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2. GATE : a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT

Author

Jan, S., Santin, G., Strul, D., Staelens, S., Assie, K., Autret, D., Avner, S., Barbier, R., Bardies, M., Bloomfield, P. M., Brasse, D., Breton, V., Bruyndonckx, P., Buvat, I., Chatziioannou, A. F., Choi, Y., Chung, Y. H., Comtat, C., Donnarieix, D., Ferrer, L., Glick, S. J., Groiselle, C. J., Guez, D., Honore, P. -F., Kerhoas-Cavata, S., Kirov, A. S., Kohli, V., Koole, M., Krieguer, M., van der Laan, D. J., Lamare, F., Largeron, G., Lartizien, C., Lazaro, D., Maas, M. C., Maigne, L., Mayet, F., Melot, F., Merheb, C., Pennacchio, E., Perez, J., Pietrzyk, U., Rannou, F. R., Rey, M., Schaart, D. R., Schmidtlein, C. R., Simon, L., Song, T. Y., Vieira, J. -M., Visvikis, D., Van de Walle, R., Wieers, E., and Morel, C.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

Monte Carlo simulation is an essential tool in emission tomography that can assist in the design of new medical imaging devices, the optimization of acquisition protocols, and the development or assessment of image reconstruction algorithms and correction techniques. GATE, the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission, encapsulates the Geant4 libraries to achieve a modular, versatile, scripted simulation toolkit adapted to the field of nuclear medicine. In particular, GATE allows the description of time-dependent phenomena such as source or detector movement, and source decay kinetics. This feature makes it possible to simulate time curves under realistic acquisition conditions and to test dynamic reconstruction algorithms. A public release of GATE licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License can be downloaded at the address http://www-lphe.epfl.ch/GATE/.

Published
2004
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12. The Use of Records to Manage Risks Associated with the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities

Author

Lamare, F., Portelli, Aurélien, CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de recherche sur les Risques et les Crises (CRC), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), CEA-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire (CEA-DEN), PSL Research University (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, and MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL)

Subjects
DEMANTELEMENT, ARCHIVES, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Nuclear Facility, [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Records, Digitisation, INSTALLATION NUCLEAIRES, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Decommissioning, Radioactive Risk
Abstract

International audience; The search for detailed information about the configuration and operating history of a nuclear installation is a key, initial step in dismantling this type of installation. Archives and related record groups can contribute significantly to reducing the risks associated with decommissioning. This article describes the methods applied by the archive unit of the Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission at Marcoule in France in support of dismantling projects. The first section proposes some definitions of an archive. The second describes the unit's method, and illustrates its application to the record group of a nuclear facility. The third presents some examples of the operational use of archives in dismantling projects and the results obtained. The fourth section outlines the limits of the use of archives by comparing them with the other sources of information available to engineers.

Published
2019

15. Imaging of Vascular Inflammation with [11C]-PK11195 and PET/CT Angiography

Author

Pugliese F, Gaemperli O, Kinderlerer AR, Shalhoub, J, Davies, AH, Lamare F, Rimoldi OE, Mason JC, CAMICI , PAOLO, Pugliese, F, Gaemperli, O, Kinderlerer, Ar, Shalhoub, J, Davies, Ah, Lamare, F, Rimoldi, Oe, Mason JC, and Camici, Paolo

Abstract

Objectives We sought to investigate whether positron emission tomography/CT angiography using [11C]-PK11195, a selective ligand for peripheral benzodiazepine receptors expressed in activated macrophages, can be used to image vascular inflammation.Background Activated macrophages and T lymphocytes are fundamental elements in the pathogenesis of large vessel vasculitides.Methods Fifteen patients (aged 52±16 years) with systemic inflammatory disorders (6 consecutive symptomatic patients with clinical suspicion of active vasculitis and 9 asymptomatic control patients) underwent PET with [11C]-PK11195 and CT angiography. [11C]-PK11195 uptake was measured by calculating target-to-background ratios (TBR) of activity normalized to venous blood. Results Co-registration of PET with contrast-enhanced CT angiography facilitated localization of [11C]-PK11195 arterial wall uptake. Visual analysis revealed focal [11C]-PK11195 uptake in the arterial wall of all 6 symptomatic patients, but in none of the asymptomatic controls. Whilst serum inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white cell count) did not differ significantly between the 2 groups, symptomatic patients had increased [11C]-PK11195 vascular uptake (TBR 2.41±1.59 versus 0.98±0.10; p=0.001). Conclusions By binding to activated macrophages in the vessel wall, [11C]-PK11195 enables noninvasive imaging of vascular inflammation. Alternative longer lived radioligands for probing peripheral benzodiazepine receptors are being tested for wider clinical applications.

Published
2010

16. Evaluation of respiratory and cardiac motion correction schemes in dual gated PET/CT cardiac imaging

Author

Lamare, F., Le Maitre, A., Dawood, M., Schaefers, K. P., Fernandez, P., Rimoldi, O. E., and Visvikis, D.

Subjects
dual-gating, PET/CT, affine and elastic registration, motion correction, image reconstruction
Abstract

PURPOSE: Cardiac imaging suffers from both respiratory and cardiac motion. One of the proposed solutions involves double gated acquisitions. Although such an approach may lead to both respiratory and cardiac motion compensation there are issues associated with (a) the combination of data from cardiac and respiratory motion bins, and (b) poor statistical quality images as a result of using only part of the acquired data. The main objective of this work was to evaluate different schemes of combining binned data in order to identify the best strategy to reconstruct motion free cardiac images from dual gated positron emission tomography (PET) acquisitions. METHODS: A digital phantom study as well as seven human studies were used in this evaluation. PET data were acquired in list mode (LM). A real-time position management system and an electrocardiogram device were used to provide the respiratory and cardiac motion triggers registered within the LM file. Acquired data were subsequently binned considering four and six cardiac gates, or the diastole only in combination with eight respiratory amplitude gates. PET images were corrected for attenuation, but no randoms nor scatter corrections were included. Reconstructed images from each of the bins considered above were subsequently used in combination with an affine or an elastic registration algorithm to derive transformation parameters allowing the combination of all acquired data in a particular position in the cardiac and respiratory cycles. Images were assessed in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast, image profile, coefficient-of-variation (COV), and relative difference of the recovered activity concentration. RESULTS: Regardless of the considered motion compensation strategy, the nonrigid motion model performed better than the affine model, leading to higher SNR and contrast combined with a lower COV. Nevertheless, when compensating for respiration only, no statistically significant differences were observed in the performance of the two motion models considered. Superior image SNR and contrast were seen using the affine respiratory motion model in combination with the diastole cardiac bin in comparison to the use of the whole cardiac cycle. In contrast, when simultaneously correcting for cardiac beating and respiration, the elastic respiratory motion model outperformed the affine model. In this context, four cardiac bins associated with eight respiratory amplitude bins seemed to be adequate. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the compensation of respiratory motion effects only, both affine and elastic based approaches led to an accurate resizing and positioning of the myocardium. The use of the diastolic phase combined with an affine model based respiratory motion correction may therefore be a simple approach leading to significant quality improvements in cardiac PET imaging. However, the best performance was obtained with the combined correction for both cardiac and respiratory movements considering all the dual-gated bins independently through the use of an elastic model based motion compensation.

Published
2014
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23. Évaluation de la tomographie par émission de positons à la 18Fluorocholine (FCH-TEP) dans le bilan initial du cancer de la prostate (CP) à haut risque et à risque intermédiaire : étude prospective sur 97 patients

Author

De Clermont-Gallerande, H., primary, Pasticier, G., additional, Lebras, Y., additional, Robert, G., additional, Mokrane, Y., additional, Fouchet, S., additional, Cornelis, F., additional, Lamare, F., additional, Ferriere, J.M., additional, Balanger, P., additional, Grenier, N., additional, Ravaud, A., additional, and Fernandez, P., additional

Published
2013
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35. Super-resolution in 4D positron emission tomography

Author

Wallach, D., primary, Lamare, F., additional, Rubio, J., additional, Ledesma-Carbayo, M. J., additional, Kontaxakis, G., additional, Santos, A., additional, Marechal, P., additional, Roux, C., additional, and Visvikis, D., additional

Published
2008
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49. GATE: a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT

Author

Jan, S, primary, Santin, G, additional, Strul, D, additional, Staelens, S, additional, Assié, K, additional, Autret, D, additional, Avner, S, additional, Barbier, R, additional, Bardiès, M, additional, Bloomfield, P M, additional, Brasse, D, additional, Breton, V, additional, Bruyndonckx, P, additional, Buvat, I, additional, Chatziioannou, A F, additional, Choi, Y, additional, Chung, Y H, additional, Comtat, C, additional, Donnarieix, D, additional, Ferrer, L, additional, Glick, S J, additional, Groiselle, C J, additional, Guez, D, additional, Honore, P-F, additional, Kerhoas-Cavata, S, additional, Kirov, A S, additional, Kohli, V, additional, Koole, M, additional, Krieguer, M, additional, Laan, D J van der, additional, Lamare, F, additional, Largeron, G, additional, Lartizien, C, additional, Lazaro, D, additional, Maas, M C, additional, Maigne, L, additional, Mayet, F, additional, Melot, F, additional, Merheb, C, additional, Pennacchio, E, additional, Perez, J, additional, Pietrzyk, U, additional, Rannou, F R, additional, Rey, M, additional, Schaart, D R, additional, Schmidtlein, C R, additional, Simon, L, additional, Song, T Y, additional, Vieira, J-M, additional, Visvikis, D, additional, Walle, R Van de, additional, Wieërs, E, additional, and Morel, C, additional

Published
2004
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