Search

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os avanços nas técnicas da cirurgia bariátrica, buscando avaliar a relação da evolução dos métodos cirúrgicos com a redução do peso corporal e a remissão das comorbidades relacionadas à obesidade grave. As técnicas cirúrgicas mais realizadas no mundo atualmente são a Gastrectomia Vertical (GV), Bypass Gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR), sendo este considerado o método padrão ouro. Em relação a GV, foi constatado que ela possui benefícios em relação a produção de insulina, sendo indicada para pacientes obesos e com DM2 em especial. Alguns estudos constataram que o uso da cirurgia robótica, devido a sua maior flexibilidade e imagens com maior qualidade, reduz as dificuldades encontradas nas formas convencionais e contribuem para redução do nível de invasão operatória e um melhor resultado pós-operatórios. Apesar das técnicas atuais serem mais invasivas, e devido ao maior volume corporal dos pacientes, a equipe cirúrgica ser submetida a maiores esforços, os dados obtidos atualmente não mostram superioridade da cirurgia bariátrica robótica se comparada com as técnicas atuais, sendo necessário mais estudos acerca deste tema.

Descrita como um erro metabólico hereditário autossômico recessivo, a Glicogenólise Tipo I ou Doença de Von Gierke, compreende uma deficiência da enzima glicose 6-fosfatase, responsável pela reação final da glicogenólise e gliconeogênese. Esta revisão bibliográfica trata da temática atual da doença de Von Gierke, tendo como objetivo a breve descrição e resumo do que foi achado nos últimos anos relacionando a fisiopatologia, diagnóstico, prognóstico e tratamento. A busca sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados e não randomizados foi realizada por meio das bases eletrônicas de dados utilizando-se o descritor Glicogenose do Tipo Ia em inglês, sendo os resultados tratados como objeto de análise. Nota-se que os pacientes com essa patologia não convertem a glicose 6-fosfato em glicose livre para a corrente sanguínea, resultando em um acúmulo excessivo de glicogênio e gordura no fígado, rins e intestinos. Dentre os 13 tipos de glicogenoses, a tipo Ia é a mais comum e uma das mais graves. Indivíduos com GSD Tipo Ia apresentam hipoglicemia, hipertrigliceridemia, hiperuricemia, hepatomegalia e em alguns casos nefromegalia. Conhecer os aspectos bioquímicos da doença é de fundamental importância para que se desenvolva um manejo adequado no tratamento e assim, minimizar os seus efeitos deletérios.&nbsp

Este artigo buscou analisar a produção científica sobre as diferentes formas de violência obstétrica (VO) que ocorrem cotidianamente nos serviços de saúde, bem como compreender as condutas necessárias para promoção do parto humanizado. Ressalta-se que a VO não se restringe apenas ao momento do parto, mas a qualquer prática agressiva à mulher – sendo ela gestante, parturiente ou puérpera – ou ao seu bebê, ocorrida no decorrer da assistência profissional. Nesse contexto, observa-se a perda de autonomia dessas mulheres sobre seu processo reprodutivo, além do fato de que muitas não identificam a VO sofrida, visto que depositam total confiança na responsável pelo seu cuidado. As principais formas de VO descritas na literatura compreendem maus tratos físicos, psicológicos e verbais, além de procedimentos impróprios ou desnecessários como a episiotomia, a manobra de Kristeller, a imposição da cesárea e a ausência de acompanhante. Uma vez que a humanização do parto se baseia no atendimento focado na mulher, individualizado e respeitando sempre o progresso fisiológico do parto, ações como a criação de políticas públicas que estimulem a educação, informação e a melhoria da infraestrutura em saúde devem ser estimuladas de forma a diminuir a alta incidência da violência obstétrica.

A iluminação artificial aplicada na agricultura é uma tecnologia que já vem sendo utilizada no cultivo de plantas, podendo ser utilizadas de maneiras diferentes, tais como o cultivo indoor e a suplementação luminosa, que incrementa as horas de luz que determinada planta recebe diariamente. Devido à importância que este tema aborda, e com a carência de estudos que demonstrem a viabilidade da utilização da iluminação artificial na agricultura, o presente trabalho apresenta um estudo de forma prática no âmbito da suplementação luminosa, verificando o impacto e a viabilidade econômica da aplicação de um sistema no cultivo de alface (Lactuca sativa). Para aplicar este estudo, foram implementados 10 canteiros para cultivo de alface, contendo iluminação artificial com lâmpadas LED. Os resultados de um ciclo de cultivo e colheita indicam o tempo ótimo de suplementação luminosa em 6 horas diárias, impactando em crescimento de aproximadamente 47% maior nas hortaliças com suplementação, em comparação aos pés sem a técnica.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder with a huge prevalence increasing every year (1/44 children). Still diagnosed as a mental disorder, the last 10 years of research found possible causes, risks, genetics, environmental triggers, epigenetics, metabolic, immunological, and neurophysiological unbalances as relevant aetiology. Umbrella methodology is the highest level of scientific evidence, designed to support clinical and political decisions. A literature search for autism aetiology, pathophysiology, or causes, conducted in the last 10 years, at PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and the Web of Science, resulted in six umbrella reviews. Nevertheless, only one quantitative analysis reported risk factors and biomarkers but excluded genetics, experiments on animal models, and post-mortem studies. We grouped ASD’s multi-factorial causes and risks into five etiological categories: genetic, epigenetic, organic, psychogenic, and environmental. Findings suggest that autism might be evaluated as a systemic disorder instead of only through the lens of mental and behavioural. The overview implications of included studies will be qualitatively analysed under ROBIS and GRADE tools. This umbrella review can provide a rational basis for a new urgent health policy to develop better and adequate integrated care services for ASD. The methodological protocol has the register CRD42022348586 at PROSPERO., Zélia Anastácio acknowledges the support by Portuguese national funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) within the framework of the CIEC (Research Center on Child Studies of the University of Minho) project under the reference UIDB/00317/2020

Qigong, a mind-body practice in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can improve cognitive functions, emotional balance, attention, multitask management, stress-coping, and well-being. One limitation of Qigong research is a lack of adequate controls.The current study intended to evaluate whether a single 5-min practice of a White Ball (WB) Qigong exercise could improve the perceptual auditory attention, divided and focused, in adults and whether obtaining potential effects would require a minimum level of training.The research team designed a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, and single-blinded study.The study took place at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS) at the University of Porto in Porto, Portugal.Participants were 55 students at the University of Porto, 30 of whom were students attending the second year of medical school at ICBAS with no experience in Qigong and 25 of whom were students in the specialization and Master's programs in TCM with experience in Qigong.The research team randomly distributed the 30 participants without experience into two groups, a negative control group (n = 15), who watched a wildlife video for 5 min in an orthostatic position, and a positive control group , the verum Qigong group (n = 15), who participated in 5 min of Qigong practice. The Qigong-practitioner group (n = 25), the intervention group, participated in the same 5-min Qigong, doing it with expertise.The study measured reaction time (RT) under two experimental conditions, one an auditory RT task and the second an auditory RT task with visual distraction. The procedure was constant for all the studied groups.Postintervention, the reaction time (RT) in the negative control and the verum Qigong groups hadn't changed significantly (P.05), while that of the Qigong-practitioner group had decreased significantly, with shorter RTs under the two experimental conditions, with P = .006 for the auditory RT and P = .003 for the auditory + visual distraction. Qigong may induce a conditioning effect that comes with regular practice.The WB Qigong had a positive effect on the AA mechanism, with a significant reduction in RT. The results support the importance of practice to achieve positive effects. People with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and ADHD, struggle every day for sensory integration of AA mechanisms. Qigong can be taught and easily learned from the age of 2 years until senior ages, and it's a safe and very low-cost intervention that deserves to be researched further in clinical trials. These potential benefits of Qigong should be confirmed by future studies.

Root-knot disease is among the main diseases affecting coffee crop. The plant selection to the development new resistant cultivars is among one the most efficient methods of control. The present work aimed to quantify the resistance responses of Coffea canephora clones to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in the Western Amazon. For this, 17 previously selected clones were evaluated in three experimental trials, carried out in the municipalities of Ji-Paraná and Porto Velho, Rondônia. The resistance to root-knot nematodes M. incognita were evaluated by the numbers of gall in the roots (NG) and by the reproductive factor (RF). The resistance response was also interpreted according the genetic diversity of the clones based in their morphological traits. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 are resistant to M. incognita with RF of 0.34, 0.62, 0.79, 0.86 and 0.98, respectively. BRS3213, C125, C15, BRS2336, BRS3220 and C09 clones were classified as susceptible, with RF of 1.93, 1.95, 2.00, 2.31, 2.32 and 2.35. The BRS3193, C160 and BRS2357 clones were classified as very susceptible, with RF values of 3.03, 4.41 and 5.82, respectively. The clustering based on the genetic diversity of morphological traits indicated that genotypes more similar to the Robusta botanic variety had lower RF. The hybrid plants showed intermediate degrees of resistance indicating the segregation for the character of the M. incognita resistance. The clones BRS3210, C12, BRS2299, BRS2314, BRS3137 and BRS1216 expressed resistance responses to M. incognita with potential for growing resistant genotypes in the Western Amazon. Made available in DSpace on 2020-09-10T04:39:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ART20076.pdf: 627359 bytes, checksum: 575abca4a6b9678f2ba13c0f95bdfd84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Taijiquan and qigong are traditional Chinese therapeutic disciplines with several health benefits and the ability to improve the quality of life of their practitioners. As traditional vegetative biofeedback therapies, they can activate functional vegetative changes in the body. These neurovegetative actions have been studied in the last few years to better explain the mechanisms through which these techniques of traditional Chinese medicine work.To support current research, it is important to further explore these neurovegetative actions according to contemporary Chinese medicine models to clarify the mechanisms of their working in light of conventional medical terms. This study aims to explore the health benefits that these practices may produce for practitioners.345 taijiquan and qigong practitioners were recruited for this study to assess the perceived health benefits of taijiquan and qigong. We conducted a survey to assist in this purpose.Taijiquan combined with qigong may be more beneficial than taijiquan alone. Additionally, these practices seem to produce notable benefits for anxiety, depression, and other emotional disturbances. They also seem to have positive results in addressing arthritis and pain in the back, shoulder, neck, and knees. In addition, taijiquan and qigong may have benefits in managing several digestive, neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases, and provide some assistance in the management of some oncologic conditions.Breathing exercises, slow and controlled movement, self-massage, and directed thought are the therapeutic characteristics that allow this wide range of potential, perceived health benefits. More scientific studies are needed to confirm the mechanisms through which taijiquan and qigong may benefit health. However, it is suggested that these techniques may have an impact on health mainly via the modulation of the autonomic nervous system.

In termites, the maturation of the female reproductive system is progressive following post-embryonic development. In Silvestritermes euamignathus, the imaginal line is characterized by five nymphal instars that develop into the imago, but it can deviate in some instars to neotenic reproductives. In order to understand the rate of development of the female reproductive system throughout post-embryonic development, we analyzed the morphology of the reproductive system of nymphs, characterizing the stage of development and comparing it with neotenics and primary queens. We also followed embryonic development and compared eggs from neotenics and primary queens from incipient and mature colonies. Our results showed that gonadal development follows the post-embryonic instars, and previtellogenic oocytes are present in third-instar nymphs and are retained for the next two successive nymphal instars. The full maturation of the ovaries with vitellogenic oocytes requires molting to either imagos or neotenics. Eggs from neotenics follow the same embryonic development and each stage presents similar volume when compared to those of mature primary queens. Eggs of primary queens from incipient colonies are greater in volume than those of mature primary queens and of neotenics, suggesting an investment in egg quality rather than quantity during colony foundation.

Pentachloropseudilin (PClP) is a reversible and allosteric inhibitor of type 1 myosin. Here, we addressed the impact of PClP treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi and mammalian host cell on the parasite migration, cell adhesion and invasion. We observed that PClP was not toxic to either T. cruzi or host cell. Moreover, treatment of T. cruzi with PClP inhabited parasite motility, host cell adhesion and invasion. Treatment of host cell with PClP also impaired parasite invasion probably by decreasing lysosome migration to the entry site of the parasite. Therefore, PClP treatment impaired fundamental processes necessary for a successful T. cruzi infection.

Introduction Acupoints have bioelectrical properties distinct from common skin. Besides the higher electrical conductivity and lower resistance, acupoints show capacitor-like properties, which can be related to their endogenous electrical potential. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) postulates that meridians are physiological structures connecting acupoints and working as a conduit for the flow of two essential substances known as qi and xue. Objectives: This pilot study was focused in evaluating whether the electrical potential of acupoints can be correlated objectively to the functional properties as described by ancient Chinese medical theories, such as the theories of coupled meridians of the same phase ('elements'), and the principle of coupled points. Methods: Direct needle moxibustion on LU5 and needle dispulsion of LI4 were performed in 21 subjects. The electrical potential of each acupoint was measured with a high-resolution data acquisition system taking to reference the acupoint SP6 of the Spleen conduit. Results: The results may indicate a functional relationship between the therapeutics and the electrical potential response on the selected acupoints. These effects seem to be explainable considering the specific properties of each acupoint, the relationship between TCM phases, and the dynamics between coupled conduits. Conclusion: The evaluation of the endogenous electrical potential of acupoints and the changes caused by an external stimulus might contribute to the understanding of TCM concepts, mechanisms, and the effects of associated therapeutics. The observed phenomena encourage the systematic assessment of the functional vegetative status via skin electrophysiology and using objective measurements.

Introduction The development and well-being of children are directly linked to several aspects. Among those aspects, physical activity, an adequate nutrition, and a healthy mind, seem to be of crucial importance. Psychopathologies, such as anxiety and depression, have a negative impact on life, especially when co-occurring (mixed-anxiety depression disorder/cothymia), and the clinical implications include a higher risk of suicide and psychiatric hospitalization, elevated disability, decreased compliance with medical treatment, and considerably increased usage of medical services. Thus, research in conventional and nonconventional modalities is necessary to address this issue. The main objective of this study was to understand if TJQ and QG could be effective as a mindfulness cognitive-behavioural based therapeutic tool with body movement, for the treatment of children suffering from cothymia. Methods In this small study, six selected children, four males and two females aged between 7 and 11 years old, were taught a set of exercises of TaijiQuan (TJQ) and Qi Gong (QG). To obtain the results, the Achenbach Teacher's Report Form (TRF) was applied at the beginning of the experimental period, as well as at the ending of the experimental period. The resulting scores were analysed to observe the difference between both moments of evaluation. Results Results showed some improvements in symptoms, with an average improvement of 46%. Conclusion TJQ and QG seem to be a promising complementary therapeutic tool in cognitive-behavioural approaches for children who suffer from cothymia, as well as prevention and control for children who may not display symptoms at a clinical level. However, further research is needed in order to understand the full potential of these therapeutic exercises.

Atualmente diversas são as opções de reabilitação oral em pacientes edêntulos. Uma opção já validada na literatura por diversos estudos e que vem sendo uma alternativa ao uso desses enxertos para reabilitação oral, é o protocolo de reabilitação total implantossuportada denominado All-on-four. Essa técnica, inicialmente divulgada em 2003, vem se mostrando nas duas últimas décadas, uma opção favorável, por ser uma técnica rápida e segura para os pacientes dendentados totais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão de literatura e um relato de caso clínico, de um paciente com maxila atrófica, utilizando o protocolo All-on-four e reabilitando com prótese implantossuportada. Para esse estudo buscou-se artigos nos bancos de dados PUBMED, Lilacs e Scielo. Foram buscados artigos com os termos implantes dentários, reabilitação oral, planejamento de prótese dentária e protocolo All-on-four, nos idiomas portugues e/ou inglês. Selecionou-se 34 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2003 e 2021. Além disso, relatou-se um caso clínico onde elegeu-se esse tipo de técnica para a reabilitação. O protocolo All-on-four vem avançando na área clínica e de pesquisa, apontando excelentes taxas de sucesso, inúmeras vantagens e alta taxa de aceitação pelos pacientes. O presente caso clínico apontou um protocolo de rápida execução, e com sucesso quanto à estética e função. Conclui-se que essa técnica é um método viável especialmente para mandíbulas edêntulas. Dentro dos limites do presente relato de caso, pode-se concluir que a técnica All-on-four pode ser considerada uma alternativa para reabilitação com implantes.