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10. Thioacidolysis

Author

Rolando, C., Monties, B., Lapierre, C., Timell, T. E., editor, Lin, Stephen Y., editor, and Dence, Carlton W., editor

Published
1992
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14. Kinetics of phenylpropanoid gene expression in maize growing internodes: relationships with cell wall deposition

Author

Riboulet, C., Guillaumie, S., Mechin, V., Bosio, M., Pichon, M., Goffner, D., Lapierre, C., Pollet, B., Lefevre, B., Martinant, J.P., and Barriere, Y.

Subjects
Corn -- Physiological aspects, Corn -- Genetic aspects, Gene expression -- Research, Plant cell walls -- Properties, Plant cell walls -- Genetic aspects, Biosynthesis -- Genetic aspects, Phenylalanine -- Properties, Phenylalanine -- Genetic aspects, Biochemistry -- Research, Corn -- Breeding, Corn -- Research, Agricultural industry, Business
Abstract

Both for cattle nutrition and biofuel production, the improvement in maize (Zea mays L.) cell wall degradability depends on understanding the genetic mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. Most of the genes involved in monolignol and p-hydroxycinnamate biosynthesis are known, but many belong to multigene families. A macro-array with cell wall gene specific tags was used to characterize the different gene expression profiles in maize ear internode at four stages from 7 d before silking to 15 d after silking. Gene expression profiles were related to biochemical variation observed for lignin content, lignin structure, and esterified and etherified ferulic acid content. Most of the significantly expressed genes had a maximum at the first stages of sampling with their expression decreasing rapidly thereafter. A few genes had a second later expression peak. In each multigene family, only a restricted number of genes were expressed during maize cell wall formation in the below-ear intemode. Genes for three phenylalanine ammonia-lyases, two cinnamate 4-hydroxylases, two 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligases, three caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferases, but only one cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, two cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases, one ferulate 5-hydroxylase, the only caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, and a ZRP4-like O-methyltransferase were significantly expressed. These genes are likely the most important ones in maize stem lignification, and hence are priority targets in maize breeding.

Published
2009

17. A Comparative Study of Maize and Miscanthus Regarding Cell-Wall Composition and Stem Anatomy for Conversion into Bioethanol and Polymer Composites

Author

Brancourt-Hulmel, M., primary, Arnoult, S., additional, Cézard, L., additional, El Hage, F., additional, Gineau, E., additional, Girones, J., additional, Griveau, Y., additional, Jacquemont, M.-P., additional, Jaffuel, S., additional, Mignot, E., additional, Mouille, G., additional, Lapierre, C., additional, Legée, F., additional, Méchin, V., additional, Navard, P., additional, Vo, L.T.T., additional, and Reymond, M., additional

Published
2021
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29. Coarctation of the aorta: pre and postoperative evaluation with MRI and MR angiography; correlation with echocardiography and surgery

Author

Didier, D., Saint-Martin, C., Lapierre, C., Trindade, P., Lahlaidi, N., Vallee, J., Kalangos, A., Friedli, B., Beghetti, M., Didier, D., Saint-Martin, C., Lapierre, C., Trindade, P., Lahlaidi, N., Vallee, J., Kalangos, A., Friedli, B., and Beghetti, M.

Abstract

Aims: To compare MRI and MRA with Doppler-echocardiography (DE) in native and postoperative aortic coarctation, define the best MR protocol for its evaluation, compare MR with surgical findings in native coarctation. Materials and methods: 136 MR studies were performed in 121 patients divided in two groups: Group I, 55 preoperative; group II, 81 postoperative. In group I, all had DE and surgery was performed in 35 cases. In group II, DE was available for comparison in 71 cases. MR study comprised: spin-echo, cine, velocity-encoded cine (VEC) sequences and 3D contrast-enhanced MRA. Results: In group I, diagnosis of coarctation was made by DE in 33 cases and suspicion of coarctation and/or aortic arch hypoplasia in 18 cases. Aortic arch was not well demonstrated in 3 cases and DE missed one case. There was a close correlation between VEC MRI and Doppler gradient estimates across the coarctation, between MRI aortic arch diameters and surgery but a poor correlation in isthmic measurements. In group II, DE detected a normal isthmic region in 31 out of 35 cases. Postoperative anomalies (recoarctation, aortic arch hypoplasia, kinking, pseudoaneurysm) were not demonstrated with DE in 50% of cases. Conclusions: MRI is superior to DE for pre and post-treatment evaluation of aortic coarctation. An optimal MR protocol is proposed. Internal measurement of the narrowing does not correspond to the external aspect of the surgical narrowing

Published
2018

30. Expression atlas and comparative coexpression network analyses reveal important genes involved in the formation of lignified cell wall in Brachypodium distachyon

Author

Sibout, R, Proost, S, Hansen, BO, Vaid, N, Giorgi, FM, Ho-Yue-Kuang, S, Legee, F, Cezart, L, Bouchabke-Coussa, O, Soulhat, C, Provart, N, Pasha, A, Le Bris, P, Roujol, D, Hofte, H, Jamet, E, Lapierre, C, Persson, S, Mutwil, M, Sibout, R, Proost, S, Hansen, BO, Vaid, N, Giorgi, FM, Ho-Yue-Kuang, S, Legee, F, Cezart, L, Bouchabke-Coussa, O, Soulhat, C, Provart, N, Pasha, A, Le Bris, P, Roujol, D, Hofte, H, Jamet, E, Lapierre, C, Persson, S, and Mutwil, M

Abstract

While Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is an emerging model for grasses, no expression atlas or gene coexpression network is available. Such tools are of high importance to provide insights into the function of Brachypodium genes. We present a detailed Brachypodium expression atlas, capturing gene expression in its major organs at different developmental stages. The data were integrated into a large-scale coexpression database ( www.gene2function.de), enabling identification of duplicated pathways and conserved processes across 10 plant species, thus allowing genome-wide inference of gene function. We highlight the importance of the atlas and the platform through the identification of duplicated cell wall modules, and show that a lignin biosynthesis module is conserved across angiosperms. We identified and functionally characterised a putative ferulate 5-hydroxylase gene through overexpression of it in Brachypodium, which resulted in an increase in lignin syringyl units and reduced lignin content of mature stems, and led to improved saccharification of the stem biomass. Our Brachypodium expression atlas thus provides a powerful resource to reveal functionally related genes, which may advance our understanding of important biological processes in grasses.

Published
2017

34. Downregulation of cinnamoyl-coenzyme a reductase in poplar: multiple-level phenotyping reveals effects on cell wall polymer metabolism and structure

Author

Leplé, Jean-Charles, Dauwe, R., Morreel, K., Storme, V., Lapierre, C., Pollet, B., Naumann, A., Kang, K., Kim, H., Ruel, K., Lefebvre, A., Joseleau, J.P., Grima Pettenati, Jacqueline, De Rycke, R., Andersson-GunnerÅs, S., Erban, A., Fehrle, I., Petit-Conil, M., Kopka, J., Polle, A., Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2007

35. Flavonoid accumulation in Arapidopsis repressed in lignin synthesis affects auxin transport and plant growth

Author

Besseau, S., Hoffmann, L., Geoffroy, P., Lapierre, C., Pollet, B., Legrand, Michel, Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)

Subjects
[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology
Published
2007

36. Past and prospects of forage maize breeding in Europe. II. History, germplasm evolution and correlative agronomic changes

Author

Barrière, Y., Alber, D., Dolstra, O., Lapierre, C., Motto, M., Ordás Pérez, Amando, Van Waes, J., Vlasminkel, L., Welcker, C., Monod, J. P., Unité de recherche Génétique et Amélioration des Plantes Fourragères (UGAPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), KWS SAAT SE & Co.KGaA, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Chimie Biologique (UCB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre de Recherches Agronomiques - Gand, Partenaires INRAE, ADVANTA Seeds, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Yield, maïs, growth, germoplasme, diversity, zea mays, céréale, PRI Biodiversiteit en Veredeling, Germplasm, overlap, water regimes, grain maize, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Silage, Corn, Earliness, hydroponics, yield, Maize, Agricultural sciences, PRI Biodiversity and Breeding, root traits, ensilage, caractère agronomique, silage, france, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

Although maize was early recognized as an excellent forage plant soon after its introduction in Europe, during a long time it was only bred for grain traits. However, the first recommendations of maize varieties for specific forage use are probably those given in the French VILMORIN-ANDRIEUX catalogues as early as the second mid of the 19th century. The 1940 Dutch variety list distinguished several types of maize varieties and was already recommending three varieties for silage use. Whereas US hybrids were introduced in Europe in the early 1950s, the significant extension of silage maize cropping began after the release of early flint x dent hybrids such as INRA258 (1958) and a little later Brillant DK202, Capella, LG11, and Blizzard G188 (between 1965 and 1975). The increase went on until 1990, with a decrease or stabilization following. The first generation of early European maize hybrids was mostly often based on crosses between flint Lacaune and dent Minnesota13 lines. The registration of Dea (1980) in France and a few years later Golda in Germany both illustrated tremendous changes in maize dent, and to a lesser extent flint, germplasm and marked the onset of a second era in European maize hybrid breeding. Iodent and BSSS origins were thus substituting for Minnesota13. Correlatively, the era of 1980s was also marked by significant improvement of hybrid earliness. The actual maize breeding is characterized by a significantly greater introgression of medium late germplasm into early dent and flint maize lines. The beginning of this last period may be dated by the registration of Banguy (1992). The average genetic improvement in whole plant yield was close to 0.10 t/ha.year during the period between 1958 and 1988, but reached 0.17 t/ha.year between 1986 and 2004. In early maize, highly significant improvements of stalk standability, stalk rot and lodging resistance have been achieved between 1950 and 2004 in Europe. Physiological changes associated to these improvements are at least delayed senescence of leaves and stems, higher grain filling rate, and higher stress tolerance. Conversely to agronomic value, a steady decline in the average cell wall digestibility of hybrids was observed since the 1950s, and maize of the next future have to give a better balance between agronomic and feeding value traits.

Published
2006

38. Reduction of starch hydrophilicity by grafting lignin derivatives under EB irradiation: A study of model compounds

Author

Froment, M., Gors, C., Cazaux, F., Coqueret, X., Lepifre, S., Baumberger, S., Lapierre, C., Linz, C., Marie France Lacrampe, Krawczak, P., Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département Technologie des Polymères et Composites & Ingénierie Mécanique (TPCIM), École des Mines de Douai (Mines Douai EMD), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), V. Yuryev, P. Tomasik & E. Bertoft, and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2005

39. Lignin-related cinnamaldehydes

Author

Iliefski, T., Lapierre, C., Li, S., Lundquist, K., Parkas, J., Paulsson, M., Robert, D., Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2003

40. Down-regulation of AtCCR1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: effects on phenotype, lignins and cell wall degradability

Author

Goujon, T., Ferret, V., Mila, I., Pollet, B., Ruel, K., Burlat, Vincent, Joseleau, J.P., Barriere, Y., Lapierre, C., Jouanin, L., Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2003

41. AtBXL1, a novel higher plant (Arabidopsis thaliana) putative β-xylosidase gene, is involved in secondary cell wall metabolism and plant development

Author

Goujon, T., Minic, Z., El Amrani, Abdelhak, Lerouxel, O., Aletti, E., Lapierre, C., Joseleau, J.P., Jouanin, L., Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2003

42. Simultaneous down-regulation of caffeic / 5-OH ferulic acid-O-methyltransferase I (COMT I) and cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) in the progeny from a cross between tobacco lines homozygous for each transgene: consequences for plant development and lignin synthesis

Author

Pincon, G., Chabannes, M., Lapierre, C., Pollet, B., Ruel, K., Joseleau, J.P., Boudet, A., Legrand, Michel, Carret, Michèle, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2001

44. Structural alterations of lignins in transgenic poplars with depressed cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase or caffeic acid O-Methyltransferase activity have an opposite impact on the efficiency of industrial kraft pulping

Author

Lapierre, C., Pollet, B., Michel Petit-Conil, Toval, G., Romero, J., Pilate, G., Leplé, J. -C, Boerjan, W., Ferret, V., Nadai, V., Jouanin, L., Chimie Biologique (UCB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), Centre Technique du Papier (CTP), Empresa Nacional de Celulosas de Espana, Partenaires INRAE, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, and Laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire

Subjects
CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DESHYDROGENASE, KRAFT PULPING, STRUCTURE DE LA LIGNINE, fungi, LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, macromolecular substances, Science General, complex mixtures, COMT, TRANSGENIC POPLAR, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, CAFFEIC ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, PEUPLIER, PAPIER KRAFT, CAD, LIGNIN STRUCTURE, ACIDE CAFFEIQUE O-METHYLTRANSFERASE
Abstract

International audience; We evaluated lignin profiles and pulping performances of 2-year-old transgenic poplar (Populus tremula × Populus alba) lines severely altered in the expression of caffeic acid/5-hydroxyferulic acidO-methyltransferase (COMT) or cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD). Transgenic poplars with CAD orCOMT antisense constructs showed growth similar to control trees. CAD down-regulated poplars displayed a red coloration mainly in the outer xylem. A 90% lower COMT activity did not change lignin content but dramatically increased the frequency of guaiacyl units and resistant biphenyl linkages in lignin. This alteration severely lowered the efficiency of kraft pulping. The Klason lignin level of CAD-transformed poplars was slightly lower than that of the control. Whereas CAD down-regulation did not change the frequency of labile ether bonds or guaiacyl units in lignin, it increased the proportion of syringaldehyde and diarylpropane structures and, more importantly with regard to kraft pulping, of free phenolic groups in lignin. In the most depressed line, ASCAD21, a substantially higher content in free phenolic units facilitated lignin solubilization and fragmentation during kraft pulping. These results point the way to genetic modification of lignin structure to improve wood quality for the pulp industry.

Published
1999

47. Deconvolution of lignin fluorescence spectra: A contribution to the comparative structural studies of lignins

Author

Đikanović, Daniela, Kalauzi, Aleksandar, Radotić, Ksenija, Lapierre, C., Jeremic, M., Đikanović, Daniela, Kalauzi, Aleksandar, Radotić, Ksenija, Lapierre, C., and Jeremic, M.

Abstract

In this work, we deconvoluted the fluorescence spectra of lignin and a lignin model compound using a combination of one symmetric ( Gaussian) and the most appropriate number of asymmetric (Log-normal) models. We aimed to obtain new data on the structural characteristics of lignin as a complex molecule using fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with FTIR spectra. We analyzed the emission spectra of the lignin model compound, DHP, and isolated lignins from a deciduous tree, poplar, and a coniferous tree, spruce. The number of applied asymmetric components was varied for each sample until the component positions obtained from deconvolution of a series of spectra became constant. The lignin model compound contains fewer components in the emission spectrum. The same components in the spectra of all three samples show that they contain the same fluorophores. The small shift of the peak position can be attributed to the influence of different environments. The FTIR spectra of the three polymers show a small difference between their structures. The main difference among the IR spectra of the three samples is in the intensity of some peaks.

Published
2007

48. Les contraintes de croissance indicatrices de la qualité du bois

Author

Baillères, Henri, Combes, Jean-Georges, Lapierre, C., Monties, B., and Sassus, F.

Subjects
K50 - Technologie des produits forestiers, Bois, technology, industry, and agriculture, Bois de réaction, complex mixtures, Qualité
Abstract

The longitudinal maturation strain (LMS) at the origin of the growth stresses, allow to qualify with quantitative way the woods. Particularly, extreme measures of strain are associated with presence of reaction wood. Some LMS measurements are executed on two softwoods and four hardwoods. These measurements are correlated with basic density, longitudinal and tangential shrinkages, longitudinal modulus of elasticity, anatomical characteristics (microfibril angle) and chemical characteristics (lignin rate, hemicelluloses rate). According to the species, some strong correlations are found, like for example the relation between longitudinal shrinkage and LMS for eucalyptus. These correlations are characteristic of a reaction wood type : for example, the reaction wood of boxtree is similar with softwoods. As these correlations express a specific structure and chemical composition of the wood, the LMS might be used as a criterion of selection for different purposes. The latter proposition is discussed.

Published
1997

49. Functions and evolution of the CYP98 family in higher plants

Author

Abdulrazzak, N., Morant, Marc, Schoch, G.A., Ullmann, P., Heitz, T., Lapierre, C., Ehtling, J., Werck-Reichhart, Danièle, Abdulrazzak, N., Morant, Marc, Schoch, G.A., Ullmann, P., Heitz, T., Lapierre, C., Ehtling, J., and Werck-Reichhart, Danièle

Published
2006

50. Past and prospects of forage maize breeding in Europe. I. The grass cell wall as a basis of genetic variation and future improvements in feeding value

Author

Barrière, Y., Alber, D., Dolstra, O., Lapierre, C., Motto, M., Ordás Pérez, Amando, Van Waes, J., Vlasminkel, L., Welcker, C., Monod, J. P., Barrière, Y., Alber, D., Dolstra, O., Lapierre, C., Motto, M., Ordás Pérez, Amando, Van Waes, J., Vlasminkel, L., Welcker, C., and Monod, J. P.

Abstract

Although maize was early recognized as an excellent forage plant soon after its introduction in Europe, during a long time it was only bred for grain traits. Conversely to agronomic value, a steady decline in the average cell wall digestibility of hybrids was observed since the 1950s, despite a greater specialization of hybrids between forage and grain uses, except for the Netherlands where varietal registration has taken into account traits related to plant digestibility for longer times. Modern hybrids had on average a 5.5% lower in vivo cell wall digestibility than the old ones, leading to an organic matter digestibility reduction by 2%, despite a tendency to a slight, but significant, increase in grain content. When compared to the well-known early hybrid LG11, hybrids with a lower cell wall digestibility were 32, 63, 75, 84, and 93% in each of the registration periods before 1981, 1989, 1994, 1999, and in or after 1999, respectively. Alleles for highly friable and digestible cell walls were either eliminated during breeding for stalk standability and breakage resistance, or lost by genetic drift during breeding for grain yield. Breeding of highly digestible and ingestible forage maize may depend on the reevaluation and use of old genetic resources that are not currently used, and/or specific breeding of digestibility/ingestibility resource lines. Cell wall structure and organization, and lignified tissue patterning, are the key factor explaining silage maize variation both for cell wall digestibility and intake. In maize, as in other Poaceae, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, along with its array of dehydrodimers, are ester and/or ether-linked to the cell wall polymers. Linkages of pCA esters to syringyl lignin units may markedly influence not only the binding mode of these lignin units, but also the spatial organization of the polymers and their interactions with polysaccharides. Similarly, ferulates cross-linking between guaiacyl residues and arabinoxylans is

Published
2005

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