23 results on '"Lamb, Graham Cliff"'
Search Results
2. Luteal color doppler ultrasonography and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins as early pregnancy diagnostic tools and predictors of pregnancy loss in Bos taurus postpartum beef cows
- Author
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Holton, Matthew Patrick, primary, Oosthuizen, Nicola, additional, Melo, Gabriela Dalmaso de, additional, Davis, Dylan Blake, additional, Stewart, Robert Lawton, additional, Pohler, Ky Garret, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, and Fontes, Pedro Levy Piza, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. 147 Presynchronization and delayed fixed-time artificial insemination increases pregnancy rates with sex-sorted semen in replacement beef heifers
- Author
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Oosthuizen, Nicky, primary, Fontes, Pedro, additional, Filho, Ramiro, additional, Dahlen, Carl R, additional, Grieger, David M, additional, Hall, John B, additional, Lake, Scott, additional, Looney, Charles, additional, Mercadante, Vitor R G, additional, Neville, Bryan W, additional, Perry, George, additional, Powell, Jeremy G, additional, Prezotto, Ligia, additional, Seidel, George, additional, Walker, Ryon, additional, Cardoso, Rodolfo C, additional, Pohler, Ky G, additional, and Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. PSII-29 Effects of delayed injection of prostaglandin F2α and TAI in the 14-d CIDR-PG & TAI protocol in replacement beef heifers
- Author
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Oosthuizen, Nicky, primary, Melo, Gabriela, additional, Stewart, Lawton, additional, Seidel, George, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, and Fontes, Pedro, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal as a protein supplement for growing beef heifers(,)
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, Silva, Gleise M, Garcia-Ascolani, M, Ciriaco, Francine M, Henry, Darren D, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Dubeux, Jose C B, and Dilorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
Body Weight ,Brassica ,Animal Feed ,Diet ,Random Allocation ,Cynodon ,Dietary Supplements ,Animals ,Cattle ,Female ,Dietary Proteins ,Sexual Maturation ,Ruminant Nutrition ,Progesterone - Abstract
Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop in Florida with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein; CP) is obtained as a byproduct of oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the utilization of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A generalized randomized block design was used to evaluate the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal pellets on performance and attainment of puberty in growing beef heifers consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon) ad libitum. Sixty-four Angus crossbred heifers (240 ± 39 kg initial body weight; BW) were stratified and blocked (2 blocks: light and heavy) by initial BW and randomly allocated into 18 pens over 2 consecutive years (10 in year 1 and 8 in year 2). Within block, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 0 (CTL) or 0.3% of BW/d (as fed) of B. carinata meal pellets (BCM). Blood samples and BW were collected weekly for 70 d, before daily supplementation. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, day, treatment × day interactions, block, and block × treatment interactions, with the random effect of year. Plasma was analyzed for concentrations of progesterone, triiodothyronine (T(3)), thyroxine (T(4)), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and haptoglobin (Hp). An effect of treatment was observed (P ˂ 0.01) for ADG between CTL (0.14 kg) and BCM (0.42 kg). There was no treatment or block (P > 0.05) effect for concentrations of T(3), T(4), or Hp; however, there was an effect of day (P < 0.01) for T(3), T(4), and Cp. An effect of treatment (P ˂ 0.01) was observed for Cp, with CTL having greater concentrations compared with BCM. Time to attainment of puberty did not differ (P = 0.93) between treatments. Feeding B. carinata meal as a protein supplement at 0.3% of BW/d is a viable option for increasing ADG of growing beef heifers, without affecting attainment of puberty, thyroid hormone status, or eliciting an acute phase response.
- Published
- 2019
6. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal on ruminant metabolism and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in beef steers(,)
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, Silva, Gleise M, Garcia-Ascolani, M, Ciriaco, Francine M, Henry, Darren D, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Dubeux, Jose C B, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
Male ,Rumen ,Brassica ,Nutrients ,Animal Feed ,Diet ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Feces ,Random Allocation ,Dietary Supplements ,Fermentation ,Animals ,Cattle ,Digestion ,Paspalum ,Soybeans ,Ruminant Nutrition - Abstract
Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein) is obtained as a byproduct of hexane-solvent oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the use of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design was used to determine the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, and blood metabolites in beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay (Paspalum notatum Flüggé), compared with frequently used protein supplements. Eight Angus crossbred steers (473 ± 119 kg initial BW) were randomly allocated to 8 pens, over 4 periods of 28-d each. Within period, steers were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) 1.62 kg/d cottonseed meal (CSM); 2) 2.15 kg/d dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS); 3) 1.39 kg/d B. carinata meal pellets (BCM); or 4) 1.17 kg/d soybean meal (SBM), supplemented daily, on an isonitrogenous basis. Steers had ad libitum access to bahiagrass hay and water. Intake was measured using the GrowSafe system. Following a 14-d adaptation, feed and fecal samples were collected to determine apparent total tract nutrient digestibility using indigestible NDF as an internal marker. Blood and ruminal fluid samples were collected before providing the protein supplements and then every 3 h, during a 24-h period, to analyze urea nitrogen (PUN) and glucose in plasma, as well as ruminal pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH(3)-N), and VFA concentrations. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, time, treatment × time, square, and period, and the random effects of steer(square) and steer(treatment). No effect of treatment (P > 0.05) was observed for pH, NH(3)-N, or glucose concentration. An effect of treatment (P < 0.01) was observed for PUN, with steers receiving SBM having greater concentrations. A treatment × time interaction was observed (P < 0.05) for total VFA concentration, acetate to propionate ratio, and molar proportions of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate. Steers consuming SBM had greater molar proportions of branched-chain VFA (P < 0.01) compared with CSM and DDGS. There was no effect of treatment (P > 0.05) on intake or apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. Brassica carinata performed similarly to commonly used protein supplements indicating its viability as a protein supplement for beef cattle.
- Published
- 2019
7. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal as a protein supplement for growing beef heifers1,2
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, primary, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, additional, Silva, Gleise M, additional, Garcia-Ascolani, M, additional, Ciriaco, Francine M, additional, Henry, Darren D, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, Dubeux, Jose C B, additional, and Dilorenzo, Nicolas, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. 150 Administration of prostaglandin F2α 24 h prior to CIDR removal impacts reproductive performance of suckled beef cows assigned to the 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol
- Author
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Fontes, Pedro, primary, Cooke, Reinaldo F, additional, Oosthuizen, Nicola, additional, Timlin, Claire L, additional, Dias, Nicholas, additional, Currin, John F, additional, Clark, Sherrie, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, Pohler, Ky G, additional, and Mercadante, Vitor R G, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Evaluation ofBrassica carinatameal on ruminant metabolism and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in beef steers1,2
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, primary, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, additional, Silva, Gleise M, additional, Garcia-Ascolani, M, additional, Ciriaco, Francine M, additional, Henry, Darren D, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, Dubeux, Jose C B, additional, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Effects of administering exogenous bovine somatotropin to beef heifers during the first trimester on conceptus development as well as steroid- and eicosanoid-metabolizing enzymes.
- Author
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Sanford, Carla D, Owen, Megan P T, Oosthuizen, Nicola, Fontes, Pedro L P, Vonnahme, Kimberly A, Nelson, Megan, Reyaz, Arshi, Lemley, Caleb O, DiLorenzo, Nicolas, and Lamb, Graham Cliff
- Subjects
OVULATION ,SOMATOMEDIN C ,PREGNANCY in animals ,HEIFERS ,AMNIOTIC liquid ,SOMATOTROPIN ,COTYLEDONS ,GENITALIA - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bovine somatotropin (bST) on fetal and placental development during the first third of gestation in beef heifers. Angus heifers (n = 97) were randomly assigned to either receive a 500-mg injection of bST (BST) biweekly on days 0, 15, 29, 43, and 57 of gestation or not receive bST (CTL) throughout the experiment. Body weight (BW) was assessed on days −9, −3, 0, 15, 22, 29, 43, 50, 57, 64, and 77, while blood samples were collected on days 0, 22, 50, and 64. Pregnancy status was determined via transrectal ultrasonography on days 29 and 64. A subset of pregnant heifers (BST, n = 7; CTL, n = 5) were harvested on day 84, and complete gravid reproductive tracts and liver tissue were collected for analysis. Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), 2C (CYP2C), 3A (CYP3A), and uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) activities were determined. Mean change in BW and average daily gain of heifers between fixed-time artificial insemination (day 0) and day 77 did not differ between treatments (P ≥ 0.05). Mean concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF -1) were greater (P < 0.001) in BST (347 ± 27.7 ng/mL) compared with CTL (135 ± 32.8 ng/mL) heifers. Mean placental weight, fetal membrane weight, uterine weight, and ovarian and corpus luteum (CL) weights, as well as fetal morphometric data, did not differ (P ≥ 0.05) between treatments. However, BST heifers had greater (P = 0.03) quantities of combined fetal fluid compared with CTL (521.6 ± 22.9 vs. 429.6 ± 27.14 g, respectively). Tendencies were observed for BST heifers to have reproductive tracts with fewer placentomes (P = 0.08) and fetuses with greater umbilical diameters (P = 0.09) compared with CTL. The activity of CYP1A did not differ (P ≥ 0.05) within the maternal and fetal liver, caruncle, cotyledon, or CL tissue samples between treatments. Furthermore, CYP3A activity was only observed in maternal liver samples and was not different between treatments (P ≥ 0.05). Interestingly, CYP2C activity was greater (P = 0.01) in the liver of BST vs. CTL heifers, and UGT activity was greater (P = 0.02) in the CL from BST heifers compared with CTL. In conclusion, the administration of bST during the first third of gestation increased plasma concentrations of IGF-1, which resulted in an increase in fetal fluid, decrease in placentome number, and greater umbilical diameter, but failed to alter fetal development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Effects of bismuth subsalicylate and encapsulated calcium-ammonium nitrate on enteric methane production, nutrient digestibility, and liver mineral concentration of beef cattle.
- Author
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Henry, Darren D, Ciriaco, Francine M, Araujo, Rafael C, Fontes, Pedro L P, Oosthuizen, Nicola, Rostoll-Cangiano, Lautaro, Sanford, Carla D, Schulmeister, Tessa M, Dubeux, Jose C B, Lamb, Graham Cliff, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
HEIFERS ,BEEF cattle ,SUGARCANE ,BISMUTH ,LIVER ,METHANE ,NITRATES - Abstract
Two randomized block designs were performed to evaluate the effects of bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) and encapsulated calcium-ammonium nitrate (eCAN) on enteric methane production, nutrient digestibility, liver mineral concentration, and performance of beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay (Paspalum notatum ; ad libitum) and sugar cane molasses [1.07 kg/d; dry matter basis]. Experiment 1, used 25 crossbred steers [335 ± 46 kg of initial body weight (BW)] with a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments for two 20 d periods. Factors were nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) source (350 mg/kg BW of nitrate or 182 mg/kg BW of urea), BSS (0 or 58.4 mg/kg BW), and a negative control (NCTRL ; bahiagrass hay and molasses only). Steers were re-randomized for a second period (n = 10/treatment total). Intake, apparent total tract digestibility and enteric methane were evaluated. Experiment 2 used 75 crossbred heifers in 25 pens (3 heifers/pen; 279 ± 57 kg of initial BW), consuming the same diet and treatments as experiment 1, to determine liver mineral concentration and growth performance over 56 d. Orthogonal contrasts were used to evaluate the effects of NPN (NCTRL vs. others), source of NPN (NS ; urea vs. eCAN), BSS, and NS × BSS. For experiment 1, no interactions were observed for any variables, nor were there any effects of NPN on total tract digestibility of nutrients, except for crude protein. Digestibility of all nutrients was reduced (P ≤ 0.021) for steers consuming eCAN compared with urea. There was no effect (P > 0.155) of BSS on digestibility of nutrients; however, BSS reduced (P = 0.003) apparent S retention. Enteric CH
4 emission (g/kg BW0.75 ) was decreased (P = 0.051) by 11% with the addition of eCAN compared with urea. For experiment 2, no NS × BSS interactions (P ≥ 0.251) were observed to affect liver mineral concentration; however, the addition of BSS decreased liver concentration of Cu (P = 0.002) while increasing Fe concentration (P = 0.016). There was an NS × BSS interaction (P = 0.048) where heifers consuming eCAN and BSS had lesser final BW compared with heifers consuming urea and BSS. While eCAN may be a viable resource for mitigating enteric CH4 production of forage-fed cattle, the negative effects on digestibility should be considered. Furthermore, BSS, at the amount provided, appears to have no negative effects on digestibility of nutrients in forage-fed cattle; however, there may be deleterious impacts on performance depending upon what nitrogen source is supplied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. What Is the Economic Impact of Infertility in Beef Cattle?
- Author
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Prevatt, Chris, primary, Lamb, Graham Cliff, primary, Dahlen, Carl, primary, Mercadante, Vitor R.G., primary, and Waters, Kalyn, primary
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. The Florida Bull Test 2016–2017
- Author
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Canal, Luara B., primary, Lamb, Graham Cliff, primary, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas, primary
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. The Florida Bull Test 2015-2016
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Sanford, Carla D., primary, Lamb, Graham Cliff, primary, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas, primary
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal as a protein supplement for growing beef heifers,.
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, Silva, Gleise M, Garcia-Ascolani, M, Ciriaco, Francine M, Henry, Darren D, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Dubeux, Jose C B, and Dilorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
BERMUDA grass ,ACUTE phase reaction ,FIXED effects model ,BEEF cattle ,BRASSICA ,ACUTE phase proteins - Abstract
Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop in Florida with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein; CP) is obtained as a byproduct of oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the utilization of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A generalized randomized block design was used to evaluate the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal pellets on performance and attainment of puberty in growing beef heifers consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon) ad libitum. Sixty-four Angus crossbred heifers (240 ± 39 kg initial body weight; BW) were stratified and blocked (2 blocks: light and heavy) by initial BW and randomly allocated into 18 pens over 2 consecutive years (10 in year 1 and 8 in year 2). Within block, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 0 (CTL) or 0.3% of BW/d (as fed) of B. carinata meal pellets (BCM). Blood samples and BW were collected weekly for 70 d, before daily supplementation. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, day, treatment × day interactions, block, and block × treatment interactions, with the random effect of year. Plasma was analyzed for concentrations of progesterone, triiodothyronine (T
3 ), thyroxine (T4 ), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and haptoglobin (Hp). An effect of treatment was observed (P ˂ 0.01) for ADG between CTL (0.14 kg) and BCM (0.42 kg). There was no treatment or block (P > 0.05) effect for concentrations of T3 , T4 , or Hp; however, there was an effect of day (P < 0.01) for T3 , T4 , and Cp. An effect of treatment (P ˂ 0.01) was observed for Cp, with CTL having greater concentrations compared with BCM. Time to attainment of puberty did not differ (P = 0.93) between treatments. Feeding B. carinata meal as a protein supplement at 0.3% of BW/d is a viable option for increasing ADG of growing beef heifers, without affecting attainment of puberty, thyroid hormone status, or eliciting an acute phase response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal on ruminant metabolism and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in beef steers 1 , 2.
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, Silva, Gleise M, Garcia-Ascolani, M, Ciriaco, Francine M, Henry, Darren D, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Dubeux, Jose C B, and DiLorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
RUMEN fermentation ,FIXED effects model ,BEEF cattle ,BRASSICA ,SOYBEAN meal ,MAGIC squares - Abstract
Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein) is obtained as a byproduct of hexane-solvent oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the use of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design was used to determine the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, and blood metabolites in beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay (Paspalum notatum Flüggé), compared with frequently used protein supplements. Eight Angus crossbred steers (473 ± 119 kg initial BW) were randomly allocated to 8 pens, over 4 periods of 28-d each. Within period, steers were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) 1.62 kg/d cottonseed meal (CSM); 2) 2.15 kg/d dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS); 3) 1.39 kg/d B. carinata meal pellets (BCM) ; or 4) 1.17 kg/d soybean meal (SBM), supplemented daily, on an isonitrogenous basis. Steers had ad libitum access to bahiagrass hay and water. Intake was measured using the GrowSafe system. Following a 14-d adaptation, feed and fecal samples were collected to determine apparent total tract nutrient digestibility using indigestible NDF as an internal marker. Blood and ruminal fluid samples were collected before providing the protein supplements and then every 3 h, during a 24-h period, to analyze urea nitrogen (PUN) and glucose in plasma, as well as ruminal pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH
3 -N), and VFA concentrations. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, time, treatment × time, square, and period, and the random effects of steer(square) and steer(treatment). No effect of treatment (P > 0.05) was observed for pH, NH3 -N, or glucose concentration. An effect of treatment (P < 0.01) was observed for PUN, with steers receiving SBM having greater concentrations. A treatment × time interaction was observed (P < 0.05) for total VFA concentration, acetate to propionate ratio, and molar proportions of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate. Steers consuming SBM had greater molar proportions of branched-chain VFA (P < 0.01) compared with CSM and DDGS. There was no effect of treatment (P > 0.05) on intake or apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. Brassica carinata performed similarly to commonly used protein supplements indicating its viability as a protein supplement for beef cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The effects of intramuscular or intravenous injections of gonadotropin releasing hormone at fixed-time artificial insemination on pregnancy rates of Bos indicus beef cows
- Author
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Demeterco, Danilo, primary, Henry, Darren Dwayne, additional, Mercadante, Vitor Rodrigues Gomes, additional, Lamb, Graham Cliff, additional, Gaievski, Francisco Romano, additional, Weiss, Bruno, additional, Turbay, Gustavo Nascimento, additional, Segui, Márcio Saporski, additional, Weiss, Romildo Romualdo, additional, Betiol, Melina Andreia Formighieri, additional, and Kozicki, Luiz Ernandes, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Florida Bull Test 2012–2013
- Author
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Lamb, Graham Cliff, primary and DiLorenzo, Nicolas, primary
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Understanding the Effects of Forage Composition and Structure in Ruminant Nutrition
- Author
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Waters, Kalyn M., primary, DiLorenzo, Nicolas, primary, and Lamb, Graham Cliff, primary
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Implementing Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Programs in Beef Herds
- Author
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Mercadante, Vitor R.G. and Lamb, Graham Cliff
- Abstract
The article discusses the importance of reproductive biotechnologies, including artificial insemination and fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI), in beef cow-calf operations. The use of TAI improves cow-calf productivity and profitability by shortening the breeding season and increasing the number of calves born earlier, resulting in heavier calves at weaning. However, adoption of TAI by beef producers in the United States has been slow compared with the dairy industry and internationally, such as Brazil. Current TAI protocols are effective in synchronizing ovulation and yield consistent pregnancy results. Factors affecting the success of TAI include cow/heifer factors, sire, nutritional status, and cattle temperament.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Luteal color doppler ultrasonography and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins as early pregnancy diagnostic tools and predictors of pregnancy loss in Bos tauruspostpartum beef cows
- Author
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Holton, Matthew Patrick, Oosthuizen, Nicola, Melo, Gabriela Dalmaso de, Davis, Dylan Blake, Stewart, Robert Lawton, Pohler, Ky Garret, Lamb, Graham Cliff, and Fontes, Pedro Levy Piza
- Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of luteal color doppler (CD) ultrasonography and plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) for early pregnancy diagnosis in Bos taurusbeef cows. Additionally, CD and PAG were evaluated as potential predictors of late embryonic/early fetal mortality (LEM). Postpartum beef cows (n= 212) were exposed to estrus synchronization followed by fixed-time artificial insemination (day 0). On days 20 and 22, B-mode and CD ultrasonography were performed to evaluate corpus luteum (CL) morphometries and blood perfusion. Moreover, blood samples were collected on days 25 and 29 to quantify circulating concentrations of PAG. Conventional ultrasonography on days 29 and 100 was utilized as the gold-standard method for pregnancy diagnosis. Cows that experienced pregnancy loss between days 29 and 100 were classified as LEM. Pregnant cows had larger and more vascularized CL compared with nonpregnant cows on days 20 and 22 (P< 0.001 for all response variables). Accuracy for CD on days 20 and 22 were 87% and 92%, respectively. Accuracy for PAG on days 25 and 29 were 84% and 99%, respectively. No false negative (FN) results were observed for CD on both days 20 and 22; however, there were 7.1% FN results for PAG on day 25. Cows that experienced LEM had decreased (P= 0.04) circulating PAG on day 29 of gestation compared with cows that maintained pregnancy; however, there were no differences in luteal blood perfusion on days 20 and 22 (P≥ 0.53) or circulating PAG on day 25 (P= 0.46) between LEM cows and cows that maintained pregnancy. Sensitivity and specificity of PAG on day 29 as predictors of LEM were 83% and 77%, respectively. In conclusion, CD resulted in accurate pregnancy diagnosis in B. taurusbeef cows on both days 20 and 22 of gestation, while having no FN results. Circulating concentrations of PAG were decreased in cows that experienced LEM; however, further research is required to utilize PAG as a predictor of LEM commercially.Early pregnancy detection allows cattle producers to increase reproductive efficiency. Pregnancy failures associated with embryonic mortality represents an economic burden to the beef production industry. The present study evaluated the use of color doppler (CD) ultrasonography of specific ovarian structures and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) in plasma as potential alternatives to diagnose pregnancy earlier than industry-standard methods in beef cows with Bos taurusgenetics. Additionally, the present study evaluated the use of these methods to predict embryonic mortality during early gestation. The results of the present study indicate that: 1) CD can accurately recognize most nonpregnant cows with B. taurusgenetics as early as 20 days after breeding. 2) Plasma concentrations of PAG resulted in suboptimal accuracy on day 25 of gestation. 3) Cows that undergo pregnancy loss between 29 and 100 d after breeding have decreased concentrations of PAG in their circulation on day 29, even though they were identify as pregnant with ultrasonography on the same day. 4) Both blood concentrations of PAG and luteal blood perfusion estimated by CD failed to accurately predict pregnancy loss.Decreased luteal blood perfusion, evaluated through color doppler ultrasonography, recognized most nonpregnant Bos tauruscows on days 20 and 22 of gestation, while no false negative results were observed. Luteal blood perfusion on days 20 and 22, and plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins on days 25 and 29 failed to predict late embryonic mortality.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. 150 Administration of prostaglandin F2α 24 h prior to CIDR removal impacts reproductive performance of suckled beef cows assigned to the 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol.
- Author
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Fontes, Pedro, Cooke, Reinaldo F, Oosthuizen, Nicola, Timlin, Claire L, Dias, Nicholas, Currin, John F, Clark, Sherrie, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Pohler, Ky G, and Mercadante, Vitor R G
- Subjects
COWS ,CORPUS luteum ,ESTRUS ,CATTLE reproduction ,ARTIFICIAL insemination ,BLOOD plasma ,BENEFIT performances - Abstract
Angus-influenced cows received 100 µg of GnRH and a CIDR device containing 1.38 g of progesterone (P4) on d 0, and were randomly assigned to 25-mg injection of PGF
2α on d 6 (PG6; n = 147) or d 7 (PG7; n = 162). The CIDR device was removed on d 7, and cows received 100 µg of GnRH and artificial insemination (AI) on d 10. An estrus detection patch was attached to the tailhed of each cow on d 7, and estrus expression assessed at AI (> 50% coating removal). Blood samples were collected on d 0 to determine the presence of a functional corpus luteum via plasma P4 (CL, P4 ≥ 1.0 ng/mL; NOCL P4< 1.0 ng/ mL). A subset of cows (70 cows/treatment) were assigned to ultrasonography at AI to verify dominant follicle diameter (DFD). Blood samples for plasma P4 analysis were collected (42 cows/treatment) on d 6, and on d 7 at CIDR removal and 1 h later. A similar proportion of PG6 and PG7 cows were classified as CL (P = 0.38). Plasma P4 at CIDR removal and 1 h later were less in PG6 vs. PG7 cows classified as CL (1.81 vs. 3.99 and 1.06 vs. 2.89 ng/mL), and did not differ (P ≥ 0.43) within NOCL. Estrus expression was greater in PG6 vs. PG7 cows classified as CL (72.8 vs. 48.3%), but similar (P = 0.96) within NOCL. Pregnancy rates did not differ between treatments (P = 0.53), despite a numerical difference (P = 0.15) between PG6 vs. PG7 cows classified as CL (65.5 vs. 55.0%). No other treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.20). Hence, PGF2α administration 24 h prior to CIDR removal appears to benefit reproductive performance of beef cows with a functional CL at the beginning of the 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Evaluation of Brassica carinata meal as a protein supplement for growing beef heifers,.
- Author
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Schulmeister, Tessa M, Ruiz-Moreno, Martin, Silva, Gleise M, Garcia-Ascolani, M, Ciriaco, Francine M, Henry, Darren D, Lamb, Graham Cliff, Dubeux, Jose C B, and Dilorenzo, Nicolas
- Subjects
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BERMUDA grass , *ACUTE phase reaction , *FIXED effects model , *BEEF cattle , *BRASSICA , *ACUTE phase proteins - Abstract
Brassica carinata is a new oilseed crop in Florida with the potential of producing high-quality jet biofuel. A high-protein meal (~40% crude protein; CP) is obtained as a byproduct of oil extraction; however, limited research is available on the utilization of this meal as a protein supplement for beef cattle. A generalized randomized block design was used to evaluate the effects of supplementation with B. carinata meal pellets on performance and attainment of puberty in growing beef heifers consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon) ad libitum. Sixty-four Angus crossbred heifers (240 ± 39 kg initial body weight; BW) were stratified and blocked (2 blocks: light and heavy) by initial BW and randomly allocated into 18 pens over 2 consecutive years (10 in year 1 and 8 in year 2). Within block, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 0 (CTL) or 0.3% of BW/d (as fed) of B. carinata meal pellets (BCM). Blood samples and BW were collected weekly for 70 d, before daily supplementation. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS with repeated measures. Model included the fixed effects of treatment, day, treatment × day interactions, block, and block × treatment interactions, with the random effect of year. Plasma was analyzed for concentrations of progesterone, triiodothyronine (T 3 ), thyroxine (T 4 ), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and haptoglobin (Hp). An effect of treatment was observed (P ˂ 0.01) for ADG between CTL (0.14 kg) and BCM (0.42 kg). There was no treatment or block (P > 0.05) effect for concentrations of T3, T4, or Hp; however, there was an effect of day (P < 0.01) for T3, T4, and Cp. An effect of treatment (P ˂ 0.01) was observed for Cp, with CTL having greater concentrations compared with BCM. Time to attainment of puberty did not differ (P = 0.93) between treatments. Feeding B. carinata meal as a protein supplement at 0.3% of BW/d is a viable option for increasing ADG of growing beef heifers, without affecting attainment of puberty, thyroid hormone status, or eliciting an acute phase response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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