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Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih menekankan pada aktivitas dan interaksi antara siswa dalam berprestasi yang maksimal. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 4 Ndoso pada materi bilangan bulat dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berbantuan LKS. Jenis penelitian ini dapat berupa 31 siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 4 Ndoso mengikuti penelitian tindakan kelas sebagai subjek penelitian. Prosedur pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Tahapan analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berikut langkah-langkah model pembelajaran STAD dengan berbantuan lembar kerja siswa: (1) menyampaikan materi, (2) memberikan tes/kuis secara individu, (3) membentuk beberapa kelompok, (4) membimbing siswa dalam menyelesaikan LKS, (5) mempresentasikan hasil kerja kelompok dan (6) memberikan penghargaan. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan hasil tes pada siklus I dan siklus II. Skor rata‑rata siswa mengalami kenaikan dari sebesar 77,41 pada siklus I menjadi sebesar 81,93 pada siklus II. Hasil observasi guru pada siklus I memenuhi kriteria baik dengan skor 72,5%, sedangkan pada siklus II memenuhi kriteria sangat baik dengan skor 90%. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat dinyatakan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) berbantuan LKS meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 4 Ndoso pada materi bilangan bulat.

Tempat suci Hindu adalah suatu tempat maupun bangunan yang dikeramatkan oleh umat Hindu atau tempat persembahyangan bagi umat Hindu dan biasa di sebut Pura. Pura Penataran Sasih adalah salah satu contoh Pura di Bali. Yang berada di Desa Pejeng, yang memiliki kekayaan yang amat banyak dan tak ternilai harganya, terutama di bidang warisan budaya. Bahkan ada sebuah peninggalan yang memiliki nilai penting bagi sejarah, ilmu pengetahuan, dan budaya, yang berasal dari jaman prasejarah (Jaman Perunggu), yaitu berupa sebuah neraca perunggu yang tersimpan di pura penetaran sasih, yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan “Bulan Pejeng”. Penelitian terhadap Pura Penataran Sasih berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti untuk mengetahui sejarah Pura Penataran Sasih. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawacara, literature yang berupa jurnal, dokumentasi. Nama pura diambil dari salah satu peninggalan purbakala yang terkenal ditempat ini yakni Neraca Pejeng, {"references":["1954. Prasasti Bali I, Inscripties Voor Anak Wungsu. 43 Pura Penataran Sasih Pejeng Kahyangan Jagat Bali Band I. Singaraja.","Ardika, I Gde. 2012. \"Pariwisata Minat Khusus Berbasis Arkeologi\", dalam Arkeologi Untuk Publik. Jakarta: Ikatan Ahli Arkeologi Indonesia.","Astra, I Gde Semadi. 2013. MenjelajahTokoh Udayana Di Bali: Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Tokoh Udayana dalam Konteks Religi, Sejarah, Sosial Budaya, Hukum, dan Pertahanan dalam Perspektif Lokal, Nasional, dan Universal. Diselenggarakan oleh Pusat Kajian Bali 2 Desember 2014.","Edi Sedyawati-Ardika, I Wayan, ed. 2012. Recent Studies in Indonesian Archaeology, The Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, NewDelhi In Collaboration with B.R Publishing Corporation: Delhi-110052.","Globalisasi Kebudayaan Bali Dalam Teropong Arkeologis\", dalam Kebudayaan dan Modal Budaya Bali Dalam Teropong Lokal, Nasional, Global. Memori Purnabhakti untuk Antropolog & Budayawan I Wayan Geria. Denpasar: Widya Dharma.","Mulyana, Slamet. 1979. Nagarakretagama dan Tafsir Sejarahnya. Jakarta: Bhratara Karya Aksara.","Rata, Ida Bagus. 1987. Pura Besakih. Denpasar: Dinas Kebudayaan Provinsi Dati I Bali. Reuter, Thomas A. 2005. Custodians of the Sacred Mountains: Budaya dan Masyarakat di Pegunungan Bali. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia."]}

V diplomskem delu sva proučevali razlike v pripovedovanju otrok ob slikanici brez besedila glede na izobrazbo staršev in otrokov spol. V teoretičnem delu sva opredelili, kaj je govor in govorni razvoj ter dejavnike, ki vplivajo na razvoj govora. Opisali sva, kakšno vlogo imata branje in pripovedovanje v otrokovem razvoju ter kakšna je vloga odraslega pri spodbujanju govornega razvoja in v komunikaciji z otrokom. Izpostavili sva tudi slikanico in njen pomen za spodbujanje govornega razvoja. Predstavili sva različne vrste slikanic in aktivnosti, ki jih ob slikanici brez besedila lahko izvajajo otroci oz. bralci slikanic brez besedil. V empiričnem delu sva predstavili rezultate raziskave, v kateri sva ugotavljali, ali se pojavljajo razlike v pripovedovanju otrok ob slikanici brez besedila glede na izobrazbo staršev in spol otroka. Z anketnim vprašalnikom, ki so ga izpolnili starši otrok, sva izvedeli stopnjo njihove izobrazbe ter dobili vpogled v njihova prepričanja o razvoju govora v predšolskem obdobju. Največ anketiranih staršev meni, da izobrazba staršev delno vpliva na govorni razvoj otroka. Polovica anketirancev je mnenja, da se pojavljajo razlike v govornem razvoju deklic in dečkov ter so enotnega mnenja, da se govor pri deklicah hitreje razvije. V najino raziskavo sva vključili tudi pripovedovanje otrok ob slikanici brez besedila z naslovom Maruška Potepuška. V raziskavo sva vključili 32 otrok, starih od štiri do šest let. S slikanico brez besedila sva raziskovali njihov govorni razvoj po šestih kazalnikih instrumenta za ocenjevanje zgodbe otrok (Marjanovič Umek idr., 2011). Rezultati najine raziskave so pokazali, da se pojavljajo zanemarljive razlike v govornem razvoju predšolskih otrok glede na njihov spol in izobrazbo njihovih staršev. The thesis identifies and examines the differences in children’s storytelling with the help of a picture book without text, whereby the level of their parents’ education and the gender of children were considered. In the theoretical part, the terms speech and speech development are defined, as well as the factors that affect speech development. The role of reading and storytelling in a child's development is described, as well as and the role of an adult in encouraging speech development and the role of an adult in communication with the child. Picture book as am aid for promoting speech development is also discussed. Different types of picture books are presented as well as activities that children carry out using picture books without text. In the empirical part results of the research are presented. The research was focused on finding out whether there are differences in children's storytelling when using picture book without text in correlation to the level of education of their parents and the gender of a child. Using a questionnaire filled out by the children's parents, we found out what their level of education is and gained insight into their beliefs about speech development in the preschool period. Most of the parents surveyed believe that the parents' education partially affects the speech development of a child. Half of the respondents share the opinion that there are differences in speech development among girls on one hand and boys on the other hand, and share the opinion that girls' speech develops faster. The research also comprised storytelling by the children, who were using a picture book without text (M: Amalietti: Maruška potepuška) as an aid for telling the story. 32 children aged four to six were included in the research. Picture book without text served as the basis for exploring the children’s speech development according to the six indicators of the instrument for children's storytelling evaluation (Marjanovič Umek et al., 2011). The results show that there are insignificant differences in speech development that could be attributed to children’s gender and the level of education of their parents.

Purpose This paper aims to explore the dynamic relationships between high-performance computing centres (HPC centres) and small-to-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) working in the automotive sector. Design/methodology/approach An empirical study was conducted in 14 European countries with a total of 92 participants, representatives of HPC centres and SMEs. Data were collected through focus groups. Findings Findings show there is a distinct manner of shaping collaboration and cooperation networks between both spheres. In shaping the relationships, cognitive frames play a role through specific values involved share. Institutions also play an important role. Research limitations/implications Research into relationships between HPC centres and SMEs conducted was qualitative; therefore, limitations arise on data not being able to be generalized. The cultural aspect is to be taken into account when conducting further studies. Practical implications Findings of this study can be used by policymakers, especially those interested in regional innovation. The results can be of use when tailoring innovation policies, especially when it comes to enhancing the regional and extra-regional cooperation between HPC centres and SMEs. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first research contributions to analyse the relationships between HPC centres and SMEs from the automotive sector in selected European countries.

A developed methodology for determining the physical properties of mineral fibers prepared from different input mixtures under the same spinning wheel conditions is described and discussed. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was combined with simultaneous thermal analysis and thermogravimetry to study the mineralogical composition and typical melting and crystallization temperatures. The mechanical properties measured with nanoindentation were related to the mineralogical properties and the results obtained are in agreement with the literature. The developed methodology shows reliable performance and demonstrates the ability to study the mechanical properties of mineral fibers, their mineralogical composition, and thermal properties. The presented experimental methodology opens up the possibility of researching the mechanical properties of mineral fibers for the purpose of defining production recipes in the field of mineral thermal insulation materials.

Bacterial infections are an increasingly serious issue worldwide. The inability of existing therapies to treat multidrug-resistant pathogens has been recognized as an important challenge of the 21st century. Efflux pumps are important in both intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance and identification of small molecule efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), capable of restoring the effectiveness of available antibiotics, is an active research field. In the last two decades, much effort has been made to identify novel EPIs. However, none of them has so far been approved for therapeutic use. In this article, we explore different structural families of currently known EPIs for multidrug resistance efflux systems in the most extensively studied pathogens (NorA in Staphylococcus aureus, AcrAB-TolC in Escherichia coli, and MexAB-OprM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Both synthetic and natural compounds are described, with structure-activity relationship studies and optimization processes presented systematically for each family individually. In vitro activities against selected test strains are presented in a unifying manner for all the EPIs described, together with the most important toxicity, pharmacokinetic and in vivo efficacy data. A critical evaluation of lead-likeness characteristics and the potential for clinical development of the most promising inhibitors of the three efflux systems is described. This overview of EPIs is a good starting point for the identification of novel effective antibacterial drugs.

Učbeniki so se skozi čas spreminjali v skladu s pedagoško teorijo, didaktiko, specialnimi didaktikami, psihologijo ipd., ki so prevladovali v posameznih obdobjih. Spreminjal se je njihov zunanji izgled, njihov namen, spreminjala se je njihova notranja ureditev, vsebina, pojavili so se razni didaktični elementi v njih. V empiričnem delu smo ugotavljali, kako so se spreminjali učbeniki za pouk naravoslovja, kaj se je spreminjalo in kakšne so razlike med njimi. Analizirali smo nekatere splošne značilnosti učbenikov, kot so format, število strani, prisotnost slikovnega gradiva in razmerje med slikovnim gradivom ter besedilom, vsebovanost kazala, vsebovanost spremne besede itn. Ugotavljali smo, ali so učbeniki napisani v skladu s priporočili glede razvojne stopnje učencev (zahtevnost besedil, didaktični elementi) in ali so strokovno neoporečni. Ugotovili smo, da se starejši učbeniki razlikujejo od novejših v več kriterijih, ki smo jih izbrali za analizo. Razlikujejo se v nekaterih splošnih značilnostih, v didaktičnih elementih in zahtevnosti. Prav tako smo ugotovili, da so si med seboj različni novejši učbeniki – predvsem v uporabi didaktičnih elementov in zahtevnosti besedil. Z magistrskim delom želimo učiteljem in piscem učbenikov približati razumevanje, kako zelo je pomembno, da učbenik, namenjen učencem, še posebej tistim v nižjih razredih osnovne šole, vsebuje motivacijske elemente, da je napisan v za učence razumljivem jeziku, brez zapletenih razlag in da ne vsebuje strokovnih napak. Z magistrskim delom želimo učiteljem pokazati, da pri izbiri učbenikov za učbeniški sklad ne smejo biti v ospredju cena, zunanji izgled učbenika ali število strani, ampak to, da je napisan v skladu s sodobnimi didaktičnimi načeli in je strokovno neoporečen. Textbooks have been modified together with the pedagogical theory, didactics, special didactics, psychology and similar theories that dominated in certain periods. Their covers, purpose, contents and interior order have altered during the years together with the different didactical elements in them. The empirical part of the master’s degree thesis deals with how the textbooks for natural science evolved, what has changed and what are the differences among them. General features of the textbooks have been analysed, such as format, the number of pages, the presence of the picture material and the ratio between the picture materials and texts, content of the table of contents, content of the foreword, etc. The research established whether the textbooks have been written in accordance with the recommendations concerning the developmental level of the pupils as in the text difficulty level, didactical elements and whether they are incontestable. Older textbooks differentiate from the newer ones on many levels, such as general characteristics, didactical elements and text difficulty levels. Some newer textbooks differentiate mainly in use of the didactical elements and text difficulty levels. This master’s degree thesis desires to establish how important it is for a textbook for the lower level of education to contain motivational elements, to be written in a language that is easy to understand, especially without complicated explanations, and to be faultless. The price, the textbook exterior and the number of pages, when choosing a textbook for the textbook fund, should not be the dominant factors. Those should be whether the textbook is written according to the didactical principles and whether it is irreproachable.

Aim: DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are essential bacterial enzymes, and in the fight against bacterial resistance, they are important targets for the development of novel antibacterial drugs. Results: Building from our first generation of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[ d]thiazole-based DNA gyrase inhibitors, we designed and prepared an optimized series of analogs that show improved inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Importantly, these inhibitors also show improved antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains. Conclusion: The most promising inhibitor, 29, is active against Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus wild-type and resistant strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 4 and 8 μg/ml, which represents good starting point for development of novel antibacterials.

Bacterial DNA gyrase is an important target for the development of novel antibacterial drugs, which are urgently needed because of high level of antibiotic resistance worldwide. We designed and synthesized new 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole-based DNA gyrase B inhibitors and their conjugates with siderophore mimics, which were introduced to increase the uptake of inhibitors into the bacterial cytoplasm. The most potent conjugate 34 had an IC50 of 58 nM against Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and displayed MIC of 14 [micro]g/mL against E. coli [micro]tolC strain. Only minor improvements in the antibacterial activities against wild-type E. coli in low-iron conditions were seen for DNA gyrase inhibitor - siderophore mimic conjugates. Članek s št.: 103550. Abstract. Bibliografija: str. 12-13. ARRS Academy of Finland Academy of Finland Academy of Finland

Zmožnost privabljanja in ohranjanja nadarjenega osebja močno vpliva na sposobnost organizacije, da ohrani konkurenčno prednost. Na današnjem trgu dela zaposleni vse bolj iščejo paket nadomestil, ki ponuja več kot samo plačo. Ugodnosti v življenjskem slogu, fleksibilni delovni čas, izobraževanja ipd. so le nekateri dodatki, ki jih zaposleni iščejo na delovnem mestu. Učinkovita strategija nagrajevanja je ključna spodbuda za zadovoljne, motivirane in učinkovite zaposlene. Organizacije se vse bolj zavedajo, da morajo vzpostaviti pravično ravnotežje med prispevkom zaposlenega k organizaciji in prispevkom organizacije k zaposlenemu. Vzpostavitev tega ravnovesja je eden izmed glavnih razlogov za nagrajevanje zaposlenih. Organizacije, ki sledijo strateškemu pristopu k ustvarjanju tega ravnovesja, se osredotočajo na tri glavne komponente sistema nagrajevanja, ki vključuje nadomestila, koristi in priznanje. Pomembnost zadnje komponente v številnih organizacijah še vedno zanemarjajo. Ključni cilj priznavanja je, da se zaposleni počutijo cenjeni, saj imajo cenjeni zaposleni običajno višjo samopodobo, več zaupanja, večjo stopnjo pripravljenosti na nove izzive in večjo željo po inovativnosti. Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo študija literature predstaviti področje nagrajevanja zaposlenih in na konkretnem primeru raziskati, kakšen je sistem nagrajevanje v proučevani organizaciji. The ability to attract and retain talented staff greatly affects an organization’s capacity to sustain a competitive advantage. In today’s job market, employees are increasingly looking for a remuneration package that offers more than just salary. Lifestyle benefits, flexible working hours, education, etc. so only add-ons that are employed at the workplace. An effective remuneration strategy is a key incentive for satisfied, motivated in an active employee. Increasingly, organizations are realizing that they have to establish an equitable balance between the employee’s contribution to the organization and the organizations contribution to the employee. Establishing this balance is one of the main reasons to reward employees. Organizations that follow a strategic approach to creating this balance focus on the three main components of a reward system, which includes, compensation, benefits and recognition. The importance of recognition in many organizations is still neglected. The key objective of recognition is that employees feel appreciated, as esteemed employees usually have higher self-esteem, more confidence, greater readiness for new challenges and an increased desire for innovation. The aim of this study is to present the literature study in the field of employee rewards and, in the concrete case, to research the systems of rewarding in the studied organization.

Seasonal or pandemic influenza virus infections are a worldwide health problem requiring antiviral therapy. Since virus resistance to the established neuraminidase inhibitors and novel polymerase inhibitors is growing, new drug targets are needed. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is associated with several aspects of the influenza virus life cycle, and is considered a relevant host cell target. We report here on a series of benzo[d]thiazole and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole derivatives with robust and selective activities against influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and influenza B viruses. Two compounds, 1 and 4, have low micromolar EC50 values and show high binding affinities for Hsp90, which suggests that inhibition of Hsp90 is the mechanism underlying their antiviral effects. These compounds represent suitable scaffolds for designing novel Hsp90 inhibitors with favourable activities against influenza virus. ispartof: BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY vol:98 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Toma` Lazar1, Primo` Mrvar2, Martin Lamut3, Peter Fajfar2 1National Museum of Slovenia, Pre{ernova cesta 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, A{ker~eva cesta 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 3Slovenian centre of excellence for space sciences and technologies, A{ker~eva cesta 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia peter.fajfar@omm.ntf.uni-lj.si

The present work describes the formation of amorphous alloys in the (Al1−xCex)62Cu25Fe13 quaternary system (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). When the amount of Ce falls in the range 0.67 ≤ x ≤ 0.83, the alloys obtained exhibit a completely amorphous structure confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction. Otherwise, at compositions x = 0.5, 0.58, 0.92 and 1, a primary crystalline phase forms together with an amorphous matrix. The crystallisation temperature (Tx) decreases with increasing Ce content, varying from 593 K for x = 0.5–383 K for x = 1. Composition x = 0.75 is considered as the best glass former, exhibiting a large supercooled liquid region of 40 K width that precedes crystallisation. In order to form bulk amorphous alloys, ribbons with this later composition were consolidated into few millimetre thick discs using pulsed electric current sintering at different temperatures, yet preserving the amorphous structure. Meanwhile, increasing temperature above 483 K triggers crystallisation of a primary phase isostructural ...