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PURPOSE: Health service effectiveness continues to be limited by misaligned objectives between policy makers and frontline clinicians. While capturing the discretion workers inevitably exercise, the concept of "street-level bureaucracy" has tended to artificially separate policy makers and workers. The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of social-organizational context in aligning policy with practice. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This mixed-method participatory study focuses on a locally developed tool to implement an Australia-wide strategy to engage and respond to mental health services for parents with mental illness. Researchers: completed 69 client file audits; administered 64 staff surveys; conducted 24 interviews and focus groups (64 participants) with staff and a consumer representative; and observed eight staff meetings, in an acute and sub-acute mental health unit. Data were analyzed using content analysis, thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. FINDINGS: Based on successes and shortcomings of the implementation (assessment completed for only 30 percent of clients), a model of integration is presented, distinguishing "assimilist" from "externalist" positions. These depend on the degree to which, and how, the work environment affords clinicians the setting to coordinate efforts to take account of clients' personal and social needs. This was particularly so for allied health clinicians and nurses undertaking sub-acute rehabilitative-transitional work. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: A new conceptualization of street-level bureaucracy is offered. Rather than as disconnected, it is a process of mutual influence among interdependent actors. This positioning can serve as a framework to evaluate how and under what circumstances discretion is appropriate, and to be supported by managers and policy makers to optimize client-defined needs.

This paper sets out to explore the possibility of having an artificially intelligent program run the nuclear defence program of the United States of America. The author explores how reasonable such a program would be and the overall benefits and possible destructive outcomes. The eventual conclusion results in a feasible solution to the problem of retaliation in the event of imminent nuclear impact.

28th International Business-Information-Management-Association Conference, Seville, SPAIN, NOV 09-10, 2016; International audience; This paper presents a risk' exposure analysis methodology. The approach uses a sequence of equations that align then correlate the different elements in the exposure analysis, offering a guideline and transparency tool to evaluate the risk exposure level of supply chain. This conceptual study proposes that environmental factors associated with supply chain trends should be taken into consideration when determining the level of supply chain risk exposure. Doing so can avoid unforeseen losses and lead to better anticipation of supply chain risks.

International audience; The purpose of this article is the structural analysis of potential drivers of supply chain vulnerability. Literature review on this phenomena demonstrates an interdependencies and interactions between the founded vulnerability drivers. As a result, we applied the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) methods to identify and understand the interactions and interdependencies among supply chain vulnerability drivers

International audience; The aim of this article is to investigate the concept of Supply Chain Vulnerability and to understand its causing factors. It has been argued that environment turbulence and complexity and the increase of natural, terrorist and economic crisis are the main causing factors behind the increasing of the level of supply chain exposure to risk. However, the contribution of the use of supply chain philosophies and practices such as JIT, Lean manufacturing, outsourcing, etc. to the increase of vulnerability factors has also been highlighted in the literature. In this context, a conceptual model is developed in this article to reveal what could make a supply chain vulnerable. This article provides an outline of the vulnerability drivers in order to suggest a "conceptual framework of Supply Chain Vulnerability". The objective of such a model is not to describe another model of Vulnerability, but rather to offer a concrete structure incorporating the previous knowledge. The proposed model allows a better understanding of the vulnerability within Supply Chain Networks. Firstly, the model is analyzed through its positioning and contributions in comparison with existing frameworks in the literature. This comparison highlights the critical points overlooked in the past. Secondly, the model was applied on three case studies.

International audience