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2. Radiative forcing since preindustrial times due to ozone change in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere

Author

Gauss, M., Myhre, G., Isaksen, I. S. A, Grewe, V., Pitari, G., Wild, O., Collins, W. J, Dentener, F. J, Ellingsen, K., Gohar, L. K, Hauglustaine, D. A, Iachetti, D., Lamarque, F., Mancini, E., Mickley, L. J, Prather, M. J, Pyle, J. A, Sanderson, M. G, Shine, K. P, Stevenson, D. S, Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G.

Subjects
anthropogenic source, climate change, ozone, radiative forcing, stratosphere, troposphere
Abstract

Changes in atmospheric ozone have occurred since the preindustrial era as a result of increasing anthropogenic emissions. Within ACCENT, a European Network of Excellence, ozone changes between 1850 and 2000 are assessed for the troposphere and the lower stratosphere (up to 30 km) by a variety of seven chemistry-climate models and three chemical transport models. The modeled ozone changes are taken as input for detailed calculations of radiative forcing.When only changes in chemistry are considered (constant climate) the modeled global-mean tropospheric ozone column increase since preindustrial times ranges from 7.9 DU to 13.8 DU among the ten participating models, while the stratospheric column reduction lies between 14.1 DU and 28.6 DU in the models considering stratospheric chemistry. The resulting radiative forcing is strongly dependent on the location and altitude of the modeled ozone change and varies between 0.25 Wm−2 and 0.45 Wm−2 due to ozone change in the troposphere and −0.123 Wm−2 and +0.066 Wm−2 due to the stratospheric ozone change.Changes in ozone and other greenhouse gases since preindustrial times have altered climate. Six out of the ten participating models have performed an additional calculation taking into account both chemical and climate change. In most models the isolated effect of climate change is an enhancement of the tropospheric ozone column increase, while the stratospheric reduction becomes slightly less severe. In the three climate-chemistry models with detailed tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry the inclusion of climate change increases the resulting radiative forcing due to tropospheric ozone change by up to 0.10 Wm−2, while the radiative forcing due to stratospheric ozone change is reduced by up to 0.034 Wm−2.Considering tropospheric and stratospheric change combined, the total ozone column change is negative while the resulting net radiative forcing is positive.

Published
2006

3. Fiddling in biodiversity hotspots while deserts burn? Collapse of the Sahara's megafauna

Author

Durant, S. M., Wacher, T., Bashir, S., Woodroffe, R., De Ornellas, P., Ransom, C., Newby, J., Abáigar, T., Abdelgadir, M., Alqamy, H. El, Baillie, J., Beddiaf, M., Belbachir, F., Belbachir-Bazi, A., Berbash, A. A., Bemadjim, N. E., Beudels-Jamar, R., Boitani, L., Breitenmoser, C., Cano, M., Chardonnet, P., Collen, B., Cornforth, W. A., Cuzin, F., Gerngross, P., Haddane, B., Hadjeloum, M., Jacobson, A., Jebali, A., Lamarque, F., Mallon, D., Minkowski, K., Monfort, S., Ndoassal, B., Niagate, B., Purchase, G., Samaïla, S., Samna, A. K., Sillero-Zubiri, C., Soultan, A. E., Price, M. R. Stanley, and Pettorelli, N.

Published
2014

4. Forgotten Biodiversity in Desert Ecosystems

Author

DURANT, S. M., PETTORELLI, N., BASHIR, S., WOODROFFE, R., WACHER, T., DE ORNELLAS, P., RANSOM, C., ABÁIGAR, T., ABDELGADIR, M., ALQAMY, H. EL, BEDDIAF, M., BELBACHIR, F., BELBACHIR-BAZI, A., BERBASH, A. A., BEUDELS-JAMAR, R., BOITANI, L., BREITENMOSER, C., CANO, M., CHARDONNET, P., COLLEN, B., CORNFORTH, W. A., CUZIN, F., GERNGROSS, P., HADDANE, B., HADJELOUM, M., JACOBSON, A., JEBALI, A., LAMARQUE, F., MALLON, D., MINKOWSKI, K., MONFORT, S., NDOASSAL, B., NEWBY, J., NGAKOUTOU, B. E., NIAGATE, B., PURCHASE, G., SAMAÏLA, S., SAMNA, A. K., SILLERO-ZUBIRI, C., SOULTAN, A. E., PRICE, M. R. STANLEY, and BAILLIE, J. E. M.

Published
2012
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6. Empirical first-line treatment use and effectiveness trends in Europe in the period 2013- 2020: results from the European registry on H. pylori management (HP-EUREG)

Author

O. P. Nyssen , Á. Pérez-Aísa , D. Vaira , L. Jonaitis , B. Tepes , A. Keco-Huerga , M. Castro- Fernández , A. Lucendo , D. Bordin , N. Brglez Jurecic , L. Vologzhanina, M. Caldas , G. Fadieienko, R. Abdulkhakov, L. Bujanda, M. Leja, M. Romano, S. Georgopoulos, Ante Tonkić, H. Simsek, A. Gasbarrini, G. M Buzas, P. Phull, M. Venerito, P. Malfertheiner, J. Kupčinskas , G. Babayeva, O. Shvets, F. Lerang, R. Marcos Pinto, T. Rokkas, I. Simsek, S. Smith, Y. Niv, D. Lamarque, F. Heluwaert, A. Goldis, W. Marlicz, V. Milivojevic, L. Boyanova, L. Kunovský, V. Lamy, C. Beglinger, P. Bytzer, L. Capelle, I. Puig, F. Mégraud, C. O’Morain, J. P. Gisbert

Subjects
Helicobacter pylori
Abstract

Background: The impact of consensus, prescription choices and efficacy trends on clinical practice over time has not been studied in depth. Methods: International multicenter prospective non-interventional registry aimed to evaluate the decisions and outcomes of H. pylori management by European gastroenterologists. All infected adult patients were registered at AEG-REDCap e-CRF up to February 2021. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and time trend analyses were performed. Results: So far 29, 634 first-line empirical prescriptions from 31 European countries have been included. Overall, the most common prescribed treatments in the 2013-20 were triple therapies ; however, a shift in antibiotic regimens was identified. Triple therapies decreased from over 50% of prescription in 2013/15 to less than 20% in 2018/20. Non- bismuth concomitant therapy use decreased from 21% in 2013/14 to 13% in 2019/20, while Pylera® increased from 0-1% in 2014/2015 to 19% in 2019/20. An increase in the average duration of treatments from 11 to 13 days in 2013-2020, and of the daily dose of PPI, was identified (No trend was identified (data now shown) ; however, there was an 8% overall improvement in first-line mITT overall effectiveness from 2013 to 2020 (Table 1). Conclusions: European gastroenterological practice is constantly adapting to the newest published evidence and recommendations (reducing the use of triple therapies and increasing the duration of treatment and the dose of PPIs), with a subsequent progressive improvement in overall effectiveness.

Published
2021

7. First-line empirical H. pylori eradication therapy in Europe: results from 30,000 cases of the European registry on H. pylori management (HP- EUREG)

Author

O. P. Nyssen, Á. Pérez-Aísa, D. Vaira, L. Jonaitis, B. Tepeš, A. Keco-Huerga, M. Castro Fernández, A. Lucendo, D. Bordin, N. Brglez Jurecic, L. Vologzhanina, M. Caldas, G. Fadieienko, R. Abdulkhakov, L. Bujanda, M. Leja, M. Romano, S. Georgopoulos, V. Ntouli, Ante Tonkić, H. Simsek, A. Gasbarrini, G. M Buzas, P. Phull, M. Venerito, P. Malfertheiner, J. Kupčinskas, G. Babayeva, O. Shvets, F. Lerang, R. Marcos Pinto, T. Rokkas, I. Ilkay Simsek, S. Smith, Y. Niv, D. Lamarque, F. Heluwaert, A. Goldis, W. Marlicz, V. Milivojevic, L. Boyanova, L. Kunovský, V. Lamy, C. Beglinger, P. Bytzer, L. Capelle, I. Puig, F. Mégraud, C. O’Morain, J. P. Gisbert

Subjects
Helicobacter pylori, eradication therapy
Abstract

Introduction: The best approach for Helicobacter pylori management re-mains unclear. An audit process is essential to ensure clinical practice is aligned with best standards of care.Aims & Methods: International multicentre prospective non-intervention-al registry starting in 2013 aimed to evaluate the decisions and outcomes in H. pylori management by European gastroenterologists. Patients were registered in an e-CRF by AEG-REDCap up to February 2021. Variables in-cluded: demographics, previous eradication attempts, prescribed treat-ment, adverse events, and outcomes. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed and data were subject to quality review to ensure information reliability.Results: In total 41, 562 patients from 31 European countries were evaluat-ed and 29, 634 (70%) first-line empirical H. pylori treatments were included for analysis. Triple therapy with amoxicillin and clarithromycin was most commonly prescribed (39%), followed by non-bismuth concomitant treat-ment (18%) and bismuth quadruple (three-in-one single capsule) (12%), achieving 84%, 90% and 94% mITT eradication rate, respectively. Over 90% effectiveness was obtained only with 10 and 14-day bismuth quadru- ple or with 14-day concomitant treatment (Table). Longer treatment dura-tion, higher acid inhibition and compliance were associated with higher eradication rates. Conclusion: Management of H. pylori infection by European gastroenter-ologists is heterogeneous. Only quadruple therapies lasting at least ten days are able to achieve over 90% eradication rates.

Published
2021

8. Empirical second-line treatments in Europe: results from the European registry on H. pylori management (HP-EUREG)

Author

O. P. Nyssen , Á. Pérez-Aísa , D. Vaira , G. Fiorini , L. Rodrigo , A. Keco-Huerga , M. Castro- Fernández , J. Kupčinskas , L. Jonaitis , B. Tepes , L. Vologzhanina , M. Caldas , S. Martinez- Dominguez , E. Alfaro , A. Lucendo, L. Bujanda, T. Di Maira, J. Barrio, J. M. Huguet, J. Perez Lasala, D. Bordin, M. Leja, A. Gasbarrini, S. Georgopoulos, F. Lerang, P. Phull, T. Rokkas, O. Shvets, Y. Niv, D. Lamarque, F. Heluwaert, Ante Tonkić, M. Venerito, I. Simsek, V. Milivojevic, G. M Buzas, V. Lamy, W. Marlicz, L. Boyanova, P. Bytzer, L. Capelle, L. Kunovský, A. Goldis, C. Beglinger, M. Espada , I. Puig, F. Mégraud, C. O’Morain, J. P. Gisbert

Subjects
Helicobacter pylori
Abstract

Background: After a first eradication attempt, approximately 10-20% of patients will fail to achieve H. pylori eradication. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of second-line empirical treatments. Methods: A systematic prospective registry of the clinical practice of European gastroenterologists (31 countries) on H. pylori management was established. All infected adult patients were systematically registered at AEG-REDCap e-CRF until February 2021. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) and per- protocol (PP) analyses were performed. Results: Overall, 5, 228 patients received a second-line empirical therapy. Overall effectiveness was 84% (both by mITT and PP). Over 97% of patients were compliant. AEs were reported in 28% of the cases. Most frequent second-line prescriptions and effectiveness per antibiotic combination is shown in table 1. After failure of first-line clarithromycin-containing treatment, optimal eradication (>90%) was obtained with moxifloxacin-containing triple therapy, or quadruple therapy with levofloxacin and bismuth. In patients receiving triple regimens containing levofloxacin or moxifloxacin and levofloxacin-bismuth quadruple regimens, cure rates were optimized with 14-day regimens using high doses of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). However, Pylera® or quadruple therapy with levofloxacin and bismuth achieved consistent eradication rates regardless of the PPI dose, duration of therapy, or previous firstline treatment regimen. Conclusion: Empirical second-line regimens including either 14-day triple therapies with levofloxacin or moxifloxacin, or 14-day levofloxacin-bismuth quadruple or 10-day bismuth quadruple therapies provided optimal effectiveness. However, many other second-line treatments evaluated reported low eradication rates.

Published
2021

20. Avian influenza viruses in water birds, Africa

Author

Gaidet, N., Dodman, T., Caron, A., Balança, G., Desvaux, S., flavie luce goutard, Cattoli, G., Lamarque, F., Hagemeijer, W., and Monicat, F.

Subjects
animal structures, water birds, Chad, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Influenzavirus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Charadriiformes, Grippe aviaire, Anseriformes, Animals, Surveillance épidémiologique, lcsh:RC109-216, Bird Diseases, lcsh:R, Dispatch, food and beverages, virus diseases, Oiseau, Animal sauvage, Kenya, Ducks, Influenza A virus, Influenza in Birds, Wetlands, Africa, avian influenza, geographic locations
Abstract

We report the first large-scale surveillance of avian influenza viruses in water birds conducted in Africa. This study shows evidence of avian influenza viruses in wild birds, both Eurasian and Afro-tropical species, in several maior wetlands of Africa.

Published
2007

21. Influenza surveillance in wild birds in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa : preliminary results from an ongoing FAO-led survey

Author

Gaidet, N., Dodman, T., Caron, A., Balança, G., Desvaux, S., flavie luce goutard, Cattoli, G., Martin, V., Tripodi, A., Lamarque, F., Hagemeijer, W., and Monicat, F.

Subjects
viruses, Surveillance épidémiologique, L20 - Écologie animale, Influenzavirus aviaire, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Oiseau aquatique, Écosystème
Abstract

In the context of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (IIPAI) II5N1 virus through Eurasia during 2005, a surveillance study of wild birds was launched in early 2006 within the framework of regional Technical Cooperation Programmes of Food and Agriculture Organization in several countries of eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. From mid-January to mid-May 2006, field campaigns were conducted in 14 countries, including recently infected countries. In total, 5,256 samples were collected in large wetland areas where Eurasian and Afro-tropical waterbirds congregate. The overall prevalence of avian influenza viruses detected by RT-PCR was 3.3%, with no positivity for IIPAI II5N1 virus. Five distinct virus isolates were obtained from the RT-PCR positive samples. Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses were detected and isolated in both Eurasian and Afro-tropical bird species, indicating that low pathogenic viruses were circulating in Africa during the northern winter. These findings reveal that LPAI virus persists in wild birds in subtropical environments and support the hypothesis that avian influenza viruses could he perpetuated in wild birds throughout the year, including in Palearctic waterbirds wintering in sub-Saharan Africa before their northward spring migration.

Published
2007

24. Nematode infestation and body condition in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Author

Segonds-Pichon, Anne, Ferté, H., Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Lamarque, F., Duncan, Patrick, Biodémographie évolutive, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), and Bonnet, Delphine

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2000

25. Nematode infestation and body condition in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Author

Segonds-Pichon, A., Ferté, H., Gaillard, J.-M., Lamarque, F., Duncan, P., Biodémographie évolutive, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT]
Published
2000

27. Fiddling in biodiversity hotspots while deserts burn? Collapse of the Sahara's megafauna

Author

Durant, S. M., primary, Wacher, T., additional, Bashir, S., additional, Woodroffe, R., additional, De Ornellas, P., additional, Ransom, C., additional, Newby, J., additional, Abáigar, T., additional, Abdelgadir, M., additional, El Alqamy, H., additional, Baillie, J., additional, Beddiaf, M., additional, Belbachir, F., additional, Belbachir-Bazi, A., additional, Berbash, A. A., additional, Bemadjim, N. E., additional, Beudels-Jamar, R., additional, Boitani, L., additional, Breitenmoser, C., additional, Cano, M., additional, Chardonnet, P., additional, Collen, B., additional, Cornforth, W. A., additional, Cuzin, F., additional, Gerngross, P., additional, Haddane, B., additional, Hadjeloum, M., additional, Jacobson, A., additional, Jebali, A., additional, Lamarque, F., additional, Mallon, D., additional, Minkowski, K., additional, Monfort, S., additional, Ndoassal, B., additional, Niagate, B., additional, Purchase, G., additional, Samaïla, S., additional, Samna, A. K., additional, Sillero-Zubiri, C., additional, Soultan, A. E., additional, Stanley Price, M. R., additional, and Pettorelli, N., additional

Published
2013
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46. The value of wildlife

Author

CHARDONNET, PH., primary, DES CLERS, B., additional, FISHER, J.R., additional, GERHOLD, R., additional, JORI, F., additional, and LAMARQUE, F., additional

Published
2002
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