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3. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with monkeypox in the GeoSentinel Network: a cross-sectional study

Author

Blumberg, Lucille, Chaussade, Hélène, Desclaux, Arnaud, Florence, Eric, Aysel Florescu, Simin, Glans, Hedvig, Glynn, Marielle, Goorhuis, Abraham, Klein, Marina, Malvy, Denis, McCollum, Andrea, Muñoz, José, Nguyen, Duc, Quilter, Laura, Rothe, Camilla, Soentjens, Patrick, Tumiotto, Camille, Vanhamel, Jef, Angelo, Kristina M, Smith, Teresa, Camprubí-Ferrer, Daniel, Balerdi-Sarasola, Leire, Díaz Menéndez, Marta, Servera-Negre, Guillermo, Barkati, Sapha, Duvignaud, Alexandre, Huber, Kristina L B, Chakravarti, Arpita, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Greenaway, Christina, Grobusch, Martin P, Mendes Pedro, Diogo, Asgeirsson, Hilmir, Popescu, Corneliu Petru, Martin, Charlotte, Licitra, Carmelo, de Frey, Albie, Schwartz, Eli, Beadsworth, Michael, Lloveras, Susana, Larsen, Carsten S, Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J, Whitehill, Florence, Huits, Ralph, Hamer, Davidson H, Kozarsky, Phyllis, and Libman, Michael

Published
2023
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4. Efficacy of the TMPRSS2 inhibitor camostat mesilate in patients hospitalized with Covid-19-a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Author

Gunst, Jesper D., Staerke, Nina B., Pahus, Marie H., Kristensen, Lena H., Bodilsen, Jacob, Lohse, Nicolai, Dalgaard, Lars S., Brønnum, Dorthe, Fröbert, Ole, Hønge, Bo, Johansen, Isik S., Monrad, Ida, Erikstrup, Christian, Rosendal, Regitze, Vilstrup, Emil, Mariager, Theis, Bove, Dorthe G., Offersen, Rasmus, Shakar, Shakil, Cajander, Sara, Jørgensen, Nis P., Sritharan, Sajitha S., Breining, Peter, Jespersen, Søren, Mortensen, Klaus L., Jensen, Mads L., Kolte, Lilian, Frattari, Giacomo S., Larsen, Carsten S., Storgaard, Merete, Nielsen, Lars P., Tolstrup, Martin, Sædder, Eva A., Østergaard, Lars J., Ngo, Hien T.T., Jensen, Morten H., Højen, Jesper F., Kjolby, Mads, and Søgaard, Ole S.

Published
2021
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7. Cancer risk and temporal trends in people with HIV during a quarter of a century – a nationwide population-based matched cohort study.

Author

Omland, Lars H., Gerstoft, Jan, Kronborg, Gitte, Johansen, Isik S., Larsen, Carsten S., Wiese, Lothar, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, Leth, Steffen, and Obel, Niels

Subjects
DISEASE risk factors, HIV-positive persons, COHORT analysis, SMOKING cessation, MEDICAL care
Abstract

It is important to understand current trends in cancer risk among people living with HIV (PLWH) to improve outcomes and to commission and delivery appropriate services. Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study on all adult PLWH treated at Danish HIV health care centres since 1 January 1995 and a comparison cohort, randomly selected from the background population and matched on sex and date of birth. We included 6327 PLWH and 63,270 individuals in the comparison cohort − 74% were men and median age was 37 (interquartile range: 30–46). For both smoking related cancers, virological cancers and other cancers, incidence was substantially higher in the first year of observation for PLWH than for the remaining observation period. The risk of smoking related cancer remained stably increased throughout the observation period, whereas the relative risk of virological cancers decreased, especially in the first year of follow up. Finally, the risk of other cancers for PLWH decreased to a level below that of the background population during the study period. The fact that the risk of other cancers was probably not higher among PLWH than in the comparison cohort is encouraging, as the excess risk of virological and smoking related cancers is potentially preventable by timely treatment of HIV and smoking cessation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Risk of Depression in People With HIV: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study

Author

Vollmond, Cecilie V, primary, Tetens, Malte M, additional, Paulsen, Fie W, additional, Gerstoft, Jan, additional, Kronborg, Gitte, additional, Johansen, Isik S, additional, Larsen, Carsten S, additional, Wiese, Lothar, additional, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, additional, Leth, Steffen, additional, Mortensen, Preben B, additional, Lebech, Anne-Mette, additional, Obel, Niels, additional, and Omland, Lars H, additional

Published
2023
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10. Risk of Depression in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Nationwide Population-based Matched Cohort Study.

Author

Vollmond, Cecilie V, Tetens, Malte M, Paulsen, Fie W, Gerstoft, Jan, Kronborg, Gitte, Johansen, Isik S, Larsen, Carsten S, Wiese, Lothar, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, Leth, Steffen, Mortensen, Preben B, Lebech, Anne-Mette, Obel, Niels, and Omland, Lars H

Subjects
MENTAL depression risk factors, HIV-positive persons, CONFIDENCE intervals, RESEARCH funding, HUMAN beings, LONGITUDINAL method, PROPORTIONAL hazards models
Abstract

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors. Methods Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population. Family-related factors were examined by inclusion of siblings of those in the cohorts. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for depression, receipt of antidepressants, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and suicide, as well as the yearly proportions of study cohorts with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants from 10 years before to 10 years after study inclusion. Results We included 5943 PWH and 59 430 comparison cohort members. Median age was 38 years, and 25% were women. We observed an increased risk of depression, receipt of antidepressants, ECT, and suicide among PWH in the 2 first years of observation (HR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–4.4), HR, 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7–3.4), HR, 2.8 (95% CI:.9–8.6), and HR, 10.7 (95% CI: 5.2–22.2), thereafter the risk subsided but remained increased. The proportions of PWH with psychiatric hospital contact due to depression and receipt of antidepressants were increased prior to and especially after HIV diagnosis. Risk of all outcomes was substantially lower among siblings of PWH than among PWH (HR for receipt of antidepressants, 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0–1.2). Conclusions PWH have an increased risk of depression. Family-related factors are unlikely to explain this risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with monkeypox in the GeoSentinel Network: a cross-sectional study

Author

Angelo, Kristina M, primary, Smith, Teresa, additional, Camprubí-Ferrer, Daniel, additional, Balerdi-Sarasola, Leire, additional, Díaz Menéndez, Marta, additional, Servera-Negre, Guillermo, additional, Barkati, Sapha, additional, Duvignaud, Alexandre, additional, Huber, Kristina L B, additional, Chakravarti, Arpita, additional, Bottieau, Emmanuel, additional, Greenaway, Christina, additional, Grobusch, Martin P, additional, Mendes Pedro, Diogo, additional, Asgeirsson, Hilmir, additional, Popescu, Corneliu Petru, additional, Martin, Charlotte, additional, Licitra, Carmelo, additional, de Frey, Albie, additional, Schwartz, Eli, additional, Beadsworth, Michael, additional, Lloveras, Susana, additional, Larsen, Carsten S, additional, Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J, additional, Whitehill, Florence, additional, Huits, Ralph, additional, Hamer, Davidson H, additional, Kozarsky, Phyllis, additional, Libman, Michael, additional, Blumberg, Lucille, additional, Chaussade, Hélène, additional, Desclaux, Arnaud, additional, Florence, Eric, additional, Aysel Florescu, Simin, additional, Glans, Hedvig, additional, Glynn, Marielle, additional, Goorhuis, Abraham, additional, Klein, Marina, additional, Malvy, Denis, additional, McCollum, Andrea, additional, Muñoz, José, additional, Nguyen, Duc, additional, Quilter, Laura, additional, Rothe, Camilla, additional, Soentjens, Patrick, additional, Tumiotto, Camille, additional, and Vanhamel, Jef, additional

Published
2023
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13. Incidence of Childbirth, Pregnancy, Spontaneous Abortion, and Induced Abortion Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in a Nationwide Matched Cohort Study

Author

Paulsen, Fie W, primary, Tetens, Malte M, additional, Vollmond, Cecilie V, additional, Gerstoft, Jan, additional, Kronborg, Gitte, additional, Johansen, Isik S, additional, Larsen, Carsten S, additional, Wiese, Lothar, additional, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, additional, Lunding, Suzanne, additional, Nielsen, Lars N, additional, Weis, Nina, additional, Obel, Niels, additional, Omland, Lars H, additional, and Lebech, Anne-Mette, additional

Published
2023
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15. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals living with and without HIV; a Danish nationwide cohort study

Author

Rasmussen, Line D, Cowan, Susan, Gerstoft, Jan, Kronborg, Gitte, Johansen, Isik S, Larsen, Carsten S, Weise, Lothar, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, Leth, Steffen, Nielsen, Lars N, Lunding, Suzanne, Omland, Lars H, and Obel, Niels

Subjects
coronavirus disease 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines, HIV, CD4 cell count, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test and COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) with the general population, and estimate the association with vaccination status.DESIGN: A nationwide, population based, matched cohort study.METHODS: We included all Danish PLWH ≥18 years (n = 5,276) and an age-and sex matched general population cohort (n = 42,308).We used Cox regression analyses to calculate (adjusted) incidence rate ratios [(a)IRR] and further stratified and restricted the analyses.RESULTS: We observed no major difference in risk of first positive SARS-CoV-2 test [aIRR: 0.8 (95%CI: 0.8-0.9)], but a higher risk of first hospital contact with COVID-19 and hospitalization with severe COVID-19 for PLWH vs. controls [IRR: 2.0; (1.6-2.5), 1.8 (1.4-2.3)]. Risk of first hospitalization decreased substantially in PLWH with calendar time [First half of year 2022 vs. 2020 IRR: 0.3; (0.2-0.6)], whereas the risk compared to population controls remained almost 2-fold increased. We did not observe increased risk of death after SARS-CoV-2 infection [aIRR: 0.7 (95%CI: 0.3-2.0)]. Compared to PLWH who had received two vaccines PLWH who receiving a third vaccine had reduced risk of first positive SARS-CoV-2 test, death (individuals ≥60years) and hospitalization [aIRR: 0.9 (0.7-1.0); 0.2 (0.1-0.7); 0.6 (0.2-1.2)].CONCLUSION: PLWH have almost the same risk of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test as the general population. Although risk of hospital contacts and severe outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection is increased, the risk of death does not seem to be substantially increased. Importantly, a third vaccine is associated with reduced risk of infection, and death.

Published
2023

20. Outcomes following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among individuals with and without HIV in Denmark

Author

Rasmussen, Line D., primary, Cowan, Susan, additional, Gerstoft, Jan, additional, Kronborg, Gitte, additional, Johansen, Isik S., additional, Larsen, Carsten S., additional, Weise, Lothar, additional, Dalager-Pedersen, Michael, additional, Leth, Steffen, additional, Nielsen, Lars N., additional, Lunding, Suzanne, additional, Omland, Lars H., additional, and Obel, Niels, additional

Published
2022
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25. Travel-related infections presenting in Europe: A 20-year analysis of EuroTravNet surveillance data

Author

Grobusch, Martin P, Weld, Leisa, Goorhuis, Abraham, Hamer, Davidson H, Schunk, Mirjam, Jordan, Sabine, Mockenhaupt, Frank P, Chappuis, François, Asgeirsson, Hilmir, Caumes, Eric, Jensenius, Mogens, Van Genderen, Perry JJ, Castelli, Francesco, López-Velez, Rogelio, Field, Vanessa, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Molina, Israel, Rapp, Christophe, Ménendez, Marta Díaz, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Larsen, Carsten S, Malvy, Denis, Lalloo, David, Gobbi, Federico, Florescu, Simin A, Gautret, Philippe, Schlagenhauf, Patricia, For EuroTravNet, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni [0000-0002-0930-8330], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Geosentinel, Eurotravnet, Infectious diseases, Sentinel surveillance, travel
Abstract

Funder: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, BACKGROUND: Disease epidemiology of (re-)emerging infectious diseases is changing rapidly, rendering surveillance of travel-associated illness important. METHODS: We evaluated travel-related illness encountered at EuroTravNet clinics, the European surveillance sub-network of GeoSentinel, between March 1, 1998 and March 31, 2018. FINDINGS: 103,739 ill travellers were evaluated, including 11,239 (10.8%) migrants, 89,620 (86.4%) patients seen post-travel, and 2,880 (2.8%) during and after travel. Despite increasing numbers of patient encounters over 20 years, the regions of exposure by year of clinic visits have remained stable. In 5-year increments, greater proportions of patients were migrants or visiting friends and relatives (VFR); business travel-associated illness remained stable; tourism-related illness decreased. Falciparum malaria was amongst the most-frequently diagnosed illnesses with 5,254 cases (5.1% of all patients) and the most-frequent cause of death (risk ratio versus all other illnesses 2.5:1). Animal exposures requiring rabies post-exposure prophylaxis increased from 0.7% (1998-2002) to 3.6% (2013-2018). The proportion of patients with seasonal influenza increased from zero in 1998-2002 to 0.9% in 2013-2018. There were 44 cases of viral haemorrhagic fever, most during the past five years. Arboviral infection numbers increased significantly as did the range of presenting arboviral diseases, dengue and chikungunya diagnoses increased by 2.6% and 1%, respectively. INTERPRETATION: Travel medicine must adapt to serve the changing profile of travellers, with an increase in migrants and persons visiting relatives and friends and the strong emergence of vector-borne diseases, with potential for further local transmission in Europe. FUNDING: This project was supported by a cooperative agreement (U50CK00189) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM) and funding from the ISTM and the Public Health Agency of Canada.

Published
2022
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35. Travel-related infections presenting in Europe: A 20-year analysis of EuroTravNet surveillance data

Author

Grobusch, Martin P., primary, Weld, Leisa, additional, Goorhuis, Abraham, additional, Hamer, Davidson H., additional, Schunk, Mirjam, additional, Jordan, Sabine, additional, Mockenhaupt, Frank P., additional, Chappuis, François, additional, Asgeirsson, Hilmir, additional, Caumes, Eric, additional, Jensenius, Mogens, additional, van Genderen, Perry J.J., additional, Castelli, Francesco, additional, López-Velez, Rogelio, additional, Field, Vanessa, additional, Bottieau, Emmanuel, additional, Molina, Israel, additional, Rapp, Christophe, additional, Ménendez, Marta Díaz, additional, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, additional, Larsen, Carsten S., additional, Malvy, Denis, additional, Lalloo, David, additional, Gobbi, Federico, additional, Florescu, Simin A., additional, Gautret, Philippe, additional, and Schlagenhauf, Patricia, additional

Published
2021
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36. Travel-related infections presenting in Europe: a 20-year analysis of EuroTravNet surveillance data

Author

Grobusch, Martin P., Weld, Leisa, Goorhuis, Abraham, Hamer, Davidson H., Schunk, Mirjam, Jordan, Sabine, Mockenhaupt, Frank P., Chappuis, François, Asgeirsson, Hilmir, Caumes, Eric, Jensenius, Mogens, van Genderen, Perry J.J., Castelli, Francesco, López-Velez, Rogelio, Field, Vanessa, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Molina, Israel, Rapp, Christophe, Ménendez, Marta Díaz, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Larsen, Carsten S., Malvy, Denis, Lalloo, David, Gobbi, Federico, Florescu, Simin A., Gautret, Philippe, Schlagenhauf, Patricia, Stijnis, Kees, van Vugt, Michèle, Rothe, Camilla, von Sonnenburg, Frank, Vinnemeier, Christof, Ramharter, Michael, Equihua Martinez, Gabriela, Gertler, Maximilian, Eperon, Gilles, Ursing, Johan, Glans, Hedvig, Hægeland, Arnhild, Joof, Mona, Stuij, Corine, Odolini, Silvia, Tomasoni, Lina, Chamorro, Sandra, Lankester, Ted, Salvador, Fernando, Serre-Delcor, Nuria, Ficko, Cécile, Trigo, Elena, Warne, Benjamin, Jespersen, Sanne, Weijse, Christian, Duvignaud, Alexandre, Pistone, Thierry, Beeching, Nicholas, Beadsworth, Mike, Rodari, Paola, Moro, Lucia, Popescu, Corneliu P., Zaharia, Mihaela F., Javelle, Emilie, Parola, Philippe, Weber, Rainer, and Schmid-Stoll, Sabine

Subjects
wa_108
Abstract

Background\ud Disease epidemiology of (re-)emerging infectious diseases is changing rapidly, rendering surveillance of travel-associated illness important.\ud \ud Methods\ud We evaluated travel-related illness encountered at EuroTravNet clinics, the European surveillance sub-network of GeoSentinel, between March 1, 1998 and March 31, 2018.\ud \ud Findings\ud 103,739 ill travellers were evaluated, including 11,239 (10.8%) migrants, 89,620 (86.4%) patients seen post-travel, and 2,880 (2.8%) during and after travel. Despite increasing numbers of patient encounters over 20 years, the regions of exposure by year of clinic visits have remained stable. In 5-year increments, greater proportions of patients were migrants or visiting friends and relatives (VFR); business travel-associated illness remained stable; tourism-related illness decreased. Falciparum malaria was amongst the most-frequently diagnosed illnesses with 5,254 cases (5.1% of all patients) and the most-frequent cause of death (risk ratio versus all other illnesses 2.5:1). Animal exposures requiring rabies post-exposure prophylaxis increased from 0.7% (1998-2002) to 3.6% (2013-2018). The proportion of patients with seasonal influenza increased from zero in 1998-2002 to 0.9% in 2013-2018. There were 44 cases of viral haemorrhagic fever, most during the past five years. Arboviral infection numbers increased significantly as did the range of presenting arboviral diseases, Dengue and chikungunya diagnoses increased by 2.6% and 1%, respectively.\ud \ud Interpretation\ud Travel medicine must adapt to serve the changing profile of travellers, with an increase in migrants and persons visiting relatives and friends and the strong emergence of vector-borne diseases, with potential for further local transmission in Europe.\ud \ud Funding\ud This project was supported by a cooperative agreement (U50CK00189) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM) and funding from the ISTM and the Public Health Agency of Canada.

Published
2020

49. Lung cancer in HIV patients and their parents: A Danish cohort study

Author

Gerstoft Jan, Pedersen Court, Pedersen Gitte, Larsen Carsten S, Kronborg Gitte, Engsig Frederik N, and Obel Niels

Subjects
HIV, lung cancer incidence, matched cohort, population controls, parents, immunosuppression, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background HIV patients are known to be at increased risk of lung cancer but the risk factors behind this are unclear. Methods We estimated the cumulative incidence and relative risk of lung cancer in 1) a population of all Danish HIV patients identified from the Danish HIV Cohort Study (n = 5,053) and a cohort of population controls matched on age and gender (n = 50,530) (study period; 1995 - 2009) and 2) their parents (study period; 1969 - 2009). Mortality and relative risk of death after a diagnosis of lung cancer was estimated in both populations. Results 29 (0.6%) HIV patients vs. 183 (0.4%) population controls were diagnosed with lung cancer in the observation period. HIV patients had an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR); 2.38 (95% CI; 1.61 - 3.53)). The IRR was considerably increased in HIV patients who were smokers or former smokers (adjusted IRR; 4.06 (95% CI; 2.66 - 6.21)), male HIV patients with heterosexual route of infection (adjusted IRR; 4.19 (2.20 - 7.96)) and HIV patients with immunosuppression (adjusted IRR; 3.25 (2.01 - 5.24)). Both fathers and mothers of HIV patients had an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted IRR for fathers; 1.31 (95% CI: 1.09 - 1.58), adjusted IRR for mothers 1.35 (95% CI: 1.07 - 1.70)). Mortality after lung cancer diagnose was increased in HIV patients (adjusted mortality rate ratio 2.33 (95%CI; 1.51 - 3.61), but not in the parents. All HIV patients diagnosed with lung cancer were smokers or former smokers. Conclusion The risk was especially increased in HIV patients who were smokers or former smokers, heterosexually infected men or immunosuppressed. HIV appears to be a marker of behavioural or family related risk factors that affect the incidence of lung cancer in HIV patients.

Published
2011
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50. Incidence, risk factors and mortality of tuberculosis in Danish HIV patients 1995-2007

Author

Andersen Aase B, Røge Birgit, Larsen Carsten S, Johansen Isik S, Ravn Pernille, Engsig Frederik N, Taarnhøj Gry A, and Obel Niels

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection predisposes to tuberculosis (TB). We described incidence, risk factors and prognosis of TB in HIV-1 infected patients during pre (1995-1996), early (1997-1999), and late Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) (2000-2007) periods. Methods We included patients from a population-based, multicenter, nationwide cohort. We calculated incidence rates (IRs) and mortality rates (MRs). Cox's regression analysis was used to estimate risk factors for TB infection with HAART initiation included as time updated variable. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate mortality after TB. Results Among 2,668 patients identified, 120 patients developed TB during the follow-up period. The overall IR was 8.2 cases of TB/1,000 person-years of follow-up (PYR). IRs decreased during the pre-, early and late-HAART periods (37.1/1000 PYR, 12.9/1000 PYR and 6.5/1000 PYR respectively). African and Asian origin, low CD4 cell count and heterosexual and injection drug user route of HIV transmission were risk factors for TB and start of HAART reduced the risk substantially. The overall MR in TB patients was 34.4 deaths per 1,000 PYR (95% Confidence Interval: 22.0-54.0) and was highest in the first two years after the diagnosis of TB. Conclusions Incidence of TB still associated with conventional risk factors as country of birth, low CD4 count and route of HIV infection while HAART reduces the risk substantially. The mortality in this patient population is high in the first two years after TB diagnosis.

Published
2011
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