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1. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author

Lauren Marshall, Anja Schmidt, Matthew Toohey, Ken S. Carslaw, Graham W. Mann, Michael Sigl, Myriam Khodri, Claudia Timmreck, Davide Zanchettin, William Ball, Slimane Bekki, James S. A. Brooke, Sandip Dhomse, Colin Johnson, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Allegra LeGrande, Michael J. Mills, Ulrike Niemeier, Virginie Poulain, Alan Robock, Eugene Rozanov, Andrea Stenke, Timofei Sukhodolov, Simone Tilmes, Kostas Tsigaridis, Fiona Tummon, Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics [Venezia], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Leeds], University of Leeds, Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory (ACOML), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Center for Climate Systems Research [New York] (CCSR), Columbia University [New York], Department of Environmental Sciences [New Brunswick], School of Environmental and Biological Sciences [New Brunswick], Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] ( ICAS ), Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften ( IFM-GEOMAR ), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie ( MPI-M ), National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] ( NCAS ), Natural Environment Research Council ( NERC ), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] ( LUC ), Paul Scherrer Institute ( PSI ), Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts ( PARVATI ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques ( LOCEAN ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology ( MPI-M ), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] ( IAC ), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich ( ETH Zürich ), Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center ( PMOD/WRC ), SHTI - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Met Office Hadley Centre ( MOHC ), Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory ( ACOML ), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] ( NCAR ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Center for Climate Systems Research [New York] ( CCSR ), and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] ( RUTGERS )

Subjects
[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 13. Climate action, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 “year without a summer”, and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, although there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kg km−2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kg km−2, as compared to the mean ice-core-derived estimates of roughly 50 kg km−2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought. ISSN:1680-7375 ISSN:1680-7367

Published
2017

2. Surface spectroscopic analysis of aqueous phase iodine oxides : Electron binding energy and surface propensity

Author

Roose, Antoine, Opoku, Richard, Boucly, Anthony, Yang, Huanyu, Lezzi, Lucia, Toubin, Céline, Vallet, Valérie, Halbert, Loïc, Severo Pereira Gomes, André, Ammann, Markus, Artiglia, Luca, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011)

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Iodine chemistry is implicated in atmospheric chemistry and can form several oxides such as HOI, I2, IO, OIO, and finally I2O5 or HIO3, which may nucleate as nanoparticles relevant for cloud formation in remote environments. These oxides can be formed through reaction with oxidants or other halogen compounds in the gas phase or the particle phase. Most of the iodide oxidation processes have been suggested to be enhanced at interfaces, similar to other halogen species, either due to the surface propensity of intermediates or the iodine species itself. However, no data are available about the surface concentration of iodine species other than iodide. After two decades of research into the surface propensity of iodide and bromide, the picture emerges that their surface propensity is not as extreme as initially thought. Liquid jet X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments have been carried out at the SIM beamline at the Swiss Light Source. Acquisition of kinetic energy dependent (thus at different probing depth) I3d, I4d core level and valence level spectra has been done for iodide, iodate and iodic acid. This allows to retrieve the surface propensity of these iodine species at the aqueous solution – air interface. Theoretical computations were performed to calculate the spectra using the so-called Frozen Embedding Method where DFT SAOP is coupled with CVS-EOM-IP-CCSD/d-aug-dy-all.ac2vz via a molecular mean-field X2C including the Gaunt interaction. The computation of the iodide core binding energies in the aqueous have been determined and compared to experimental measurements.

Published
2022

3. IO radical yields from iodide oxidation by ozone at aerosol proxy surfaces

Author

Antoine, Roose, Finkenzeller, Henning, Réal, Florent, Vallet, Valérie, Toubin, Céline, Gyrin, S., Lezzi, L., Volkamer, Rainer, Ammann, Markus, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011)

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Recently, Koenig et al. [1] measured both gas phase iodine species and particulate iodine (iodate and iodide) in the lower stratosphere indicating that tropospheric multiphase redox reactions prevent poorly soluble gaseous iodine species from removal by wet deposition leading to injections of inorganic iodine into the lower stratosphere. This may influence stratospheric ozone depletion both indirectly through activation of iodide to molecular halogens and directly through the aqueous phase reaction of ozone (O3) with iodide [2]. The bulk aqueous phase kinetics of this reaction have been reasonably well established for dilute solutions, though over a too narrow temperature range only [3,4]. The product of this reaction, IO-, is reacting with I- to I2(g) under most circumstances. Sakamoto et al. [3] have suggested that in addition IO(g), may be formed. The primary reaction of iodide with O3 depends on pH. Solute strength effects and the extent of a surface reaction have not been sufficiently established [3,5]. The objectives of this work is to determine the temperature dependence of the oxidation of iodide by ozone as well as to have a better understanding of the parameters that lead to IO radical and I2 formation. In this study, we used a trough reactor [6] coupled to Cavity Enhanced – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (CE-DOAS) [7] in order to study the reactivity in the range of temperatures from 255.15 to 291.15 K, in dilute aqueous solution and concentrated ammonium sulfate solutions. Preliminary results show that the IO/I2 ratio is in the range of 10-3 – 10-2. While I2 formation seems to be a bulk aqueous phase process, IO formation seems to result predominantly from a surface process. These experiments are also compared with molecular modeling investigations (ONIOM QM/MM method), where the energy barrier of the primary reaction is determined in the aerosol phase.References[1]T. K. Koenig et al., PNAS, 117, 4 (2020). [2]L. J. Carpenter et al., Nat. Geosci., 6 (2013).[3]Y. Sakamoto et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 113, 27 (2009).[4]L. Magi et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 101 (1997)[5]C. Moreno et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 22 (2020)[6]L. Artiglia et al., Nat. Commun., 8 (2017)[7]M. Wang et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, (2021).

Published
2022

4. ONIOM QM/MM investigation of the iodide oxidation by ozone on particle

Author

Roose, Antoine, Finkenzeller, Henning, Réal, Florent, Vallet, Valérie, Toubin, Céline, Gyrin, Severin, Lezzi, Lucia, Volkamer, Rainer, Ammann, Markus, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011)

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Recently, Koenig et al. [1] measured both gas phase iodine species and particulate iodine (iodate and iodide) in the lower stratosphere indicating that tropospheric multiphase redox reactions prevent poorly soluble gaseous iodine species from removal by wet deposition leading to injections of inorganic iodine into the lower stratosphere. This may influence stratospheric ozone depletion both indirectly through activation of iodide to molecular halogens and directly through the aqueous phase reaction of ozone (O3) with iodide [2]. The product of this reaction, IO-, is reacting with I- to I2(g) under most circumstances. Sakamoto et al. [3] have suggested that in addition IO(g), may be formed. The primary reaction of iodide with O3 depends on pH. Solute strength effects and the extent of a surface reaction have not been sufficiently established [3,4]. An hybrid ONIOM QM/MM method [5] has been used to investigate the reactivity of ozone on a iodide-containing slab of water. The reaction pathway has been determined both at interface and in bulk phase. Both singlet and triplet state surface are investigated as the triplet state can be reached through photoexcitation of ozone or by spin state change along the reaction coordinate. These theoretical calculations provide insight into the uptake process at the molecular scale. Comparisons with experimental measurements performed using a trough reactor [6] coupled to Cavity Enhanced – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (CE-DOAS) [7,8] are also discussed.References[1] T. K. Koenig et al., PNAS, 117, 4 (2020). [2] L. J. Carpenter et al., Nat. Geosci., 6, 108-111 (2013).[3] Y. Sakamoto et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 113, 27 (2009).[4] C. Moreno et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22, 5625-5637 (2020). [5] L. W. Chung et al., Chem. Rev., 115, 12 (2015). [6] L. Artiglia et al., Nat. Commun., 8, 700 (2017).[7] M. Wang et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4187-4202 (2021).[8] R. Thalman and R. Volkamer, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 2681-2721 (2010).

Published
2022

5. IO radical yields from iodide oxidation by ozone on aqueous aerosol proxy surfaces

Author

Ammann, Markus, Antoine, Roose, Finkenzeller, Henning, Réal, Florent, Vallet, Valérie, Toubin, Céline, Gyrin, Severin, Lezzi, Lucia, Volkamer, Rainer, Vallet, Valérie, ULNE - - ULNE2016 - ANR-16-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID, Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique - - Cappa2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0005 - LABX - VALID, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Physico-Chimie Moléculaire Théorique (PCMT), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), and ANR-11-LABX-0005,Cappa,Physiques et Chimie de l'Environnement Atmosphérique(2011)

Subjects
[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Recently, Koenig et al. [1] measured both gas phase iodine species and particulate iodine (iodate and iodide) in the lower stratosphere indicating that tropospheric multiphase redox reactions prevent poorly soluble gaseous iodine species from removal by wet deposition leading to injections of inorganic iodine into the lower stratosphere. This may influence stratospheric ozone depletion both indirectly through activation of iodide (I-) to molecular halogens and directly through the aqueous phase reaction of ozone (O3) with iodide. Also in the troposphere, measurements indicate higher than expected iodide to iodate ratios in the aerosol phase [2], suggesting the reaction of O3 with I- to be part of iodine cycling throughout the troposphere. The reaction of O3 with iodide in the aqueous phase, leading to IO- and to I2 through the secondary reaction of IO- with I- is rather well established and one of the main iodine source from oceans [3]. However, with respect to reaction in the aerosol phase, uncertainties exist with respect to the temperature dependence, effects of pH and ionic strength, and also the extent of a surface reaction pathway [4,5]. In addition, Sakamoto et al. [4] have suggested that from this reaction IO(g) may be released. The objectives of this work has been to determine the temperature dependence of the oxidation of iodide by ozone as well as to have a better understanding of the parameters that lead to IO radical and I2 formation. We used a trough reactor [5] coupled to Cavity Enhanced – Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (CE-DOAS) [6] to study the reactivity in dilute aqueous solution (273 – 291 K) and in concentrated ammonium sulfate solutions (255 – 291 K). Measurements at varying O3 mixing ratios indicate a substantial surface reaction component, especially at lower temperature. The IO/I2 ratio is in the range of 10-3 – 10-2. IO formation seems to result predominantly from a surface process. The experiments are also compared with results from theory. References[1]T. K. Koenig et al., PNAS, 117, 4 (2020). [2]Baker, A. R., and Yodle, C.: Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13067-13076, 2021.[3]L. J. Carpenter et al., Nat. Geosci., 6 (2013).[4]Y. Sakamoto et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 113, 27 (2009).[5]C. Moreno et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 22 (2020).[6]L. Artiglia et al., Nat. Commun., 8 (2017).[7]M. Wang et al., Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, (2021).

Published
2022

6. Multi-model comparison of the volcanic sulfate deposition from the 1815 eruption of Mt. Tambora

Author

Marshall, L., Schmidt, A., Toohey, M., Carslaw, K. S., Mann, G. W., Sigl, M., Khodri, Myriam, Timmreck, C., Zanchettin, D., Ball, W. T., Bekki, S., Brooke, J. S. A., Dhomse, S., Johnson, C., Lamarque, J. F., LeGrande, A. N., Mills, M. J., Niemeier, U., Pope, J. O., Poulain, V., Robock, A., Rozanov, E., Stenke, A., Sukhodolov, T., Tilmes, S., Tsigaridis, K., Tummon, F., Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften (IFM-GEOMAR), Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics [Venezia], University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Leeds], University of Leeds, Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory (ACOML), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Environmental Sciences [New Brunswick], School of Environmental and Biological Sciences [New Brunswick], Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers), NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), Center for Climate Systems Research [New York] (CCSR), Columbia University [New York], The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), US National Science Foundation grant AGS-1430051, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), research program 'MiKliP' (FKZ: 01LP1517B, Swiss National Science Foundation grant 20F121_138017, NERC grant NEK/K012150/1, ANR-10-LABX-0018,L-IPSL,LabEx Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL): Understand climate and anticipate future changes(2010), European Project: 603557,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2013-two-stage,STRATOCLIM(2013), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and The Arctic University of Norway (UiT)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, Settore GEO/12 - Oceanografia e Fisica dell'Atmosfera
Abstract

Source at https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2307-2018. The eruption of Mt. Tambora in 1815 was the largest volcanic eruption of the past 500 years. The eruption had significant climatic impacts, leading to the 1816 "year without a summer", and remains a valuable event from which to understand the climatic effects of large stratospheric volcanic sulfur dioxide injections. The eruption also resulted in one of the strongest and most easily identifiable volcanic sulfate signals in polar ice cores, which are widely used to reconstruct the timing and atmospheric sulfate loading of past eruptions. As part of the Model Intercomparison Project on the climatic response to Volcanic forcing (VolMIP), five state-of-the-art global aerosol models simulated this eruption. We analyse both simulated background (no Tambora) and volcanic (with Tambora) sulfate deposition to polar regions and compare to ice core records. The models simulate overall similar patterns of background sulfate deposition, although there are differences in regional details and magnitude. However, the volcanic sulfate deposition varies considerably between the models with differences in timing, spatial pattern and magnitude. Mean simulated deposited sulfate on Antarctica ranges from 19 to 264 kg km−2 and on Greenland from 31 to 194 kg km−2, as compared to the mean ice-core-derived estimates of roughly 50 kg km−2 for both Greenland and Antarctica. The ratio of the hemispheric atmospheric sulfate aerosol burden after the eruption to the average ice sheet deposited sulfate varies between models by up to a factor of 15. Sources of this inter-model variability include differences in both the formation and the transport of sulfate aerosol. Our results suggest that deriving relationships between sulfate deposited on ice sheets and atmospheric sulfate burdens from model simulations may be associated with greater uncertainties than previously thought.

Published
2018

7. The Cryosphere and ATmospheric CHemistry (CATCH): Research challenges and opportunities for collaboration

Author

Thomas, Jennie L., Frey, Markus, Bartels-Rausch, Thorsten, Cardon, Catherine, TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), and Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)

Subjects
[SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes
Abstract

International audience; The cold regions on Earth are undergoing significant climate change. Yet many underlying chemical, biological, and physical processes and feedbacks are still poorly understood strongly motivating continued research in cold regions. Such research inherently requires cooperation among researchers and programs across national boundaries to achieve science objectives. CATCH is an emerging activity of the IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry) project and is endorsed by SOLAS (Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study). CATCH facilitates interdisciplinary and international research with a focus on interactions between snow, ice, ocean, aerosols, and clouds in cold regions. CATCH science addresses cold region research challenges to help reduce model uncertainties and improve climate predictions. Here we give an overview of scientific aims and strategy to develop collaborative research teams and projects. Particular areas of interest include: sea ice changes, atmosphere-ice-ocean interactions and their impacts on atmospheric chemistry; feedbacks between climate change and atmospheric chemistry mediated by changes in the cryosphere; the production, processing and climate impacts of aerosols and cloud precursors; ice cores as archives of past environmental change, and the influence of background atmospheric chemistry on the fate of pollution. CATCH seeks to link research on a fundamental, molecular level with larger scales targeted by field and satellite observations, as well as modeling.

Published
2018

8. Atmospheric chemistry processes: general discussion

Author

Steven S. Brown, Alla Zelenyuk, Roderic L. Jones, Jing Dou, Mathew J. Evans, Dwayne E. Heard, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Jonathan Williams, Alexander T. Archibald, Stephen Arnold, A. R. Ravishankara, Jesse H. Kroll, C. N. Hewitt, Rebecca L. Caravan, Jacqueline F. Hamilton, Andreas Petzold, Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Daniel A. Knopf, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Christopher J. Kampf, Lucy J. Carpenter, Christian George, Jos Lelieveld, Rabi Chhantyal-Pun, Eloise A. Marais, Colette L. Heald, Craig A. Taatjes, Max R. McGillen, Jacinta Edebeli, Andreas Wahner, Thorsten Bartels-Rausch, Yinon Rudich, Markus Kalberer, Andrew R. Rickard, Hugh Coe, Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts, Department of Chemistry [Cambridge, UK], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories (WACL), University of York [York, UK], Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Cambridge] (CEE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K, University of Helsinki, Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik - Max Planck Institute of Biophysics (MPIBP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Combustion, Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS), Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Colorado State University [Pueblo] (CSUPueblo), Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research [Rehovot], and Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël]

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Atmospheric chemistry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Environmental science, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atmospheric sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

9. Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX

Author

Hugh Coe, Paul I. Williams, James Allan, Gordon McFiggans, Colin D. O'Dowd, Keith Bower, David Topping, Michael Flynn, Manuel Dall'Osto, M. R. Alfarra, Roy M. Harrison, David C. S. Beddows, EGU, Publication, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEAES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Department of Physics [NUI Galway], National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Department of Physics, and University of Wales

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, food.ingredient, sea, ho2, Intertidal zone, Surf zone, chemistry, Atmospheric sciences, food, Mass transfer, molecular-iodine, cloud, north-atlantic, Air mass, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Chemistry, Sea salt, size distributions, emissions, Aerosol, marine boundary-layer, mass-spectrometer, Climatology, Particle, Outflow
Abstract

Aerosol number concentrations and size distributions from 3 nm to 20 µm diameter were measured at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station, Co. Galway, Ireland, a coastal site on the eastern seaboard of the north Atlantic Ocean. Both on and offline size resolved aerosol composition measurements were also made using an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and ion chromatographic analysis of daily samples collected using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI). Particle number concentrations, size distributions and AMS measurements were determined at 7 and 22 m above ground level to investigate local effects on the aerosol size distribution induced by the tidal zone. During periods of new particle formation ultrafine particle number concentrations are large and variable, however, outside these periods no variability in particle number was observed at any size, nor was the particle composition variable. Analysis of particle size distributions show that within each air mass observed particle number concentrations were very consistent. During anticyclonic periods and conditions of continental outflow Aitken and accumulation mode were enhanced by a factor of 5 compared to the marine sector, whilst coarse mode particles were enhanced during westerly conditions. Baseline marine conditions were rarely met at Mace Head during NAMBLEX and high wind speeds were observed for brief periods only. Loss rates of gaseous species to aerosol surfaces were calculated for a range of uptake coefficients. Even when the accommodation coefficient is unity, lifetimes of less than 100 s were never observed and rarely were lifetimes less than 500 s. Diffusional limitation to mass transfer is important in most conditions as the coarse mode is always significant, we calculate a minimum overestimate of 50% in the loss rate if this is neglected and so it should always be considered when calculating loss rates of gaseous species to particle surfaces. HO2 and HOI have accommodation coefficients of around 0.03 and hence we calculate lifetimes due to loss to particle surfaces of 2000 s or greater. Aerosol composition measurements using the AMS show accumulation mass modes of acidified sulphate and organic material, both of which have the same shape and are centred at around 350 nm vacuum aerodynamic diameter, implying an internal mixture. The organic and sulphate are approximately equally important, though the mass ratio varies considerably between air masses. Mass spectral fingerprints of the organic fraction in polluted conditions are similar to those observed at other locations that are characterised by aged continental aerosol. Even in marine conditions a background concentration of between 0.5 and 1 µg m−3 of both organic and sulphate was observed. Key differences in the mass spectra were observed during the few clean periods but were insufficient to ascertain whether these changes reflect differences in the source fingerprint of the organic aerosol. However, in an accompanying paper (Dall'Osto et al., 2005) periods of organic dominated aerosol particles were also observed and could be separated from the aged continental aerosol. The coarse mode was composed of sea salt and showed significant displacement of chloride by nitrate and to a lesser extent sulphate in polluted conditions.

Published
2006

10. Fostering multidisciplinary research on interactions between chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system

Author

Jennie L. Thomas, Jochen Stutz, Markus M. Frey, Thorsten Bartels-Rausch, Katye Altieri, Foteini Baladima, Jo Browse, Manuel Dall’Osto, Louis Marelle, Jeremie Mouginot, Jennifer G. Murphy, Daiki Nomura, Kerri A. Pratt, Megan D. Willis, Paul Zieger, Jon Abbatt, Thomas A. Douglas, Maria Cristina Facchini, James France, Anna E. Jones, Kitae Kim, Patricia A. Matrai, V. Faye McNeill, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Paul Shepson, Nadja Steiner, Kathy S. Law, Steve R. Arnold, Bruno Delille, Julia Schmale, Jeroen E. Sonke, Aurélien Dommergue, Didier Voisin, Megan L. Melamed, Jessica Gier, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Los Angeles] (AOS), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, UCLA Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering (JIFRESSE), University of California-University of California-NASA, British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry [Villigen] (LUC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Department of Oceanography [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Geography and Environmental Science [Cornwall], University of Exeter, Biologia Marina i Oceanografia [Barcelona], Instituto de Ciencias del Mar de Barcelona (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Earth System Science [Irvine] (ESS), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), Department of Chemistry [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences [Hakodate], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Arctic Research Center [Sapporo], Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Department of Chemistry [Ann Arbor], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry [Stockholm] (ACES), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, ERDC Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), USACE Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima [Bologna] (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Department of Earth Sciences [Egham], Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering [New York], Columbia University [New York], Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Chemistry [West Lafayette], Purdue University [West Lafayette], Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [West Lafayette] (EAPS), School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences [Stony Brook] (SoMAS), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), Institute of Ocean Sciences [Sidney] (IOS), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Unité d'Océanographie Chimique, Interfacultary Center for Marine Research (MARE), Université de Liège-Université de Liège, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-NASA, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), International Global Atmospheric Chemistry, International Arctic Science Committee, and European Commission

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Environmental Engineering, Atmospheric chemistry, modeling chemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, snow photochemistry, aerosol, arctic sea-ice, Earth science, Stakeholder engagement, Cryosphere, Science coordiation, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, ice-nucleating particles, black carbon, Oceanography, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Anthropocene, Multidisciplinary approach, 14. Life underwater, photochemical production, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, lcsh:GE1-350, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ecology, dome c, Chemistry, Global warming, boundary-layer, Geology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Snow, nitrogen-oxides, 13. Climate action
Abstract

15 pages, 2 figures, The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric composition, which for example is observed in the large influence of ice and snow on polar boundary layer chemistry. Atmospheric inputs to the cryosphere, including aerosols, nutrients, and contaminants, are also changing in the anthropocene thus driving cryosphere-atmosphere feedbacks whose understanding is crucial for understanding future climate. Here, we present the Cryosphere and ATmospheric Chemistry initiative (CATCH) which is focused on developing new multidisciplinary research approaches studying interactions of chemistry, biology, and physics within the coupled cryosphere – atmosphere system and their sensitivity to environmental change. We identify four key science areas: (1) micro-scale processes in snow and ice, (2) the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system, (3) cryospheric change and feedbacks, and (4) improved decisions and stakeholder engagement. To pursue these goals CATCH will foster an international, multidisciplinary research community, shed light on new research needs, support the acquisition of new knowledge, train the next generation of leading scientists, and establish interactions between the science community and society, CATCH is sponsored by the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) project igacproject.org, the International Surface Ocean – Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project solas-int.org, and the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC, iasc.info). Support for CATCH activities has been provided by the French Chantier Arctique Project Pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS). This work was supported by the H2020 ERA-PLANET (689443) iCUPE project

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