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1. Study of the Kinetics of the Determinants of Performance During a Mountain Ultramarathon:Multidisciplinary Protocol of the First Trail Scientifique de Clécy 2021

Author: Benoit Mauvieux, Corentin Hingrand, Joffrey Drigny, Amir Hodzic, Pauline Baron, Rémy Hurdiel, Romain Jouffroy, Jean-Charles Vauthier, Mathias Pessiglione, Antonius Wiehler, Francis Degache, Sébastien Pavailler, Elsa Heyman, Mathilde Plard, Philippe Noirez, Blaise Dubois, Jean François Esculier, Anh Phong Nguyen, Joachim Van Cant, Olivier Roy Baillargeon, Benoit Pairot de Fontenay, Pierre Louis Delaunay, Stéphane Besnard, Université de Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Mobilités : Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé [COMETE], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations [CESP], Institut de recherche biomédicale et d’épidémiologie du sport [IRMES - URP_7329], Université de Lorraine [UL], Motivation, cerveau et comportement = Motivation, Brain and Behavior [ICM Paris] [MBB], Center for NeuroImaging Research-Human MRI Neuroimaging core facility for clinical research [ICM Paris] [CENIR], Institute of Sport Sciences of University of Lausanne [ISSUL], Espaces et Sociétés [ESO], Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Société - EA 7507 [PSMS], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain [UCL], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité [LIBM ], Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles [CHU Caen], Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group, Mobilités : Vieillissement, Pathologie, Santé (COMETE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de recherche biomédicale et d’épidémiologie du sport (IRMES - URP_7329), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (Nantes Univ - IGARUN), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Société - EA 7507 (PSMS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: cognition, self-esteem, [SHS.STAT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics, General Medicine, trail-running, sleep deprivation, biomechanics, ultramarathon, sports physiology, blood biology, muscular function, motivation, fatigue
Abstract: Background The growing interest of the scientific community in trail running has highlighted the acute effects of practice at the time of these races on isolated aspects of physiological and structural systems; biological, physiological, cognitive, and muscular functions; and the psychological state of athletes. However, no integrative study has been conducted under these conditions with so many participants and monitoring of pre-, per-, and postrace variables for up to 10 days over a distance close to 100 miles. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of the performance parameters during a 156 km trail run and 6000 m of elevation gain in pre-, per-, and postrace conditions. The general hypothesis is based on significant alterations in the psychological, physiological, mechanical, biological, and cognitive parameters. Methods The Trail Scientifique de Clécy took place on November 11, 2021. This prospective experimental study provides a comprehensive exploration of the constraints and adaptations of psychophysiological and sociological variables assessed in real race conditions during a trail running of 156 km on hilly ground and 6000 m of elevation gain (D+). The study protocol allowed for repeatability of study measurements under the same experimental conditions during the race, with the race being divided into 6 identical loops of 26 km and 1000 m D+. Measurements were conducted the day before and the morning of the race, at the end of each lap, after a pit stop, and up to 10 days after the race. A total of 55 participants were included, 43 (78%) men and 12 (22%) women, who were experienced in ultra–trail-running events and with no contraindications to the practice of this sport. Results The launch of the study was authorized on October 26, 2021, under the trial number 21-0166 after a favorable opinion from the Comité de Protection des Personnes Ouest III (21.09.61/SIRIPH 2G 21.01586.000009). Of the 55 runners enrolled, 41 (75%) completed the race and 14 (25%) dropped out for various reasons, including gastric problems, hypothermia, fatigue, and musculoskeletal injuries. All the measurements for each team were completed in full. The race times (ie, excluding the measurements) ranged from 17.8206 hours for the first runner to 35.9225 hours for the last runner. The average time to complete all measurements for each lap was 64 (SD 3) minutes. Conclusions The Trail Scientifique de Clécy, by its protocol, allowed for a multidisciplinary approach to the discipline. This approach will allow for the explanation of the studied parameters in relation to each other and observation of the systems of dependence and independence. The initial results are expected in June 2022. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/38027
Published: 2022

2. Pro-oxidant/Antioxidant Balance During a Prolonged Exposure to Moderate Altitude in Athletes Exhibiting Exercise-Induced Hypoxemia at Sea-Level

Author: Antoine Raberin, Vincent Pialoux, Elie Nader, Gauthier Alfonsi, Fabienne Durand, Chantal L. Rytz, Jorge Lopez Ayerbe, Patrick Mucci, Laboratoire Européen Performance Santé Altitude (LEPSA), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, University of Calgary, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université de Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369, Laboratoire Européen Performance Santé Altitude [LEPSA], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité [LIBM ], Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 [URePSSS], Institut Universitaire de France [IUF], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.disease_cause, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Nitric oxide, Hypoxemia, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, arterial desaturation, oxidative stress, aerobic performance, lcsh:Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, chemistry.chemical_classification, reactive oxygen species, biology, business.industry, hypoxia, Glutathione peroxidase, Paleontology, 030229 sport sciences, Hypoxia (medical), Pro-oxidant, acclimatization, Endocrinology, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, biology.protein, lcsh:Q, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Respiratory minute volume, Oxidative stress
Abstract: This study examined to what extent athletes exhibiting exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH) possess an altered redox status at rest, in response to exercise at sea level (SL) and during moderate altitude exposure. EIH was defined as a fall in arterial O2 saturation of at least 4% during exercise. Nine endurance athletes with EIH and ten without (NEIH) performed a maximal incremental test under three conditions: SL, one (H1) and five (H2) days after arrival to 2400 m. Gas exchange and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) were continuously monitored. Blood was sampled before exercise and after exercise cessation. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), catalase, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) were measured in plasma by spectrophotometry. EIH athletes had higher AOPP and NOx concentrations at pre- and post-exercise stages compared to NEIH at SL, H2 but not at H1. Only the EIH group experienced increased SOD activity between pre- and post-exercise exercise at SL and H2 but not at H1. EIH athletes had exacerbated oxidative stress compared to the NEIH athletes at SL and H2. These differences were blunted at H1. Oxidative stress did not alter the EIH groups’ aerobic performance and could lead to higher minute ventilation at H2. These results suggest that higher oxidative stress response EIH athletes could be involved in improved aerobic muscle functionality and a greater ventilatory acclimatization during prolonged hypoxia.
Published: 2021

3. Vieillissement biologique du muscle squelettique chez l'Homme

Author: Decourt , Alice, Coudy-Gandilhon , Cécile, Roche , Frédéric, Barthélémy , Jean-Claude, Feasson , Léonard, Béchet , Daniel, Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet (Saint-Etienne), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Unité de Myologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne ( UNH ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes] ( INRA Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne ( CHU de Saint-Etienne ), EA 7424, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, lipid droplets, aging, fiber types, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, capillaries, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, skeletal muscle loss, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: Le thème des conférences portera sur : "La mobilité internationale pendant le doctorat"Le thème des conférences portera sur : "La mobilité internationale pendant le doctorat"; Vieillissement biologique du muscle squelettique chez l'Homme. Journée de la Recherche 2018, Ecole Doctorale Sciences, Ingénierie, Santé
Published: 2018

4. The sensory origin of the sense of effort is context-dependent

Author: Florian Monjo, Jonathan Shemmell, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: Adult, Male, media_common.quotation_subject, Context (language use), Sensory system, Isometric exercise, Vibration, Functional Laterality, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, Elbow Joint, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Spindles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Proprioception, Electromyography, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Efference copy, 030229 sport sciences, Test effort, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Female, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: The origin of the sense of effort has been debated for several decades and there is still no consensus among researchers regarding the underlying neural mechanisms. Some advocate that effort perception mainly arises from an efference copy originating within the brain while others believe that it is predominantly carried by muscle afferent signals. To move the debate forward, we here tested the hypothesis that there is not one but several senses of effort which depend on the way it is evaluated. For this purpose, we used two different psychophysical tests designed to test effort perception in elbow flexors. One was a bilateral isometric force-matching task in which subjects were asked to direct similar amounts of effort toward their two arms, while the other consisted of a unilateral voluntary isometric contraction in which subjects had to rate their perceived effort using a Borg scale. Throughout two distinct experiments, effort perception was evaluated before and following different tendon vibration protocols intended to differentially desensitize muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs, and to affect the gain between the central effort and muscle contraction intensity. By putting all the results together, we found that spindle afferents played divergent roles across tasks. Namely, while they only acted as modulators of motor pathway excitability during the bilateral task, they clearly intervened as the predominant psychobiological signal of effort perception during the unilateral task. Therefore, the sensory origin of the sense of effort is not central or peripheral. Rather, it is context-dependent.
Published: 2018

5. Muscle spindle thixotropy affects force perception through afferent-induced facilitation of the motor pathways as revealed by the Kohnstamm effect

Author: Nicolas Forestier, Florian Monjo, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Thixotropy, media_common.quotation_subject, Muscle spindle, Isometric exercise, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Perception, Isometric Contraction, medicine, Humans, Muscle Strength, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Spindles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Mathematics, Proprioception, Electromyography, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Motor Pathways, Biomechanical Phenomena, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Facilitation, Conditioning, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: This study was designed to explore the effects of intrafusal thixotropy, a property affecting muscle spindle sensitivity, on the sense of force. For this purpose, psychophysical measurements of force perception were performed using an isometric force matching paradigm of elbow flexors consisting of matching different force magnitudes (5, 10 and 20% of subjects' maximal voluntary force). We investigated participants' capacity to match these forces after their indicator arm had undergone voluntary isometric conditioning contractions known to alter spindle thixotropy, i.e., contractions performed at long ('hold long') or short muscle lengths ('hold short'). In parallel, their reference arm was conditioned at the intermediate muscle length ('hold-test') at which the matchings were performed. The thixotropy hypothesis predicts that estimation errors should only be observed at low force levels (up to 10% of the maximal voluntary force) with overestimation of the forces produced following 'hold short' conditioning and underestimation following 'hold long' conditioning. We found the complete opposite, especially following 'hold-short' conditioning where subjects underestimated the force they generated with similar relative error magnitudes across force levels. In a second experiment, we tested the hypothesis that estimation errors depended on the degree of afferent-induced facilitation using the Kohnstamm phenomenon as a probe of motor pathway excitability. Because the stronger post-effects were observed following 'hold-short' conditioning, it appears that the conditioning-induced excitation of spindle afferents leads to force misjudgments by introducing a decoupling between the central effort and the cortical motor outputs.
Published: 2018

6. Physical performance of high-level football matches, physiological incidences and influencing factors : special reference to the congested periods of matches

Author: Djaoui , Léo, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université de Lyon, Vincent Pialoux, Alexandre Dellal, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: Activity analysis, Fatigue perçue, Perceived exertion, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Heart rate, Analyse d'activité, [ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Fréquence cardiaque, Échantillon sanguin, Blood sample, Training load, Charge d'entrainement, Sport
Abstract: Modern football is characterized by very high-intensity intermittent efforts. During a match, players perform technical and physical tasks in relation to their specific positions on the field. A high-level football match induces heart-rate variations, energetic storage lowering, muscular damage and oxidative stress increase and immune status alteration. These physiological variations are accompanied by modifications of fatigue perceived, muscle soreness, wellness, sleep quality, psychological stress and overall mood. All these incidences can be measured, quantified and analyzed, in direct relation to contextual factors like game location, time of the day, playing system, …, and congested period of matches (e.g. two to three matches per week). The present thesis aims to report all the ways to monitor match load and fatigue and aims to analyze the influence of playing matches during congested periods on physical activity and on physiological post-match kinetics, over high-level football players; Le football moderne est caractérisé par des efforts intermittents de très haute intensité. Pendant un match, les joueurs réalisent des performances, qu'elles soient physiques ou techniques, en lien direct avec la spécificité de leur poste de jeu, leur rôle tactique et leur positionnement sur le terrain. Un match de football de haut niveau induit des variations de fréquence cardiaque, une baisse de réserves énergétiques, une augmentation des dommages musculaires, du stress oxydatif et une affectation du statut immunitaire. Incidences physiologiques auxquelles se rajoutent des modifications de perception de la fatigue, des douleurs musculaires, du bien-être, de la qualité du sommeil, du stress psychologique et de l'humeur. Toutes ces incidences se mesurent, se quantifient et s'analysent en lien direct avec des facteurs contextuels comme le lieu du match, le moment de la journée, le système de jeu, …, et les périodes d'enchainement de match (e.g. deux à trois matchs par semaine) qui peuvent avoir une influence significative. La présente thèse a pour objectif principal l'étude de l'influence de l'enchainement de matchs sur les performances physiques et sur les cinétiques de récupération mesurées sur des marqueurs sanguins, salivaires et des questionnaires de perception, sur des joueurs de football de haut-niveau
Published: 2017

7. HLA-DR expression on monocytes and outcome of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma

Author: Estelle Bourbon, Pierre Sesques, Morgane Gossez, Jérémie Tordo, Emmanuelle Ferrant, Violaine Safar, Florent Wallet, Guillaume Aussedat, Alizée Maarek, Fadhela Bouafia, Lionel Karlin, Dana Ghergus, Camille Golfier, Hélène Lequeu, Anne Lazareth, Vérane Schwiertz, Sébastien Viel, Maryam Idlhaj, Hervé Ghesquières, Guillaume Monneret, Emmanuel Bachy, Fabienne Venet, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hematology
Abstract: Despite their unprecedented success in relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), anti-CD19 CAR T cells are associated with significant toxicity, and more than half of patients relapse. As monocytes emerged as key players in CAR therapy, we sought to evaluate the evolution of HLA-DR expression on monocytes (mHLA-DR) before and after commercial anti-CD19 CAR T-cell infusion in a large cohort (n = 103) of patients with R/R LBCL and its association with adverse events and treatment response. Cy-Flu-based lymphodepletion (LD) upregulated mHLA-DR in 79% of the cases, whereas in 2l% of cases (15 patients), the mHLA-DR level decreased after LD, and this decrease was associated with poorer outcome. Low mHLA-DR at day minus 7 (D−7) (
Published: 2023

8. Effects of hydroxyurea on skeletal muscle energetics and force production in a sickle cell disease murine model

Author: Constance P. Michel, David Bendahan, Benoit Giannesini, Christophe Vilmen, Yann Le Fur, Laurent A. Messonnier, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Physiology, Physiology (medical), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Hydroxyurea (HU) is commonly used as a treatment for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) to enhance fetal hemoglobin production. This increased production is expected to reduce anemia (which depresses oxygen transport) and abnormal Hb content alleviating clinical symptoms such as vaso-occlusive crisis and acute chest syndrome. The effects of HU on skeletal muscle bioenergetics in vivo are still unknown. Due to the beneficial effects of HU upon oxygen delivery, improved skeletal muscle energetics and function in response to a HU treatment have been hypothesized. Muscle energetics and function were analyzed during a standardized rest-exercise-recovery protocol, using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Townes SCD mice. Measurements were performed in three groups of mice: one group of 2-mo-old mice (SCD2m, n = 8), another one of 4-mo-old mice (SCD4m, n = 8), and a last group of 4-mo-old mice that have been treated from 2 mo of age with HU at 50 mg/kg/day (SCD4m-HU, n = 8). As compared with SCD2m mice, SCD4m mice were heavier and displayed a lower acidosis. As lower specific forces were developed by SCD4m compared with SCD2m, greater force-normalized phosphocreatine consumption and oxidative and nonoxidative costs of contraction were also reported. HU-treated mice (SCD4m-HU) displayed a significantly higher specific force production as compared with untreated mice (SCD4m), whereas muscle energetics was unchanged. Overall, our results support a beneficial effect of HU on muscle function.
Published: 2023

9. Influence of storage and buffer composition on the mechanical behavior of flowing red blood cells

Author: Adlan Merlo, Sylvain Losserand, François Yaya, Philippe Connes, Magalie Faivre, Sylvie Lorthois, Christophe Minetti, Elie Nader, Thomas Podgorski, Céline Renoux, Gwennou Coupier, Emilie Franceschini, Biomécanique et Bioingénierie (BMBI), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Biogenèse et pathologies du globule rouge (Labex Gr-Ex), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aero-Thermo-Mechanics Department, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire Rhéologie et Procédés (LRP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est [HCL, Lyon] (Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] (LMA ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GDR Mécabio, CNRS, and European Project: 615102,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,BRAINMICROFLOW(2014)
Subjects: Biophysics, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract: International audience; On-chip study of blood flow has emerged as a powerful tool to assess the contribution of each component of blood to its overall function. Blood has indeed many functions, from gas and nutrient transport to immune response and thermal regulation. Red blood cells play a central role therein, in particular through their specific mechanical properties, that directly influence pressure regulation, oxygen perfusion, or platelet and white cells segregation towards endothelial walls. As the bloom of in-vitro studies has led to the apparition of various storage and sample preparation protocols, we address the question of the robustness of the results involving cell mechanical behavior against this diversity. The effects of three conservation media (EDTA, citrate and glucose-albumin-sodium-phosphate) and storage time on the red blood cell mechanical behavior are assessed under different flow conditions: cell deformability by ektacytometry, shape recovery of cells flowing out of a microfluidic constriction, and cell flipping dynamics under shear flow. The impact of buffer solutions (phosphate-buffered saline and density-matched suspension using iodixanol/Optiprep) are also studied by investigating individual cell flipping dynamics, relative viscosity of cell suspensions and cell structuration under Poiseuille flow. Our results reveal that storing blood samples up to seven days after withdrawal and suspending them in adequate density-matched buffer solutions has in most experiments a moderate effect on the overall mechanical response, with a possible rapid evolution in the first three days after sample collection. SIGNIFICANCE Blood is in intimate contact with all organs in the body, supplying oxygen, nutrients and drugs while removing waste. It carries cells involved in immune response, wound repair and tumor dissemination. Blood is easily collected, revealing the presence of disease through biomarker analysis. It is storable and transfusable. Thus, blood is the subject of many in-vitro studies for research and medical purposes. Guidelines associated to sample preparation or storage conditions have been established, but these may affect its mechanical behavior. In this collaborative study, we provide new guidelines to minimize the impact of specific experimental requirements (e.g. density matching, blood freshness) by focusing on the single or collective motion of red blood cells in a large range of flow conditions.
Published: 2023

10. 2022 French Report Card on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Children and Youth: From Continuous Alarming Conclusions to Encouraging Initiatives

Author: Alicia Fillon, Jeremy Vanhelst, Pauline Genin, Benjamin Larras, Michéle Tardieu, Marion Porcherie, Maxime Luiggi, Salomé Aubert, Charlotte Verdot, Olivier Rey, Lena Lhuisset, Julien E. Bois, Guillaume Y. Millet, Martine Duclos, David Thivel, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (CRNH A), Direction de la recherche clinique et de l’innovation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (DRCI), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Observatoire national de l’activité physique et de la sédentarité (ONAPS), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Recherches sur l'Action Politique en Europe (ARENES), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Rennes-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Apprentissage, Didactique, Evaluation, Formation (ADEF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Environnement, Santé/Stic (E2S), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Mouvement, Équilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], active transportation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, adolescents, physical activity promotion
Abstract: Background: Scientific evidence and public health reports keep highlighting the continuous and alarming worldwide progression of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents. The present paper summarizes findings from the 2022 French Report Card (RC) on physical activity for children and youth and compares them to the 2016, 2018, and 2020 RCs. Methods: The 2022 edition of the French RC follows the standardized methodology established by the Active Healthy Kids Global Matrix. Ten physical activity indicators have been evaluated and graded based on the best available evidence coming from national surveys, peer-reviewed literature, government and nongovernment reports, and online information. The evaluation was also performed in children and adolescents with disabilities. Indicators were graded from A (high level of evidence) to F (very low level of evidence) or INC for incomplete. Results: The evaluated indicators received the following grades: overall physical activity: D−; organized sport participation and physical activity: C; active play: F; active transportation: C; sedentary behaviors: D−; family and peers: D; physical fitness: C; school: C−; community and the built environment: F; government: B. Conclusions: While this 2022 French RC shows progression for 7 out of the 10 indicators considered, it also underlines the continuous need for actions at the local, regional, and national levels to develop better surveillance systems and favor a long-term improvement of youth movement behaviors.
Published: 2023

11. Electrically-induced muscle fatigue affects feedforward mechanisms of control

Author: N. Forestier, F. Monjo, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Movement, medicine.medical_treatment, Posture, Safety margin, Electromyography, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Isometric Contraction, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, Lead (electronics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Rehabilitation, medicine.diagnostic_test, Muscle fatigue, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Feed forward, Healthy subjects, Motor control, 030229 sport sciences, Electric Stimulation, Sensory Systems, Neurology, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Muscle Fatigue, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of focal muscle fatigue induced by electromyostimulation (EMS) on Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs) during arm flexions performed at maximal velocity. Methods Fifteen healthy subjects performed self-paced arm flexions at maximal velocity before and after the completion of fatiguing electromyostimulation programs involving the medial and anterior deltoids and aiming to degrade movement peak acceleration. APA timing and magnitude were measured using surface electromyography. Results Following muscle fatigue, despite a lower mechanical disturbance evidenced by significant decreased peak accelerations (−12%, p p >.11 for all analyses). Conclusion The fatigue signals evoked by externally-generated contractions seem to be gated by the Central Nervous System and result in postural strategy changes which aim to increase the postural safety margin. Significance EMS is widely used in rehabilitation and training programs for its neuromuscular function-related benefits. However and from a motor control viewpoint, the present results show that the use of EMS can lead to acute inaccuracies in predictive motor control. We propose that clinicians should investigate the chronic and global effects of EMS on motor control.
Published: 2015

12. The postural control can be optimized by the first movement initiation condition encountered when submitted to muscle fatigue

Author: Florian Monjo, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Adult, Male, Shoulder, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Movement, Acceleration, Posture, Biophysics, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Kinematics, Shoulder flexion, 050105 experimental psychology, Postural control, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Pressure, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle activity, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Muscle fatigue, Electromyography, Movement (music), business.industry, 05 social sciences, Muscle activation, General Medicine, Healthy Volunteers, Biomechanical Phenomena, Peak velocity, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle Fatigue, Stroop Test, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: We investigated whether and how the movement initiation condition (IC) encountered during the early movements performed following focal muscle fatigue affects the postural control of discrete ballistic movements. For this purpose, subjects performed shoulder flexions in a standing posture at maximal velocity under two movement IC, i.e., in self-paced conditions and submitted to a Stroop-like task in which participants had to trigger fast shoulder flexions at the presentation of incongruent colors. Shoulder flexion kinematics, surface muscle activity of focal and postural muscles as well as center-of-pressure kinematics were recorded. The initial IC and the order in which subjects were submitted to these two conditions were varied within two separate experimental sessions. IC schedule was repeated before and after fatigue protocols involving shoulder flexors. The aim of this fatigue procedure was to affect acceleration-generating capacities of focal muscles. In such conditions, the postural muscle activity preceding and accompanying movement execution is expected to decrease. Following fatigue, when subjects initially moved in self-paced conditions, postural muscle activity decreased and scaled to the lower focal peak acceleration. This postural strategy then transferred to the Stroop-like task. In contrast, when subjects initially moved submitted to the Stroop-like task, postural muscle activity did not decrease and this transferred to self-paced movements. Regarding the center-of-pressure peak velocity, which is indicative of the efficiency of the postural actions generated in stabilizing posture, no difference appeared between the two sessions post-fatigue. This highlights an optimization of the postural actions when subjects first moved in self-paced conditions, smaller postural muscle activation levels resulting in similar postural consequences. In conclusion, the level of neuromuscular activity associated with the postural control is affected and can be optimized by the initial movement IC experienced post-fatigue. Beyond the fundamental contributions arising from these results, we point out potential applications for trainers and sports instructors.
Published: 2017

13. Neurophysiological insights on flexibility improvements through motor imagery

Author: Aymeric Guillot, Christian Collet, Thiago Ferreira Dias Kanthack, Théophile Guizard, Franck Di Rienzo, Charalambos Papaxanthis, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Fundação) = CAPES Foundation [Brasilia] (CAPES), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CAPES foundation [Brasília], Ministry of Education [Brazil], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Flexibility (anatomy), Imagery, Psychotherapy, Movement, human skeletal-muscle, static stretch, Electromyography, facilitation, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Young Adult, Motor performance, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Motor imagery, Movement imagery, transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine, Humans, Stretch reflex, mental practice, Muscle, Skeletal, passive stretch, Communication, Behavior, perceived exertion, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, contraction, Muscle activation, 030229 sport sciences, Neurophysiology, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Reflex, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], corticospinal excitability, Psychology, business, strength, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hamstring
Abstract: International audience; The efficacy of motor imagery (MI) practice to facilitate muscle stretching remains controversial and the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms unexplored. We evaluated the effects of MI practice during a sit-and reach task. Healthy participants were randomly assigned to a MI practice (n = 15) or Control (n = 15) group and completed 2 blocks of 5 sit-and-reach trials. During the first block (B1), participants performed 5 maximal stretching trials of 10s. During the second block (B2), trials were divided into two consecutive parts: i) reproducing the maximum performance of B1 (10s, B2 part 1), and ii) attempting to outperform the maximum performance of B1 (10s, B2 part 2). Participants performed kinesthetic MI of hamstring stretching during B2 trials in the MI practice group. We recorded electromyography from the hamstring and rectos femoris of the dominant leg. We also processed skin conductance as an index of sympathetic activity. We measured greater performance improvements from B1 to B2 part 2 in the MI practice group compared to Control (p < 0.05). Participants in the MI practice group exhibited reduced hamstring activation during both B2 part 1 (p < 0.001) and B2 part 2 (p < 0.001) compared to Control. Skin conductance revealed higher sympathetic activation during B2 part 2 compared to both B1 and B2 part 1 in the two groups. Thus, performing MI during actual movement is likely to improve stretching performance through reduced muscle activation. Such improvement may be grounded in a cortical gain over spinal reflexes.
Published: 2017

14. Glenohumeral contact force during flat and topspin tennis forehand drives

Author: Thomas Creveaux, Laurence Chèze, Isabelle Rogowski, Raphaël Dumas, Yoann Blache, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs ( LBMC UMR T9406 ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de biomécanique (LBM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Mécanique des Chocs (LBMC UMR T9406), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Models, Anatomic, ANTERIOR-SUPERIOR GLENOID, medicine.medical_specialty, 0206 medical engineering, Shear force, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 02 engineering and technology, Athletic Performance, RACKET SPORTS, musculoskeletal model, GLENOHUMERAL CONTACT FORCE, SPORT, Contact force, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Elbow Joint, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, Shoulder Joint, Stance phase, 030229 sport sciences, MUSCLE, 020601 biomedical engineering, Biomechanical Phenomena, MODEL, medicine.anatomical_structure, SHEARING FORCE, Tennis, Shoulder joint, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, SHOULDER, MUSCULOSKELETAL, EPAULE, human activities, 3d kinematics
Abstract: International audience; 12 The primary role of the shoulder joint in tennis forehand drive is at the expense of the 13 loadings undergone by this joint. Nevertheless, few studies investigated glenohumeral (GH) 14 contact forces during forehand drives. The aim of this study was to investigate GH 15 compressive and shearing forces during the flat and topspin forehand drives in advanced 16 tennis players. 3D kinematics of flat and topspin forehand drives of 11 advanced tennis 17 players were recorded. The Delft Shoulder and Elbow musculoskeletal model was 18 implemented to assess the magnitude and orientation of GH contact forces during the 19 forehand drives. The results showed no differences in magnitude and orientation of GH 20 contact forces between the flat and topspin forehand drives. The estimated maximal GH 21 contact force during the forward swing phase was 3573 ± 1383 N, which was on average 1.25 22 time greater than during the follow-through phase, and 5.8 times greater than during the 23 backswing phase. Regardless the phase of the forehand drive, GH contact forces pointed 24 toward the anterior-superior part of the glenoid therefore standing for shearing forces. 25 Knowledge of GH contact forces during real sport tasks performed at high velocity may 26 improve the understanding of various sport-specific adaptations and causative factors for 27 shoulder problems. 28 2 29
Published: 2017

15. Assessment of evertor weakness in patients with chronic ankle instability: Functional versus isokinetic testing

Author: Francis Degache, François Fourchet, Nicolas Forestier, Boris Gojanovic, Romain Terrier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: Joint Instability, Male, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Weakness, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, medicine.disease_cause, Weight-bearing, Weight-Bearing, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, Eccentric, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, In patient, Ankle Injuries, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Muscle Weakness, Rehabilitation, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Gold standard (test), medicine.anatomical_structure, Torque, Sprains and Strains, Female, medicine.symptom, Ankle, business, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Ankle sprain is the most common sport-related injury and eccentric weakness of ankle evertors is regarded as a significant muscular deficit related to chronic ankle instability. However, the eccentric performance of the evertors is rarely assessed by clinicians because procedures used for research purposes (i.e. isokinetic tests) are not easily applicable in daily practice. Methods The present study assessed the ability of two different testing procedures to distinguish between groups of 12 healthy subjects or 12 patients suffering from chronic ankle instability. On the one hand, the strength of evertors was assessed with a gold standard isokinetic procedure. On the other hand, we assessed the ability of the subjects to control ankle inversion during weight bearing (functional standing test). Findings Data showed no significant difference between groups for isokinetic peak torque values normalized to body weight. Conversely, the functional test revealed a significantly impaired ability to control ankle inversion during weight bearing in subjects with chronic ankle instability. Interpretation This suggests that this easy-to-apply functional test is better suited compared to isokinetic testing procedures to assess weakness of evertors in patients suffering from chronic ankle instability. Moreover, this test may also be used to objectively monitor improvements during rehabilitation or progression in prevention protocols.
Published: 2017

16. We need clear health messages about exercise

Author: Jean-Claude Barthélémy, Frédéric Roche, David Hupin, Pascal Edouard, Vincent Gremaux, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Système Nerveux Autonome - Epidémiologie, Physiologie, Ingénierie, Santé ( SNA-EPIS ), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Système Nerveux Autonome - Epidémiologie, Physiologie, Ingénierie, Santé (SNA-EPIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Medical education, Consumer Health Information, business.industry, Physical activity, Alternative medicine, Headline, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Health Promotion, Sitting, World Health Organization, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine, Humans, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030212 general & internal medicine, Mass Media, business, Exercise, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Simplifying health messages can be puzzling. French media recently criticised WHO’s 2016 physical activity recommendations, based on the data published by Kyu and colleagues in The BMJ. Two years ago, they ran a very different headline: “Sitting kills more people than tobacco,” based on a commentary published in 2009.
Published: 2016

17. Muscle fatigue effects can be anticipated to reproduce a movement kinematics learned without fatigue

Author: Florian Monjo, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Shoulder, Computer science, Posture, Sensory system, Kinematics, Motor Activity, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Acceleration, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Feedback, Sensory, medicine, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Muscle fatigue, Movement (music), Electromyography, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Feed forward, Motor control, Sitting Positions, Anticipation, Psychological, Biomechanical Phenomena, Muscle Fatigue, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Physical therapy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Muscle fatigue modifies the gain between motor command magnitude and the mechanical muscular response. In other words, post-fatigue, central drives to the muscles must increase to maintain a particular submaximum mechanical output. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that this modified gain can be predicted by the central nervous system (CNS) during discrete ballistic movements. In two separate experiments, subjects were required to perform shoulder flexions in standing and sitting positions at submaximum target peak accelerations. They were assisted with visual feedback informing them on their performance after each trial. Shoulder flexions were performed before and after fatiguing protocols of the focal muscles. Acceleration signals, focal and postural muscle electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded. The results demonstrated that participants were able to reach with precision the target acceleration during the first movements post-fatigue at the cost of significant increase in focal motor command magnitude. Decreased variance of peak accelerations associated with increased focal command variability was observed post-fatigue. During the standing experiment, postural muscle EMGs revealed that anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) scaled to focal movement acceleration post-fatigue. All these results support that fatigue effects are taken into account during movement planning. Indeed, given that no feedback could enable participants to adjust acceleration during movement, this capacity to anticipate fatigue effects is the exclusive result of feedforward processes. To account for this prediction capacity, we discuss the role of fatigue-related modifications in sensory inputs from the working muscles.
Published: 2016

18. Depressed Systolic Function after a Prolonged and Strenuous Exercise

Author: A. Ménétrier, Damien Vitiello, Iris Schuster, Sté Phane Nottin, Philippe Obert, Thomas Rupp, Nicolas Tordi, Cyril Reboul, Johan Cassirame, Physiopathologie des adaptations cardiovasculaires à l'Exercice, Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Laboratoire Culture, sport, santé, société - UFC ( C3S ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires ( EA 2992 ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire ( LaPEC ), Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire Culture, sport, santé, société - UFC (EA 4660) (C3S), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Caractéristiques féminines des dysfonctions des interfaces cardio-vasculaires (EA 2992), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire (LaPEC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Tachycardia, medicine.medical_specialty, Rotational rate, Rest, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Strenuous exercise, Physical Exertion, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Speckle tracking echocardiography, Systolic function, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Heart Rate, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Internal medicine, Systolic strain, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Diastolic function, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, business.industry, Incremental test, Bicycling, Echocardiography, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: AB Introduction: Prolonged and strenuous exercise (PSE) induces transient left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Although a consensus exists regarding the decrease in diastolic function, the existence of a decrease in systolic function by a PSE remains controversial, probably due to the transient tachycardia and changes in loading conditions observed upon the completion of exercise. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate LV systolic function before and after a PSE using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography not only at rest but also during incremental tests to adjust heart rates (HR). Methods and Results: Sixteen healthy young men (23 +/- 3 yr old) performed a 3-h period of intensity-controlled upright cycling. LV strain (S), systolic strain rate (SR), rotation, and systolic rotational rate were evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography before and after a 3-h period of PSE at rest and during incremental tests. Posttest evaluation was performed once the HR had returned to the pretest value. Under resting conditions, parameters of systolic function were either unchanged or increased after the PSE. However, during the incremental test, all LV systolic SR and apical rotational rates were decreased after PSE (radial SR at workload 3 (W3): 2.21 +/- 0.12.s-1 vs 1.87 +/- 0.10.s-1, P < 0.01 and apical rotational rate at W3: 128 +/- 28 deg.s-1 vs 105 +/- 26 deg.s-1, P < 0.05). Regression analyses between LV systolic SR and HR showed lower y-intercepts without differences in slopes, suggesting a decrease of both global and regional systolic functions irrespective of HR after the PSE. Conclusion: Our findings based on LV S and SR data during incremental tests demonstrate that the 3-h period of PSE induces LV systolic dysfunction
Published: 2013

19. Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Neuromuscular Function of Mechanically Ventilated ICU COVID-19 Patients*

Author: Guillaume Y. Millet, Djahid Kennouche, Clément Foschia, Callum G. Brownstein, Julien Gondin, Thomas Lapole, Diana Rimaud, Nicolas Royer, Guillaume Thiery, Vincent Gauthier, Lydia Oujamaa, Marine Sorg, Samuel Vergès, Stéphane Doutreleau, Mathieu Marillier, Mélanie Prudent, Laurent Bitker, Léonard Féasson, Laurent Gergelé, Emeric Stauffer, Céline Guichon, Jérôme Morel, SALAS, Danielle, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), CHU Saint-Etienne, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE - Inserm U1290 - UCBL1), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Clinique Mutualiste Chirurgicale [Saint-Étienne], Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Hôpital privé de la Loire - Ramsay Santé (HPL-RS)
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Oxygen, Intensive Care Units, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Quality of Life, Aftercare, COVID-19, Humans, Prospective Studies, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Respiration, Artificial, Patient Discharge
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the level of cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function of ICU survivors after COVID-19 and to examine whether these outcomes are related to ICU stay/mechanical ventilation duration.Design: Prospective nonrandomized study.Setting: Patients hospitalized in ICU for COVID-19 infection.Patients: Sixty patients hospitalized in ICU (mean duration: 31.9 ± 18.2 d) were recruited 4-8 weeks post discharge from ICU.Interventions: None.Measurements and main results: Patients visited the laboratory on two separate occasions. The first visit was dedicated to quality of life questionnaire, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, whereas measurements of the knee extensors neuromuscular function were performed in the second visit. Maximal oxygen uptake (V o2 max) was 18.3 ± 4.5 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 , representing 49% ± 12% of predicted value, and was significantly correlated with ICU stay/mechanical ventilation (MV) duration ( R = -0.337 to -0.446; p < 0.01 to 0.001), as were maximal voluntary contraction and electrically evoked peak twitch. V o2 max (either predicted or in mL· min -1 ·kg -1 ) was also significantly correlated with key indices of pulmonary function such as predicted forced vital capacity or predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second ( R = 0.430-0.465; p ≤ 0.001) and neuromuscular function. Both cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function were correlated with self-reported physical functioning and general health status.Conclusions: V o2 max was on average only slightly above the 18 mL·min -1 ·kg -1 , that is, the cut-off value known to induce difficulty in performing daily tasks. Overall, although low physical capacities at admission in ICU COVID-19 patients cannot be ruled out to explain the association between V o2 max or neuromuscular function and ICU stay/MV duration, altered cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular function observed in the present study may not be specific to COVID-19 disease but seem applicable to all ICU/MV patients of similar duration.
Published: 2022

20. What brain patterns should we reinforce during BCI training procedures targeting motor imagery abilities? An experimental study on athletes

Author: Izac, Margaux, Rossignol, Eléa, Pierrieau, Emeline, Pillette, Léa, Rienzo, Franck, Guillaud, Etienne, Guillot, Aymeric, Michelet, Thomas, N'Kaoua, Bernard, Jeunet-Kelway, Camille, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, Brain-Computer Interface, Event-Related Desynchronisation, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Expertise, Motor Imagery, Neurofeedback, Sport
Abstract: International audience; Introduction:Motor imagery (MI) can be defined as a “dynamic state during which one simulates an action mentally without any body movement” [1]. The aim of MI is to optimise learning (e.g., in athletic training) or re-learning (e.g., in motor rehabilitation after stroke) by mastering the technique of new motor skills, but also through attentional focus [2] thanks to brain plasticity mechanisms. Indeed, similarities exist between MI and motor execution with regards to the solicitation of certain brain networks and regions, including premotor, parietal, and somatosensory regions [3]. Current BCI protocols targeting MI consist in positively reinforcing the maximum modulation of sensorimotor rhythms (SMRs) from baseline levels. This suggests that we consider that the growing expertise in the MI task will be associated with a higher desynchronisation of neurons in the sensorimotor cortices [4]. Yet, experiments investigating the neural efficiency hypothesis have shown that experts happen to have a reduced modulation of neural activity in comparison to novices [5], which can be attributed to a more efficient resource distribution. This efficiency would take form of reinforced temporal and spatial stability during MI tasks [6,7]. Thus, our questions are as follows: Q1. Does expertise modify the brain patterns associated with a MI task? Q2. If so, are those modifications elicited exclusively during MI of mastered movements? Or do these modifications reflect the acquisition of a generic skill (whatever the imagined movement)? Q3. Is maximising the percentage of desynchronisation a relevant objective? If not, what metrics of performance should be used in order to optimise the training of users/patients to self-regulate their brain activity? In order to investigate those different questions, we will recruit athletes who can be considered as an expert population in MI because of their frequent mental training use (to prevent overtraining or during rehabilitation but also as warm-up routines and rehearsal technique). Material and Methods:We will recruit 48 participants who will be divided into three groups: “basketball experts” (G1exp), “dance experts” (G2exp) and “novices” (G3) [16 participants per group, 8 men, 8 women]. All participants will perform 20 MI trials lasting 10s each for all four of the following movements: a simple reaching action (T1 – for which all participants are experts), a complex novel drawing task (T2 – for which none are expert), a basketball free throw (T3 – expertise of G1exp only) and a short pre-defined dancing choreography (T4 – expertise of G2exp only). EEG activity will be recorded during trials. This paradigm will enable us to compare MI-related brain patterns between experts and novices (G1exp/G2exp vs. G3) (Q1). It will also enable us to assess the extent to which the potential modifications of brain patterns due to expertise are specific to expert movements or generic (for G1exp and G2exp: T3 vs. T4; for all, control: T1 vs. T2) (Q2). From those results, we will investigate which performance metrics seem the most relevant to use in MI-based BCI/NF paradigms (Q3).Discussion:This study will enable us to acquire new knowledge regarding the neural efficiency hypothesis. If our results comfort this hypothesis, it will be important to identify, implement and evaluate new metrics of performance to guide BCI/NF users during their training (i.e., instead of ERD%). Following the neural efficiency hypothesis, we expect experts to show brain patterns that are more spatially and temporally stable than those of novices [6,7]. In other terms, in experts, we expect the modulations of brain activity during MI to be circumscribed to sensorimotor cortices (provided that they perform kinaesthetic MI) and to be highly stable across trials in terms of location and frequency. In addition, we hypothesise that those modulations will represent a general skill. In other terms, we expect the same patterns to be elicited for experts when doing MI of a mastered technique from their discipline, but also when doing MI of a novel movement of similar nature (in our case a different physical activity). Indeed, we believe that a transfer of neural efficiency exists. However, this phenomenon might only happen to a certain extent and not be identifiable for MI of a complex novel task or of a simple everyday life action. To our knowledge, this last hypothesis hasn’t been tested in the current literature and will therefore require an exploratory approach.References:[1] Guillot, A. and Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the Motor Imagery Integrative Model in Sport: A review and theoretical investigation of motor imagery use. IRSEP 1, 31–44[2] Budnik-Przybylska, D. et al. (2021). Neural Oscillation During Mental Imagery in Sport: An Olympic Sailor Case Study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 15, 669422.[3] Hardwick, R. M. et al. (2018). Neural Correlates of Action: Comparing Meta-Analyses of Imagery, Observation, and Execution. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 94, 31‑44.[4] Ono, T. et al. (2013). Daily Training with Realistic Visual Feedback Improves Reproducibility of Event-Related Desynchronisation Following Hand Motor Imagery. Clinical Neurophysiology 124(9), 1779 86.[5] Li, L. and Smith, D. M. (2021). Neural Efficiency in Athletes: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 15.[6] Del Percio, C. et al. (2009). “Neural Efficiency” of Athletes’ Brain for Upright Standing: A High-Resolution EEG Study. Brain Research Bulletin 79(3), 193‑200.[7] Kraeutner, S. N. et al. (2018). Experience Modulates Motor Imagery-Based Brain Activity. EJN 47, no. 10: 1221–29.
Published: 2023

21. Neuromuscular adjustments to unweighted running: the increase in hamstring activity is sensitive to trait anxiety

Author: Fazzari, Camille, Macchi, Robin, Ressam, Camélia, Kunimasa, Yoko, Nicol, Caroline, Martha, Cécile, Bolmont, Benoit, Sainton, Patrick, Hays, Arnaud, Vercruyssen, Fabrice, Lapole, Thomas, Bossard, Martin, Casanova, Rémy, Bringoux, Lionel, Chavet, Pascale, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Niigata University, Laboratoire lorrain de psychologie et neurosciences de la dynamique des comportements (2LPN), Université de Lorraine (UL), Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé (IAPS), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire sur la Perception, les Intéractions, les Comportements et la Simulation des usagers de la route et de la rue (COSYS-PICS-L), Université Gustave Eiffel, and This study was funded by the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES, https://cnes.fr/fr), Département des Sciences de la Vie et de Médecine Spatiale (grant agreement no: DAR 4800001107).
Subjects: reloading, trait anxiety, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lower body positive pressure, running, unweighting, neuromuscular adjustments, repeatability
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: Originally developed for astronauts, lower body positive pressure treadmills (LBPPTs) are increasingly being used in sports and clinical settings because they allow for unweighted running. However, the neuromuscular adjustments to unweighted running remain understudied. They would be limited for certain lower limb muscles and interindividually variable. This study investigated whether this might be related to familiarization and/or trait anxiety. Methods: Forty healthy male runners were divided into two equal groups with contrasting levels of trait anxiety (high, ANX+, n = 20 vs. low, ANX−, n = 20). They completed two 9-min runs on a LBPPT. Each included three consecutive 3-min conditions performed at 100%, 60% (unweighted running), and 100% body weight. Normal ground reaction force and electromyographic activity of 11 ipsilateral lower limb muscles were analyzed for the last 30 s of each condition in both runs. Results: Unweighted running showed muscle- and stretch-shortening cycle phase-dependent neuromuscular adjustments that were repeatable across both runs. Importantly, hamstring (BF, biceps femoris; STSM, semitendinosus/semimembranosus) muscle activity increased during the braking (BF: +44 ± 18%, p < 0.001) and push-off (BF: +49 ± 12% and STSM: +123 ± 14%, p < 0.001 for both) phases, and even more so for ANX+ than for ANX−. During the braking phase, only ANX+ showed significant increases in BF (+41 ± 15%, p
Published: 2023

22. A questionnaire to identify the links between athletes’ profiles and cognitive training practice: Heading for personalised neurofeedback procedures

Author: Izac, Margaux, Rossignol, Eléa, Pillette, Léa, Guillot, Aymeric, Guillaud, Etienne, Rienzo, Franck Di, Michelet, Thomas, N’kaoua, Bernard, Jeunet-Kelway, Camille, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), 3D interaction with virtual environments using body and mind (Hybrid), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-RÉALITÉ VIRTUELLE, HUMAINS VIRTUELS, INTERACTIONS ET ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Marie-Constance Corsi, Sylvain Chevallier, Camille Jeunet-Kelway, and Raphaëlle Roy
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, Brain-Computer Interface, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Motor Imagery, Neurofeedback, Sport
Abstract: International audience; Motor imagery (MI) is widely used in sports, in particular for motor learning and anxiety management [1]. Indeed, athletes consistently report using MI for rehearsing technique, maintaining arousal or enhancing self-confidence [2]. However, optimal gains are limited by the fact that they receive no feedback and cannot assess their performance. This can have detrimental effects on their motivation to diligently practice MI. Therefore, using Neurofeedback (NF) appears to be an adapted solution, allowing athletes to know if they are correctly performing the task. This addition also makes it possible to objectify performance and quantify progression throughout the sessions. In fact, three recent meta-analysis testify that NF improves the ability to self-regulate brain activity and sport performance [3, 4, 5]. The number of papers using MI-NF protocols has increased in the past few years. However, their efficiency has been shown to depend on various factors such as expertise in the imagined task [6], personality traits [7], MI ability [8] or NF acceptability [9]. Some of these factors can be assessed using validated questionnaires [10,11,12] but items are generally focused on questioning the current use of MI or thoughts on NF. An issue, as we know that practice can sometimes differ from real needs and expectations. To our knowledge, no previous work has investigated sports field actors’ preferences with the aim of designing specific NF tools, perfectly fitted to their profile, goals and expectations. Therefore, based on pre-existing questionnaires, we will build and broadcast an online questionnaire for athletes where personality, MI use, NF acceptability and NF preferences will be assessed. This method will enable us to personalise MI-NF trainings to fit each athlete’s needs. A longitudinal study will then require that athletes follow a personalised procedure to investigate how it impacts their MI and NF performances as well as their acceptability levels.[1] Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the Motor Imagery Integrative Model in Sport : A review and theoretical investigation of motor imagery use. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1.[2] Munroe, K. J., Giacobbi Jr., P. R., Hall, C., & Weinberg, R. (2000). The Four Ws of Imagery Use : Where, When, Why, and What. Sport Psychologist, 14(2), 119.[3] Mirifar, A., Beckmann, J., & Ehrlenspiel, F. (2017). Neurofeedback as supplementary training for optimizing athletes’ performance: A systematic review with implications for future research. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 75, 419 432. [4] Xiang, M.-Q., Hou, X.-H., Liao, B.-G., Liao, J.-W., & Hu, M. (2018). The effect of neurofeedback training for sport performance in athletes: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 36, 114 122.[5] Gong, A., Gu, F., Nan, W., Qu, Y., Jiang, C., & Fu, Y. (2021). A Review of Neurofeedback Training for Improving Sport Performance From the Perspective of User Experience. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 15.[6] Kraeutner, S. N., McWhinney, S. R., Solomon, J. P., Dithurbide, L., & Boe, S. G. (2018). Experience modulates motor imagery-based brain activity. European Journal of Neuroscience, 47(10), 1221 1229.[7] Jeunet, C., N’Kaoua, B., Subramanian, S., Hachet, M., & Lotte, F. (2015). Predicting Mental Imagery-Based BCI Performance from Personality, Cognitive Profile and Neurophysiological Patterns. PLOS ONE, 10(12), e0143962.[8] Guillot, A., Collet, C., Nguyen, V. A., Malouin, F., Richards, C., & Doyon, J. (2008). Functional neuroanatomical networks associated with expertise in motor imagery. NeuroImage. [9] Morone, G., Pisotta, I., Pichiorri, F., Kleih, S., Paolucci, S., Molinari, M., Cincotti, F., Kübler, A., & Mattia, D. (2015). Proof of principle of a brain-computer interface approach to support poststroke arm rehabilitation in hospitalized patients: Design, acceptability, and usability. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 96(3 Suppl), S71-78. [10] Hall, C. R., Rodgers, W. M., & Barr, K. A. (1990). The Use of Imagery by Athletes in Selected Sports. The Sport Psychologist, 4(1), 1 10.[11] Plaisant, O., Courtois, R., Réveillère, C., Mendelsohn, G. A., & John, O. P. (2010). Validation par analyse factorielle du Big Five Inventory français (BFI-Fr). Analyse convergente avec le NEO-PI-R. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique, 168(2), 97 106. [12] Grevet, E., Forge, K., Tadiello, S., Izac, M., Amadieu, F., Brunel, L., Pillette, L., Py, J., Gasq, D., & Jeunet-Kelway, C. (2023). Modeling the acceptability of BCIs for motor rehabilitation after stroke: A large scale study on the general public. Frontiers in Neuroergonomics, 3.
Published: 2023

23. A soft ankle brace increases soleus Hoffman reflex amplitude but does not modify presynaptic inhibition during upright standing

Author: Frédérique Hintzy, Thomas Lapole, Sébastien Pavailler, Nicolas Horvais, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), SALOMON Corporation, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Posture, Biophysics, Electromyography, H-Reflex, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Femoral nerve, Cutaneous receptor, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Tibial nerve, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Soleus muscle, Motor Neurons, Braces, medicine.diagnostic_test, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Equipment Design, musculoskeletal system, Brace, Electric Stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ankle, H-reflex, Tibial Nerve, business, human activities, Mechanoreceptors, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Ankle Joint
Abstract: External ankle supports, such as ankle braces, may improve postural stability by stimulating cutaneous receptors. It remains unknown whether these supports have an effect on the posture central regulation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of wearing a soft ankle brace on soleus H-reflex amplitude and presynaptic inhibition during standing. Sixteen subjects stood on a rigid floor with their eyes opened, either barefoot or wearing a soft ankle brace. H-reflex amplitude was measured on the soleus muscle by stimulating the tibial nerve electrically. Modulation of presynaptic inhibition was assessed by conditioning the H-reflex with fibular nerve (D1 inhibition) and femoral nerve (heteronymous facilitation) electrical stimulations. The unconditioned H-reflex amplitude was significantly greater when wearing the ankle brace than barefoot, whereas D1 and HF conditioned soleus H-reflex did not differ significantly between bracing conditions. These results suggest that the ankle brace increased the soleus motoneuron excitability without altering presynaptic mechanisms, potentially because of increased cutaneous mechanoreceptors afferent signals provided by the soft ankle brace.
Published: 2016

24. Muscle fatigue as an investigative tool in motor control: A review with new insights on internal models and posture–movement coordination

Author: Nicolas Forestier, Florian Monjo, Romain Terrier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: Central Nervous System, Computer science, Models, Neurological, Posture, Biophysics, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Models, Psychological, Motor Activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Motor activity, Everyday life, Simulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Muscle fatigue, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Motor control, General Medicine, Muscle Fatigue, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Muscle fatigue is a common phenomenon experienced in everyday life which affects both our force capacity and movement production. In this paper, we review works dealing with muscle fatigue and motor control and we attempt to demonstrate how the Central Nervous System deals with this particular state. We especially focus on how internal models--neural substrates which can estimate the current state as well as the future state of the body--face this internal perturbation. Moreover, we show that muscle fatigue is an interesting investigative tool in understanding the mechanisms involved in posture-movement coordination.
Published: 2015

25. Sprint Mechanics in World-Class Athletes: A New Insight into the Limits of Human Locomotion

Author: Rabita, Giuseppe, DOREL, Sylvain, Slawinski, Jean, Saez de Villareal, Eduardo, Couturier, Antoine, Samozino, Pierre, MORIN, Jean-Benoît, Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Performance, Acceleration, elite sprinters, Force orientation, Video Recording, Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Biomechanical Phenomena, Running, Kinetics, Young Adult, power output, Exercise Test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract: Epub 2015 Jan 31; The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanics of maximal running sprint acceleration in high-level athletes. Four elite (100-m best time 9.95-10.29 s) and five sub-elite (10.40-10.60 s) sprinters performed seven sprints in overground conditions. A single virtual 40-m sprint was reconstructed and kinetics parameters were calculated for each step using a force platform system and video analyses. Anteroposterior force (FY), power (PY), and the ratio of the horizontal force component to the resultant (total) force (RF, which reflects the orientation of the resultant ground reaction force for each support phase) were computed as a function of velocity (V). FY-V, RF-V, and PY-V relationships were well described by significant linear (mean R(2) of 0.892 ± 0.049 and 0.950 ± 0.023) and quadratic (mean R(2) = 0.732 ± 0.114) models, respectively. The current study allows a better understanding of the mechanics of the sprint acceleration notably by modeling the relationships between the forward velocity and the main mechanical key variables of the sprint. As these findings partly concern world-class sprinters tested in overground conditions, they give new insights into some aspects of the biomechanical limits of human locomotion.
Published: 2015

26. Peroneal reaction time measurement in unipodal stance for two different destabilization axes

Author: Romain Terrier, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), and Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Posture, Biophysics, Kinematics, Electromyography, Standard deviation, 03 medical and health sciences, Time variance, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Orientation (geometry), Reaction Time, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Muscle, Skeletal, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Simulation, Physics, Proprioception, medicine.diagnostic_test, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Coronal plane, Female, Ankle, Ankle Joint, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: article i nfo Background: The variability of peroneal reaction time measurements is a major problem when using this parameter to control rehabilitation or proprioceptive training processes. In order to control peroneal reaction time values, some extrinsic factors should be considered. The purpose of this study was to measure peroneal reaction time in unipodal stance for two different destabilization axes. Methods: The peroneal reaction time of 10 healthy subjects was measured from kinematic and electromyograhic data in an experimental study using an ankle destabilization device. Findings: Inapreliminaryanalysis,resultsshowedthatthedestabilizationaxisorientationdidnotaffectperoneal reaction time values (68.5 ms, standard deviation=9.5 ms and 71.5 ms, standard deviation=8 ms for destabilizations in the frontal plane and around the Henke's axis, respectively). However, the inter-trial variance of inversion velocity peaks explained between 40% and 49% of the peroneal reaction time variance. When trials were selected on the basis of homogeneous inversion velocity peaks, results showed that peroneal reaction time values for the peroneus brevis were shorter during inversion movements performed around the physiological Henke's tilting axis (63 ms, standard deviation=9 ms vs. 71 ms, standard deviation=8 ms). Interpretation: Our findings evidenced that tilting axis orientation must be considered as an extrinsic factor that may influence peroneal reaction time. Moreover it also seems necessary to consider inversion speed values to adequately compare peroneal reaction time values.
Published: 2011

27. Feasibility of a Full-Field Measurements-Based Protocol for the Biomechanical Study of a Lumbar Belt: A Case Study

Author: Rébecca Bonnaire, Woo Suck Han, Reynald Convert, Paul Calmels, Jérôme Molimard, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Santé Ingénierie Biologie Saint-Etienne (SAINBIOSE), Centre Ingénierie et Santé (CIS-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Thuasne, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: DIC, fringe projection, pressure mapping system, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], low back pain, lumbar belt, full-field measurement, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, General Medicine
Abstract: International audience; Low back pain represents a major economic and societal challenge due to its high prevalence. Lumbar orthoses are one of the recommended treatments. Even if previous results showed their clinical effects, the detailed mode of action is still poorly known, making the device design difficult. A renewed instrumentation and experimental protocol should bring better insight into the lumbar brace–trunk mechanical interaction. This instrumentation should give detailed information on the basic physical or geometrical parameters: the pressure applied on the trunk, the body shape and the strain in the belt. The principal objective of this study was to propose and validate a new measurement protocol, based on pressure mapping systems and full-field shape and strain measurement. The feasibility of the protocol was tested along with its validity and repeatability. The influence of various parameters, which could cause changes in the measurements, was tested with six different belt configurations on one subject. Measurements were also performed to study the impact of posture on pressure and strain. Both pressure and strain appeared to be asymmetric from left to right. The pressure applied by the lumbar belt on the back varies with breathing and with posture. This study showed that full-field measurements were necessary to render the high variability of pressure or strain around the trunk, under recommendations of their use to guarantee a satisfying repeatability.
Published: 2022

28. Unilateral lower limb muscle fatigue induces bilateral effects on undisturbed stance and muscle EMG activities

Author: L. Berger, S.-C. Regueme, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Male, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], medicine.medical_specialty, Posture, Biophysics, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Isometric exercise, Pain sensation, Postural control, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lower limb muscle, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Muscle, Skeletal, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Leg, Muscle fatigue, Electromyography, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Body sway, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Muscle Fatigue, Physical therapy, Neurology (clinical), Ankle, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: The study investigated the effects of an unilateral ankle muscle fatigue onto independent postural control parameters including the trajectories of the estimated resultant CoP (CoPres) and his components: the centre of gravity (CG) and CoP–CG trajectories. Nine healthy men realized series of 10 toe-lift immediately followed by 10 knee flexions until exhaustion with one (Ex) leg. Maximal isometric voluntary contractions, postural sway measures of each leg, and muscular activities of the ankle muscles were recorded before and immediately after the fatiguing exercise. As expected, the latter induced a decrease in maximal voluntary peak force associated with a greater variability of the relative contribution of each leg on the CoPres, enhanced all postural parameters of the non-exercised leg. A significant decreased of the tibialis anterior EMG activity for the Ex leg and an increased one for the NoEx leg. Finally, following unilateral fatigue, the body sway destabilisation seemed to occur only along the medio-lateral (ML) axis. The enhanced and greater variability of the variance along ML axis might be explained by the recourse at the loading–unloading strategy choice and suggests a central attempt to compensate for pain sensation.
Published: 2010

29. Reference Probe for TcpO(2) at Rest: A Systematic Review

Author: Judith Catella, Guillaume Mahé, Georges Leftheriotis, Anne Long, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'ingénierie Thérapeutique UMR 5305 (LBTI), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Biogenèse et pathologies du globule rouge (Labex Gr-Ex), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de PhysioMédecine Moléculaire (LP2M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and This research received no external funding.
Subjects: regional perfusion index, peripheral arterial disease, TcpO(2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, reference probe
Abstract: International audience; (1) Background: Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcpO(2)) is used to determine the severity of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). Many authors used a ratio of limb to chest TcpO(2), also called the regional perfusion index (RPI), which should be independent of variations in oxygen delivery and reflective of local limb oxygen supply. The relevance of a reference probe-positioned TcpO(2) electrode is debated. We aimed to review the relevance of the reference probe in previous studies using rest TcpO(2). (2) Methods: We searched Medline and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on 22 September 2022 using keywords related to TcpO(2), reference probe and LEAD. (3) Results/Discussion: Fifteen studies were included in the review. Nine studies investigated LEAD severity (n = 9), amputation healing predication (n = 4), surgical outcome prediction (n = 2), therapeutic effect (n = 3) and difference according to diabetic status (n = 1). Four studies investigated more than 1 indication. Among 12 (16.7%) studies using RPI, only two authors found a benefit of using RPI instead of absolute TcpO(2). Using only univariate analysis, one author reported that RPI was significantly related to viability at 1 year, while distal TcpO(2) was not, on 13 limbs. The following year, the same author published a new study including 118 limbs that reported that RPI and absolute TcPO2 were both prognostic factors for limb viability at 1 year using a multivariate model. (4) Conclusions: Only one study firmly supporting the use of RPI, calculated using a reference probe on the arm, to predict BKA healing. Prospective studies are needed to validate this result; for other indications there is insufficient data supporting the use of a TcpO(2) reference probe at rest.
Published: 2023

30. Acceleration Capability in Elite Sprinters and Ground Impulse : Push More, Brake Less?

Author: Antoine Couturier, Eduardo Saez de Villareal, Giuseppe Rabita, Sylvain Dorel, Jean-Benoit Morin, Pierre Samozino, Jean Slawinski, Matt Brughelli, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Auckland University of Technology ( AUT ), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP )
Subjects: Male, Ground reaction force, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Acceleration, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Impulse (physics), Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Linear regression, Brake, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Simulation, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, Mechanical Phenomena, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Mechanics, Biomechanical Phenomena, Sprint, Sprint start, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Epub 2015 Jul 17; Overground sprint studies have shown the importance of net horizontal ground reaction force impulse (IMPH) for acceleration performance, but only investigated one or two steps over the acceleration phase, and not in elite sprinters. The main aim of this study was to distinguish between propulsive (IMPH+) and braking (IMPH−) components of the IMPH and seek whether, for an expected higher IMPH, faster elite sprinters produce greater IMPH+, smaller IMPH−, or both.Nine high-level sprinters (100-m best times range: 9.95–10.60 s) performed 7 sprints (2×10 m, 2×15 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m) during which ground reaction force was measured by a 6.60 m force platform system. By placing the starting-blocks further from the force plates at each trial, and pooling the data, we could assess the mechanics of an entire “virtual” 40-m acceleration.IMPH and IMPH+ were significantly correlated with 40-m mean speed (r=0.868 and 0.802, respectively; P
Published: 2015

31. A simple method for measuring power, force, velocity properties, and mechanical effectiveness in sprint running

Author: Samozino, Pierre, Rabita, Giuseppe, Dorel, Sylvain, Slawinski, Jean, Peyrot, Nicolas, Saez de Villareal, Eduardo, Morin, Jean-Benoît, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Déterminants Interculturels de la Motricité et de la Performance Sportive (DIMPS), Université de La Réunion (UR), Universidad Pablo de Olavide [Sevilla] (UPO), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Déterminants Interculturels de la Motricité et de la Performance Sportive ( DIMPS ), Université de la Réunion ( UR ), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS)
Subjects: [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract: International audience; This study aimed to validate a simple field method for determining force– and power–velocity relationships and mechanical effectiveness of force application during sprint running. The proposed method, based on an inverse dynamic approach applied to the body center of mass, estimates the step-averaged ground reaction forces in runner's sagittal plane of motion during overground sprint acceleration from only anthropometric and spatio-temporal data. Force– and power–velocity relationships, the associated variables, and mechanical effectiveness were determined (a) on nine sprinters using both the proposed method and force plate measurements and (b) on six other sprinters using the proposed method during several consecutive trials to assess the inter-trial reliability. The low bias (
Published: 2015

32. Modifications thérapeutiques du mode de vie : Alimentation et activité physique

Author: Grémeaux, Vincent, Thevenon, André, Fromont, François, Daviet, Jean-Christophe, Bouillet, Benjamin, Edouard, Pascal, Hupin, David, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement ( HAVAE ), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), F Beuret-Blanquart, P Dehail, D Perennou, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement (HAVAE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), F Beuret-Blanquart, P Dehail, and D Perennou
Subjects: Exercice physique, Mode de vie, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Alimentation, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

33. Correlation between low FAT1 expression and early affected muscle in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

Author: Mariot, Virginie, Roche, S., Portilho, Débora, Sacconi, Sabrina, Puppo, Francesca, Duguez, Stéphanie, Rameau, Philippe, Caruso, Nathalie, Delezoide, A.L, Desnuelle, Claude, Bessières, Bettina, Collardeau, Sophie, Feasson, Léonard, Maisonobe, Thierry, Magdinier, Frédérique, Helmbacher, Françoise, Butler-Browne, Gillian, Mouly, Vincent, Dumonceaux, Julie, Hourdé, Christophe, Centre de recherche en myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Plateforme imagerie et cytométrie (PFIC), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Lyon, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Association française contre les myopathies ( AFM-Téléthon ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Institut de Biologie Valrose ( IBV ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plateforme imagerie et cytométrie ( PFIC ), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse ( AMMICa ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille ( IBDM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement ( Inserm U781 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Service de Neurophysiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, FSHD, Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy, DNA methylation, SMCHD1, DUX4, Haploinsufficiency, DNA combing, FAT1-protocadherin, [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is linked to either contraction of D4Z4 repeats on chromosome 4 or to mutations in the SMCHD1 gene, both of which result in the aberrant expression of the transcription factor DUX4. However, it is still difficult to correlate these genotypes with the phenotypes observed in patients. Because we have recently shown that mice with disrupted Fat1 functions exhibit FSHD-like phenotypes, we have investigated the expression of the human FAT1 gene in FSHD.METHODS: We first analyzed FAT1 expression in FSHD adult muscles and determined whether FAT1 expression was driven by DUX4. We next determined FAT1 expression levels in 64 muscles isolated from 16 control fetuses. These data were further complemented with analysis of Fat1 expression in developing mouse embryos.RESULTS: We demonstrated that FAT1 expression is independent of DUX4. Moreover, we observed that (1) in control fetal human biopsies or in developing mouse embryos, FAT1 is expressed at lower levels in muscles that are affected at early stages of FSHD progression than in muscles that are affected later or are nonaffected; and (2) in adult muscle biopsies, FAT1 expression is lower in FSHD muscles compared to control muscles.INTERPRETATION: We propose a revised model for FSHD in which FAT1 levels might play a role in determining which muscles will exhibit early and late disease onset, whereas DUX4 may worsen the muscle phenotype.
Published: 2015

34. Aptitude au sport chez l'adulte et l'enfant. Besoins nutritionnels chez le sportif

Author: Pascal Edouard, David Hupin, Frederic Roche, Benjamin Bouillet Bouillet, daviet jean-christophe, Vincent Grémeaux, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Service de Physiologie Clinique, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -CHU Nord Saint-Etienne, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement ( HAVAE ), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), F Beuret-Blanquart, P Dehail, D Perennou, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Nord Saint-Etienne, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement (HAVAE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), F Beuret-Blanquart, P Dehail, D Perennou, and Daviet, Jean-Christophe
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

35. Ankle Muscular Proprioceptive Signals’ Relevance for Balance Control on Various Support Surfaces

Author: Forestier, Nicolas, Terrier, Romain, Teasdale, Normand, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laval University [Québec], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

36. Compensation of lateralized fatigue due to referent static positional signals in an ankle-matching task

Author: François Bonnetblanc, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], medicine.medical_specialty, Matching (statistics), Proprioception, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Feed forward, 030229 sport sciences, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, Compensation (engineering), Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Physical therapy, Medicine, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Ankle, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The main objective of this study was to examine whether static and dynamic signals from a non-fatigued reference ankle can differently improve the movement accuracy of a fatigued ankle. To address this question, subjects performed an ankle-matching task in a control condition and in a condition of local fatigue induced in the right tibialis anterior, in two matching conditions. In a bilateral condition, the matching task was completed with the two ankles simultaneously. In a unilateral condition subjects had to match the exact target position with the left non-fatigued ankle first and then tried to match the target position with the right fatigued ankle. Results showed that the final accuracy of the right fatigued ankle was degraded when matched with both ankles simultaneously while, for the unilateral condition, the final accuracy remained constant whether the ankle was fatigued or not. In addition, the EMG activity of the right tibialis increased significantly in the acceleration portion of the ankle movement for the unilateral condition. These results suggest that the CNS was able to integrate the correct static positional signals originating from the left reference ankle, to improve the movement accuracy of the controlateral fatigued ankle. This compensation of lateralized fatigue is operated in a feedforward manner.
Published: 2006

37. Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activation and glucocorticoid‐responsive gene expression in skeletal muscle and liver of Apc mice

Author: Agnès Martin, Josiane Castells, Valentine Allibert, Andréa Emerit, Cindy Zolotoff, Victoire Cardot‐Ruffino, Yann S. Gallot, Barbara Vernus, Véronique Chauvet, Laurent Bartholin, Laurent Schaeffer, Anne‐Cécile Durieux, Christophe Hourdé, François B. Favier, Laetitia Mazelin, Damien Freyssenet, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Laboratoire de Biologie de l'Exercice pour la Performance et la Santé (LBEPS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme (DMEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Comité Saône et Loire), Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation MESRI, Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), and Raynaud, Christelle
Subjects: Male, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Cachexia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Expression, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Skeletal muscle, Cancer cachexia, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Mice, Inbred C57BL, Carcinoma, Lewis Lung, Mice, Glucocorticoid, Metabolism, Liver, Physiology (medical), Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, Quality of Life, Animals, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, Glucocorticoids, Aged
Abstract: Cancer patients at advanced stages experience a severe depletion of skeletal muscle compartment together with a decrease in muscle function, known as cancer cachexia. Cachexia contributes to reducing quality of life, treatment efficiency, and lifespan of cancer patients. However, the systemic nature of the syndrome is poorly documented. Here, we hypothesize that glucocorticoids would be important systemic mediators of cancer cachexia.To explore the role of glucocorticoids during cancer cachexia, biomolecular analyses were performed on several tissues (adrenal glands, blood, hypothalamus, liver, and skeletal muscle) collected from ApcTwenty-three-week-old Apc mice recapitulated important features of cancer cachexia including body weight loss (-16%, P 0.0001), muscle atrophy (gastrocnemius muscle: -53%, P 0.0001), and weakness (-50% in tibialis anterior muscle force, P 0.0001), increased expression of atrogens (7-fold increase in MuRF1 transcript level, P 0.0001) and down-regulation of Akt-mTOR pathway (3.3-fold increase in 4EBP1 protein content, P 0.0001), together with a marked transcriptional rewiring of hepatic metabolism toward an increased expression of gluconeogenic genes (Pcx: +90%, Pck1: +85%), and decreased expression of glycolytic (Slc2a2: -40%, Gk: -30%, Pklr: -60%), ketogenic (Hmgcs2: -55%, Bdh1: -80%), lipolytic/fatty oxidation (Lipe: -50%, Mgll: -60%, Cpt2: -60%, Hadh: -30%), and lipogenic (Acly: -30%, Acacb: -70%, Fasn: -45%) genes. The hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis was activated, as evidenced by the increase in the transcript levels of genes encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus (2-fold increase, P 0.01), adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor (3.4-fold increase, P 0.001), and steroid biosynthesis enzymes (Cyp21a1, P 0.0001, and Cyp11b1, P 0.01) in the adrenal glands, as well as by the increase in corticosterone level in the serum (+73%, P 0.05), skeletal muscle (+17%, P 0.001), and liver (+24%, P 0.05) of cachectic 23-week-old Apc mice. A comparative transcriptional analysis with dexamethasone-treated C57BL/6J mice indicated that the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in 23-week-old ApcThese findings highlight the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-glucocorticoid pathway in the transcriptional regulation of skeletal muscle catabolism and hepatic metabolism during cancer cachexia. They also provide the paradigm for the design of new therapeutic strategies.
Published: 2022

38. Acid-base balance at high altitude in lowlanders and indigenous highlanders

Author: Michael M. Tymko, Christopher K. Willie, Connor A. Howe, Ryan L. Hoiland, Rachel M. Stone, Kaitlyn Tymko, Courtney Tymko, David MacLeod, James D. Anholm, Christopher Gasho, Francisco Villafuerte, Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo, Romulo Figueroa-Mujica, Trevor A. Day, Jordan D. Bird, Glen E. Foster, Craig D. Steinback, Julien V. Brugniaux, Benoit Champigneulle, Emeric Stauffer, Stephane Doutreleau, Samuel Verges, Erik R. Swenson, Philip N. Ainslie, University of British Columbia (UBC), University of Alberta, Vancouver General Hospital [Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada] (VGH), University of Windsor [Ca], University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Duke University Medical Center, Loma Linda University, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Université Mount Royal/Mount Royal University [Calgary, AB, Canada] (MRU), Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), University of Washington [Seattle], and SALAS, Danielle
Subjects: Renal compensation, Acid-Base Equilibrium, Acid-base balance, hypoxia, renal compensation, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Acclimatization, Altitude, Indigenous highlanders, acid-base balance, Altitude Sickness, indigenous highlanders, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Physiology (medical), high altitude, parasitic diseases, High altitude, Expeditions, Humans, Hypoxia
Abstract: International audience; High-altitude exposure results in a hyperventilatory-induced respiratory alkalosis followed by renal compensation (bicarbonaturia) to return arterial blood pH (pHa) toward sea-level values. However, acid-base balance has not been comprehensively examined in both lowlanders and indigenous populations-where the latter are thought to be fully adapted to high altitude. The purpose of this investigation was to compare acid-base balance between acclimatizing lowlanders and Andean and Sherpa highlanders at various altitudes (∼3,800, ∼4,300, and ∼5,000 m). We compiled data collected across five independent high-altitude expeditions and report the following novel findings: 1) at 3,800 m, Andeans (n = 7) had elevated pHa compared with Sherpas (n = 12; P < 0.01), but not to lowlanders (n = 16; 9 days acclimatized; P = 0.09); 2) at 4,300 m, lowlanders (n = 16; 21 days acclimatized) had elevated pHa compared with Andeans (n = 32) and Sherpas (n = 11; both P < 0.01), and Andeans had elevated pHa compared with Sherpas (P = 0.01); and 3) at 5,000 m, lowlanders (n = 16; 14 days acclimatized) had higher pHa compared with both Andeans (n = 66) and Sherpas (n = 18; P < 0.01, and P = 0.03, respectively), and Andean and Sherpa highlanders had similar blood pHa (P = 0.65). These novel data characterize acid-base balance acclimatization and adaptation to various altitudes in lowlanders and indigenous highlanders.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Lowlander, Andean, and Sherpa arterial blood data were combined across five independent high-altitude expeditions in the United States, Nepal, and Peru to assess acid-base status at ∼3,800, ∼4,300, and ∼5,000 m. The main finding was that Andean and Sherpa highlander populations have more acidic arterial blood, due to elevated arterial carbon dioxide and similar arterial bicarbonate compared with acclimatizing lowlanders at altitudes ≥4,300 m.
Published: 2022

39. Movement unpredictability and temporal constraints affect the integration of muscle fatigue information into forward models

Author: Florian Monjo, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] )
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Models, Neurological, Posture, Electromyography, Task (project management), Time, Acceleration, Young Adult, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Cognition, medicine, Reaction Time, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Communication, Analysis of Variance, Muscle fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, Movement (music), business.industry, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Motor Cortex, Efference copy, Prime mover, Biomechanical Phenomena, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Muscle Fatigue, Arm, Female, Primary motor cortex, Psychology, business, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract: When performing self-paced movements in a fatigued state, internal models can predict the mechanical effects of muscle fatigue. Yet, it is unclear if this is still true when movements are submitted to additional constraints. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the Central Nervous System’s (CNS) capacity to integrate fatigue signals into forward models’ prediction processes when the movement to perform is unpredictable and temporally constrained. Participants had to perform two different focal movements, depending on the random presentation of color word-color associations (Stroop-like task). They had to trigger fast arm extensions and flexions in a standing posture at the presentation of congruent and incongruent colors, respectively. These movements involve the implementation of predictive mechanisms of control, namely Anticipatory Postural Adjustments (APAs), which have been shown to depend on arm peak acceleration. APA timing and magnitude were measured using surface electromyography. The experimental task was performed before and after a fatiguing protocol involving the prime mover of the flexion movement. According to the assumption that APAs are constructed upstream from the primary motor cortex (M1), up to 1.4 s before movement onset on the basis of the processing of the relevant contextual-sensory information, the Stroop-like task aimed to prevent participants from predicting the movement to perform and to reduce movement preparation time. While the fatigue protocol resulted in significant alterations of arm flexion peak accelerations, APAs were not modified post-fatigue as compared to control trials. It is proposed that with unpredictable and temporally constrained movements, the CNS cannot incorporate fatigue signals in internal models’ prediction processes to reweight the motor information contained in the efference copy. It is also suggested that APA implementation is based on predictive processes occurring in internal models located upstream from M1.
Published: 2014

40. Unexperienced mechanical effects of muscular fatigue can be predicted by the Central Nervous System as revealed by anticipatory postural adjustments

Author: Florian Monjo, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurology, Movement, Central nervous system, Internal model, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, Kinematics, Statistics, Nonparametric, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Predictive Value of Tests, Isometric Contraction, medicine, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, Postural Balance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Muscle fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Feed forward, Adaptation, Physiological, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Muscle Fatigue, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Arm, Female, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Algorithms
Abstract: Muscular fatigue effects have been shown to be compensated by the implementation of adaptive compensa- tory neuromuscular strategies, resulting in modifications of the initial motion coordination. however, no studies have focused on the efficiency of the feedforward motor com- mands when muscular fatigue occurs for the first time dur - ing a particular movement. this study included 18 healthy subjects who had to perform arm-raising movements in a standing posture at a maximal velocity before and after a fatiguing procedure involving focal muscles. the arm-rais- ing task implies the generation of predictive processes of control, namely anticipatory Postural adjustments (aP as), whose temporal and quantitative features have been shown to be dependent on the kinematics of the upcoming arm- raising movement. By altering significantly the kinematic profile of the focal movement with a fatiguing procedure, we sought to find out whether aPas scaled to the lower mechanical disturbance. aPas were measured using sur - face electromyography. Following the fatiguing proce- dure, acceleration peaks of the arm movement decreased by ~27 %. aPas scaled to this lower fatigue-related dis- turbance during the very first trial post-fatigue, suggesting that the central Nervous system can predict unexperienced mechanical effects of muscle fatigue. It is suggested that these results are accounted for by prediction processes in which the central integration of the groups III and IV affer - ents leads to an update of the internal model by remapping the relationship between focal motor command magnitude and the actual mechanical output.
Published: 2014

41. Impaired control of weight bearing ankle inversion in subjects with chronic ankle instability

Author: R. Terrier, B. Toschi, Kevin Rose-Dulcina, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France ( PCC ), and Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Adult, Joint Instability, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Weakness, Orthotic Devices, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Movement, Biophysics, Joint stability, Ankle inversion, medicine.disease_cause, Prosthesis Design, Statistics, Nonparametric, Weight-bearing, Weight-Bearing, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Eccentric, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030222 orthopedics, Rehabilitation, Muscle Weakness, business.industry, Muscle weakness, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Chronic Disease, Physical therapy, Female, medicine.symptom, Ankle, business, Ankle Joint
Abstract: Background Previous studies have proposed that evertor muscle weakness represents an important factor affecting chronic ankle instability. For research purposes, ankle evertor strength is assessed by means of isokinetic evaluations. However, this methodology is constraining for daily clinical use. The present study proposes to assess ankle evertor muscle weakness using a new procedure, one that is easily accessible for rehabilitation specialists. To do so, we compared weight bearing ankle inversion control between patients suffering from chronic ankle instability and healthy subjects. Methods 12 healthy subjects and 11 patients suffering from chronic ankle instability conducted repetitions of one leg weight bearing ankle inversion on a specific ankle destabilization device equipped with a gyroscope. Ankle inversion control was performed by means of an eccentric recruitment of evertor muscles. Instructions were to perform, as slow as possible, the ankle inversion while resisting against full body weight applied on the tested ankle. Results Data clearly showed higher angular inversion velocity peaks in patients suffering from chronic ankle instability. This illustrates an impaired control of weight bearing ankle inversion and, by extension, an eccentric weakness of evertor muscles. Interpretation The present study supports the hypothesis of a link between the decrease of ankle joint stability and evertor muscle weakness. Moreover, it appears that the new parameter is of use in a clinical setting.
Published: 2014

42. Resting and active motor thresholds versus stimulus–response curves to determine transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity in quadriceps femoris

Author: John Temesi, Samuel Verges, Thomas Rupp, Mathieu Gruet, Guillaume Y. Millet, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire HP2, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Human Performance, University of Calgary, Rhône-Alpes Region, Fonds de Dotation Recherche en Santé Respiratoire, appel d'offres 2011, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), BMC, Ed., Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Vastus medialis, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Health Informatics, Stimulation, Electromyography, Stimulus (physiology), Stimulus intensity determination, Quadriceps Muscle, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Methodological considerations, Fatigue, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Research, Rehabilitation, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Motor Cortex, 030229 sport sciences, Evoked Potentials, Motor, C600, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Coactivation, body regions, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, [ SDV.NEU.NB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Physical therapy, medicine.symptom, Psychology, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Motor cortex
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a widely-used investigative technique in motor cortical evaluation. Recently, there has been a surge in TMS studies evaluating lower-limb fatigue. TMS intensity of 120-130% resting motor threshold (RMT) and 120% active motor threshold (AMT) and TMS intensity determined using stimulus-response curves during muscular contraction have been used in these studies. With the expansion of fatigue research in locomotion, the quadriceps femoris is increasingly of interest. It is important to select a stimulus intensity appropriate to evaluate the variables, including voluntary activation, being measured in this functionally important muscle group. This study assessed whether selected quadriceps TMS stimulus intensity determined by frequently employed methods is similar between methods and muscles. METHODS: Stimulus intensity in vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and vastus medialis muscles was determined by RMT, AMT (i.e. during brief voluntary contractions at 10% maximal voluntary force, MVC) and maximal motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude from stimulus-response curves during brief voluntary contractions at 10, 20 and 50% MVC at different stimulus intensities. RESULTS: Stimulus intensity determined from a 10% MVC stimulus-response curve and at 120 and 130% RMT was higher than stimulus intensity at 120% AMT (lowest) and from a 50% MVC stimulus-response curve (p < 0.05). Stimulus intensity from a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve was similar to 120% RMT and 50% MVC stimulus-response curve. Mean stimulus intensity for stimulus-response curves at 10, 20 and 50% MVC corresponded to approximately 135, 115 and 100% RMT and 180, 155 and 130% AMT, respectively. Selected stimulus intensity was similar between muscles for all methods (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Similar optimal stimulus intensity and maximal MEP amplitudes at 20 and 50% MVC and the minimal risk of residual fatigue at 20% MVC suggest that a 20% MVC stimulus-response curve is appropriate for determining TMS stimulus intensity in the quadriceps femoris. The higher selected stimulus intensities at 120-130% RMT have the potential to cause increased coactivation and discomfort and the lower stimulus intensity at 120% AMT may underestimate evoked responses. One muscle may also act as a surrogate in determining optimal quadriceps femoris stimulation intensity.
Published: 2014

43. Prognosis of Old Intensive Care COVID-19 Patients at a Glance: The Senior COVID Study

Author: Vacheron, C. H., Bitker, L., Thiolliere, F., Subtil, F., Ábrahám, P., Collange, V., Balança, B., Haine, M., Guichon, C., Leroy, C., Simon, M., Malapert, A., Roche, M., Pialat, J. B., Jallades, L., Lepape, A., Friggeri, A., Falandry, C., Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Pôle de Santé Publique [Lyon], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Service d'anesthésie-réanimation [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Université de Lyon, Médipôle Lyon-Villeurbanne (MLV), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Hôpital Nord-Ouest de Villefranche-sur-Saône [Gleize] (HNOVS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre Hospitalier Emile Roux [Le Puy-en-Velay] (CH Le Puy-en-Velay), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Henry Gabrielle [CHU - HCL], Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and CarMeN, laboratoire
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, General Veterinary, Ecology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Animal Science and Zoology, Forestry, Surgery, Plant Science, Horticulture, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, General Psychology
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: Admission in the intensive care unit of the old patient with coronavirus disease 19 raises an ethical question concerning the scarce resources and their short-term mortality. METHODS: Patients aged over 60 from 7 different intensive care units admitted between March 1, 2020 and May 6, 2020, with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease 19 were included in the cohort. Twenty variables were collected during the admission, such as age, severity (Simplified Acute Physiology Score [SAPS] II), several data on physiological status before intensive care unit comorbidities, evaluation of autonomy, frailty, and biological variables. The objective was to model the 30-day mortality with relevant variables, compute their odds ratio associated with their 95% CI, and produce a nomogram to easily estimate and communicate the 30-day mortality. The performance of the model was estimated with the area under the receiving operating curve. RESULTS: We included 231 patients, among them 60 (26.0%) patients have died on the 30th day. The relevant variables selected to explain the 30-day mortality were Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) score (0.82 [0.71-0.94]), age 1.12 (1.07-1.18), SAPS II 1.05 (1.02-1.08), and dementia 6.22 (1.00-38.58). A nomogram was computed to visually represent the final model. Area under the receiving operating curve was at 0.833 (0.776-0.889). CONCLUSIONS: Age, autonomy, dementia, and severity at admission were important predictive variables for the 30-day mortality status, and the nomogram could help the physician in the decision-making process and the communication with the family.
Published: 2022

44. Reliability of shoulder rotators isokinetic strength imbalance measured using the Biodex dynamometer

Author: Vincent Gremeaux, Christian Hérisson, Philippe Codine, Pascal Edouard, Pierre-Louis Bernard, Pierre Samozino, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Shoulder, medicine.medical_specialty, Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Intraclass correlation, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Concentric, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Torque, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Reliability (statistics), Mathematics, Orthodontics, Reproducibility, Dynamometer, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Reproducibility of Results, 030229 sport sciences, Middle Aged, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cross-Sectional Studies, Standard error, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Physical therapy, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: Background Isokinetic assessment of shoulder internal and external rotators is commonly used by clinicians to assess muscle performance and to guide rehabilitation. The reliability of isokinetic assessment is fundamental to track small but clinically relevant changes. Objectives We aimed to analyze the absolute and relative reliability of strength imbalance indices such as peak torque ratios (ERconc/IRconc, ERecc/IRecc, ERecc/IRcon, IRecc/ERcon), bilateral concentric and eccentric strength ratios, and to examine the reliability of external rotator and internal rotator peak torque measured using a Biodex® dynamometer in the seated position. Design Cross-sectional laboratory study. Methods Forty-six healthy participants were tested twice with seven days between sessions, at 60 °/s and 120 °/s concentrically, and 30 °/s eccentrically. Results Low to moderate relative reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.25–0.81) was found for unilateral and bilateral strength imbalance ratios. High intraclass correlation coefficient values (0.87–0.97) were found for peak torque. Concerning absolute reliability, the standard error of measurement ranged from 9.1 to 25.6% for strength imbalance ratios and from 7.7 to 14.5% for peak torque measurements, and minimal detectable change ranged from 25.2 to 71% for strength imbalance ratios and from 21.3 to 40.2% for peak torque measurements. Conclusions The standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change reported in the present study should be taken into account when evaluating the individual longitudinal changes in clinical practice.
Published: 2013

45. Impact of Diet and Exercise Training-Induced Weight Loss on Myocardial Mechanics in Severely Obese Adolescents

Author: Obert, Philippe, Gueugnon, Carine, Ephane Nottin, St, Vinet, Agnes, Gayrard, Sandrine, Rupp, Thomas, Dumoulin, Gilles, Tordi, Nicolas, Mougin, Fabienne, EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire (LaPEC), Avignon Université (AU), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Bordeaux (UB), EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire ( LaPEC ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), and Université de Bordeaux ( UB )
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Objective: Recent findings indicated silent incipient myocardial dysfunction in juvenile obesity despite normal global cardiac function. The present study investigated whether lifestyle intervention is able to favorably impact these obesity-related myocardial abnormalities and whether improvements are related to changes in insulin resistance and cardiac remodeling. Design and Methods: Twenty-eight severe obese adolescents (OB) participated in a 9 month lifestyle intervention program (LIP) based on aerobic exercise and diet. Twenty healthy adolescents (CG) served as controls. Conventional echocardiography and myocardial mechanics were obtained at baseline and follow-up along with insulin resistance. Results: Insulin sensitivity improved (P < 0.001) and body weight decreased (P < 0.001) consecutive to LIP. At baseline, OB had depressed longitudinal (L) strain (CG: 218.3 6 2.6, OB: 214.2 6 3.6%, P < 0.001) and enhanced twist compared to controls. The LIP in OB restored L strain to normal values (216.9 6 3.5%, NS), whereas it did not affect twist mechanics. From stepwise multiple regression analysis, only baseline L strain and changes in BMI Z-score (r 2-adjusted 5 0.49, P < 0.001) emerged as independent predictors of L strain changes. Conclusions: Juvenile obesity is associated with myocardial mechanic abnormalities that can be partly corrected by lifestyle intervention. Restoration of longitudinal myocardial function occurs in the absence of left ventricular remodeling changes and is not associated with insulin resistance improvements.
Published: 2013

46. HbF-promoting polymorphisms may specifically reduce the residual risk of cerebral vasculopathy in SCA children with alpha-thalassemia

Author: Philippe Connes, Céline Renoux, Abdourahim Chamouine, Yves Bertrand, Françoise Bernaudin, Nathalie Bonello-Palot, Catherine Badens, Philippe Joly, Serge Pissard, Gall, Valérie, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Référence des Syndromes Drépanocytaires Majeurs, Thalassémies et Autres pathologies rares du globule rouge et de l’Erythropoïèse, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique [CHU - HCL] (IHOPe), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Physiology, Anemia, Sickle Cell, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Alpha-thalassemia, Disease, Quantitative trait locus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, alpha-Thalassemia, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Physiology (medical), Genotype, medicine, Humans, Child, Fetal Hemoglobin, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, Hematology, medicine.disease, Sickle cell anemia, Residual risk, Red blood cell, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease characterized by abnormal red blood cell rheology. Because of their effects on HbS polymerization and red blood cell deformability, alpha-thalassemia and the residual HbF level are known genetic modifiers of the disease. The aim of our study was to determine if the number of HbF quantitative trait loci (QTL) would also favor a specific sub-phenotype of SCA as it is the case for alpha-thalassemia. Our results confirmed that alpha-thalassemia protected from cerebral vasculopathy but increased the risk for frequent painful vaso-occlusive crises. We also showed that more HbF-QTL may provide an additional and specific protection against cerebral vasculopathy but only for children with alpha-thalassemia (-α/αα or -α/-α genotypes).
Published: 2021

47. Hand–head coordination changes from discrete to reciprocal hand movements for various difficulty settings

Author: Normand Teasdale, Romain Terrier, Mathieu Germain-Robitaille, Nicolas Forestier, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laval University [Québec], Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Offset (computer science), Movement, Speech recognition, 050105 experimental psychology, Hand movements, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reaction Time, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Communication, business.industry, General Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Hand, Head Movements, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Head movements, business, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Reciprocal
Abstract: The parameters dictating the temporal hand–head coordination during visually corrected movements remain elusive. Here we examine the effects of the nature (discrete vs reciprocal) and the difficulty (ID of 4.7, 5.7 and 6.7 bits) of the task on the temporal hand–head coordination during a Fitts’ like paradigm. Subjects aimed at a single target (discrete movement) or alternately to two targets (reciprocal movements). Head movements were unaffected by the ID during discrete movements. This was not the case during reciprocal movements where they were (1) smaller in duration and amplitude than during discrete movements and (2) increased in duration and amplitude with an increasing ID. To measure the temporal hand–head coordination, hand–head latencies were calculated at the onset, peak speed and offset of each movement. Offset latencies remained positive (i.e. the hand reached the target after the head stopped) for all IDs during reciprocal but not during discrete movements. Altogether, different patterns of temporal hand–head coordination were observed between discrete and reciprocal movements as well as between IDs, suggesting the hand–head coordination does not follow a fixed rule but is adjusted to task requirements.
Published: 2012

48. Absence de prise de poids après 4 semaines de surnutrition lipidique chez les maigreurs constitutionnelles : Profil des hormones de la régulation de l'appétit

Author: Germain, Natacha, Galusca, Bogdan, Feasson, Léonard, Grouselle, Dominique, Bloom, Stephen, Laville, Martine, Vidal, Hubert, Boirie, Yves, Estour, Bruno, Endocrinologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition ( CarMeN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne ( UNH ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes] ( INRA Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: supplément 2supplément 2; Introduction. À l'opposé de la résistance à la perte de poids des obèses, les maigreurs constitutionnelles (MC) ont naturellement un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) bas (13 - 17,5 kg/m2) sans trouble du comportement alimentaire, ni anomalie biologique ou hormonale, avec des règles conservées, une balance énergétique stable et un profil hormonal anorexigène en image en miroir de l'obésité. Nous avons voulu tester l'hypothèse d'une résistance à la prise de poids chez les MC. Patients et méthodes. 10 femmes MC (IMC < 17,5 kg/m2) et 10 femmes contrôles (C, IMC : 18,5-23 kg/m2) ont réalisé 4 semaines de surnutrition lipidi que (630kcal), encadrées par 3 bilans (initial, 1 mois et 2 mois) : DXA, PYY, GLP-1, ghréline et obéstatine, au cours d'un repas test, calorimétrie indirecte, génomique sur biopsies musculaire et adipeuse et métabolome urinaire. Résultats. Malgré une surnutrition significative et comparable dans les 2 groupes, la prise de poids n'a été significative que chez les C (+ 1 kg) avec une perte de poids significative chez les MC (- 0,370 kg). La surnutrition a entrainé une augmentation significative du métabolisme basal chez les MC uniquement, sans modification significative chez les C, ni modification de l'activité physique dans les 2 groupes. La surnutrition a entrainé une exacerbation du profil anorexigène chez les MC et un profil orexigène chez les C : PYY significativement augmenté chez les MC mais pas chez les C; temps d'exposition post prandial au GLP-1 significativement augmenté chez les MC mais pas chez les C; ghréline, ghréline octanoylée/totale et ghréline/obéstatine significativement augmentés chez les C mais pas chez les MC. Conclusion. La surnutrition lipidique de 4 semaines n'a pas permis de faire prendre du poids aux MC mais a entrainé une augmentation du MB et l'exacerbation du profil anorexigène des hormones de la régulation de l'appétit.
Published: 2012

49. Role of left ventricular untwisting in diastolic dysfunction after long duration exercise

Author: Alain Boussuges, Thomas Rupp, A. Ménétrier, Nicolas Tordi, Stéphane Nottin, EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire ( LaPEC ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées ( IMNSSA ), Service de Santé des Armées, EA4278 Laboratoire de Pharm-Ecologie Cardiovasculaire (LaPEC), Avignon Université (AU), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Institut de Médecine Navale du Service de Santé des Armées (IMNSSA)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Torsion Abnormality, medicine.medical_specialty, Sports medicine, Physiology, Heart Ventricles, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diastole, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Contractility, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Short duration, Ultrasonography, Prolonged exercise, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Stroke Volume, Peak systolic strain, General Medicine, Fractional shortening, Myocardial Contraction, Intensity (physics), Physical Endurance, Cardiology, Physical therapy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Numerous studies have reported that long duration exercise induces transient left ventricular (LV) dys-function. Using 2D-strain echocardiography, we aimed to describe cardiac mechanics following 2 h of exercise. We focused especially on LV twist since untwisting is crucial in the development of intraventricular pressure gradient, a key element of LV early Wlling. Twenty healthy males (20– 41 years) underwent a resting echocardiography including a 2D-strain evaluation based on velocity vector imaging before and after 2-h of cycling at a moderate intensity. Measurements included LV longitudinal, radial and cir-cumferential strains, and LV rotations and twist. After the prolonged exercise, the depressed diastolic function (peak E: 77.5 § 11.4 vs. 71.9 § 10.9, P < 0.01) was associated with a delay in peak untwisting velocity (110 § 14 vs. 119 § 14% of systolic duration, P < 0.05), whereas LV peak diastolic strain rates, indexes of LV relaxation, were unchanged. LV global systolic function and LV peak systolic strain rates remained normal after the exercise (fractional shortening: 36.8 § 2.8 vs. 36.9 § 5.7, NS). In conclusion, the present study gives new insight into cardiac dysfunction following long duration exercise. It demonstrates that depressed diastolic function is associated with delayed untwisting velocity, but depressed LV relaxation and contractility following exercise remains controversial.
Published: 2012

50. Reliability of isokinetic assessment of shoulder-rotator strength: a systematic review of the effect of position

Author: Vincent Gremeaux, Sophie Gleizes Cervera, Paul Calmels, Pascal Edouard, Marc Julia, William Vanbiervliet, Pierre Samozino, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation ( MPR ), Hôpital Bellevue, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Gremeaux, Vincent, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation (MPR), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Shoulder, Supine position, Intraclass correlation, Posture, Biophysics, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Context (language use), Sitting, 03 medical and health sciences, Rotator Cuff, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, 10. No inequality, Reliability (statistics), 030222 orthopedics, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Reproducibility of Results, 030229 sport sciences, Position (obstetrics), Coronal plane, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, business, Evidence synthesis, Muscle Contraction
Abstract: Context:Isokinetic assessment of shoulder internal- (IR) and external-rotator (ER) strength is commonly used with many different postures (sitting, standing, or supine) and shoulder positions (frontal or scapular plane with 45° or 90° of abduction).Objective:To conduct a systematic review to determine the influence of position on the intersession reliability of the assessment of IR and ER isokinetic strength, to identify the most reliable position, and to determine which isokinetic variable appears to be most stable in intersession reliability.Evidence Acquisition:A systematic literature search through MEDLINE and Pascal Biomed databases was performed in October 2009. Criteria for inclusion were that studies be written in English or French, describe the isokinetic evaluation methods, and describe statistical analysis.Evidence Synthesis:Sixteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Variable reliability of ER and IR peak torque (PT) were generally reported for all assessment positions; intraclass correlation coefficients were .44–.98 in the seated position with 45° of shoulder abduction, .09–.77 in the seated position with 90° of shoulder abduction, .86–.99 (coefficient of variation: 7.5–29.8%) in the supine position with 90° of shoulder abduction, .82–.84 in the supine position with 45° of shoulder abduction, and .75–.94 in standing. The ER:IR ratio reliability was low for all positions.Conclusions:The seated position with 45° of shoulder abduction in the scapular plane seemed the most reliable for IR and ER strength assessment. The standing position or a shoulder posture with 90° of shoulder abduction or in the frontal plane must be used with caution given the low reliability for peak torque. Good reliability of ER and IR PT was generally reported, but ER:IR ratio reliability was low.
Published: 2011

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