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3. The Rif Belt

Author

Chalouan, A., Michard, A., Kadiri, Kh. El, Negro, F., Lamotte, D. Frizon de, Soto, J.I., Saddiqi, O., Bhattacharji, S., editor, Neugebauer, H. J., editor, Reitner, J., editor, Stüwe, K., editor, Friedman, G. M., editor, Seilacher, A., editor, Michard, André, editor, Saddiqi, Omar, editor, Chalouan, Ahmed, editor, and Lamotte, Dominique Frizon de, editor

Published
2008
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4. The Atlas System

Author

Frizon de Lamotte, D., Zizi, M., Missenard, Y., Hafid, M., Azzouzi, M. El, Maury, R.C., Charrière, A., Taki, Z., Benammi, M., Michard, A., Bhattacharji, S., editor, Neugebauer, H. J., editor, Reitner, J., editor, Stüwe, K., editor, Friedman, G. M., editor, Seilacher, A., editor, Michard, André, editor, Saddiqi, Omar, editor, Chalouan, Ahmed, editor, and Lamotte, Dominique Frizon de, editor

Published
2008
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5. An Outline of the Geology of Morocco

Author

Michard, A., Frizon de Lamotte, D., Saddiqi, O., Chalouan, A., Bhattacharji, S., editor, Neugebauer, H. J., editor, Reitner, J., editor, Stüwe, K., editor, Friedman, G. M., editor, Seilacher, A., editor, Michard, André, editor, Saddiqi, Omar, editor, Chalouan, Ahmed, editor, and Lamotte, Dominique Frizon de, editor

Published
2008
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6. Conclusion: Continental Evolution in Western Maghreb

Author

Michard, A., de Lamotte, D. Frizon, Liégeois, J.-P., Saddiqi, O., Chalouan, A., Bhattacharji, S., editor, Neugebauer, H. J., editor, Reitner, J., editor, Stüwe, K., editor, Friedman, G. M., editor, Seilacher, A., editor, Michard, André, editor, Saddiqi, Omar, editor, Chalouan, Ahmed, editor, and Lamotte, Dominique Frizon de, editor

Published
2008
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20. Central Zagros fold-thrust belt (Iran): new insights from seismic data, field observation, and sandbox modeling

Author

Sherkati, S., Letouzey, J., and de Lamotte, D. Frizon

Subjects
Zagros Mountains -- Research, Plate tectonics -- Research, Folds (Geology) -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

[1] We present five generalized cross sections across the central Zagros fold-and-thrust belt (Iran). These sections show that the fold geometry varies significantly both horizontally and vertically. The style is closely related to the changes in the mechanical behavior of the lithostratigraphic horizons and, in particular, to the presence of intermediate decollements within the sedimentary pile. Restoration of the sections shows amounts of shortening of the same order from one section to the other. However, it appears to be unequally distributed, suggesting variations in basal decollement shear strength. Analogue modeling has been performed to systematically investigate the effect of an intermediate decollement level at different depths on the style of folding. The models demonstrate that the position of intermediate decollements is an important factor controlling both structural style and fold wavelength. Models with shallow intermediate decollement show regularly and widely spaced anticlines. In these models, the fold wavelength depends directly on the thickness of the dominant competent layer and short-wavelength superficial structures mask broad anticlines at depth. Models with deep intermediate decollement are characterized by the rapid propagation of deformation (with small rate of shortening) along this decollement influencing localization of forthcoming anticlines in the upper levels. Such propagation favors the development of duplexes and multiwavelength folds. On this basis, fold kinematics in central Zagros is discussed using the variation of structural style along different folds as an indicator of the sequence of deformation. Detachment folding is the main folding style at least for the initial stages of deformation and thrust faults developed only at later stages. Some of these faults, branched on decollement levels, express the progression of folding, whereas others are linked to late basement faults cutting through early structures. In general, the decollement levels are activated sequentially from deeper horizons to shallower ones. However, in one case (Gachsaran decollement) a shallow decollement is activated during the early stages of folding and then abandoned during the subsequent evolution. Citation: Sherkati, S., J. Letouzey, and D. Frizon de Lamotte (2006), Central Zagros fold-thrust belt (Iran): New insights from seismic data, field observation, and sandbox modeling, Tectonics, 25, TC4007, doi:10.1029/ 2004TC001766.

Published
2006

24. The Rif Belt

Author

Chalouan, A., primary, Michard, A., additional, Kadiri, Kh. El, additional, Negro, F., additional, Lamotte, D. Frizon de, additional, Soto, J.I., additional, and Saddiqi, O., additional

Published
2008
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34. Geology of the Ionian Basin and margins: a key to the East Mediterranean geodynamics

Author

Tugend, J., Chamot‐rooke, N., Arsenikos, S., Blanpied, C., Lamotte, D. Frizon, Tugend, J., Chamot‐rooke, N., Arsenikos, S., Blanpied, C., and Lamotte, D. Frizon

Abstract

We revisit the nature, structure and evolution of the Ionian Basin and its surrounding passive margins (Apulia, Eastern Sicily/Malta, and Cyrenaica margins). Relying on geological observations (wells, dredges and dives) and seismic calibrations from the surrounding platforms and escarpments, we present age correlations for the deepest sedimentary sequences of the Ionian Basin. Two‐ship deep refraction seismic data combined with reprocessed reflection seismic data enable us to identify, characterize and map these thick sedimentary sequences and to present a consistent seismic stratigraphy across the basin. At a larger scale, we present new geological transects illustrating the tectono‐stratigraphic relationships between the Ionian Basin and its surrounding rifted margins. On this basis, we suggest that a Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic rifting preceded the late Early Jurassic to Middle Jurassic formation of the Ionian Basin. The combination of geophysical and geological arguments suggests that the entire deep basin is floored with oceanic crust of normal thickness, but with high seismic velocity in the upper part. Upscaling our results in the framework of the Eastern Mediterranean, we propose that the Ionian Basin represents the remnant of a short‐lived oceanic basin resulting from the interaction between two propagating oceans: the Central Atlantic and the Neo‐Tethys.

Published
2019
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37. The structure and kinematics of the southeastern Zagros fold-thrust belt, Iran: from thin-skinned to thick-skinned tectonics

Author

Molinaro, M., Leturmy, P., Guezou, J.-C., Frizon de Lamotte, D., and Eshraghi, S.A.

Subjects
Tectonics (Geology) -- Research, Earth -- Crust, Earth -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

[1] We present the first complete balanced cross section across the southeastern Zagros fold-thrust belt (ZFTB). The following main structural features emerge from this section: (1) In the south of the ZFTB, the Proterozoic-to-Recent sedimentary sequence has been decoupled from its Panafrican basement along the ductile basal evaporites and folded into a series of large detachment anticlines. Ongoing shortening of these structures has resulted in migration of the basal salt layers into the cores of the anticlines and propagation of forelimb thrusts. (2) In the north of the ZFTB, deep-seated ramps have folded the hanging wall rocks and produced imbrications and duplex structures within the higher levels of the sedimentary sequence. (3) Out-of-sequence thrusts, linked to major seismogenic basement faults, have cut through the structures in the cover of the ZFTB. A three-step incremental restoration of the section shows that two main phases of deformation can be separated in the tectonic evolution of the ZFTB: a Mio-Pliocene thin-skinned phase, in the course of which most of the structures in the cover were generated, followed by a Pliocene to Recent thick-skinned phase, expressed as out-of-sequence faulting in the cover, which is currently underlined by the seismicity within the basement. In plan view, the initial structures of the southeastern ZFTB developed with a curved shape essentially controlled by the shape and thickness of the underlying Proterozoic salt basin (i.e., the 'Jura style'). In the following basement-involved phase, out-of-sequence thrusts cut at oblique angles through the preexisting structures of the cover. The total shortening absorbed in the cover amounts to at least 45 km, corresponding to a ratio of ~22%. Citation: Molinaro, M., P. Leturmy, J.-C. Guezou, D. Frizon de Lamotte, and S. A. Eshraghi (2005), The structure and kinematics of the southeastern Zagros fold-thrust belt, Iran: From thin-skinned to thick-skinned tectonics, Tectonics, 24, TC3007, doi:10.1029/2004TC001633.

Published
2005

39. Neo-tethys geodynamics and mantle convection: From extension to compression in Africa and a conceptual model for obduction

Author

Jolivet, L, Faccenna, C, Agard, P, Lamotte, D, Menant, A, Sternai, P, Guillocheau, F, Jolivet, Laurent, Faccenna, Claudio, Agard, Philippe, Lamotte, Dominique Frizon De, Menant, Armel, Sternai, Pietro, Guillocheau, François, Jolivet, L, Faccenna, C, Agard, P, Lamotte, D, Menant, A, Sternai, P, Guillocheau, F, Jolivet, Laurent, Faccenna, Claudio, Agard, Philippe, Lamotte, Dominique Frizon De, Menant, Armel, Sternai, Pietro, and Guillocheau, François

Abstract

Since the Mesozoic, Africa has been under extension with shorter periods of compression associated with obduction of ophiolites on its northern margin. Less frequent than “normal” subduction, obduction is a first order process that remains enigmatic. The closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean, by the Upper Cretaceous, is characterized by a major obduction event, from the Mediterranean region to the Himalayas, best represented around the Arabian Plate, from Cyprus to Oman. These ophiolites were all emplaced in a short time window in the Late Cretaceous, from ~100 to 75 Ma, on the northern margin of Africa, in a context of compression over large parts of Africa and Europe, across the convergence zone. The scale of this process requires an explanation at the scale of several thousands of kilometres along strike, thus probably involving a large part of the convecting mantle. We suggest that alternating extension and compression in Africa could be explained by switching convection regimes. The extensional situation would correspond to steady-state whole-mantle convection, Africa being carried northward by a large-scale conveyor belt, while compression and obduction would occur when the African slab penetrates the upper-lower mantle transition zone and the African plate accelerates due to increasing plume activity, until full penetration of the Tethys slab in the lower mantle across the 660 km transition zone during a 25 Myr long period. The long-term geological archives on which such scenarios are founded can provide independent time constraints for testing numerical models of mantle convection and slab-plume interactions.

Published
2016

41. Meso-Cenozoic evolution of the Tuareg Shield (Algeria, Sahara): Insights from new thermochronological data

Author

Rougier, S., Missenard, Y., Gautheron, C., Barbarand, J., Zeyen, H., Pinna, R., Liégeois, J.P., Bonin, B., El-Messaoud Derder, M., Frizon De Lamotte, D., Khettouche, D., Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, and CRINON, Evelyne

Subjects
[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

42. Eocene exhumation of the Tuareg shield

Author

Rougier, S., Missenard, Y., Gautheron, C.E, Barbarand, Jocelyn, Zeyen, H., Pinna, R., Liegeois, J.P., Bonin, B., Ouabadi, A., El-Messaoud Derder, M., Frizon de Lamotte, D., Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Labo Géodynamique FSTGAT, Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, and CRINON, Evelyne

Subjects
[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

43. Folding In the Zagros-Mesopotamian Region

Author

Casciello, Emilio, Vergés, Jaume, Saura, Eduard, Sherkati, S., Goodarzi, H., Najafi, M., Letouzy, J., Frizon de Lamotte, D., and Cosgrove, J.

Subjects
Zagros
Abstract

Hydrocarbon Exploration in the Zagros Mountains of Iraqi Kurdistan and Iran, 23-25 January 2013, Zagros, The external belt of the Zagros mountain chain and the adjoining Mesopotamian area possess the favourable conditions for the development of folds, that is: they are composed by a multilayer stratigraphy with an efficient detachment at its base and an alternation of competent and incompetent layers in the remaining section. Folds that developed in this region are renowned for their outstanding size, continuity and quality of exposure. Besides, these folds host some of the largest oilfields in the Middle-East. For all these reasons the folds of the Zagros fold-belt and its Mesopotamian foreland have been studied in detail since the beginning of hydrocarbon exploration, at the beginning of the 19th hundreds. Along this almost 2.000 km long chain, folds display a huge variability in size, shape and association with other structures. Due to the high prospectivity of this region, the wide spectrum of geometries that can arise from compressing this heterogeneous multilayer is of crucial interest for the oil industry. In this contribution we try to summarise on this variability, presenting examples and discussing the factors that may govern such variableness. Examples include (Fig. 1) disharmonic folding caused by decoupling intervals, the effect of multiple detachment horizons on the finite geometry of anticlines, the effects of thickness and facies heterogeneity on fold distribution, the role of salt in the nucleation of folds and in the development of upright isoclinal synclines and anticlines. The origin of flap-folds, structures peculiar to the Zagros stratigraphy and interpreted as gravitational structures is also scrutinised. In addition, examples of anticlines in the Persian Gulf, studied by 2D and 3D seismic interpretation, permit discussing the interference between folds with different trends, the role of inherited fault structures and their multiple reactivations

Published
2013

45. Vertical movements of the Moroccan Atlas domain during Cenozoic

Author

Missenard, Y., Barbarand, J., Saddiqi, O., Leturmy, P., Frizon de Lamotte, D., Zeyen, H., El Haimer, F.Z, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CRINON, Evelyne

Subjects
[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Published
2007

46. The salt diapers of the eastern Fars province (Zagros, Iran) : a brief outline of their past and present. In 'Thrust belts and foreland basins : from fold kinematics to hydrocarbon systems' O. Lacombe, J. Lavé, F. Roure et J. Vergès Ed

Author

Jahani, S., Callot, Jean-Paul, Frizon De Lamotte, D., Letouzey, J., Leturmy, Pascale, Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Queyroy, Marie José, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics
Published
2007

47. 3D multiscale structural analysis of the Eastern Paris Basin : the ANDRA contribution

Author

Bergerat, Françoise, Elion, P., Frizon De Lamotte, D., Proudhon, B., Combes, Pascale, André, G., Willeveau, Y., Laurent-Charvet, S., Kourdian, R., Lerouge, G., Ott D'Estevou, P., Queyroy, Marie José, Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics
Published
2007

48. Pre-folding magnetic fabrics in fold-and-thrusts belts : why the internal deformation of the sedimentary rocks from the Minervois basin (NE-Pyrenees, France) are so high compared to the Potwar basin (SW-Himalaya, Pakistan) ?

Author

Robion, P., Grelaud, S., Frizon De Lamotte, D., Laboratoire de tectonique (LT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Queyroy, Marie José, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), and Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics
Published
2007

49. Crustal shortening versus thermal origins of the unusual foreland domain of the High Atlas, Morocco

Author

Missenard, Y., Leturmy, P., Frizon de Lamotte, D., Zeyen, H., Sébrier, M., Saddiqi, O., Guimera, J., Arboleya, M.L., Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CRINON, Evelyne

Subjects
[SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2006

50. Crustal versus asthenospheric origin of the relief of the Atlas Mountains of Morocco

Author

Missenard, Y., Zeyen, H., Frizon De Lamotte, D., Leturmy, P., Petit, C., Sebrier, M., Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences
Abstract

We investigate the respective roles of crustal tectonic shortening and asthenospheric processes on the topography of the High Atlas and surrounding areas (Morocco). The lithospheric structure is modeled with a direct trial-and-error algorithm taking into account gravity (Bouguer and free air), geoid, heat flow, and topography. Three parallel cross sections, crossing the High Atlas and Anti-Atlas ranges, show that the lithosphere is thinned to 60 km below these mountain ranges. An analysis of the effect of the lithospheric thinning allows us to conclude that the whole topography of the Anti-Atlas, which belongs to the Sahara domain, is due to asthenospheric processes. In the High Atlas the lithospheric thinning explains a third of the relief of the western High Atlas, 500 m for a mean altitude of 1500 m, and half of the relief of the central High Atlas, 1000 m for a mean altitude of 2000 m. At the scale of Morocco the domain affected by lithospheric thinning forms an elongated NE-SW strip crossing not only the main structural zones but also the Atlantic margin to the south and the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary to the north. This major lithospheric thinning is associated with Miocene to recent alkaline volcanism and seismicity. We propose that this thermal anomaly is related to a shallow mantle plume, emplaced during middle to late Miocene time, during a period of relative tectonic quiescence.

Published
2006
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