past decades' Sámi revitalization, an artistic movement in which screen media have played an important role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

* Per Hellgren. Swedish Marxist Noir: The Dark Wave of Crime Writers and the Influence of Raymond Chandler. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2019. Pp. X + 255. How did a genre [...]