1. Riverscape genetics in brook lamprey: genetic diversity is less influenced by river fragmentation than by gene flow with the anadromous ecotype
- Author
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Dominique Huteau, Charles Perrier, Sophie Launey, Anne-Laure Besnard, Victoria Dolo, Adrien Oger, Guillaume Evanno, Quentin Rougemont, Marie-Agnès Coutellec, Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes [Québec] (IBIS), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Observatoire de recherche en environnement sur les poissons diadromes dans les fleuves côtiers (ORE DiaPFC), This study was funded by the Office Français de la Biodiversité., Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Sympatry ,Water flow ,migration-drift equilibrium ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Gene flow ,03 medical and health sciences ,Genetic drift ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,14. Life underwater ,Genetics (clinical) ,030304 developmental biology ,Ecotype ,0303 health sciences ,Genetic diversity ,[SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,Ecology ,[SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE] ,Genetic Variation ,Lampreys ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,6. Clean water ,Brook lamprey ,[SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics ,Genetics, Population ,030104 developmental biology ,Lampetra sp ,Genetic structure ,Biological dispersal ,Habitat fragmentation ,gene flow ,human activities - Abstract
Understanding the effect of human induced landscape fragmentation on gene flow and evolutionary potential of wild populations has become a major concern. Here, we investigated the effect of riverscape fragmentation on patterns of genetic diversity in the freshwater resident brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri) that has a low ability to pass obstacles to migration. We also tested the hypotheses of i) asymmetric gene flow following water current and ii) admixture with the closely related anadromousL. fluviatilisecotype having a positive effect onL. planerigenetic diversity. We genotyped 2472 individuals, including 225L. fluviatilis, sampled in 81 sites upstream and downstream from barriers to migration, in 29 West-European rivers. Linear modelling revealed a strong positive relationship between the distance to the source and genetic diversity, consistent with expected patterns of decreased gene flow into upstream populations. However, the presence of anthropogenic barriers had a moderate effect on spatial genetic structure. Accordingly, we found evidence for downstream-directed gene flow, supporting the hypothesis that barriers do not limit dispersal following water flow. DownstreamL. planeripopulations in sympatry withL. fluviatilisdisplayed consistently higher genetic diversity. We conclude that genetic drift and slight downstream gene flow mainly drive the genetic make up of upstreamL. planeripopulations whereas admixture between ecotypes maintains higher levels of genetic diversity inL. planeripopulations sympatric withL. fluviatilis. We discuss the implications of these results for the design of conservation strategies of lamprey, and other freshwater organisms with several ecotypes, in fragmented dendritic river networks.
- Published
- 2020
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