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3. Sea-Level Rise: Projections for Maryland 2018

Author

Boesch, D. F, Boicourt, W. C, Cullather, R. I, Ezer, T, Galloway, G. E., Jr, Johnson, Z. P, Kilbourne, K. H, Kirwan, M. L, Kopp, R. E, Land, S, Li, M, Nardin, W, Sommerfield, C. K, and Sweet, W. V

Subjects
Geosciences (General)
Abstract

In fulfillment of requirements of the Maryland Commission on Climate Change Act of 2015, this report provides updated projections of the amount of sea-level rise relative to Maryland coastal lands that is expected into the next century. These projections represent the consensus of an Expert Group drawn from the Mid-Atlantic region. The framework for these projections is explicitly tied to the projections of global sea-level rise included in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment (2014) and incorporates regional factors such as subsidence, distance from melting glaciers and polar ice sheets, and ocean currents. The probability distribution of estimates of relative sea-level rise from the baseline year of 2000 are provided over time and, after 2050, for three different greenhouse gas emissions pathways: Growing Emissions (RCP8.5), Stabilized Emissions (RCP4.5), and meeting the Paris Agreement (RCP2.6). This framework has been recently used in developing relative sea-level rise projections for California, Oregon, Washington, New Jersey, and Delaware as well as several metropolitan areas. The Likely range (66% probability) of the relative rise of mean sea level expected in Maryland between 2000 and 2050 is 0.8 to 1.6 feet, with about a one-in-twenty chance it could exceed 2.0 feet and about a one-in-one hundred chance it could exceed 2.3 feet. Later this century, rates of sea-level rise increasingly depend on the future pathway of global emissions of greenhouse gases during the next sixty years. If emissions continue to grow well into the second half of the 21st century, the Likely range of sea-level rise experienced in Maryland is 2.0 to 4.2 feet over this century, two to four times the sea-level rise experienced during the 20th century. Moreover, there is a one-in-twenty chance that it could exceed 5.2 feet. If, on the other hand, global society were able to bring net greenhouse gas emissions to zero in time to meet the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement and reduce emissions sufficient to limit the increase in global mean temperature to less than 2°Celsius over pre-industrial levels, the Likely range for 2100 is 1.2 to 3.0 feet, with a one-in-twenty chance that it would exceed 3.7 feet. The difference in sea-level rise between these contrasting scenarios would diverge even more during the next century, with the failure to reduce emissions in the near term resulting in much greater sea-level rise 100 years from now. Moreover, recent research suggests that, without imminent and substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, the loss of polar ice sheets-and thus the rate of sea-level rise-may be more rapid than assumed in these projections, particularly under the Growing Emissions scenario. These probabilistic sea-level rise projections can and should be used in planning and regulation, infrastructure siting and design, estimation of changes in tidal range and storm surge, developing inundation mapping tools, and adaptation strategies for high-tide flooding and saltwater intrusion.

Published
2018

11. Balance of Active, Passive, and Anatomical Cardiac Properties in Doxorubicin-Induced Heart Failure

Author

Lewalle A, Land S, Merken JJ, Raafs A, Sepúlveda P, Heymans S, Kleinjans J, and Niederer SA

Abstract

Late-onset heart failure (HF) is a known side effect of doxorubicin chemotherapy. Typically, patients are diagnosed when already at an irreversible stage of HF, which allows few or no treatment options. Identifying the causes of compromised cardiac function in this patient group may improve early patient diagnosis and support treatment selection. To link doxorubicin-induced changes in cardiac cellular and tissue mechanical properties to overall cardiac function, we apply a multiscale biophysical biomechanics model of the heart to measure the plausibility of changes in model parameters representing the passive, active, or anatomical properties of the left ventricle for reproducing measured patient phenotypes. We create representative models of healthy controls (N= 10) and patients with HF induced by (N= 22) or unrelated to (N= 25) doxorubicin therapy. The model predicts that HF in the absence of doxorubicin is characterized by a 2- to 3-fold stiffness increase, decreased tension (0-20%), and ventricular dilation (of order 10-30%). HF due to doxorubicin was similar but showed stronger bias toward reduced active contraction (10-30%) and less dilation (0-20%). We find that changes in active, passive, and anatomical properties all play a role in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity phenotypes. Differences in parameter changes between patient groups areconsistent with doxorubicin cardiotoxicity having a greater dependence on reduced cellular contraction and less anatomical remodeling than HF not caused by doxorubicin.

Published
2019

16. TRANSFAC®: transcriptional regulation, from patterns to profiles

Author

Matys, V., Fricke, E., Geffers, R., Göling, E., Haubrock, M., Hehl, R., Hornischer, K., Karas, D., Kel, A. E., Kel-Margoulis, O. V., Kloos, D.-U., Land, S., Lewicki-Potapov, B., Michael, H., Münch, R., Reuter, I., Rotert, S., Saxel, H., Scheer, M., Thiele, S., and Wingender, E.

Published
2003

17. The effects of age and gender on sleep EEG power spectral density in the middle years of life (ages 20-60 years old)

Author

Carrier, J, Land, S, Buysse, D. J, Kupfer, D. J, and Monk, T. H

Subjects
Life Sciences (General)
Abstract

The effects of age and gender on sleep EEG power spectral density were assessed in a group of 100 subjects aged 20 to 60 years. We propose a new statistical strategy (mixed-model using fixed-knot regression splines) to analyze quantitative EEG measures. The effect of gender varied according to frequency, but no interactions emerged between age and gender, suggesting that the aging process does not differentially influence men and women. Women had higher power density than men in delta, theta, low alpha, and high spindle frequency range. The effect of age varied according to frequency and across the night. The decrease in power with age was not restricted to slow-wave activity, but also included theta and sigma activity. With increasing age, the attenuation over the night in power density between 1.25 and 8.00 Hz diminished, and the rise in power between 12.25 and 14.00 Hz across the night decreased. Increasing age was associated with higher power in the beta range. These results suggest that increasing age may be related to an attenuation of homeostatic sleep pressure and to an increase in cortical activation during sleep.

Published
2001
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18. Week 96 results of the randomized, multicentre Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study

Author

Pett, SL, Amin, J, Horban, A, Andrade-Villanueva, J, Losso, M, Porteiro, N, Madero, JS, Belloso, W, Tu, E, Silk, D, Kelleher, A, Harrigan, R, Clark, A, Sugiura, W, Wolff, M, Gill, J, Gatell, J, Clarke, A, Ruxrungtham, K, Prazuck, T, Kaiser, R, Woolley, I, Alberto Arnaiz, J, Cooper, D, Rockstroh, JK, Mallon, P, Emery, S, Fisher, M, Rockstroh, J, Stellbrink, J, Merlin, K, Yeung, J, Fsadni, B, Marks, K, Suzuki, K, Rismanto, N, Salomon, H, Rubio, AE, Chibo, D, Birch, C, Swenson, L, Chan, D, Berg, T, Obermeier, M, Schuelter, E, Aragon, SS, Luebke, N, Coughlan, S, Dean, J, Iwatani, Y, Teran, GR, Avila, S, Sirivichayakul, S, Naphassanant, M, Ubolyam, S, Kaye, S, Land, S, Walker, S, Haubrich, R, DeJesus, E, Berthon-Jones, N, Espinosa, N, Courtney-Vega, K, Absar, N, Haskelberg, H, Robson, R, Donaldson, A, Guelman, D, Gambardella, L, Valdovinos, M, Arnaiz, J, Beleta, H, Ramos, N, Targa, M, Späth, B, Boesecke, C, Engelhardt, A, Perry, N, Beckthold, B, Drummond, F, Lefevre, E, Corr, S, Grant, C, Lupo, S, Peroni, L, Sanchez, M, De Paz Sierra, M, Viloria, G, Parlante, A, Bissio, E, Luchetti, P, Confalonieri, V, Warley, E, Vieni, I, Vilas, C, Zarate, A, Mayer, G, Elliot, J, Hagenauer, M, Kelley, M, Pett, SL, Amin, J, Horban, A, Andrade-Villanueva, J, Losso, M, Porteiro, N, Madero, JS, Belloso, W, Tu, E, Silk, D, Kelleher, A, Harrigan, R, Clark, A, Sugiura, W, Wolff, M, Gill, J, Gatell, J, Clarke, A, Ruxrungtham, K, Prazuck, T, Kaiser, R, Woolley, I, Alberto Arnaiz, J, Cooper, D, Rockstroh, JK, Mallon, P, Emery, S, Fisher, M, Rockstroh, J, Stellbrink, J, Merlin, K, Yeung, J, Fsadni, B, Marks, K, Suzuki, K, Rismanto, N, Salomon, H, Rubio, AE, Chibo, D, Birch, C, Swenson, L, Chan, D, Berg, T, Obermeier, M, Schuelter, E, Aragon, SS, Luebke, N, Coughlan, S, Dean, J, Iwatani, Y, Teran, GR, Avila, S, Sirivichayakul, S, Naphassanant, M, Ubolyam, S, Kaye, S, Land, S, Walker, S, Haubrich, R, DeJesus, E, Berthon-Jones, N, Espinosa, N, Courtney-Vega, K, Absar, N, Haskelberg, H, Robson, R, Donaldson, A, Guelman, D, Gambardella, L, Valdovinos, M, Arnaiz, J, Beleta, H, Ramos, N, Targa, M, Späth, B, Boesecke, C, Engelhardt, A, Perry, N, Beckthold, B, Drummond, F, Lefevre, E, Corr, S, Grant, C, Lupo, S, Peroni, L, Sanchez, M, De Paz Sierra, M, Viloria, G, Parlante, A, Bissio, E, Luchetti, P, Confalonieri, V, Warley, E, Vieni, I, Vilas, C, Zarate, A, Mayer, G, Elliot, J, Hagenauer, M, and Kelley, M

Abstract

Objectives: The Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study week 48 data demonstrated that maraviroc, a chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) inhibitor, was a safe and effective switch for the ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) component of a two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor [N(t)RTI] plus PI/r-based antiretroviral regimen in patients with R5-tropic virus. Here we report the durability of this finding. Methods: MARCH, an international, multicentre, randomized, 96-week open-label switch study, enrolled HIV-1-infected adults with R5-tropic virus who were stable (> 24 weeks) and virologically suppressed [plasma viral load (pVL) < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL]. Participants were randomized to continue their current PI/r-based regimen (PI/r) or to switch to MVC plus two N(t)RTIs (MVC) (1:2 randomization). The primary endpoint was the difference in the proportion with pVL < 200 copies/mL at 96 weeks. The switch arm was defined as noninferior if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference was < −12% in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Safety endpoints (the difference in the mean change from baseline or a comparison of proportions) were analysed as key secondary endpoints. Results: Eighty-two (PI/r) and 156 (MVC) participants were randomized and included in the ITT analysis; 71 (87%) and 130 (83%) were in follow-up and on therapy at week 96. At week 96, 89.0% and 90.4% in the PI/r and MVC arms, respectively, had pVL < 50 copies/mL (95% CI -6.6, 10.2). Moreover, in those switching away from PI/r, there were significant reductions in mean total cholesterol (differences 0.31 mmol/L; P = 0.02) and triglycerides (difference 0.44 mmol/L; P < 0.001). Changes in CD4 T-cell count, renal function, and serious and nonserious adverse events were similar in the two arms. Conclusions: MVC as a switch for a PI/r is safe and effective at maintaining virological suppression while having significant lipid benefits over 96 weeks.

Published
2018

19. Week 96 results of the randomized, multicentre Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study.

Author

Beckthold B., Kaye S., Land S., Walker S., Haubrich R., DeJesus E., Berthon-Jones N., Espinosa N., Courtney-Vega K., Absar N., Haskelberg H., Robson R., Donaldson A., Guelman D., Tabrett C., Warzywoda E., MacRae K., Sinclair B., Sinn K., Bloch M., Franic T., Vincent T., Stewart N., Jayewardene A., Dwyer D., Kok J., Assam D., Taylor J., King P., Orth D., Youds D., Sowden D., Johnston C., Murray S., Hehir J., Wadham S., Donohue W., Thompson J., Garsia R., Turnham G., Madden T., Nvene J., Gillies A., Bryant M., Walmsley S., Chan W., LeBlanc R., Lanteigne F., Mouawad R., Rahal I., Guber S., Ozturk S., Smith G., Halpenny R., Reko T., Hills J.R., Allendes G., Hocqueloux F.L., Stephan C., Ebeling F., Spath B., Jensen B.-E.O., Feind C., Meyer-Olson D., Stoll M., Hoeper K., Beider R., Faetkenheur G., Thomas E., Baumgarten A., Ingiliz P., Wienbreyer A., Behrendt D., Nienkarken T., Jessen H., Zedlack C., Simelane S., Assmann J., Ghavami-Kia B., Imahashi M., Tanabe K., Yokomaku Y., Imamura J., de Oca M.M., Gonzalez L., Ponce D., Mendoza A., Sierra-Madero J., Hernandez J.E.S., Ballesteros E.J.R., del Moral Ponce S., Ignatowska A., Bakowska E., Pulik P., Sanz-Moreno J., Paredes R., Puig J., Domingo P., Gutierrez M., Gonzalez-Cordon A., Callau P., Aldeguer J.L., Tovar S.C., Noval M.L., Rivas I., Delgado-Fernandez M., Arribas J.R., Castro J.M., Avihingsanon A., Maek-a-nantawat W., Intasan J., Charoenporn W., Cuprasitrut T., Jaisomkom P., Pruksakaew K., Winston A., Mullaney S., Barbour L., Richardson C., Fox J., Murray T., Teague A., Leen C., Morris S., Satyajit D., Sandhu R., Tucker J., Pett S., Amin J., Horban A., Andrade-Villanueva J., Losso M., Porteiro N., Madero J.S., Belloso W., Tu E., Silk D., Kelleher A., Harrigan R., Clark A., Sugiura W., Wolff M.J., Gill J., Gatell J., Clarke A., Ruxrungtham K., Prazuck T., Kaiser R., Woolley I., Alberto Arnaiz J., Cooper D., Rockstroh J.K., Mallon P., Emery S., Fisher M., Rockstroh J., Stellbrink J., Merlin K., Yeung J., Fsadni B., Marks K., Suzuki K., Rismanto N., Salomon H., Rubio A.E., Chibo D., Birch C., Swenson L., Chan D., Berg T., Obermeier M., Schuelter E., Aragon S.S., Luebke N., Coughlan S., Dean J., Iwatani Y., Teran G.R., Avila S., Sirivichayakul S., Naphassanant M., Ubolyam S., Gambardella L., Valdovinos M., Arnaiz J., Beleta H., Ramos N., Targa M., Boesecke C., Engelhardt A., Perry N., Drummond F., Lefevre E., Corr S., Grant C., Lupo S., Peroni L., Sanchez M., De Paz Sierra M., Viloria G., Parlante A., Bissio E., Luchetti P., Confalonieri V., Warley E., Vieni I., Vilas C., Zarate A., Mayer G., Elliot J., Hagenauer M., Kelley M., Rowling D., Gibson A., Latch N., Beckthold B., Kaye S., Land S., Walker S., Haubrich R., DeJesus E., Berthon-Jones N., Espinosa N., Courtney-Vega K., Absar N., Haskelberg H., Robson R., Donaldson A., Guelman D., Tabrett C., Warzywoda E., MacRae K., Sinclair B., Sinn K., Bloch M., Franic T., Vincent T., Stewart N., Jayewardene A., Dwyer D., Kok J., Assam D., Taylor J., King P., Orth D., Youds D., Sowden D., Johnston C., Murray S., Hehir J., Wadham S., Donohue W., Thompson J., Garsia R., Turnham G., Madden T., Nvene J., Gillies A., Bryant M., Walmsley S., Chan W., LeBlanc R., Lanteigne F., Mouawad R., Rahal I., Guber S., Ozturk S., Smith G., Halpenny R., Reko T., Hills J.R., Allendes G., Hocqueloux F.L., Stephan C., Ebeling F., Spath B., Jensen B.-E.O., Feind C., Meyer-Olson D., Stoll M., Hoeper K., Beider R., Faetkenheur G., Thomas E., Baumgarten A., Ingiliz P., Wienbreyer A., Behrendt D., Nienkarken T., Jessen H., Zedlack C., Simelane S., Assmann J., Ghavami-Kia B., Imahashi M., Tanabe K., Yokomaku Y., Imamura J., de Oca M.M., Gonzalez L., Ponce D., Mendoza A., Sierra-Madero J., Hernandez J.E.S., Ballesteros E.J.R., del Moral Ponce S., Ignatowska A., Bakowska E., Pulik P., Sanz-Moreno J., Paredes R., Puig J., Domingo P., Gutierrez M., Gonzalez-Cordon A., Callau P., Aldeguer J.L., Tovar S.C., Noval M.L., Rivas I., Delgado-Fernandez M., Arribas J.R., Castro J.M., Avihingsanon A., Maek-a-nantawat W., Intasan J., Charoenporn W., Cuprasitrut T., Jaisomkom P., Pruksakaew K., Winston A., Mullaney S., Barbour L., Richardson C., Fox J., Murray T., Teague A., Leen C., Morris S., Satyajit D., Sandhu R., Tucker J., Pett S., Amin J., Horban A., Andrade-Villanueva J., Losso M., Porteiro N., Madero J.S., Belloso W., Tu E., Silk D., Kelleher A., Harrigan R., Clark A., Sugiura W., Wolff M.J., Gill J., Gatell J., Clarke A., Ruxrungtham K., Prazuck T., Kaiser R., Woolley I., Alberto Arnaiz J., Cooper D., Rockstroh J.K., Mallon P., Emery S., Fisher M., Rockstroh J., Stellbrink J., Merlin K., Yeung J., Fsadni B., Marks K., Suzuki K., Rismanto N., Salomon H., Rubio A.E., Chibo D., Birch C., Swenson L., Chan D., Berg T., Obermeier M., Schuelter E., Aragon S.S., Luebke N., Coughlan S., Dean J., Iwatani Y., Teran G.R., Avila S., Sirivichayakul S., Naphassanant M., Ubolyam S., Gambardella L., Valdovinos M., Arnaiz J., Beleta H., Ramos N., Targa M., Boesecke C., Engelhardt A., Perry N., Drummond F., Lefevre E., Corr S., Grant C., Lupo S., Peroni L., Sanchez M., De Paz Sierra M., Viloria G., Parlante A., Bissio E., Luchetti P., Confalonieri V., Warley E., Vieni I., Vilas C., Zarate A., Mayer G., Elliot J., Hagenauer M., Kelley M., Rowling D., Gibson A., and Latch N.

Abstract

Objectives: The Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study week 48 data demonstrated that maraviroc, a chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) inhibitor, was a safe and effective switch for the ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) component of a two nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor [N(t)RTI] plus PI/r-based antiretroviral regimen in patients with R5-tropic virus. Here we report the durability of this finding. Method(s): MARCH, an international, multicentre, randomized, 96-week open-label switch study, enrolled HIV-1-infected adults with R5-tropic virus who were stable (> 24 weeks) and virologically suppressed [plasma viral load (pVL) < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL]. Participants were randomized to continue their current PI/r-based regimen (PI/r) or to switch to MVC plus two N(t)RTIs (MVC) (1:2 randomization). The primary endpoint was the difference in the proportion with pVL < 200 copies/mL at 96 weeks. The switch arm was defined as noninferior if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference was < -12% in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Safety endpoints (the difference in the mean change from baseline or a comparison of proportions) were analysed as key secondary endpoints. Result(s): Eighty-two (PI/r) and 156 (MVC) participants were randomized and included in the ITT analysis; 71 (87%) and 130 (83%) were in follow-up and on therapy at week 96. At week 96, 89.0% and 90.4% in the PI/r and MVC arms, respectively, had pVL < 50 copies/mL (95% CI -6.6, 10.2). Moreover, in those switching away from PI/r, there were significant reductions in mean total cholesterol (differences 0.31 mmol/L; P = 0.02) and triglycerides (difference 0.44 mmol/L; P < 0.001). Changes in CD4 T-cell count, renal function, and serious and nonserious adverse events were similar in the two arms. Conclusion(s): MVC as a switch for a PI/r is safe and effective at maintaining virological suppression while having significant lipid benefits over 96 weeks.Copyright © 2017 British H

Published
2017

20. An integrative framework for computational modelling of cardiac electromechanics in the mouse

Author

Land, S and Smith, N

Subjects
Biology and other natural sciences (mathematics), Physiology and anatomy, Biophysics
Abstract

This thesis describes the development of a framework for computational modelling of electromechanics in the mouse, with the purpose of being able to integrate cellular and tissue scale observations in the mouse and investigate physiological hypotheses. Specifically, the framework is applied to interpret electromechanical coupling mechanisms and the progression of heart failure in genetically modified mice. Chapter 1 introduces the field of computational biology and provides context for the topics to be investigated. Chapter 2 reviews the biological background and mathematical bases for electromechanical models, as well as their limitations. In Chapter 3, a set of efficient computational methods for coupled cardiac electromechanics was developed. Among these are a modified Newton method combined with a solution predictor which achieves a 98% reduction in computational time for mechanics problems. In Chapter 4, this computational framework is extended to a multiscale electromechanical model of the mouse. This electromechanical model includes our novel cardiac cellular contraction model for mice, which is able to reproduce murine contraction dynamics at body temperature and high pacing frequencies, and provides a novel explanation for the biphasic force-calcium relation seen in cardiac myocytes. Furthermore, our electromechanical model of the left ventricle of the mouse makes novel predictions on the importance of strong velocity-dependent coupling mechanisms in generating a plateau phase of ventricular pressure transients during ejection. In Chapter 5, the framework was applied to investigate the progression of heart failure in genetically modified 'Serca2 knockout' mice, which have a major disruption in mechanisms governing calcium regulation in cardiac myocytes. Our modelling framework was instrumental in showing for the first time the incompatibility between previously measured cellular calcium transients and ventricular ejection. We were then able to integrate new experimental data collected in response to these observations to show the importance of beta-adrenergic stimulation in the progression of heart failure in these knockout mice. Chapter 6 presents the conclusions and discusses possibilities for future work.

Published
2016

22. To shave or not to shave?

Author

van der Land, S., Muntinga, D.G., Nah, F.F.-H., and Persuasive Communication (ASCoR, FMG)

Abstract

This study explores whether wearing a beard in a LinkedIn profile picture affects a candidate’s prospects of being invited for a job interview and whether this is contingent on the type of job vacancy. Based on Ohanian’s (1990) three sub dimensions of credibility, three different job vacancies were constructed: (1) architect for an expertise-job, (2) back cashier officer for a trustworthiness-job, and (3) sales representative for an attractiveness-job. Results of a 2 (candidate: beard versus no beard) x 3 (job type: expertise, trustworthiness, attractiveness) experiment conducted among 216 participants show that bearded candidates are perceived as having more expertise than cleanshaven candidates. Moreover, a candidate’s perceived expertise is a significant predictor of the intention to invite the candidate for a job interview. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Published
2014

23. Barriers to HIV testing and characteristics associated with never testing among gay and bisexual men attending sexual health clinics in Sydney

Author

Conway, DP, Holt, M, Couldwell, DL, Smith, DE, Davies, SC, McNulty, A, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Guy, R, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Leeman, C, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, Land, S, Rawlinson, W, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, M, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, Fernando, S, Fulton, R, Conway, DP, Holt, M, Couldwell, DL, Smith, DE, Davies, SC, McNulty, A, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Guy, R, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Leeman, C, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, Land, S, Rawlinson, W, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, M, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, Fernando, S, and Fulton, R

Abstract

Introduction: HIV diagnoses among gay and bisexual men have increased over the past decade in Australia. HIV point-of-care testing (POCT) was introduced in Australia in 2011 as a strategy to increase HIV testing by making the testing process more convenient. We surveyed gay and bisexual men undergoing POCT to assess barriers to HIV testing and characteristics associated with not having previously tested for HIV (never testing). Methods: During 2011 and 2012, gay and bisexual men who were undergoing POCT at four Sydney sexual health clinics self-completed questionnaires assessing testing history and psychological and structural barriers to HIV testing. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between patient characteristics and never testing. Results: Of 1093 participants, 981 (89.9%) reported ever testing for HIV and 110 (10.1%) never testing. At least one barrier to testing was reported by 1046 men (95.7%), with only 47 men (4.3%) not reporting any barrier to testing. The most commonly reported barriers to testing were annoyance at having to return for results (30.2%), not having done anything risky (29.6%), stress in waiting for results (28.4%), being afraid of testing positive (27.5%) and having tested recently (23.2%). Never testing was independently associated with being non-gay-identified (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.2), being aged less than 25 years (AOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.6-3.8), living in a suburb with few gay couples (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.0), being afraid of testing HIV-positive (AOR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0-2.4), not knowing where to test (AOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 1.3-11.2) and reporting one or no sexual partners in the last six months (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2-6.2). Conclusions: Barriers to HIV testing were commonly reported among the clinic-based gay and bisexual men in this study. Our findings suggest further health promotion and prevention strategies are needed to address the knowledge, atti

Published
2015

24. Effect of testing experience and profession on provider acceptability of rapid HIV testing after implementation in public sexual health clinics in Sydney

Author

Conway, DP, Guy, R, Mcnulty, A, Couldwell, DL, Davies, SC, Smith, DE, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Holt, M, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Rawlinson, WR, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, WM, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, St Leonards, A, Fernando, S, Fulton, R, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, Land, S, Conway, DP, Guy, R, Mcnulty, A, Couldwell, DL, Davies, SC, Smith, DE, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Holt, M, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Rawlinson, WR, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, WM, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, St Leonards, A, Fernando, S, Fulton, R, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, and Land, S

Abstract

Objectives: Rapid HIV testing (RHT) is well established in many countries, but it is new in Australia since a policy change in 2011. We assessed service provider acceptability of RHT before and after its implementation in four Sydney public sexual health clinics. Methods: Service providers were surveyed immediately after training in RHT and again 6-12 months later. Differences in mean scores between survey rounds were assessed via t-tests, with stratification by profession and the number of tests performed. Results: RHT was rated as highly acceptable among staff at baseline and acceptability scores improved between survey rounds. Belief in being sufficiently skilled and experienced to perform RHT (P=0.004) and confidence in the delivery of nonreactive results increased (P=0.007), while the belief that RHT was disruptive declined (P=0.001). Acceptability was higher for staff who had performed a greater number of tests regarding comfort with their role in RHT (P=0.004) and belief that patients were satisfied with RHT (P=0.007). Compared with nurses, doctors had a stronger preference for a faster rapid test (P=0.027) and were more likely to agree that RHT interfered with consultations (P=0.014). Conclusions: Differences in responses between professions may reflect differences in staff roles, the type of patients seen by staff and the model of testing used, all of which may affect the number of tests performed by staff. These findings may inform planning for how best to implement RHT in clinical services.

Published
2015

25. Rapid HIV testing is highly acceptable and preferred among high-risk gay and bisexual men after implementation in Sydney sexual health clinics

Author

Conway, DP, Guy, R, Davies, SC, Couldwell, DL, McNulty, A, Smith, DE, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Holt, M, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Rawlinson, W, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, M, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, Fernando, S, Fulton, R, Leeman, C, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, Land, S, Conway, DP, Guy, R, Davies, SC, Couldwell, DL, McNulty, A, Smith, DE, Keen, P, Cunningham, P, Holt, M, Lockwood, T, Wright, S, Biggs, K, Townsend, J, Price, A, Smith, M, Koh, A, Florance, M, Rawlinson, W, Robertson, P, Fennell, M, O'Sullivan, M, Kapitanos, I, Dickeson, D, Fernando, S, Fulton, R, Leeman, C, McNally, L, Wilson, K, Best, S, Vincini, J, and Land, S

Abstract

Background: Rapid HIV testing (RHT) is well established in many countries, but it is new in Australia. We assessed the acceptability of RHT and its associations among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) after implementation of RHT in Sydney sexual health clinics. Methods: GBM were invited to complete an acceptability questionnaire before and after provision of the result of finger-prick blood RHT, comparing their experience of RHT with conventional HIV testing (CHT) involving venipuncture. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between patient characteristics and the preference for RHT over CHT next time they tested for HIV. Results: Of 1061 GBM who received non-reactive RHT results, 59% found RHT less stressful than CHT and 34% reported no difference, and 61% found RHT more comfortable than CHT and 26% reported no difference. Nearly all men were satisfied with RHT result delivery (99%) and the RHT process overall (99%). Most men (79%) preferred RHT for their next HIV test and this preference was stronger in men who were aged 35-44 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.49, p<0.01), reported they would test more often if RHT was available (AOR 1.66, p=0.01), found returning for results annoying (AOR 1.67, p=0.01), and found RHT less stressful (AOR 2.37, p<0.01) and more comfortable (AOR 1.62, p=0.02) than CHT. Men concerned about the reliability of RHT were less than half as likely to prefer RHT for their next HIV test (AOR 0.44, p<0.01). Conclusions: Most GBM preferred RHT to CHT next time and this preference was associated with finding RHT more convenient, more comfortable and less stressful than CHT. These findings suggest that in a clinic setting RHT should be considered to improve the patient experience and may potentially increase uptake and frequency of HIV testing.

Published
2015

26. An automatic service for the personalization of ventricular cardiac meshes

Author

Lamata de la Orden, Pablo, Sinclair, M., Kerfoot, E., Lee, A., Crozier, A., Blazevic, B., Land, S., Lewandowski, A. J., Barber, D., Niederer, S., and Smith, N.

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION
Abstract

Computational cardiac physiology has great potential to improve the management of cardiovascular diseases. One of the main bottlenecks in this field is the customization of the computational model to the anatomical and physiological status of the patient. We present a fully automatic service for the geometrical personalization of cardiac ventricular meshes with high-order interpolation from segmented images. The method is versatile (able to work with different species and disease conditions) and robust (fully automatic results fulfilling accuracy and quality requirements in 87% of 255 cases). Results also illustrate the capability to minimize the impact of segmentation errors, to overcome the sparse resolution of dynamic studies and to remove the sometimes unnecessary anatomical detail of papillary and trabecular structures. The smooth meshes produced can be used to simulate cardiac function, and in particular mechanics, or can be used as diagnostic descriptors of anatomical shape by cardiologists. This fully automatic service is deployed in a cloud infrastructure, and has been made available and accessible to the scientific community.

Published
2013
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27. Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome is a novel ciliopathy

Author

Luijten, M. N. H., Basten, S. G., Claessens, T., Vernooij, M., Scott, C. L., Janssen, R., Easton, J. A., Kamps, M. A. F., Vreeburg, M., Broers, J. L. V., van Geel, M., Menko, F. H., Harbottle, R. P., Nookala, R. K., Tee, A. R., Land, S. C., Giles, R. H., Coull, B. J., van Steensel, M. A. M., Human genetics, and CCA - Innovative therapy

Published
2013
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28. Thrombin-receptor antagonist vorapaxar in acute coronary syndromes

Author

Tricoci, P, Huang, Z, Held, C, Moliterno, Dj, Armstrong, Pw, Van de Werf, F, White, Hd, Aylward, Pe, Wallentin, L, Chen, E, Lokhnygina, Y, Pei, J, Leonardi, S, Rorick, Tl, Kilian, Am, Jennings, Lh, Ambrosio, G, Bode, C, Cequier, A, Cornel, Jh, Diaz, R, Erkan, A, Huber, K, Hudson, Mp, Jiang, L, Jukema, Jw, Lewis, Bs, Lincoff, Am, Montalescot, G, Nicolau, Jc, Ogawa, H, Pfisterer, M, Prieto, Jc, Ruzyllo, W, Sinnaeve, Pr, Storey, Rf, Valgimigli, M, Whellan, Dj, Widimsky, P, Strony, J, Harrington, Ra, Mahaffey, Kw, Huo, Y, Lixin, J, Isaza, D, Grande, P, Laine, M, Wong, L, Ofner, P, Yamaguchi, T, Park, Sj, Nordrehaug, Je, Providencia, L, Cheem, Th, Dalby, A, Betriu, A, Chen, Mf, Verheugt, F, Frye, Rl, Hochman, J, Steg, Pg, Bailey, Kr, Easton, Jd, Lincoff, A, Underwood, Fd, Wrestler, J, Larson, D, Vandyne, B, Kilian, A, Harmelin-Kadouri, R, Layton, L, Lipka, L, Petrauskas, S, Qidwai, M, Sorochuck, C, Temple, T, Mason, D, Sydlowski, D, Gallagher, B, Villasin, A, Beernaert, A, Douglas, S, Garrett, J, Wiering, J, Adriaenssens, T, Ganame, J, Hulselmans, M, Katz, Jn, Kayaert, P, La Gerche, A, Onsea, K, Zalewski, J, Johnson, A, O'Briant, J, Smith, M, Akerblom, A, Armaganijan, L, Bertolami, A, Brennan, M, da Ponte Nacif SA, de Campos Gonzaga, C, Dequadros, A, Déry, Jp, Dev, S, Ducrocq, G, Eapen, Zp, Echenique, L, Eggers, K, Garcia, H, Guimaraes, Hp, Hagstrom, E, Hanet, C, James, S, Jonelid, B, Kolls, Bj, Leiria, T, Leite, R, Lombardi, C, Lopes, Rd, Malagutti, P, Mathews, R, Mehta, Rh, Melloni, C, Piccini, Jp, Rodriques Soares, P, Roe, Mt, Shah, Br, Stashenko, G, Szczech, La, Truffa, A, Varenhorst, C, Vranckx, P, Williams, J, Kilaru, R, White, Ja, Binkowitz, B, He, W, Ramos, Ms, Hasbani, E, Farras, Ha, Luz del Valle, L, Zapata, G, Centeno, Ep, Hominal, M, Beloscar, J, Panno, M, Berli, M, Carlevaro, O, Wasserman, T, Lembo, L, Diez, F, Bettinotti, M, Allall, O, Macin, S, Hii, C, Bett, N, Aroney, C, Roberts-Thomson, P, Arstall, M, Horowitz, J, Prasan, A, Farshid, A, Rankin, J, Duffy, S, Sinhal, A, Hendricks, R, Waites, J, Hill, A, French, J, Adams, M, Soward, A, Dick, R, Jepson, N, Nelson, G, Thompson, P, Neunteufl, T, Pachinger, O, Leisch, F, Siostrzonek, P, Roithinger, F, Pieske, B, Weber, H, Eber, B, Zenker, G, Sinnaeve, P, Roosen, J, Vervoort, G, Coussement, P, Striekwold, H, Boland, J, Van Dorpe, A, Dujardin, K, Mertens, D, Vanneste, L, Celen, H, Lesseliers, H, Vrolix, M, Leone, A, De Maeseneire, S, Hellemans, S, Silva, Fa, Franken, M, Moraes JB Jr, Mora, R, Michalaros, Y, Perin, M, Guimaraes, Ae, da Silva DG, Mattos, Ma, Alves AR Jr, Hernandes, Me, Golin, V, da Silva SA, Ardito, W, Dery, Jp, Mukherjee, A, Tanguay, Jf, Kornder, J, Lutchmedial, S, Degrace, M, Klinke, P, Constance, C, Nogareda, G, Wong, G, Macdonald, P, Senaratne, M, Rupka, D, Halperin, F, Ramanathan, K, Natarajan, M, Lai, C, Brossoit, R, Tymchak, W, Rose, B, Dupuis, R, Mansour, S, Bata, I, Zadra, R, Turek, M, Madan, M, Le May, M, Leon, L, Perez, L, Yovaniniz, P, Pedemonte, O, Campos, P, Pincetti, C, Sepulveda, P, Li, W, Zhao, R, Li, Z, Yang, Y, Chen, J, Li, H, Jiang, Y, Li, D, Qu, P, Sun, Y, Zheng, Y, Zhou, C, Zhang, F, Wei, M, Wang, D, Lemus, J, Fernandez, Rl, Jaramillo, C, Ochoa, J, Velez, S, Cano, N, Lutz, J, Botero, R, Jaramillo, M, Saaib, J, Sanchez, G, Hernandez, H, Mendoza, F, Rizcala, A, Urina, M, Polasek, R, Motovska, Z, Zemanek, D, Ostransky, J, Kettner, J, Spinar, J, Groch, L, Ramik, C, Stumar, J, Linhart, A, Pleva, L, Niedobova, E, Macha, J, Vojacek, J, Stipal, R, Galatius, S, Eggert, S, Mickley, H, Egstrup, K, Pedersen, O, Hvilsted, L, Sykulski, R, Skagen, K, Dodt, K, Klarlund, K, Husted, S, Jensen, G, Melchior, T, Sjoel, A, Steffensen, Fh, Airaksinen, Ke, Laukkanen, Ja, Syvanne, Ms, Kotila, Mj, Mikael, K, Naveri, Hk, Hekkala, Am, Mustonen, Jn, Halkosaari, M, Ohlmann, P, Khalife, K, Dibon, O, Hirsch, Jl, Furber, A, Nguyen-Khac, Jo, Delarche, N, Probst, V, Lim, P, Bayet, G, Dauphin, R, Levai, L, Galinier, M, Belhassane, A, Wiedemann, Jy, Fouche, R, Coisne, D, Henry, P, Schiele, F, Boueri, Z, Vaquette, B, Davy, Jm, Cottin, Y, D'Houdain, F, Danchin, N, Cassat, C, Messner, P, Elbaz, M, Coste, P, Zemour, G, Maupas, E, Feldman, L, Soto, Fx, Ferrari, E, Haltern, G, Heuer, H, Genth-Zotz, S, Loges, C, Stellbrink, C, Terres, W, Ferrar, M, Zeymer, U, Brachmann, J, Mudra, H, Vohringer, Hf, vom Dah, J, Kreuzer, J, Hill, S, Kleinertz, K, Kadel, C, Appel, Kf, Nienabe, C, Behrens, S, Frantz, S, Mehrhof, F, Krings, P, Hengstenberg, C, Lueders, S, Hanefel, C, Krulls-Munch, J, Dorse, T, Leschke, M, Nogai, K, Butter, C, Darius, H, Fichtlscherer, Hp, Schmitt, C, Kasisk, Hp, Dorr, M, Fran, N, Jereczek, M, Wiemer, M, Nickenig, G, Boudriot, E, Werner, G, Altila, T, Strasser, R, Baldus, S, Desaga, M, Buerke, M, Land, S, Schunkert, H, Schulze, Ho, Holmer, S, Sohn, Hy, Burkhardt, W, Lauer, B, Schwimmbeck, P, Schoeller, R, Lapp, H, Gross, M, Kindermann, I, Schuster, P, Yu, Cm, Lee, S, Merkely, B, Apro, D, Lupkovics, G, Edes, I, Ungi, I, Piroth, Z, Csapo, K, Dezsi, Ca, Herczeg, B, Sereg, M, Butnaru, A, Lewis, B, Rosenschein, U, Mosseri, M, Turgeman, Y, Pollak, A, Shotan, A, Hammerman, H, Rozenman, Y, Gottlieb, S, Atar, S, Weiss, A, Marmor, A, Iakobishvili, Z, Mascia, F, De Cesare, N, Piovaccari, G, Ceravolo, R, Fiscella, A, Salvioni, A, Silvestri, O, Moretti, L, Severi, S, Carmina, Mg, De Caterina, R, Fattore, L, Terrosu, P, Trimarco, B, Ardissino, D, Uguccioni, L, Auguadro, C, Gregorio, G, De Ferrari, G, Testa, R, Evola, R, De Servi, S, Sganzerla, P, Vassanelli, C, Brunelli, C, Scherillo, M, Tamburino, C, Limido, A, Luzza, F, Percoco, Gf, Sinagra, G, Volpe, M, Crea, F, Fedele, F, Rasetti, G, Cinelli, F, Merlini, P, Sisto, F, Biancoli, S, Fresco, C, Corrada, E, Casolo, G, Santini, M, D'Alessandro, B, Antoniucci, D, Tuccillo, B, Assennato, P, Puccioni, E, Pasquetto, G, Perna, Gp, Morgagni, G, Takizawa, K, Kato, K, Oshima, S, Yagi, M, Asai, T, Kamiya, H, Hirokami, M, Sakota, S, Sueyoshi, A, Shimomura, H, Hashimoto, T, Miyahara, M, Matsumura, T, Nakao, K, Kakuta, T, Nakamura, S, Nishi, Y, Kawajiri, K, Nagai, Y, Takahashi, A, Ikari, Y, Hara, K, Koga, T, Fujii, K, Tobaru, T, Tsunoda, R, Uchiyama, T, Hirayama, H, Fujimoto, K, Sakurai, S, Tanigawa, T, Ohno, M, Yamamoto, E, Ikuta, S, Kato, A, Kikuta, K, Takami, A, Chong, Wp, Ong, Tk, Yusof, A, Maskon, O, Kahar, A, Breedveld, Rw, Bendermacher, Pe, Hamer, Bj, Oude Ophuis AJ, Nierop, Pr, Westendorp, Ic, Beijerbacht, Hp, Herrman, Jp, van 't Hof AW, Troquay, Rp, van der Meer, P, Peters, Rh, van Rossum, P, Liem, A, Pieterse, Mg, van Eck JW, van der Zwaan, C, Pasupati, S, Elliott, J, Tisch, J, Hart, H, Luke, R, Scott, D, Ternouth, I, White, H, Hamer, A, Harding, S, Wilkins, G, O'Meeghan, T, Harrison, N, Nilsen, D, Thalamus, J, Aaberge, L, Brunvand, H, Lutterbey, G, Omland, Tm, Eritsland, J, Wiseth, R, Aase, O, Campos, C, Horna, M, Toce, L, Salazar, M, Przewlocki, T, Ponikowski, P, Kasprzak, J, Kopaczewski, J, Musial, W, Mazurek, W, Kawecka-Jaszcz, K, Pluta, W, Dobrzycki, S, Loboz-Grudzien, K, Lewczuk, J, Karwowski, D, Grajek, S, Dudek, D, Trusz-Gluza, M, Kornacewicz-Jach, Z, Gil, R, Ferreira, J, Gavina, C, Ferreira, R, Martins, D, Garcia-Rinaldi, R, Ufret, R, Vazquez-Tanus, J, Banchs, H, Wong, A, Tan, Hc, Guerra, M, Ebrahim, I, Roux, J, Blomerus, P, Saaiman, A, Corbett, C, Pillay, T, Freeman, V, Horak, A, Zambakides, C, Burgess, L, Yoon, Jh, Ahn, Th, Gwon, Hc, Seong, Iw, Kim, Hs, Jeong, Mh, Kim, Yd, Chae, Sc, Hernandez, Jm, Pique, M, Fernandez Portales, J, Paz, Ma, Lopez Palop, R, Iniguez, A, Diaz Fernandez, J, Alvarez, P, Sanz, E, Heras, M, Sala, J, Goicolea, J, Cruz Fernandez, J, Serra, A, Fernandez Ortiz, A, Calle, G, Barriales, V, Albarran, A, Curos, A, Molano Casimiro FJ, Suarez, Ma, Franco, Sn, Bayon, J, Suarez, J, Belchi, J, Moreu, J, San Martin, M, Melgares Moreno, R, Aguirre Salcedo, J, Gonzalez Juanatey JR, Martinez Romero, P, Galache Osuna JG, Albertsson, P, Diderholm, E, Lycksell, M, Rasmanis, G, Swahn, E, Cherfan, P, Christensen, K, Lundman, P, Larson, Le, Vasko, P, Pripp, Cm, Johansson, A, Moccetti, T, Corti, R, Pieper, M, Mach, F, Eberli, F, Jeger, R, Rickli, H, Vogt, P, Windecker, S, Wu, Cj, Kao, Hl, Charng, Mj, Chang, Kc, Chen, Zc, Tsa, Cd, Shyu, Kg, Lai, Wt, Hsieh, Ic, Hou, Jy, Yeh, Hi, Ueng, Kc, Yin, Wh, Timurkaynak, T, Yigit, Z, Yilmaz, M, Boyaci, A, Sahin, M, Goktekin, O, Bozkurt, E, Ercan, E, Yildirir, A, Muthusamy, R, Keeling, P, Levy, T, Zaman, A, Cohen, A, Gorog, D, Baumbach, A, Oldroyd, K, Kadr, H, Tait, G, Bellenger, N, Davis, G, Shakespeare, C, Senior, R, Bruce, D, Uren, N, Trouton, T, Ahsan, A, Hamed, A, Malik, I, Sarma, J, Millar-Craig, M, Robson, H, Kennon, S, Sprigings, D, Brodie, B, Kang, Gs, Thomas, G, Cheng, Sc, Espinoza, A, Kassas, S, Jafar, Z, Kumar, P, Izzo, M, Wiseman, A, Chandna, H, Felten, W, D'Urso, M, Gudipati, Cr, Coram, R, Gill, S, Bengtson, J, Chang, M, Raisinghani, A, Blankenship, J, Harbor, Wf, Kraft, P, Ashraf, R, Chambers, J, Albirini, A, Malik, A, Ziada, K, Slepian, M, Taussig, A, Vernon, H, Jetty, P, Islam, Ma, Canaday, D, Martin, T, Burchenal, Jj, Gencheff, N, Nygaard, T, Panchal, V, Merritt, R, Abrahams, L, Lambert, C, Reyes, P, Leimbach, W, Chhabra, A, Caputo, R, Imburgia, M, Erickson, B, Kleiman, N, Hunter, J, Dehning, M, Graham, B, Strain, J, White, Jk, Mcgarvey, J Jr, Henderson, D, Treasure, C 2nd, Mirro, M, Pancholy, S, Helmy, T, Westerhausen, D, Dib, N, Penny, W, Kim, H, Degregorio, M, Jay, D, Kmonicek, J, Berlowitz, M, Starling, M, Langevin, E, Nelson, R, Singer, A, Siachos, A, Gibson, G, Parrott, C, Held, J, Puleo, P, Wolford, T, Omar, B, Brilakis, E, Lewis, S, Heller, L, Brener, S, Addo, T, Lieberman, S, Eisenberg, D, Feldman, R, Waksman, R, Waltman, J, Schulman, S, Bounds, C, Voyce, S, Batchelor, W, Dobies, D, Pasnoori, V, Chandrashekhar, Y, Vetrovec, G, Azrin, M, Spriggs, D, Hirsch, C, Smucker, M, Chetcuti, S, Stella, R, Levite, H, Shoukfeh, M, Vidovich, M, Saucedo, J, Fintel, D, Low, R, Gellman, J, Ahsan, C, Unks, Dm, Tolleson, T, Ceccoli, H, Aggarwal, K, Bhaktaram, V, Olson, C, Decaro, M, Kaluski, E, Mehta, V, Puma, J, Singh, V, Fulmer, J, Lewis, D, Khadra, S, Staniloae, C, East, M, Sundram, Ps, Anderson, J, Wasserman, H, Guy, D, Brill, D, Kruse, K, Ebrahimi, R, Nguyen, T, Keating, F, Srivastava, R, Wassmer, P, Todd, J 3rd, Stein, M, Hamzeh, I, Laxson, D, Hodson, R, Puri, S, Vijayaraghavan, K, Gazmuri, R, Chu, A, Vijay, N, Rabinowitz, A, Block, T, Agarwal, H, Martin, J, Zetterlund, P, Fortuin, D, Macdonell, A 3rd, Zouzoulas, S, Chepuri, V, Schmalfuss, C, Karve, M, Aviles, R, Lieberman, E, Amlani, M, Murphy, S, Shapiro, T, Herzog, E, Ariani, K, Bhagwat, R, Hockstad, E, Kai, W, Saririan, M, Roth, R, Weiland, F, Atassi, K, Harjai, K, Muhlestein, J, Marsh, R, Shokooh, S, Nahhas, A, Labroo, A, Mayor, M, Koshy, S, Tariq, M, Rayos, G, Jones, S, Klugherz, B, Dewey, R, Rashid, Hu, Wohns, D, Feiring, A, Bowles, M, Rohrbeck, S, Monroe, Vs, De Gottlieb, A, Gumm, D, Brown, C 3rd, Chang, D, Kalaria, V, Minisi, A, Joumaa, M, Josephson, R, Kleczka, J, Silver, K, Coleman, P, Brachfeld, C, Saltiel, F, Reiner, J, Carell, E, Hanovich, G, Rosenberg, M, Das, G, Blick, D, and Universitat de Barcelona

Subjects
Male, Pyridines, medicine.medical_treatment, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, law.invention, Lactones, Randomized controlled trial, law, Thrombin receptor antagonist, clopidogrel, placebo, thienopyridine derivative, vorapaxar, antithrombocytic agent, lactone, proteinase activated receptor 1, pyridine derivative, Coronary Artery Bypass, Vorapaxar, Cardiovascular diseases [NCEBP 14], Drugs, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Cardiovascular diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Platelet aggregation inhibitor, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Plaquetes sanguínies, Intracranial Hemorrhages, Major bleeding, Medicaments, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Bypass cardiopulmonary, Hemorrhage, Pharmacotherapy, Blood platelets, Double-Blind Method, Angioplasty, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Receptor, PAR-1, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Aged, business.industry, Malalties cardiovasculars, medicine.disease, Surgery, Bypass cardiopulmonar, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Vorapaxar is a new oral protease-activated-receptor 1 (PAR-1) antagonist that inhibits thrombin-induced platelet activation. METHODS: In this multinational, double-blind, randomized trial, we compared vorapaxar with placebo in 12,944 patients who had acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. The primary end point was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, stroke, recurrent ischemia with rehospitalization, or urgent coronary revascularization. RESULTS: Follow-up in the trial was terminated early after a safety review. After a median follow-up of 502 days (interquartile range, 349 to 667), the primary end point occurred in 1031 of 6473 patients receiving vorapaxar versus 1102 of 6471 patients receiving placebo (Kaplan-Meier 2-year rate, 18.5% vs. 19.9%; hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85 to 1.01; P=0.07). A composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke occurred in 822 patients in the vorapaxar group versus 910 in the placebo group (14.7% and 16.4%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.98; P=0.02). Rates of moderate and severe bleeding were 7.2% in the vorapaxar group and 5.2% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.58; P

Published
2012
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32. A Comparison of Spatial Pattern Spectra

Author

Land, S., Wilkinson, M. H. F., Wilkinson, Michael H. F., Roerdink, Jos B. T. M., and Intelligent Systems

Subjects
REPRESENTATION, Computer science, business.industry, RETRIEVAL, OPENINGS, Pattern recognition, Spatial distribution, Texture (geology), Spectral line, CLASSIFICATION, Image (mathematics), Query expansion, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Image texture, Common spatial pattern, SHAPE, Artificial intelligence, Representation (mathematics), business, Image retrieval
Abstract

Pattern spectra have frequently been used in image analysis. A drawback is that they are not sensitive to changes in spatial distribution of features. Various methods have been proposed to address this problem. In this paper we compare several of these on both texture classification and image retrieval. Results show that Size Density Spectra are most versatile, and least sensitive to parameter settings.

Published
2009

33. Evolutionary origins of the placental expression of chromosome 19 cluster galectins and their complex dysregulation in preeclampsia

Author

Than, N.G., primary, Romero, R., additional, Xu, Y., additional, Erez, O., additional, Xu, Z., additional, Bhatti, G., additional, Leavitt, R., additional, Chung, T.H., additional, El-Azzamy, H., additional, LaJeunesse, C., additional, Wang, B., additional, Balogh, A., additional, Szalai, G., additional, Land, S., additional, Dong, Z., additional, Hassan, S.S., additional, Chaiworapongsa, T., additional, Krispin, M., additional, Kim, C.J., additional, Tarca, A.L., additional, Papp, Z., additional, and Bohn, H., additional

Published
2014
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34. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor expression in non-cancerous bronchial epithelia is associated with lung cancer: A case-control study

Author

Egloff, AM, Gaither Davis, A, Shuai, Y, Land, S, Pilewski, JM, Luketich, JD, Landreneau, R, Miller, YE, Grandis, JR, Siegfried, JM, Egloff, AM, Gaither Davis, A, Shuai, Y, Land, S, Pilewski, JM, Luketich, JD, Landreneau, R, Miller, YE, Grandis, JR, and Siegfried, JM

Abstract

Background: Normal bronchial tissue expression of GRPR, which encodes the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, has been previously reported by us to be associated with lung cancer risk in 78 subjects, especially in females. We sought to define the contribution of GRPR expression in bronchial epithelia to lung cancer risk in a larger case-control study where adjustments could be made for tobacco exposure and sex.Methods: We evaluated GRPR mRNA levels in histologically normal bronchial epithelial cells from 224 lung cancer patients and 107 surgical cancer-free controls. Associations with lung cancer were tested using logistic regression models.Results: Bronchial GRPR expression was significantly associated with lung cancer (OR = 4.76; 95% CI = 2.32-9.77) in a multivariable logistic regression (MLR) model adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and pulmonary function. MLR analysis stratified by smoking status indicated that ORs were higher in never and former smokers (OR = 7.74; 95% CI = 2.96-20.25) compared to active smokers (OR = 1.69; 95% CI = 0.46-6.33). GRPR expression did not differ by subject sex, and lung cancer risk associated with GRPR expression was not modified by sex.Conclusions: GRPR expression in non-cancerous bronchial epithelium was significantly associated with the presence of lung cancer in never and former smokers. The association in never and former smokers was found in males and females. Association with lung cancer did not differ by sex in any smoking group. © 2012 Egloff et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Published
2012

35. An evaluation of WHA resolution 45.5: health human resource implications

Author

O'Brien-Pallas L, Hirschfeld M, Andrea Baumann, Shamian J, Adams O, Bajnok I, Isaacs E, Land S, Salvage J, Sa, Bisch, Miller T, Islam A, and Luba M

Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Plan Implementation, Personnel Staffing and Scheduling, Health Resources, Humans, Nursing Staff, Personnel Selection, World Health Organization, Needs Assessment, Organizational Policy
Abstract

The World Health Assembly approved resolution WHA45.5 in 1992. This paper reports the findings of an evaluation of the implementation of this resolution using a survey technique. A total of 150 WHO Member States responded, for a 79% response rate. Findings suggest that the greatest strides worldwide have been made in education. While the data show that progress has been made at the country level, far more action is needed to strengthen nursing and midwifery if these cost-effective resources are to play a decisive role in improving the extent and quality of services, especially as delivered to people in the greatest need.

Published
2000

36. Analysis of positional candidate genes in the AAA1 susceptibility locus for abdominal aortic aneurysms on chromosome 19

Author

Lillvis, JH, Kyo, Y, Tromp, G, Lenk, GM, Li, M, Lu, Q, Igo, RP, Sakalihasan, N, Ferrell, RE, Schworer, CM, Gatalica, Z, Land, S, Kuivaniemi, H, Lillvis, JH, Kyo, Y, Tromp, G, Lenk, GM, Li, M, Lu, Q, Igo, RP, Sakalihasan, N, Ferrell, RE, Schworer, CM, Gatalica, Z, Land, S, and Kuivaniemi, H

Abstract

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disorder with multiple genetic risk factors. Using affected relative pair linkage analysis, we previously identified an AAA susceptibility locus on chromosome 19q13. This locus has been designated as the AAA1 susceptibility locus in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database.Methods: Nine candidate genes were selected from the AAA1 locus based on their function, as well as mRNA expression levels in the aorta. A sample of 394 cases and 419 controls was genotyped for 41 SNPs located in or around the selected nine candidate genes using the Illumina GoldenGate platform. Single marker and haplotype analyses were performed. Three genes (CEBPG, PEPD and CD22) were selected for DNA sequencing based on the association study results, and exonic regions were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining of aortic tissue sections from AAA and control individuals was carried out for the CD22 and PEPD proteins with specific antibodies.Results: Several SNPs were nominally associated with AAA (p < 0.05). The SNPs with most significant p-values were located near the CCAAT enhancer binding protein (CEBPG), peptidase D (PEPD), and CD22. Haplotype analysis found a nominally associated 5-SNP haplotype in the CEBPG/PEPD locus, as well as a nominally associated 2-SNP haplotype in the CD22 locus. DNA sequencing of the coding regions revealed no variation in CEBPG. Seven sequence variants were identified in PEPD, including three not present in the NCBI SNP (dbSNP) database. Sequencing of all 14 exons of CD22 identified 20 sequence variants, five of which were in the coding region and six were in the 3'-untranslated region. Five variants were not present in dbSNP. Immunohistochemical staining for CD22 revealed protein expression in lymphocytes present in the aneurysmal aortic wall only and no detectable expression in control aorta. PEPD protein was expressed in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the media-adventitia border in both

Published
2011

37. The self-referencing oxygen-selective microelectrode: Detection of transmembrane oxygen flux from single cells

Author

Land, S. C., Porterfield, D. M., Sanger, R. H., and Peter Smith

Abstract

A self-referencing, polarographic, oxygen-selective microelectrode was developed for measuring oxygen fluxes from single cells. This technique is based on the translational movement of the microelectrode at a known frequency through an oxygen gradient, between known points, The differential current of the electrode was converted into a directional measurement of flux using the Fick equation. Operational characteristics of the technique were determined using artificial gradients. Calculated oxygen flux values matched theoretical values derived from static measurements. A test preparation, an isolated neuron, yielded an oxygen flux of 11.46+/-1.43 pmol cm(-2) s(-1) (mean +/- S.E.M.), a value in agreement with those available in the literature for single cells. Microinjection of metabolic substrates or a metabolic uncoupler increased oxygen flux, whereas microinjection of KCN decreased oxygen flux. In the filamentous alga Spirogyra greveilina, the probe could easily differentiate a 16.6 % difference in oxygen flux with respect to the position of the spiral chloroplast (13.3+/-0.4 pmol cm(-2) s(-1) at the chloroplast and 11.4+/-0.4 pmol cm(-2) s(-1) between chloroplasts), despite the fact that these positions averaged only 10.6+/-1.8 mu m apart (means +/- S.E.M.). A light response experiment showed realtime changes in measured oxygen flux correlated with changes in lighting. Taken together, these results show that the self-referencing oxygen microelectrode technique can be used to detect local oxygen fluxes with a high level of sensitivity and spatial resolution in real time. The oxygen fluxes detected reliably correlated with the metabolic state of the cell.

Published
1999

43. Absence of the Birt–Hogg–Dubé gene product is associated with increased hypoxia-inducible factor transcriptional activity and a loss of metabolic flexibility

Author

Preston, R S, primary, Philp, A, additional, Claessens, T, additional, Gijezen, L, additional, Dydensborg, A B, additional, Dunlop, E A, additional, Harper, K T, additional, Brinkhuizen, T, additional, Menko, F H, additional, Davies, D M, additional, Land, S C, additional, Pause, A, additional, Baar, K, additional, van Steensel, M A M, additional, and Tee, A R, additional

Published
2010
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