Search

Your search keyword '"Langhammer A"' showing total 7,154 results
Start Over Author "Langhammer A"
7,154 results on '"Langhammer A"'

1. Level of Education Modifies Asthma Mortality in Norway and Sweden. The Nordic EpiLung Study

Author

Backman H, Bhatta L, Hedman L, Brumpton B, Vähätalo I, Lassmann-Klee PG, Nwaru BI, Ekerljung L, Krokstad S, Aalberg Vikjord SA, Lindberg A, Kankaanranta H, Rönmark E, and Langhammer A

Subjects
epidemiology, cohort, prognosis, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Helena Backman,1,* Laxmi Bhatta,2,3,* Linnea Hedman,1 Ben Brumpton,2 Iida Vähätalo,4,5 Paul G Lassmann-Klee,6 Bright I Nwaru,7 Linda Ekerljung,7 Steinar Krokstad,8,9 Sigrid Anna Aalberg Vikjord,2 Anne Lindberg,10 Hannu Kankaanranta,7 Eva Rönmark,1,* Arnulf Langhammer8,* 1Section of Sustainable Health/ the OLIN Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 2K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; 3Division of Mental Health Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland; 5Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; 6Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Helsinki University Hospital’s Diagnostic Center and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 7Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; 8HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; 9Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway; 10Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Helena Backman, Email helena.backman@norrbotten.seBackground and Aim: The relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), asthma and mortality is complex and multifaceted, and it is not established if educational level modifies the association between asthma and mortality. The aim was to study the association between asthma and mortality in Sweden and Norway and to what extent educational level modifies this association.Participants and Methods: Within the Nordic EpiLung Study, > 56,000 individuals aged 30– 69 years participated in population-based surveys on asthma and associated risk factors in Sweden and Norway during 2005– 2007. Data on educational level and 10-year all-cause mortality were linked by national authorities. The fraction of mortality risk attributable to asthma was calculated, and Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for mortality related to asthma, stratified by educational level.Results: In total, 5.5% of all deaths was attributed to asthma. When adjusted for potential confounders, the HR for mortality related to asthma was 1.71 (95% CI 1.52– 1.93). Those with primary level of education had higher hazard of all-cause death related to asthma than those with tertiary level (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.48– 2.18, vs HR 1.39, 95% CI 0.99– 1.95).Conclusion: Asthma was associated with an overall 71% increased all-cause mortality and 5.5% of deaths can be attributed to asthma. Educational levels modified the risk of mortality associated with asthma, with the highest risk among those with primary education.Keywords: epidemiology, cohort, prognosis

Published
2024

2. Ranking the Top-K Realizations of Stochastically Known Event Logs

Author

Lepsien, Arvid, Pegoraro, Marco, Fonger, Frederik, Langhammer, Dominic, Aleknonytė-Resch, Milda, and Koschmider, Agnes

Subjects
Computer Science - Databases, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Various kinds of uncertainty can occur in event logs, e.g., due to flawed recording, data quality issues, or the use of probabilistic models for activity recognition. Stochastically known event logs make these uncertainties transparent by encoding multiple possible realizations for events. However, the number of realizations encoded by a stochastically known log grows exponentially with its size, making exhaustive exploration infeasible even for moderately sized event logs. Thus, considering only the top-K most probable realizations has been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we implement an efficient algorithm to calculate a top-K realization ranking of an event log under event independence within O(Kn), where n is the number of uncertain events in the log. This algorithm is used to investigate the benefit of top-K rankings over top-1 interpretations of stochastically known event logs. Specifically, we analyze the usefulness of top-K rankings against different properties of the input data. We show that the benefit of a top-K ranking depends on the length of the input event log and the distribution of the event probabilities. The results highlight the potential of top-K rankings to enhance uncertainty-aware process mining techniques.

Published
2024

3. Soft GPGPU versus IP cores: Quantifying and Reducing the Performance Gap

Author

Langhammer, Martin and Constantinides, George A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract

eGPU, a recently-reported soft GPGPU for FPGAs, has demonstrated very high clock frequencies (more than 750 MHz) and small footprint. This means that for the first time, commercial soft processors may be competitive for the kind of heavy numerical computations common in FPGA-based digital signal processing. In this paper we take a deep dive into the performance of the eGPU family on FFT computation, in order to quantify the performance gap between state-of-the-art soft processors and commercial IP cores specialized for this task. In the process, we propose two novel architectural features for the eGPU that improve the efficiency of the design by 50\% when executing the FFTs. The end-result is that our modified GPGPU takes only 3 times the performance-area product of a specialized IP core, yet as a programmable processor is able to execute arbitrary software-defined algorithms. Further comparison to Nvidia A100 GPGPUs demonstrates the superior efficiency of eGPU on FFTs of the size studied (256 to 4096-point).

Published
2024

4. Is the Disease Burden from COPD in Norway Falling off? A Study of Time Trends in Three Different Data Sources

Author

Melbye H, Helgeland J, Karlstad Ø, Ariansen I, Langhammer A, Wisløff T, Nafstad P, and Nystad W

Subjects
smoking, copd, epidemiology, general population, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Hasse Melbye,1 Jon Helgeland,2 Øystein Karlstad,3 Inger Ariansen,3 Arnulf Langhammer,4 Torbjørn Wisløff,1 Per Nafstad,3 Wenche Nystad3 1General Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; 2Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Health Services, Oslo, Norway; 3Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, Oslo, Norway; 4Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayCorrespondence: Hasse MelbyeGeneral Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037, NorwayTel +4795213200Email hasse.melbye@uit.noBackground: Less smoking should lead to fewer COPD cases. We aimed at estimating time trends in the prevalence and burden of COPD in Norway from 2001 to 2017.Methods: We used pre-bronchodilator spirometry and other health data from persons aged 40– 84 years in three surveys of the Tromsø Study, 2001– 2002, 2007– 2008 and 2015– 2016. We applied spirometry lower limits of normal (LLN) according to Global Lung Initiative 2012. Age-standardized prevalence was determined. We defined COPD as FEV1/FVC1 Results: In the Tromsø Study, the age-standardized prevalence of daily smoking dropped from 29.9% to 14.1% among women and from 31.4% to 12.8% among men (P< 0.0001). The age-standardized prevalence of COPD dropped from 7.6% to 5.6% among women (P=0.2) and from 7.3% to 5.6% among men (P=0.003) and of moderate to severe COPD from 5.2% to 2.7% among women (P=0.0003) and from 4.6% to 3.2% among men (P=0.0008). Among men, the yearly age-standardized prevalence of hospitalization due to COPD exacerbation decreased from 3.6 to 3.0 per 1000 inhabitants aged 40– 84 years (P

Published
2020

5. GOLD Classifications, COPD Hospitalization, and All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The HUNT Study

Author

Bhatta L, Leivseth L, Mai XM, Henriksen AH, Carslake D, Chen Y, Langhammer A, and Brumpton BM

Subjects
gold grades, abcd groups, copd hospitalization, mortality, area under curve (auc), Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Laxmi Bhatta,1 Linda Leivseth,2 Xiao-Mei Mai,1 Anne Hildur Henriksen,3,4 David Carslake,5,6 Yue Chen,7 Arnulf Langhammer,8,* Ben Michael Brumpton4,5,9,* 1Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 2Centre for Clinical Documentation and Evaluation (SKDE), Northern Norway Regional Health Authority, Tromsø, Norway; 3Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 4Clinic of Thoracic and Occupational Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; 5Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; 6Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; 7School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; 8HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; 9K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Laxmi BhattaDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 8905, MTFS, Trondheim NO-7491, NorwayEmail laxmi.bhatta@ntnu.noPurpose: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) has published three classifications of COPD from 2007 to 2017. No studies have investigated the ability of these classifications to predict COPD-related hospitalizations. We aimed to compare the discrimination ability of the GOLD 2007, 2011, and 2017 classifications to predict COPD hospitalization and all-cause mortality.Patients and Methods: We followed 1300 participants with COPD aged ≥ 40 years who participated in the HUNT Study (1995– 1997) through to December 31, 2015. Survival analysis and time-dependent area under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) were used to compare the discrimination abilities of the GOLD classifications.Results: Of the 1300 participants, 522 were hospitalized due to COPD and 896 died over 20.4 years of follow-up. In adjusted models, worsening GOLD 2007, GOLD 2011, or GOLD 2017 categories were associated with higher hazards for COPD hospitalization and all-cause mortality, except for the GOLD 2017 classification and all-cause mortality (ptrend=0.114). In crude models, the AUCs (95% CI) for the GOLD 2007, GOLD 2011, and GOLD 2017 for COPD hospitalization were 63.1 (58.7– 66.9), 60.9 (56.1– 64.4), and 56.1 (54.0– 58.1), respectively, at 20-years’ follow-up. Corresponding estimates for all-cause mortality were 57.0 (54.8– 59.1), 54.1 (52.1– 56.0), and 52.6 (51.0– 54.3). The differences in AUCs between the GOLD classifications to predict COPD hospitalization and all-cause mortality were constant over the follow-up time.Conclusion: The GOLD 2007 classification was better than the GOLD 2011 and 2017 classifications at predicting COPD hospitalization and all-cause mortality.Keywords: GOLD grades, ABCD groups, COPD hospitalization, mortality, area under curve, AUC

Published
2020

8. Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for total hip or knee replacement due to primary osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study (the HUNT study and the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register)

Author

Hellevik AI, Johnsen MB, Langhammer A, Baste V, Furnes O, Storheim K, Zwart JA, Flugsrud GB, and Nordsletten L

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Alf Inge Hellevik,1,2 Marianne Bakke Johnsen,3,4 Arnulf Langhammer,1 Valborg Baste,5 Ove Furnes,6,7 Kjersti Storheim,3,4 John Anker Zwart,3,4 Gunnar Birkeland Flugsrud,2 Lars Nordsletten2,4 1The HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, 2Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 3Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 4Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, 5Uni Research Health, Bergen, 6The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 7Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Objective: Biochemical changes associated with obesity may accelerate osteoarthritis beyond the effect of mechanical factors. This study investigated whether metabolic syndrome and its components (visceral obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) were risk factors for subsequent total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR) due to primary osteoarthritis.Design: In this prospective cohort study, data from the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 2 (HUNT2) were linked to the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register for identification of the outcome of THR or TKR. The analyses were stratified by age (

Published
2018

9. Spatial particle processes with coagulation: Gibbs-measure approach, gelation and Smoluchowski equation

Author

Andreis, Luisa, König, Wolfgang, Langhammer, Heide, and Patterson, Robert I. A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability, 82C22, 60J25, 60F10, 60G55, 60K35, 35Q70
Abstract

We study a spatial Markovian particle system with pairwise coagulation, a spatial version of the Marcus--Lushnikov process: according to a coagulation kernel $K$, particle pairs merge into a single particle, and their masses are united. We introduce a statistical-mechanics approach to the study of this process. We derive an explicit formula for the empirical process of the particle configuration at a given fixed time $T$ in terms of a reference Poisson point process, whose points are trajectories that coagulate into one particle by time $T$. The non-coagulation between any two of them induces an exponential pair-interaction, which turns the description into a many-body system with a Gibbsian pair-interaction. Based on this, we first give a large-deviation principle for the joint distribution of the particle histories (conditioning on an upper bound for particle sizes), in the limit as the number $N$ of initial atoms diverges and the kernel scales as $\frac 1N K$. We characterise the minimiser(s) of the rate function, we give criteria for its uniqueness and prove a law of large numbers (unconditioned). Furthermore, we use the unique minimiser to construct a solution of the Smoluchowski equation and give a criterion for the occurrence of a gelation phase transition., Comment: 60 pages, 1 figure

Published
2024

10. A Statically and Dynamically Scalable Soft GPGPU

Author

Langhammer, Martin and Constantinides, George A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract

Current soft processor architectures for FPGAs do not utilize the potential of the massive parallelism available. FPGAs now support many thousands of embedded floating point operators, and have similar computational densities to GPGPUs. Several soft GPGPU or SIMT processors have been published, but the reported large areas and modest Fmax makes their widespread use unlikely for commercial designs. In this paper we take an alternative approach, building the soft GPU microarchitecture around the FPGA resource mix available. We demonstrate a statically scalable soft GPGPU processor (where both parameters and feature set can be determined at configuration time) that always closes timing at the peak speed of the slowest embedded component in the FPGA (DSP or hard memory), with a completely unconstrained compile into a current Intel Agilex FPGA. We also show dynamic scalability, where a subset of the thread space can be specified on an instruction-by-instruction basis. For one example core type, we show a logic range -- depending on the configuration -- of 4k to 10k ALMs, along with 24 to 32 DSP Blocks, and 50 to 250 M20K memories. All of these instances close timing at 771 MHz, a performance level limited only by the DSP Blocks. We describe our methodology for reliably achieving this clock rate by matching the processor pipeline structure to the physical structure of the FPGA fabric. We also benchmark several algorithms across a range of data sizes, and compare to a commercial soft RISC processor.

Published
2024

11. Accelerating Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensors for Inert Gas Environments by Transformer-Based Deep Learning

Author

Martvall, Viktor, Moberg, Henrik Klein, Theodoridis, Athanasios, Tomeček, David, Ekborg-Tanner, Pernilla, Nilsson, Sara, Volpe, Giovanni, Erhart, Paul, and Langhammer, Christoph

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

The ability to rapidly detect hydrogen gas upon occurrence of a leak is critical for the safe large-scale implementation of hydrogen (energy) technologies. However, to date, no technically viable sensor solution exists that meets the corresponding response time targets set by stakeholders at technically relevant conditions. Here, we demonstrate how a tailored Long Short-term Transformer Ensemble Model for Accelerated Sensing (LEMAS) accelerates the response of a state-of-the-art optical plasmonic hydrogen sensor by up to a factor of 40 in an oxygen-free inert gas environment, by accurately predicting its response value to a hydrogen concentration change before it is physically reached by the sensor hardware. Furthermore, it eliminates the pressure dependence of the response intrinsic to metal hydride-based sensors, while leveraging their ability to operate in oxygen-starved environments that are proposed to be used for inert gas encapsulation systems of hydrogen installations. Moreover LEMAS provides a measure for the uncertainty of the predictions that is pivotal for safety-critical sensor applications. Our results thus advertise the use of deep learning for the acceleration of sensor response, also beyond the realm of plasmonic hydrogen detection., Comment: 11 pages; 5 figures

Published
2023

12. A plasma protein-based risk score to predict hip fractures

Author

Austin, Thomas R., Nethander, Maria, Fink, Howard A., Törnqvist, Anna E., Jalal, Diana I., Buzkova, Petra, Barzilay, Joshua I., Carbone, Laura, Gabrielsen, Maiken E., Grahnemo, Louise, Lu, Tianyuan, Hveem, Kristian, Jonasson, Christian, Kizer, Jorge R., Langhammer, Arnulf, Mukamal, Kenneth J., Gerszten, Robert E., Psaty, Bruce M., Robbins, John A., Sun, Yan V., Skogholt, Anne Heidi, Kanis, John A., Johansson, Helena, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Valderrabano, Rodrigo J., Zheng, Jie, Richards, J. Brent, Coward, Eivind, and Ohlsson, Claes

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Rebound growth of BRAF mutant pediatric glioma cells after MAPKi withdrawal is associated with MAPK reactivation and secretion of microglia-recruiting cytokines

Author

Kocher, Daniela, Cao, Lei, Guiho, Romain, Langhammer, Melanie, Lai, Yun-Lu, Becker, Pauline, Hamdi, Hiba, Friedel, Dennis, Selt, Florian, Vonhören, David, Zaman, Julia, Valinciute, Gintvile, Herter, Sonja, Picard, Daniel, Rettenmeier, Johanna, Maass, Kendra K., Pajtler, Kristian W., Remke, Marc, von Deimling, Andreas, Pusch, Stefan, Pfister, Stefan M., Oehme, Ina, Jones, David T.W., Halbach, Sebastian, Brummer, Tilman, Martinez-Barbera, Juan Pedro, Witt, Olaf, Milde, Till, and Sigaud, Romain

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Process Mining for Unstructured Data: Challenges and Research Directions

Author

Koschmider, Agnes, Aleknonytė-Resch, Milda, Fonger, Frederik, Imenkamp, Christian, Lepsien, Arvid, Apaydin, Kaan, Harms, Maximilian, Janssen, Dominik, Langhammer, Dominic, Ziolkowski, Tobias, and Zisgen, Yorck

Subjects
Computer Science - Databases, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The application of process mining for unstructured data might significantly elevate novel insights into disciplines where unstructured data is a common data format. To efficiently analyze unstructured data by process mining and to convey confidence into the analysis result, requires bridging multiple challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these challenges, present initial solutions and describe future research directions. We hope that this article lays the foundations for future collaboration on this topic.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Label-free Imaging of Catalytic H2O2 Decomposition on Single Colloidal Pt Nanoparticles using Nanofluidic Scattering Microscopy

Author

Altenburger, Björn, Andersson, Carl, Levin, Sune, Westerlund, Fredrik, Fritzsche, Joachim, and Langhammer, Christoph

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Single particle catalysis aims at determining factors that dictate nanoparticle activity and selectivity. Existing methods often use fluorescent model reactions at low reactant concentrations, operate at low pressures, or rely on plasmonic enhancement effects. Hence, methods to measure single nanoparticle activity at technically relevant conditions, and without fluorescence or other enhancement mechanisms, are still lacking. Here, we introduce nanofluidic scattering microscopy to fill this gap. By detecting minuscule refractive index changes in a liquid flushed through a nanochannel, we demonstrate that local H2O2 concentration changes in water can be accurately measured. Applying this principle, we analyze the H2O2 concentration profiles adjacent to single colloidal Pt nanoparticles during catalytic H2O2 decomposition into O2 and H2O and derive the particles individual turnover frequencies from the growth rate of O2 gas bubbles formed in their respective nanochannel during reaction.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Microscaling Data Formats for Deep Learning

Author

Rouhani, Bita Darvish, Zhao, Ritchie, More, Ankit, Hall, Mathew, Khodamoradi, Alireza, Deng, Summer, Choudhary, Dhruv, Cornea, Marius, Dellinger, Eric, Denolf, Kristof, Dusan, Stosic, Elango, Venmugil, Golub, Maximilian, Heinecke, Alexander, James-Roxby, Phil, Jani, Dharmesh, Kolhe, Gaurav, Langhammer, Martin, Li, Ada, Melnick, Levi, Mesmakhosroshahi, Maral, Rodriguez, Andres, Schulte, Michael, Shafipour, Rasoul, Shao, Lei, Siu, Michael, Dubey, Pradeep, Micikevicius, Paulius, Naumov, Maxim, Verrilli, Colin, Wittig, Ralph, Burger, Doug, and Chung, Eric

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Narrow bit-width data formats are key to reducing the computational and storage costs of modern deep learning applications. This paper evaluates Microscaling (MX) data formats that combine a per-block scaling factor with narrow floating-point and integer types for individual elements. MX formats balance the competing needs of hardware efficiency, model accuracy, and user friction. Empirical results on over two dozen benchmarks demonstrate practicality of MX data formats as a drop-in replacement for baseline FP32 for AI inference and training with low user friction. We also show the first instance of training generative language models at sub-8-bit weights, activations, and gradients with minimal accuracy loss and no modifications to the training recipe.

Published
2023

18. Validation of self-reported and hospital-diagnosed atrial fibrillation: the HUNT-study

Author

Malmo V, Langhammer A, Bønaa KH, Loennechen JP, and Ellekjaer H

Subjects
Atrial fibrillation, epidemiology, diagnosis, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Vegard Malmo,1,2 Arnulf Langhammer,3 Kaare H Bønaa,2,3,4 Jan P Loennechen,1,2 Hanne Ellekjaer5,6 1Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2Department of Cardiology, St Olav’s Hospital, 3Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 4Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, 5Stroke Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, St Olav’s Hospital, 6Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Background: Self-reported atrial fibrillation (AF) and diagnoses from hospital registers are often used to identify persons with AF. The objective of this study was to validate self-reported AF and hospital discharge diagnoses of AF among participants in a population-based study. Materials and methods: Among 50,805 persons who participated in the third survey of the HUNT Study (HUNT3), 16,247 participants from three municipalities were included. Individuals who reported cardiovascular disease, renal disease, or hypertension in the main questionnaire received a cardiovascular-specific questionnaire. An affirmative answer to a question on physician-diagnosed AF in this second questionnaire defined self-reported AF diagnoses in the study. In addition, AF diagnoses were retrieved from hospital and primary care (PC) registers. All AF diagnoses were verified by review of hospital and PC medical records. Results: A total of 502 HUNT3 participants had a diagnosis of AF verified in hospital or PC records. Of these, 249 reported their AF diagnosis in the HUNT3 questionnaires and 370 had an AF diagnosis in hospital discharge registers before participation in HUNT3. The sensitivity of self-reported AF in HUNT3 was 49.6%, specificity 99.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) 66.2%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 98.4%. The sensitivity of a hospital discharge diagnosis of AF was 73.7%, specificity 99.7%, PPV 88.5%, and NPV 99.2%. Conclusion: Use of questionnaires alone to identify cases of AF has low sensitivity. Extraction of diagnoses from health care registers enhances the sensitivity substantially and should be applied when estimates of incidence and prevalence of AF are studied. Keywords: atrial fibrillation, epidemiology, diagnosis, questionnaire, validation

Published
2016

19. eGPU: A 750 MHz Class Soft GPGPU for FPGA

Author

Langhammer, Martin and Constantinides, George

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract

This paper introduces the eGPU, a SIMT soft processor designed for FPGAs. Soft processors typically achieve modest operating frequencies, a fraction of the headline performance claimed by modern FPGA families, and obtain correspondingly modest performance results. We propose a GPGPU architecture structured specifically to take advantage of both the soft logic and embedded features of the FPGA. We also consider the physical location of the embedded memories and DSP Blocks relative to the location and number of soft logic elements in order to have a design with balanced resources. Our goal is to create a high performance soft processor able to implement complex portions of FPGA system designs, such as the linear solvers commonly used in wireless systems, through push-button compilation from software. The eGPU architecture is a streaming multiprocessor (SM) machine with 512 threads. Each SM contains 16 scalar processors (SP). Both IEEE754 FP32 and INT32 integer arithmetic are supported. We demonstrate a single SM eGPU in an Intel Agilex device, requiring 5600 ALMs and 24 DSP Blocks, which closes timing at over 770 MHz from a completely unconstrained compile. Multiple eGPUs can also be tightly packed together into a single Agilex FPGA logic region, with minimal speed penalty.

Published
2023

21. Association between resting-state connectivity patterns in the defensive system network and treatment response in spider phobia—a replication approach

Author

Leehr, Elisabeth J., Seeger, Fabian R., Böhnlein, Joscha, Gathmann, Bettina, Straube, Thomas, Roesmann, Kati, Junghöfer, Markus, Schwarzmeier, Hanna, Siminski, Niklas, Herrmann, Martin J., Langhammer, Till, Goltermann, Janik, Grotegerd, Dominik, Meinert, Susanne, Winter, Nils R., Dannlowski, Udo, and Lueken, Ulrike

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. A meta-analysis of previous falls and subsequent fracture risk in cohort studies

Author

Vandenput, Liesbeth, Johansson, Helena, McCloskey, Eugene V., Liu, Enwu, Schini, Marian, Åkesson, Kristina E., Anderson, Fred A., Azagra, Rafael, Bager, Cecilie L., Beaudart, Charlotte, Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A., Biver, Emmanuel, Bruyère, Olivier, Cauley, Jane A., Center, Jacqueline R., Chapurlat, Roland, Christiansen, Claus, Cooper, Cyrus, Crandall, Carolyn J., Cummings, Steven R., da Silva, José A. P., Dawson-Hughes, Bess, Diez-Perez, Adolfo, Dufour, Alyssa B., Eisman, John A., Elders, Petra J. M., Ferrari, Serge, Fujita, Yuki, Fujiwara, Saeko, Glüer, Claus-Christian, Goldshtein, Inbal, Goltzman, David, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hall, Jill, Hans, Didier, Hoff, Mari, Hollick, Rosemary J., Huisman, Martijn, Iki, Masayuki, Ish-Shalom, Sophia, Jones, Graeme, Karlsson, Magnus K., Khosla, Sundeep, Kiel, Douglas P., Koh, Woon-Puay, Koromani, Fjorda, Kotowicz, Mark A., Kröger, Heikki, Kwok, Timothy, Lamy, Olivier, Langhammer, Arnulf, Larijani, Bagher, Lippuner, Kurt, McGuigan, Fiona E. A., Mellström, Dan, Merlijn, Thomas, Nguyen, Tuan V., Nordström, Anna, Nordström, Peter, O’Neill, Terence W., Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara, Ohlsson, Claes, Orwoll, Eric S., Pasco, Julie A., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Schott, Anne-Marie, Shiroma, Eric J., Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Simonsick, Eleanor M., Sornay-Rendu, Elisabeth, Sund, Reijo, Swart, Karin M. A., Szulc, Pawel, Tamaki, Junko, Torgerson, David J., van Schoor, Natasja M., van Staa, Tjeerd P., Vila, Joan, Wareham, Nicholas J., Wright, Nicole C., Yoshimura, Noriko, Zillikens, MCarola, Zwart, Marta, Harvey, Nicholas C., Lorentzon, Mattias, Leslie, William D., and Kanis, John A.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy

Author

Volpe, Giovanni, Wählby, Carolina, Tian, Lei, Hecht, Michael, Yakimovich, Artur, Monakhova, Kristina, Waller, Laura, Sbalzarini, Ivo F., Metzler, Christopher A., Xie, Mingyang, Zhang, Kevin, Lenton, Isaac C. D., Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina, Brunner, Daniel, Bai, Bijie, Ozcan, Aydogan, Midtvedt, Daniel, Wang, Hao, Sladoje, Nataša, Lindblad, Joakim, Smith, Jason T., Ochoa, Marien, Barroso, Margarida, Intes, Xavier, Qiu, Tong, Yu, Li-Yu, You, Sixian, Liu, Yongtao, Ziatdinov, Maxim A., Kalinin, Sergei V., Sheridan, Arlo, Manor, Uri, Nehme, Elias, Goldenberg, Ofri, Shechtman, Yoav, Moberg, Henrik K., Langhammer, Christoph, Špačková, Barbora, Helgadottir, Saga, Midtvedt, Benjamin, Argun, Aykut, Thalheim, Tobias, Cichos, Frank, Bo, Stefano, Hubatsch, Lars, Pineda, Jesus, Manzo, Carlo, Bachimanchi, Harshith, Selander, Erik, Homs-Corbera, Antoni, Fränzl, Martin, de Haan, Kevin, Rivenson, Yair, Korczak, Zofia, Adiels, Caroline Beck, Mijalkov, Mite, Veréb, Dániel, Chang, Yu-Wei, Pereira, Joana B., Matuszewski, Damian, Kylberg, Gustaf, Sintorn, Ida-Maria, Caicedo, Juan C., Cimini, Beth A, Bell, Muyinatu A. Lediju, Saraiva, Bruno M., Jacquemet, Guillaume, Henriques, Ricardo, Ouyang, Wei, Le, Trang, Gómez-de-Mariscal, Estibaliz, Sage, Daniel, Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate, Lindqvist, Ebba Josefson, and Bergman, Johanna

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Physics - Applied Physics, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep neural networks, and machine learning are all niche terms describing computational methods that have gained a pivotal role in microscopy-based research over the past decade. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and encompasses selected aspects of how machine learning is applied to microscopy image data, with the aim of gaining scientific knowledge by improved image quality, automated detection, segmentation, classification and tracking of objects, and efficient merging of information from multiple imaging modalities. We aim to give the reader an overview of the key developments and an understanding of possibilities and limitations of machine learning for microscopy. It will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience in the physical sciences and life sciences.

Published
2023

25. Publisher Correction: A plasma protein-based risk score to predict hip fractures

Author

Austin, Thomas R., Nethander, Maria, Fink, Howard A., Törnqvist, Anna E., Jalal, Diana I., Buzkova, Petra, Barzilay, Joshua I., Carbone, Laura, Gabrielsen, Maiken E., Grahnemo, Louise, Lu, Tianyuan, Hveem, Kristian, Jonasson, Christian, Kizer, Jorge R., Langhammer, Arnulf, Mukamal, Kenneth J., Gerszten, Robert E., Psaty, Bruce M., Robbins, John A., Sun, Yan V., Skogholt, Anne Heidi, Kanis, John A., Johansson, Helena, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Valderrabano, Rodrigo J., Zheng, Jie, Richards, J. Brent, Coward, Eivind, and Ohlsson, Claes

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Markers of imminent myocardial infarction

Author

Gustafsson, Stefan, Lampa, Erik, Jensevik Eriksson, Karin, Butterworth, Adam S., Elmståhl, Sölve, Engström, Gunnar, Hveem, Kristian, Johansson, Mattias, Langhammer, Arnulf, Lind, Lars, Läll, Kristi, Masala, Giovanna, Metspalu, Andres, Moreno-Iribas, Conchi, Nilsson, Peter M., Perola, Markus, Simell, Birgit, Sipsma, Hemmo, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Ingelsson, Erik, Hammar, Ulf, Ganna, Andrea, Svennblad, Bodil, Fall, Tove, and Sundström, Johan

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX

Author

Kanis, J.A., Johansson, H., McCloskey, E.V., Liu, E., Åkesson, K.E., Anderson, F.A., Azagra, R., Bager, C.L., Beaudart, C., Bischoff-Ferrari, H.A., Biver, E., Bruyère, O., Cauley, J.A., Center, J.R., Chapurlat, R., Christiansen, C., Cooper, C., Crandall, C.J., Cummings, S.R., da Silva, J.A.P., Dawson-Hughes, B., Diez-Perez, A., Dufour, A.B., Eisman, J.A., Elders, P.J.M., Ferrari, S., Fujita, Y., Fujiwara, S., Glüer, C.-C., Goldshtein, I., Goltzman, D., Gudnason, V., Hall, J., Hans, D., Hoff, M., Hollick, R.J., Huisman, M., Iki, M., Ish-Shalom, S., Jones, G., Karlsson, M.K., Khosla, S., Kiel, D.P., Koh, W.-P., Koromani, F., Kotowicz, M.A., Kröger, H., Kwok, T., Lamy, O., Langhammer, A., Larijani, B., Lippuner, K., Mellström, D., Merlijn, T., Nordström, A., Nordström, P., O’Neill, T.W., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., Ohlsson, C., Orwoll, E.S., Pasco, J.A., Rivadeneira, F., Schott, A.-M., Shiroma, E.J., Siggeirsdottir, K., Simonsick, E.M., Sornay-Rendu, E., Sund, R., Swart, K.M.A., Szulc, P., Tamaki, J., Torgerson, D.J., van Schoor, N.M., van Staa, T.P., Vila, J., Wareham, N.J., Wright, N.C., Yoshimura, N., Zillikens, M.C., Zwart, M., Vandenput, L., Harvey, N.C., Lorentzon, M., and Leslie, W.D.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Exploring the genetics of airflow limitation in lung function across the lifespan – a polygenic risk score study

Author

Hernandez-Pacheco, Natalia, Kilanowski, Anna, Kumar, Ashish, Curtin, John A., Olvera, Núria, Kress, Sara, Bertels, Xander, Lahousse, Lies, Bhatta, Laxmi, Granell, Raquel, Marí, Sergi, Bilbao, Jose Ramon, Sun, Yidan, Tingskov Pedersen, Casper-Emil, Karramass, Tarik, Thiering, Elisabeth, Dardani, Christina, Kebede Merid, Simon, Wang, Gang, Hallberg, Jenny, Koch, Sarah, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Esplugues, Ana, Torrent, Maties, Ibarluzea, Jesus, Lowe, Lesley, Simpson, Angela, Gehring, Ulrike, Vermeulen, Roel C.H., Roberts, Graham, Bergström, Anna, Vonk, Judith M., Felix, Janine F., Duijts, Liesbeth, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Timpson, Nic, Brusselle, Guy, Brumpton, Ben M., Langhammer, Arnulf, Turner, Stephen, Holloway, John W., Arshad, Syed Hasan, Ullah, Anhar, Custovic, Adnan, Cullinan, Paul, Murray, Clare S., van den Berge, Maarten, Kull, Inger, Schikowski, Tamara, Wedzicha, Jadwiga A., Koppelman, Gerard, Faner, Rosa, Agustí, Àlvar, Standl, Marie, and Melén, Erik

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. An atlas of genetic determinants of forearm fracture

Author

Nethander, Maria, Movérare-Skrtic, Sofia, Kämpe, Anders, Coward, Eivind, Reimann, Ene, Grahnemo, Louise, Borbély, Éva, Helyes, Zsuzsanna, Funck-Brentano, Thomas, Cohen-Solal, Martine, Tuukkanen, Juha, Koskela, Antti, Wu, Jianyao, Li, Lei, Lu, Tianyuan, Gabrielsen, Maiken E., Mägi, Reedik, Hoff, Mari, Lerner, Ulf H., Henning, Petra, Ullum, Henrik, Erikstrup, Christian, Brunak, Søren, Langhammer, Arnulf, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Oddsson, Asmundur, Stefansson, Kari, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, Ostrowski, Sisse Rye, Pedersen, Ole Birger Vesterager, Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Mäkitie, Outi, Hveem, Kristian, Richards, J. Brent, and Ohlsson, Claes

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats

Author

Luedtke, Jennifer A., Chanson, Janice, Neam, Kelsey, Hobin, Louise, Maciel, Adriano O., Catenazzi, Alessandro, Borzée, Amaël, Hamidy, Amir, Aowphol, Anchalee, Jean, Anderson, Sosa-Bartuano, Ángel, Fong G., Ansel, de Silva, Anslem, Fouquet, Antoine, Angulo, Ariadne, Kidov, Artem A., Muñoz Saravia, Arturo, Diesmos, Arvin C., Tominaga, Atsushi, Shrestha, Biraj, Gratwicke, Brian, Tjaturadi, Burhan, Martínez Rivera, Carlos C., Vásquez Almazán, Carlos R., Señaris, Celsa, Chandramouli, S. R., Strüssmann, Christine, Cortez Fernández, Claudia Fabiola, Azat, Claudio, Hoskin, Conrad J., Hilton-Taylor, Craig, Whyte, Damion L., Gower, David J., Olson, Deanna H., Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F., Santana, Diego José, Nagombi, Elizah, Najafi-Majd, Elnaz, Quah, Evan S. H., Bolaños, Federico, Xie, Feng, Brusquetti, Francisco, Álvarez, Francisco S., Andreone, Franco, Glaw, Frank, Castañeda, Franklin Enrique, Kraus, Fred, Parra-Olea, Gabriela, Chaves, Gerardo, Medina-Rangel, Guido F., González-Durán, Gustavo, Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio, Machado, Iberê F., Das, Indraneil, Dias, Iuri Ribeiro, Urbina-Cardona, J. Nicolas, Crnobrnja-Isailović, Jelka, Yang, Jian-Huan, Jianping, Jiang, Wangyal, Jigme Tshelthrim, Rowley, Jodi J. L., Measey, John, Vasudevan, Karthikeyan, Chan, Kin Onn, Gururaja, Kotambylu Vasudeva, Ovaska, Kristiina, Warr, Lauren C., Canseco-Márquez, Luis, Toledo, Luís Felipe, Díaz, Luis M., Khan, M. Monirul H., Meegaskumbura, Madhava, Acevedo, Manuel E., Napoli, Marcelo Felgueiras, Ponce, Marcos A., Vaira, Marcos, Lampo, Margarita, Yánez-Muñoz, Mario H., Scherz, Mark D., Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Matsui, Masafumi, Fildor, Maxon, Kusrini, Mirza D., Ahmed, Mohammad Firoz, Rais, Muhammad, Kouamé, N’Goran G., García, Nieves, Gonwouo, Nono Legrand, Burrowes, Patricia A., Imbun, Paul Y., Wagner, Philipp, Kok, Philippe J. R., Joglar, Rafael L., Auguste, Renoir J., Brandão, Reuber Albuquerque, Ibáñez, Roberto, von May, Rudolf, Hedges, S. Blair, Biju, S. D., Ganesh, S. R., Wren, Sally, Das, Sandeep, Flechas, Sandra V., Ashpole, Sara L., Robleto-Hernández, Silvia J., Loader, Simon P., Incháustegui, Sixto J., Garg, Sonali, Phimmachak, Somphouthone, Richards, Stephen J., Slimani, Tahar, Osborne-Naikatini, Tamara, Abreu-Jardim, Tatianne P. F., Condez, Thais H., De Carvalho, Thiago R., Cutajar, Timothy P., Pierson, Todd W., Nguyen, Truong Q., Kaya, Uğur, Yuan, Zhiyong, Long, Barney, Langhammer, Penny, and Stuart, Simon N.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. A large-deviations principle for all the components in a sparse inhomogeneous random graph

Author

Andreis, Luisa, König, Wolfgang, Langhammer, Heide, and Patterson, Robert I. A.

Subjects
Mathematics - Probability
Abstract

We study an inhomogeneous sparse random graph on [N] = {1, . . . , N } as introduced in a seminal paper by Bollobas, Janson and Riordan (2007): vertices have a type (here in a compact metric space S), and edges between different vertices occur randomly and independently over all vertex pairs, with a probability depending on the two vertex types. In the limit N to infinity, we consider the sparse regime, where the average degree is O(1). We prove a large-deviations principle with explicit rate function for the statistics of the collection of all the connected components, registered according to their vertex type sets, and distinguished according to being microscopic (of finite size) or macroscopic (of size proportional to N). In doing so, we derive explicit logarithmic asymptotics for the probability that GN is connected. We present a full analysis of the rate function including its minimizers. From this analysis we deduce a number of limit laws, conditional and unconditional, which provide comprehensive information about all the microscopic and macroscopic components of the graph. In particular, we recover the criterion for the existence of the phase transition given in [5].

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Lack of evidence for predictive utility from resting state fMRI data for individual exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes: A machine learning study in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders

Author

Hilbert, Kevin, Böhnlein, Joscha, Meinke, Charlotte, Chavanne, Alice V., Langhammer, Till, Stumpe, Lara, Winter, Nils, Leenings, Ramona, Adolph, Dirk, Arolt, Volker, Bischoff, Sophie, Cwik, Jan C., Deckert, Jürgen, Domschke, Katharina, Fydrich, Thomas, Gathmann, Bettina, Hamm, Alfons O., Heinig, Ingmar, Herrmann, Martin J., Hollandt, Maike, Hoyer, Jürgen, Junghöfer, Markus, Kircher, Tilo, Koelkebeck, Katja, Lotze, Martin, Margraf, Jürgen, Mumm, Jennifer L.M., Neudeck, Peter, Pauli, Paul, Pittig, Andre, Plag, Jens, Richter, Jan, Ridderbusch, Isabelle C., Rief, Winfried, Schneider, Silvia, Schwarzmeier, Hanna, Seeger, Fabian R., Siminski, Niklas, Straube, Benjamin, Straube, Thomas, Ströhle, Andreas, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Wroblewski, Adrian, Yang, Yunbo, Roesmann, Kati, Leehr, Elisabeth J., Dannlowski, Udo, and Lueken, Ulrike

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. A cross-sectional study of inflammatory markers as determinants of circulating kynurenines in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium

Author

Midttun, Øivind, Ulvik, Arve, Meyer, Klaus, Zahed, Hana, Giles, Graham G., Manjer, Jonas, Sandsveden, Malte, Langhammer, Arnulf, Sørgjerd, Elin Pettersen, Behndig, Annelie F., Johansson, Mikael, Freedman, Neal D., Huang, Wen-Yi, Chen, Chu, Prentice, Ross, Stevens, Victoria L., Wang, Ying, Le Marchand, Loïc, Weinstein, Stephanie J., Cai, Qiuyin, Arslan, Alan A., Chen, Yu, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Zheng, Wei, Yuan, Jian-Min, Koh, Woon-Puay, Visvanathan, Kala, Sesso, Howard D., Zhang, Xuehong, Gaziano, J. Michael, Fanidi, Anouar, Robbins, Hilary A., Brennan, Paul, Johansson, Mattias, and Ueland, Per M.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Mast cell deficiency prevents BCR::ABL1 induced splenomegaly and cytokine elevation in a CML mouse model

Author

Langhammer, Melanie, Schöpf, Julia, Jaquet, Timo, Horn, Katharina, Angel, Moritz, Spohr, Corinna, Christen, Daniel, Uhl, Franziska Maria, Maié, Tiago, Jacobi, Henrike, Feyerabend, Thorsten B., Huber, Julia, Panning, Marcus, Sitaru, Cassian, Costa, Ivan, Zeiser, Robert, Aumann, Konrad, Becker, Heiko, Braunschweig, Till, Koschmieder, Steffen, Shoumariyeh, Khalid, Huber, Michael, Schemionek-Reinders, Mirle, Brummer, Tilman, and Halbach, Sebastian

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results