480 results on '"Lai CK"'
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2. Tectonic evolution of the Ailaoshan Fold Belt in southwestern Yunnan, China
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Lai, CK
- Abstract
The Ailaoshan Fold Belt represents an important component of the geologically complex South China‚Äö-Indochina suture zone. The fold belt is made up of the Eastern Ailaoshan (EAL) High‚Äö-Grade Metamorphic Belt, the Paleozoic Central Ailaoshan (CAL) Melange, and the Carboniferous‚Äö-Triassic Western Ailaoshan (WAL) volcanic belts. This thesis presents a new, better constrained tectono‚Äö-magmatic evolution model for the Ailaoshan Fold Belt based on a detailed compilation of existing Chinese literature, complemented by extensive new sampling, as well as geochronological (U‚Äö-Pb zircon and U‚Äö-Th/Pb monazite), and whole rock and mineral geochemical data. Contrasting with most published literature, magmatic rocks within the Paleozoic CAL Melange have been found to record two episodes of continental rifting and/or volcanic passive margin development, one Late Devonian‚Äö-Early Carboniferous, the other Late Permian. There is no preserved record of the oceanic crust of the ocean basin which opened as a result of the Late Devonian‚Äö-Early Carboniferous rifting episode, and the other magmatic suite recorded in the CAL is the earliest Mid‚Äö-Triassic syn‚Äö-collisional granitic magmatism. The WAL volcanic belts, in contrast, include fault‚Äö-bounded slices of rocks formed during a Late Carboniferous‚Äö-earliest Mid‚Äö-Permian continental rift magmatism, a Mid Permian arc/backarc basin magmatism, a Late Permian syn‚Äö-collisional granitic magmatism and an Early Triassic post‚Äö-collisional magmatism. Magmatism/metamorphism in the EAL High‚Äö-Grade Metamorphic Belt has been determined to have occurred during Neoproterozoic, Mid‚Äö- to Late‚Äö-Triassic and Cenozoic events, with protoliths originating from various magmatic‚Äö- and sedimentary rocks in the Ailaoshan‚Äö-western South China region. A new regional tectonic model based on the newly compiled data suggests that diachronous continental rift magmatism, leading to volcanic passive margin formation and break up, occurred in the CAL and WAL during, respectively, Silurian‚Äö-Late Devonian/Early Carboniferous (ca. 430‚Äö-400 Ma and ca. 370‚Äö-325 Ma) and Late Carboniferous/Early Permian‚Äö-earliest Mid‚Äö-Permian (ca. 300‚Äö-270 Ma), before which these terranes were attached to the western South China margin in Eastern Gondwana. The volcanic passive margin development and the subsequent seafloor spreading opened the Ailaoshan‚Äö-Song Ma Paleotethys branch, also known as the Ailaoshan‚Äö-Song Ma Ocean. Ridge push associated with WAL continental rifting may have facilitated the west‚Äö-vergent subduction of the Ailaoshan‚Äö-Song Ma Ocean beneath eastern Indochina since Early Permian (ca. 280 Ma), producing the Truong Son arc magmatism in Vietnam. In the WAL, in contrast, Mid Permian (ca. 265 Ma) arc/backarc basin magmatism may have only been active for a limited time before the WAL arc collided with and was accreted onto eastern Indochina during late Mid‚Äö-Permian to Late Permian. This arc‚Äö-continent collision has been accompanied by extensive Late Permian WAL‚Äö-Truong Son syn‚Äö-collisional granitic magmatism (ca. 260‚Äö-250 Ma) and followed by Early Triassic WAL post‚Äö-collisional magmatism (ca. 250‚Äö-245 Ma). Coevally (ca. 260 Ma), the Emeishan Large Igneous Province located in the western South China Block, and may have extended to the CAL‚Äö-Jinshajiang‚Äö-Song Da regions. Continued subduction of the Ailaoshan‚Äö-Song Ma Ocean remnants may have eventually led to the South China‚Äö-Indochina continent‚Äö-continent collision, commenced during Late Permian‚Äö-Early Triassic in central Vietnam and propagated northward to the CAL‚Äö-Song Ma (northwestern Vietnam) region during earliest Mid‚Äö-Triassic to Late Triassic (ca. 230‚Äö-200 Ma). This may have produced the major regional unconformity recorded across SE Asia, together with the syn‚Äö- and post‚Äö-collisional CAL and EAL magmatism/metamorphism.
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- 2023
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3. Families' perspectives on the use of physical restraints
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Wong, IY and Lai, CK
- Published
- 2008
4. 9-year review of new psychoactive substance use in Hong Kong: A clinical laboratory perspective
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Tang, Magdalene HY, primary, Hung, LY, additional, Lai, CK, additional, Ching, CK, additional, and Mak, Tony Wing Lai, additional
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- 2018
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5. Inappropriate Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Due to Not Accounting for Nesting and Clustering [Response to Letter]
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Cheung DSK, Lee PH, and Lai CKY
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n/a ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Daphne Sze Ki Cheung,1 Paul Hong Lee,2 Claudia Kam Yuk Lai1 1School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; 2Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKCorrespondence: Daphne Sze Ki Cheung, Email daphne.cheung@polyu.edu.hk
- Published
- 2023
6. A Home-Based Dyadic Music-with-Movement Intervention for People with Dementia and Caregivers: A Hybrid Type 2 Cluster-Randomized Effectiveness-Implementation Design
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Cheung DSK, Ho LYW, Chan LCK, Kwok RKH, and Lai CKY
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music ,dementia ,implementation ,acceptability ,well-being ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Daphne Sze Ki Cheung,1 Lily Yuen Wah Ho,1 Liliane Chui King Chan,2 Robin Ka Ho Kwok,1 Claudia Kam Yuk Lai1 1School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; 2Ho Cheung Shuk Yuen Charitable Foundation, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Daphne Sze Ki Cheung, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China, Tel +852 2766 4534, Email daphne.cheung@polyu.edu.hk; Cheungdaphne@gmail.comBackground: Integrating evidence-based music-with-movement into routine practices for people with dementia requires effective implementation strategies. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the intervention and to examine the effectiveness of the implementation strategies in promoting home-based adoption.Methods: This was a cluster randomized controlled trial adopting a clinical effectiveness-implementation hybrid design. The 12-week music-with-movement intervention aims to promote the well-being of people with dementia and their caregivers. Clinical outcomes were assessed to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention. These included the symptoms of anxiety and depression of people with dementia; caregivers’ perception of their stress and the positive aspects of caregiving; and the quality of the dyadic relationship. Caregivers, staff, and volunteers were interviewed and objective figures on reach and adoption were collected to reflect the outcomes of the implementation.Results: Compared to the waitlist control, there was a significant reduction in the anxiety and the symptoms of depression of those in the intervention group. There was also a significant reduction in the perceived stress level of the caregivers. Six focus group interviews were conducted. The intervention and the appropriateness of the implementation strategies were perceived positively by the dyad participants, the staff of the centres, and volunteers. Of the collaborating centres, 57% continued to use the intervention and, after six months, served six times more people than were recruited in this study. Over half of the participating families continued to use the intervention for at least six more months.Conclusion: Music-with-movement interventions showed promise for improving the well-being of people with dementia and their caregivers. Effective strategies facilitated the implementation process, such as integrating communication technology to provide instant support and involving volunteers in engaging the collaborating centres and families. This study sheds light on perceptions of the intervention, and on its scalability for a broader population.Trial Registration: NCT03575026, Registered 2 July 2018.Keywords: music, dementia, implementation, acceptability, well-being
- Published
- 2022
7. Which population level environmental factors are associated with asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema? Review of the ecological analyses of ISAAC Phase One
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Asher, MI, Stewart, AW, Mallol, J, Montefort, S, Lai, CK, Aït-Khaled, N, Odhiambo, J, ISAAC Phase One Study Group, Asher, Mi, Stewart, Aw, Mallol, J, Montefort, S, Lai, Ck, AÏT KHALED, N, Odhiambo, J, and Bonini, Sergio
- Abstract
The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase One showed large worldwide variations in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema, up to 10 to 20 fold between countries. Ecological analyses were undertaken with ISAAC Phase One data to explore factors that may have contributed to these variations, and are summarised and reviewed here.In ISAAC Phase One the prevalence of symptoms in the past 12 months of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema were estimated from studies in 463,801 children aged 13 - 14 years in 155 centres in 56 countries, and in 257,800 children aged 6-7 years in 91 centres in 38 countries. Ecological analyses were undertaken between symptom prevalence and the following: Gross National Product per capita (GNP), food intake, immunisation rates, tuberculosis notifications, climatic factors, tobacco consumption, pollen, antibiotic sales, paracetamol sales, and outdoor air pollution.Symptom prevalence of all three conditions was positively associated with GNP, trans fatty acids, paracetamol, and women smoking, and inversely associated with food of plant origin, pollen, immunisations, tuberculosis notifications, air pollution, and men smoking. The magnitude of these associations was small, but consistent in direction between conditions. There were mixed associations of climate and antibiotic sales with symptom prevalence.The potential causality of these associations warrant further investigation. Factors which prevent the development of these conditions, or where there is an absence of a positive correlation at a population level may be as important from the policy viewpoint as a focus on the positive risk factors. Interventions based on small associations may have the potential for a large public health benefit.
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- 2010
8. Contribution to Alonga et al (2014). Registered replication report: Schooler & Engstler-Schooler (1990)
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Alogna, VK, Attaya, MK, Aucoin, P, Bahník, Š, Birch, S, Bornstein, B, Bouwmeester, S, Brandimonte, MA, Brown, C, Buswell, K, Carlson, C, Carlson, M, Chu, S, Cislak, A, Colarusso, M, Colloff, MF, Dellapaolera, KS, Delvenne, JFCM, Di Domenico, A, Drummond, A, Echterhoff, G, Edlund, JE, Eggleston, CM, Fairfield, B, Franco, G, Gabbert, F, Gamblin, BW, Garry, M, Gentry, R, Gilbert, EA, Greenberg, DL, Halberstadt, J, Hall, L, Hancock, PJB, Hirsch, D, Holt, G, Jackson, JC, Jong, J, Kehn, A, Koch, C, Kopietz, R, Körner, U, Kunar, MA, Lai, CK, Langton, SRH, Leite, FP, Mammarella, N, Marsh, JE, McConnaughy, KA, McCoy, S, McIntyre, AH, Meissner, CA, Michael, RB, Mitchell, AA, Mugayar-Baldocchi, M, Musselman, R, Ng, C, Nichols, AL, Nunez, NL, Palmer, MA, Pappagianopoulos, JE, Petro, MS, Poirier, CR, Portch, E, Rainsford, M, Rancourt, A, Romig, C, Rubínová, E, Sanson, M, Satchell, L, Sauer, JD, Schweitzer, K, Shaheed, J, Skelton, F, Sullivan, GA, Susa, KJ, Swanner, JK, Thompson, WB, Todaro, R, Ulatowska, J, Valentine, T, Verkoeijen, PPJL, Vranka, M, Wade, KA, Was, CA, Weatherford, D, Wiseman, K, Zaksaite, T, Zuj, DV, Zwaan, RA, and Simons, DJ
- Abstract
Trying to remember something now typically improves your ability to remember it later. However, after watching a video of a simulated bank robbery, participants who verbally described the robber were 25% worse at identifying the robber in a lineup than were participants who instead listed U.S. states and capitals—this has been termed the “verbal overshadowing” effect (Schooler & Engstler-Schooler, 1990). More recent studies suggested that this effect might be substantially smaller than first reported. Given uncertainty about the effect size, the influence of this finding in the memory literature, and its practical importance for police procedures, we conducted two collections of preregistered direct replications (RRR1 and RRR2) that differed only in the order of the description task and a filler task. In RRR1, when the description task immediately followed the robbery, participants who provided a description were 4% less likely to select the robber than were those in the control condition. In RRR2, when the description was delayed by 20 min, they were 16% less likely to select the robber. These findings reveal a robust verbal overshadowing effect that is strongly influenced by the relative timing of the tasks. The discussion considers further implications of these replications for our understanding of verbal overshadowing.
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- 2014
9. Self-Reported Truck Traffic on the Street of Residence and Symptoms of Asthma and Allergic Disease: A Global Relationship in ISAAC Phase 3
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Brunekreef, B, Stewart, AW, Anderson, HR, Lai, CK, Strachan, DP, Pearce, N, and ISAAC Phase 3 Study Group
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- 2009
10. A Novel Classification System for Perineural Invasion: Histologic Subcategory Relates to Patient Outcome
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Miller, ME, primary, Palla, B, additional, Chen, Q, additional, Elashoff, DA, additional, Abemayor, E, additional, St. John, MA, additional, and Lai, CK, additional
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- 2010
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11. Pro-inflammatory high-density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis are induced in lupus-prone mice by a high-fat diet and leptin
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Hahn, BH, primary, Lourencço, EV, additional, McMahon, M., additional, Skaggs, B., additional, Le, E., additional, Anderson, M., additional, Iikuni, N., additional, Lai, CK, additional, and La Cava, A., additional
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- 2010
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12. Prevalence of asthma and allergy in Hong Kong schoolchildren: an ISAAC study
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Leung, R, primary, Wong, G, additional, Lau, J, additional, Ho, A, additional, Chan, JK, additional, Choy, D, additional, Douglass, C, additional, and Lai, CK, additional
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- 1997
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13. Respiratory symptoms in elderly Chinese living in Hong Kong
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Lai, CK, primary, Ho, SC, additional, Lau, J, additional, Yuen, YK, additional, Ho, SS, additional, Chan, CH, additional, and Woo, J, additional
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- 1995
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14. Elevated interleukin-2 receptor level in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and the changes following anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy
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Chan, CH, primary, Lai, CK, additional, Leung, JC, additional, Ho, AS, additional, and Lai, KN, additional
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- 1995
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15. Bronchial mucosal manifestations of atopy: a comparison of markers of inflammation between atopic asthmatics, atopic nonasthmatics and healthy controls
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Djukanovic, R, primary, Lai, CK, additional, Wilson, JW, additional, Britten, KM, additional, Wilson, SJ, additional, Roche, WR, additional, Howarth, PH, additional, and Holgate, ST, additional
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- 1992
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16. Aconite poisoning over 5 years: a case series in Hong Kong and lessons towards herbal safety.
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Chen SP, Ng SW, Poon WT, Lai CK, Ngan TM, Tse ML, Chan TY, Chan AY, Mak TW, Chen, Sammy Pak Lam, Ng, Sau Wah, Poon, Wing Tat, Lai, Chi Kong, Ngan, Teresa Man Shan, Tse, Man Li, Chan, Thomas Yan Keung, Chan, Albert Yan Wo, and Mak, Tony Wing Lai
- Abstract
Background: Aconite poisoning is a severe, life-threatening poisoning related to the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Despite current legislation, repeated poisoning cases are steadily encountered.Objective: The aim of the study was to summarize the clinical features and to elucidate the causative and contributory factors leading to aconite poisoning.Methods: This study was conducted within the Hospital Authority Toxicology Reference Laboratory, which is the sole tertiary referral clinical toxicology laboratory in Hong Kong. This retrospective study reviewed all confirmed aconite poisoning cases handled by a clinical toxicology laboratory between April 2004 and July 2009. The diagnosis in all cases was confirmed biochemically by detecting aconitum alkaloids in urine specimens. Additionally, herbal specimens were morphologically identified and herbal formulae were studied and transcribed. The cause of poisoning for each case was determined whenever possible.Results: Fifty-two cases were examined in this aconite poisoning case series. Neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal toxicities were encountered in 49 (94.2%), 46 (88.5%) and 31 (59.6%) patients, respectively. The poisoning was severe in 6 (11.5%) patients, moderate in 17 (32.7%) patients and mild in 29 (55.8%) patients. Amongst 44 patients (84.6%) in whom the underlying reasons of poisoning could be determined, four major causes were found. These included overdose - prescription of a higher than recommended dosage of aconite herbs in 17 (32.7%) cases; 'hidden' poisoning (the aconite herb was not prescribed but dispensed inadvertently) in 17 (32.7%) cases; usage of inadequately processed herbs in 7 (13.5%) cases; and dispensary error in 2 (3.9%) cases. No case fatality was recorded.Conclusion: In the majority of cases in this series, the causes of poisoning can be traced to poor-quality herbs, poor quality of prescription practice, or dispensary errors. The quality issues of TCM practice should be critically addressed to minimize this poisoning threat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
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17. A cost-benefit analysis of the outpatient smoking cessation services in taiwan from a societal viewpoint.
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Chen PC, Lee YC, Tsai ST, and Lai CK
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- 2012
18. A novel classification system for perineural invasion in noncutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: histologic subcategories and patient outcomes.
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Miller ME, Palla B, Chen Q, Elashoff DA, Abemayor E, St John MA, and Lai CK
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- 2012
19. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the airway: a 30-year review at one institution.
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Calzada AP, Miller M, Lai CK, Elashoff DA, Abemayor E, and St John MA
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- 2012
20. Snail as a novel marker for regional metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Mendelsohn AH, Lai CK, Shintaku IP, Fishbein MC, Brugman K, Elashoff DA, Abemayor E, Dubinett SM, St John MA, Mendelsohn, Abie H, Lai, Chi K, Shintaku, I Peter, Fishbein, Michael C, Brugman, Katherine, Elashoff, David A, Abemayor, Elliot, Dubinett, Steven M, and St John, Maie A
- Abstract
Objective: Previous studies have shown Snail expression integral to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumor progression. However, its behavior in clinical head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) is yet undefined. We therefore sought to (1) investigate clinical and histopathologic characteristics of Snail-positive HNSCC and (2) understand the link between Snail and other commonly used HNSCC tumor markers.Study Design: A retrospective case-control study was conducted.Setting: This study was conducted in a large-scale academic center.Study Subjects: Of 51 consecutive HNSCC, 42 surgical resections were included.Methods: Two separate pathologists performed standard histopathologic reviews along with immunohistochemistries (Snail, E-cadherin, p16, epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]) and in situ hybridization (human papilloma virus [HPV]). Medical review for all cases was performed.Results: Twenty-two (52%) of 42 cases stained 4+ Snail (>75% staining). The remaining 20 cases were considered negative. Snail was strongly inversely related to E-cadherin expression (ρ = -0.69, P < .001), but statistically independent from HPV, p16, or EGFR expression. Snail(+) tumors were equally represented from each anatomic subsite. Snail(+) tumors were strongly associated with poor differentiation (P < .001) and basaloid classification (P = .004). Snail(+) tumors were also strongly associated with lymphovascular invasion (P = .02), but not perineural invasion. Ultimately, 11 (50%) of 22 of Snail(+) tumors demonstrated positive nodal metastasis and 11 (79%) of 14 node-positive cases were Snail(+) (P = .02).Conclusion: This pilot study provides promising evidence of Snail' role as a molecular prognostic marker for HNSCC. Snail positivity is significantly predictive of poorly differentiated, lymphovascular invasive, as well as regionally metastatic tumors. Because Snail positivity appears independent of HPV, p16, and EGFR expression, Snail may prove to improve upon these markers' predictive limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
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21. Acetaminophen use and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in adolescents: international study of asthma and allergies in childhood phase three.
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Beasley RW, Clayton TO, Crane J, Lai CK, Montefort SR, Mutius E, Stewart AW, and ISAAC Phase Three Study Group
- Abstract
Rationale: There is epidemiological evidence that the use of acetaminophen may increase the risk of developing asthma. Objectives: To investigate the risk of asthma and other allergic disorders associated with the current use of acetaminophen in 13- to 14-year-old children in different populations worldwide. Methods: As part of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three, 13- to 14-year-old children completed written and video questionnaires obtaining data on current symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema, and a written environmental questionnaire obtaining data on putative risk factors, including acetaminophen use in the past 12 months. Measurements and Main Results: The primary outcome measure was the odds ratio (OR) of current asthma symptoms associated with acetaminophen use calculated by logistic regression. A total of 322,959 adolescent children from 113 centers in 50 countries participated. In the multivariate analyses the recent use of acetaminophen was associated with an exposure-dependent increased risk of current asthma symptoms (OR, 1.43 [95% confidence interval, 1.33-1.53] and 2.51 [95% confidence interval, 2.33-2.70] for medium and high versus no use, respectively). Acetaminophen use was also associated with an exposure-dependent increased risk of current symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. Conclusions: Acetaminophen use may represent an important risk factor for the development and/or maintenance of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in adolescent children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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22. Ambient particulate pollution and the world-wide prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children: Phase One of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC).
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Anderson HR, Ruggles R, Pandey KD, Kapetanakis V, Brunekreef B, Lai CK, Strachan DP, Weiland SK, ISAAC Phase One Study Group, Anderson, H Ross, Ruggles, Ruth, Pandey, Kiran D, Kapetanakis, Venediktos, Brunekreef, Bert, Lai, Christopher K W, Strachan, David P, and Weiland, Stephan K
- Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of ambient particulate matter on variation in childhood prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema.Methods: Prevalences of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema obtained in Phase One of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were matched with city-level estimates of residential PM(10) obtained from a World Bank model. Associations were investigated using binomial regression adjusting for GNP per capita and for clustering within country. For countries with more than one centre, a two stage meta-analysis was carried out. The results were compared with a meta-analysis of published multi-centre studies.Results: Annual concentrations of PM(10) at city level were obtained for 105 ISAAC centres in 51 countries. After controlling for GNP per capita, there was a weak negative association between PM(10) and various outcomes. For severe wheeze in 13-14-year-olds, the OR for a 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(10) was 0.92 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.00). In 24 countries with more than one centre, most summary estimates for within-country associations were weakly positive. For severe wheeze in 13-14-year-olds, the summary OR for a 10 microg/m(3) increase in PM(10) was 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10). This result was close to a summary OR of 0.99 (0.91 to 1.06) obtained from published multi-centre studies.Conclusions: Modelled estimates of particulate matter at city level are imprecise and incomplete estimates of personal exposure to ambient air pollutants. Nevertheless, our results together with those of previous multi-centre studies, suggest that urban background PM(10) has little or no association with the prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis or eczema either within or between countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2010
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23. Global variation in the prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms: phase three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)
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Lai CK, Beasley R, Crane J, Foliaki S, Shah J, Weiland S, and International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Three Study Group
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- 2009
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24. The influence of cyclooxygenase inhibition on the loss of bronchoconstrictor response to repeated bradykinin challenge in asthma
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Polosa, R, primary, Lai, CK, additional, Robinson, C, additional, and Holgate, ST, additional
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- 1990
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25. Outdoor air pollution and asthma.
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Wong GW, Lai CK, Wong, Gary W K, and Lai, Chris K W
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- 2004
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26. Are environmental risk factors for current wheeze in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase three due to reverse causation?
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Silverwood, Richard J., Rutter, Charlotte E., Mitchell, Edwin A., Asher, M. Innes, Garcia‐Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, Aït‐Khaled, N, Anderson, HR, Beasley, R, Björkstén, B, Brunekreef, B, Crane, J, Ellwood, P, Flohr, C, Forastiere, F, Foliaki, S, Keil, U, Lai, CKW, Mallol, J, Robertson, CF, Montefort, S, Odhiambo, J, Shah, J, Stewart, AW, Strachan, D, Mutius, E, Weiland, SK, Weinmayr, G, Wong, G, Clayton, TO, Baena‐Cagnani, CE, Gómez, M, Howitt, ME, Weyler, J, Pinto‐Vargas, R, Cunha, AJ, Freitas Souza, L, Kuaban, C, Ferguson, A, Standring, P, Aguilar, P, Amarales, L, Benavides, LA, Chen, Y‐Z, Kunii, O, Li Pan, Q, Zhong, NS, Aristizábal, G, Cepeda, AM, Ordoñez, GA, Bustos, C, Riikjärv, M‐A, Melaku, K, Sa'aga‐Banuve, R, Pekkanen, J, Hypolite, IE, Novák, Z, Zsigmond, G, Awasthi, S, Bhave, S, Hanumante, NM, Jain, KC, Joshi, MK, Khatav, VA, Mantri, SN, Pherwani, AV, Rego, S, Sabir, M, Salvi, S, Setty, G, Sharma, SK, Singh, V, Sukumaran, T, Suresh Babu, PS, Kartasasmita, CB, Konthen, P, Suprihati, W, Masjedi, MR, teriu, A, Koffi, BN, Odajima, H, al‐Momen, JA, Imanalieva, C, Kudzyte, J, Quah, BS, Teh, KH, Baeza‐Bacab, M, Barragán‐Meijueiro, M, Del‐Río‐Navarro, BE, García‐Almaráz, R, González‐Díaz, SN, Linares‐Zapién, FJ, Merida‐Palacio, JV, Ramírez‐Chanona, N, Romero‐Tapia, S, Romieu, I, Bouayad, Z, MacKay, R, Moyes, C, Pattemore, P, Onadeko, BO, Cukier, G, Chiarella, P, Cua‐Lim, F, Brêborowicz, A, Lis, G, Câmara, R, Chiera, ML, Lopes dos Santos, JM, Nunes, C, Rosado Pinto, J, Vlaski, E, Fuimaono, P, Goh, DY, Zar, HJ, Lee, HB, Blanco‐Quirós, A, Busquets, RM, Carvajal‐Urueña, I, García‐Hernández, G, ópez‐Silvarrey Varela, A, Morales‐Suárez‐Varela, M, Pérez‐Yarza, EG, Musa, OA, Al‐Rawas, O, Mohammad, S, Tabbah, K, Huang, JL, Kao, CC, Trakultivakorn, M, Vichyanond, P, Iosefa, T, Burr, M, Holgado, D, Lapides, MC, Windom, HH, Aldrey, O, Solé, D, Sears, M, Barba, S, Baratawidjaja, K, Nishima, S, Bruyne, J, Tuuau‐Potoi, N, Lai, CK, Lee, BW, El Sony, A, and Anderson, R
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27. Intrapulmonary ectopic liver after orthotopic heart transplantation.
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Mehta RI, Lai CK, Kee S, and Fishbein MC
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- 2010
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28. The merits and problems of Neuropsychiatric Inventory as an assessment tool in people with dementia and other neurological disorders
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Lai CKY
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Neuropsychiatric Inventory ,neuropsychiatric symptoms ,measurement ,outcome assessment ,dementia ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Claudia KY LaiSchool of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China Objective: The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) is one of the most commonly used assessment scales for assessing symptoms in people with dementia and other neurological disorders. This paper analyzes its conceptual framework, measurement mode, psychometric properties, and merits and problems.Method: All articles discussing the psychometric properties and factor structure of the NPI were searched for in Medline via Ovid. The abstracts of these papers were read to determine their relevance to the purpose of this paper. If deemed appropriate, a full paper was then obtained and read. Results: The NPI has reasonably good content validity and internal consistency, and good test–retest and interrater reliability. There is limited information about its sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and, in particular, responsiveness. Merits of the NPI include being comprehensive, avoiding symptom overlap, ease of use, and flexibility. It has problems in scoring (no multiples of 5, 7, and 11) and, therefore, analysis using parametric tests may not be appropriate. The use of individual subscales also warrants further investigation.Conclusion: In terms of its content and concurrent validity, intra- and interrater reliability, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency, the NPI can be considered as valid and reliable, and can be used across different ethnic groups. The tool is most likely unable to deliver as good a performance in terms of discriminating between different disorders. More studies are required to further evaluate its psychometric properties, particularly in the areas of factor structure and responsiveness. The clinical utility of the NPI also needs to be further explored. Keywords: measurement, neuropsychiatric symptoms, outcome assessment
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- 2014
29. Diterpene chemistry. VIII. Synthesis of perfumery compounds from labda-8(17),14-dien-13-ol (manool).
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Grant, PK and Lai, CK
- Abstract
Hydroxymethylation of 14,15-dinorlabd-8(17)-en-13-one (3) has led to the synthesis of a new series of intramolecular acetals related to known perfumery compounds. A novel oxidation of a saturated compound with selenium dioxide/hydrogen peroxide is reported.
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- 1978
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30. Primary care physician perceptions on the diagnosis and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in diverse regions of the world
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Aisanov Z, Bai CX, Bauerle O, Colodenco FD, Feldman C, Hashimoto S, Jardim J, Lai CKW, Laniado-Laborin R, Nadeau G, Sayiner A, Shim JJ, Tsai YH, Walters RD, and Waterer G
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Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Zaurbek Aisanov1,*, Chunxue Bai2,*, Otto Bauerle3,*, Federico D Colodenco4,*, Charles Feldman5,6,*, Shu Hashimoto7,*, Jose Jardim8,*, Christopher KW Lai9,*, Rafael Laniado-Laborin10,*, Gilbert Nadeau11,*, Abdullah Sayiner12,*, Jae Jeong Shim13,*, Ying Huang Tsai14,*, Richard D Walters11,*, Grant Waterer15,* 1Pulmonology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia; 2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; 3Centro Médico de las Américas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; 4Hospital de Rehabilitación Respiratoria "María Ferrer," Buenos Aires, Argentina; 5Department of Internal Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa; 6Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 7Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 8Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 9Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China; 10Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; 11Medical Affairs, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK; 12Department of Chest Diseases, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey; 13Department of Pulmonology, Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; 14Department of Respiratory Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan; 15School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia*ICON group (International COPD Network), listed in alphabetical orderAbstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multicomponent disorder that leads to substantial disability, impaired quality of life, and increased mortality. Although the majority of COPD patients are first diagnosed and treated in primary care practices, there is comparatively little information on the management of COPD patients in primary care. A web-based pilot survey was conducted to evaluate the primary care physician's, or general practitioner's (GP's), knowledge, understanding, and management of COPD in twelve territories across the Asia-Pacific region, Africa, eastern Europe, and Latin America, using a 10-minute questionnaire comprising 20 questions and translated into the native language of each participating territory. The questionnaire was administered to a total of 600 GPs (50 from each territory) involved in the management of COPD patients and all data were collated and analyzed by an independent health care research consultant. This survey demonstrated that the GPs' understanding of COPD was variable across the territories, with large numbers of GPs having very limited knowledge of COPD and its management. A consistent finding across all territories was the underutilization of spirometry (median 26%; range 10%–48%) and reliance on X-rays (median 14%; range 5%–22%) for COPD diagnosis, whereas overuse of blood tests (unspecified) was particularly high in Russia and South Africa. Similarly, there was considerable underrecognition of the importance of exacerbation history as an important factor of COPD and its initial management in most territories (median 4%; range 0%–22%). Management of COPD was well below guideline-recommended levels in most of the regions investigated. The findings of this survey suggest there is a need for more ongoing education and information, specifically directed towards GPs outside of Europe and North America, and that global COPD guidelines appear to have limited reach and application in most of the areas studied.Keywords: COPD, questionnaire, survey, guidelines
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- 2012
31. Effect of an inhaled mast cell stabiliser, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (Zy15109) on allergen-induced immediate bronchoconstriction.
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Lai, CK, Gregory, J, and Holgate, ST
- Abstract
We have studied the effect of a mast cell stabiliser, the magnesium salt of N-acetyl aspartyl glutamic acid (NAAGA) on allergen-induced immediate bronchoconstriction in 12 atopic subjects. Inhaled NAAGA, at a dose of 60 mg thrice daily for 1 week, offered no protective effect on the airways against allergen challenge when compared with a matched placebo. The drug was well tolerated with no adverse effects observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1989
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32. The Reproducibility Project: A model of large-scale collaboration for empirical research on reproducibility
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Aarts, Aa, Alexander, A., Attridge, P., Bahník, Š, Barnett-Cowan, M., Bartmess, E., Bosco, Fa, Brown, B., Brown, K., Chandler, Jj, Clay, R., Cleary, H., Cohn, M., Costantini, G., Jan Crusius, Decoster, J., Degaetano, M., Donohue, R., Dunn, E., Eggleston, C., Estel, V., Farach, Fj, Fiedler, S., Field, Jg, Fitneva, S., Foster, Jd, Frazier, Rs, Galliani, Em, Giner-Sorolla, R., Goss, Rj, Graham, J., Grange, Ja, Hartshorne, J., Hayes, Tb, Hicks, G., Humphries, D., Jahn, G., Johnson, K., Joy-Gaba, Ja, Goellner, L., Kappes, Eb, Lai, Ck, Lakens, D., Lane, Ka, Lebel, Ep, Lee, M., Lemm, K., Lewis, M., Lin, Sc, Mackinnon, S., Mainard, H., Mann, M., May, M., Motyl, M., Moore, K., Müller, Sm, Nosek, Ba, Olsson, C., Perugini, M., Pitts, M., Ratliff, K., Renkewitz, F., Rutchick, Am, Sandstrom, G., Selterman, D., Simpson, W., Smith, Ct, Spies, Jr, Talhelm, T., T Veer, A., Vianello, M., Stodden, V, Leisch, F, Peng, RD, Aarts, A, Alexander, A, Attridge, P, Bahník, Š, Barnett Cowan, M, Bartmess, E, Bosco, F, Brown, B, Brown, K, Chandler, J, Clay, R, Cleary, H, Cohn, M, Costantini, G, Crusius, J, Decoster, J, Degaetano, M, Donohue, R, Dunn, E, Eggleston, C, Estel, V, Farach, F, Fiedler, S, Field, J, Fitneva, S, Foster, J, Frazier, R, Galliani, E, Giner Sorolla, R, Goss, R, Graham, J, Grange, J, Hartshorne, J, Hayes, T, Hicks, G, Humphries, D, Jahn, G, Johnson, K, Joy Gaba, J, Goellner, L, Kappes, E, Lai, C, Lakens, D, Lane, K, Lebel, E, Lee, M, Lemm, K, Lewis, M, Lin, S, Mackinnon, S, Mainard, H, Mann, M, May, M, Motyl, M, Moore, K, Müller, S, Nosek, B, Olsson, C, Perugini, M, Pitts, M, Ratliff, K, Renkewitz, F, Rutchick, A, Sandstrom, G, Selterman, D, Simpson, W, Smith, C, Spies, J, Talhelm, T, van 't Veer, A, and Vianello, M
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Open Science, collaboration, reproducibility, replication, methodology - Abstract
The goal of science is to accumulate knowledge that answers questions such as “How do things work?” and “Why do they work that way?” Scientists use a variety of methodologies to describe, predict, and explain natural phenomena. These methods are so diverse that it is difficult to define a unique scientific method, although all scientific methodologies share the assumption of reproducibility (Hempel and Oppenheim, 1948; Kuhn, 1962; Popper, 1934/1992; Salmon, 1989).
33. Association between paracetamol use in infancy and childhood, and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in children aged 6-7 years: analysis from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme.
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Beasley R, Clayton T, Crane J, von Mutius E, Lai CK, Montefort S, Stewart A, and ISAAC Phase Three Study Group
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- 2008
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34. Reducing implicit racial preferences: I. A comparative investigation of 17 interventions
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Hawkins, Carlee, Chen , Eva, Heiphetz, Larisa, Frazier, Rebecca, Koleva, Sena, Wojcik, Sean, Teachman , Bethany, Ho, Arnold, Joy-Gaba, Jennifer, Shin, Jiyun, Cerruti, Carlo, Lehr, Steven, Marini, Maddalena, Lai, Calvin, Lai , Calvin, Joy-Gaba , Jennifer, Sriram, Natarajan, Dial, Christopher, Turner, Rhiannon, Schaefer, Hillary, Rubichi, Sandro, Sartori, Giuseppe, Banaji , Mahzarin, Nosek , Brian, Kesebir, Selin, Haidt, Jonathan, Lai, Ck, Marini, M, Lehr, Sa, Cerruti, C, Shin, Jel, Joy-Gaba, Ja, Ho, Ak, Teachman, Ba, Wojcik, Sp, Koleva, Sp, Frazier, R, Heiphetz, L, Chen, Ee, Turner, Rn, Haidt, J, Kesebir, S, Hawkins, Cb, Schaefer, H, Rubichi, S, Sartori, G, Dial, Cm, Sriram, N, Banaji, Mr, and Nosek, Ba
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Male ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Intragroup Processes ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social Cognition ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality and Creativity ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Multi-attribute Choice ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Theories of Personality ,Psychological intervention ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Racism ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Moral Behavior ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Testing and Assessment ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self-regulation ,General Psychology ,Prejudice (legal term) ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Motivational Behavior ,media_common ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Prejudice and Discrimination ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Well-being ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social Influence ,Social perception ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Nudges ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Negotiation ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Affect and Emotion Regulation ,Implicit-association test ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cultural Psychology|Cross-cultural Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Behavioral Economics ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social Well-being ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Intergroup Processes ,Social Perception ,Perspective-taking ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Experimental Economics ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Social Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self and Social Identity ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Personality and Social Contexts ,Female ,Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Attitudes and Persuasion ,Social psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Contingent Valuation ,Adult ,Social Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Politics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Individual Differences ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Nonverbal Behavior ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Interventions ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Narrative Research ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Diversity ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Genetic factors ,White People ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Interpersonal Relationships ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality and Situations ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Social cognition ,Intervention (counseling) ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality Processes ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Impression Formation ,Humans ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Violence and Aggression ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Disability ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Achievement and Status ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Prosocial Behavior ,explicit and implicit prejudice ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Cultural Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Consumer Psychology|Consumer Decision Making ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self-esteem ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Sexuality ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Cultural Differences ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Trait Theory ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Emotion ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Religion and Spirituality - Abstract
Many methods for reducing implicit prejudice have been identified, but little is known about their relative effectiveness. We held a research contest to experimentally compare interventions for reducing the expression of implicit racial prejudice. Teams submitted seventeen interventions that were tested an average of 3.70 times each in four studies (total N = 17,021), with rules for revising interventions between studies. Eight of seventeen interventions were effective at reducing implicit preferences for Whites compared to Blacks, particularly ones that provided experience with counterstereotypical exemplars, used evaluative conditioning methods, and provided strategies to override biases. The other nine interventions were ineffective, particularly ones that engaged participants with others’ perspectives, asked participants to consider egalitarian values, or induced a positive emotion. The most potent interventions were ones that invoked high self-involvement or linked Black people with positivity and White people with negativity. No intervention consistently reduced explicit racial preferences. Furthermore, intervention effectiveness only weakly extended to implicit preferences for Asians and Hispanics.
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- 2014
35. Global variations in prevalence of eczema symptoms in children from ISAAC Phase Three
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Eduardo G. Perez-Yarza, Todor Popov, Mohammad Reza Masjedi, Luis Garcia-Marcos, Alexander C. Ferguson, Jing-Long Huang, Lennart Nilsson, NEUSA WANDALSEN, Pascual Chiarella, Francesco Forastiere, Diana Deleanu, Neil Pearce, Hywel Williams, Emilija Vlaski, Gerald Haidinger, Kristina Lah Tomulic, Luke Clancy, Andreea Steriu, Philippa Ellwood, FRANCISCO Guillen-Grima, Piersante Sestini, Stefania La Grutta, Rahim Khaitov, Claudia Galassi, Gary Wong, Nuha El Sharif, Heather Zar, Roberto Garcia-Almaraz, Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), JA Odhiambo, Williams HC, B Brunekreef, Crane J, P Ellwood, C Flohr, S Foliaki, García-L Marcos, U Keil, Lai CK, Mallol J, EA Mitchell, Clayton, Montefort S, N Pearce, Stewart AW, Strachan D, E von Mutius, SK Weiland, G Weinmayr, H Williams, Wong G, Priftanji A, FC Robertson, B Benhabyles, Baena-Cagnani CE, CD Crisci, GE Zabert, G Haidinger, ME Howitt, Weyler J, Pinto-Vargas R, CD Bernhardt, Borges GT, Asher MI, PA Camargos, MD Cardoso, Cunha AJ, GB Fischer, JM Motta, AP Neto, Passos FJ, AC Pastorino, N Rosário, Silva A, Phase Trois Groupe d'étude ISAAC . Collaborateurs (264) Khaled Aït-N, D Solé, Wandalsen N, M de Britto, LDE Souza F, T Popov, C Kuaban, Ferguson A, Rennie D, R Goulding, Standring P, RH Anderson, P Aguilar, L Amarales, Benavides LA, MA Calvo, Contreras A, Chen YZ, Kunii O, QL Pan, MI Asher, R Beasley, and B Bjorksten
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,Cross-sectional study ,Clinical assessment ,Prevalence ,Eczema ,ISAAC ,Global Health ,Skin manifestation ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,MESH: Child ,Epidemiology ,Immunology and Allergy ,Child ,Evaluation ,Children ,Priority journal ,Global ,Atopic dermatitis ,3. Good health ,Health care planning ,Sex ,Female ,Ecuador ,Public health service ,Sex ratio ,Age distribution ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Asia ,Adolescent ,Immunology ,Major clinical study ,Colombia ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies ,Rash ,medicine ,Humans ,MESH: Prevalence ,Asthma ,MESH: Adolescent ,Sleep disorder ,MESH: Humans ,Epidemiological data ,business.industry ,Questionnaire ,Public health ,MESH: Questionnaires ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,MESH: Male ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,El Niño ,MESH: Eczema ,Preschool child ,Africa ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,School child ,Geographic distribution ,business ,MESH: Female ,MESH: World Health ,Demography - Abstract
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. Background: In 1999, The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase One reported the prevalence of eczema symptoms in 715,033 children from 154 centers in 56 countries by using standardized epidemiologic tools. Objective: To update the world map of eczema prevalence after 5 to 10 years (ISAAC Phase Three) and include additional data from over 100 new centers. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys using the ISAAC questionnaire on eczema symptoms were completed by adolescents 13 to 14 years old and by parents of children 6 to 7 years old. Current eczema was defined as an itchy flexural rash in the past 12 months and was considered severe eczema if associated with 1 or more nights per week of sleep disturbance. Results: For the age group 6 to 7 years, data on 385,853 participants from 143 centers in 60 countries showed that the prevalence of current eczema ranged from 0.9% in India to 22.5% in Ecuador, with new data showing high values in Asia and Latin America. For the age group 13 to 14 years, data on 663,256 participants from 230 centers in 96 countries showed prevalence values ranging from 0.2% in China to 24.6% in Columbia with the highest values in Africa and Latin America. Current eczema was lower for boys than girls (odds ratio, 0.94 and 0.72 at ages 6 to 7 years and 13 to 14 years, respectively). Conclusion:ISAAC Phase Three provides comprehensive global data on the prevalence of eczema symptoms that is essential for public health planning. New data reveal that eczema is a disease of developing as well as developed countries. Revisión por pares
- Published
- 2009
36. Design of CMOS Analog Front-End Local-Field Potential Chopper Amplifier With Stimulation Artifact Tolerance for Real-Time Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation SoC Applications.
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Wu CY, Huang CW, Chen YW, Lai CK, Hung CC, and Ker MD
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- Humans, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted instrumentation, Deep Brain Stimulation instrumentation, Amplifiers, Electronic, Artifacts, Equipment Design
- Abstract
A CMOS analog front-end (AFE) local-field potential (LFP) chopper amplifier with stimulation artifact tolerance, improved right-leg driven (RLD) circuit, and improved auxiliary path is proposed. In the proposed CMOS AFE LFP chopper amplifier, common-mode artifact voltage (CMAV) and differential-mode artifact voltage (DMAV) removal using the analog template removal method are proposed to achieve good signal linearity during stimulation. An improved auxiliary path is employed to boost the input impedance and allow the negative stimulation artifact voltage passing through. The common-mode noise is suppressed by the improved RLD circuit. The chip is implemented in 0.18- μm CMOS technology and the total chip area is 5.46-mm
2 . With the improved auxiliary path, the measured input impedance is larger than 133 M[Formula: see text] in the signal bandwidth and reaches 8.2 G[Formula: see text] at DC. With the improved RLD circuit, the measured CMRR is 131 - 144 dB in the signal bandwidth. Under 60-μs pulse width and 130-Hz constant current stimulation (CCS) with ±1-V CMAV and ±50-mV DMAV, the measured THD at the SC Amp output of fabricated AFE LFP chopper amplifier is 1.28%. The measurement results of In vitro agar tests have shown that with ±1.6-mA CCS pulses injecting to agar, the measured THD is 1.69%. Experimental results of both electrical and agar tests have verified that the proposed AFE LFP chopper amplifier has good stimulation artifact tolerance. The proposed CMOS AFE LFP chopper amplifier with analog template removal method is suitable for real-time closed-loop deep drain stimulation (DBS) SoC applications.- Published
- 2024
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37. Diagnostic value and safety of medical thoracoscopy in undiagnosed pleural effusions-a prospective observational cohort study.
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Goh KJ, Leong CK, Young SL, Chua BLW, Wong JJY, Phua IGCS, Lim WT, Anantham D, and Tan QL
- Abstract
Background: With the need for "actionable histology" in the current era of targeted cancer treatment, and the increasing practice of upfront thoracoscopy (without a prior diagnostic thoracentesis) or a "biopsy first" approach in suspected malignant pleural effusions (MPEs), we sought to prospectively evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, including full molecular profiling of cancer, and safety of medical thoracoscopy (MT) at a tertiary referral hospital., Methods: Patients with MT performed for an undiagnosed pleural effusion between January 2020 and December 2022 were included in this observational cohort study. All procedures were performed with a semirigid thoracoscope under conscious sedation. Clinical outcomes and adverse events were recorded prospectively., Results: We evaluated 141 patients, with a mean age of 67±12 years. Talc poudrage was performed in 67 (47.5%) patients with a median of 2 [interquartile range (IQR), 1-4] hospitalisation days after MT. Upfront thoracoscopy was performed in approximately half (55.3%) of patients. The overall diagnostic accuracy of MT was 95.7% in our cohort. A final diagnosis of cancer was made in 116 (82.3%) patients, with lung (67.2%) and breast cancer (8.6%) the most common. The diagnostic sensitivity of MT for malignancy was 94.8%, and molecular profiling of relevant cancer types for oncogenic mutations was achieved in all patients with malignancy seen on histopathology. The most common non-malignant diagnosis was tuberculous pleuritis in 14 patients (9.9%). Major complications occurred in 3 (2.1%) patients. Two patients had re-expansion pulmonary edema that resolved with low flow oxygen supplementation in the general ward, and one patient required intensive care unit admission for cardiac tamponade from a malignant pericardial effusion. There were no cases of mortality, bleeding complications or persistent air leaks., Conclusions: MT is a well-tolerated and effective option for the evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusions. With expanding utility and expertise with MT and other pleural interventions, the challenge for respiratory physicians is integrating these into expeditious diagnostic and effective therapeutic pathways, individualised to patients' needs., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://jtd.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/jtd-24-219/coif). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2024 Journal of Thoracic Disease. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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38. Improving response time and survival in ward based in-hospital cardiac arrest: A quality improvement initiative.
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Leong CK, Tan HL, Ching EYH, and Tien JC
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- Humans, Quality Improvement, Reaction Time, Clinical Competence, Hospitals, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation methods, Heart Arrest therapy, Emergency Medical Services methods
- Abstract
Background: Survival in cardiac arrest is associated with rapid initiation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and advanced life support. To improve ROSC rates and survival, we identified the need to reduce response times and implement coordinated resuscitation by dedicated cardiac arrest teams (CATs). We aimed to improve ROSC rates by 10% within 6 months, and subsequent survival to hospital discharge., Methods: We used the Model for Improvement to implement a ward-based cardiac arrest quality improvement (QI) initiative across 3 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. QI interventions focused on instituting dedicated CATs and resuscitation equipment, staff training, communications, audit framework, performance feedback, as well as a cardiac arrest documentation form. The primary outcome was the rate of ROSC, and the secondary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Process measures were call center processing times, CAT response times and CAT nurses' knowledge and confidence regarding CPR. Balancing measures were the number of non-cardiac arrest activations and the number of cardiac arrest activations in patients with existing do-not-resuscitate orders., Results: After adjustments for possible confounders in the multivariate analysis, there was a significant improvement in ROSC rate post-intervention as compared to the pre-intervention period (OR 2.05 [1.04-4.05], p = 0.04). Median (IQR) call center processing times decreased from 1.8 (1.6-2.0) pre-intervention to 1.4 (1.4-1.6) minutes post-intervention (p = 0.03). Median (IQR) CAT response times decreased from 5.1 (4.5-7.0) pre-intervention to 3.6 (3.4-4.3) minutes post-intervention (p < 0.001). After adjustments for possible confounders in the multivariate analysis, there was no significant improvement in survival to hospital discharge post-intervention as compared to the pre-intervention period (OR 0.71 [0.25-2.06], p = 0.53)., Conclusion: Implementation of a ward-based cardiac arrest QI initiative resulted in an improvement in ROSC rates, median call center and CAT response times., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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39. A machine learning-based risk score for prediction of infective endocarditis among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia - The SABIER score.
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Lai CK, Leung E, He Y, Cheung CC, Oliver MOY, Yu Q, Li TC, Lee AL, Yu L, and Lui GC
- Abstract
Background: Early risk assessment is needed to stratify Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis (SA-IE) risk among Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) patients to guide clinical management. The objective of this study is to develop a novel risk score independent of subjective clinical judgment and can be used early at the time of blood culture positivity., Methods: We conducted a retrospective big data analysis from territory-wide electronic data and included hospitalized patients with SAB between 2009 and 2019. We applied a random forest risk scoring model to select variables from an array of parameters, according to the statistical importance of each feature in predicting SA-IE outcome. The data was divided into derivation and validation cohorts. The areas under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (AUCROC) were determined., Results: We identified 15,741 SAB patients, among them 4.18% had SA-IE. The AUCROC was 0.74 (95%CI 0.70-0.76), with a negative predictive value of 0.980 (95%CI 0.977-0.983). The four most discriminatory features were age, history of infective endocarditis, valvular heart disease, and being community-onset., Conclusion: We developed a novel risk score with good performance as compared to existing scores and can be used at the time of SAB and prior to subjective clinical judgment., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2024
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40. America's racial framework of superiority and Americanness embedded in natural language.
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Lee MHJ, Montgomery JM, and Lai CK
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America's racial framework can be summarized using two distinct dimensions: superiority/inferiority and Americanness/foreignness. We investigated America's racial framework in a corpus of spoken and written language using word embeddings. Word embeddings place words on a low-dimensional space where words with similar meanings are proximate, allowing researchers to test whether the positions of group and attribute words in a semantic space reflect stereotypes. We trained a word embedding model on the Corpus of Contemporary American English-a corpus of 1 billion words that span 30 years and 8 text categories-and compared the positions of racial/ethnic groups with respect to superiority and Americanness. We found that America's racial framework is embedded in American English. We also captured an additional nuance: Asian people were stereotyped as more American than Hispanic people. These results are empirical evidence that America's racial framework is embedded in American English., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Sequential versus Concurrent Intrapleural Instillation of Tissue Plasminogen Activator and DNase for Pleural Infection.
- Author
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Goh KJ, Chew WM, Ong JCL, Leong CK, Mohamed Noor IB, Anantham D, Hui LYS, Choong MCM, Liew CJY, Gutierrez MT, Wong JJY, Phua IGCS, Lim WT, and Tan QL
- Subjects
- Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Treatment Outcome, Fibrinolytic Agents therapeutic use, Pleural Effusion therapy, Pleural Diseases therapy, Tissue Plasminogen Activator therapeutic use, Deoxyribonucleases therapeutic use
- Abstract
Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with pleural infection requiring intrapleural therapy at two tertiary referral centres., Results: We included 84 (62.2%) and 51 (37.8%) patients who received sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics, including age, RAPID score, and percentage of pleural opacity on radiographs before intrapleural therapy, were similar in both groups. Treatment failure rates (defined by either in-hospital mortality, surgical intervention, or 30-day readmission for pleural infection) were 9.5% and 5.9% with sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively ( p = 0.534). This translates to a treatment success rate of 90.5% and 94.1% for sequential and concurrent intrapleural therapy, respectively. There was no significant difference in the decrease in percentage of pleural effusion size on chest radiographs (15.1% [IQR 6-35.7] versus 26.6% [IQR 9.9-38.7], p = 0.143) between sequential and concurrent therapy, respectively. There were also no significant differences in the rate of pleural bleeding (4.8% versus 9.8%, p = 0.298) and chest pain (13.1% versus 9.8%, p = 0.566) between sequential and concurrent therapy, respectively., Conclusion: Our study adds to the growing literature on the safety and efficacy of concurrent intrapleural therapy in pleural infection., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Ken Junyang Goh et al.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. 2023 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 20-23, 2023.
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Brière R, Émond M, Benhamed A, Blanchard PG, Drolet S, Habashi R, Golbon B, Shellenberger J, Pasternak J, Merchant S, Shellenberger J, La J, Sawhney M, Brogly S, Cadili L, Horkoff M, Ainslie S, Demetrick J, Chai B, Wiseman K, Hwang H, Alhumoud Z, Salem A, Lau R, Aw K, Nessim C, Gawad N, Alibhai K, Towaij C, Doan D, Raîche I, Valji R, Turner S, Balmes PN, Hwang H, Hameed SM, Tan JGK, Wijesuriya R, Tan JGK, Hew NLC, Wijesuriya R, Lund M, Hawel J, Gregor J, Leslie K, Lenet T, McIsaac D, Hallet J, Jerath A, Lalu M, Nicholls S, Presseau J, Tinmouth A, Verret M, Wherrett C, Fergusson D, Martel G, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Talwar G, Patel J, Heimann L, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Wang C, Guo M, Huang L, Sun S, Davis N, Wang J, Skulsky S, Sikora L, Raîche I, Son HJ, Gee D, Gomez D, Jung J, Selvam R, Seguin N, Zhang L, Lacaille-Ranger A, Sikora L, McIsaac D, Moloo H, Follett A, Holly, Organ M, Pace D, Balvardi S, Kaneva P, Semsar-Kazerooni K, Mueller C, Vassiliou M, Al Mahroos M, Fiore JF Jr, Schwartzman K, Feldman L, Guo M, Karimuddin A, Liu GP, Crump T, Sutherland J, Hickey K, Bonisteel EM, Umali J, Dogar I, Warden G, Boone D, Mathieson A, Hogan M, Pace D, Seguin N, Moloo H, Li Y, Best G, Leong R, Wiseman S, Alaoui AA, Hajjar R, Wassef E, Metellus DS, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Ratelle R, Schwenter F, Debroux É, Wassef R, Gagnon-Konamna M, Pomp A, Richard CS, Sebajang H, Alaoui AA, Hajjar R, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Sebajang H, Ratelle R, Schwenter F, Debroux É, Wassef R, Gagnon-Konamna M, Pomp A, Santos MM, Richard CS, Shi G, Leung R, Lim C, Knowles S, Parmar S, Wang C, Debru E, Mohamed F, Anakin M, Lee Y, Samarasinghe Y, Khamar J, Petrisor B, McKechnie T, Eskicioglu C, Yang I, Mughal HN, Bhugio M, Gok MA, Khan UA, Fernandes AR, Spence R, Porter G, Hoogerboord CM, Neumann K, Pillar M, Guo M, Manhas N, Melck A, Kazi T, McKechnie T, Jessani G, Heimann L, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Tessier L, Archer V, Park L, Cohen D, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Dionne J, Eskicioglu C, Bolin S, Afford R, Armstrong M, Karimuddin A, Leung R, Shi G, Lim C, Grant A, Van Koughnett JA, Knowles S, Clement E, Lange C, Roshan A, Karimuddin A, Scott T, Nadeau K, Macmillan J, Wilson J, Deschenes M, Nurullah A, Cahill C, Chen VH, Patterson KM, Wiseman SM, Wen B, Bhudial J, Barton A, Lie J, Park CM, Yang L, Gouskova N, Kim DH, Afford R, Bolin S, Morris-Janzen D, McLellan A, Karimuddin A, Archer V, Cloutier Z, Berg A, McKechnie T, Wiercioch W, Eskicioglu C, Labonté J, Bisson P, Bégin A, Cheng-Oviedo SG, Collin Y, Fernandes AR, Hossain I, Ellsmere J, El-Kefraoui C, Do U, Miller A, Kouyoumdjian A, Cui D, Khorasani E, Landry T, Amar-Zifkin A, Lee L, Feldman L, Fiore J, Au TM, Oppenheimer M, Logsetty S, AlShammari R, AlAbri M, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Raval MJ, Phang PT, Bird S, Baig Z, Abu-Omar N, Gill D, Suresh S, Ginther N, Karpinski M, Ghuman A, Malik PRA, Alibhai K, Zabolotniuk T, Raîche I, Gawad N, Mashal S, Boulanger N, Watt L, Razek T, Fata P, Grushka J, Wong EG, Hossain I, Landry M, Mackey S, Fairbridge N, Greene A, Borgoankar M, Kim C, DeCarvalho D, Pace D, Wigen R, Walser E, Davidson J, Dorward M, Muszynski L, Dann C, Seemann N, Lam J, Harding K, Lowik AJ, Guinard C, Wiseman S, Ma O, Mocanu V, Lin A, Karmali S, Bigam D, Harding K, Greaves G, Parker B, Nguyen V, Ahmed A, Yee B, Perren J, Norman M, Grey M, Perini R, Jowhari F, Bak A, Drung J, Allen L, Wiseman D, Moffat B, Lee JKH, McGuire C, Raîche I, Tudorache M, Gawad N, Park LJ, Borges FK, Nenshi R, Jacka M, Heels-Ansdell D, Simunovic M, Bogach J, Serrano PE, Thabane L, Devereaux PJ, Farooq S, Lester E, Kung J, Bradley N, Best G, Ahn S, Zhang L, Prince N, Cheng-Boivin O, Seguin N, Wang H, Quartermain L, Tan S, Shamess J, Simard M, Vigil H, Raîche I, Hanna M, Moloo H, Azam R, Ko G, Zhu M, Raveendran Y, Lam C, Tang J, Bajwa A, Englesakis M, Reel E, Cleland J, Snell L, Lorello G, Cil T, Ahn HS, Dube C, McIsaac D, Smith D, Leclerc A, Shamess J, Rostom A, Calo N, Thavorn K, Moloo H, Laplante S, Liu L, Khan N, Okrainec A, Ma O, Lin A, Mocanu V, Karmali S, Bigam D, Bruyninx G, Georgescu I, Khokhotva V, Talwar G, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Yang S, Khamar J, Hong D, Doumouras A, Eskicioglu C, Spoyalo K, Rebello TA, Chhipi-Shrestha G, Mayson K, Sadiq R, Hewage K, MacNeill A, Muncner S, Li MY, Mihajlovic I, Dykstra M, Snelgrove R, Wang H, Schweitzer C, Wiseman SM, Garcha I, Jogiat U, Baracos V, Turner SR, Eurich D, Filafilo H, Rouhi A, Bédard A, Bédard ELR, Patel YS, Alaichi JA, Agzarian J, Hanna WC, Patel YS, Alaichi JA, Provost E, Shayegan B, Adili A, Hanna WC, Mistry N, Gatti AA, Patel YS, Farrokhyar F, Xie F, Hanna WC, Sullivan KA, Farrokhyar F, Patel YS, Liberman M, Turner SR, Gonzalez AV, Nayak R, Yasufuku K, Hanna WC, Mistry N, Gatti AA, Patel YS, Cross S, Farrokhyar F, Xie F, Hanna WC, Haché PL, Galvaing G, Simard S, Grégoire J, Bussières J, Lacasse Y, Sassi S, Champagne C, Laliberté AS, Jeong JY, Jogiat U, Wilson H, Bédard A, Blakely P, Dang J, Sun W, Karmali S, Bédard ELR, Wong C, Hakim SY, Azizi S, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Fernandes AR, French D, Li C, Ellsmere J, Gossen S, French D, Bailey J, Tibbo P, Crocker C, Bondzi-Simpson A, Ribeiro T, Kidane B, Ko M, Coburn N, Kulkarni G, Hallet J, Ramzee AF, Afifi I, Alani M, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Chughtai T, Huo B, Manos D, Xu Z, Kontouli KM, Chun S, Fris J, Wallace AMR, French DG, Giffin C, Liberman M, Dayan G, Laliberté AS, Yasufuku K, Farivar A, Kidane B, Weessies C, Robinson M, Bednarek L, Buduhan G, Liu R, Tan L, Srinathan SK, Kidane B, Nasralla A, Safieddine N, Gazala S, Simone C, Ahmadi N, Hilzenrat R, Blitz M, Deen S, Humer M, Jugnauth A, Buduhan G, Kerr L, Sun S, Browne I, Patel Y, Hanna W, Loshusan B, Shamsil A, Naish MD, Qiabi M, Nayak R, Patel R, Malthaner R, Pooja P, Roberto R, Greg H, Daniel F, Huynh C, Sharma S, Vieira A, Jain F, Lee Y, Mousa-Doust D, Costa J, Mezei M, Chapman K, Briemberg H, Jack K, Grant K, Choi J, Yee J, McGuire AL, Abdul SA, Khazoom F, Aw K, Lau R, Gilbert S, Sundaresan S, Jones D, Seely AJE, Villeneuve PJ, Maziak DE, Pigeon CA, Frigault J, Drolet S, Roy ÈM, Bujold-Pitre K, Courval V, Tessier L, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Park L, Gangam N, Eskicioglu C, Cloutier Z, McKechnie T (McMaster University), Archer V, Park L, Lee J, Patel A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Ichhpuniani S, McKechnie T, Elder G, Chen A, Logie K, Doumouras A, Hong D, Benko R, Eskicioglu C, Castelo M, Paszat L, Hansen B, Scheer A, Faught N, Nguyen L, Baxter N, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Wu K, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Lee Y, Tessier L, Passos E, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Sachdeva A, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Fei LYN, Caycedo A, Patel S, Popa T, Boudreau L, Grin A, Wang T, Lie J, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Phang T, Raval M, Ghuman A, Candy S, Nanda K, Li C, Snelgrove R, Dykstra M, Kroeker K, Wang H, Roy H, Helewa RM, Johnson G, Singh H, Hyun E, Moffatt D, Vergis A, Balmes P, Phang T, Guo M, Liu J, Roy H, Webber S, Shariff F, Helewa RM, Hochman D, Park J, Johnson G, Hyun E, Robitaille S, Wang A, Maalouf M, Alali N, Elhaj H, Liberman S, Charlebois P, Stein B, Feldman L, Fiore JF Jr, Lee L, Hu R, Lacaille-Ranger A, Ahn S, Tudorache M, Moloo H, Williams L, Raîche I, Musselman R, Lemke M, Allen L, Samarasinghe N, Vogt K, Brackstone M, Zwiep T, Clement E, Lange C, Alam A, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Phang T, Raval M, Brown C, Clement E, Liu J, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Phang T, Raval M, Brown C, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, James N, Zwiep T, Van Koughnett JA, Laczko D, McKechnie T, Yang S, Wu K, Sharma S, Lee Y, Park L, Doumouras A, Hong D, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Tessier L, Lee S, Kazi T, Sritharan P, Lee Y, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Dionne J, Doumouras A, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Eskicioglu C, Hershorn O, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Raval M, Phang PT, Chen A, Boutros M, Caminsky N, Dumitra T, Faris-Sabboobeh S, Demian M, Rigas G, Monton O, Smith A, Moon J, Demian M, Garfinkle R, Vasilevsky CA, Rajabiyazdi F, Boutros M, Courage E, LeBlanc D, Benesch M, Hickey K, Hartwig K, Armstrong C, Engelbrecht R, Fagan M, Borgaonkar M, Pace D, Shanahan J, Moon J, Salama E, Wang A, Arsenault M, Leon N, Loiselle C, Rajabiyazdi F, Boutros M, Brennan K, Rai M, Farooq A, McClintock C, Kong W, Patel S, Boukhili N, Caminsky N, Faris-Sabboobeh S, Demian M, Boutros M, Paradis T, Robitaille S, Dumitra T, Liberman AS, Charlebois P, Stein B, Fiore JF Jr, Feldman LS, Lee L, Zwiep T, Abner D, Alam T, Beyer E, Evans M, Hill M, Johnston D, Lohnes K, Menard S, Pitcher N, Sair K, Smith B, Yarjau B, LeBlanc K, Samarasinghe N, Karimuddin AA, Brown CJ, Phang PT, Raval MJ, MacDonell K, Ghuman A, Harvey A, Phang PT, Karimuddin A, Brown CJ, Raval MJ, Ghuman A, Hershorn O, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Raval M, Phang PT, Brown C, Logie K, Mckechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Matta M, Baker L, Hopkins J, Rochon R, Buie D, MacLean A, Ghuman A, Park J, Karimuddin AA, Phang PT, Raval MJ, Brown CJ, Farooq A, Ghuman A, Patel S, Macdonald H, Karimuddin A, Raval M, Phang PT, Brown C, Wiseman V, Brennan K, Patel S, Farooq A, Merchant S, Kong W, McClintock C, Booth C, Hann T, Ricci A, Patel S, Brennan K, Wiseman V, McClintock C, Kong W, Farooq A, Kakkar R, Hershorn O, Raval M, Phang PT, Karimuddin A, Ghuman A, Brown C, Wiseman V, Farooq A, Patel S, Hajjar R, Gonzalez E, Fragoso G, Oliero M, Alaoui AA, Rendos HV, Djediai S, Cuisiniere T, Laplante P, Gerkins C, Ajayi AS, Diop K, Taleb N, Thérien S, Schampaert F, Alratrout H, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Sebajang H, Schwenter F, Wassef R, Ratelle R, Debroux É, Cailhier JF, Routy B, Annabi B, Brereton NJB, Richard C, Santos MM, Gimon T, MacRae H, de Buck van Overstraeten A, Brar M, Chadi S, Kennedy E, Baker L, Hopkins J, Rochon R, Buie D, MacLean A, Park LJ, Archer V, McKechnie T, Lee Y, McIsaac D, Rashanov P, Eskicioglu C, Moloo H, Devereaux PJ, Alsayari R, McKechnie T, Ichhpuniani S, Lee Y, Eskicioglu C, Hajjar R, Oliero M, Fragoso G, Ajayi AS, Alaoui AA, Rendos HV, Calvé A, Cuisinière T, Gerkins C, Thérien S, Taleb N, Dagbert F, Sebajang H, Loungnarath R, Schwenter F, Ratelle R, Wassef R, Debroux E, Richard C, Santos MM, Kennedy E, Simunovic M, Schmocker S, Brown C, MacLean A, Liberman S, Drolet S, Neumann K, Stotland P, Jhaveri K, Kirsch R, Alnajem H, Alibrahim H, Giundi C, Chen A, Rigas G, Munir H, Safar A, Sabboobeh S, Holland J, Boutros M, Kennedy E, Richard C, Simunovic M, Schmocker S, Brown C, MacLean A, Liberman S, Drolet S, Neumann K, Stotland P, Jhaveri K, Kirsch R, Bruyninx G, Gill D, Alsayari R, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Zhang L, Abtahi S, Chhor A, Best G, Raîche I, Musselman R, Williams L, Moloo H, Caminsky NG, Moon JJ, Marinescu D, Pang A, Vasilevsky CA, Boutros M, Al-Abri M, Gee E, Karimuddin A, Phang PT, Brown C, Raval M, Ghuman A, Morena N, Ben-Zvi L, Hayman V, Hou M (University of Calgary), Nguyen D, Rentschler CA, Meguerditchian AN, Mir Z, Fei L, McKeown S, Dinchong R, Cofie N, Dalgarno N, Cheifetz R, Merchant S, Jaffer A, Cullinane C, Feeney G, Jalali A, Merrigan A, Baban C, Buckley J, Tormey S, Benesch M, Wu R, Takabe K, Benesch M, O'Brien S, Kazazian K, Abdalaty AH, Brezden C, Burkes R, Chen E, Govindarajan A, Jang R, Kennedy E, Lukovic J, Mesci A, Quereshy F, Swallow C, Chadi S, Habashi R, Pasternak J, Marini W, Zheng W, Murakami K, Ohashi P, Reedijk M, Hu R, Ivankovic V, Han L, Gresham L, Mallick R, Auer R, Ribeiro T, Bondzi-Simpson A, Coburn N, Hallet J, Cil T, Fontebasso A, Lee A, Bernard-Bedard E, Wong B, Li H, Grose E, Brandts-Longtin O, Aw K, Lau R, Abed A, Stevenson J, Sheikh R, Chen R, Johnson-Obaseki S, Nessim C, Hennessey RL, Meneghetti AT, Bildersheim M, Bouchard-Fortier A, Nelson G, Mack L, Ghasemi F, Naeini MM, Parsyan A, Kaur Y, Covelli A, Quereshy F, Elimova E, Panov E, Lukovic J, Brierley J, Burnett B, Swallow C, Eom A, Kirkwood D, Hodgson N, Doumouras A, Bogach J, Whelan T, Levine M, Parvez E, Ng D, Kazazian K, Lee K, Lu YQ, Kim DK, Magalhaes M, Grigor E, Arnaout A, Zhang J, Yee EK, Hallet J, Look Hong NJ, Nguyen L, Coburn N, Wright FC, Gandhi S, Jerzak KJ, Eisen A, Roberts A, Ben Lustig D, Quan ML, Phan T, Bouchard-Fortier A, Cao J, Bayley C, Watanabe A, Yao S, Prisman E, Groot G, Mitmaker E, Walker R, Wu J, Pasternak J, Lai CK, Eskander A, Wasserman J, Mercier F, Roth K, Gill S, Villamil C, Goldstein D, Munro V, Pathak A (University of Manitoba), Lee D, Nguyen A, Wiseman S, Rajendran L, Claasen M, Ivanics T, Selzner N, McGilvray I, Cattral M, Ghanekar A, Moulton CA, Reichman T, Shwaartz C, Metser U, Burkes R, Winter E, Gallinger S, Sapisochin G, Glinka J, Waugh E, Leslie K, Skaro A, Tang E, Glinka J, Charbonneau J, Brind'Amour A, Turgeon AF, O'Connor S, Couture T, Wang Y, Yoshino O, Driedger M, Beckman M, Vrochides D, Martinie J, Alabduljabbar A, Aali M, Lightfoot C, Gala-Lopez B, Labelle M, D'Aragon F, Collin Y, Hirpara D, Irish J, Rashid M, Martin T, Zhu A, McKnight L, Hunter A, Jayaraman S, Wei A, Coburn N, Wright F, Mallette K, Elnahas A, Alkhamesi N, Schlachta C, Hawel J, Tang E, Punnen S, Zhong J, Yang Y, Streith L, Yu J, Chung S, Kim P, Chartier-Plante S, Segedi M, Bleszynski M, White M, Tsang ME, Jayaraman S, Lam-Tin-Cheung K, Jayaraman S, Tsang M, Greene B, Pouramin P, Allen S, Evan Nelson D, Walsh M, Côté J, Rebolledo R, Borie M, Menaouar A, Landry C, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Dagenais M, Rong Z, Roy A, Beaudry-Simoneau E, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Lapointe R, Ferraro P, Sarkissian S, Noiseux N, Turcotte S, Haddad Y, Bernard A, Lafortune C, Brassard N, Roy A, Perreault C, Mayer G, Marcinkiewicz M, Mbikay M, Chrétien M, Turcotte S, Waugh E, Sinclair L, Glinka J, Shin E, Engelage C, Tang E, Skaro A, Muaddi H, Flemming J, Hansen B, Dawson L, O'Kane G, Feld J, Sapisochin G, Zhu A, Jayaraman S, Cleary S, Hamel A, Pigeon CA, Marcoux C, Ngo TP, Deshaies I, Mansouri S, Amhis N, Léveillé M, Lawson C, Achard C, Ilkow C, Collin Y, Tai LH, Park L, Griffiths C, D'Souza D, Rodriguez F, McKechnie T, Serrano PE, Hennessey RL, Yang Y, Meneghetti AT, Panton ONM, Chiu CJ, Henao O, Netto FS, Mainprize M, Hennessey RL, Chiu CJ, Hennessey RL, Chiu CJ, Jatana S, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Jogiat U, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, Hetherington A, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, Safar A, Al-Ghaithi N, Vourtzoumis P, Demyttenaere S, Court O, Andalib A, Wilson H, Verhoeff K, Dang J, Kung J, Switzer N, Birch D, Madsen K, Karmali S, Mocanu V, Wu T, He W, Vergis A, Hardy K, Zmudzinski M, Daenick F, Linton J, Zmudzinski M, Fowler-Woods M, He W, Fowler-Woods A, Shingoose G, Vergis A, Hardy K, Lee Y, Doumouras A, Molnar A, Nguyen F, Hong D, Schneider R, Fecso AB, Sharma P, Maeda A, Jackson T, Okrainec A, McLean C, Mocanu V, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, MacVicar S, Dang J, Mocanu V, Verhoeff K, Jogiat U, Karmali S, Birch D, Switzer N, McLennan S, Verhoeff K, Purich K, Dang J, Kung J, Mocanu V, McLennan S, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Jogiat U, Birch DW, Karmali S, Switzer NJ, Jeffery L, Hwang H, Ryley A, Schellenberg M, Owattanapanich N, Emigh B, Nichols C, Dilday J, Ugarte C, Onogawa A, Matsushima K, Martin MJ, Inaba K, Schellenberg M, Emigh B, Nichols C, Dilday J, Ugarte C, Onogawa A, Shapiro D, Im D, Inaba K, Schellenberg M, Owattanapanich N, Ugarte C, Lam L, Martin MJ, Inaba K, Rezende-Neto J, Patel S, Zhang L, Mir Z, Lemke M, Leeper W, Allen L, Walser E, Vogt K, Ribeiro T, Bateni S, Bondzi-Simpson A, Coburn N, Hallet J, Barabash V, Barr A, Chan W, Hakim SY, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Mughal HN, Bhugio M, Gok MA, Khan UA, Warraich A, Gillman L, Ziesmann M, Momic J, Yassin N, Kim M, Makish A, Walser E, Smith S, Ball I, Moffat B, Parry N, Vogt K, Lee A, Kroeker J, Evans D, Fansia N, Notik C, Wong EG, Coyle G, Seben D, Smith J, Tanenbaum B, Freedman C, Nathens A, Fowler R, Patel P, Elrick T, Ewing M, Di Marco S, Razek T, Grushka J, Wong EG, Park LJ, Borges FK, Nenshi R, Serrano PE, Engels P, Vogt K, Di Sante E, Vincent J, Tsiplova K, Devereaux PJ, Talwar G, Dionne J, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Kazi T, El-Sayes A, Bogach J, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Connell M, Klooster A, Beck J, Verhoeff K, Strickland M, Anantha R, Groszman L, Caminsky NG, Watt L, Boulanger N, Razek T, Grushka J, Di Marco S, Wong EG, Livergant R, McDonald B, Binda C, Luthra S, Ebert N, Falk R, and Joos E
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Links between socio-demographic characteristics and body mass index to colorectal cancer in North Borneo, Malaysia: A case-control study.
- Author
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Hamsah E, Robinson F, Hayati F, Arsat N, Kaur N, Sriram RK, Subramaniam S, Kandasami ND, Lai CK, and Abd Karim K
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Malaysia epidemiology, Borneo, Ethnicity, Risk Factors, Colorectal Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: The fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity worldwide is colorectal cancer (CRC). Numerous reasons have contributed to the massive rise in CRC cases, for which Asian nations differ significantly in terms of risk incidence rates. The objectives of this study were to, first, identify the socio-demographic characteristics of those of North Borneo ethnicity and body mass index (BMI) and, second, determine the association of these factors with CRC. This research will contribute to preventing this form of cancer., Materials and Methods: This study is an analysis of a matched case-control study with a ratio of 1:2. The case group contained 206 respondents, and the control group contained 412. All CRC cases were confirmed with the histological results. The control group was matched for links between age, sex and ethnicity with CRC. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences Statistics (SPSS) IBM version 28.0 was used to conduct descriptive analysis using chi-squared testing and simple logistic regression. The statistical significance was P < 0.05., Result: Overall, 618 respondents took part in this survey, of which 256 (41.4%) were female and 362 (58.6%) were male. The maximum age was 76, with a mean age ± SD of 53.17 ± 11.4. Those of Bajau ethnicity comprised 24.6% (152) of the population, followed by Dusun with 22.8% (141), Kadazan with 17.6% (109%), other North Borneo ethnic groups with 15.5% (96), Bugis with 9.7% (60), Brunei with 4.4% (27) and other predominant races with 5.3% (33). Regression analyses revealed that the incidence of CRC in North Borneo, Malaysia, was substantially correlated with income, occupation, other linked diseases and BMI., Conclusion: Various risk factors are linked to CRC, based on the findings related to socio-demographic characteristics and BMI. Therefore, to lower the nationwide prevalence of CRC, national public health campaigns should include collaboration with the regional authorities to highlight the incidence and risk factors of CRC based on ethnicity.
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- 2023
44. Integrated microwave photonic notch filter using a heterogeneously integrated Brillouin and active-silicon photonic circuit.
- Author
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Garrett M, Liu Y, Merklein M, Bui CT, Lai CK, Choi DY, Madden SJ, Casas-Bedoya A, and Eggleton BJ
- Abstract
Microwave photonics (MWP) has unlocked a new paradigm for Radio Frequency (RF) signal processing by harnessing the inherent broadband and tunable nature of photonic components. Despite numerous efforts made to implement integrated MWP filters, a key RF processing functionality, it remains a long-standing challenge to achieve a fully integrated photonic circuit that can merge the megahertz-level spectral resolution required for RF applications with key electro-optic components. Here, we overcome this challenge by introducing a compact 5 mm × 5 mm chip-scale MWP filter with active E-O components, demonstrating 37 MHz spectral resolution. We achieved this device by heterogeneously integrating chalcogenide waveguides, which provide Brillouin gain, in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundry-manufactured silicon photonic chip containing integrated modulators and photodetectors. This work paves the way towards a new generation of compact, high-resolution RF photonic filters with wideband frequency tunability demanded by future applications, such as air and spaceborne RF communication payloads., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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45. Erratum: Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond.
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Prabhathan P, Sreekanth KV, Teng J, Ko JH, Yoo YJ, Jeong HH, Lee Y, Zhang S, Cao T, Popescu CC, Mills B, Gu T, Fang Z, Chen R, Tong H, Wang Y, He Q, Lu Y, Liu Z, Yu H, Mandal A, Cui Y, Ansari AS, Bhingardive V, Kang M, Lai CK, Merklein M, Müller MJ, Song YM, Tian Z, Hu J, Losurdo M, Majumdar A, Miao X, Chen X, Gholipour B, Richardson KA, Eggleton BJ, Sharda K, Wuttig M, and Singh R
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107946.]., (© 2023 The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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46. Ten Steps Toward Improving In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Quality of Care and Outcomes.
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Nallamothu BK, Greif R, Anderson T, Atiq H, Couto TB, Considine J, De Caen AR, Djärv T, Doll A, Douma MJ, Edelson DP, Xu F, Finn JC, Firestone G, Girotra S, Lauridsen KG, Leong CK, Lim SH, Morley PT, Morrison LJ, Moskowitz A, Mullasari Sankardas A, Mohamed MTM, Myburgh MC, Nadkarni VM, Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Athieno Odakha J, Olasveengen TM, Orosz J, Perkins GD, Previdi JK, Vaillancourt C, Montgomery WH, Sasson C, and Chan PS
- Subjects
- Humans, Hospitals, Quality of Health Care, Treatment Outcome, Heart Arrest diagnosis, Heart Arrest therapy, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Emergency Medical Services
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Disclosures Dr Chan has received research funding from the American Heart Association (AHA) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Dr Djärv is the chair of Swedish Resuscitation Council and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) First Aid Task Force. A. Doll is employed by the Resuscitation Academy. Dr Edelson has equity interest and employment in AgileMD. Dr Girotra receives funding from the National Institutes of Health (R01HL160734, R56HL158803, and R01HL166305). He also receives a stipend from AHA for editorial work. Dr Greif is chair of ILCOR Education, Implementation and Team Task Force and the European Resuscitation Council board birector of guidelines. Dr Lauridsen serves as an ERC Science and Education Committee member and member of the ILCOR EIT Task Force. Dr Moskowitz receives funding from NHLBI (R33HL162980). M.C. Myburgh serves on the ILCOR Pediatric Task Force. Dr Neumar is the ILCOR cochair. J.P. Nolan is the editor in chief of Resuscitation and receives National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) grant funding. Dr Olasveengen is a board member of the Laerdal Foundation. Dr Perkins receives grant funding from the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West Midlands, Resuscitation Council United Kingdom, Laerdal Foundation, and the British Heart Foundation and serves on the boards for the European Resuscitation Council, Resuscitation Council UK, ILCOR, and University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire. He also serves as an editor for Resuscitation and Resuscitation Plus. J.K. Previdi serves as the AHA Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee chair and is an AHA product consultant. Dr Vaillancourt is a member of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada Resuscitation Advisory Committee and receives funding from The Ottawa Hospital Academic Medical Organization. Dr Montgomery serves as the ILCOR consultant. Dr Sasson is employed by AHA. Dr Nallamothu has been a principal investigator or coinvestigator on research grants from the NIH, AHA, Janssen, and Apple, Inc. He also receives compensation as an editor in chief of Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. Finally, he is a coinventor on the US Utility Patent Number US15/356012 (US20170148158A1) entitled “Automated Analysis of Vasculature in Coronary Angiograms” that uses software technology with signal processing and machine learning to automate the reading of coronary angiograms, held by the University of Michigan. The patent is licensed to AngioInsight, Inc, in which he holds ownership shares and receives consultancy fees. Dr Nadkarni receives research funding to his institution from the National Institutes of Health, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, US Department of Defense, American Heart Association, Zoll Medical, RQI Partners, and Laerdal Foundation; he also serves as the President of the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) 2023-2024. The views expressed in the manuscript are his, and not intended to represent the views of the SCCM. The other authors report no conflicts.
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- 2023
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47. Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond.
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Prabhathan P, Sreekanth KV, Teng J, Ko JH, Yoo YJ, Jeong HH, Lee Y, Zhang S, Cao T, Popescu CC, Mills B, Gu T, Fang Z, Chen R, Tong H, Wang Y, He Q, Lu Y, Liu Z, Yu H, Mandal A, Cui Y, Ansari AS, Bhingardive V, Kang M, Lai CK, Merklein M, Müller MJ, Song YM, Tian Z, Hu J, Losurdo M, Majumdar A, Miao X, Chen X, Gholipour B, Richardson KA, Eggleton BJ, Sharda K, Wuttig M, and Singh R
- Abstract
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz to visible frequencies. This comprehensive roadmap reviews the material and device aspects of PCMs, and their diverse applications in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses various device configurations and optimization techniques, including deep learning-based metasurface design. The integration of PCMs with Photonic Integrated Circuits and advanced electric-driven PCMs are explored. PCMs hold great promise for multifunctional device development, including applications in non-volatile memory, optical data storage, photonics, energy harvesting, biomedical technology, neuromorphic computing, thermal management, and flexible electronics., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2023 The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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48. Individual Differences in Implicit Bias Can Be Measured Reliably by Administering the Same Implicit Association Test Multiple Times.
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Carpenter TP, Goedderz A, and Lai CK
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- Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Attitude, Students, Bias, Implicit, Individuality
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The use of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) as a measure of individual differences is stymied by insufficient test-retest reliability for assessing trait-level constructs. We assess the degree to which the IAT measures individual differences and test a method to improve its validity as a "trait" measure: aggregating across IATs. Across three studies, participants (total n = 960) completed multiple IATs in the same session or across multiple sessions. Using latent-variable models, we found that half of the variance in IAT scores reflects individual differences. Aggregating across multiple IATs approximately doubled the variance explained with explicit measures compared with a single IAT D -score. These findings show that IAT scores contain considerable noise and that a single IAT is inadequate to estimate trait bias. However, aggregation across multiple administrations can correct this and better estimate individual differences in implicit attitudes.
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- 2023
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49. Optimal lattice depth on lifetime of D-band ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice.
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Shui H, Lai CK, Yu Z, Tian J, Wu C, Chen X, and Zhou X
- Abstract
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are a flexible and effective platform for quantum precision measurement, and the lifetime of high-band atoms is an essential parameter for the performance of quantum sensors. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the lattice depth and the lifetime of D-band atoms in a triangular optical lattice and show that there is an optimal lattice depth for the maximum lifetime. After loading the Bose-Einstein condensate into D band of optical lattice by shortcut method, we observe the atomic distribution in quasi-momentum space for the different evolution time, and measure the atomic lifetime at D band with different lattice depths. The lifetime is maximized at an optimal lattice depth, where the overlaps between the wave function of D band and other bands (mainly S band) are minimized. Additionally, we discuss the influence of atomic temperature on lifetime. These experimental results are in agreement with our numerical simulations. This work paves the way to improve coherence properties of optical lattices, and contributes to the implications for the development of quantum precision measurement, quantum communication, and quantum computing.
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- 2023
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50. Prognostic Prediction of Cancer Based on Radiomics Features of Diagnostic Imaging: The Performance of Machine Learning Strategies.
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Tang FH, Xue C, Law MY, Wong CY, Cho TH, and Lai CK
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- Humans, Prognosis, ROC Curve, Machine Learning, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Tumor phenotypes can be characterized by radiomics features extracted from images. However, the prediction accuracy is challenged by difficulties such as small sample size and data imbalance. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of machine learning strategies for the prediction of cancer prognosis. A total of 422 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) were selected from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). The gross tumor volume (GTV) of each case was delineated from the respective CT images for radiomic features extraction. The samples were divided into 4 groups with survival endpoints of 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, and 7 years. The radiomic image features were analyzed with 6 different machine learning methods: decision tree (DT), boosted tree (BT), random forests (RF), support vector machine (SVM), generalized linear model (GLM), and deep learning artificial neural networks (DL-ANNs) with 70:30 cross-validation. The overall average prediction performance of the BT, RF, DT, SVM, GLM and DL-ANNs was AUC with 0.912, 0.938, 0.793, 0.746, 0.789 and 0.705 respectively. The RF and BT gave the best and second performance in the prediction. The DL-ANN did not show obvious advantage in predicting prognostic outcomes. Deep learning artificial neural networks did not show a significant improvement than traditional machine learning methods such as random forest and boosted trees. On the whole, the accurate outcome prediction using radiomics serves as a supportive reference for formulating treatment strategy for cancer patients., (© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine.)
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- 2023
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