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6. Correction of angular deformities of knee in children using guided growth technique 8-plates

Author

Lohith BM, Purushotham Lal R, Kiran Kumar MN, and Adarsh Dalapathi

Subjects
angular deformities, guided growth, 8 plate, knee in children, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: Angular deformities of the knee, a common problem in the early years of life are frequently encountered in paediatric orthopaedics not only because of very high incidence of these deformities but also because of major parental concern in the present highly demanding sports oriented society. The purpose of this study was to discuss the role of 8-plate hemi-epiphysiodesis to correct angular deformities of the knee joint. Materials and methods: The study had total of 25 children with total 45 knees having varus or valgus angular deformities, of which 20 were bilateral and 5 were unilateral. All patients were symptomatic and were followed for regular intervals of 6 months to observe the change of the deformity. Results: The mean preoperative genu valgum deformity was 19.79 degrees (ranging from 13-35 degrees) and genu varum deformity was 17.29 degrees (9-25 degrees). 91.1% of the deformed knees were corrected fully at the mean final follow up period of 27 months, neutralizing the mechanical axis and correction of the deformity. Conclusions: 8-plate is technically simple and potent tool to correct genu valgum and varus deformities around knee in children without need for osteotomies in many children. Based on the low complication rate, patient acceptance, and the rapidity of improvement, this technique should be used as treatment of choice.

Published
2024
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10. Towards a global-scale soil climate mitigation strategy

Author

Amelung, W, Bossio, D, de Vries, W, Kögel-Knabner, I, Lehmann, J, Amundson, R, Bol, R, Collins, C, Lal, R, Leifeld, J, Minasny, B, Pan, G, Paustian, K, Rumpel, C, Sanderman, J, van Groenigen, JW, Mooney, S, van Wesemael, B, Wander, M, and Chabbi, A

Subjects
Life on Land
Abstract

Sustainable soil carbon sequestration practices need to be rapidly scaled up and implemented to contribute to climate change mitigation. We highlight that the major potential for carbon sequestration is in cropland soils, especially those with large yield gaps and/or large historic soil organic carbon losses. The implementation of soil carbon sequestration measures requires a diverse set of options, each adapted to local soil conditions and management opportunities, and accounting for site-specific trade-offs. We propose the establishment of a soil information system containing localised information on soil group, degradation status, crop yield gap, and the associated carbon-sequestration potentials, as well as the provision of incentives and policies to translate management options into region- and soil-specific practices.

Published
2020

11. Technical Advances to Accelerate Modular Type I Polyketide Synthase Engineering towards a Retro-biosynthetic Platform

Author

Pang, B, Valencia, LE, Wang, J, Wan, Y, Lal, R, Zargar, A, and Keasling, JD

Subjects
polyketide synthase, retro-biosynthetic analysis, protein engineering, heterologous expression, biofuels, bioproducts, Biotechnology, Genetics, Chemical Engineering
Abstract

Modular type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) are multifunctional proteins that are comprised of individual domains organized into modules. These modules act together to assemble complex polyketides from acyl-CoA substrates in a linear fashion. This assembly-line enzymology makes engineered PKSs a potential retro-biosynthetic platform to produce fuels, commodity chemicals, speciality chemicals, and pharmaceuticals in various host microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. However, the realization of this potential is restricted by practical difficulties in strain engineering, protein overexpression, and titer/yield optimization. These challenges are becoming more possible to overcome due to technical advances in PKS design, engineered heterologous hosts, DNA synthesis and assembly, PKS heterologous expression, and analytical methodology. In this review, we highlight these technical advances in PKS engineering and provide practical considerations thereof.

Published
2019

12. Advanced regenerative braking system for modern electric vehicles.

Author

Joy, Aji, Sukesini, C. S., Sandra, M. S., Thomas, Sen Gee, Lal, R. S. Arun, and Rahul, K.

Subjects
REGENERATIVE braking, BRAKE systems, ZERO emissions vehicles, KINETIC energy, ELECTRICAL energy
Abstract

The concept of environment-friendly and zero emission Electric Vehicles is getting wide acceptance. Electric vehicles have many advantages such as energy efficiency, b e i ng environmentally friendly and it can run on renewable energy. Compared to ordinary vehicles, the electric vehicle has less noise and a smoother driving experience. Electricity is less expensive than petrol and diesel. Electric vehicles also have some disadvantages such as it a high initial cost and the availability of charging stations are less and therefore it does not suited for travelling long distances. Electric vehicles take more time to recharge compared to the refill time of ordinary vehicles. But the main disadvantage is the short range of travel. To overcome this problem one solution is using a regenerative braking system in electric vehicles. Regenerative braking occurs when the brake is applied, the vehicle moves on a downward slope and at the time the vehicle decelerates. In Regenerative Braking System the wasted kinetic energy is converted to electrical energy and stored in the battery pack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Energy and carbon budgeting of traditional land use change with groundnut based cropping system for environmental quality, resilient soil health and farmers income in eastern Indian Himalayas

Author

Ansari, M.A., Saha, Saurav, Das, Anup, Lal, R., Das, Bappa, Choudhury, B.U., Roy, S.S., Sharma, S.K., Singh, I.M., Meitei, Ch Bungbungcha, Changloi, Kl Levish, Singh, L. Somendro, Singh, N. Ajitkumar, Saraswat, P.K., Ramakrishna, Y., Singh, Deepak, Hazarika, S., Punitha, P., Sandhu, S.K., and Prakash, N.

Published
2021
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19. Assessing the impact of Australia's mass vaccination campaigns over the Delta and Omicron outbreaks

Author

Khudyakov, YE, Lin, L, Demirhan, H, Johnstone-Robertson, SP, Lal, R, Trauer, JM, Stone, L, Khudyakov, YE, Lin, L, Demirhan, H, Johnstone-Robertson, SP, Lal, R, Trauer, JM, and Stone, L

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Australian Government implemented a national vaccination campaign against COVID-19 beginning February 22, 2021. The roll-out was criticised for being delayed relative to many high-income countries, but high levels of vaccination coverage were belatedly achieved. The large-scale Omicron outbreak in January 2022 resulted in a massive number of cases and deaths, although mortality would have been far higher if not for vigorous efforts to rapidly vaccinate the entire population. The impact of the vaccination coverage was assessed over this extended period. METHODS: We considered NSW, as the Australian jurisdiction with the highest quality data for our purposes and which still reflected the national experience. Weekly death rates were derived among individuals aged 50+ with respect to vaccine status between August 8, 2021 and July 9, 2022. We evaluated deaths averted by the vaccination campaign by modelling alternative counterfactual scenarios based on a simple data-driven modelling methodology presented by Jia et al. (2023). FINDINGS: Unvaccinated individuals had a 7.7-fold greater mortality rate than those who were fully vaccinated among people aged 50+, which rose to 11.2-fold in those who had received a booster dose. If NSW had fully vaccinated its ~2.9 million 50+ residents earlier (by July 28, 2021), only 440 of the total 3,495 observed 50+ deaths would have been averted. Up to July 9, 2022, the booster campaign prevented 1,860 deaths. In the absence of a vaccination campaign, ~21,250 COVID-19 50+ deaths (conservative estimate) could have been expected in NSW i.e., some 6 times the actual total. We also find the methodology of Jia et al. (2023) can sometimes significantly underestimate that actual number. INTERPRETATION: The Australian vaccination campaign was successful in reducing mortality over 2022, relative to alternative hypothetical vaccination scenarios. The success was attributable to the Australian public's high levels of engagement with v

Published
2024

27. Outcomes following small bowel obstruction due to malignancy in the national audit of small bowel obstruction

Author

Drake, Thomas M., Lee, Matthew J., Sayers, Adele E., Abercrombie, John, Acheson, Austin, Alderson, Derek, Anderson, Iain, Bradburn, Mike, Davies, Michael, Hamady, Zaed, Hind, Daniel, Hollyman, Marianne, Hare, Sarah, Lee, Ellen, Northover, John, Lewis, Christopher, Marriott, Paul J., Maynard, Nick, McFall, Malcolm, Muragananthan, Aravinth, Murray, David, Singh, Pritam, Tierney, Gillian, Verjee, Azmina, Walsh, Ciaran, Wild, Jonathan RL., Wilson, Timothy, Abbott, S., Abdulaal, Y., Afshar, S., Akhtar, M., Anderson, D., Appleton, S., Bandyopadhyay, D., Bashir, G., Behar, N., Bhandari, S., Branagan, G., Boulton, R., Borg, C., Bouras, G., Boyle, J., Brewer, H., Brown, L., Briggs, C., Cartmell, M., Chan, S., Chandratreya, N., Conaghan, P., Cornish, J., Cotton, D., Coyne, P., Crozier, J., Cook, T., Cunha, P., Curtis, N., Day, A., Dayal, S., Dennis, R., Dent, P., Dowson, H., Fallaize, R., Farag, S., El Farran, M., Faulkner, G., Giordano, P., Grey, T., Halahakoon, V., Hannay, J., Harikrishnan, A., Holtham, S., Hawkin, P., Hall, C., Hancock, L., Hartley, J., Howse, F., Kallam, R., Kakaniaris, G., Kelly, S., Lockwood, S., Leinhardt, D., Levy, B., Lal, R., Lazim, T., Lund, J., Lunevicius, R., Mathur, P., Maude, K., McArthur, D., McIlroy, B., Miles, A., Moug, S., Mondragon-Pritchard, M., Messenger, D., Mullan, M., Myers, A., Muhammad, K., Mason, C., Sarveswaran, J., Shatkar, V., Singh, B., Skelly, B., Subramonia, S., Swinscoe, M., Thava, B., Thorn, C., Panagiotopoulos, S., Patel, P., Phillips, J., Peristerakis, I., Qureshi, A., Saunders, M., Shah, P., Sheel, A., Siddiqui, S., Skaife, P., Smart, N., Smith, I., Stevenson, L., Stylianides, N., Steinke, J., Stubbs, B., Thompson, R., Varcada, M., Vimalachandran, D., Virlos, I., Watfah, J., Watson, N., Walker, M., Ventham, N., West, H., Wilson, J., Wijeyekoon, S., Ah-Chuen, J., Ahmed, T., Akram, F., Aldred, E., Ali, A., Aly, M., Amajuoyi, A., Amin, V., Andreou, A., Ansari, A., Ardley, R., Arshad, F., Ashour, O., Asour, A., Ayoub, F., Azeem, H., Azhar, B., Baillie, C., Barker, J., Barkham, B., Baron, R., Barrie, J., Barry-Yarrow, E., Battersby, N., Bazoua, G., Berger, C., Bhasin, S., Biggs, S., Bisset, C., Blencowe, N., Boddy, A., Boereboom, C., Bogdan, M., Bogle, R., Bohra, P., Bolkan, H., Boyer, M., Broadhurst, J., Brown, E., Brown, J., Burns, K., Butcher, K., Capper, C., Cash, T., Chapman, J., Chapman, S., Charalabopoulos, A., Cheek, C., Chok, S., Choong, W., Chowdhury, J., Coe, P., Conn, G., Cook, N., Cooper, S., Cox, C., Crook, R., Cuffolo, G., da Silva, L., Das, B., Davenport, M., Davies, J., Davies, T., Dean, S., Demetriou, G., Dengu, F., Dent, H., Di Benedetto, G., Dindyal, S., Donnelly, E., Douka, E., Downham, C., Edent, H., Edgerton, K., El-Sharif, M., Elamin, O., Elsaid, N., Evans, J., Evans, M., Ewe, R., Ewing, A., Ferguson, H., Fisher, O., Fletcher, J., Forouzanfar, A., Foster, A., Fox, R., Francis, N., Fretwell, V., Fung, D., Gammeri, E., Garnham, J., Geraghty, A., Gilbert, A., Gill, M., Gillespie, M., Glasbey, J., Golder, A., Green, N., Groundwater, E., Grove, T., Habib, H., Haddow, J., Halkias, C., Hampson, A., Hanna, T., Harries, R., Harvey, K., Hawkins, J., Healy, R., Heartshorne, R., Heller, S., Hendra, L., Herrod, P., Heywood, N., Hicks, G., Ng, P., Hope, C., Hopley, P., Hossain, T., Hossaini, S., Hubbard, T., Humphreys, A., Ikram, H., Ioannis, M., Iqbal, M., Jatania, J., Jenkinson, P., Jokhan, S., Jones, A., Jones, C., Jones, L., Joshi, H., Joshi, K., Joy, M., Jull, P., Kane, E., Kanitkar, R., Kauser, S., Kazmi, F., Kedrzycki, M., Kendall, J., Khan, T., King, G., Kisiel, A., Kitsis, C., Kolawole, I., Kosasih, S., Kosti, A., Kotb, A., Lau, A., Lafaurie, G., Lazzaro, A., Lefroy, R., Lennon, H., Leong, K., Lim, E., Lim, J., Lindley, S., Liu, D., Lloyd, P., Locker, D., Lowe, C., Lunt, A., Lutfi, S., Luther, A., Luwemba, S., Mahankali-Rao, P., Mai, D., Majid, S., Malik, A., Manu, N., Mapara, R., Martin, C., Martin, J., Massey, L., Mathias, J., McCain, S., McCluney, S., McNair, A., Mekhail, P., Merchant, J., Merker, L., Mir, S., Mistry, P., Miu, V., Moat, M., Mohamed, E., Mohamed, I., Moore, N., Moretti, L., Morris, H., Morrison, T., Moss, J., Mountford, D., Moynihan, R., Muldoon-Smith, D., Mulholland, J., Murgitroyd, E., Murugaiyan, K., Mykoniatis, I., Nana, G., Nash, T., Nassar, A., Newton, R., Nguyen, K., Nicholas, F., Noor, M., Nowers, J., Nugent, C., Nunn, A., O'Callaghan, J., O'Hara, R., O'Neill, A., Olivier, J., Osei-Bordom, D., Osgood, L., Panchasara, B., Parks, R., Patel, H., Pawelec, K., Payne, C., Pearson, K., Perin, G., Petronio, B., Phelan, L., Pisaneschi, C., Pitt, J., Ponchietti, L., Powell, A., Powell-Chandler, A., Pranesh, N., Proctor, V., Qureshi, N., Rahman, M., Rai, Z., Ramcharan, S., Rangarajan, K., Rashid, M., Reader, H., Rehman, A., Rehan, S., Rengifo, C., Richardson, N., Robinson, A., Robinson, D., Rossi, B., Rutherford, F., Sadien, I., Saghir, T., Sahnan, K., Salahia, G., Scott, B., Scott, K., Seager, A., Seal, S., Sezen, E., Shaban, F., Shahmohammadi, M., Shamsiddinova, A., Shankar, S., Sharpe, A., Shields, T., Shinkwin, M., Shurmer, J., Siddika, A., Simson, R., Singh, S., Sivaraj, J., Skinner, A., Smart, C., Smith, F., Smith, R., Sreedhar, A., Stewart-Parker, E., Stott, M., Symons, N., Taj, T., Tam, J., Tan, K., Tani, S., Tao, D., Thippeswamy, K., Thomas, C., Thompson, E., Thompson-Reil, C., Tongo, F., Toth, G., Turnbull, A., Turnbull, J., Wade, T., Wafi, A., Waite, K., Walker, N., Walker, T., Walsh, U., Wardle, S., Warner, R., Watt, J., Watts, J., Wayman, J., Weegenaar, C., West, M., Whyler, M., Whitehurst, L., Wiggans, M., Williams, G., Williams, R., Williamson, A., Williamson, J., Winter, A., Wolpert, L., Wong, J., van Boxel, G., Yeap, E., Zaman, S., Zappa, B., Zosimas, D., Anderson, O., Athem, A., Athersmith, M., Badenoch, T., Barker, S., Bellam, S., Boam, T., Boland, M., Blake, L., Brown, O., Butler, M., Byrne, B., Campbell, L., Chow, M., Da Costa, K., Cutting, J., Deputy, M., Devoto, L., Doody, P., Ekpete, N., Eljaafari, M., Exarchou, K., Faoury, M., Farinella, E., Gill, C., Goh, M., Gregoir, T., Growcott, S., Gunasekaran, S., Harris, G., Heard, R., Hobson, B., Iqbal, N., Jain, R., Kang, P., Khan, M., Korambayil, S., Kouris, S., Kshatriya, K., Kumar, S., Lee, K., Mahroof, S., Malik, K., Mann, K., Mansour, S., Martin, R., McKay, S., McKinley, N., McWhirter, D., Mellor, K., Mishra, A., Mockford, K., Morrison-Jones, V., Ng, C., Nunn, R., O'Neill, S., Oke, O., Obeid, N., Patel, R., Patel, S., Plunkett-Reed, K., Pouzi, M., Pywell, S., Richards, E., Sinclair, P., Slim, N., Spence, G., Swinkin, M., Tahir, W., Takacs, K., Tanner, N., Taylor, M., Valero, C., Venn, M., Venza, M., Yeong, T., and Fearnhead, Nicola S.

Published
2019
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29. Twisted Automorphisms of Right Loops

Author

Lal, R and Yadav, A. C.

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory, 20N05, 08A35, 20D45
Abstract

In this paper we make an attempt to study right loops $(S, o)$ in which, for each $y\in S$, the map $\sigma_y$ from the inner mapping group $G_S$ of $(S, o)$ to itself given by $\sigma_y (h)(x) o\ h(y)= h(xoy)$, $x\in S, h\in G_S$ is a homomorphism. The concept of twisted automorphisms of a right loop and also the concept of twisted right gyrogroup appears naturally and it turns out that the study is almost equivalent to the study of twisted automorphisms and a twisted right gyrogroup. A representation theorem for twisted right gyrogroup is established. We also study relationship between twisted gyrotransversals and twisted subgroups (a concept which arose as a tool to study computational complexity involving class NP)., Comment: 15 pages

Published
2013

30. Effect of Temperature on Dark Current in QWIP for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Author

Kumar, Vishal, Lal, R. K., Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series editor, Chen, Jiming, Series editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series editor, Dillmann, Ruediger, Series editor, Duan, Haibin, Series editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra, Series editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series editor, Samad, Tariq, Series editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series editor, Veiga, Germano, Series editor, Wu, Haitao, Series editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series editor, and Nath, Vijay, editor

Published
2018
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33. Bovine viral diarrhoea viruses from New Zealand belong predominantly to the BVDV-1a genotype.

Author

Dunowska, M, Lal, R, Dissanayake, SD, Bond, SD, Burrows, E, Moffat, J, and Howe, L

Subjects
ANIMAL herds, DIARRHEA, BOS, GENOTYPES, GENOMICS, DAIRY farm management, CATTLE genetics
Abstract

To determine which genotypes of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) circulate among cattle in New Zealand. Samples comprised BVDV-1-positive sera sourced from submissions to veterinary diagnostic laboratories in 2019 (n = 25), 2020 (n = 59) and 2022 (n = 74) from both beef and dairy herds, as well as archival BVDV-1 isolates (n = 5). Fragments of the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) and glycoprotein E2 coding sequence of the BVDV genome were amplified and sequenced. The sequences were aligned to each other and to international BVDV-1 sequences to determine their similarities and phylogenetic relationships. The 5′ UTR sequences were also used to create genetic haplotype networks to determine if they were correlated with selected traits (location, type of farm, and year of collection). The 5′ UTR sequences from New Zealand BVDV were closely related to each other, with pairwise identities between 89% and 100%. All clustered together and were designated as BVDV-1a (n = 144) or BVDV-1c (n = 5). There was no evidence of a correlation between the 5′ UTR sequence and the geographical origin within the country, year of collection or the type of farm. Partial E2 sequences from New Zealand BVDV (n = 76) showed 74–100% identity to each other and clustered in two main groups. The subtype assignment based on the E2 sequence was the same as based on the 5′ UTR analysis. This is the first comprehensive analysis of genomic variability of contemporary New Zealand BVDV based on the analysis of the non-coding (5′ UTR) and coding (E2) sequences. Knowledge of the diversity of the viruses circulating in the country is a prerequisite for the development of effective control strategies, including a selection of suitable vaccines. The data presented suggest that New Zealand BVDV are relatively homogeneous, which should facilitate eradication efforts including selection or development of the most suitable vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Hump Structure below Tc in the thermal conductivity of MgB2 superconductor

Author

Lal, R., Vajpayee, Arpita, Awana, V. P. S., Kishan, H., and Awasthi, A. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

A reasonable cause of absence of hump structure in thermal conductivity of MgB2 below the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) lies in the appearance of multigap structure. The gaps of lower magnitude can be suppressed by defects so that this system becomes effectively a single gap superconductor. When such a situation is created, it is hoped that thermal conductivity will show hump below Tc. Proceeding along these lines, a sample of MgB2 with a relatively higher residual resistivity (33.3 mili-Ohm-cm)has been found to show a hump structure below Tc. The actual electronic thermal conductivity kel of this sample is less than that expected from the Wiedeman- Franz law by more than a factor of 2.6 in the considered temperature range. Modifying the Wiedeman- Franz law for the electronic contribution by replacing the Lorenz number by an effective Lorenz number Leff (L0) we have obtained two sets of kel, namely those with Leff = 0.1L0 and 0.2L0. Corresponding to these two sets of kel, two sets of the phonon thermal conductivity kph are obtained. kph has been analyzed in terms of an extended Bardeen- Rickayzen- Tewordt theory. The main result of this analysis is that the hump structure corresponds to a gap ratio of 3.5, and that large electron-point defect scattering is the main source of drastic reduction of the electronic thermal conductivity from that given by the usual Wiedeman- Franz law., Comment: 18 pages of Text + Figs: comments welcome (awana@mail.nplindia.ernet.in)

Published
2008
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35. Chaos, entanglement and decoherence in the quantum kicked top

Author

Ghose, S., Stock, R., Jessen, P. S., Lal, R., and Silberfarb, A.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

We analyze the interplay of chaos, entanglement and decoherence in a system of qubits whose collective behaviour is that of a quantum kicked top. The dynamical entanglement between a single qubit and the rest can be calculated from the mean of the collective spin operators. This allows the possibility of efficiently measuring entanglement dynamics in an experimental setting. We consider a deeply quantum regime and show that signatures of chaos are present in the dynamical entanglement for parameters accessible in an experiment that we propose using cold atoms. The evolution of the entanglement depends on the support of the initial state on regular versus chaotic Floquet eigenstates, whose phase-space distributions are concentrated on the corresponding regular or chaotic eigenstructures. We include the effect of decoherence via a realistic model and show that the signatures of chaos in the entanglement dynamics persist in the presence of decoherence. In addition, the classical chaos affects the decoherence rate itself., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2008
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36. Anomalous thermoelectric power of Mg1-xAlxB2 system with x = 0.0 to 1.0

Author

Mudgel, Monika, Awana, V. P. S., Lal, R., Kishan, H., Chandra, L. S. Sharth, Ganesan, V., Narlikar, A. V., and Bhalla, G. L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Thermoelectric power, S(T) of the Mg1-xAlxB2 system has been measured for x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. XRD, resistivity and magnetization measurements are also presented. It has been found that the thermoelectric power is positive for x = 0.4 and is negative for x = 0.6 over the entire temperature range studied up to 300 K. The thermoelectric power of x = 0.4 samples vanishes discontinuously below a certain temperature, implying existence of superconductivity. In general, the magnitude of the thermoelectric power increases with temperature up to a certain temperature, and then it starts to decrease towards zero base line. In order to explain the observed behavior of the thermoelectric power, we have used a model in which both diffusion and phonon drag processes are combined by using a phenomenological interpolation between the low and high temperature behaviors of the thermoelectric power. The considered model provides an excellent fit to the observed data. It is further found that Al doping enhances the Debye temperature., Comment: 19 pages Text + Figs. suggestions/comments(awana@mail.nplindia.ernet.in)

Published
2008
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46. Magnetism, Upper critical field and Thermoelectric power of Magneto-Superconductor RuSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10

Author

Lal, R., Awana, V. P. S., Kishan, H., Rawat, Rajeev, Ganesan, V., Narlikar, A. V., Peurla, M., and Laiho, R.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Magnetic susceptibility, M-H plot, magnetoresistance and thermoelectric power of the RuSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 superconductor are measured. Values of the magnetic transition temperature Tmag, superconductivity transition temperature Tc, upper critical field Hc2, chemical potential mu, and energy width for electric conduction W(sigma) are obtained from these measurements. It has been found that Tmag = 140 K, Tc = 25 K (33 K) from susceptibility (magnetoresistance) measurements, Hc2 (0) > 32 T, mu = 8 meV, and W(sigma) = 58.5 meV. These values are compared with other ruthenate superconductors, and resulting physical information is discussed., Comment: 18 pages of TEXT + FIGS. To appear in - J. PHYS. COND. MATT. (2006)

Published
2006
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47. Experimental study of magneto-superconductor RuSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10: Effect of Mo doping on magnetic behavior and Tc variation

Author

Awana, V. P. S., Lal, R., Kishan, H., Narlikar, A. V., Peurla, M., and Laiho, R.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Mo doped ruthenocuprates Ru1-xMoxSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 are synthesized for x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0, and their magnetic and superconducting properties are studied. It has been found that the magnetic transition temperature TZFCpeak, which corresponds to the appearance of weak ferromagnetic effect, decreases from its value of 75 K for x = 0.0 to 22 K, 25 K and 18 K, respectively for the x = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 samples. Another finding is that the magnetic susceptibility reduces at TZFCpeak by a factor of about 6, 85 and 413 for x = 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 respectively. The samples of x = 0.8 and 1.0 are found to have no magnetic or superconducting effects. The values of the superconducting transition temperature are obtained from the resistivity versus temperature data. An important result is that Tc increases by 4.5 K and 7.0 K for x = 0.2 and 0.4 respectively, and then decreases by 17 K for x = 0.6. The observed variation of Tc with x has been explained in terms of a theory which combines the effects of weakening magnetic behavior and reducing carrier concentration in a phenomenological manner. The resulting theory is found to provide a good agreement with the observed value of Tc., Comment: 14 pages with Text + Figs. To Appear in PHYS. REV. B, Ist Jan. 2006 issue

Published
2006
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48. A comparison of the resistivity behavior of MgB2, AlB2 and AgB2 systems

Author

Lal, R., Awana, V. P. S., Singh, K. P., Kishan, H., and Narlikar, A. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Measurements have been performed of the resistivity of the samples of MgB2, AlB2 and AgB2. The samples show presence of impurities. Analyzing the data in terms of the impurity scattering, electron-phonon scattering, and weak localization it has been found that the AlB2 (AgB2) sample involves maximum (minimum) effect of the impurity, electron-phonon interaction and weak localization., Comment: 10 pages, with 4 Figs. Included. Accepted: MOD. PHYS. LETT. B

Published
2005
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49. Comparative pharmaceutical and analytical study of Kasisadi Ghrita prepared by two different methods

Author

null Padmanabha Lal R, null Govinda Sharma K, null Gazala Hussain, null Asha Vithal Bhat, null Ramya M Pavate, and null Deekshitha S

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

Introduction: Sneha Kalpana are the dosage forms which can be used both internally as well as externally. Generally, Sneha Kalpana is prepared by using Agni as source of heating. However, Kasisadi Ghrita is an exception where the sunlight is used as source of heating. This unusual method of preparation looks attractive because of natural heat (sunlight) that is required in the preparation and the yield that may be obtained. The Sneha is heated with volatile drugs in Surya Paka for a specific time so that less heat allows them to leave their active principles in Sneha. The difference between Bhanupaka and Agnipaka is also an area of interest, on this formulation as far as its manufacturing is considered. Kasisadi Ghrita is a herbo-mineral formulation indicated for various skin diseases. Materials and Methods: Kasisadi Ghrita were prepared by classical method of Bhanupaka (KGB) and usual method of Agnipaka (KGA). Both KGB and KGA were analyzed as per the standard protocol. Discussion and Conclusion: Preparation of Kasisadi Ghrita by Agnipaka method is easy as it consumes less time. There were no pharmaceutical constraints in preparation of both samples. Tamra Paatra helps to retain more heat than other vessels during Bhanupaka. The results of the pharmaceutical and analytical study can be considered as the preliminary standards for the preparation of Kasisadi Ghrita.

Published
2022
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50. An international assessment of the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) principles across colorectal units in 2019–2020

Author

Pinkney T., Taylor H., Tong C., Schmitz N. -D., Morton D. G., Pinkney T. D., Bhangu A., Blackwell S., Dardanov D., Dulskas A., Gallo G., Glasbey J., Keatley J., Knowles C., Li Y. E., McCourt V., Minaya-Bravo A., Neary P., Nepogodiev D., Pata F., Pellino G., Sivrikoz E., van Ramshorst G., Zmora O., Perry R., Magill E. L., Abdalkoddus M., Abelevich A., Abraham S., Abraham-Nordling M., Adamina M., Agalar C., Agresta F., Ahallat M., Ahmad N., Aiupov R., Akca O., Aleksic A., Aleotti F., Alias D., Alonso J., Alonso Goncalves S., Alonso Martin J., Alonso Poza A., Alonso-Hernandez N., Alos Company R., Al-Saeedi M., Alvarez-Laso C., Alvarez-Gallego M., Amanatidis T., Americano M., Amorim E., Anandan L., Anania G., Ancans G., Andreev P., Andrejevic P., Antonacci N., Anwer M., Aonzo P., Arencibia B., Argeny S., Arieli H., Arnold S., Ashraf M., Aslam M., Atanasov B., Atif M., Atladottir J., Avital S., Awny S., Aytac B., Azahr N., Aznar-Puig S., Bailey S., Balalis D., Baldi C., Baldonedo R., Balducci G., Balestra F., Balestri R., Balfour A., Baloyiannis I., Banky B., Baral J., Baranyai Z., Barbashinov N., Bargallo J., Barisic G., Barugola G., Batashki I., Battersby N., Belev N., Belli A., Beltran de Heredia J., Bemelman W., Benavides Buleje J., Benckert A., Bernal-Sprekelsen J., Bertocchi E., Beuran M., Bhan C., Bianco F., Bilali S., Bilali V., Bintintan V., Birindelli A., Birsan T., Blanco Antona F., Blas J., Blasco-Segura T., Blom R., Bocchetti T., Boerma E., Bogdan M., Boland M., Bomans B., Borda N., Bowen M., Bradulskis S., Branagan G., Brankovic B., Brenna M., Brewer H., Broadhurst J., Bronder C., Brouwer R., Buccianti P., Buchs N., Buchwald P., Bugatti A., Bui A., Burcos T., Buskens C., Bustamante C., Caceres N., Cagigas Fernandez C., Calero-Lillo A., Camps I., Canda A., Caravaca-Garcia I., Carballo F., Carcoforo P., Carlander J., Carlos S., Caro A., Carpelan A., Carrasco Prats M., Carrillo Lopez M., Carvello M., Casal E., Casoni Pattacini G., Castellvi Valls J., Castillo Diego J., Cavallesco G., Cavenaile V., Cayetano L., Ceccotti A., Cervera-Aldama J., Chabok A., Chafai N., Chandrasinghe P., Chandratreya N., Chaudhri S., Chaudhry Z., Cherdancev D., Chernov A., Chevallay M., Chirletti P., Chouillard E., Chouliaras C., Chowdri N., Cillo M., Cini C., Ciubotaru C., Ciuce C., Claeys D., 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Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Prehabilitation, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Colorectal Neoplasm, Perioperative Care, NO, medicine, Humans, 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, Perioperative Optimisation, Enhanced recovery after surgery, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, LS7_4, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), business.industry, Gastroenterology, Digestive System Surgical Procedure, Guideline, Colorectal surgery, Surgery, Family medicine, Perioperative care, Nasogastric intubation, Preoperative fasting, Colorectal Neoplasms, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, business, Colorectal Surgery, Human
Abstract

Aim The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS® ) Society guidelines aim to standardise perioperative care in colorectal surgery via 25 principles. We aimed to assess the variation in uptake of these principles across an international network of colorectal units. Method An online survey was circulated amongst European Society of Coloproctology members in 2019/20. For each ERAS® principle, respondents were asked to score how frequently the principle was implemented in their hospital, from 1 ('rarely') to 4 ('always'). Respondents were also asked to recall whether practice had changed since 2017. Subgroup analyses based on hospital characteristics were conducted. Results Of hospitals approached, 58% responded to the survey (195/335), with 296 individual responses (multiple responses were received from some hospitals). The majority were European (163/195 [83.6%]). Overall, respondents indicated they 'most often' or 'always' adhered to most individual ERAS® principles (18/25 [72%]). Variability in uptake of principles was reported, with universal uptake of some principles (e.g., prophylactic antibiotics; early mobilisation) and inconsistency from 'rarely' to 'always' in others (e.g., no nasogastric intubation; no preoperative fasting and carbohydrate drinks). In alignment with 2018 ERAS® guideline updates, adherence to principles for prehabilitation, managing anaemia, and postoperative nutrition appears to have increased since 2017. Conclusions Uptake of ERAS® principles varied across hospitals, and not all 25 principles were equally adhered to. Whilst some principles exhibited a high level of acceptance, others had a wide variability in uptake indicative of controversy or barriers to uptake. Further research into specific principles is required to improve ERAS® implementation.

Published
2021
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