Search

Nursing programs across North America are typically significantly oversubscribed, resulting in inflated admitting averages thus making it an unattainable profession for many qualified students. This article proposes a lottery-based admissions process, whereby students who meet established selected criteria for entry would be selected at random until all seats are filled. This would allow all qualified applicants equal chance of admission, and may address issues related to equity, diversity, and inclusion, and may lessen some of the significant burden on prospective applicants.

Previous research has suggested that first-born infants acquire words faster than their later-born peers (Berglund etal., 2005), but may have some disadvantages in other aspects of syntactic and socio-communicative development (e.g. Hoff,2006). Here we analyzed infants’ early lexical development alongside their caregiver input from 6-18 months, in relation to howmany siblings they have. We find that having more siblings (rather than being first- or later-born) has a gradient and negativerelationship with infants’ language development. This affect appears to be manifested in caregiver input: across three differentmeasures of input quality/quantity, disadvantages were found for infants with more siblings. Having a larger number of siblingsdiminished the quality of the input and led to slower overall lexical development. Implications for language development andlearning within dyadic and multi-member contexts are discussed.

Onomatopoeia are disproportionately high in number in infants' early words compared to adult language. Studies of infant language perception have proposed an iconic advantage for onomatopoeia, which may make them easier for infants to learn. This study analyses infants' early word production to show a phonological motivation for onomatopoeia in early acquisition. Cross-linguistic evidence from 16 infants demonstrates how these forms fit within a phonologically-systematic developing lexicon. We observe a predominance of consonant harmony and open cv syllables in infants' early words--structures that are typical of onomatopoeia across languages. Infants' acquisition of onomatopoeia is shown to be driven by a preference for structures that are easy to plan and produce. These data present an original perspective on onomatopoeia in early development, highlighting the role of production in language acquisition in general, and onomatopoeic words in particular.

Onomatopoeia are frequently identified amongst infants' earliest words (Menn & Vihman, 2011), yet few authors have considered why this might be, and even fewer have explored this phenomenon empirically. Here we analyze mothers' production of onomatopoeia in infant-directed speech (IDS) to provide an input-based perspective on these forms. Twelve mothers were recorded interacting with their 8-month-olds; onomatopoeic words (e.g. "quack") were compared acoustically with their corresponding conventional words ("duck"). Onomatopoeia were more salient than conventional words across all features measured: mean pitch, pitch range, word duration, repetition, and pause length. Furthermore, a systematic pattern was observed in the production of onomatopoeia, suggesting a conventionalized approach to mothers' production of these words in IDS.

This article analyses longitudinal diary data from one infant acquiring German to seek a better understanding of the role of onomatopoeia in early language development. Onomatopoeic words (OWs) are traced over time in relation to their corresponding conventional forms (CWs), and an analysis of their phonological transitions is considered in relation to the infant's wider language development. OWs are found to serve as a bootstrapping mechanism on a lexical as well as a phonological level, and a lexical OW "template" is proposed, which is found to support phonological development throughout the infant's output.

Aim: To explore undergraduate nursing students' understanding of fundamental care and identify educational leadership opportunities to deepen students' understanding of fundamental care concepts. Design: Sequential‐explanatory mixed methods study. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional survey (n = 202) and focus groups (n = 24) to explore undergraduate nursing students' ability to identify fundamental care needs. All data were collected between November 2020 and April 2021. Survey data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and focus group data were thematically analysed. Results: Year One students scored significantly lower in their ability to identify fundamental care needs compared with students in other years, even after controlling for route, gender and age. Post‐degree students scored significantly higher than direct entry or transfer students. Students ≤19 years of age had significantly lower scores compared with students ≥25 years of age. Our focus group findings highlighted that students were often unable to define fundamental care, but they identified learning about various components of fundamental care in a variety of ways. While students understood that fundamental care was required in all settings, they were challenged in providing this care in acute and virtual settings. Students shared several suggestions to support fundamental care skills development across the curriculum. Conclusions: There is a need for a clear definition and description of the fundamentals of care that is used consistently by faculty, students and curriculum documents. It is important to encourage and support educators to share real‐world nursing stories, offer students time to share their personal experiences, develop creative learning opportunities and foster student reflection to deepen students' understanding of the fundamentals of care. Impact Educators need support to meaningfully incorporate fundamentals of care learning opportunities across multiple care settings. Educational leaders can use these findings to develop or adapt their curricula to support fundamental care skill development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Needle thoracostomy (NT) can be a life-saving procedure when used to treat tension pneumothorax. However, there is some question regarding the efficacy of NT in the prehospital setting. Failure to treat tension pneumothorax in a helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) setting may prove especially deleterious to the patient due to gas expansion with increasing altitude. This study's objective was to identify the characteristics of patients treated with NT in a Canadian HEMS setting and the factors that may influence outcomes following NT use. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of prehospital records from a Canadian HEMS service. Patients aged 18 years and older who underwent at least one NT attempt using a 14-gauge 8.3 cm needle from 2012 to 2018 were identified. Charts were reviewed to collect demographic data, NT procedural characteristics, vital signs, and clinical response metrics. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study sample and overall event characteristics. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with a clinical response to the initial NT treatment. Results: 163 patients (1.3%) of 12,407 patients attended received NT. A positive clinical response to NT was recorded in 37% (n = 77) of the total events (n = 208), the most common of which was an improvement in blood pressure (BP) (18.8%, n = 39). Initial NT was associated with a low likelihood of clinical improvement in patients presenting with blunt trauma (OR = 0.18; p =.021; 95% CI [.04,.77]), CPR prior to NT (OR = 0.14; p =.02; 95% CI [.03,.73]), or in those who received bilateral NT treatment (OR = 0.13; p <.01; 95% CI [.05,.37]). A pretreatment BP < 90 mmHg was predictive of a positive clinical response to initial NT (OR = 3.33; p =.04; 95% CI [1.09, 10.20]). Conclusions: Only a small portion of patients in the setting of a Canadian HEMS service were treated with NT. Patients most likely to receive NT were males who had suffered blunt trauma. NT may have questionable benefit for patients presenting with blunt trauma, in cardiac arrest, or requiring bilateral NT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This first installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Amanda's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial to the series, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the film). Although attenuated, Amanda's involvement in the film provides valuable insight into important safeguards that should be in place when using DST in healthcare settings. Using the metaphor of broken bones and open wounds, this interpretive article highlights the importance of recognizing chaos narratives and unstoried emotions in the early stages of the DST process. It concludes with three practical "wound care" measures that can help safeguard participant wellbeing as they find, tell, craft, and share their digital story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This fifth installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Kenzie's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the documentary film on which the series is based). Kenzie's storyline revealed how culturally accepted language and metanarratives around health and wellness can create dissonance for Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors as they attempt to share their experiences with others. Alternatively, the genuine conversation inherent in the Story Circle, and throughout the DST process, could promote and stimulate the re-storying of ill-fitting, "hand-me-down" cancer narratives. Specifically, the reflective intensity and co-creative nature of DST could facilitate the discovery of deeper truths, or new truths, in healthcare stories while the narrative structure and creative limitations of a digital story could empower AYAs to craft a closed ending to a perpetually open-ended cancer survivorship experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This second installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Harmony's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial to the series, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the film). In this article I lean on the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur to suggest that 1) the metaphorical possibilities of DST could enable Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors to come to a deeper understanding of their own cancer experiences and 2) the process of "emplotment" in the creation of a digital story has the power to transform the random and coincidental, pre-narrative experience of cancer into a meaningful whole. I conclude by discussing how attaching meaning to, and learning from, an otherwise meaningless cancer experience through the DST process, can help AYA cancer survivors construct their own answer to the "big question" of cancer in young adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This third installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Kelsey's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the documentary film on which the series is based). In addition to providing a compelling exploration of a relatively common occurrence of Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors, delayed diagnosis, Kelsey's involvement in the film illustrated the potential for DST to help participants explore, name, and represent their inner emotional experience. Her storyline illuminated how difficult it can be for AYAs to both understand their "true feelings" and share them with others in a way that moves beyond a surface level, "hashtag" description of emotion (e.g., #sad). I (Lang) conclude by discussing how the three primary modes of narrative engagement in the DST process (external, internal, and reflexive) could help AYAs cultivate a deeper understanding of their emotional cancer experiences, and in doing so, break cancer's grasp on their life, by grasping it instead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This seventh and final instalment of the Emerging Horizons series brings all the experiences of the participants in the film together with my own (ML) as the digital storytelling (DST) facilitator to discuss three of the many lessons learned from this research project (please see the introductory editorial to the series, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the film). The article summarizes the interpretations of the film in both written and digital story form, explores the value of the "artist of our days" mindset that DST can cultivate in Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer surivors, and leans on hermeneutic philosophy to emphasize the importance of conversation when viewing digital stories. I conclude with a personal exhortation to be vigilant in looking for the "setups and payoffs" in my own life so that, as a DST facilitator working in healthcare settings, I can continue to help others story, and re-story, the meaningful moments of their health experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This fourth installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Derek's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the documentary film on which the series is based). In contrast to other workshop participants, Derek's primary goal for his digital story was to convey a specific, predetermined meaningful moment from his cancer experience in a more compelling manner. Building from the image system Derek utilized in his digital story, and further contextualizing the events he describes, this interpretive article depicts the unique cancer survivorship experiences of Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors and demonstrates the possibilities of DST to help AYAs release "bottled up" emotions before they become rancid (i.e., release suppressed or repressed emotions before they transform into diagnosed psychosocial comorbidity). Finally, Derek's experience demonstrates how the multi-modal nature of DST can enable AYAs to incite an emotional response from their audience that can in turn confirm and affirm the life lessons embedded in their cancer experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This sixth installment of the Emerging Horizons series explores Bethany's digital storytelling (DST) experience (please see the introductory editorial, Crafting Meaning, Cultivating Understanding, to access the documentary film on which the series is based). In the film, Bethany demonstrates how a digital story can become both a signpost and a monument in the life of an Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivor by indicating how they have changed, providing direction for their future selves, and creating a reminder of the meaningful moments that happened along the way. Her experience also reveals how DST can help participants craft a story with many layers of intentional meanings while the plurivocity of word, image and compositional elements of DST enables a profound hermeneutic excess (i.e., x = x+) and ensures that what is contained in a digital story is always more than what was intended by the storyteller. Using the screenwriting framework of the "said, unsaid, and unsayable," and Nicholas Davey's concept of "aquifers of meaning," I (Lang) demonstrate how a digital story artwork can act as an artesian well, providing AYAs and their friends and family an encounter with the "unsayable," by bringing to the surface what has been mute and beyond awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]