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International audience; The poloidal asymmetries of parallel flows in edge plasmas are investigated by the 3D fluid turbulence code TOKAM3X. A diverted COMPASS-like magnetic equilibrium is used for the simulations. The measurements and simulations of parallel Mach numbers are compared, and exhibit good qualitative agreement. Small-scale turbulent transport is observed to dominate near the low field side midplane, even though it co-exists with significant large-scale cross-field fluxes. Despite the turbulent nature of the plasma in the divertor region, simulations show the low effectiveness of turbulence for the cross-field transport towards the private flux region. Nevertheless, a complex pattern of fluxes associated with the average field components are found to cross the separatrix in the divertor region. Large-scale and small-scale turbulent E x B transport, along with the del B drift, drive the asymmetries in parallel flows. A semian-alytical model based on mass and parallel momentum balances allows the poloidal drift effects on the asymmetry pattern to be evaluated. As in the experiments, a reversed B-T simulation provides a way of self-consistently separating the effects of turbulent transport and large-scale flows, which must be reversed for a reversed field. The large-scale contribution is found to be responsible for typically 50% of the effect on the Mach number, evaluated at the top of the machine. The presented picture shows the complex interplay between drifts and turbulence, underlining the necessity of a global approach to edge plasma modelling, including a self-consistent description of the turbulence.

We study the dynamics of line plumes on the bottom plate in turbulent convection over six decades of Rayleigh number $(10^5, Comment: 36 pages, submitted to Journal of Fluid Mechanics

In natural convection, driven by an unstable density difference due to a heavier fluid (brine) above a lighter fluid (water) across a horizontal permeable membrane, we discover a new regime of convection, where the Sherwood number (Sh) scales approximately as the Rayleigh number (Ra). Inferring from the planforms of plume structure on the membrane and the estimates of velocity through the membrane, we show that such a regime occurs when advection balances diffusion in the membrane, i.e. the Péclet number based on the membrane thickness (Pe) is of order one. The advection is inferred to be caused by the impingement of the large-scale flow on the membrane. Utilizing mass balance and symmetry assumptions in the top and the bottom fluids, we derive an expression for the concentration profile in the membrane pore in the new regime by solving the convection–diffusion equation in the membrane pore; this helps us to obtain the concentration drops above and below the membrane that drive the convection. We find that the net flux, normalised by the diffusive flux corresponding to the concentration drop on the side opposite to the impingement of the large-scale flow remains constant throughout the new regime. On the basis of this finding, we then obtain an expression for the flux scaling in the new regime which matches with the experiments; the expression has the correct asymptotes of flux scaling in the advection and the diffusion regimes. The plume spacings in the new regime are distributed lognormally, and their mean follows the trend in the advection regime.

Recent combined analyses of the CMB and galaxy cluster data reveal unexpectedly large and anisotropic peculiar velocity fields at large scales. We study cosmic models with included vorticity, acceleration and total angular momentum of the Universe in order to understand the phenomenon. The Zeldovich model is used to mimic the low redshift evolution of the angular momentum. Solving coupled evolution equations of the second kind for density-contrast in corrected Ellis-Bruni covariant and gauge-invariant formalism one can properly normalize and evaluate integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and peculiar velocity field. The theoretical results compared to the observations favor a much larger matter content of the Universe than that of the concordance model. Large-scale flows appear anisotropic with dominant components placed in the plane perpendicular to the axis of vorticity(rotation). The integrated Sachs-Wolfe term has negative contribution to the CMB fluctuations for the negative cosmological constant and it can explain the observed small power of the CMB TT spectrum at large scales. The rate of the expansion of the Universe can be substantially affected by the angular momentum if its magnitude is large enough., Comment: 13 pages, 6 tables, 4 figures, 36 references; version to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C