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4. Biochemical and inflammatory modifications after switching to dual antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients in Italy: A multicenter retrospective cohort study from 2007 to 2015

Author

Quiros-Roldan, E, Magro, P, Raffetti, E, Izzo, I, Borghetti, A, Lombardi, F, Saracino, A, Maggiolo, F, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Paraninfo, G, Torti, C, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Sighinolfi, L, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Costarelli, S, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Quiros-Roldan E., Magro P., Raffetti E., Izzo I., Borghetti A., Lombardi F., Saracino A., Maggiolo F., Castelli F., Carosi G., Paraninfo G. E., Torti C., Cauda R., Di Giambenedetto S., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., Castelnuovo F., El Hamad I., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Di Pietro M., Ble C., Vichi F., Sighinolfi L., Angarano G., Ladisa N., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Costarelli S., Gori A., Lapadula G., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., Borderi M., Quiros-Roldan, E, Magro, P, Raffetti, E, Izzo, I, Borghetti, A, Lombardi, F, Saracino, A, Maggiolo, F, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Paraninfo, G, Torti, C, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Sighinolfi, L, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Costarelli, S, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Quiros-Roldan E., Magro P., Raffetti E., Izzo I., Borghetti A., Lombardi F., Saracino A., Maggiolo F., Castelli F., Carosi G., Paraninfo G. E., Torti C., Cauda R., Di Giambenedetto S., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., Castelnuovo F., El Hamad I., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Di Pietro M., Ble C., Vichi F., Sighinolfi L., Angarano G., Ladisa N., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Costarelli S., Gori A., Lapadula G., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., and Borderi M.

Abstract

Background: Triple-drug regimens are the gold standard for HIV therapy. Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) reducing regimens are used to decrease drugs toxicity, exposure and costs. Aim of our study was to evaluate trends of biochemical and inflammatory indices in patients switching to dual therapy (DT). Methods: We included patients that a) switched to a DT from 2007 to 2015 from a tenofovir/abacavir-based triple regimen b) previously maintained a triple and c) subsequently a dual regimen for 12 months with virological suppression. We retrieved data measured at 5 points (at the switch, 6 and 12 months before and after switch). We used platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CD4/CD8 ratio as inflammatory indices. We assessed temporal trends of viro-immunological, biochemical and inflammatory parameters. Results: Overall, 364 and 65 patients switched from a tenofovir- and an abacavir-triple regimen, respectively. In the tenofovir-reducing group, creatinine clearance and lipids raised after the switch. There was a significant increase in both CD4+ cells and CD4/CD8. CD8+ cells rose after the switch, while opposite trend was found for PLR. In the abacavir-reducing group total lipids showed a decrease during the first 6 months after the switch and then stabilized. An increase of CD4+ and a decrease of CD8+ cells was observed during the study period, although not statistically significant. While CD4/CD8 remained stable after simplification, PLR decreased significantly after 6 months, then returning to baseline. CD8+ cells increased in the tenofovir-reducing group despite a viro-immunological response. Intriguingly, PLR decreased, maintaining this trend for 12 and 6 months after tenofovir and abacavir interruption respectively. Conclusions: Increased PLR has been linked to hypercholesterolemia and metabolic-syndrome, while high CD8+ cells count to increased risk of non-AIDS-related events regardless of CD4 T-cell re

Published
2018

7. Biochemical and inflammatory modifications after switching to dual antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients in Italy: A multicenter retrospective cohort study from 2007 to 2015

Author

Quiros-Roldan, E., Magro, P., Raffetti, E., Izzo, I., Borghetti, Alberto, Lombardi, Francesca, Saracino, A., Maggiolo, F., Castelli, F., Carosi, Giulia, Paraninfo, G. E., Torti, Carlo, Cauda, Roberto, Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Fabbiani, M., Colafigli, Manuela, Scalzini, A., Castelnuovo, F., El Hamad, I., Mazzotta, F., Locaputo, S., Marino, N., Pierotti, P., Di Pietro, Maria Luisa, Ble, C., Vichi, F., Sighinolfi, L., Angarano, G., Ladisa, N., Monno, L., Maggi, P., Pan, A., Costarelli, S., Gori, A., Lapadula, G., Puoti, M., Viale, P., Colangeli, V., Borderi, M., Quiros-Roldan, E, Magro, P, Raffetti, E, Izzo, I, Borghetti, A, Lombardi, F, Saracino, A, Maggiolo, F, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Paraninfo, G, Torti, C, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Sighinolfi, L, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Costarelli, S, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Blè, C, and Border, M

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, HIV Infections, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Abacavir, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, 030212 general & internal medicine, Darunavir, virus diseases, Switch, Middle Aged, Antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Italy, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Female, medicine.symptom, medicine.drug, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Dual-therapy, HIV, Inflammation, Atazanavir Sulfate, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Renal function, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Tenofovir, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Reverse transcriptase, Dideoxynucleosides, Regimen, 030104 developmental biology, business, CD8
Abstract

Background Triple-drug regimens are the gold standard for HIV therapy. Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) reducing regimens are used to decrease drugs toxicity, exposure and costs. Aim of our study was to evaluate trends of biochemical and inflammatory indices in patients switching to dual therapy (DT). Methods We included patients that a) switched to a DT from 2007 to 2015 from a tenofovir/abacavir-based triple regimen b) previously maintained a triple and c) subsequently a dual regimen for 12 months with virological suppression. We retrieved data measured at 5 points (at the switch, 6 and 12 months before and after switch). We used platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CD4/CD8 ratio as inflammatory indices. We assessed temporal trends of viro-immunological, biochemical and inflammatory parameters. Results Overall, 364 and 65 patients switched from a tenofovir- and an abacavir-triple regimen, respectively. In the tenofovir-reducing group, creatinine clearance and lipids raised after the switch. There was a significant increase in both CD4+ cells and CD4/CD8. CD8+ cells rose after the switch, while opposite trend was found for PLR. In the abacavir-reducing group total lipids showed a decrease during the first 6 months after the switch and then stabilized. An increase of CD4+ and a decrease of CD8+ cells was observed during the study period, although not statistically significant. While CD4/CD8 remained stable after simplification, PLR decreased significantly after 6 months, then returning to baseline. CD8+ cells increased in the tenofovir-reducing group despite a viro-immunological response. Intriguingly, PLR decreased, maintaining this trend for 12 and 6 months after tenofovir and abacavir interruption respectively. Conclusions Increased PLR has been linked to hypercholesterolemia and metabolic-syndrome, while high CD8+ cells count to increased risk of non-AIDS-related events regardless of CD4 T-cell recovery and to virological failure. Whether these findings may have clinical implications, and which role DT plays on the immune system and on inflammation should be further investigated.

Published
2018

10. Switch to dolutegravir and unboosted atazanavir in HIV-1 infected patients with undetectable viral load and long exposure to antiretroviral therapy

Author

Castagna, A., Rusconi, S., Gulminetti, R., Bonora, S., Mazzola, G., Quiros-Roldan, M. E., De Socio, G. V., Ladisa, N., Carosella, S., Cattelan, A., Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Mena, M., Poli, A., Galli, L., Riva, A., Di Giambenedetto S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6990-5076), Castagna, A., Rusconi, S., Gulminetti, R., Bonora, S., Mazzola, G., Quiros-Roldan, M. E., De Socio, G. V., Ladisa, N., Carosella, S., Cattelan, A., Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Mena, M., Poli, A., Galli, L., Riva, A., and Di Giambenedetto S. (ORCID:0000-0001-6990-5076)

Abstract

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a two-drug regimen including dolutegravir (DTG) and unboosted atazanavir (uATV) in 151 HIV-1 infected patients with HIV-RNA of more than 50 copies/ml. During a median follow-up of 62 (42-97) weeks, two virological failures (1%) and 13 treatment discontinuations (9%) occurred; the 48-week probability of virological failure was 0.8% (95% confidence interval 0.2-5.6%). Switch to DTG + uATV may represent a boosting and transcriptase reverse inhibitors sparing otion in individuals with long exposure to antiretroviral therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease.

Published
2019

11. Exploratory analysis for the evaluation of estimated glomerular filtration rate, cholesterol and triglycerides after switching from tenofovir/emtricitabine plus atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r) to abacavir/lamivudine plus ATV/r in patients with preserved renal function

Author

Postorino, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Maggiolo, F, di Giambenedetto, S, Ladisa, N, Lapadula, G, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Castelnuovo, F, di Pietro, M, Gotti, D, Mazzini, N, Torti, C, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Foca, E, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Costarelli, S, Gori, A, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Postorino M. C., Quiros-Roldan E., Maggiolo F., di Giambenedetto S., Ladisa N., Lapadula G., Lorenzotti S., Sighinolfi L., Castelnuovo F., di Pietro M., Gotti D., Mazzini N., Torti C., Castelli F., Carosi G., Nasta P., Paraninfo G., Foca E., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., El Hamad I., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Ble C., Vichi F., Angarano G., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Costarelli S., Gori A., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., Borderi M., Postorino, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Maggiolo, F, di Giambenedetto, S, Ladisa, N, Lapadula, G, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Castelnuovo, F, di Pietro, M, Gotti, D, Mazzini, N, Torti, C, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Foca, E, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Costarelli, S, Gori, A, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Postorino M. C., Quiros-Roldan E., Maggiolo F., di Giambenedetto S., Ladisa N., Lapadula G., Lorenzotti S., Sighinolfi L., Castelnuovo F., di Pietro M., Gotti D., Mazzini N., Torti C., Castelli F., Carosi G., Nasta P., Paraninfo G., Foca E., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., El Hamad I., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Ble C., Vichi F., Angarano G., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Costarelli S., Gori A., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., and Borderi M.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Renal toxicity due to tenofovir (TDF) has been largely described in patients with HIV infection. However, other antiretroviral drugs (such as atazanavir [ATV], especially when boosted by ritonavir, ATV/r) could perpetuate some degrees of renal impairment with or without TDF co-administration. Also, possible benefits of stopping TDF in patients without renal diseases is not well known. This study aimed at exploring evolution of renal function and lipid profile after switching from tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) to abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC), maintaining the ATV/r component of the regimen. Methods: Patients in the Italian MASTER Cohort, who switched from TDF/FTC plus ATV/r to ABC/3TC plus ATV/r were included, provided that major renal diseases were not diagnosed before switching (i.e., baseline). Serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were evaluated at baseline and at month 18 after switching. Results: 126 patients were selected (80% males). Patients were mostly Italians (92%). 79% had undetectable HIV-RNA and 44% were coinfected by HBV and/or HCV. Median age at switch was 47 years (IQR 43-55). A small but significant decrease in serum creatinine [from 1.06 mg/dl (SD: 0.3) to 0.94 mg/dl (SD: 0.2); p<0.001] with an improvement in eGFR [from 86.8 ml/min (SD: 33) to 96.4 ml/min (SD: 37); p<0.001] were observed in per protocol analysis at month 18. Also ITT analysis showed a decrease in mean serum creatinine [from 1.08 mg/dl (SD: 0.35) to 0.95 mg/dl (SD: 0.24); p<0.001] with an improvement in mean eGFR [from 86.9 ml/min/1.73m2 (SD: 24.11) to 95.8 ml/min/1.73m2 (SD: 19.99); p<0.001]. Total cholesterol increased [from 188 mg/dl (SD: 42) to 206 mg/dl (SD: 44); p<0.001] but also HDL increased as well [from 46 mg/dl (SD: 14) to 54 mg/dl (SD: 19); p=0.015]. An increase in triglycerides concentration was observed [from 162 mg/dl (SD: 144) to 214 mg/dl (SD: 109); p=0.0

Published
2016

12. Risk of Severe Non AIDS Events Is Increased among Patients Unable to Increase their CD4+ T-Cell Counts >200+/μl Despite Effective HAART

Author

LAPADULA, GIUSEPPE, GORI, ANDREA, Chatenoud, L, Castelli, F, Di Giambenedetto, S, Fabbiani, M, Maggiolo, F, Focà, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Di Pietro, M, Pan, A, Torti, C, Carosi, G, Quiros, E, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Cauda, R, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Pierotti, P, Marino, N, Blè, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Costarelli, S, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M., Lapadula, G, Chatenoud, L, Gori, A, Castelli, F, Di Giambenedetto, S, Fabbiani, M, Maggiolo, F, Focà, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Di Pietro, M, Pan, A, Torti, C, Carosi, G, Quiros, E, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Cauda, R, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Pierotti, P, Marino, N, Blè, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Costarelli, S, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Lapadula, G., Chatenoud, L., Gori, A., Castelli, F., Di Giambenedetto, S., Fabbiani, M., Maggiolo, F., Foca, E., Ladisa, N., Sighinolfi, L., Di Pietro, M., Pan, A., Torti, C., Carosi, G., Quiros, E., Nasta, P., Paraninfo, G., Cauda, R., Colafigli, M., Scalzini, A., Castelnuovo, F., El Hamad, I., Mazzotta, F., Locaputo, S., Pierotti, P., Marino, N., Ble, C., Vichi, F., Angarano, G., Monno, L., Maggi, P., Costarelli, S., Puoti, M., Viale, P., Colangeli, V., and Borderi, M.

Subjects
Male, Comorbidity, medicine.disease_cause, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Cardiovascular Disease, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Coinfection, Incidence (epidemiology), Liver Diseases, Liver Disease, Medicine (all), Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Cardiovascular Diseases, Disease Progression, Medicine, Female, Viral load, Research Article, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Hepatitis C virus, Population, Antiretroviral Therapy, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Highly Active, education, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), business.industry, Risk Factor, medicine.disease, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, cd4, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Immunology, Neoplasm, business
Abstract

Background: Immunological non-response (INR) despite virological suppression is associated with AIDS-defining events/death (ADE). Little is known about its association with serious non-AIDS-defining events (nADE). Methods Patients highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with 50. Results: 1221 patients were observed for a median of 3 (IQR: 1.3-6.1) years. Pre-HAART CD4+were 77/μl (IQR: 28-142) and 56% of patients had experienced an ADE. After 1 year, CD4+ increased to 286 (IQR: 197-387), but 26.1% of patients were INR. Thereafter, 86 nADE (30.2% malignancies, 27.9%infectious, 17.4%renal, 17.4Êrdiovascular, 7% hepatic) were observed, accounting for an incidence of 1.83 events (95%CI: 1.73-2.61) per 100 PYFU. After adjusting for measurable confounders, INR had a significantly greater risk of nADE (HR 1.65; 95%CI: 1.06-2.56). Older age (per year, HR 1.03; 95%CI: 1.01-1.05), hepatitis C co-infection (HR 2.09; 95%CI: 1.19-3.7), a history of previous nADE (HR 2.16; 95% CI: 1.06-4.4) and the occurrence of ADE during the follow-up (HR 2.2; 95%CI: 1.15-4.21) were other independent predictors of newly diagnosed nADE. Conclusions: Patients failing to restore CD4+ to >200 cells/μl run a greater risk of serious nADE, which is intertwined or predicted by AIDS progression. Improved management of this fragile population and innovative therapy able to induce immune-reconstitution are urgently needed. Also, our results strengthen the importance of earlier diagnosis and HAART introduction.

Published
2015

13. Risk of chronic kidney disease among patients developing mild renal impairment during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral treatment

Author

Lapadula, Giuseppe, Bernasconi, Davide Paolo, Casari, Salvatore, Maggiolo, Franco, Cauda, Roberto, Di Pietro, Massimo, Ladisa, Nicoletta, Sighinolfi, Laura, Zoppo, Sarah Dal, Sabbatini, Francesca, Soria, Alessandro, Pezzoli, Chiara, Mondi, Annalisa, Costarelli, Silvia, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Torti, Carlo, Gori, Andrea, Castelli, F., Carosi, G., Quiros, E., Nasta, P., Torti, C., Cauda, R., Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Maggiolo, F., Scalzini, A., Castelnuovo, F., Mazzotta, F., Di Pietro, M., Sighinolfi, L., Angarano, G., Ladisa, N., Monno, L., Saracino, A., Pan, A., Lorenzotti, S., Gori, A., Costarelli, S., Lapadula, G, Bernasconi, D, Casari, S, Maggiolo, F, Cauda, R, Di Pietro, M, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Dal Zoppo, S, Sabbatini, F, Soria, A, Pezzoli, C, Mondi, A, Costarelli, S, Valsecchi, M, Torti, C, and Gori, A

Subjects
RNA viruses, 0301 basic medicine, Male, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, Blood Pressure, HIV Infections, Medicine (all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, urologic and male genital diseases, Vascular Medicine, Biochemistry, Kidney Failure, Endocrinology, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunodeficiency Viruses, Chronic Kidney Disease, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chronic, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Antimicrobials, Incidence (epidemiology), Drugs, Antiretrovirals, Middle Aged, Antivirals, Nephrology, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Hypertension, Viruses, symbols, Female, Anatomy, Pathogens, Research Article, medicine.drug, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Tenofovir, Endocrine Disorders, Anti-HIV Agents, Urology, Renal function, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Microbiology, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Microbial Control, Virology, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Retroviruses, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Poisson regression, Microbial Pathogens, Pharmacology, Renal Physiology, business.industry, Lentivirus, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, HIV, Kidneys, Renal System, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Discontinuation, Metabolic Disorders, lcsh:Q, business, Kidney disease
Abstract

Background Tenofovir (TDF) can cause kidney injury through tubular dysfunction, with or without drop of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Whether mild eGFR reductions during treatment should be considered a reason for prompt TDF discontinuation, however, remains unclear. Methods Patients with normal pre-TDF eGFR levels, who had developed mild renal impairment (i.e., two consecutive eGFR results between 89–60 ml/min) on TDF, were observed until onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as two eGFR6 months despite mild renal impairment, current TDF use was not associated with a significantly higher rate of CKD. Other significant predictors of CKD were older age, intravenous drug use, diabetes, hypertension, lower pre-TDF eGFR, higher eGFR drop since TDF introduction and longer exposure to TDF. Conclusions Prompt discontinuation of TDF among patients developing mild renal impairment may prevent further progression of renal damage.

Published
2016

14. Response to raltegravir-based salvage therapy in HIV-infected patients with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus coinfection

Author

Weimer, L. E., Fragola, V., Floridia, M., Guaraldi, G., Ladisa, N., Francisci, D., Bellagamba, R., Degli Antoni, A., Parruti, G., Giacometti, A., Manconi, P. E., Vivarelli, A., D'Ettorre, G., Mura, M. S., Cicalini, S., Preziosi, R., Sighinolfi, L., Verucchi, G., Libertone, R., Tavio, M., Sarmati, L., Bucciardini, R., Angarano, G., Volpe, A., Vullo, V., Ceccarelli, G., Andreoni, M., Delle Rose, D., Tozzi, V., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Pucillo, V., Tommasi, C., Segala, D., Armignacco, O., Ferrari, C., Cavalli, A., Sozio, F., Cosentino, L., Ortu, F., Viale, P., Tedeschi, S., Manfredi, R., Mannazzu, M., Cattari, G., Del Gobbo, R., Mataloni Paggi, A., Cirioni, O., Marchionni, E., Silvestri, C., Brescini, L., Sebastianelli, S., Baldelli, F., Mercuri, A., Bastianelli, S., Nardini, G., Massella, M., Baroncelli, S., Galluzzo, C. M., Pirillo, M. F., Mancini, M. G., Amici, R., Cara, A., Bona, R., Leone, P., Filati, P., Franco, M., Donnini, S., Weimer LE, Fragola V, Floridia M, Guaraldi G, Ladisa N, Francisci D, Bellagamba R, Degli Antoni A, Parruti G, Giacometti A, Manconi PE, Vivarelli A, D'Ettorre G, Mura MS, Cicalini S, Preziosi R, Sighinolfi L, Verucchi G, Libertone R, Tavio M, Sarmati L, and Bucciardini R on behalf of the ISS-NIA Study Group

Subjects
Male, HAART, maraviroc, viruses, HIV Infections, darunavir, hiv-1, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, hiv resistance, Pharmacology (medical), cd4 response, Original Research, Aged, 80 and over, Coinfection, virus diseases, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, Hepatitis B, viral load, Treatment Outcome, integrase inhibitors, Infectious Diseases, hbv, Female, liver disease, Viral hepatitis, Viral load, medicine.drug, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, HIV infection, HCV infection, HBV infection, antiretroviral therapy, viral hepatitis, etravirine, hcv, NO, Young Adult, Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 response, Darunavir, Etravirine, HBV, HCV, HIV resistance, HIV-1, Integrase inhibitors, Liver disease, Maraviroc, medicine, Humans, Aged, Salvage Therapy, Pharmacology, business.industry, Raltegravir, HIV, medicine.disease, Virology, digestive system diseases, Immunology, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To define the impact of coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) on viroimmunological response to raltegravir-based salvage regimens that also include new HIV inhibitors such as maraviroc, darunavir and etravirine. METHODS: We used data from a national observational study of patients starting raltegravir-based regimens to compare virological suppression and CD4 cell change from baseline in patients with and without concomitant HBV or HCV infection. RESULTS: Overall, 275 patients (107 coinfected and 168 non-coinfected) were evaluated. Coinfected patients were more commonly former intravenous drug users and had a longer history of HIV infection and higher baseline aminotransferase levels. Both HIV-RNA and CD4 response were similar in the two groups. Mean time to first HIV-RNA copy number

Published
2012

15. Use of efavirenz or atazanavir/ritonavir is associated with better clinical outcomes of HAART compared to other protease inhibitors: Routine evidence from the Italian MASTER Cohort

Author

Postorino, M, Prosperi, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Maggiolo, F, Di Giambenedetto, S, Saracino, A, Costarelli, S, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Di Pietro, M, Torti, C, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Foca, E, Cauda, R, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Ospedale, S, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Policlinico, S, Postorino M. C., Prosperi M., Quiros-Roldan E., Maggiolo F., Di Giambenedetto S., Saracino A., Costarelli S., Lorenzotti S., Sighinolfi L., Di Pietro M., Torti C., Castelli F., Carosi G., Nasta P., Paraninfo G., Foca E., Cauda R., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., Castelnuovo F., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Ble C., Vichi F., Angarano G., Ladisa N., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Gori A., Lapadula G., Ospedale S., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., Borderi M., Policlinico S., Postorino, M, Prosperi, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Maggiolo, F, Di Giambenedetto, S, Saracino, A, Costarelli, S, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Di Pietro, M, Torti, C, Castelli, F, Carosi, G, Nasta, P, Paraninfo, G, Foca, E, Cauda, R, Fabbiani, M, Colafigli, M, Scalzini, A, Castelnuovo, F, Mazzotta, F, Locaputo, S, Marino, N, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Vichi, F, Angarano, G, Ladisa, N, Monno, L, Maggi, P, Pan, A, Gori, A, Lapadula, G, Ospedale, S, Puoti, M, Viale, P, Colangeli, V, Borderi, M, Policlinico, S, Postorino M. C., Prosperi M., Quiros-Roldan E., Maggiolo F., Di Giambenedetto S., Saracino A., Costarelli S., Lorenzotti S., Sighinolfi L., Di Pietro M., Torti C., Castelli F., Carosi G., Nasta P., Paraninfo G., Foca E., Cauda R., Fabbiani M., Colafigli M., Scalzini A., Castelnuovo F., Mazzotta F., Locaputo S., Marino N., Pierotti P., Ble C., Vichi F., Angarano G., Ladisa N., Monno L., Maggi P., Pan A., Gori A., Lapadula G., Ospedale S., Puoti M., Viale P., Colangeli V., Borderi M., and Policlinico S.

Abstract

Randomized trials and observational cohorts reported higher rates of virological suppression after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) including efavirenz (EFV), compared with boosted protease inhibitors (PIs). Correlations with immunological and clinical outcomes are unclear. Patients of the Italian MASTER cohort who started HAART from 2000 to 2010 were selected. Outstanding outcome (composite outcome for success (COS)) was introduced. We evaluated predictors of COS (no AIDS plus CD4+ count >500/mm3 plus HIV-RNA <500 copies/mL) and of eight single outcomes either at month 6 or at year 3. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted. There were 6259 patients selected. Patients on EFV (43%) were younger, had greater CD4+ count, presented with AIDS less frequently, and more were Italians. At year 3, 90% of patients had HIV RNA <500 copies/mL, but only 41.4% were prescribed EFV, vs. 34.1% prescribed boosted PIs achieved COS (p <0.0001). At multivariable analysis, patients on lopinavir/ritonavir had an odds ratio of 0.70 for COS at year 3 (p <0.0001). Foreign origin and positive hepatitis C virus-Ab were independently associated with worse outcome (OR 0.54, p <0.0001 and OR 0.70, p 0.01, respectively). Patients on boosted PIs developed AIDS more frequently either at month 6 (13.8% vs. 7.6%, p <0.0001) or at year 3 (17.1% vs. 13.8%, p <0.0001). At year 3, deaths of patients starting EFV were 3%, vs. 5% on boosted PIs (p 0.008). In this study, naïve patients on EFV performed better than those on boosted PIs after adjustment for imbalances at baseline. Even when virological control is achieved, COS is relatively rare. Hepatitis C virus-positive patients and those of foreign origin are at risk of not obtaining COS.

Published
2015

16. Cancer incidence and mortality for all causes in HIV-infected patients over a quarter century: A multicentre cohort study Disease epidemiology - Infectious

Author

Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Gotti, D, Segala, D, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Saracino, A, Ladisa, N, Lapadula, G, Fornabaio, C, Castelnuovo, F, Casari, S, Fabbiani, M, Pierotti, P, Donato, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Raffetti E., Albini L., Gotti D., Segala D., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Saracino A., Ladisa N., Lapadula G., Fornabaio C., Castelnuovo F., Casari S., Fabbiani M., Pierotti P., Donato F., Quiros-Roldan E., Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Gotti, D, Segala, D, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Saracino, A, Ladisa, N, Lapadula, G, Fornabaio, C, Castelnuovo, F, Casari, S, Fabbiani, M, Pierotti, P, Donato, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Raffetti E., Albini L., Gotti D., Segala D., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Saracino A., Ladisa N., Lapadula G., Fornabaio C., Castelnuovo F., Casari S., Fabbiani M., Pierotti P., Donato F., and Quiros-Roldan E.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to assess cancer incidence and mortality for all-causes and factors related to risk of death in an Italian cohort of HIV infected unselected patients as compared to the general population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective (1986-2012) cohort study on 16 268 HIV infected patients enrolled in the MASTER cohort. The standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed using cancer incidence rates of Italian Cancer Registries and official national data for overall mortality. The risk factors for death from all causes were assessed using Poisson regression models. Results: 1,195 cancer cases were diagnosed from 1986 to 2012: 700 AIDS-defining-cancers (ADCs) and 495 non-AIDS-defining-cancers (NADCs). ADC incidence was much higher than the Italian population (SIR∈=∈30.8, 95% confidence interval 27.9-34.0) whereas NADC incidence was similar to the general population (SIR∈=∈0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.1). The SMR for all causes was 11.6 (11.1-12.0) in the period, and it decreased over time, mainly after 1996, up to 3.53 (2.5-4.8) in 2012. Male gender, year of enrolment before 1993, older age at enrolment, intravenous drug use, low CD4 cell count, AIDS event, cancer occurrence and the absence of antiretroviral therapy were all associated independently with risk of death. Conclusions: In HIV infected patients, ADC but not NADC incidence rates were higher than the general population. Although overall mortality in HIV infected subjects decreased over time, it is about three-fold higher than the general population at present.

Published
2015

17. Incidence of Malignancies in HIV‐Infected Patients and Prognostic Role of Current CD4 Cell Count: Evidence from a Large Italian Cohort Study

Author

Prosperi M.C., Cozzi Lepri A., Castagna A., Mussini C., Murri R., Giacometti A., Torti C., Costantini A., Narciso P., Ghinelli F., Antinori A., d'Arminio Monforte A., Moroni M, Carosi G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Panebianco R, Pastore G, Perno CF, Ammassari A, Arici C, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Capobianchi MR, Ceccherini Silberstein F, De Luca A, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lo Caputo S, Puoti M, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Pierri A, Suter F, Maggiolo F, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino D, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Pagano G, Cassola G, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Rossotti R, Tommasi D, Congedo P, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Schlacht I, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Melzi S, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Fiorino M, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Andreoni M, Antonucci G, Tozzi V, Vullo V, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Calbi M, Gallo L, Miccoli A, Carletti F, Mura MS, Madeddu G, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D., BORDERI, MARCO, VERUCCHI, GABRIELLA, PIERGENTILI, BENEDETTA, Prosperi MC., Cozzi-Lepri A., Castagna A., Mussini C., Murri R., Giacometti A., Torti C., Costantini A., Narciso P., Ghinelli F., Antinori A., d'Arminio Monforte A., Moroni M, Carosi G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Panebianco R, Pastore G, Perno CF, Ammassari A, Arici C, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Capobianchi MR, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, De Luca A, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lo Caputo S, Puoti M, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Pierri A, Suter F, Maggiolo F, Borderi M, Verucchi G, Piergentili B, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino D, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Pagano G, Cassola G, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Rossotti R, Tommasi D, Congedo P, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Schlacht I, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Melzi S, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Fiorino M, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Andreoni M, Antonucci G, Tozzi V, Vullo V, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Calbi M, Gallo L, Miccoli A, Carletti F, Mura MS, Madeddu G, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D., Prosperi, M. C. F., Cozzi lepri, A., Castagna, Antonella, Mussini, C., Murri, R., Giacometti, A., Torti, C., Costantini, A., Narciso, P., Ghinelli, F., Antinori, A., and D'arminio Monforte, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), tumor, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, Prognosis, male, cohort studies, CD4 lymphocyte count, HIV infections, female, neoplasms, Italy, incidence, adult, humans, HIV Infections, Cohort Studies, MALIGNANCIES, HIV, AIDS, CD4, Neoplasms, Immunopathology, Internal medicine, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, HIV Infection, Sida, biology, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, biology.organism_classification, Confidence interval, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Surgery, Infectious Diseases, Cohort, Neoplasm, Female, Viral disease, Cohort Studie, business, Human, Cohort study
Abstract

The incidence of and predictors of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining malignancies (ADMs) and nonADM (NADMs) were evaluated in a large Italian cohort. The incidence of ADM and NADM was 5.0 cases per 1000 personyears of follow-up (95% confidence interval, 4.3-5.8 cases per 1000 person-years of follow-up) and 2.4 cases per 1000 person-years of follow-up (95% confidence interval, 1.9-3.1 cases per 1000 person-years of follow-up), respectively. Lower current CD4 cell count was an independent predictor of developing malignancies, with the association being stronger for ADM than for NADM. © 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.

Published
2010

18. Cancer incidence and mortality for all causes in HIV-infected patients over a quarter century: A multicentre cohort study Disease epidemiology - Infectious

Author

Raffetti E., Albini L., Gotti D., Segala D., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Saracino A., Ladisa N., Lapadula G., Fornabaio C., Castelnuovo F., Casari S., Fabbiani M., Pierotti P., Donato F., Quiros-Roldan E., Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Gotti, D, Segala, D, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Saracino, A, Ladisa, N, Lapadula, G, Fornabaio, C, Castelnuovo, F, Casari, S, Fabbiani, M, Pierotti, P, Donato, F, and Quiros-Roldan, E

Subjects
Adult, Male, Registrie, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Sex Factor, Substance Abuse, Intravenou, NO, Young Adult, Retrospective Studie, Age Factor, HIV Infection, Mortality, HIV-infection, Aged, Cancer, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Incidence, Risk Factor, Middle Aged, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Italy, Neoplasm, Anti-Retroviral Agent, Female, Cohort Studie, Human
Abstract

Background: We aimed to assess cancer incidence and mortality for all-causes and factors related to risk of death in an Italian cohort of HIV infected unselected patients as compared to the general population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective (1986-2012) cohort study on 16 268 HIV infected patients enrolled in the MASTER cohort. The standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were computed using cancer incidence rates of Italian Cancer Registries and official national data for overall mortality. The risk factors for death from all causes were assessed using Poisson regression models. Results: 1,195 cancer cases were diagnosed from 1986 to 2012: 700 AIDS-defining-cancers (ADCs) and 495 non-AIDS-defining-cancers (NADCs). ADC incidence was much higher than the Italian population (SIR∈=∈30.8, 95% confidence interval 27.9-34.0) whereas NADC incidence was similar to the general population (SIR∈=∈0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.1). The SMR for all causes was 11.6 (11.1-12.0) in the period, and it decreased over time, mainly after 1996, up to 3.53 (2.5-4.8) in 2012. Male gender, year of enrolment before 1993, older age at enrolment, intravenous drug use, low CD4 cell count, AIDS event, cancer occurrence and the absence of antiretroviral therapy were all associated independently with risk of death. Conclusions: In HIV infected patients, ADC but not NADC incidence rates were higher than the general population. Although overall mortality in HIV infected subjects decreased over time, it is about three-fold higher than the general population at present.

Published
2015

19. Survival in HIV-infected patients after a cancer diagnosis in the cART era: Results of an Italian multicenter study

Author

Gotti, D, Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Sighinolfi, L, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Ladisa, N, Angarano, G, Lapadula, G, Pan, A, Esposti, A, Fabbiani, M, Foca, E, Scalzini, A, Donato, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Castelli, F, Torti, C, Casari, S, Nasta, P, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Saracino, A, Monno, L, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Colafigli, M, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Carnevale, G, Gori, A, Costarelli, S, Gotti D., Raffetti E., Albini L., Sighinolfi L., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Ladisa N., Angarano G., Lapadula G., Pan A., Esposti A. D., Fabbiani M., Foca E., Scalzini A., Donato F., Quiros-Roldan E., Castelli F., Torti C., Casari S., Nasta P., Castelnuovo F., El Hamad I., Saracino A. L., Monno L., Cauda R., Di Giambenedetto S., Colafigli M., Mazzotta F., Lo Caputo S., Pierotti P., Di Pietro M., Ble C., Carnevale G., Gori A., Costarelli S., Gotti, D, Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Sighinolfi, L, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Ladisa, N, Angarano, G, Lapadula, G, Pan, A, Esposti, A, Fabbiani, M, Foca, E, Scalzini, A, Donato, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Castelli, F, Torti, C, Casari, S, Nasta, P, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Saracino, A, Monno, L, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Colafigli, M, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Carnevale, G, Gori, A, Costarelli, S, Gotti D., Raffetti E., Albini L., Sighinolfi L., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Ladisa N., Angarano G., Lapadula G., Pan A., Esposti A. D., Fabbiani M., Foca E., Scalzini A., Donato F., Quiros-Roldan E., Castelli F., Torti C., Casari S., Nasta P., Castelnuovo F., El Hamad I., Saracino A. L., Monno L., Cauda R., Di Giambenedetto S., Colafigli M., Mazzotta F., Lo Caputo S., Pierotti P., Di Pietro M., Ble C., Carnevale G., Gori A., and Costarelli S.

Abstract

Objectives: We studied survival and associated risk factors in an Italian nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals after an AIDS-defining cancer (ADC) or non-AIDS-defining cancer (NADC) diagnosis in the modern cART era. Methods: Multi-center, retrospective, observational study of HIV patients included in the MASTER Italian Cohort with a cancer diagnosis from January 1998 to September 2012. Malignancies were divided into ADC or NADC on the basis of the Centre for Disease Control-1993 classification. Recurrence of cancer and metastases were excluded. Survivals were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and compared according to the log-rank test. Statistically significant variables at univariate analysis were entered in a multivariate Cox regression model. Results: Eight hundred and sixty-six cancer diagnoses were recorded among 13,388 subjects in the MASTER Database after 1998: 435 (51%) were ADCs and 431 (49%) were NADCs. Survival was more favorable after an ADC diagnosis than a NADC diagnosis (10-year survival: 62.7%±2.9% vs. 46%±4.2%; p = 0.017). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma had lower survival rates than patients with Kaposi sarcoma or cervical cancer (10-year survival: 48.2%±4.3% vs. 72.8%±4.0% vs. 78.5%±9.9%; p<0.001). Regarding NADCs, breast cancer showed better survival (10-year survival: 65.1%±14%) than lung cancer (1-year survival: 28%±8.7%), liver cancer (5-year survival: 31.9%±6.4%) or Hodgkin lymphoma (10-year survival: 24.8%±11.2%). Lower CD4+ count and intravenous drug use were significantly associated with decreased survival after ADCs or NADCs diagnosis. Exposure to cART was found to be associated with prolonged survival only in the case of ADCs. Conclusions: cART has improved survival in patients with an ADC diagnosis, whereas the prognosis after a diagnosis of NADCs is poor. Low CD4+ counts and intravenous drug use are risk factors for survival following a diagnosis of ADCs and Hodgkin lymphoma in the NADC group. © 2014 Gotti et al.

Published
2014

20. Evaluation of glomerular filtration rate in HIV-1-infected patients before and after combined antiretroviral therapy exposure

Author

Tordato, F., Cozzi Lepri, A., Cicconi, P., Andrea De Luca, Antinori, A., Colangeli, V., Castagna, A., Nasta, P., Ladisa, N., Abeli, C., D Arminio Monforte, A., Gori, A., Tordato, F, Cozzi Lepri, A, Cicconi, P, De Luca, A, Antinori, A, Colangeli, V, Castagna, A, Nasta, P, Ladisa, N, Giacometti, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Gori, A, Tordato, F., Cozzi Lepri, A., Cicconi, P., De Luca, A., Antinori, A., Colangeli, V., Castagna, A., Nasta, P., Ladisa, N., Giacometti, A., D'Arminio Monforte, A., and Gori, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Hepatitis, Viral, Human, HIV Infections, Infectious Disease, Antiretroviral exposure, Sex Factor, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Sex Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, eGFR, Humans, antiretroviral exposure, renal impairement, Age Factor, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), Renal Insufficiency, Renal impairment, HIV Protease Inhibitor, Health Policy, Age Factors, Diabetes Mellitu, HIV Protease Inhibitors, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor, Italy, Creatinine, Epidemiologic Method, Hypertension, Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Epidemiologic Methods, Human, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract

Background: The prevalence and factors associated with an increased risk of renal dysfunction in HIV-infected patients receiving or not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been poorly evaluated in observational settings. Methods: Patients in the ICONA Foundation cohort with at least two creatinine values available while still ART-naïve were enrolled in the study. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)20% reduction in eGFR from pre-combination ART (cART) levels (or a decrease from ≥90 to 20% from pre-cART levels (6.8 per 100 person-years). Older age [relative risk (RR) 1.41 per 10 years older; P=0.005], female gender (RR 2.25 vs. male; P=0.003) and current exposure to didanosine (ddI), tenofovir and protease inhibitors were the major determinants. Conclusions: We observed a relatively high rate of mild renal dysfunction in the absence of ART. In addition to traditional risk factors such as older age and diabetes/hypertension, female gender and current use of ddI, tenofovir and protease inhibitors were associated with a greater risk of decreased renal function as measured by eGFR. © 2010 British HIV Association.

Published
2011

21. Cohort Profile: Standardized Management of Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort (MASTER Cohort)

Author

Torti, C, Raffetti, E, Donato, F, Castelli, F, Maggiolo, F, Angarano, G, Mazzotta, F, Gori, A, Sighinolfi, L, Pan, A, Cauda, R, Scalzini, A, Quiros-Roldan, E, Nasta, P, Gregis, G, Benatti, S, Digiambenedetto, S, Ladisa, N, Giralda, M, Saracino, A, Castelnuovo, F, Di Pietro, M, Lo Caputo, S, Lapadula, G, Costarelli, S, Lorenzotti, S, Mazzini, N, Paraninfo, G, Casari, S, Focà, E, Pezzoli, C, Fabbiani, M, Monno, L, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Leone, S, Postorino, M, Fornabaio, C, Zacchi, F, Zoncada, A, Carosi, G, Torti, C, Raffetti, E, Donato, F, Castelli, F, Maggiolo, F, Angarano, G, Mazzotta, F, Gori, A, Sighinolfi, L, Pan, A, Cauda, R, Scalzini, A, Quiros-Roldan, E, Nasta, P, Gregis, G, Benatti, S, Digiambenedetto, S, Ladisa, N, Giralda, M, Saracino, A, Castelnuovo, F, Di Pietro, M, Lo Caputo, S, Lapadula, G, Costarelli, S, Lorenzotti, S, Mazzini, N, Paraninfo, G, Casari, S, Focà, E, Pezzoli, C, Fabbiani, M, Monno, L, Pierotti, P, Ble, C, Leone, S, Postorino, M, Fornabaio, C, Zacchi, F, Zoncada, A, and Carosi, G

Published
2017

22. Epi-aortic lesions, pathologic FMD, endothelial activation and inflammatory markers in advanced naïve HIV-infected patients starting ART therapy

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Volpe A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Cicalini S, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Bellazzi L, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Martinelli C, Corsi P, Sofia S, Celesia M, Sozio F, Abbrescia N, Angarano G., Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Volpe, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Cicalini, S, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Bellazzi, L, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Martinelli, C, Corsi, P, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, Sozio, F, Abbrescia, N, and Angarano, G.

Published
2014

23. Immune activation and microbial translocation in liver disease progression in HIV/hepatitis co-infected patients: results from the Icona Foundation study

Author

Marchetti, Giulia, Cozzi Lepri, Alessandro, Tincati, Camilla, Calcagno, Andrea, Ceccherini Silberstein, Francesca, De Luca, Andrea, Antinori, Andrea, Castagna, Antonella, Puoti, Massimo, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, for the Icona Foundation Study Group […, Moroni M, Angarano G, Antinori A, Carosi G, Cauda R, Monforte A, Di Perri G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Perno CF, Viale PL, Von Schlosser F, Monforte Ad, Ammassari A, Andreoni M, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Bonora S, Borderi M, Capobianchi MR, Castagna A, Ceccherini Silberstein F, Cozzi Lepri A, De Luca A, Gargiulo M, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lichtner M, Lo Caputo S, Madeddu G, Maggiolo F, Marcotullio S, Monno L, Murri R, Mussini C, Puoti M, Torti C, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Giacometti A, Costantini A, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Suter F, Piergentili B, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Cassola G, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Mastroianni C, Belvisi V, Molteni C, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Carenzi L, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Pastore V, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, De Marco M, Ferrari C, Borghi R, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Parruti G, Sozio F, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Antonucci G, Narciso P, Tozzi V, Vullo V, Zaccarelli M, Gallo L, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Ceccarelli L, Libertone R, Trotta MP, Miccoli A, Cattelan AM, Mura MS, Caramello P, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, VERUCCHI, GABRIELLA, Marchetti, G, Cozzi Lepri, A, Tincati, C, Calcagno, A, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, DE LUCA, A, Antinori, A, Castagna, A, Puoti, M, Monforte, A, Marchetti, Giulia, Cozzi Lepri, Alessandro, Tincati, Camilla, Calcagno, Andrea, Ceccherini Silberstein, Francesca, De Luca, Andrea, Antinori, Andrea, Castagna, Antonella, Puoti, Massimo, Monforte Antonella, D'Arminio, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, and for the Icona Foundation Study Group […, Moroni M, Angarano G, Antinori A, Carosi G, Cauda R, Monforte A, Di Perri G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Perno CF, Viale PL, Von Schlosser F, Monforte Ad, Ammassari A, Andreoni M, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Bonora S, Borderi M, Capobianchi MR, Castagna A, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Cozzi-Lepri A, De Luca A, Gargiulo M, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lichtner M, Lo Caputo S, Madeddu G, Maggiolo F, Marcotullio S, Monno L, Murri R, Mussini C, Puoti M, Torti C, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Giacometti A, Costantini A, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Suter F, Verucchi G, Piergentili B, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Cassola G, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Mastroianni C, Belvisi V, Molteni C, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Carenzi L, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Pastore V, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, De Marco M, Ferrari C, Borghi R, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Parruti G, Sozio F, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Antonucci G, Narciso P, Tozzi V, Vullo V, Zaccarelli M, Gallo L, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Ceccarelli L, Libertone R, Trotta MP, Miccoli A, Cattelan AM, Mura MS, Caramello P, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, …], DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE MEDICHE E CHIRURGICHE, Facolta' di MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA, and AREA MIN. 06 - Scienze mediche

Subjects
microbial, Male, Fibrosi, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, HIV Infections, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Liver disease, Medical microbiology, Risk Factors, HIV Infection, Fib-4, Coinfection, Liver Disease, Medicine (all), Liver Diseases, virus diseases, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Middle Aged, sCD14, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, HIV/hepatitis co-infection, traslocation, HCV, HIV, liver, Disease Progression, Biological Markers, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Antigens, CD14, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fibrosis, Humans, Inflammation, CD14, Microbial translocation, Research Article, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Infectious Disease, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Biomarkers, medicine, Antigens, Hepatitis, business.industry, Risk Factor, Biomarker, medicine.disease, Virology, digestive system diseases, Immunology, business
Abstract

none 157 no Abstract BACKGROUND: We evaluated whether immune activation (IA) and microbial translocation (MT) might play a role in accelerating liver disease progression in HIV-HBV/HCV co-infected patients. METHODS: ART-naïve HIV/viral hepatitis co-infected patients from Icona with a CD4 cell count >200/μl and with a known date of prior HIV neg/pos tests and ≥1 plasma sample stored were included in the study. Plasma MT (LPS, sCD14) and IA (IL-6,TNFα) were measured using ELISA while activated CD8 + CD38 + HLA-DR + were measured by flow cytometry, with one measurement being performed for all patients and two measurements for a smaller group of subjects. The association between these biomarkers and the time to i) a single ALT >200 IU/l and ii) a Fib-4 >1.45 was also investigated. A standard survival analysis with robust standard errors was used for all evaluations. Follow-up was censored at patients' last clinical follow-up. RESULTS: We studied 127 HIV-infected hepatitis viruses co-infected patients (118 HCV, 9 HBV). Overall median (IQR) CD4, VL, age were 596/μl (208-1303), 3.8 log10cp/mL (3-4.3), 34 years (22-56). While heightened TNF-α was associated with a 13-fold increased risk of Fib-4 > 1.45 (RH 13.05, 95% CI 2.43-70; p = 0.003), markers of MT did not show an association with liver illness. Interestingly, higher sCD14 was associated with a decreased risk of Fib-4 > 1.45, independently of other biomarkers considered (RH 0.20, 95% CI 0.04-0,9; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In HIV/hepatitis virus co-infected ART-naive patients, higher TNF-α plasma levels were associated with a 13-fold increase in the risk of progression to a Fib-4 >1.45, suggesting that the pro-inflammatory status in HIV infection might hasten the course of HCV. In view of the fact that sCD14 may hinder the interaction between LPS and the phagocyte membrane CD14, we herewith propose a model which aims to demonstrate that high sCD14 levels might contribute to shelter liver function through the down-regulation of the inflammatory cascade. Marchetti, Giulia; Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro; Tincati, Camilla; Calcagno, Andrea; Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca; De Luca, Andrea; Antinori, Andrea; Castagna, Antonella; Puoti, Massimo; Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio; and for the Icona Foundation Study Group […; Moroni M; Angarano G; Antinori A; Carosi G; Cauda R; Monforte A; Di Perri G; Galli M; Iardino R; Ippolito G; Lazzarin A; Perno CF; Viale PL; Von Schlosser F; Monforte Ad; Ammassari A; Andreoni M; Antinori A; Balotta C; Bonfanti P; Bonora S; Borderi M; Capobianchi MR; Castagna A; Ceccherini-Silberstein F; Cozzi-Lepri A; Monforte A; De Luca A; Gargiulo M; Gervasoni C; Girardi E; Lichtner M; Lo Caputo S; Madeddu G; Maggiolo F; Marcotullio S; Monno L; Murri R; Mussini C; Puoti M; Torti C; Cozzi-Lepri A; Fanti I; Formenti T; Montroni M; Giacometti A; Costantini A; Riva A; Tirelli U; Martellotta F; Angarano G; Monno L; Ladisa N; Suter F; Maggiolo F; Viale PL; Verucchi G; Piergentili B; Carosi G; Cristini G; Torti C; Minardi C; Bertelli D; Quirino T; Abeli C; Manconi PE; Piano P; Vecchiet J; Falasca K; Carnevale G; Lorenzotti S; Sighinolfi L; Leoncini F; Mazzotta F; Pozzi M; Lo Caputo S; Cassola G; Viscoli G; Alessandrini A; Piscopo R; Mazzarello G; Mastroianni C; Belvisi V; Bonfanti P; Molteni C; Chiodera A; Castelli P; Galli M; Lazzarin A; Rizzardini G; Puoti M; Monforte A; Ridolfo AL; Foschi A; Castagna A; Salpietro S; Merli S; Carenzi L; Moioli MC; Cicconi P; Formenti T; Esposito R; Mussini C; Gori A; Pastore V; Abrescia N; Chirianni A; De Marco M; Ferrari C; Borghi R; Baldelli F; Belfiori B; Parruti G; Sozio F; Magnani G; Ursitti MA; Arlotti M; Ortolani P; Cauda R; Andreoni M; Antinori A; Antonucci G; Narciso P; Tozzi V; Vullo V; De Luca A; Zaccarelli M; Gallo L; Acinapura R; De Longis P; Ceccarelli L; Libertone R; Trotta MP; Miccoli A; Cattelan AM; Mura MS; Madeddu G; Caramello P; Di Perri G; Orofino GC; Sciandra M; Raise E; Ebo F; Pellizzer G; Buonfrate D; …] Marchetti, Giulia; Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro; Tincati, Camilla; Calcagno, Andrea; Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca; De Luca, Andrea; Antinori, Andrea; Castagna, Antonella; Puoti, Massimo; Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio; and for the Icona Foundation Study Group […; Moroni M; Angarano G; Antinori A; Carosi G; Cauda R; Monforte A; Di Perri G; Galli M; Iardino R; Ippolito G; Lazzarin A; Perno CF; Viale PL; Von Schlosser F; Monforte Ad; Ammassari A; Andreoni M; Antinori A; Balotta C; Bonfanti P; Bonora S; Borderi M; Capobianchi MR; Castagna A; Ceccherini-Silberstein F; Cozzi-Lepri A; Monforte A; De Luca A; Gargiulo M; Gervasoni C; Girardi E; Lichtner M; Lo Caputo S; Madeddu G; Maggiolo F; Marcotullio S; Monno L; Murri R; Mussini C; Puoti M; Torti C; Cozzi-Lepri A; Fanti I; Formenti T; Montroni M; Giacometti A; Costantini A; Riva A; Tirelli U; Martellotta F; Angarano G; Monno L; Ladisa N; Suter F; Maggiolo F; Viale PL; Verucchi G; Piergentili B; Carosi G; Cristini G; Torti C; Minardi C; Bertelli D; Quirino T; Abeli C; Manconi PE; Piano P; Vecchiet J; Falasca K; Carnevale G; Lorenzotti S; Sighinolfi L; Leoncini F; Mazzotta F; Pozzi M; Lo Caputo S; Cassola G; Viscoli G; Alessandrini A; Piscopo R; Mazzarello G; Mastroianni C; Belvisi V; Bonfanti P; Molteni C; Chiodera A; Castelli P; Galli M; Lazzarin A; Rizzardini G; Puoti M; Monforte A; Ridolfo AL; Foschi A; Castagna A; Salpietro S; Merli S; Carenzi L; Moioli MC; Cicconi P; Formenti T; Esposito R; Mussini C; Gori A; Pastore V; Abrescia N; Chirianni A; De Marco M; Ferrari C; Borghi R; Baldelli F; Belfiori B; Parruti G; Sozio F; Magnani G; Ursitti MA; Arlotti M; Ortolani P; Cauda R; Andreoni M; Antinori A; Antonucci G; Narciso P; Tozzi V; Vullo V; De Luca A; Zaccarelli M; Gallo L; Acinapura R; De Longis P; Ceccarelli L; Libertone R; Trotta MP; Miccoli A; Cattelan AM; Mura MS; Madeddu G; Caramello P; Di Perri G; Orofino GC; Sciandra M; Raise E; Ebo F; Pellizzer G; Buonfrate D; …]

Published
2014

24. Survival in HIV-infected patients after a cancer diagnosis in the cART Era: results of an italian multicenter study

Author

Gotti D., Raffetti E., Albini L., Sighinolfi L., Maggiolo F., Di Filippo E., Ladisa N., Angarano G., Lapadula G., Pan A., Esposti A. D., Fabbiani M., Foca E., Scalzini A., Donato F., Quiros-Roldan E., Castelli F., Torti C., Casari S., Nasta P., Castelnuovo F., El Hamad I., Saracino A. L., Monno L., Cauda R., Di Giambenedetto S., Colafigli M., Mazzotta F., Lo Caputo S., Pierotti P., Di Pietro M., Ble C., Carnevale G., Gori A., Costarelli S., Gotti, D, Raffetti, E, Albini, L, Sighinolfi, L, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, Ladisa, N, Angarano, G, Lapadula, G, Pan, A, Esposti, A, Fabbiani, M, Foca, E, Scalzini, A, Donato, F, Quiros-Roldan, E, Castelli, F, Torti, C, Casari, S, Nasta, P, Castelnuovo, F, El Hamad, I, Saracino, A, Monno, L, Cauda, R, Di Giambenedetto, S, Colafigli, M, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Pierotti, P, Di Pietro, M, Ble, C, Carnevale, G, Gori, A, and Costarelli, S

Subjects
Oncology, Viral Diseases, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Cohort Studies, Immunodeficiency Viruses, Neoplasms, HIV Infection, lcsh:Science, Cancers and neoplasms, Cervical cancer, Univariate analysis, Multidisciplinary, Cancer Risk Factors, Prognosis, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, HIV epidemiology, Research Design, Viral Pathogens, Observational Studies, Liver cancer, Research Article, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Research Design, Prognosi, Research and Analysis Methods, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Microbiology, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Cancer Detection and Diagnosis, medicine, Humans, Lung cancer, Microbial Pathogens, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Medicine and health sciences, AIDS-related cancers, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Clinical epidemiology, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, HIV, Cancer, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Surgery, body regions, Proportional Hazards Model, Neoplasm, lcsh:Q, business
Abstract

Objectives: We studied survival and associated risk factors in an Italian nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals after an AIDS-defining cancer (ADC) or non-AIDS-defining cancer (NADC) diagnosis in the modern cART era. Methods: Multi-center, retrospective, observational study of HIV patients included in the MASTER Italian Cohort with a cancer diagnosis from January 1998 to September 2012. Malignancies were divided into ADC or NADC on the basis of the Centre for Disease Control-1993 classification. Recurrence of cancer and metastases were excluded. Survivals were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method and compared according to the log-rank test. Statistically significant variables at univariate analysis were entered in a multivariate Cox regression model. Results: Eight hundred and sixty-six cancer diagnoses were recorded among 13,388 subjects in the MASTER Database after 1998: 435 (51%) were ADCs and 431 (49%) were NADCs. Survival was more favorable after an ADC diagnosis than a NADC diagnosis (10-year survival: 62.7%±2.9% vs. 46%±4.2%; p = 0.017). Non-Hodgkin lymphoma had lower survival rates than patients with Kaposi sarcoma or cervical cancer (10-year survival: 48.2%±4.3% vs. 72.8%±4.0% vs. 78.5%±9.9%; p

Published
2014

25. Antiretroviral genotypic resistance in plasma RNA and whole blood DNA in HIV-1 infected patients failing HAART

Author

Saracino, A, Gianotti, N, Marangi, M, Cibelli, Dc, Galli, A, Punzi, G, Monno, L, Lazzarin, A, Angarano, G, Dini, M, Del Gobbo, R, Montroni, M, Butini, L, Scalise, G, Ancarani, F, Di Cesare, S, Giacometti, A, Biglino, A, Degioanni, M, Paoloni, M, Mariani, R, Calella, G, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Mennea, G, Gritti, Fm, Fasullo, G, Chiodo, F, Borderi, M, Carosi, Giampiero, Castelli, Francesco, Torti, Carlo, Uccelli, C, Rizzardini, G, Visoná, R, Salvo, A, Averna, A, Russo, R, Celesia, Bm, Cosentino, S, Rinaldi, E, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Mondello, P, Petrini, C, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Pierotti, P, Leoncini, F, Sterrantino, Gk, Corsi, P, Pompei, Ag, Di Toro MT, Purificato, F, Indiveri, F, Setti, M, Murdaca, G, Iannessi, A, Cellini, A, Mariani, A, Scasso, A, De Gennaro, M, Chiodera, A, Castelli, P, Maltempo, K, Mongolo, G, Caggese, L, Schlacht, I, Cargnel, A, Atzori, C, Micheli, V, Moroni, M, Bini, T, Marcatto, I, Chiesa, E, Vigevani, G, Argenteri, B, Capetti, A, Esposito, R, Guaraldi, G, Seghetto, B, Chirianni, A, Gargiulo, M, Abrescia, N, D'Abbraccio, M, Busto, T, Marchitelli, C, Santirocchi, M, Abbadessa, V, Mancuso, S, Meneghetti, F, Pranzetti, M, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Stagni, G, Di Candilo, F, Petrelli, E, Balducci, M, Menichetti, F, Polidori, M, Tascini, C, Di Carlo, A, Palamara, G, Antinori, A, Liuzzi, G, Aiuti, F, Mezzaroma, I, Pinter, E, Barbone, B, Vullo, V, Massetti, P, Dell'Isola, S, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Delias, R, Di Giammartino, D, Tarquini, P, Marranconi, F, Ferretto, R, Caramello, P, Orofino, Gc, Cimino, T, Bramato, C, Di Perri, G, Sinicco, A, Zeme, D, Bonora, S, Trentini, L, Soranzo, Ml, Macor, A, Salassa, B, Branz, F, Delle Foglie, P, Vaglia, A, Rossi, Mc, Ciccone, L, Panzolli, L, Grossi, P, Giola, M, Raise, E, Narne, E, Poggio, A, Demin, F, Mondino, V, Serpelloni, G, Malena, M, Bosco, O., Saracino, A, Gianotti, N, Marangi, M, Cibelli, D, Galli, A, Punzi, G, Monno, L, Lazzarin, A, Angarano, G, and Mancuso, S

Subjects
Anti-HIV Agents, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Proviral DNA, HIV Infections, HAART failure, medicine.disease_cause, DNA Mutational Analysi, chemistry.chemical_compound, HIV Protease, Proviruses, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Virology, Drug Resistance, Viral, medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, HIV Infection, Treatment Failure, Genotyping, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, COLD-PCR, Mutation, Plasma RNA, biology, Proviruse, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Anti-HIV Agent, RNA, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, HIV Reverse Transcriptase, Reverse transcriptase, Antiretroviral genotypic resistance, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, DNA, Viral, Lentivirus, Immunology, HIV-1, RNA, Viral, DNA, antiretroviral genotypic resistance, haart failure, hiv-1, plasma rna, proviral dna, Human
Abstract

The extent to which HIV-1 proviral DNA mutations cause clinically relevant antiretroviral resistance is still controversial. Paired plasma HIV-1 RNA and whole blood DNA were compared in patients failing HAART to investigate if the additional knowledge of archived mutations could improve the selection of potentially active drugs. Seventy-three HIV-1-infected patients with first/second HAART failure were studied before starting a new regimen based on RNA genotyping. Follow-up data after a 12-week therapy were available. DNA genotyping was retrospectively performed on stored whole blood samples and mutational profiles were compared to those from RNA. The mean number of IAS pol mutations was significantly higher in RNA (4.45 ± 2.76) than in DNA (2.88 ± 2.47) (P < 0.001). DNA genotyping provided a 6% increase in detection of resistance-associated mutations. Among 64/73 patients showing discordant DNA/RNA profiles, 54 (84%) also differed for predicted active drugs. 16/73 (22%) patients had ≥1 mutation revealed by DNA genotyping alone, probably affecting therapy success in 2/16. However, neither RNA/DNA discordance nor detection of isolated DNA mutations were statistically associated with outcome. In conclusion, plasma RNA remains the elective choice for HIV genotyping in patients with therapy failure, even if the detection of proviral resistance-associated mutations, not simultaneously found in RNA, is a frequent event. Therefore, in some cases DNA plus RNA genotyping might assist in choosing more accurately subsequent antiretroviral regimens. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
2008

28. Modificazioni dell'intima-media carotidea, attivazione endoteliale e marker di infiammazione in pazienti HIV-positivi naive avanzati che iniziano terapia antiretrovirale: studio PREVALEAT II. Rapporto in itinere

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Leone A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Uglietti A, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Abbrescia N, De Rosa A, Sofia S, Celesia M, Angarano G., Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Leone, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Uglietti, A, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Abbrescia, N, De Rosa, A, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, and Angarano, G.

Published
2013

29. Ultrasonographic carotid intima media changes, endothelial activation and inflammatory markers in HIV+ patients starting HAART: a perspective study. PREVALEAT II

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Volpe A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Cicalini S, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Bellazzi LI, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Martinelli C, Corsi P, Sofia S, Celesia M, Sozio F, Abbrescia N, Angarano G., Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Volpe, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Cicalini, S, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Bellazzi LI, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Martinelli, C, Corsi, P, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, Sozio, F, Abbrescia, N, and Angarano, G.

Published
2013

30. Induced first abortion rates before and after HIV diagnosis:results of an Italian self-administered questionnaire survey carried out in 585 women living with HIV

Author

Ammassari, A., Cicconi, P., Ladisa, N., Di Sora, F., Bini, T., Trotta, M. P., D'Ettorre, G., Cattelan, A. M., Vichi, F., D'arminio Monforte, A., Didi Study Group, CASTAGNA, ANTONELLA, Ammassari, A., Cicconi, P., Ladisa, N., Di Sora, F., Bini, T., Trotta, M. P., D'Ettorre, G., Cattelan, A. M., Vichi, F., D'arminio Monforte, A., Didi Study, Group, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
Adult, Reproduction, Risk Factor, Health Policy, Abortion, Infectious Disease, Abortion, Induced, HIV Infections, Reproductive Behavior, Middle Aged, HIV infection, Italy, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Multivariate Analysis, Surveys and Questionnaire, Humans, Women, Pharmacology (medical), Female, abortion, hiv infection, reproduction, women, abortion, induced, adult, female, hiv infections, humans, italy, middle aged, multivariate analysis, reproductive behavior, risk factors, surveys and questionnaires, Multivariate Analysi, Human
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate whether HIV diagnosis affected reproductive planning over time and to assess independent predictors of abortion overall and following HIV diagnosis. Methods: Donne con Infezione da HIV (DIDI) is an Italian multicentre study based on a questionnaire survey carried out in 585 HIV-positive women between November 2010 and February 2011. The incidence and predictors of abortion were measured by person-years analysis and Poisson regression. Results: The crude incidence rate of abortion was 18.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.5-21.4] per 1000 person-years of follow-up (PYFU). Compared with women who terminated their pregnancy before HIV diagnosis, women who terminated their pregnancy after HIV diagnosis but before 1990 showed a 2.56-fold (95% CI 1.41-4.65) higher risk. During 1990-1999 and 2000-2010, HIV diagnosis was not significantly associated with outcome [adjusted rate ratio (ARR) 0.93 (95% CI 0.55-1.59) and ARR 0.69 (95% CI 0.32-1.48), respectively]. Age [ARR 0.96 (95% CI 0.94-0.99) per 1 year older] and injecting drug use [ARR 1.38 (95% CI 0.98-1.94)] were found to be predictors of abortion overall. After HIV diagnosis, being on combination antiretroviral therapy [ARR 0.54 (95% CI 0.28-1.02)], monthly income

Published
2013

32. Effectiveness of antiretroviral regimens containing abacavir with tenofovir in treatment-experienced patients: Predictors of virological response and drug resistance evolution in a multi-cohort study

Author

Di Giambenedetto, S, Torti, C, Prosperi, M, Manca, N, Lapadula, G, Paraninfo, G, Ladisa, N, Zazzi, M, Trezzi, M, Cicconi, P, Corsi, P, Nasta, P, Cauda, R, De Luca, A, Di Giambenedetto S., Torti C., Prosperi M., Manca N., Lapadula G., Paraninfo G., Ladisa N., Zazzi M., Trezzi M., Cicconi P., Corsi P., Nasta P., Cauda R., De Luca A., Di Giambenedetto, S, Torti, C, Prosperi, M, Manca, N, Lapadula, G, Paraninfo, G, Ladisa, N, Zazzi, M, Trezzi, M, Cicconi, P, Corsi, P, Nasta, P, Cauda, R, De Luca, A, Di Giambenedetto S., Torti C., Prosperi M., Manca N., Lapadula G., Paraninfo G., Ladisa N., Zazzi M., Trezzi M., Cicconi P., Corsi P., Nasta P., Cauda R., and De Luca A.

Abstract

Background: : In treatment-naïve patients, a combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing tenofovir (TDF) and abacavir (ABC) with lamivudine leads to unacceptably high virological failure rates with frequent selection of reverse transcriptase mutations M184V and K65R. We explored the efficacy of at least 16 weeks of ABC + TDF-containing cART regimens in 307 antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected individuals included in observational databases. Methods: : Virological failure was defined as an HIV RNA > 400 copies/ml after at least 16 weeks of treatment. Patients had received a median of three prior cART regimens. Of these, 76% concomitantly received a potent or high genetic barrier regimen (with at least one protease inhibitor [PI]) or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or thymidine analogue) while a third non-thymidine nucleoside analogue was used in the remaining patients. Results: : The 1-year estimated probability of virological failure was 34% in 165 patients with HIV RNA > 400 copies/ ml at ABC + TDF regimen initiation. Independent predictors of virological failure were the absence of a potent or high genetic barrier cART, the higher number of cART regimens experienced, and the use of a new drug class. In the subset of 136 patients for whom there were genotypic resistance test results prior to ABC + TDF initiation, the virological failure (1-year estimated probability 46%) was independently predicted by the higher baseline viral load, the concomitant use of boosted PI, and the presence of reverse transcriptase mutation M41L. In 142 patients starting ABC + TDF therapy with HIV RNA £ 400 copies/ml, virological failure (1-year estimated probability 17%) was associated only with the transmission category. In a small subset of subjects for whom there were an available paired baseline and follow-up genotype (n = 28), the prevalence of most nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations decreased, suggesting a po

Published
2009

33. Carotid intima media thickness changes, endothelial activation and inflammatory markers in advanced naïve HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Leone A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Uglietti A, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Abbrescia N, De Rosa A, Sofia S, Celesia M, Angarano G, Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Leone, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Uglietti, A, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Abbrescia, N, De Rosa, A, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, and Angarano, G

Published
2012

35. Modificazioni dell'intima-media carotidea, attivazione endoteliale e marker di infiammazione in pazienti HIV-positivi naive avanzati che iniziano terapia antiretrovirale: studio PREVALEAT II. Rapporto preliminare

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Leone A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Uglietti A, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Abbrescia N, De Rosa A, Sofia S, Celesia M, Angarano G, Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Leone, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Uglietti, A, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Abbrescia, N, De Rosa, A, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, and Angarano, G

Published
2012

37. Carotid intima media thickness changes, endothelial activation and inflammatory markers in advanced naive HIV infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy: PREVALEAT II Study. A preliminary report

Author

Bellacosa C, Maggi P, Leone A, Altizio S, Ladisa N, Uglietti A, Zanaboni D, Maserati R, Viglietti R, Chirianni A, Abbrescia N, De Rosa A, Sofia S, Celesia M, Angarano G., Bellacosa, C, Maggi, P, Leone, A, Altizio, S, Ladisa, N, Uglietti, A, Zanaboni, D, Maserati, R, Viglietti, R, Chirianni, A, Abbrescia, N, De Rosa, A, Sofia, S, Celesia, M, and Angarano, G.

Published
2012

38. Risk of chronic kidney disease among patients developing mild renal impairment during tenofovir-containing antiretroviral treatment

Author

Lapadula, G, Bernasconi, D, Casari, S, Maggiolo, F, Cauda, R, Di Pietro, M, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Dal Zoppo, S, Sabbatini, F, Soria, A, Pezzoli, C, Mondi, A, Costarelli, S, Valsecchi, M, Torti, C, Gori, A, LAPADULA, GIUSEPPE, BERNASCONI, DAVIDE PAOLO, SORIA, ALESSANDRO, VALSECCHI, MARIA GRAZIA, GORI, ANDREA, Lapadula, G, Bernasconi, D, Casari, S, Maggiolo, F, Cauda, R, Di Pietro, M, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Dal Zoppo, S, Sabbatini, F, Soria, A, Pezzoli, C, Mondi, A, Costarelli, S, Valsecchi, M, Torti, C, Gori, A, LAPADULA, GIUSEPPE, BERNASCONI, DAVIDE PAOLO, SORIA, ALESSANDRO, VALSECCHI, MARIA GRAZIA, and GORI, ANDREA

Abstract

Background: Tenofovir (TDF) can cause kidney injury through tubular dysfunction, with or without drop of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Whether mild eGFR reductions during treatment should be considered a reason for prompt TDF discontinuation, however, remains unclear. Methods: Patients with normal pre-TDF eGFR levels, who had developed mild renal impairment (i.e., two consecutive eGFR results between 89-60 ml/min) on TDF, were observed until onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as two eGFR<60 ml/min 3 to 6 months apart. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis was used to investigate whether outcome was associated with current and cumulative use of TDF (modeled as time-varying covariates). Results: 2023 (29%) out of 6984 patients developed mild renal impairment on TDF. Among them, 191 progressed to CKD. The incidence of CKD did not significantly differ during TDF treatment (2.6 per 100 PYFU; 95%CI 2.2-3.2) or after its discontinuation (2.2 per 100 PYFU; 95%CI 1.8-2.6). However, the rate of CKD was significantly higher among patients continuing with TDF treatment compared to those who had discontinued it within 6 months of occurrence of mild renal impairment (aIRR 4, 95%CI 2.4-6.8). In contrast, among patients who had maintained TDF >6 months despite mild renal impairment, current TDF use was not associated with a significantly higher rate of CKD. Other significant predictors of CKD were older age, intravenous drug use, diabetes, hypertension, lower pre-TDF eGFR, higher eGFR drop since TDF introduction and longer exposure to TDF. Conclusions: Prompt discontinuation of TDF among patients developing mild renal impairmentmay prevent further progression of renal damage.

Published
2016

39. The risk of late or advanced presentation of HIV infected patients is still high, associated factors evolve but impact on overall mortality is vanishing over calendar years: Results from the Italian MASTER Cohort

Author

Raffetti, E, Postorino, M, Castelli, F, Casari, S, Castelnuovo, F, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, D'Avino, A, Gori, A, Ladisa, N, Di Pietro, M, Sighinolfi, L, Zacchi, F, Torti, C, Torti, C., GORI, ANDREA, Raffetti, E, Postorino, M, Castelli, F, Casari, S, Castelnuovo, F, Maggiolo, F, Di Filippo, E, D'Avino, A, Gori, A, Ladisa, N, Di Pietro, M, Sighinolfi, L, Zacchi, F, Torti, C, Torti, C., and GORI, ANDREA

Abstract

Background: We aimed at evaluating frequency and factors associated with late presentation and advanced HIV disease and excess risk of death due to these conditions from 1985 to 2013 among naïve HIV infected patients enrolled in the Italian MASTER Cohort. Methods: All antiretroviral naive adults with available CD4+ T cell count after diagnosis of HIV infection were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis investigated factors associated either with late presentation or advanced HIV disease. Probabilities of survival were estimated both at year-1 and at year-5 according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Flexible parametric models were used to evaluate changes in risk of death overtime according to late presentation and advanced HIV disease. The analyses were stratified for calendar periods. Results: 19,391 patients were included (54 % were late presenters and 37.6 % were advanced presenters). At multivariable analysis, the following factors were positively associated with late presentation: male gender (OR = 1.29), older age (≥55 years vs. <25 years; OR = 7.45), migration (OR = 1.54), and heterosexual risk factor for HIV acquisition (OR = 1.52) or IDU (OR = 1.27) compared to homosexual risk. Survival rates at year-5 increased steadily and reached 92.1 % for late presenters vs. 97.4 % for non-late presenters enrolled in the period 2004-2009. Using flexible parametric models we found a sustained reduction of hazard ratios over time for any cause deaths between late and non-late presenters over time. Similar results were found for advanced HIV disease. Conclusion: Screening polices need to be urgently implemented, particularly in most-at-risk categories for late presentation, such as migrants, older patients and those with heterosexual intercourse or IDU as risk factors for HIV acquisition. Although in recent years the impact of late presentation on survival decreased, about 10 % of patients diagnosed in more recent years remains at increased risk of death over a

Published
2016

40. Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and factors associated with vitamin D deficiency and morbidity among HIV-infected patients enrolled in a large Italian cohort

Author

Vescini F, Cozzi Lepri A, Maggiolo F, De Luca A, Cassola G, Vullo V, Carosi G, Antinori A, Tozzi V, Monforte AD, Icona Foundation Study G.r.o.u.p. Moroni M, Angarano G, Cauda R, Di Perri G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Perno CF, Von Schlosser F, Ammassari A, Andreoni M, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Bonora S, Capobianchi MR, Castagna A, Ceccherini Silberstein F, Gargiulo M, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lichtner M, Lo Caputo S, Madeddu G, Marcotullio S, Monno L, Murri R, Mussini C, Puoti M, Torti C, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Giacometti A, Costantini A, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Suter F, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Mastroianni C, Belvisi V, Molteni C, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Carenzi L, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Pastore V, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, De Marco M, Ferrari C, Borghi R, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Parruti G, Sozio F, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Emilia R, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Antonucci G, Narciso P, Zaccarelli M, Gallo L, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Ceccarelli L, Libertone R, Trotta MP, Miccoli A, Cattelan AM, Mura MS, Caramello P, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D., BORDERI, MARCO, RE, MARIA CARLA, VIALE, PIERLUIGI, VERUCCHI, GABRIELLA, PIERGENTILI, BENEDETTA, Vescini F, Cozzi-Lepri A, Borderi M, Re MC, Maggiolo F, De Luca A, Cassola G, Vullo V, Carosi G, Antinori A, Tozzi V, Monforte AD, Icona Foundation Study Group.Moroni M, Angarano G, Cauda R, Di Perri G, Galli M, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Perno CF, Viale PL, Von Schlosser F, Ammassari A, Andreoni M, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Bonora S, Capobianchi MR, Castagna A, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Gargiulo M, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lichtner M, Lo Caputo S, Madeddu G, Marcotullio S, Monno L, Murri R, Mussini C, Puoti M, Torti C, Fanti I, Formenti T, Montroni M, Giacometti A, Costantini A, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Suter F, Verucchi G, Piergentili B, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Mastroianni C, Belvisi V, Molteni C, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Carenzi L, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Pastore V, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, De Marco M, Ferrari C, Borghi R, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Parruti G, Sozio F, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Emilia R, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Antonucci G, Narciso P, Zaccarelli M, Gallo L, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Ceccarelli L, Libertone R, Trotta MP, Miccoli A, Cattelan AM, Mura MS, Caramello P, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D., Vescini, F, Cozzi Lepri, A, Borderi, M, Re, M, Maggiolo, F, De Luca, A, Cassola, G, Vullo, V, Carosi, G, Antinori, A, Tozzi, V, Monforte, A, Gori, A, Vescini, Fabio, Cozzi lepri, Alessandro, Borderi, Marco, Re, Maria Carla, Maggiolo, Franco, De Luca, Andrea, Cassola, Giovanni, Vullo, Vincenzo, Carosi, Giampiero, Antinori, Andrea, Tozzi, Valerio, Monforte, Antonella D'arminio, Icona Foundation Study, Group, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
Male, HIV Infections, vitamin D, Logistic regression, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, Prevalence, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Vitamin D, Young adult, education.field_of_study, hiv infection, prognosis, vitamin d deficiency and insufficiency, Diabetes Mellitu, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Combination, Cohort, Linear Model, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Seasons, prognosi, Adult, Africa, Aged, Central America, Diabetes Mellitus, Drug Therapy, Humans, Linear Models, South America, Vitamin D Deficiency, Young Adult, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Infectious Disease, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, vitamin D deficiency, Internal medicine, medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, education, Survival analysis, business.industry, Risk Factor, Hypovitaminosis D, HIV, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, Immunology, Anti-Retroviral Agent, Season, business
Abstract

Background: A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (hypD) in HIV-infected patients has been reported, but reasons are unclear. Methods: The 25 hydroxy vitamin D (vitD) concentration was measured in a sample of HIV-positive patients from Italy enrolled in the Icona Foundation Study. The change in absolute levels of vitD pre/post combination antiretroviral treatment was modelled by linear regression controlling for confounders and seasonality. Factors associated with hypD were identified using logistic regression analysis, and survival analysis was employed to evaluate the prognostic value of vitD concentration to predict severe diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular, renal), AIDS, and death. RESULTS:: We studied 810 patients contributing 1408 vitD measures. Median age was 36 years (range: 20-69). VitD insufficiency (30-75 nmol/L) and deficiency (

Published
2011

41. Favourable evolution of virological and immunological profiles in treated and untreated patients in Italy in the period 1998-2008

Author

Prosperi, Mc1, Cozzi Lepri, A, Antinori, A, Cassola, G, Torti, C, Ursitti, Ma, Pellizzer, Gp, Giacometti, A, d'Arminio Monforte, A, De Luca, A, Collaborators Moroni M, Icona Foundation Study G. r. o. u. p., Carosi, G, Cauda, R, Di Perri, G, Galli, M, Ghinelli, F, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Lazzarin, A, Mazzotta, F, Panebianco, R, Pastore, G, Perno, Cf, Ammassari, A, Arici, C, Balotta, C, Bonfanti, P, Capobianchi, Mr, Castagna, A, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, Gervasoni, C, Girardi, E, Lo Caputo, S, Maggiolo, F, Murri, R, Mussini, C, Puoti, M, Fanti, I, Formenti, T, Prosperi, Cf, Montroni, M, Costantini, A, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Martellotta, F, Ladisa, N, Pierri, A, Suter, F, Borderi, M, Verucchi, G, Piergentili, B, Cristini, G, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Abeli, C, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Vecchiet, J, Falasca, K, Carnevale, G, Lorenzotti, S, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Pozzi, M, Pagano, G, Viscoli, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Mazzarello, G, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Rossotto, R, Tommasi, D, Congedo, P, Chiodera, A, Castelli, P, Rizzardini, G, Schlacht, I, Ridolfo, Al, Foschi, A, Salpietro, S, Merli, S, Melzi, S, Moioli, Mc, Cicconi, P, Esposito, R, Gori, A, Fiorino, M, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Baldelli, F, Belfiori, B, Magnani, G, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Andreoni, M, Antonucci, G, Narciso, P, Tozzi, V, Vullo, Vincenzo, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Trotta, Mp, Calbi, M, Gallo, L, Carletti, F, Mura, Ms, Madeddu, G, Caramello, P, Orofino, Gc, Sciandra, M, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D., Prosperi, M. C. F., Cozzi lepri, A., Antinori, A., Cassola, G., Torti, C., Ursitti, M. A., Pellizzer, G. P., Giacometti, A., D'arminio Monforte, A., De Luca, A, Icona Foundation Study, Group, Castagna, Antonella, Prosperi MC, Cozzi-Lepri A, Antinori A, Cassola G, Torti C, Ursitti MA, Pellizzer GP, Giacometti A, d'Arminio Monforte A, De Luca A, Icona, Moroni M, Carosi G, Cauda R, Di Perri G, Galli M, Ghinelli F, Iardino R, Ippolito G, Lazzarin A, Mazzotta F, Panebianco R, Pastore G, Perno CF, Ammassari A, Arici C, Balotta C, Bonfanti P, Capobianchi MR, Castagna A, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Gervasoni C, Girardi E, Lo Caputo S, Maggiolo F, Murri R, Mussini C, Puoti M, Fanti I, Formenti T, Prosperi CF, Montroni M, Costantini A, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Ladisa N, Pierri A, Suter F, Borderi M, Verucchi G, Piergentili B, Cristini G, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Abeli C, Manconi PE, Piano P, Vecchiet J, Falasca K, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Pozzi M, Pagano G, Viscoli G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Mazzarello G, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Rossotto R, Tommasi D, Congedo P, Chiodera A, Castelli P, Rizzardini G, Schlacht I, Ridolfo AL, Foschi A, Salpietro S, Merli S, Melzi S, Moioli MC, Cicconi P, Esposito R, Gori A, Fiorino M, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Baldelli F, Belfiori B, Magnani G, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Andreoni M, Antonucci G, Narciso P, Tozzi V, Vullo V, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Calbi M, Gallo L, Carletti F, Mura MS, Madeddu G, Caramello P, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D., Prosperi, M, Cozzi Lepri, A, Antinori, A, Cassola, G, Torti, C, Ursitti, M, Pellizzer, G, Giacometti, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, and Gori, A

Subjects
Adult, Male, HAART, Sexual Behavior, HIV Infections, Infectious Disease, HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, Settore MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, Virological response rate, immunological response rates, Poisson regression, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Prevalence, Humans, HIV Infection, Pharmacology (medical), Poisson Distribution, Health Policy, HIV, HEPATITIS C VIRUS, HIV–infected patients, Viral Load, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Treatment Outcome, Italy, HIV-1, Female, Immunological response rate, Human
Abstract

Background: This study provides an estimate of the proportion of HIV-positive patients in Italian clinics showing an 'adverse prognosis' (defined as a CD4 count ≤200cells/μL or an HIV RNA >50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) over time, and investigates whether this proportion varied according to patients' characteristics. Methods: We estimated the annual proportion of patients with a CD4 count ≤200cells/μL or HIV RNA >50copies/mL out of the total number of patients in the Icona Foundation cohort seen in any given year, both overall and after stratifying by demographical and treatment status groups. Generalized estimating equation models for Poisson regression were applied. Results: In 1998-2008, the prevalence of patients with a CD4 count ≤200cells/μL decreased from 14 to 6% [adjusted relative risk (RR) 0.86/year; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-0.88; P50copies/mL decreased from 66 to 40% (adjusted RR 0.95/year; 95% CI 0.95-0.96; P

Published
2011

42. CD4+ T cell evolution and predictors of its trend before and after tenofovir/didanosine backbone in the presence of sustained undetectable HIV plasma viral load

Author

Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Barreiro, P, Soriano, V, Mandalia, S, De Silvestri, A, Suter, F, Maggiolo, F, Antinori, A, Antonucci, F, Maserati, R, El Hamad, I, Pierotti, P, Sighinolfi, L, Migliorino, G, Ladisa, N, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Barreiro P., Soriano V., Mandalia S., De Silvestri A., Suter F., Maggiolo F., Antinori A., Antonucci F., Maserati R., El Hamad I., Pierotti P., Sighinolfi L., Migliorino G., Ladisa N., Carosi G., Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Barreiro, P, Soriano, V, Mandalia, S, De Silvestri, A, Suter, F, Maggiolo, F, Antinori, A, Antonucci, F, Maserati, R, El Hamad, I, Pierotti, P, Sighinolfi, L, Migliorino, G, Ladisa, N, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Barreiro P., Soriano V., Mandalia S., De Silvestri A., Suter F., Maggiolo F., Antinori A., Antonucci F., Maserati R., El Hamad I., Pierotti P., Sighinolfi L., Migliorino G., Ladisa N., and Carosi G.

Abstract

Background: Tenofovir with full-dose didanosine has been associated with paradoxical CD4+ T cell decrease despite virological suppression. We investigated whether tenofovir plus didanosine at a weight-adjusted dosage could be responsible for such an effect, and factors associated with CD4+ T cell count evolution under this combination. Methods: This was a prospective observational multicohort study (Italian MASTER and Spanish Hospital Carlos III HIV cohorts). Patients with HIV plasma viral load suppression for ≥6 months who switched to an antiretroviral combination including tenofovir plus didanosine were studied, as long as virological success was maintained. CD4+ T cell count variations over time (slopes) were compared before and after switching to tenofovir plus didanosine using linear mixed models and segmented regression analysis. Results: Annual time-weighted CD4+ T cell count slope did not change significantly after the prescription of tenofovir plus didanosine: it was 14 cells/mm3 [95% confidence interval (CI) - 7 to 35] from month -24 to month -12, 12 cells/mm3 (95% CI -14 to 38) from month -12 to the time of switching, 30 cells/mm3 (95% CI 5-55) from switching to month 112 and 15 cells/mm3 (95% CI -8 to 39) from month +12 to month +24 after switching to tenofovir plus didanosine. No significant change in the slope of the segment after the switch to tenofovir plus didanosine-containing regimens when compared with the segment preceding the intervention was found (CD4+ T cell count slope change: 24 cells/mm3; 95% CI -10 to 58). Similar results were obtained using CD4+ T cell percentage over total lymphocytes. The significant independent predictors of lower CD4+ T cell count slope were older age (P = 0.006), lower nadir CD4+ T cell count (P < 0.001) and positive hepatitis C virus antibody (P = 0.03). Moreover, reduced estimated creatinine clearance was an additional independent predictor of lower CD4+ T cell count slope (P = 0.02), but only after excluding

Published
2007

43. Predictors of AIDS-defining events among advanced naïve patients after HAART

Author

Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Maggiolo, F, Casari, S, Suter, F, Minoli, L, Pezzoli, C, Di Pietro, M, Migliorino, G, Quiros-Roldan, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Gatti, F, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Maggiolo F., Casari S., Suter F., Minoli L., Pezzoli C., Di Pietro M., Migliorino G., Quiros-Roldan E., Ladisa N., Sighinolfi L., Gatti F., Carosi G., Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Maggiolo, F, Casari, S, Suter, F, Minoli, L, Pezzoli, C, Di Pietro, M, Migliorino, G, Quiros-Roldan, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Gatti, F, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Maggiolo F., Casari S., Suter F., Minoli L., Pezzoli C., Di Pietro M., Migliorino G., Quiros-Roldan E., Ladisa N., Sighinolfi L., Gatti F., and Carosi G.

Abstract

Background: Baseline and follow-up predictors of new AIDS-defining events or death (ADE/death) among patients who started HAART late in their disease history have rarely been assessed simultaneously. Method: ADE and mortality rates were assessed using Cox regression analyses. Variables were tested for prediction of ADE/death within the first 3 months of therapy and from month 3, thereafter. Results: 751 HIV-infected patients with <200 CD4+/mm3 before HAART were followed for a median of 49 months. 207 new ADE occurred (7.06 [6.16-8.10] per 100 patient-years). ADE/deaths clustered within the first 3 months of treatment (106/207, 51%). Higher CD4+ T-cell counts during the follow-up (per loge cells/mm3: hazard ratio [HR] 0.51; 0.41-0.64; p < .001) and use of antiretroviral therapy (HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.21-0.69; p = .001) appeared to protect from ADE/death after month 3. Conversely, increasing follow-up with HIV RNA >400 copies/mL correlated with ADE/death (per month: HR 1.09; 95% CI 1.06-1.12; p = .001). Use of boosted protease inhibitors as first-line HAART and HCV-seropositivity were additional risk factors. Baseline CD4+ T-cell count and HIV RNA had a predominant impact in the first 3 months after HAART initiation. Conclusion: A careful monitoring of patients with low CD4+ is particularly necessary during the first few months of HAART. Length and extent of viral replication during the follow-up appeared to induce a significantly higher risk of HIV disease progression afterwards, implying that new drugs and new strategies aimed at ensuring long-term suppression of HIV RNA are of outstanding importance. © 2007 Thomas Land Publishers, Inc.

Published
2007

44. Influence of viral chronic hepatitis co-infection on plasma drug concentrations and liver transaminase elevations upon therapy switch in HIV-positive patients

Author

Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Uccelli, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Regazzi, M, Ladisa, N, Micheli, V, Orani, A, Patroni, A, Caputo, S, Tirelli, V, Di Giambenedetto, S, Cologni, G, Costarelli, S, Gargiulo, F, Manca, N, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Uccelli M. C., Quiros-Roldan E., Regazzi M., Ladisa N., Micheli V., Orani A., Patroni A., Caputo S. L., Tirelli V., Di Giambenedetto S., Cologni G., Costarelli S., Gargiulo F., Manca N., Carosi G., Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Uccelli, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Regazzi, M, Ladisa, N, Micheli, V, Orani, A, Patroni, A, Caputo, S, Tirelli, V, Di Giambenedetto, S, Cologni, G, Costarelli, S, Gargiulo, F, Manca, N, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Uccelli M. C., Quiros-Roldan E., Regazzi M., Ladisa N., Micheli V., Orani A., Patroni A., Caputo S. L., Tirelli V., Di Giambenedetto S., Cologni G., Costarelli S., Gargiulo F., Manca N., and Carosi G.

Abstract

It is still controversial whether viral hepatitis co-infection can influence antiretroviral plasma drug concentrations and whether drug concentrations are correlated with liver enzyme elevations during highly active antiretroviral therapy. An analysis of data from a cohort of 220 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients was conducted. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed to identify predictors of plasma drug concentrations. The association of transaminase elevation with higher plasma drug concentrations was explored following stratification of patients into HIV monoinfected and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and/or hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected groups. Hepatitis co-infections were independently correlated with drug concentrations above the therapeutic cut-offs at Week 1 (P = 0.06), Week 4 (P = 0.04) and Week 12 (P = 0.005). The apparent effect was independent of the possible impact exerted by other variables such as demographics and medication adherence. The incidence of relevant hypertransaminasaemia was low. Patients with hepatitis co-infections had higher rates of transaminase elevation than monoinfected HIV patients; however, risk of transaminase elevation was not associated with drug concentrations. The presence of HCV and/or HBV co-infections correlated with higher plasma drug concentrations, although it did not appear to influence hepatotoxicity risk. © 2006.

Published
2007

45. Adherence and plasma drug concentrations are predictors of confirmed virologic response after 24-week salvage highly active antiretroviral therapy

Author

Quiros-Roldan, E, Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Ladisa, N, Micheli, V, Patroni, A, Cusato, M, Pierotti, P, Tirelli, V, Uccelli, M, Di Giambenedetto, S, Castelnuovo, F, Gargiulo, F, Manca, N, Carosi, G, Quiros-Roldan E., Torti C., Lapadula G., Ladisa N., Micheli V., Patroni A., Cusato M., Pierotti P., Tirelli V., Uccelli M. C., Di Giambenedetto S., Castelnuovo F., Gargiulo F., Manca N., Carosi G., Quiros-Roldan, E, Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Ladisa, N, Micheli, V, Patroni, A, Cusato, M, Pierotti, P, Tirelli, V, Uccelli, M, Di Giambenedetto, S, Castelnuovo, F, Gargiulo, F, Manca, N, Carosi, G, Quiros-Roldan E., Torti C., Lapadula G., Ladisa N., Micheli V., Patroni A., Cusato M., Pierotti P., Tirelli V., Uccelli M. C., Di Giambenedetto S., Castelnuovo F., Gargiulo F., Manca N., and Carosi G.

Abstract

Data from 197 patients for whom highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) failed, who started a new regimen chosen under the guide of resistance testing results interpreted by experts, were retrospectively studied, provided that at least 2 determinations of adherence and plasma drug concentrations were performed during the follow-up. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted, using confirmed virologie response at week 24 as outcome measure (i.e., achievement of undetectable HIV plasma viral load at any time point before week 24 and its maintenance up to week 24). Suboptimal drug concentrations (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2-0.7; p = 0.006) and suboptimal adherence (OR: 0.4; 95% CI 0.2-0.8; p = 0.014) were both negative independent predictors of sustained virologic response, while the use of boosted protease inhibitor-containing regimens resulted to be protective (OR: 2.4; 95% CI 1.1-5.3; p = 0.032). © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

Published
2007

46. Influence of genotype 3 hepatitis C coinfection on liver enzyme elevation in HIV-1-positive patients after commencement of a new highly active antiretroviral regimen: Results from the EPOKA-MASTER cohort

Author

Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Puoti, M, Casari, S, Uccelli, M, Cristini, G, Bella, D, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Minoli, L, Sotgiu, G, Caputo, S, Bonora, S, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Puoti M., Casari S., Uccelli M. C., Cristini G., Bella D., Pastore G., Ladisa N., Minoli L., Sotgiu G., Caputo S. L., Bonora S., Carosi G., Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Puoti, M, Casari, S, Uccelli, M, Cristini, G, Bella, D, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Minoli, L, Sotgiu, G, Caputo, S, Bonora, S, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Puoti M., Casari S., Uccelli M. C., Cristini G., Bella D., Pastore G., Ladisa N., Minoli L., Sotgiu G., Caputo S. L., Bonora S., and Carosi G.

Abstract

Background: The independent role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 in liver transaminase elevation following highly active antiretroviral regimens is still controversial. Methods: Analysis of data from a cohort of 492 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients was conducted using an intention-to-treat approach. Incidence of grade ≥III liver transaminase elevation was estimated per 100 patient-years of follow-up. Univariate and multiple proportional hazards regression analysis of factors that may predict liver enzyme elevation was performed. Results: The incidence of grade ≥III hepatotoxicity was 25 per 100 patient-years among patients coinfected with HCV genotype 3 and 11 per 100 patient-years among those with other genotypes. On multiple proportional hazard regression analysis, time-to-grade ≥III liver enzyme elevation was directly correlated with HCV genotype 3 (hazards ratio [HR]: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.9; P = 0.001), male gender (HR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3 to 5.7; P = 0.007), chronic hepatitis B virus infection (HR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.5 to 5.9; P = 0.002), and alanine aminotransferase level at baseline (per 10 IU/L HR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.15; P < 0.001). In the same model, higher CD4 + T-cell counts at baseline were inversely correlated with risk of hepatotoxicity (HR: 0.998; 95% CI: 0.997 to 0.999; P = 0.036). Moreover, among patients experienced to antiretroviral drugs, previous grade ≥III hepatotoxicity (HR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8 to 4.3; P < 0.001) was an adjunctive independent risk factor. Conclusions: HIV-positive patients coinfected with HCV genotype 3 displayed a higher risk of relevant hepatotoxicity, independently from other clinical variables. The impact of HCV genotype outweighed the role of drugs in determining hepatotoxicity. Copyright © 2006 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Published
2006

47. Variable impact on mortality of AIDS-defining events diagnosed during combination antiretroviral therapy : not all AIDS-defining conditions are created equal

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft A, Sterne JA, Egger M, May M, Grabar S, Furrer H, Sabin C, Fatkenheuer G, Justice A, Reiss P, d'Arminio Monforte A, Gill J, Hogg R, Bonnet F, Kitahata M, Staszewski S, Casabona J, Harris R, Saag M, Chêne G, Costagliola D, Dabis F, D'Arminio Monforte A, de Wolf F, Ledergerber B, Mocroft A, Phillips A, Weller I, Sterne J, Abgrall S, Barin F, Bentata M, Billaud E, Boué F, Burty C, Cabié A, Cotte L, De Truchis P, Duval X, Duvivier C, Enel P, Fredouille Heripret L, Gasnault J, Gaud C, Gilquin J, Katlama C, Khuong MA, Lang JM, Lascaux AS, Launay O, Mahamat A, Mary Krause M, Matheron S, Meynard JL, Pavie J, Pialoux G, Pilorgé F, Poizot Martin I, Pradier C, Reynes J, Rouveix E, Simon A, Tattevin P, Tissot Dupont H, Viard JP, Viget N, Pariente Khayat A, Salomon V, Jacquemet N, Rivet A, Guiguet M, Kousignian I, Lanoy E, Lièvre L, Potard V, Selinger Leneman H, Bouvet E, Crickx B, Ecobichon JL, Leport C, Picard Dahan C, Yeni P, Tisne Dessus D, Weiss L, Salmon D, Sicard D, Auperin I, Roudière L, Fior R, Delfraissy JF, Goujard C, Jung C, Lesprit P, Desplanque N, Meyohas MC, Picard O, Cadranel J, Mayaud C, Bricaire F, Herson S, Clauvel JP, Decazes JM, Gerard L, Molina JM, Diemer M, Sellier P, Berthé H, Dupont C, Chandemerle C, Mortier E, Honoré P, Jeantils V, Tassi S, Mechali D, Taverne B, Gourdon F, Laurichesse H, Fresard A, Lucht F, Eglinger P, Faller JP, Bazin C, Verdon R, Boibieux A, Peyramond D, Livrozet JM, Touraine JL, Trepo C, Ravaux I, Delmont JP, Moreau J, Gastaut JA, Retornaz F, Soubeyrand J, Allegre T, Blanc PA, Galinier A, Ruiz JM, Lepeu G, Granet Brunello P, Esterni JP, Pelissier L, Cohen Valensi R, Nezri M, Chadapaud S, Laffeuillade A, May T, Rabaud C, Raffi F, Arvieux C, Michelet C, Borsa Lebas F, Caron F, Fraisse P, Rey D, Arlet Suau E, Cuzin L, Massip P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah Y, Pradinaud R, Sobesky M, Contant M, Montroni M, Scalise G, Braschi MC, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Pastore G, Ladisa N, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Carosi G, Cristini G, Torti C, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Manconi PE, Piano P, Cosco L, Scerbo A, Vecchiet J, D'Alessandro M, Santoro D, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Lo Caputo S, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Grima PF, Pagano G, Cassola G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Trezzi M, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Perini P, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Chiodera F, Castelli P, Scalzini A, Palvarini L, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Rizzardini G, Caggese L, Cicconi P, Galli A, Merli S, Pastecchia C, Moioli MC, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, Piazza M, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Colomba A, Abbadessa V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Filice G, Minoli L, Bruno R, Novati S, Baldelli F, Camanni G, Petrelli E, Cioppi A, Alberici F, Ruggieri A, Menichetti F, Martinelli C, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Ballardini G, Rizzo E, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, Ciardi M, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Noto P, Lichtner M, Capobianchi MR, Carletti F, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Grossi PA, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, Resta F, Loso K, Cozzi Lepri A, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Bucher H, Bürgisser P, Cattacin S, Cavassini M, Dubs R, Elzi L, Erb P, Fischer M, Flepp M, Fontana A, Francioli P, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Hirsch H, Hirschel B, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Karrer U, Kind C, Klimkait T, Martinetti G, Martinez B, Müller N, Nadal D, Opravil M, Paccaud F, Pantaleo G, Rickenbach M, Rudin C, Schmid P, Schultze D, Schüpbach J, Speck R, Taffé P, Tarr P, Telenti A, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, Gras LA, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Bronsveld W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins JM, Branger J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf J, Godfried MH, Lange JM, Lettinga KD, van der Meer JT, Nellen FJ, van der Poll T, Ruys TA, Steingrover R, Vermeulen JN, Vrouenraets SM, van Vugt M, Wit FW, Kuijpers TW, Pajkrt D, Scherpbier HJ, van Eeden A, Brinkman K, van den Berk GE, Blok WL, Frissen PH, Roos JC, Schouten WE, Mulder JW, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar J, Veenstra J, Danner SA, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen FA, Perenboom RM, Rijkeboer A, van Vonderen MG, Richter C, van der Berg J, Vriesendorp R, Jeurissen FJ, Kauffmann RH, Pogány K, Bravenboer B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra GJ, Sprenger HG, van Assen S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens R, Scholvinck EH, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw R, van Houte D, Polée MB, Kroon FP, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers EF, Schreij G, van der Geest S, Lowe S, Verbon A, Koopmans PP, Van Crevel R, de Groot R, Keuter M, Post F, van der Ven AJ, Warris A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens IC, van der Feltz M, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJ, de Vries TE, Driessen G, van der Flier M, Hartwig NG, Juttman JR, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul C, Hoepelman IM, Schneider MM, Bonten MJ, Borleffs JC, Ellerbroek PM, Jaspers CA, Mudrikove T, Schurink CA, Gisolf EH, Geelen SP, Wolfs TF, Faber T, Tanis AA, Groeneveld PH, den Hollander JG, Duits AJ, Winkel K, Back NK, Bakker ME, Berkhout B, Jurriaans S, Zaaijer HL, Cuijpers T, Rietra PJ, Roozendaal KJ, Pauw W, van Zanten AP, Smits PH, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul P, Pettersson A, Swanink CM, Franck PF, Lampe AS, Jansen CL, Hendriks R, Benne CA, Veenendaal D, Storm H, Weel J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes AC, Claas HC, Bruggeman CA, Goossens VJ, Galama JM, Melchers WJ, Poort YA, Doornum GJ, Niesters MG, Osterhaus AD, Schutten M, Buiting AG, Swaans CA, Boucher CA, Schuurman R, Boel E, Jansz AF, Veldkamp A, Beijnen JH, Huitema AD, Burger DM, Hugen PW, van Kan HJ, Losso M, Duran A, Vetter N, Karpov I, Vassilenko A, Mitsura VM, Suetnov O, Clumeck N, De Wit S, Poll B, Colebunders R, Kostov K, Begovac J, Machala L, Rozsypal H, Sedlacek D, Nielsen J, Lundgren J, Benfield T, Kirk O, Gerstoft J, Katzenstein T, Hansen AB, Skinhøj P, Pedersen C, Oestergaard L, Zilmer K, Ristola M, Girard PM, Vanhems P, Rockstroh J, Schmidt R, van Lunzen J, Degen O, Stellbrink HJ, Bogner J, Kosmidis J, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Perdios J, Panos G, Filandras A, Karabatsaki E, Sambattakou H, Banhegyi D, Mulcahy F, Yust I, Turner D, Burke M, Pollack S, Hassoun G, Maayan S, Chiesi A, Mazeu I, Pristera R, Gabbuti A, Montesarchio E, Gargiulo M, Iacomi F, Vlassi C, Finazzi R, Galli M, Ridolfo A, Rozentale B, Aldins P, Chaplinskas S, Hemmer R, Staub T, Bruun J, Maeland A, Ormaasen V, Knysz B, Gasiorowski J, Horban A, Prokopowicz D, Wiercinska Drapalo A, Boron Kaczmarska A, Pynka M, Beniowski M, Mularska E, Trocha H, Antunes F, Valadas E, Mansinho K, Maltez F, Duiculescu D, Rakhmanova A, Vinogradova E, Buzunova S, Jevtovic D, Mokrás M, Staneková D, González Lahoz J, Soriano V, Martin Carbonero L, Labarga P, Clotet B, Jou A, Conejero J, Tural C, Gatell JM, Miró JM, Domingo P, Gutierrez M, Mateo G, Sambeat MA, Karlsson A, Persson PO, Flamholc L, Boffi E, Kravchenko E, Chentsova N, Barton S, Johnson AM, Mercey D, Johnson MA, Murphy M, Weber J, Scullard G, Fisher M, Brettle R, Gatell J, Gazzard B, Friis Møller N, Bannister W, Ellefson M, Borch A, Podlekareva D, Holkmann Olsen C, Kjaer J, Peters L, Reekie J, Raffanti S, Dieterch D, Becker S, Scarsella A, Fusco G, Most B, Balu R, Rana R, Beckerman R, Ising T, Fusco J, Irek R, Johnson B, Hirani A, DeJesus E, Pierone G, Lackey P, Irek C, Johnson A, Burdick J, Leon S, Arch J, Helm EB, Carlebach A, Müller A, Haberl A, Nisius G, Lennemann T, Stephan C, Bickel M, Mösch M, Gute P, Locher L, Lutz T, Klauke S, Knecht G, Khaykin P, Doerr HW, Stürmer M, Babacan E, von Hentig N, Beylot J, Dupon M, Longy Boursier M, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM, Salamon R, Thiébaut R, Lewden C, Lawson Ayayi S, Mercié P, Moreau JF, Morlat P, Bernard N, Lacoste D, Malvy D, Neau D, Blaizeau MJ, Decoin M, Delveaux S, Hannapier C, Labarrère S, Lavignolle Aurillac V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira B, Palmer G, Touchard D, Balestre E, Alioum A, Jacqmin Gadda H, Bonarek M, Coadou B, Gellie P, Nouts C, Bocquentin F, Dutronc H, Lafarie S, Aslan A, Pistonne T, Thibaut P, Vatan R, Chambon D, De La Taille C, Cazorla C, Ocho A, Viallard JF, Caubet O, Cipriano C, Lazaro E, Couzigou P, Castera L, Fleury H, Lafon ME, Masquelier B, Pellegrin I, Breilh D, Blanco P, Loste P, Caunègre L, Bonnal F, Farbos S, Ferrand M, Ceccaldi J, Tchamgoué S, De Witte S, Buy E, Alexander C, Barrios R, Braitstein P, Brumme Z, Chan K, Cote H, Gataric N, Geller J, Guillemi S, Harrigan PR, Harris M, Joy R, Levy A, Montaner J, Montessori V, Palepu A, Phillips E, Phillips P, Press N, Tyndall M, Wood E, Yip B, Bhagani S, Breen R, Byrne P, Carroll A, Cuthbertson Z, Dunleavy A, Geretti AM, Heelan B, Johnson M, Kinloch de Loes S, Lipman M, Madge S, Marshall N, Nair D, Nebbia G, Prinz B, Shah S, Swader L, Tyrer M, Youle M, Chaloner C, Grabowska H, Holloway J, Puradiredja J, Ransom D, Tsintas R, Bansi L, Fox Z, Harris E, Hill T, Lampe F, Lodwick R, Smith C, Amoah E, Booth C, Clewley G, Garcia Diaz A, Gregory B, Janossy G, Labbett W, Thomas M, Read R, Krentz H, Beckthold B, Schmeisser N, Alquézar A, Esteve A, Podzamczer D, Murillas J, Romero A, Agustí C, Agüero F, Ferrer E, Riera M, Segura F, Navarro G, Force L, Vilaró J, Masabeu A, García I, Guadarrama M, Montoliu A, Ortega N, Lazzari E, Puchol E, Sanchez M, Blanco JL, Garcia Alcaide F, Martinez E, Mallolas J, López Dieguez M, García Goez JF, Sirera G, Romeu J, Negredo E, Miranda C, Capitan MC, Olmo M, Barragan P, Saumoy M, Bolao F, Cabellos C, Peña C, Sala M, Cervantes M, Jose Amengual M, Navarro M, Penelo E, Barrufet P, Raper JL, Mugavero MJ, Willig JH, Schumacher J, Chang PW, Westfall AO, Cloud G, Lin HY, Acosta EP, Colette Kempf M, Allison JJ, Pisu M., NAPPA, SALVATORE, Mocroft, A, Mancuso, S, Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft, A, Sterne, Ja, Egger, M, May, M, Grabar, S, Furrer, H, Sabin, C, Fatkenheuer, G, Justice, A, Reiss, P, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Gill, J, Hogg, R, Bonnet, F, Kitahata, M, Staszewski, S, Casabona, J, Harris, R, Saag, M, Chêne, G, Costagliola, D, Dabis, F, D'Arminio Monforte, A, de Wolf, F, Ledergerber, B, Phillips, A, Weller, I, Sterne, J, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, A, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupont, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livrozet, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand, Mf, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Martellotta, F, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, G, Cristini, G, Torti, C, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Lorenzotti, S, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, Pf, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, Caggese, L, Cicconi, P, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, Salvatore, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Camanni, G, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Alberici, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtner, M, Capobianchi, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, M, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Orofino, Gc, Sciandra, M, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Bürgisser, P, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Erb, P, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Tarr, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem, Ai, Smit, C, Bronsveld, W, Hillebrand Haverkort, Me, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Jk, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer, Jt, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, Ge, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp, Ec, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen, Mg, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, ten Napel, Ch, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen, Jt, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate, Rw, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Pj, van Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven, Aj, Warris, A, van der Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries, Te, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren, Me, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander, Jg, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten, Ap, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg, Bm, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, A, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, van Zeijl, Jh, Kroes, Ac, Claas, Hc, Bruggeman, Ca, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jm, Melchers, Wj, Poort, Ya, Doornum, Gj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Ad, Schutten, M, Buiting, Ag, Swaans, Ca, Boucher, Ca, Schuurman, R, Boel, E, Jansz, Af, Veldkamp, A, Beijnen, Jh, Huitema, Ad, Burger, Dm, Hugen, Pw, van Kan, Hj, Losso, M, Duran, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, Vm, Suetnov, O, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Poll, B, Colebunders, R, Kostov, K, Begovac, J, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Lundgren, J, Benfield, T, Kirk, O, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Oestergaard, L, Zilmer, K, Ristola, M, Girard, Pm, Vanhems, P, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, van Lunzen, J, Degen, O, Stellbrink, Hj, Bogner, J, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Xylomenos, G, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Sambattakou, H, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Pollack, S, Hassoun, G, Maayan, S, Chiesi, A, Mazeu, I, Pristera, R, Gabbuti, A, Montesarchio, E, Gargiulo, M, Iacomi, F, Vlassi, C, Finazzi, R, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Aldins, P, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Duiculescu, D, Rakhmanova, A, Vinogradova, E, Buzunova, S, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Soriano, V, Martin Carbonero, L, Labarga, P, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Domingo, P, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Sambeat, Ma, Karlsson, A, Persson, Po, Flamholc, L, Boffi, E, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Gatell, J, Gazzard, B, Friis Møller, N, Bannister, W, Ellefson, M, Borch, A, Podlekareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Johnson, A, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Bickel, M, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonnal, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Alexander, C, Barrios, R, Braitstein, P, Brumme, Z, Chan, K, Cote, H, Gataric, N, Geller, J, Guillemi, S, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Joy, R, Levy, A, Montaner, J, Montessori, V, Palepu, A, Phillips, E, Phillips, P, Press, N, Tyndall, M, Wood, E, Yip, B, Bhagani, S, Breen, R, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Shah, S, Swader, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lampe, F, Lodwick, R, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Janossy, G, Labbett, W, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Schmeisser, N, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Navarro, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez, Jf, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolao, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Jose Amengual, M, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Raper, Jl, Mugavero, Mj, Willig, Jh, Schumacher, J, Chang, Pw, Westfall, Ao, Cloud, G, Lin, Hy, Acosta, Ep, Colette Kempf, M, Allison, Jj, Pisu, M., Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, Other departments, General Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention

Subjects
Male, Infectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13], Lymphoma, 030312 virology, Esophageal candidiasis, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, 030212 general & internal medicine, AIDS-Related, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, 0303 health sciences, Mortality rate, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Hazard ratio, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1], Infectious Diseases, Combination, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1], Human, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, Anti-HIV Agents, antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Disease, Article, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, AIDS-defining event, Proportional Hazards Models, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis/ mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/drug, therapy/ mortality, Anti-HIV Agents/ therapeutic use, AIDS-Related/diagnosis/mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3], Anti-HIV Agent, medicine.disease, mortality, Confidence interval, Immunology, Proportional Hazards Model, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 80963.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The extent to which mortality differs following individual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining events (ADEs) has not been assessed among patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: We analyzed data from 31,620 patients with no prior ADEs who started combination antiretroviral therapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios for each ADE that occurred in >50 patients, after stratification by cohort and adjustment for sex, HIV transmission group, number of antiretroviral drugs initiated, regimen, age, date of starting combination antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA load at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. ADEs that occurred in

Published
2009

49. Incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevation during highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-HCV co-infected patients: Results from the Italian EPOKA-MASTER cohort

Author

Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Casari, S, Puoti, M, Nelson, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Bella, D, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Minoli, L, Sotgiu, G, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Di Perri, G, Filice, G, Tinelli, C, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Casari S., Puoti M., Nelson M., Quiros-Roldan E., Bella D., Pastore G., Ladisa N., Minoli L., Sotgiu G., Mazzotta F., Lo Caputo S., Di Perri G., Filice G., Tinelli C., Carosi G., Torti, C, Lapadula, G, Casari, S, Puoti, M, Nelson, M, Quiros-Roldan, E, Bella, D, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Minoli, L, Sotgiu, G, Mazzotta, F, Lo Caputo, S, Di Perri, G, Filice, G, Tinelli, C, Carosi, G, Torti C., Lapadula G., Casari S., Puoti M., Nelson M., Quiros-Roldan E., Bella D., Pastore G., Ladisa N., Minoli L., Sotgiu G., Mazzotta F., Lo Caputo S., Di Perri G., Filice G., Tinelli C., and Carosi G.

Abstract

Background: The risk of hepatotoxicity associated with different highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens (containing multiple-protease inhibitors, single-protease inhibitors or non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) in HIV-HCV co-infected patients has not been fully assessed. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of 1,038 HIV-HCV co-infected patients who commenced a new HAART in the Italian MASTER database. Patients were stratified into naïve and experienced to antiretroviral therapy before starting the study regimens. Time to grade ≥III hepatotoxicity (as by ACTG classification) was the primary outcome. Secondary outcome was time to grade IV hepatotoxicity. Results: Incidence of grade ≥III hepatotoxicity was 17.71 per 100 patient-years (p-yr) of follow up in naïve patient group and 8.22 per 100 p-yrs in experienced group (grade IV: 4.13 per 100 p-yrs and 1.08 per 100 p-yrs, respectively). In the latter group, the only independent factors associated with shorter time to the event at proportional hazards regression model were: previous liver transaminase elevations to grade ≥III, higher baseline alanine amino-transferase values, and use of a non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor based regimen. In the naive group, baseline aspartate transaminase level was associated with the primary outcome. Conclusion: Use of a single or multiple protease inhibitor based regimen was not associated with risk of hepatotoxicity in either naïve or experienced patient groups to a statistically significant extent. A cautious approach with strict monitoring should be applied in HIV-HCV co-infected experienced patients with previous liver transaminase elevations, higher baseline alanine aminotransferase values and who receive regimens containing non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. © 2005 Torti et al; license BioMed Central Ltd.

Published
2005

50. Predictors of clinical progression among HIV-1-positive patients starting HAART with CD4+ T-cell counts >= 200 cells/mm(3)

Author

Lapadula, G, Torti, C, Maggiolo, F, Casari, S, Suter, F, Minoli, L, Pezzoli, C, Di Pietro, M, Migliorino, G, Quiros-Roldan, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Costarelli, S, Carosi, G, Lapadula, G, Torti, C, Maggiolo, F, Casari, S, Suter, F, Minoli, L, Pezzoli, C, Di Pietro, M, Migliorino, G, Quiros-Roldan, E, Ladisa, N, Sighinolfi, L, Costarelli, S, and Carosi, G

Subjects
Survival, antiretroviral therapy, AIDS defining events, mortality, death
Abstract

Background: Baseline and follow-up predictors of new AIDS-defining events (ADE) or death among patients who started HAART with CD4(+) T-cell counts >= 200 cells/mm(3) have rarely been assessed simultaneously.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study (1996-2002) is reported. HIV-infected patients initiating HAART with a CD4+ T-cell count >= 200 cells/mm(3) were studied. Baseline and time-varying factors were tested for the prediction of new ADE/death using Cox regression models.Results: A total of 896 subjects were studied over a median of 5.1 years. The incidence of a new ADE was 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.3-2.1) per 100 person-years. Among baseline factors, higher CD4(+) T-cell counts before HAART were associated with lower risk of ADE/death, but not after adjustment for time-varying factors. On a multivariable analysis including both baseline and time-varying covariates, longer delay from HIV diagnosis to HAART was an independent predictor of ADE/death (per year, hazard ratio [HR] 1.06; P=0.025) and was independent of CD4(+) T-cell count before treatment. Longer time spent with HIV RNA

Published
2007

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