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This conceptually expansive volume provides a theoretical framework and practical guide for designing and implementing literacy instruction that promotes students'critical metalinguistic awareness in K–12 classroom contexts.Grounded in varied instructional contexts, the chapters present theories of language and overviews of research in ways that are accessible and engaging. Through innovative research and practical examples, the authors show how educators can address content areas, modalities, and K–12 student populations in increasingly diverse classroom spaces.Concrete instructional examples throughout, along with a culminating set of teacher vignettes, make this text an invaluable resource for pre-service teachers, graduate students, and scholars in the field of literacy education.

Do you find yourself asking: How am I supposed to put assessment, differentiated instruction, and multi-tiered instruction into practice? In this book author Yvette Zgonc gives you a wealth of phonological awareness activities directly tied into the three-tiered model of RTI. At your fingertips you'll find activities for use with the whole class, for small groups not making adequate progress, and for individual students who need the most intensive and explicit instruction. Informed by research on how the brain learns best, these songs, poems, games, and activities will keep students engaged, involved, and having fun because that's when learning is sustained. So whether they're pretending to be superheroes, surgical assistants, baseball pitchers, or just lowly worms, get ready to see your students actually enjoy strengthening their phonological awareness skills. This jam-packed collection will help you to: Engage students with easy-to-do activities that take little or no prep-time; Tailor your instruction to students'individual needs; Assess students'phonological awareness skills (with tests in English & Spanish); Monitor & track student progress, and Integrate works of children's literature into skills-based activities. Whether or not you are following the three-tiered RTI model, this volume will help you to effectively teach and keep track of your students. And that brings you one step closer to the ultimate goal—success for all children.

Drawing on current research about the connections between music and speech, this book explains how and why musical activities can be used to support the mechanisms and processes needed for speech. Containing specific guidance on the physiological, neurological, and learning differences children face when trying to make sense of speech, including hypermobility, autism spectrum conditions, Down Syndrome, auditory processing differences and motor timing difficulties, this guide provides an in-depth evaluation into how you can enhance your practice.Discover evidence-based and easy-to-use activities such as how to use whistles for breathing, drums to support the ability to'hear'or produce speech sounds, and how to use songs to support speech.

Enriching Vocabulary in Secondary Schools explores the importance of vocabulary for academic, social, emotional, and employment outcomes. It describes the vulnerability of vocabulary skills in children and adolescents with speech, language, and communication needs (SLCN), and suggests practical ways to support them as they learn.The book contains a theoretical overview of vocabulary development in children and adolescents, highlighting its impact on both learning and psychosocial functioning, and profiles the vocabulary learning of children with SLCN. It includes a range of programmes, strategies, and resources for vocabulary learning, together with the evidence base and key research underpinning them. Chapters offer a plethora of word-learning activities, ideas, and downloadable resources for implementation in the classroom, small groups, and individually to meet the needs of pupils with differing levels of language and cognitive ability.An essential resource for speech and language therapists, secondary school teachers, and support staff, this book will give readers a deeper understanding of the significance of language, along with an extensive practical toolkit to help teach and enhance the vocabulary learning of older children and young people.

Designed to be used either independently or alongside the ‘Words Together'storybooks, Helping Children Find Their Voices is a guide for parents and practitioners supporting children in the early stages of learning to talk, specifically to understand and use two-word sentences.Written in a friendly and reassuring tone, the book untangles questions and concerns that many parents and practitioners share around language development, such as whether children are reaching important milestones, whether they benefit from screen-time and dummies, and what to do if there might be a problem.Key features of this book include:• Chapters that can either be followed consecutively, offering tips on how to encourage first words and the combining of words into two-word sentences, or dipped in-and-out of according to the individual child's level of development• Practical information and advice rooted in theory, giving parents and practitioners the confidence and background knowledge to support communication• Activities that can be integrated into everyday interactions, giving children the opportunity to hear simple sentence structures that they can progress towards in their own speech.Also available as part of a set, with four colourful picture books, this guide is an ideal resource for early years practitioners, parents, and those working with children who have delayed speech and language development.

This book describes the repertoire and uses of referring expressions by French-speaking children and their interlocutors in naturally occurring dialogues at home and at school, in a wide range of communicative situations and activities. Through the lens of an interactionist and dialogical perspective, it highlights the interaction between the formal aspects of the acquisition of grammatical morphemes, the discourse-pragmatic dimension, and socio-discursive, interactional and dialogical factors. Drawing on this multidimensional theoretical and methodological framework, the first part of the book deals with the relation between reference and grammar, while the second part is devoted to the role of the communicative experience. Progressively, a set of arguments is brought out in favor of a dialogical and interactionist account of children's referential development. This theoretical stance is further discussed in relation to other approaches of reference acquisition. Thus, this volume provides researchers and students with new perspectives and methods for the study of referring expressions in children.

All students can benefit from a deeper understanding of how our language works. Playing With Language shows elementary school educators (K–6) how to think about, talk about, and manipulate language out of context. This cognitive skill set, known as metalinguistic awareness, is an important component of reading ability. This practical guide scales activities and teaching suggestions to students'age, linguistic background, and individual strengths and challenges. The authors offer suggestions for introducing metalinguistic concepts like phonological, semantic, and syntactic awareness with fun activities like games, songs, rhymes, and riddles. The book also identifies and explains research that supports using metalinguistic teaching with diverse students and English learners to build skills in multiple areas, including reading comprehension and decoding ability. Teachers will find that students introduced to language play become continually engaged with language, finding real-world examples with wonder and delight.Book Features:Compiles information on all forms of metalinguistic awareness (MA), spanning different linguistic units and developmental reading levels.Contains personal anecdotes and classroom-tested instructional recommendations for encouraging language play. Presents research on how individual language skills affect reading ability.Offers suggestions for full lesson plans with small groups or whole classes of children, as well as ideas for infusing MA activities into everyday exchanges and book choices.

Desde que as políticas educacionais do Brasil têm tentado dar maior'fluidez'ao percurso escolar dos alunos, por meio dos mais diversos programas de'aceleração'e do sistema de progressão continuada, um fenômeno tem chamado a atenção: os alunos estão avançando nos anos escolares, mas não em aprendizagem, pelo menos não no que se espera deles.

An argument that children are born to assign structures to their ambient language, which feeds a view of language variation not based on parameters defined at UG.In this book, David Lightfoot argues that just as some birds are born to chirp, humans are born to parse--predisposed to assign linguistic structures to their ambient external language. This approach to language acquisition makes two contributions to the development of Minimalist thinking.

How we vary our speech is fundamental in signalling who we are, where we're from and where we're going. How and when does such variation arise? Here, leading experts Jennifer Smith and Mercedes Durham address this question through a sociolinguistic analysis of the speech of preschool children in interaction with their primary caregivers. Bringing together two fields of linguistic research - variationist sociolinguistics and first language acquisition - the study focusses both qualitative and quantitative analysis of a range of variables to show when and how variation is acquired by young children, and the effect the caregiver's interaction has on this process. In doing so, they tackle a fundamental question in language research: when and how do children acquire the highly complex patterns of variation widely attested in adult speech?

In this beautifully illustrated storybook, part of the School Start series, children with language needs can explore the story of Bozo the Clown as he tries to make a new friend.School Start Storybooks support language development in reception and Key Stage 1 aged children both in school and at home. Through beautifully illustrated stories, children are invited to explore language, ask questions and recall events in order to aid language development, listening and memory skills. Each book contains a colourful and engaging story designed to appeal to young children, and with language specifically chosen for children with language needs.Key skills that these books support include: Comprehension Expression Vocabulary Memory Sequencing Available either as a set or as individual books, the School Start Storybooks are a vital resource for professionals looking to support language development either with individual children, or groups of children. Each book also contains guidance and prompt questions to help the supporting adult use the book effectively, making it ideal for parents to support language development at home.

In this colourful illustrated storybook, part of the School Start series, children with language needs can explore the story of Rusty the Robber, and the night he got caught.School Start Storybooks support language development in reception and Key Stage 1 aged children both in school and at home. Through beautifully illustrated stories, children are invited to explore language, ask questions and recall events in order to aid language development, listening and memory skills. Each book contains a colourful and engaging story designed to appeal to young children, and with language specifically chosen for children with language needs.Key skills that these books support include: Comprehension Expression Vocabulary Memory Sequencing Available either as a set or as individual books, the School Start Storybooks are a vital resource for professionals looking to support language development either with individual children, or groups of children. Each book also contains guidance and prompt questions to help the supporting adult use the book effectively, making it ideal for parents to support language development at home.

This book correlates English-speaking children's brain development and acquisition of language with the linguistic input that comes from children's books. Drawing from the most current research on the developing brain, the author demonstrates how language acquisition is exclusively interactive, and highlights the benefit that accrues when that interaction includes the exploratory language play found in early childhood literature. Through discussions of specific domains of grammar, the relation of these domains to children's literature through scaffolding, and the resultant linguistic and cognitive advantages for the child, this volume offers an innovative approach to early brain maturation.

In this colourful illustrated storybook, part of the School Start series, children with language needs can explore the story of Nik the Ninja, and his disastrous night at Merryville Museum.School Start Storybooks support language development in reception and Key Stage 1 aged children both in school and at home. Through beautifully illustrated stories, children are invited to explore language, ask questions and recall events in order to aid language development, listening and memory skills. Each book contains a colourful and engaging story designed to appeal to young children, and with language specifically chosen for children with language needs.Key skills that these books support include: Comprehension Expression Vocabulary Memory Sequencing Available either as a set or as individual books, the School Start Storybooks are a vital resource for professionals looking to support language development either with individual children, or groups of children. Each book also contains guidance and prompt questions to help the supporting adult use the book effectively, making it ideal for parents to support language development at home.

Translating cutting-edge research into practical recommendations for assessment and instruction, this book has helped thousands of readers understand the key role of phonological awareness in the development of reading, writing, and spelling. It clearly shows how children's knowledge about the sound structure of spoken language contributes to literacy acquisition. Evidence-based strategies are described for enhancing all learners'phonological awareness and effectively supporting those who are struggling (ages 3–17). The book discusses ways to tailor instruction and intervention for a broad range of students, including English language learners (ELLs) and those with reading or language disorders. New to This Edition: •Incorporates over a decade of important advances in research, assessment, and instruction. •Chapter on ELLs, plus additional insights on ELLs woven throughout the book, including new case studies. •Chapter on spelling development. •Significantly revised coverage of children with complex communication needs.

This highly practical resource is designed to be used with children who need additional help in developing communication skills in Year 1. It offers a carefully structured group intervention which can be delivered by teachers or teaching assistants and is designed to boost language and sound awareness skillsSchool Start Year 1 includes: detailed advice on how to set up the programme and identify children who may benefit; a structured programme of 30 Language group sessions; a structured programme of 30 Sound Awareness group sessions; activities and learning objectives that link with the Primary curriculum; 56 resource templates that can be photocopied or downloaded from the website; templates to monitor each child's objectives and an end of year evaluation. Activities are supported by colourful and original illustrations to engage children's interest and are themed around topics such as animal antics, detective stories and the seaside. An additional 5 template sessions are provided which can be used to extend the programme into Year 2. The authors provide clear guidance on how to use the resources and include an FAQ section for schools, parents and Speech and Language Therapists.This latest resource is a follow on to the hugely popular School Start and Pre-School Start and has been successfully piloted in schools. This is an invaluable resource for primary school staff that encourages good collaborative practice between teachers, teaching assistants, inclusion co-ordinators, SENCOs, speech and language therapists and parents.

This collection brings together leading names in the field of bilingualism research to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the Studies in Bilingualism series. Over the last 25 years the study of bilingualism has received a tremendous amount of attention from linguists, psychologists, cognitive scientists, and neuroscientists. The breadth of coverage in this volume is a testament to the many different aspects of bilingualism that continue to generate phenomenal interest in the scholarly community. The bilingual experience is captured through a multifaceted prism that includes aspects of language and literacy development in child bilinguals with and without developmental language disorders, language processing and mental representations in adult bilinguals across the lifespan, and the cognitive and neurological basis of bilingualism. Different theoretical approaches – from generative UG-based models to constructivist usage-based models – are brought to bear on the nature of bilingual linguistic knowledge. The end result is a compendium of the state-of-the-art of a field that is in constant evolution and that is on an upward trajectory of discovery.

In the schools of today, English learners are the fastest-growing segment of the student population. As such, it is increasingly imperative to educate these students properly, while still practicing inclusion for overall student success. The Handbook of Research on Pedagogies and Cultural Considerations for Young English Language Learners is an authoritative research publication on research-based, theoretical frameworks and best practices for teaching young English language learners. Featuring exhaustive coverage on a variety of topics and perspectives such as co-teaching, inclusion, and social awareness, this publication is ideally designed for academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on the examination of how diverse backgrounds, cultures, and experiences contribute to curriculum and pedagogy for bilingual young learners.

When it comes to language acquisition, all parents have questions…and?this invaluable resource?has all the answers.When should I expect my baby's first word? Is my toddler on his way to talking soon? Is my child speaking as clearly as her peers? All parents end up thinking questions like these during their children's formative years, but too few act on them, assuming the answers are too unpredictable to be certain. Time to Talk answers these questions for the curious parent.Written by an experienced speech-language pathologist and mom, this practical and proactive guide will help parents:Understand the building blocks of speech and languageMonitor progress against expected milestonesEnhance their child's communication skillsSpot signs of potential problems with hearing, speech, or language developmentAddress common concerns, such as articulation, late talking, stuttering, dyslexia, etc.Foster literacyRaise bilingual children successfullyYour child's language acquisition no longer must be a guessing game for you. From baby's first babbling to reading readiness, Time to Talk provides everything a parent needs so this vital fundamental skill doesn't have to be left to chance.

Early Word Learning explores the processes leading to a young child learning words and their meanings. Word learning is here understood as the outcome of overlapping and interacting processes, starting with an infant's learning of native speech sounds to segmenting proto-words from fluent speech, mapping individual words to meanings in the face of natural variability and uncertainty, and developing a structured mental lexicon. Experts in the field review the development of early lexical acquisition from empirical, computational and theoretical perspectives to examine the development of skilled word learning as the outcome of a process that begins even before birth and spans the first two years of life. Drawing on cutting-edge research in infant eye-tracking, neuroimaging techniques and computational modelling, this book surveys the field covering both established results and the most recent advances in word learning research. Featuring chapters from international experts whose research approaches the topic from these diverse perspectives using different methodologies, this book provides a comprehensive yet coherent and unified representation of early word learning. It will be invaluable for both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in early language development as well as being of interest to researchers interested in lexical development.

Language in Children provides a concise and basic introduction for students studying child language acquisition for the first time. Starting from the first sounds a child produces, this book covers all the stages a child goes through in acquiring a language. This title: Illustrates developmental stages from the recognition of sounds and words to the ability to hold a conversation, also covering bilingual upbringing and language disorders; Features real-life examples of all the phenomena discussed, from languages such as French, Spanish and Portuguese as well as English; Incorporates guidance on sources for further reading and exploration by chapter; Is supported by a companion website that includes exercises with links to real-world data in the CHILDES archive. Written by an experienced author and teacher, Language in Children is essential reading for students studying this topic.

Apprendre à écrire à l'école est une étape importante de la formation intellectuelle. L'enfant doit pouvoir transformer des pratiques langagières et familiales en pratiques littératiées et académiques. En observant des situations d'enseignement, et en analysant des productions écrites de lycéens, l'auteure construit un cadre théorique novateur.

This book focuses on the cultural influences of bilingualism, as well as global perspectives, and the advantages and disadvantages of being bilingual. Chapter One discusses the Letter of Aristeas. Chapter Two discusses various aspects bridging the issues of culture implementation during a planned school course of English as a global language (EGL). Chapter Three discusses the future direction of studies related to the application of the testing effect and retrieval practice in foreign language learning. Chapter Four reports findings from a study that examined whether there would be significant differences on oral narrative retelling among kindergarten, first, and second grade Spanish-English bilingual children in U.S. schools. Chapter Five highlights some of the issues related to the concept and practice of'translanguaging'as proposed by Baker (2011) and Garcia (2012) within the broader context of language contact. Chapter Six records the bilingual immigrant students'views on their L1 development and use and their attitudes towards home language and culture; and the majority students'views on the linguistic and cultural identities of their immigrant classmates. Chapter Seven investigates the association between levels of language proficiency and levels of bilingualism and performance on verbal and visual-spatial working memory tasks in young monolinguals and bilinguals 9-year old children in South Africa. Chapter Eight analyzes the grammar knowledge and use of second-generation Spanish/English bilinguals in South Florida. The final chapter reviews recent studies on extensive reading focusing on EFL settings such as Japan and China.

The volume addresses developing knowledge and use of Hebrew from the dual perspective of typologically specific factors and of shared cross-linguistic trends, aimed at providing an overview of acquisition in a single language from infancy to adolescence while also shedding light on key issues in the field as a whole. Essentially non-partisan in approach, the collection includes distinct approaches to language and language acquisition (formal-universalist, pragmatic-usage based, cognitive-constructivist) and deals with a range of topics not often addressed within a single volume (phonological perception and production, inflectional and derivational morphology, simple-clause structure and complex syntax, early and later literacy, writing systems), with data deriving from varied research methodologies (interactive conversations and extended discourse, adult input and child output, longitudinal and cross-sectional corpora, structured elicitations). Each chapter provides background information on Hebrew-specific facets of the topic of concern, but typically avoids ethno-centricity by relating to more general issues in the domain. The book should thus prove interesting and instructive for linguists, psychologists, and educators, and for members of the child language research community both within and beyond the confines of Hebrew-language expertise.

The presented monograph introduces the processes of vocabulary and grammar (primarily morphology) acquisition in one Czech child over a long time span. The research is based solely on the analysis of authentic material (the corpus of transcriptions of audio recordings and the parental diary), and it covers the period from the onset of speech until three and half years of age in the target child's development. The longitudinal study is oriented toward the acquisition of a lexicon and the acquisition of grammatical categories of inflectional parts of speech, namely, nouns, adjectives, pronouns and verbs. The analysis is largely building on the concepts of premorphology, protomorphology and modularised morphology. The results support the assertion that both grammatical and pragmatic competences are interrelated and that one limits the other.

Publikace představuje hlavní témata související s osvojováním prvního („mateřského“) jazyka dítětem. Věnuje se vymezení oboru, jeho základním pojmům a metodám a přehledu teoretických přístupů k osvojování komunikačních prostředků různých typů. Nastiňuje též obrysy průběhu osvojování jazyka u dětí od období prenatálního po školní věk a dotýká se i některých specifických případů, jako je bilingvismus nebo osvojování znakového jazyka, a vybraných případů narušené komunikační schopnosti. Problematiku osvojování jazyka uchopuje především z hlediska jazykovědného a snaží se přihlížet k výzkumům osvojování češtiny jako prvního jazyka.

Referring to entities is one of the key functions of language; learning to understand and use the relevant referential expressions is one of children's major linguistic achievements. The 13 chapters of this volume bring together a wealth of information on the acquisition of referential processes in infants, pre-schoolers and school-age children drawing on data from more than 25 languages ranging from Italian to Inuktitut, and from Norwegian to Turkish. This book presents the state-of-the-art of corpus and experimental research on the acquisition of reference. The breadth of aspects of referential acquisition will make the volume appealing to a wide audience of researchers, including linguists and psycholinguists working on phonological, morpho-syntactic, and discourse-pragmatic aspects of language development. The cross-linguistic perspective adopted by several of the contributors will be of particular interest to researchers investigating the relevance of typological differences. The state-of-the-art approach makes the research accessible to specialist and non-specialist researchers alike, and will provide an invaluable resource for graduate-level courses.

Implicit learning is a fundamental feature of human cognition. Many essential skills, including language comprehension and production, intuitive decision making, and social interaction, are largely dependent on implicit (unconscious) knowledge. Given its relevance, it is not surprising that the study of implicit learning plays a central role in the cognitive sciences. The present volume brings together eminent researchers from a variety of fields (e.g., cognitive psychology, linguistics, education, cognitive neuroscience, developmental psychology) in order to assess the progress made in the study of implicit and explicit learning, to critically evaluate key concepts and methodologies, and to determine future directions to take in this interdisciplinary enterprise. The eighteen chapters in this volume are written in an accessible and engaging fashion; together, they provide the reader with a comprehensive snapshot of the exciting current work on the implicit and explicit learning of languages.

Die vorliegende Monographie befasst sich mit dem frühkindlichen Erwerb der Dislokation im Französischen und Deutschen. Im Mittelpunkt der empirischen Untersuchung stehen das Auftreten und die Entwicklung von Dislokationsstrukturen im simultan-bilingualen Erstspracherwerb und die damit verbundene Frage, ob dieser grammatische Bereich anfällig für Spracheneinfluss ist. Die Datenanalyse bringt das Ergebnis hervor, dass ein solcher Einfluss sowohl in quantitativer als auch in qualitativer Hinsicht ausbleibt, und diskutiert mögliche Gründe hierfür. Neben der Analyse nominaler, resumptiv wiederaufgenommener Dislokationen stellen prä- und postverbale, nicht resumptiv aufgenommene Subjekte im frühkindlichen Französischen einen zweiten Forschungsschwerpunkt der Dissertation dar, für welche in der Literatur mitunter eine Dislokationsanalyse vorgeschlagen wird. Die Studie liefert Evidenz dafür, dass postverbale Subjekte tatsächlich disloziierte Elemente in der Satzperipherie darstellen, wohingegen in Bezug auf nicht-klitische präverbale Subjekte keine eindeutige Schlussfolgerung gezogen werden kann.