Search

Until now, a lot of research has been carried out which significantly helped in understanding and solving the problem of obesity. Despite this, there has been an upward in obesity trend at the global level. The role of laboratory diagnostics in the field of obesity is of great importance to doctors for establishing a diagnosis and monitoring the effects of therapy. Determining biochemical parameters also contributes to practical usefulness in the prevention of this disease, and prevention of consequent complications. Routinely available biochemical analyses are usually used to diagnose and monitor the effects of obesity therapy. The initial association related to laboratory analyses refers to parameters of lipid status, but there are a variety of routine laboratory parameters that can help in understanding and monitoring obesity from different angles. Timely and adequate management of obesity is also of interest from an economic aspect. For this reason, the topic of this research is to summarize the latest aspects of the concept of obesity, specifically from the point of view of biochemistry and laboratory diagnostics. Taking into account the complexity of this disease, it is important to point out the future perspectives and challenges that inevitably arise before both laboratory professionals and healthcare providers in general.

Copyright of Zdravotnicke listy is the property of Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin, Faculty of Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses main directions and stages of the 45 years of Legionnaires disease study. Analysis of epidemiology and laboratory diagnostics of infection show as unknown until 1976 microorganism occupied a notable niche in the etiology of severe pneumonia. Control and monitoring of potential dangerous water systems, generating water aerosol containing Legionella in high concentration, plays a major role in the prevention of Legionnaires disease.

Simple Summary: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neoplasm that is responsible for a fair proportion of thyroid carcinoma related deaths. The current diagnostic and therapeutic standards are not always effective and need to be upgraded. The role of biomarkers and immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of MTC is highlighted. Opportunities for improved diagnostics have been seen with the development of nuclear medicine. Some studies have highlighted the possibility of reducing the number of complications during surgical treatment, which is the basic therapeutic method in patients with MTC. Current pharmacotherapy is imperfect, but there is ongoing research into the use of new, more selective drugs. The following paper discusses recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MTC. Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neoplasm originating from parafollicular C cells. MTC is a rare disease, but its prognosis is less favorable than that of well-differentiated thyroid cancers. To improve the prognosis of patients with MTC, early diagnosis and prompt therapeutic management are crucial. In the following paper, recent advances in laboratory and imaging diagnostics and also pharmacological and surgical therapies of MTC are discussed. Currently, a thriving direction of development for laboratory diagnostics is immunohistochemistry. The primary imaging modality in the diagnosis of MTC is the ultrasound, but opportunities for development are seen primarily in nuclear medicine techniques. Surgical management is the primary method of treating MTCs. There are numerous publications concerning the stratification of particular lymph node compartments for removal. With the introduction of more effective methods of intraoperative parathyroid identification, the complication rate of surgical treatment may be reduced. The currently used pharmacotherapy is characterized by high toxicity. Moreover, the main limitation of current pharmacotherapy is the development of drug resistance. Currently, there is ongoing research on the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), highly specific RET inhibitors, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. These new therapies may improve the prognosis of patients with MTCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was identified to be responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. There are striking differences in the response to infection, some people develop no or mild symptoms, while other outcomes are severe of even fatal. For those COVID-19 patients who require hospitalization, prognostic markers could help clinicians to identify patients with a poor outcome early. The serum levels of the immune activation marker neopterin have already been shown to be of prognostic value in patients with SARS-CoV-1 and a similar pattern can be observed for SARS-CoV-2. This comment discusses the biochemical circuits that support the clinical value of neopterin measurements in COVID-19 patients.

(1) Background: Scleroderma (Sc) is a rare connective tissue disease classified as an autoimmune disorder. The pathogenesis of this disease is not fully understood. (2) Methods: This article reviews the literature on systemic scleroderma (SSc). A review of available scientific articles was conducted using the PubMed database with a time range of January 1985 to December 2021. (3) Results and Conclusions: The article is a review of information on epidemiology, criteria for diagnosis, pathogenesis, a variety of clinical pictures and the possibility of laboratory diagnostic in the diagnosis and monitoring of systemic scleroderma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a group of tumors with different clinical manifestations, various localizations in the human body, and a particularly wide range of histological types, grades and severities. Their diagnosis and therapeutic management are complex. Current standards are not always effective, and sometimes require modifications. Thus, knowledge about GEP-NENs and approaches for the treatment of these patients in Europe and all over the world are constantly evolving. The aim of this review is to highlight the progress in diagnostics and treatment of GEP-NENs. Special attention is given to GEP-NETs as the most widely reported in the literature. Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are an increasingly common cause of neoplastic diseases. One of the largest groups of NENs are neoplasms localized to the gastroenteropancreatic system, which are known as gastroenteropancreatic NENs (GEP-NENs). Because of nonspecific clinical symptoms, GEP-NEN patient diagnosis and, consequently, their treatment, might be difficult and delayed. This situation has forced researchers all over the world to continue progress in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with GEP-NENs. Our review is designed to present the latest reports on the laboratory diagnostic techniques, imaging tests and surgical and nonsurgical treatment strategies used for patients with these rare neoplasms. We paid particular attention to the nuclear approach, the use of which has been applied to GEP-NEN patient diagnosis, and to nonsurgical and radionuclide treatment strategies. Recent publications were reviewed in search of reports on new strategies for effective disease management. Attention was also paid to those studies still in progress, but with successful results. A total of 248 papers were analyzed, from which 141 papers most relevant to the aim of the study were selected. Using these papers, we highlight the progress in the development of diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients with GEP-NENs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne single-stranded RNA neurotropic virus within the family Flaviviridae. The virus was first reported in the West Nile province of Uganda in 1937. Since then, sporadic cases have been reported until the last two decades when it has emerged as a threat to public health. The emergence of WNV with more severity in recent times is intriguing. Considering this phenomenon, the WNV-affected areas of the world were distinguished as old versus new in a depicted world map. The present review showcases the historical and epidemiological perspectives of the virus, genetic diversity of prevailing lineages and clinical spectrum associated with its infection. Emergence of the virus has been discussed in special context to India because of co-circulation of different WNV lineages/strains along with other flaviviruses. Recent laboratory diagnostics, vaccine development and clinical management associated with WNV infection have also been discussed. Further, the research gaps, especially in context to India have been highlighted that may have a pivotal role in combating the spread of WNV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Veterinarska Stanica is the property of Croatian Veterinary Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The modern health care is characterized by constant increasing need in laboratory tests. The quality and accessibility of laboratory diagnostics becomes one of key determinants of social well-being in aspect of maintaining population health. The purpose of the study is in developing system of criteria and indicators of accessibility of laboratory diagnostics applicable in organization of health care at the level of the Subject of the Russian Federation. The methods. The study was carried out based on principles of system approach. The methodological approach developed by Professor O. Yu. Alexandrova was applied. The analytical research methods (analysis, synthesis) were implemented. The results and discussion. The set of criteria, including three groups of measurable indicators, applicable in the field of laboratory diagnostics was developed. The original approach to determine time indicators of laboratory tests accessibility was proposed. The system can be applied as organizational technology permitting to establish specific requirements for laboratory diagnostics accessibility at the level of the Subject of the Russian Federation. These requirements can be included in local normative legal acts. The conclusions. The developed system of criteria and indicators of laboratory diagnostics accessibility can be used in development of medical care system that meets the best of characteristics and needs of particular Subject of the Russian Federation.

Abstract. The results of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory investigation of outbreak of exanthemic infection occurred in the Lomonosov district of Leningrad oblast in May, 2012 are presented in this article. The clinical diagnosis of parvoviral infection was laboratory confirmed by specific IgM antibodies detection in patients’ sera by ELISA. It is emphasized the importance of virological monitoring for viral infections on the stage of measles elimination and sporadic level of rubella cases.

Abstract. In the third part of the review different methods of diagnostics of postnatal and congenital rubella as well as surveillance tactics and infection control are discussed.

The paper present the perspectives and the possible benefits of the POCT tests, conducted outside of the clinical laboratories. Laboratory tests are objective in their character, which is one of the main reasons for the constant increase in the number of laboratory tests. The fast development of the technology in clinical laboratories, leads to the constant introduction of new markers, as well as the methods and equipment for the establishment of their values. Moving the laboratory diagnostics closer to the patient’s location (point of care testing) is a new tendency in the policy of health care. The tendency may be applied and is expanding, because of the fast development of biotechnologies. In a worldwide scale, POCT is essential for the public health care.

The presence of certain infection in potential organ donors is significant problem for Russian Transplantology. The increase in detection of donor’s infections could be due to increase in general donor’s pool and also to utili- zation of modern diagnostic screening. We should strictly define which infections carry a real threat to recipients and which are not. In the present paper we did the literature review which we believe will help us to solve the problem.

In the modern world, education is becoming one of the most important factors of economic development, social stability and the development of civil society. Some of the main challenges of modern public policy, national priority, goals for the state national security and condition of implementation of the right to education are improving the quality of education and equal access to it. Ukraine pledged to modernize its own educational activities in the context of general European requirements, adhering to the Bologna Process in May 2005. Objective of article: To demonstrate the topicality and the need of introduction of qualified personnel in laboratory diagnostic two-level training system, considering the current education integration of Ukraine into the European Higher Education Environment. The recognition of a two-level training system of specialists with higher education as a global standard made adaptation of the national education to requirements of modernity actual. In Ukraine, the educational qualification (EQ) "bachelor" and "master" are differentiated into a basic higher education (which allows specialists to solve typical professional tasks) and complete higher education (with obtaining in-depth knowledge of special skills and innovative methods of solution for the high-level professional problems). The Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated March 17, 2011 № 267 in the "List of directions and specialties, which are used for training professionals in higher education on appropriate education and skill levels" provides for training of masters in the specialty 8.12010007 "Laboratory diagnostic" (direction "Medicine"), full-time form of education. The increasing level of challenges, that laboratory service fulfills, can be provided only by highly qualified personnel, which is capable to perform the correct analysis technically and competently, allowing to draw fully valid conclusion and to make the laboratory diagnosis. But, nowadays only 50-60% of the positions of laboratory doctors are occupied by trained specialists and 40-50% (sometimes more) – by specialists without medical education, that had only a short period (5 months) of training at appropriate departments of Postgraduate Medical Institutes. Currently, qualification "Bachelor" on specialty "Laboratory diagnosis" can be received at three medical universities of Ukraine (Zaporizhzhia, Kharkiv and Bukovina), two classical universities (Dnipropetrovsk, Luhansk) and National University of Pharmacy. It was for the first time that in the 2012-2013 academic year, in the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, two universities (Zaporizhzhia State Medical University and the National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv) held sets of students to the magistracy of students with qualification "bachelor" in "Laboratory diagnostic". Finally, it should be noted that training of qualified personnel in laboratory diagnosis is topical problem that requires urgent solution in Ukraine. Accordingly universities are required to organize the training process according to the Bologna Declaration that provides for the preparation of the competitive professionals of this field in country. Conclusions: Two-level training of highly qualified specialists in laboratory diagnostic is the topical need for the adaptation of national higher education to the requirements of the European Higher Education Environment. 2. Preparation of specialists in laboratory diagnostic with educational levels "bachelor" and "master" is up-to-date, especially during the reformation of health care system in Ukraine.

A tuberculose é uma doença de importância mundial e há alguns anos, em muitos países, foi quase erradicada, mas, com o advento da Aids, novos casos da doença começaram a ocorrer, com o agravante do surgimento de cepas resistentes a diversos antimicrobianos. Concomitantemente a este aumento na incidência de tuberculose, as metodologias diagnósticas apresentaram avanços consideráveis, e atualmente existem diversas metodologias manuais ou automatizadas para um diagnóstico mais rápido das infecções por micobactérias. Um dos sistemas semi-automatizados, o Bactec 460 (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD), é utilizado para detectar a presença de micobactérias em espécimes clínicos, realizar testes de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e fazer a diferenciação entre micobactérias do complexo tuberculosis e as não-pertencentes a este complexo, diminuindo o tempo do processo em vários dias. O intuito deste trabalho foi verificar o impacto ocasionado com a introdução de um sistema semi-automatizado na rotina do laboratório. No período de janeiro a junho de 1995, foram processadas, pelo método tradicional de cultura em meio de Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ), 326 amostras, das quais 39 (12%) foram positivas, sendo 77% destas identificadas como Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Do total de amostras positivas para M. tuberculosis, 29 (74,3%) apresentaram um prazo de detecção superior a 30 dias. No mesmo período, no ano de 1997, com a introdução do sistema semi-automatizado, foram processadas 340 amostras, das quais 50 (14,7%) foram positivas, sendo 46% destas identificadas como Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O tempo médio para detecção do crescimento das amostras positivas para M. tuberculosis foi de 12 dias. A implantação do sistema automatizado para culturas de micobactérias proporcionou um aumento no número de isolamento de diferentes espécies, em diversos materiais clínicos, com diminuição no tempo de detecção, além de oferecer maior segurança para os técnicos durante a realização destes procedimentos.Tuberculosis is a disease of worldwide importance and several years ago in many countries the disease was almost eradicated. With the advent of Aids infection, new cases of the disease started to emerge with the appearance of multiple drug resistant strains. Together with the increase in tuberculosis cases, diagnostic methodologies showed an advance and nowadays there are several manual and automated methodologies for the diagnosis of these infections. The Bactec 460 (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Systems, Sparks, MD) system is used for the direct detection of mycobacteria in clinical specimens, for susceptibility testing against tuberculostatic drugs and differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from other species not of the complex, shortening the process in several days. In this study we evaluated the impact of the introduction of an automated system. In the period of January to June 1995, 326 specimens were processed using the traditional methodology of culture in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ). Thirty-nine (12%) were positive being 77% of these identified as M. tuberculosis. Of the total of 39 positive cultures for M. tuberculosis, 29 (74.3%) showed a time for detection greater than 30 days. In the same period in the year of 1997 with the introduction of the semiautomated system, 340 specimens were processed of which 50 (14.7%) were positive being 46% of these M. tuberculosis. The mean time for detection of positive cultures for M. tuberculosis was 12 days. The use of the automated system for culture of mycobacteria showed an increase in the number of different species isolated from different specimens, decreasing the time for detection and allowing a better and safe condition for technicians while executing theses procedures.

One of the greatest challenges of modern laboratory diagnostic is selection of methods and procedures for fast and reliable diagnostic. Contemporary laboratory diagnostic is faced with the request to develop the technologies for rapid detection of agents and identification of biological features, as for example pathogenicity, group affiliation, sensitivity, or even genetic sequencing. Beside the aforementioned requests, laboratory diagnostic must implement numerous international standards and apply the principles of good laboratory practice. By compliance to international standards, i.e. good laboratory practice, laboratory diagnostic has considerably been improved, especially regarding the validity of the obtained results. With the aim to improve laboratory diagnostic of infectious diseases in veterinary medicine, this paper presents the demands of the standard SRPS ISO/IEC 17025:2006 (General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories), SRPS ISO 15189:2008 (Medical Laboratories – Particular Requirements for Quality and Competence) as well as the demands of World Organization for Animal Health (O.I.E). Implementation of these standards is presented through the procedures of laboratory diagnostic of most important bacterial and viral animal infections on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. This paper presents the demands regarding the reference material, equipment, workspace and staff, for the laboratory diagnostic of the following diseases: anthrax, leptospirosis, paratuberculosis, Q fever, chlamydiosis, tuberculosis, mycoplasmosis, brucellosis, listeriosis, pasteureliosis, salmonellosis, clostridiosis, Aujeszky’s disease, blue tongue, rabies, infectious bronchitis in poultry, influenza, atypical poultry plague, infectious bursitis, Mareck’s disease, bovine viral diarrhea, enzootic bovine leukosis, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, equine infectious anemia, equine rhinopneumonitis, equine viral arteritis, maedi-visna, classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

This study aims to gather observational evidence of Whole Genome Sequencing's (WGS) impact in the pathogen identification, antimicrobial resistance profiling and transmission tracking from its users' observation within the diagnostic setting of the European reference laboratories for tuberculosis. Sixteen laboratories that have been utilising WGS in their tuberculosis diagnostic laboratory were invited and twelve (75%) responded to our online questionnaire. Key findings include its primary utilisation for drug resistance prediction and epidemiological services; Mtb surveillance and outbreak investigation. 92% reported significant improvements to the performance of TB drug resistance testing and the reduction of false clustering. Despite the public health benefits of the WGS technology was largely positive in non-tuberculous mycobacteria disease management, multidrug-resistant TB patient management, reputational aspects and turnaround times, further studies are required to review the financial impact as various regulations and service aspects have added to the complexity to disentangle this aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background and Objectives: one of the endemic foci for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran is Mashhad in which limited outbreak have recently been reported. The commonly used method for diagnosis is the clinical features confirmed by direct microspic examination and culture or biopsy. We compared these two tests to determine the level of their sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. Material and Methods: we performed this comparative-analytic study on 73 patients suspected of having ulcers Leishmaniasis in Mashhad, Iran. Giemsa was staining the smears and the samples cultivated on Di-phasic N.N.N. culture media . Analysis was performed by SPSS version 11.5 and Chi square test. A P- value less than 0.05 were considered as a significant. Results: In 43 cases (58.9%), both the smear and culture are Positive. In 13 cases (17.8%), the smear is negative but the culture Positive. In 17 cases (23.2%), both smear and culture are negative. The two methods are positively correlated (82%). Sensitivity, Specifity, Positive predictive Value and negative predictive value are 76.7%, 100%, 100% and 56.7%., respectively. Conclusion: when the smear is positive, there is no need for culture. However, the opposite is not true. Key words: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Laboratory Diagnostic, Direct Microspic Examination, Culture.

Porphyrias form a heterogeneous group of disorders of haem biosynthesis. They are often missed or wrongly diagnosed in the emergency department. Acute porphyrias present most commonly as abdominal pain or as neurological or atypical psychiatric symptoms. The variety of clinical features may delay diagnosis, and unrecognized disease is potentially life-threatening. The frequency and severity of attacks vary widely. In some people, this disease remains latent throughout life, even in the presence of precipitating factors. Other people experience frequent and sometimes life-threatening attacks even in the apparent absence of exogenous precipitating factors. Laboratory diagnosis of acute porphyria includes porphyrin precursors delta aminolevulic acid and porphobilinogen. Patients presenting with acute crises often have several-fold increases in PBG above the reference interval, usually > 10 times the upper reference limit. Hyponatremia and rabdomyolysis are relatively common manifestation accompanying acute attack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular genetic monitoring of natural focal of tick-borne infections in the epidemic season of 2018 revealed infectiousness of ixodid ticks causative agents of tick-borne encephalitis (0.58% of cases), Lyme disease (31% of cases), human monocytic ehrlichiosis (1.6% of cases) and granulocytic anaplasmosis (3.9% of cases) is registered and also co-infections of ticks by these infections (2.9% of cases) is revealed in natural and anthropourgic foci (B. burgdorferi s.l.+A. phagocytophilum, B. burgdorferi s.l.+E. chaffeensis/E. muris and B. burgdorferi s.l.+tick-borne encephalitis virus). The major epidemiological importance of ticks of the species I. persulcatus is found, their share being 87,6%. The majority of patients being bitten by a tick were from the southern and southeast areas of Primorye. Contamination of ticks with Borrelia was revealed not only in I. persulcatus, but also in ticks of the Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor. The infectiousness of ticks of B. burgdorferi s.l. (42,3%), tick-borne encephalitis virus (7,7%) and A. phagocytophilum (15,4%) was highest on Russky Island., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Errors associated with the labelling of laboratory specimens repeatedly occur in health facilities and are often described in Critical Incident Reporting Systems (CIRS). The analysis of these error reports and the complexity of the specimen collection process pose major challenges for responsible health care professionals. To examine which errors occur in the labelling of laboratory specimens, and what leads to their detection, the error reports of 42 Swiss hospitals within the Critical Incident Reporting & Reaching NETwork (CIRRNET) were systematically analysed., Method: Within the scope of a reporting month in the year 2016, 42 hospitals were asked to pay particular attention to the issue of mislabelled laboratory specimens, to report these errors in the local CIRS system, and to forward the information to the CIRRNET database. In addition, using a systematic keyword search, a search for old error reports on the mislabelling of laboratory specimens was conducted in the CIRRNET database and the results extracted. 227 error reports were finally included in the analysis. All these error reports were analysed systematically and by content, and the problem areas described in these reports allocated to newly defined categories. The systematic analysis included: the time of error detection, the problem area described, the length of time between error occurrence and error detection, as well as possible safety barriers., Results: The majority (52 %) of labelling errors of laboratory specimens are detected in the laboratory, 21.1 % on the hospital ward before the specimens are sent to the laboratory to be processed, and a further 24.7 % at a very late stage when test results are associated with the patient on the ward. The analysis of the problem areas described showed that patient identification (7.9 %) was a key issue. The most frequent errors occurred in connection with the labelling of laboratory test tubes (45.4 %) and analysis forms or requisition slips (33 %). Numerous errors went undetected throughout the entire process, i.e. right up until the moment when the test result was finally assigned to the patient. The analysis also provided information about possible safety barriers for future prevention of laboratory specimen mislabelling., Conclusions: A content-analysis approach is essential to the evaluation of error reports as it is the only way to identify all the problems of laboratory specimen mislabelling described. Furthermore, a deductive approach also facilitates the identification of possible safety barriers. The findings provide valuable information for mislabelling prevention approaches that is not otherwise available. Further analysis of error reports from Critical Incident Reporting Systems is necessary in order to gain more experience with the methodical approach and to draw conclusions as to whether the complex process of analysing each individual error report yields information that is more useful than the analysis of the error reports of an identified problem area., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier GmbH.)

The article presents decade dynamics of hemogram of workers started their labor activity in factories of terephthalic acid, purifed terephthalic acid and polyethylene terephthalate. The study established a hemodynamics depended on career pattern, characterizing hematologic shifts i.e. decreasing of content of red blood elements, adaptative compensatory reactions of white blood, increasing of sensitization and allergizing., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in all countries. In the nearest years an increasing of patients with the given pathology is prognosticated. Nowadays, development of disease is related to alteration of interleukin profile in lacrimal fluid. however, diagnostic significance of interleukins is studied insufficiently. The purpose of study. To determine diagnostic significance of interleukins on a local level for amelioration of diagnostic and prognostication of development of glaucoma. The content of interleukins in lacrimal fluid was analyzed in 80 patients with glaucoma stage II and 45 healthy individuals using technique of sandwich-linked enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with calculation of informativeness of indices of immunity. The results. The analysis established high diagnostic significance of IL-2, IL-17, IL-8 for verification of glaucoma. They are proposed to be applied in laboratory diagnostic and prognostication of disease. The developed regression model ensures with high accuracy prognostication of development of glaucoma in case of increased level of IL-2, IL-17, IL-8., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The article presents the results of studies of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the E.I. Martcinovskii institute of medical parasitology, tropical and transmissive diseases related to diagnostic of human dirofilariasis brought in by Dirofilaria repens. During last 15 years, 165 cases were diagnosed. The most of dirofilaria (89.7%) migrated and localized superficially under skin or mucous membrane: on the head in 88 cases and out of them 43.6% in the area of eye-socket, in 25 cases on the body out of them 4 on genitalia, in 35 cases under skin of extremities. In 1 cases dirofilaria migrated to inner organs: 10 in lungs, 4 in pleura, 1 in small intestine, 1 in omentum. In case of pleuropulmonary localization the disease was taking its course under mask of tuberculoma malignant tumor, exudative pleurisy, neoplasm of obscure etiology., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The information about manifestations and possible associations of reoviral infection is covered. The original results of studying prevalence, clinical significance and possibilities of serodiagnostic of reoviral infection under various pathological conditions. It is demonstrated that reoviral infection is widespread among adult population (60.6%) and children (48.7%). It is established that with age seroprevalence to reoviruses increases. The etiological significance of retroviruses under various acute diseases predominantly respiratory ones is substantiated. It is established that average titer of antibodies to reoviruses increases in children with acute hepatitis of unclear etiology and in adults with chronic non-tumorous diseases of liver. The significance of studying of pair serums in diagnostic of reoviral infection is emphasized having regard to high level of seroprevalence., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The article presents the results of two-year analysis of experience of application of standards of laboratory diagnostic of rheumatic diseases according data of clinical diagnostic laboratory and rheumatic department of the N.N. Burdenko Penzenskaia oblast clinical hospital. The sampling included 2363 examined patients. It was implemented 18 737 analyses i.e. in average 7.9 analyses per one patient. Out of them, tests of detection of auto antibodies consisted 42% (7871), proteins of acute phase - 13.2% (2480), intoxication syndrome - 11.2% (2098). other types of immune diagnostic - 33.6% (6288). The information markers of diagnostic, process activity, severity of course, prognosis and effectiveness of applied therapy are singled out. The conclusions about purpose and evaluation of results of laboratory studies are made., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is a rather rare form of pathology even in practice of specialized oncological hematological departments. The data of cytometry analysis of 2363 patients monitored from 2007 to 2014 carried out in The Dmitrii Rogachev Federal research clinical center of children hematology, oncology and immunology and The academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg state medical university was used to diagnose acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. The corresponding diagnosis was established in 24 patients of various age categories, including 16 children (11 boys and 5 girls) and 8 adults (ratio male/female 1:1). The trisomy on chromosome 21 was revealed only in 4 children out of 13 of early age (younger than 3 years). The article describes characteristics of samples taking preparation and interpretation of data of multicolor with regard to experience of national and foreign colleges., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.