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21 results on '"Lab Nutr '

1. The protein sparing effects of high lipid levels in diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W. 1792) with special reference to reduction of total nitrogen excretion

Author

Murat Yigit, S. Koshio, Öztekin Yardim, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, and Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Fac Fisheries, Dept Aquaculture, Lab Nutr, TR-57000 Sinop, Turkey -- Cumhuriyet Univ, Vocat Sch Susehri, Dept Fisheries, TR-58000 Susehri Sivas, Turkey -- Kagoshima Univ, Fac Fisheries, Lab Aquat Anim Nutr, Kagoshima 8900056, Japan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Dietary lipid, nitrogen excretion, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Feed conversion ratio, rainbow trout, protein sparing, Excretion, lipids, Trout, Endocrinology, Animal science, Internal medicine, medicine, Total nitrogen, Rainbow trout, medicine.symptom, Agronomy and Crop Science, Weight gain, Protein sparing
Abstract

WOS: 000177630900004, This research sought to develop low-protein, high-energy (less-polluting) diets for rainbow trout to properly utilize protein and reduce total nitrogen excretion. Duplicate groups of rainbow trout were fed one of four experimental diets with a protein to energy (P:E) ratio of 25, 24, 22 or 19 mg/kJ and a lipid content of 12, 13, 17 or 26%, respectively. The diets were given to fish with a mean initial weight of 181 g for 70 days. At the conclusion of the trial, mean weights ranged from 353.17 g (94% weight gain) to 394.75 g (118% weight gain) with 100% survival in all treatments. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein retention increased as the dietary lipid content increased and as the P:E ratio decreased. Fish fed the 22 mg protein/kJ energy diet (17% lipid, 44% protein, 20.34 kJ/g gross energy) performed best. This indicates that the protein content in practical trout feeds can be reduced from the currently used 47% to around 44% without reducing the growth rate and feed efficiency, if high quality protein is used and the gross energy is increased by lipid to about 20.34 kJ/g diet. The low-protein, high-energy diets reduced the total nitrogen excretion from the rainbow trout by 27%.

Published
2002

2. Beta cell functionality and hepatic insulin resistance are major contributors to type 2 diabetes remission and starting pharmacological therapy: from CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial

Author

Oriol A. Rangel-Zuñiga, Antonio Camargo, Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Jose D Torres-Peña, Silvia de la Cruz-Ares, Alejandro Villasanta-Gonzalez, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Raúl M. Luque, Javier Delgado-Lista, Irene Roncero-Ramos, Jose M. Ordovas, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Francisco Gomez-Delgado, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Univ Cordoba, Maimonides Biomed Res Inst Cordoba IMIBIC, Dept Internal Med, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Unit,Reina Sofia Univ Ho, Cordoba, SpainInst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Cordoba, SpainMaimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Cordoba, SpainUniv Cordoba, Dept Cell Biol Physiol & Immunol, Cordoba, SpainTufts Univ, JM US Dept Agr Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USACNIC, IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain, Fundacion Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, Junta de Andalucia (Consejeria de Salud, Consejeria de Agricultura y Pesca, Consejeria de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa), Diputaciones de Jaen y Cordoba, Centro de Excelencia en Investigacion sobre Aceite de Oliva y Salud, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Medio Rural y Marino, Gobierno de Espana, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of Spain, Directorate General for Assessment and Promotion of Research, EU's European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), Universidad de Cordoba/CBUA, ISCIII postdoctoral research contract, and CIBEROBN postdoctoral research contract

Subjects
Male, Fat accumulation, Disease, Type 2 diabetes, Glucose-production, Diet, Mediterranean, Gastroenterology, law.invention, Glycemic control, Sensitivity, Randomized controlled trial, law, Weight loss, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Fatty Acids, Alanine Transaminase, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Liver, Female, medicine.symptom, Beta cell, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatic insulin resistance, Pathophysiology, Insulin resistance, Cardiovascular-disease, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Secretion, Glycated Hemoglobin, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Glucose Tolerance Test, CORDIOPREV, Intervention studies, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dysfunction, Weight-loss, Insulin Resistance, business, Tolerance
Abstract

In order to assess whether previous hepatic IR (Hepatic-IRfasting) and beta-cell functionality could modulate type 2 diabetes remission and the need for starting glucose-lowering treatment, newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes participants who had never received glucose-lowering treatment (190 out of 1002) from the CORDIOPREV study (a prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trial), were randomized to consume a Mediterranean or a low-fat diet. Type 2 diabetes remission was defined according to the ADA recommendation for levels of HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose and 2h plasma glucose after OGTT, and having maintained them for at least 2 consecutive years. Patients were classified according to the median of Hepatic-IRfasting and beta-cell functionality, measured as the disposition index (DI) at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression determined the potential for Hepatic-IRfasting and DI indexes as predictors of diabetes remission and the probability of starting pharmacological treatment after a five-year follow-up. Low-Hepatic-IRfasting or high-DI patients had a higher probability of diabetes remission than high-Hepatic-IRfasting or low-DI subjects (HR:1.79;95%CI 1.06-3.05; and HR:2.66;95%CI 1.60-4.43, respectively) after a dietary intervention with no pharmacological treatment and no weight loss. The combination of low-Hepatic-IRfasting and high-DI presented the highest probability of remission (HR:4.63;95%CI 2.00-10.70). Among patients maintaining diabetes, those with high- Hepatic-IRfasting and low-DI showed the highest risk of starting glucose-lowering therapy (HR:3.24;95%CI 1.50-7.02). Newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients with better beta-cell functionality and lower Hepatic-IRfasting had a higher probability of type 2 diabetes remission in a dietary intervention without pharmacological treatment or weight loss, whereas among patients not achieving remission, those with worse beta-cell functionality and higher Hepatic-IRfasting index had the highest risk of starting glucose-lowering treatment after five years of follow-up. BACKGROUND: Our current knowledge regarding the etiology of type 2 diabetes points to hepatic insulin resistance and beta cell functionality as two major abnormalities underlying the disease. Previous studies have associated type 2 diabetes remission with weight loss, together with a decrease in liver fat content and a higher beta cell recovery. TRANSLATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE: Patients with lower hepatic insulin resistance and better beta cell functionality had a higher probability of remission without significant weight loss or pharmacological treatment. These results suggest that clinicians could identify patients with specific phenotypes in early-diagnosed type 2 diabetes that could be the key to achieve higher remission rates without weight loss or pharmacological treatment.

Published
2021

3. A Global Declaration on Appropriate Use of Antimicrobial Agents across the Surgical Pathway

Author

Sartelli, M., Kluger, Y., Ansaloni, L., Carlet, J., Brink, A., Hardcastle, T. C., Khanna, A., Chicom-Mefire, A., Rodríguez-Baño, J., Nathwani, D., Mendelson, M., Watkins, R. R., Pulcini, C., Beović, B., May, A. K., Itani, K. M. F., Mazuski, J. E., Fry, D. E., Coccolini, F., Rasxa, K., Montravers, P., Eckmann, C., Abbo, L. M., Abubakar, S., Abu-Zidan, F. M., Adesunkanmi, A. K., Al-Hasan, M. N., Althani, A. A., Ticas, J. E. A., Ansari, S., Ansumana, R., Da Silva, A. R. A. , Augustin, G. , Bala, M. , Balogh, Z. J. , Baraket, O. , Bassetti, M. , Bellanova, G. , Beltran, M. A. , Ben-Ishay, O. , Boermeester, M. A. , Brecher, S. M. , Bueno, J. , Cainzos, M. A. , Cairns, K. , Camacho-Ortiz, A. , Ceresoli, M. , Chandy, S. J. , Cherry-Bukowiec, J. R. , Cirocchi, R. , Colak, E. , Corcione, A. , Cornely, O. A. , Cortese, F. , Cui, Y. , Curcio, D. , Damaskos, D. , Dasx, K. , Delibegovic, S. , Demetrashvili, Z. be, De Simone, B. bf, De Souza, H. P. bg, De Waele, J. bh, Dhingra, S. bi, Diaz, J. J. bj, Di Carlo, I. bk, Di Marzo, F. bl, DI TOMASO, SAVERIO, S. , Dogjani, A. , Dorj, G. , Dortet, L. , Duane, T. M. , Dupont, H. , Egiev, V. N. , Eid, H. O. , Elmangory, El-Sayed Marei, H. , Enani, M. A. , Escandón-Vargas, K. , Faro, M. P. , J.r., Ferrada, P., Foghetti, D., Foianini, E., Fraga, G. P., Frattima, S., Gandhi, C., Gattuso, G., Giamarellou, E., Ghnnam, W., Gkiokas, G., Girardis, M., Goff, D. A., Gomes, C. A., Gomi, H., Gronerth, R. I. G., Guirao, X., Guzman-Blanco, M., Haque, M., Hecker, A., Hell, M., Herzog, T., Hicks, L., Kafka-Ritsch, R., Kao, L. S., Kanj, S. S., Kaplan, L. J., Kapoor, G., Karamarkovic, A., Kashuk, J., Kenig, J., Khamis, F., Khokha, V., Kiguba, R., Kirkpatrick, A. W., Kørner, H., Koike, K., Kok, K. Y. Y., Kon, K., Kong, V., Inaba, K., Ioannidis, O., Isik, A., Iskandar, K., Labbate, M., Labricciosa, F. M., Lagrou, K., Lagunes, L., Latifi, R., Lasithiotakis, K., Laxminarayan, R., Lee, J. G., Leone, M., Leppäniemi, A., Li, Y., Liang, S. Y., Liau, K. -.H., Litvin, A., Loho, T., Lowman, W., Machain, G. Mf, Maier, R. V., Manzano-Nunez, R., Marinis, A., Marmorale, C., Martin-Loeches, I., Marwah, S., Maseda, E., McFarlane, M., BEZERRA DE MELO PEREIRA NUNES, CINTIA, R. , Melotti, R. , Memish, Z. , Mertz, D. , Mesina, C. , Menichetti, F. , Mishra, S. K. , Montori, G. , Moore, E. E. , Moore, F. A. , Naidoo, NAPOLITANO, NELLO, L. , Negoi, I. , Nicolau, D. P. , Nikolopoulos, I. , Nord, C. E. , Ofori-Asenso, R. , Olaoye, I. , Omari, A. H. , Ordoñez, C. A. , Ouadii, M. , Ouedraogo, A. , Pagani, L. , Paiva, J. A. , Parreira, J. G. , Pata, F. fm, Pereira, J., Pereira, N. R., Petrosillo, N., Picetti, E., Pintar, T., Ponce-De-Leon, A., Popovski, Z., Poulakou, G., Preller, J., Guerrero, A. P., Pupelis, G., Quiodettis, M., Rawson, T. M., Reichert, M., Reinhart, K., Rems, M., Rello, J., Rizoli, S., ROBERTS, HENRI JOHAN EDUARD, Rubio-Perez, I., Ruppé, E., Sakakushev, B., Sall, I., Kafil, H. S. j, Sanders, J., Sato, N., Sawyer, R. G., T. , Scibé, R. , Scudeller, L. , Lohse, H. S. , Sganga, G. , Shafiq, N. , Shah, J. N. , Spigaglia, P. , Suroowan, S. , Tsioutis, C. , Sifri, C. D. , Siribumrungwong, B. , Sugrue, M. , Talving, P. , Tan, B. K. , Tarasconi, A. , Tascini, C. , Tilsed, J. , Timsit, J. -.F. , Tumbarello, M. , Trung, N. T. , Ulrych, J. , Uranues, S. , Velmahos, G. , Vereczkei, A. G. , Viale, P. , Estape, J. V. , Viscoli, C. , Wagenlehner, F. , Wright, B. J. , Xiao, Y. , Yuan, K. -.C. , Zachariah, S. K. , Zahar, J. R. , Mergulhão, P. , Catena, Réanimation Médico-Chirurgicale, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de Sevilla, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Klinik I für Innere Medizin und Zentrum für Klinische Studien (ZKS) 01KN0706, Universitätsklinikum Köln (Uniklinik Köln), AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität = Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy (CDDEP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hartford Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA), Instituto Nacional de matematica pura e aplicada, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Departmet of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Nephrologic Diseases, Section of Infectious Diseases, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna (UNIBO), Infectious Diseases, University of Genoa (UNIGE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph (hpsj), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Sartelli, Massimo, Kluger, Yoram, Ansaloni, Luca, Carlet, Jean, Dorj, Gereltuya, Catena, Fausto, [Sartelli, Massimo] Macerata Hosp, Dept Surg, Macerata, Italy, [Scibe, Rodolfo] Macerata Hosp, Dept Surg, Macerata, Italy, [Kluger, Yoram] Rambam Hlth Care Campus, Dept Gen Surg, Div Surg, Haifa, Israel, [Ben-Ishay, Ofir] Rambam Hlth Care Campus, Dept Gen Surg, Div Surg, Haifa, Israel, [Ansaloni, Luca] Papa Giovanni XXIII Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Bergamo, Italy, [Coccolini, Federico] Papa Giovanni XXIII Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Bergamo, Italy, [Ceresoli, Marco] Papa Giovanni XXIII Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Bergamo, Italy, [Montori, Giulia] Papa Giovanni XXIII Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Bergamo, Italy, [Carlet, Jean] World Alliance Antibiot Resistance, Paris, France, [Brink, Adrian] Milpark Hosp, Ampath Natl Lab Serv, Dept Clin Microbiol, Johannesburg, South Africa, [Brink, Adrian] Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & HIV Med, Cape Town, South Africa, [Hardcastle, Timothy C.] Inkosi Albert Luthuli Cent Hosp, Trauma Serv, Durban, South Africa, [Hardcastle, Timothy C.] Nelson R Mandela Sch Clin Med, Dept Surg, Durban, South Africa, [Khanna, Ashish] Ctr Crit Care, Anaesthesiol Inst, Cleveland, OH USA, [Khanna, Ashish] Cleveland Clin, Dept Outcomes Res, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, [Chicom-Mefire, Alain] Univ Buea, Dept Surg & Obstet Gynaecol, Buea, Cameroon, [Foianini, Esteban] Univ Buea, Dept Surg & Obstet Gynaecol, Buea, Cameroon, [Rodriguez-Bano, Jesus] Hosp Univ Virgen Macarena & Virge del Rocio IbiS, Unidad Clin Interctr Enfermedades Infecciosas Mic, Seville, Spain, [Rodriguez-Bano, Jesus] Univ Seville, Dept Med, Seville, Spain, [Nathwani, Dilip] Ninewells Hosp & Med Sch, Dundee, Scotland, [Mendelson, Marc] Univ Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & HIV Med, Cape Town, South Africa, [Watkins, Richard R.] Cleveland Clin Akron Gen, Div Infect Dis, Akron, OH USA, [Watkins, Richard R.] Northeast Ohio Med Univ, Rootstown, OH USA, [Pulcini, Celine] Lorraine Univ, EA APEMAC 4360, Nancy, France, [Pulcini, Celine] Nancy Univ Hosp, Infect Dis Dept, Nancy, France, [Beovic, Bojana] Univ Med Ctr Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, [Beovic, Bojana] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Med, Ljubljana, Slovenia, [May, Addison K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Div Trauma & Surg Crit Care, Nashville, TN USA, [Itani, Kamal M. F.] Boston Univ, Dept Surg, VA Boston Hlth Care Syst, Boston, MA 02215 USA, [Itani, Kamal M. F.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA, [Mazuski, John E.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Fry, Donald E.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA, [Fry, Donald E.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA, [Rasa, Kemal] Anadolu Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Kocaali, Turkey, [Montravers, Philippe] Bichat Claude Bernard Univ Hosp, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Cite Univ, Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, HUPNSV, Paris, France, [Eckmann, Christian] Hannover Med Sch, Acad Hosp, Dept Gen Visceral & Thorac Surg, Peine, Germany, [Abbo, Lilian M.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Jackson Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA, [Abbo, Lilian M.] Bayero Univ, Dept Nursing Sci, Kano, Nigeria, [Abubakar, Salisu] UAE Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates, [Abu-Zidan, Fikri M.] Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ife, Nigeria, [Al-Hasan, Majdi N.] Univ South Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Columbia, SC USA, [Althani, Asma A.] Qatar Univ, Biomed Res Ctr, Doha, Qatar, [Marei, Hany El-Sayed] Qatar Univ, Biomed Res Ctr, Doha, Qatar, [Ticas, Jorge Eduardo Alvarenga] Hosp Nacl Ros, Emergency Unit, San Salvador, El Salvador, [Ansari, Shamshul] Oita Univ, Dept Environm & Prevent Med, Fac Med, Oita, Japan, [Ansari, Shamshul] Chitwan Med Coll, Dept Microbiol, Bharatpur, Nepal, [Ansumana, Rashid] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Ctr Neglected Trop Dis, Bo, Sierra Leone, [Ansumana, Rashid] Njala Univ, Mercy Hosp, Res Lab, Bo, Sierra Leone, [Araujo da Silva, Andre Ricardo] Prontobaby Hosp Crianca, Infect Control Comm, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, [Augustin, Goran] Univ Hosp Ctr, Dept Surg, Zagreb, Croatia, [Bala, Miklosh] Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr, Trauma & Acute Care Surg Unit, Jerusalem, Israel, [Balogh, Zsolt J.] John Hunter Hosp, Dept Traumatol, Newcastle, NSW, Australia, [Balogh, Zsolt J.] Univ Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia, [Baraket, Oussema] Bizerte Hosp, Dept Surg, Bizerte, Tunisia, [Bassett, Matteo] Santa Maria Misericordia Univ Hosp, Infect Dis Div, Udine, Italy, [Bellanova, Giovanni] SS Annunziata Hosp, Dept Surg, Taranto, Italy, [Beltran, Marcelo A.] Hosp San Juan Dios, Dept Gen Surg, La Serena, Chile, [Biffl, Walter L.] Queens Med Ctr, Acute Care Surg, Honolulu, HI USA, [Boermeester, Marja A.] Acad Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Amsterdam, Netherlands, [Brecher, Stephen M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, VA Boston HealthCare Syst, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA, [Brecher, Stephen M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA, [Bueno, Juan] Fdn Ctr Invest Bioprospecc & Biotecnol Biodivers, Barranquilla, Colombia, [Cainzos, Miguel A.] Hosp Clin Univ, Dept Surg, Santiago De Compostela, Spain, [Cairns, Kelly] Alfred Hlth, Pharm Dept, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian] Hosp Univ Dr Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez, Hosp Epidemiol & Infect Dis, Monterrey, Mexico, [Chandy, Sujith J.] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Pharmacol, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, [Cherry-Bukowiec, Jill R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Surg, Div Acute Care Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, [Cirocchi, Roberto] Univ Perugia, Dept Gen & Oncol Surg, Terni, Italy, [Colak, Elif] Hlth Sci Univ, Samsun Training & Res Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Samsun, Turkey, [Corcione, Antonio] AORN Colli Vincenzo Monaldi Hosp, Anesthesia & Intens Care Unit, Naples, Italy, [Cornely, Oliver A.] Univ Cologne, German Ctr Infect Res DZIF, Dept Internal Med 1, Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Respon, Cologne, Germany, [Cortese, Francesco] San Filippo Neris Hosp, Emergency Surg Unit, Rome, Italy, [Cui, Yunfeng] Tianjin Med Univ, Tianjin Nankai Hosp, Dept Surg, Nankai Clin Sch Med, Tianjin, Peoples R China, [Curcio, Daniel] Buenos Aires Univ, Infectol Inst SRL, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina, [Damaskos, Dimitris] Royal Infirm Edinburgh NHS Trust, Dept Surg, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Das, Koray] Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp, Dept Surg, Adana, Turkey, [Delibegovic, Samir] Univ Clin Ctr Tuzla, Dept Surg, Tuzla, Bosnia & Herceg, [Deme-Trashvili, Zaza] Kipshidze Cent Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Tbilisi, Georgia, [De Simone, Belinda] Cannes Hosp, Dept Digest Surg, Cannes, France, [de Souza, Hamilton Petry] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul PUCRS, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, [De Waele, Jan] Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Crit Care Med, Ghent, Belgium, [Dhingra, Sameer] Univ West Indies, Eric Williams Med Sci Complex, Sch Pharm, Fac Med Sci, Uriah Butler Highway, Champ Fleurs, Trinidad Tobago, [Diaz, Jose J.] Univ Maryland, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, Div Acute Care Surg, Program Trauma, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA, [Di Carlo, Isidoro] Univ Catania, Cannizzaro Hosp, Dept Surg Sci, Catania, Italy, [Di Marzo, Francesco] Versilia Hosp, Gen Surg, Usl Nordovest, Tuscany, Italy, [Di Saverio, Salomone] Maggiore Hosp, Dept Surg, Bologna, Italy, [Dogjani, Agron] Univ Hosp Trauma, Dept Surg, Tirana, Albania, [Dorj, Gereltuya] Mongolian Natl Univ Med Sci, Sch Pharm, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, [Dortet, Laurent] Paris Sud Univ, Bicetre Hosp, Dept Microbiol, La Kremlin Bicetre, France, [Duane, Therese M.] John Peter Smith Hlth Network, Dept Surg, Ft Worth, TX USA, [Dupont, Herve] Univ Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Amiens Picardie, Dept Anesthesie Reanimat, Amiens, France, [Dupont, Herve] Univ Picardie Jules Verne, INSERM, U1088, Amiens, France, [Egiev, Valery N.] Pirogov Russian Natl Res Med Univ, Dept Surg, Moscow, Russia, [Eid, Hani O.] Al Ain Hosp, Mediclin Middle East, Dept Emergency Med, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates, [Elmangory, Mutasim] Fed Minist Hlth, Sudan Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Khartoum, Sudan, [Enani, Mushira Abdulaziz] King Fahad Med City, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, [Escandon-Vargas, Kevin] Univ Valle, Escuela Med, Fac Salud, Cali, Colombia, [Faro Junior, Mario P.] ABC Med Sch, Dept Gen Surg Trauma, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil, [Faro Junior, Mario P.] ABC Med Sch, Emergency Surg Div, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil, [Ferrada, Paula] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Surg, Richmond, VA USA, [Foghetti, Domitilla] Pesaro Hosp, Dept Surg, Pesaro, Italy, Clin Foianini, Dept Surg, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, [Fraga, Gustavo P.] Univ Campinas Unicamp, Sch Med Sci, Dept Surg, Div Trauma Surg, Campinas, SP, Brazil, [Frattima, Sabrina] Ist Clin San Rocco Franciacorta, Brescia, Italy, [Gandhi, Chinmay] Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed Univ Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Surg, Sangli, Maharashtra, India, [Gattuso, Gianni] C Poma Hosp, Infect Dis Dept, Mantua, Italy, [Giamarellou, Eleni] Hygeia Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med 6, Athens, Greece, [Ghnnam, Wagih] Mansoura Univ, Mansoura Fac Med, Dept Gen Surg, Mansoura, Egypt, [Gkiokas, George] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Aretaieion Univ Hosp, Dept Surg 2, Athens, Greece, [Girardis, Massimo] Modena Univ Hosp, Intens Care Unit, Modena, Italy, [Goff, Debbie A.] Ohio State Univ, Wexner Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA, [Gomes, Carlos Augusto] Hosp Univ Terezinha Jesus, Dept Surg, Fac Ciencias Med & Saude Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil, [Gomi, Harumi] Univ Tsukuba, Mito Kyodo Gen Hosp, Ctr Global Hlth, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan, [Guerra Gronerth, Rosio Isabel] Peruvian Navy Med Ctr, Lima, Peru, [Guirao, Xavier] Parc Tauli Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Unit Endocrine Head & Neck Surg, Sabadell, Spain, [Guirao, Xavier] Parc Tauli Univ Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Unit Surg Infect Support, Sabadell, Spain, [Guzman-Blanco, Manuel] Hosp Privado Ctr Med Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela, [Guzman-Blanco, Manuel] Hosp Vargas Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela, [Haque, Mainul] Univ Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Natl Def Univ Malaysia, Unit Pharmacol, Fac Med & Def Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, [Reichert, Martin] Univ Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Natl Def Univ Malaysia, Unit Pharmacol, Fac Med & Def Hlth, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, [Hecker, Andreas] Univ Hosp Giessen, Dept Gen & Thorac Surg, Giessen, Germany, [Hell, Markus] Paracelsus Med Univ, Acad Teaching Lab, Clin Microbiol & Infect Control, MEDILAB Dr Mustafa Dr Richter OG, Salzburg, Austria, [Herzog, Torsten] Ruhr Univ Bochum, St Josef Hosp, Dept Surg, Bochum, Germany, [Hicks, Lauri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA, [Kafka-Ritsch, Reinhold] Innsbruck Med Univ, Dept Visceral Transplant & Thorac Surg, Innsbruck, Austria, [Kao, Lillian S.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA, [Kanj, Souha S.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Beirut, Lebanon, [Kaplan, Lewis J.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Kapoor, Garima] Gandhi Med Coll, Dept Microbiol, Bhopal, India, [Karamarkovic, Aleksandar] Univ Belgrade, Clin Emergency Surg, Med Fac, Belgrade, Serbia, [Kashuk, Jeffry] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Surg, Assia Med Grp, Sackler Sch Med, Tel Aviv, Israel, [Kenig, Jakub] Jagiellonian Univ, Med Coll, Dept Gen Surg 3, Krakow, Poland, [Khamis, Faryal] Royal Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Muscat, Oman, [Khokha, Vladimir] City Hosp, Dept Emergency Surg, Mozyr, BELARUS, [Kiguba, Ronald] Makerere Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda, [Kirkpatrick, Andrew W.] Foothills Med Ctr, Gen Acute Care Abdominal Wall Reconstruct & Traum, Calgary, AB, Canada, [Korner, Hartwig] Stavanger Univ Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Stavanger, Norway, [Koike, Kaoru] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Primary Care & Emergency Med, Kyoto, Japan, [Kok, Kenneth Y. Y.] Brunei Canc Ctr, Dept Surg, Jerudong Pk, Jerudong, Brunei, [Kon, Kateryna] Kharkiv Natl Med Univ, Dept Microbiol Virol & Immunol, Kharkov, Ukraine, [Kong, Victor] Edendale Hosp, Dept Surg, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, [Inaba, Kenji] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles Cty & Univ So Cali fornia Med Ctr, Div Acute Care Surg & Surg Crit Care, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA USA, [Ioannidis, Orestis] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Gen Hosp G Papanikolaou, Surg Dept 4, Med Sch, Thessaloniki, Greece, [Isik, Arda] Erzincan Univ, Dept Gen Surg, Fac Med, Erzincan, Turkey, [Iskandar, Katia] Lebanese Int Univ, Dept Pharm, Beirut, Lebanon, [Labbate, Maurizio] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Life Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Labbate, Maurizio] Univ Technol Sydney, Inst I3, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Labricciosa, Francesco M.] UNIVPM, Dept Biomed Sci & Publ Hlth, Unit Hyg Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Ancona, Italy, [Lagrou, Katrien] Univ Hosp Leuven, Clin Dept Lab Med, Leuven, Belgium, [Lagrou, Katrien] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Leuven, Belgium, [Lagunes, Leonel] Hosp Cent Dr Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosi, Mexico, [Latifi, Rifat] Univ Arizona, Dept Surg, Div Trauma, Tucson, AZ USA, [Lasithiotakis, Kostas] York Teaching Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Surg, York, N Yorkshire, England, [Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Ctr Dis Dynam Econ & Policy, Washington, DC USA, [Lee, Jae Gil] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Seoul, South Korea, [Leone, Marc] Aix Marseille Univ, Hop Nord, AP HM, Dept Anaesthesiol & Crit Care, Marseille, France, [Leppaniemi, Ari] Univ Hosp Meilahti, Abdominal Ctr, Helsinki, Finland, [Li, Yousheng] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai Peoples Hosp 9, Dept Surg, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Liang, Stephen Y.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Div Emergency Med, St Louis, MO USA, [Liau, Kui-Hin] Natl Univ Singapore, Mt Elizabeth Novena Hosp, Singapore & Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Surg,Liau KH Consulting, Singapore, Singapore, [Litvin, Andrey] Immanuel Kant Balt Fed Univ, Surg Disciplines, Reg Clin Hosp, Kaliningrad, Russia, [Loho, Tonny] Univ Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Gen Hosp, Dept Clin Pathol, Div Infect Dis,Fac Med, Jakarta, Indonesia, [Lowman, Warren] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Pathol, Vermaak Partners Pathcare Pathologists, Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis,Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa, [Lowman, Warren] Wits Donald Gordon Med Ctr, Johannesburg, South Africa, [Machain, Gustavo M.] Univ Nacl Asuncion, Dept Surg, Asuncion, Paraguay, [Segovia Lohse, Helmut] Univ Nacl Asuncion, Dept Surg, Asuncion, Paraguay, [Maier, Ronald V.] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, [Manzano-Nunez, Ramiro] Fdn Valle Lili, Clin Res Ctr, Cali, Colombia, [Marinis, Athanasios] Tzane Gen Hosp, Dept Surg 1, Piraeus, Greece, [Marmorale, Cristina] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Surg, Ancona, Italy, [Martin-Loeches, Ignacio] St James Univ Hosp, Trin Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Med, Wellcome Trust HRB Clin Res,MICRO, Dublin, Ireland, [Marwah, Sanjay] Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Surg, Rohtak, Haryana, India, [Maseda, Emilio] Hosp Univ La Paz Madrid, Serv Anestesia & Reanimac, Madrid, Spain, [McFarlane, Michael] Univ Hosp West Indies, Dept Surg Radiol, Kingston, Jamaica, [de Melo, Renato Bessa] Ctr Hosp Sao Joao, Gen Surg Dept, Porto, Portugal, [Melotti, Maria Rita] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Anesthesiol & Intens Care, Bologna, Italy, [Memish, Ziad] Minist Hlth, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hosp, Dept Med, Infect Dis Div, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, [Mertz, Dominik] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada, [Mertz, Dominik] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Pathol & Mol Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada, [Mesina, Cristian] Emergency Hosp Craiova, Surg Clin 2, Craiova, Romania, [Menichetti, Francesco] Univ Hosp Pisa, Infect Dis Unit, Pisa, Italy, [Mishra, Shyam Kumar] Tribhuvan Univ, Teaching Hosp, Inst Med, Dept Microbiol, Kathmandu, Nepal, [Moore, Ernest E.] Univ Colorado, Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Denver, CO 80202 USA, [Moore, Frederick A.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Surg, Div Acute Care Surg, Gainesville, FL USA, [Moore, Frederick A.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Ctr Sepsis & Crit Illness Res, Gainesville, FL USA, [Naidoo, Noel] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Dept Surg, Durban, South Africa, [Napolitano, Lena] Univ Michigan, Dept Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, [Negoi, Ionut] Emergency Hosp Bucharest, Dept Surg, Bucharest, Romania, [Nicolau, David P.] Ctr Anti Infect Res & Dev, Hartford, CT USA, [Nikolopoulos, Ioannis] Lewisham & Greenwich NHS Trust, Dept Gen Surg, London, England, [Nord, Carl Erik] Karolinska Univ, Huddinge Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden, [Ofori-Asenso, Richard] Hlth Policy Consult, Res Unit, Weija, Accra, Ghana, [Olaoye, Iyiade] Univ Ilorin, Teaching Hosp, Dept Surg, Ilorin, Nigeria, [Omari, Abdelkarim H.] King Abdullah Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Irbid, Jordan, [Ordonez, Carlos A.] Univ Valle, Fdn Valle Lili, Dept Surg & Crit Care, Cali, Colombia, [Ouadii, Mouaqit] Sidi Mohamed Benabdellah Univ, Hassan Univ Hosp 2, Dept Surg, Med Sch Fez, Fes, Morocco, [Ouedraogo, Abdoul-Salam] CHU Souro Sanou, Bacteriol & Virol Dept, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, [Pagani, Leonardo] Bolzano Cent Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Bolzano, Italy, [Paiva, Jose Artur] Univ Porto, Ctr Hosp Sao Joao, Intens Care Med Dept, Porto, Portugal, [Mergulhao, Paulo] Univ Porto, Ctr Hosp Sao Joao, Intens Care Med Dept, Porto, Portugal, [Parreira, Jose Gustavo] Santa Casa Sao Paulo Sch Med Sci, Dept Surg, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Pata, Francesco] St Antonio Abate Hosp, Dept Surg, Gallarate, Italy, [Pereira, Jorge] Ctr Hosp Tondela Viseu, Surg Unit 1, Viseu, Portugal, [Pereira, Nuno R.] Sao Joao Hosp Ctr, Ctr Hosp Epidemiol, Unit Prevent & Infect Control, Porto, Portugal, [Petrosillo, Nicola] INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Natl Inst Infect Dis, Rome, Italy, [Picetti, Edoardo] Univ Parma, Azienda Osped, Dept Anesthesia & Intens Care, Parma, Italy, [Pintar, Tadeja] UMC Ljubljana, Dept Surg, Ljubljana, Slovenia, [Ponce-de-Leon, Alfredo] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Infect Dis, Lab Clin Microbiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico, [Popovski, Zagorka] Hamilton Hlth Sci, Hamilton, ON, Canada, [Popovski, Zagorka] London Hlth Sci, London, ON, Canada, [Poulakou, Garyphallia] Attikon Univ Gen Hosp, Med Sch, Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Internal Med 4, Athens, Greece, [Poulakou, Garyphallia] Attikon Univ Gen Hosp, Med Sch, Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Infect Dis Unit, Athens, Greece, [Preller, Jacobus] Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, John Farman Intens Care Unit, Cambridge, England, [Guerrero, Adrian Puello] Univ Autonoma Santo Domingo, Inst Nacl Canc Rosa Tavares INCART, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep, [Pupelis, Guntars] Riga East Univ Hosp Gailezers, Dept Gen & Emergency Surg, Riga, Latvia, [Quiodettis, Martha] Hosp Santo Tomas, Dept Trauma, Panama City, Panama, [Rawson, Timothy M.] Natl Inst Hlth Res, Imperial Coll London, Hlth Protect Res Unit Healthcare Associated Infec, Hammersmith Campus, London, England, [Reinhart, Konrad] Jena Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Intens Care Med, Jena, Thuringen, Germany, [Rems, Miran] Jesenice Gen Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Jesenice, Slovenia, [Rello, Jordi] VHIR, Dept Clin Res & Innovat Pneumonia & Sepsis, Barcelona, Spain, [Rizoli, Sandro] Univ Toronto, St Michaels Hosp, Trauma & Acute Care Serv, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Roberts, Jason] Univ Queensland, Fac Med, Brisbane, Qld, Australia, [Rubio-Perez, Ines] La Paz Univ Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Colorectal Surg Unit, Madrid, Spain, [Ruppc, Etienne] Bichat Claude Bernard Univ Hosp, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Univ, Serv Bacteriol, HUPNSV, Paris, France, [Sakakushev, Boris] Univ Hosp St George, Med Univ, Gen Surg Dept, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, [Sall, Ibrahima] Mil Teaching Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Dakar, Senegal, [Kafil, Hossein Samadi] Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Drug Appl Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran, [Sanders, James] JPS Hlth Network, Ft Worth, TX USA, [Sato, Norio] Ehime Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Aeromed Serv Emergency & Trauma Care, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan, [Sawyer, Robert G.] Western Michigan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA, [Scalea, Thomas] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Trauma Surg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA, [Scudeller, Luigia] IRCCS Policlin San Matteo Fdn, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Pavia, Italy, [Sganga, Gabriele] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Policlin A Gemelli, Dept Surg, Rome, Italy, [Shafiq, Nusrat] Postgrad Inst Med Educ & Res, Dept Pharmacol, Chandigarh, India, [Shah, Jay N.] Patan Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Surg Patan Hosp, Kathmandu, Nepal, [Spigaglia, Patrizia] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Infect Dis, Rome, Italy, [Suroowan, Shanoo] Univ Mauritius, Dept Hlth Sci, Fac Sci, Reduit, Mauritius, [Tsioutis, Constantinos] European Univ Cyprus, Sch Med, Nicosia, Cyprus, [Sifri, Costi D.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Off Hosp Epidemiol Infect Prevent & Control, Charlottesville, VA USA, [Siribumrungwong, Boonying] Thammasat Univ Hosp, Thammasat Univ, Dept Surg, Fac Med, Pathum Thani, Thailand, [Sugrue, Michael] Letterkenny Hosp, Gen Surg Dept, Letterkenny, Ireland, [Talving, Peep] North Estonia Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Tallinn, Estonia, [Tan, Boun Kim] Ctr Hosp St Joseph St Luc, Intens Care Unit, Lyon, France, [Tarasconi, Antonio] Parma Maggiore Hosp, Dept Emergency Surg, Parma, Italy, [Catena, Fausto] Parma Maggiore Hosp, Dept Emergency Surg, Parma, Italy, [Tascini, Carlo] Cotugno Hosp, Azienda Osped Colli, Div Infect Dis 1, Naples, Italy, [Tilsed, Jonathan] Hull & East Yorkshire Hosp NHS Trust, Surg Hlth Care Grp, Kingston Upon Hull, N Humberside, England, [Timsit, Jean-Francois] Hop Xavier Bichat, PHP Med & Infect Dis ICU, Paris, France, [Tumbarello, Mario] Catholic Univ, Inst Infect Dis, Rome, Italy, [Ngo Tat Trung] Tran Hung Dao Hosp, Dept Mol Biol, Hanoi, Vietnam, [Ulrych, Jan] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Dept Surg 1, Prague, Czech Republic, [Ulrych, Jan] Gen Univ Hosp Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, [Uranues, Selman] Med Univ Graz, Dept Surg, Graz, Austria, [Velmahos, George] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Trauma Emergency Surg & Surg Crit Care, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Vereczkei, Andras G.] Med Sch Univ Pecs, Dept Surg, Pecs, Hungary, [Viale, Pierluigi] Alma Mater Studiorum Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Infect Dis Unit, Bologna, Italy, [Vila Estape, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, ISGlobal Hosp Clin, Inst Salud Global, Barcelona, Spain, [Viscoli, Claudio] Univ Genoa DISSAL, Osped Policlin San Martino IRCCS Oncol, Infect Dis Unit, Genoa, Italy, [Wagenlehner, Florian] Univ Giessen, Dept Urol Pediat Urol & Androl, Med Fac Justus Liebig, Giessen, Germany, [Wright, Brian J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med & Neurosurg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA, [Xiao, Yonghong] Zhejiang Univ, Affilliated Hosp 1, State Key Lab Diag & Treatment Infect Dis, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China, [Yuan, Kuo-Ching] Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Trauma & Emergency Surg Dept, Taoyuan, Taiwan, [Zachariah, Sanoop K.] MOSC Med Coll 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J., Carlo, Di, Bk, I., Di, Marzo, Bl, F., Saverio, Di, Dogjani, S., Dorj, A., Dortet, G., Duane, L., Dupont, T. M., Egiev, H., Eid, V. N., Elmangory, H. O., El-Sayed, Marei, Enani, H., Escandón-Vargas, M. A., Faro, K., M. P., J. r., Ferrada, P., Foghetti, D., Foianini, E., Fraga, G. P., Frattima, S., Gandhi, C., Gattuso, G., Giamarellou, E., Ghnnam, W., Gkiokas, G., M., Girardi, Goff, D. A., Gomes, C. A., Gomi, H., Gronerth, R. I. G., Guirao, X., Guzman-Blanco, M., Haque, M., Hecker, A., Hell, M., Herzog, T., Hicks, L., Kafka-Ritsch, R., Kao, L. S., Kanj, S. S., Kaplan, L. J., Kapoor, G., Karamarkovic, A., Kashuk, J., Kenig, J., Khamis, F., Khokha, V., Kiguba, R., Kirkpatrick, A. W., Kørner, H., Koike, K., Kok, K. Y. Y., Kon, K., Kong, V., Inaba, K., Ioannidis, O., Isik, A., Iskandar, K., Labbate, M., Labricciosa, F. M., Lagrou, K., Lagunes, L., Latifi, R., Lasithiotakis, K., Laxminarayan, R., Lee, J. G., Leone, M., Leppäniemi, A., Li, Y., Liang, S. Y., Liau, K. -. H., Litvin, A., Loho, T., Lowman, W., Machain, Mf, G., Maier, R. V., Manzano-Nunez, R., Marinis, A., Marmorale, C., Martin-Loeches, I., Marwah, S., Maseda, E., Mcfarlane, M., De, Melo, Melotti, R., Memish, R., Mertz, Z., Mesina, D., Menichetti, C., Mishra, F., Montori, S. K., Moore, G., Moore, E. E., Naidoo, F. A., Napolitano, N., Negoi, L., Nicolau, I., Nikolopoulos, D. P., Nord, I., Ofori-Asenso, C. E., Olaoye, R., Omari, I., Ordoñez, A. H., Ouadii, C. A., Ouedraogo, M., Pagani, A., Paiva, L., Parreira, J. A., Pata, J. G., F., Fm, Pereira, J., Pereira, N. R., Petrosillo, N., Picetti, E., Pintar, T., Ponce-De-Leon, A., Popovski, Z., Poulakou, G., Preller, J., Guerrero, A. P., Pupelis, G., Quiodettis, M., Rawson, T. M., Reichert, M., Reinhart, K., Rems, M., Rello, J., Rizoli, S., Roberts, J., Rubio-Perez, I., Ruppé, E., Sakakushev, B., Sall, I., Kafil, H. S. j, Sanders, J., Sato, N., Sawyer, R. G., Scibé, T., Scudeller, R., Lohse, L., Sganga, H. S., Shafiq, G., Shah, N., Spigaglia, J. N., Suroowan, P., Tsioutis, S., Sifri, C., Siribumrungwong, C. D., Sugrue, B., Talving, M., Tan, P., Tarasconi, B. K., Tascini, A., Tilsed, C., Timsit, J., Tumbarello, J. -. F., Trung, M., Ulrych, N. T., Uranues, J., Velmahos, S., Vereczkei, G., Viale, A. G., Estape, P., Viscoli, J. V., Wagenlehner, C., Wright, F., Xiao, B. J., Yuan, Y., Zachariah, K. -. C., Zahar, S. K., Mergulhão, J. R., and Catena, P.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, antibiotic agent, antifungal agent antiinfective agent, Antifungal Agents, Drug Resistance, Declaration, Inappropriate Prescribing, 030230 surgery, Global Health, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Microbial, 0302 clinical medicine, Anti-Infective Agents, Health care, Global health, Antimicrobial stewardship, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Antibiotic stewardship, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Public relations, Antimicrobial, Operative, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Humans, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Surgical Wound Infection, Surgery, Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, 3. Good health, surgical infections, medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Guidelines, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, medicine, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Adults, Surgical Procedures, business.industry, Carbapenems, Therapy, business, hospitals, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; This declaration, signed by an interdisciplinary task force of 234 experts from 83 different countries with different backgrounds, highlights the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance and the need for appropriate use of antibiotic agents and antifungal agents in hospitals worldwide especially focusing on surgical infections. As such, it is our intent to raise awareness among healthcare workers and improve antimicrobial prescribing. To facilitate its dissemination, the declaration was translated in different languages.

Published
2017
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4. Metabolomics-Guided Insights on Bariatric Surgery Versus Behavioral Interventions for Weight Loss

Author

Tulipani, Sara, Griffin, Jules, Palau-Rodriguez, Magali, Mora-Cubillos, Ximena, Bernal-Lopez, Rosa M., Tinahones, Francisco J., Corkey, Barbara E., Andres-Lacueva, Cristina, [Tulipani, Sara] Univ Barcelona, Fac Pharm & Food Sci, Dept Nutr Food Sci & Gastron, Biomarkers & Nutrimetabol Lab,XaRTA,INSA, Barcelona, Spain, [Palau-Rodriguez, Magali] Univ Barcelona, Fac Pharm & Food Sci, Dept Nutr Food Sci & Gastron, Biomarkers & Nutrimetabol Lab,XaRTA,INSA, Barcelona, Spain, [Mora-Cubillos, Ximena] Univ Barcelona, Fac Pharm & Food Sci, Dept Nutr Food Sci & Gastron, Biomarkers & Nutrimetabol Lab,XaRTA,INSA, Barcelona, Spain, [Andres-Lacueva, Cristina] Univ Barcelona, Fac Pharm & Food Sci, Dept Nutr Food Sci & Gastron, Biomarkers & Nutrimetabol Lab,XaRTA,INSA, Barcelona, Spain, [Tulipani, Sara] Univ Malaga, Biomed Res Inst IBIMA, Serv Endocrinol & Nutr, Malaga Hosp Complex Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain, [Tinahones, Francisco J.] Univ Malaga, Biomed Res Inst IBIMA, Serv Endocrinol & Nutr, Malaga Hosp Complex Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain, [Griffin, Jules] MRC, Human Nutr Res, Elsie Widdowson Lab, Cambridge, England, [Griffin, Jules] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge, England, [Griffin, Jules] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Syst Biol Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Bernal-Lopez, Rosa M.] Univ Malaga, Biomed Res Inst IBIMA, Serv Internal Med, Hosp Reg Univ Malaga, Malaga Hosp Complex, Malaga, Spain, [Bernal-Lopez, Rosa M.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obes & Nutr CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain, [Tinahones, Francisco J.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obes & Nutr CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain, [Corkey, Barbara E.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Obes Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02118 USA, Project (Plan N de I+D+i), ISCII-Subdireccioen General de Evaluacion y Fomento de la Investigacion, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Fundacion Progreso y Salud, Consejeria de Salud y Bienestar Social, Junta de Andalucia, FEDER, JPI HDHL FOODBALL Project, Generalitat de Catalunya's Agency, AGAUR, and Juan de la Cierva fellowship (MINECO)

Subjects
Randomized controlled-trial, Severely obese-patients, Plasma, Bile-acids, Amino-acid-metabolism, Y gastric bypass, Type-2 diabetes-mellitus, Induced insulin-resistance, Fatty-acid, Dietary supplementation
Abstract

Objective: To review the metabolomic studies carried out so far to identify metabolic markers associated with surgical and dietary treatments for weight loss in subjects with obesity.Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.Results: Thirty-two studies successfully met the eligibility criteria. The metabolic adaptations shared by surgical and dietary interventions mirrored a state of starvation ketoacidosis (increase of circulating ketone bodies), an increase of acylcarnitines and fatty acid beta-oxidation, a decrease of specific amino acids including branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and (lyso)glycerophospholipids previously associated with obesity, and adipose tissue expansion. The metabolic footprint of bariatric procedures was specifically characterized by an increase of bile acid circulating pools and a decrease of ceramide levels, a greater perioperative decline in BCAA, and the rise of circulating serine and glycine, mirroring glycemic control and inflammation improvement. In one study, 3-hydroxybutyrate was particularly identified as an early metabolic marker of long-term prognosis after surgery and proposed to increase current prognostic modalities and contribute to personalized treatment.Conclusions: Metabolomics helped in deciphering the metabolic response to weight loss treatments. Moving from association to causation is the next challenge to move to a further level of clinical application.

Published
2016

5. Polymorphism of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Gene (TCF7L2) Interacts with Obesity on Type-2 Diabetes in the PREDIMED Study Emphasizing the Heterogeneity of Genetic Variants in Type-2 Diabetes Risk Prediction: Time for Obesity-Specific Genetic Risk Scores

Author

Laura Quiles, José V. Sorlí, Miquel Fiol, Fernando Arós, Manuel Ortega-Calvo, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Josep Basora, Ramon Estruch, Emilio Ros, Olga Portolés, Oscar Coltell, Dolores Corella, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Montserrat Fitó, Olga Castañer, Lluis Serra-Majem, Javier Díez Espino, Jose M. Ordovas, Enrique Gómez-Gracia, [Corella, Dolores] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Sorli, Jose V.] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Quiles, Laura] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Portoles, Olga] Univ Valencia, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Corella, Dolores] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Coltell, Oscar] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Sorli, Jose V.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Estruch, Ramon] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Quiles, Laura] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Salas-Salvado, Jordi] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Castaner, Olga] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Aros, Fernando] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Ortega-Calvo, Manuel] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Serra-Majem, Lluis] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Gomez-Gracia, Enrique] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Portoles, Olga] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Fiol, Miquel] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Diez Espino, Javier] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Basora, Josep] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Fito, Montserrat] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Ros, Emilio] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Ordovas, Jose M.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Coltell, Oscar] Univ Jaume 1, Dept Comp Languages & Syst, Sch Technol & Expt Sci, Castellon de La Plana 12071, Spain, [Estruch, Ramon] IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Dept Internal Med, Barcelona 08036, Spain, [Angel Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel] Univ Navarra, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Navarra Inst Hlth Res IdisNa, Pamplona 31009, Spain, [Salas-Salvado, Jordi] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Human Nutr Unit, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, IISPV, Reus 43003, Spain, [Basora, Josep] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Human Nutr Unit, Dept Biochem & Biotechnol, IISPV, Reus 43003, Spain, [Castaner, Olga] Hosp del Mar Med Res Inst IMIM, Cardiovasc Risk & Nutr Res Grp, Barcelona 08003, Spain, [Fito, Montserrat] Hosp del Mar Med Res Inst IMIM, Cardiovasc Risk & Nutr Res Grp, Barcelona 08003, Spain, [Aros, Fernando] Hosp Txagorritxu, Dept Cardiol, Vitoria 01009, Spain, [Ortega-Calvo, Manuel] Ctr Salud Palmeritas, Dept Family Med, Dist Sanitario Atenc Primaria Sevilla, Seville 41003, Spain, [Serra-Majem, Lluis] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Res Inst Biomed & Hlth Sci, Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35001, Spain, [Gomez-Gracia, Enrique] Univ Malaga, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, E-29071 Malaga, Spain, [Fiol, Miquel] Hosp Son Espases, Palma Inst Hlth Res IdISPa, Palma De Mallorca 07014, Spain, [Diez Espino, Javier] Univ Navarra, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Navarra Inst Hlth Res IdisNA, Serv Navarro Salud Osasunbidea, Pamplona 31009, Spain, [Ros, Emilio] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi Sunyer IDIBAPS, Lipid Clin, Endocrinol & Nutr Serv, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain, [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA, [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid 28029, Spain, [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid 28049, Spain, Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, University Jaume I, Generalitat Valenciana, FEDER funds, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Alimentació, Nutrició, Creixement i Salut Mental, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Jaume I University (España), Generalitat Valenciana (España), Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF), and United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Male, obesity, endocrine system diseases, Type 2 diabetes, type-2 diabetes, Transcription Factor 7-Like 2, Dieta mediterrània, 0302 clinical medicine, Nutrigenomics, Risk Factors, Prevalence, TCF7L2-predictive value, Disease, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Genetic risk, Genetics, Aged, 80 and over, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, Bioquímica y tecnología, Nutrition and Dietetics, Diabetis, Incidence, Middle Aged, Traits, MEDITERRANEAN DIET, Biochemistry and technology, Obesitat, TRIAL, Female, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein, Adult, Genetic Markers, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system, Population, BODY-FAT, lcsh:TX341-641, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, MASS, Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Article, Association, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic Heterogeneity, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, business.industry, Common variants, Prevention, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Genetic Variation, PREDIMED study, medicine.disease, 2072-6643, Weight, Predimed, Obesity, TCF7L2, T2D-genetic risk scores, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Susceptibility loci, business, Food Science
Abstract

Nutrigenetic studies analyzing gene-diet interactions of the TCF7L2-rs7903146 C > T polymorphism on type-2 diabetes (T2D) have shown controversial results. A reason contributing to this may be the additional modulation by obesity. Moreover, TCF7L2-rs7903146 is one of the most influential variants in T2D-genetic risk scores (GRS). Therefore, to increase the predictive value (PV) of GRS it is necessary to first see whether the included polymorphisms have heterogeneous effects. We comprehensively investigated gene-obesity interactions between the TCF7L2-rs7903146 C > T polymorphism on T2D (prevalence and incidence) and analyzed other T2D-polymorphisms in a sub-sample. We studied 7018 PREDIMED participants at baseline and longitudinally (8.7 years maximum follow-up). Obesity significantly interacted with the TCF7L2-rs7903146 on T2D prevalence, associations being greater in non-obese subjects. Accordingly, we prospectively observed in non-T2D subjects (n = 3607) that its association with T2D incidence was stronger in non-obese (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.13-2.92, p = 0.013 for TT versus CC) than in obese subjects (HR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.61-1.66; p = 0.979; p-interaction = 0.048). Accordingly, TCF7L2-PV was higher in non-obese subjects. Additionally, we created obesity-specific GRS with ten T2D-polymorphisms and demonstrated for the first time their higher strata-specific PV. In conclusion, we provide strong evidence supporting the need for considering obesity when analyzing the TCF7L2 effects and propose the use of obesity-specific GRS for T2D., This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects PI051839, PI070240, PI1001407, G03/140, CIBER 06/03, RD06/0045 PI07-0954, CNIC-06, PI11/02505, SAF2009-12304, AGL2010-22319-C03-03, and PRX14/00527; contract JR14/00008), by the University Jaume I (Project P1-1B2013-54) and by the Generalitat Valenciana (AP111/10, AP-042/11, BEST/2015/087, GVACOMP2011-151, ACOMP/2011/145, ACOMP/2012/190, and ACOMP/2013/159). CIBEROBN is an initiative of Institute of Health Carlos III of Spain which is supported by FEDER funds (CB06/03). This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), under Agreement No. 58-1950-4-003. Dolores Corella acknowledges the collaboration of the Real Colegio Complutense at Harvard University, Cambridge. MA, USA. The PREDIMED study was registered at controlled-trials.com (http://www.controlledtrials.com/ISRCTN35739639; ethics approval by the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital Clinic at Barcelona, Spain, 16/07/2002, under the protocol number G03/140). The Institutional Review Board of each participating center approved the study protocol, and all participants provided written informed consent. The Institutional Review Board of the Valencia University (protocol number G03/140, 22/05/2003) approved the PREDIMED-Valencia study protocol, and all participants provided written informed consent.

Published
2016

6. The insulin resistance phenotype (muscle or liver) interacts with the type of diet to determine changes in disposition index after 2 years of intervention: the CORDIOPREV-DIAB randomised clinical trial

Author

Jose M. Ordovas, Javier Delgado-Lista, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Carmen Marin, Gracia M. Quintana-Navarro, Suzan Wopereis, Ruth Blanco-Rojo, Francisco Pérez-Jiménez, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Ben van Ommen, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Perez-Martinez, Pablo] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Marin, Carmen] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Delgado-Lista, Javier] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba 14004, Spain, [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Perez-Martinez, Pablo] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Marin, Carmen] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Delgado-Lista, Javier] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Maimonides Inst Biomed Res Cordoba IMIBIC, Nutrigen & Metab Syndrome, Cordoba, Spain, [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Perez-Martinez, Pablo] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Marin, Carmen] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Delgado-Lista, Javier] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Univ Cordoba, Dept Med, Cordoba, Spain, [Blanco-Rojo, Ruth] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Alcala-Diaz, Juan F.] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Perez-Martinez, Pablo] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Quintana-Navarro, Gracia M.] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Marin, Carmen] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Perez-Jimenez, Francisco] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Delgado-Lista, Javier] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Lopez-Miranda, Jose] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain, [Wopereis, Suzan] TNO, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands, [van Ommen, Ben] TNO, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands, [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA, [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, European Commission (NUTRITECH European Integrated Project), ISCIII, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III research contract (Programa Rio-Hortega)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Mediterranean diet, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Innovation, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Glucose-tolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Sensitivity, Life, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Secretion, Low-fat diet, Skeletal-muscle, Insulin, Prevention, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Beta cell function, Disposition, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Clinical trial, Dietary intervention, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, MSB - Microbiology and Systems Biology, Metabolism, Basal (medicine), Life-style, Health, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Healthy Living
Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of the study was to determine whether basal insulin resistance (IR) phenotype (muscle and/or liver) determines the effect of long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet on tissue-specific IR and beta cell function. Methods: The study was performed in 642 patients included in The effect of an olive oil rich Mediterranean diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk and incidence study (CORDIOPREV-DIAB). A total of 327 patients were randomised to a Mediterranean diet (35% fat; 22% from monounsaturated fatty acids) and 315 to a low-fat diet (

Published
2016

7. Revisiting the metabolism and physiological functions of caprylic acid (C8:0) with special focus on ghrelin octanoylation

Author

Fanny Lemarié, Philippe Legrand, Erwan Beauchamp, Vincent Rioux, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Biochimie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Lab Biochim & Nutr Humaine, INRA USC 2012, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, food.ingredient, Lipoylation, Acylation, Octanoate, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, food, Internal medicine, Orexigenic, ristensen e, Medium-chain saturated fatty acids, Chylomicrons, Octanoic acid, medicine, Animals, Humans, Caprylates, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chemistry, Coconut oil, Caprylic acid, Fatty acid, General Medicine, Dietary Fats, Ghrelin, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Metabolism, Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, Energy source, Ghrelin octanoylation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Acyltransferases, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; Caprylic acid (octanoic acid, C8:0) belongs to the class of medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MCFAs). Dairy products and specific oils like coconut oil are natural sources of dietary C8:0 but higher intakes of this fatty acid can be provided with MCT (Medium-Chain Triglycerides) oil that consists in 75% of C8:0. MCFAs have physical and metabolic properties that are distinct from those of long-chain saturated fatty acids (LCFAs ≥ 12 carbons). Beneficial physiological effects of dietary C8:0 have been studied for a long time and MCT oil has been used as a special energy source for patients suffering from pancreatic insufficiency, impaired lymphatic chylomicron transport and fat malabsorption. More recently, caprylic acid was also shown to acylate ghrelin, the only known peptide hormone with an orexigenic effect. Through its covalent binding to the ghrelin peptide, caprylic acid exhibits an emerging and specific role in modulating physiological functions themselves regulated by octanoylated ghrelin. Dietary caprylic acid is therefore now suspected to provide the ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) enzyme with octanoyl-CoA co-substrates necessary for the acyl modification of ghrelin. This review tries to highlight the discrepancy between the formerly described beneficial effects of dietary MCFAs on body weight loss and the C8:0 newly reported effect on appetite stimulation via ghrelin octanoylation. The subsequent aim of this review is to demonstrate the relevance of carrying out further studies to better understand the physiological functions of this particular fatty acid.

Published
2016
Full Text
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8. Comparative effects of well-balanced diets enriched in alpha-linolenic or linoleic acids on LC-PUFA metabolism in rat tissues

Author

Frédérique Pédrono, H. Blanchard, Daniel Catheline, Vincent Rioux, Philippe Legrand, Nathalie Boulier-Monthean, Lab Biochim & Nutr Humaine, INRA USC 2012, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, and Valorex (Combourtille, France)

Subjects
Fatty Acid Desaturases, N-3 PUFA, LIVER, Linoleic acid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, FISH OILS, DISEASE, chemistry.chemical_compound, Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase, Essential fatty acid, Desaturases, Animals, n-3 and n-6 PUFA, Food science, BRAIN, chemistry.chemical_classification, POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS, RISK, biology, alpha-Linolenic Acid, Cell Biology, Metabolism, DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID, Bioavailability, Rats, Diet, CONVERSION, Human nutrition, Fatty acid desaturase, chemistry, Biochemistry, Linoleic Acids, Organ Specificity, biology.protein, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, HEART, Composition (visual arts), lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Essential precursors, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Abstract

The intake of the essential fatty acid precursor alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) contributes to ensure adequate n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) bioavailability. Conversely, linoleic acid (LA) intake may compromise tissue n-3 PUFA status as its conversion to n-6 LC-PUFA shares a common enzymatic pathway with the n-3 family. This study aimed to measure dietary ALA and LA contribution to LC-PUFA biosynthesis and tissue composition. Rats were fed with control or experimental diets moderately enriched in ALA or LA for 8 weeks. Liver Delta 6- and Delta 5-desaturases were analyzed and FA composition was determined in tissues (red blood cells, liver, brain and heart). Hepatic Delta 6-desaturase activity was activated with both diets, and Delta 5-desaturase activity only with the ALA diet. The ALA diet led to higher n-3 LC-PUFA composition, including DHA in brain and heart. The LA diet reduced n-3 content in blood, liver and heart, without impacting n-6 LC-PUFA composition. At levels relevant with human nutrition, increasing dietary ALA and reducing LA intake were both beneficial in increasing n-3 LC-PUFA bioavailability in tissues. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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9. Dose and Latency Effects of Leucine Supplementation in Modulating Glucose Homeostasis: Opposite Effects in Healthy and Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin-Resistance States

Author

Antonio Herbert Lancha, Carla Roberta de Oliveira Carvalho, Maria Tereza Nunes, Vitor Felitti, Carlos Roberto Bueno, Fábio Santos Lira, François Blachier, Patricia Lopes de Campos-Ferraz, Marshall A. Naimo, Marilia Seelaender, Mário Alves de Siqueira-Filho, Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira, Humberto Nicastro, Nelo Eidy Zanchi, Sch Phys Educ & Sports, Lab Appl Nutr & Metab, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Inst Biomed Sci, Canc Metab Res Grp, Inst Biosci, Human Genome Res Ctr, Dept Hlth Sci & Human Performance, University of Tampa, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Brazilian Funding Agency (FAPESP-Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo) [08/51090-1], CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico) [142095/2009-5], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
leucine supplementation, glucose homeostasis, skeletal muscle mass, Blood Glucose, Male, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, medicine.medical_treatment, Dexamethasone, CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS, 0302 clinical medicine, Bolus (medicine), Glucose homeostasis, Homeostasis, Insulin, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Drug Administration Routes, 6. Clean water, Muscle atrophy, 3. Good health, Muscular Atrophy, medicine.anatomical_structure, PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, medicine.symptom, Leucine, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Glucocorticoid, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, DIET-INDUCED OBESITY, lcsh:TX341-641, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Article, ATROPHY, RATS, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, MICE, CELLS, Muscle Strength, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Glucocorticoids, 030304 developmental biology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Skeletal muscle, medicine.disease, ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIOS, Endocrinology, Dietary Supplements, Insulin Resistance, Food Science
Abstract

Dexamethasone (DEXA) is a potent immunosupressant and anti-inflammatory agent whose main side effects are muscle atrophy and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In this context, leucine supplementation may represent a way to limit the DEXA side effects. In this study, we have investigated the effects of a low and a high dose of leucine supplementation (via a bolus) on glucose homeostasis, muscle mass and muscle strength in energy-restricted and DEXA-treated rats. Since the leucine response may also be linked to the administration of this amino acid, we performed a second set of experiments with leucine given in bolus (via gavage) versus leucine given via drinking water. Leucine supplementation was found to produce positive effects (e. g., reduced insulin levels) only when administrated in low dosage, both via the bolus or via drinking water. However, under DEXA treatment, leucine administration was found to significantly influence this response, since leucine supplementation via drinking water clearly induced a diabetic state, whereas the same effect was not observed when supplied via the gavage.

Published
2012
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10. An overview of the therapeutic effects of leucine supplementation on skeletal muscle under atrophic conditions

Author

Guilherme Giannini Artioli, Humberto Nicastro, Marina Yazigi Solis, François Blachier, Claudia R. da Luz, Antonio Herbert Lancha, André dos Santos Costa, Sch Phys Educ & Sports, Lab Appl Nutr & Metab, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [2008/51090-1, 2009/02896-6], and AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
STIMULATES PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS, SEX-BASED DIFFERENCES, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, BED REST, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, medicine.medical_treatment, Clinical Biochemistry, Skeletal muscle, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Bed rest, Biochemistry, CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS, TUMOR-BEARING RATS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Muscular Diseases, Leucine, Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, RESISTANCE EXERCISE, Clinical Trials as Topic, 0303 health sciences, Catabolism, HUMAN QUADRICEPS MUSCLE, Organic Chemistry, Therapeutic effect, Protein turnover, medicine.disease, Branched-chain amino acids, 3. Good health, DISUSE ATROPHY, Muscular Atrophy, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sarcopenia, Dietary Supplements, NUTRITION COUNTERMEASURES, Disuse, WHOLE-BODY
Abstract

The characterization of the mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle atrophy under different conditions has been a constant focus of research. Among anti-atrophic therapies, amino acid supplementation, particularly with leucine, has received a lot of attention. Supplementation has been shown to have remarkable effects on muscle remodeling through protein turnover modulation. This may then impact physiological parameters related to muscle function, and even quality of life. In light of this, leucine supplementation could be a useful therapy for mitigating the atrophic effects of catabolic conditions. The purpose of this review is to present the major results of human studies evaluating the effects of leucine supplementation on structure and function of skeletal muscle in atrophic conditions such as muscle disuse, sarcopenia, and cancer.

Published
2011
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11. Intestinal microbiota: Development, metabolism and functions

Author

Wang, Shengping, Blachier, Francois, Zhao, Feng, Yin, Yulong, Res Ctr Healthy Breeding Livestock & Poultry, Hunan Engn & Res Ctr Anim Sci, Chinses Academy of Sciences, Key Lab Agroecol Proc Subtrop Reg, Inst Subtrop Agr, Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Inst Anim Sci, State Key Lab Anim Nutr, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), National Natural Science Foundation of China [31001015, 31001016, 31072042, 3090104030901041, 3092801830901040, 30928018], Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Science [2009B091300043, 2009B091300079, 2009B091300089], Nitrogen and Phophorus Cycling and Manipulation for Agro-ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-YW-T07], National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB118800], and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, function, HOST, MUCOSA, Intestinal microbiota, GUT MICROBIOTA, GASTROINTESTINAL MICROFLORA, COMMUNITY, stomatognathic diseases, SEGMENTED FILAMENTOUS BACTERIA, OBESITY, POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT, AMINO-ACIDS, PIGS, development, metabolism
Abstract

Recent years have witnessed the discovery that intestinal microbiota is not only the important factor for host amino acid and energy metabolism, but are also the crucial determinant for host immunity. Additionally, intestinal microbiota is associated with many diseases. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are required for the functions. However, a non-appropriate microbial community composition and their products are pathogenic factors. Thus, an optimal balance among intestinal microbiota in the intestinal tract is crucial for whole body homeostasis. Diet supplementation with one species or mixture of intestinal microorganisms may have beneficial effects on host in keeping an optimal balance of intestinal microbiota, recovering from disturbed microflora, promoting digestion and absorption of food, promoting the development of immune system and killing pathogens. Thus, intestinal microbiota has important functions in host energy metabolism, amino acid nutrition, immunity and health.

Published
2011

12. Identification of yeasts during alcoholic fermentation of tchapalo, a traditional sorghum beer from Cte d'Ivoire

Author

Kouakou Brou, Kouadio Florent N’guessan, Koffi Marcellin Dje, Serge Casaregola, Noémie Jacques, Lab Biotechnol & Microbiol Aliments, Université Abobo-Adjamé, Lab Nutr & Secur Alimentaire, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, International Foundation for Science, Sweden [E/4167-1], and INRA

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Restriction Mapping, DIVERSITY, PITO, BEVERAGES, Ethanol fermentation, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Saccharomyces, Candida tropicalis, PCR-RFLP, RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE, DNA, Fungal, Mycological Typing Techniques, RFLP ANALYSIS, 0303 health sciences, biology, SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE STRAINS, Tchapalo, Fungal genetics, INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS, Beer, food and beverages, Biodiversity, General Medicine, GHANA, DIFFERENTIATION, D1/D2 domain, Alcoholic fermentation, medicine.drug, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA, Ribosomal, Microbiology, HaeIII, REGION, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, medicine, Molecular Biology, Sorghum, 030304 developmental biology, Base Sequence, 030306 microbiology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, Actins, Yeast, Kodamaea ohmeri, Molecular Typing, Cote d'Ivoire, Fermentation, Sequence Alignment
Abstract

This study investigated the diversity and dynamics of yeasts involved in alcoholic fermentation of a traditional sorghum beer from Côte d'Ivoire, tchapalo. A total of 240 yeast strains were isolated from fermenting sorghum wort inoculated with dry yeast from two geographic regions of Côte d'Ivoire (Abidjan and Bondoukou). Initial molecular identification to the species level was carried out using RFLP of PCR-amplified internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). Ten different profiles were obtained from the restriction of PCR products with the three endonucleases HaeIII, CfoI and HinfI. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rDNA and the ACT1 gene allowed us to assign these groups to six different species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae-like, Candida tropicalis, Pichia kudriavzevii, Pichia kluyveri, Kodamaea ohmeri and Meyerozyma caribbica. The most frequent species associated with tchapalo fermentation was S. cerevisiae-like (87.36%), followed by C. tropicalis (5.45%) and M. caribbica (2.71%). S. cerevisiae-like strains were diploid heterozygotes and exhibited three to four nucleotides divergence from the type strain in the D1/D2 domain and several indels in the more discriminant sequence of the intron of the ACT1 gene. During the process, the yeast species isolated and their frequencies varied according to the geographic origin of the dry yeast. The occurrence of some species was sporadic and only two non-Saccharomyces species were found in the final product.

Published
2011
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13. Synthesis of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 conjugated linoleic acid isomer in ruminant mammary tissue by FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid

Author

Vincent Rioux, Pablo G. Toral, Cyrielle Garcia, Philippe Legrand, Cécile Duby, Laurence Bernard, Daniel Catheline, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Nutrition Humaine, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition humaine et lipides : Biodisponibilité, métabolisme et régulation, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-IFR125-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biochimie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Lab Biochim & Nutr Humaine, INRA USC 2012, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, UPBiochimie, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), and Cliquet, Catherine

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Fatty Acid Desaturases, Conjugated linoleic acid, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, Vaccenic acid, Oleic Acids, ruminant, chemistry.chemical_compound, Linoleic Acids, Conjugated, fatty acid desaturase 3, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Rumenic acid, Goats, alpha-Linolenic Acid, food and beverages, désaturase, 3. Good health, stearoyl coenzyme a, Milk, Biochemistry, vaccenic acid, trans -11, cis -13 conjugated linoleic acid, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, cis-13 conjugated linoleic acid, 03 medical and health sciences, Mammary Glands, Animal, Isomerism, Genetics, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, Gene, Messenger RNA, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Fatty acid desaturase 3, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, trans-11, Epithelial Cells, Animal Feed, acide linoléique, Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, Fatty acid desaturase, chemistry, biology.protein, Animal Science and Zoology, Cattle, tissu mammaire, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

14 páginas, 7 figuras, 1 tabla., The octadecadienoic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer with trans-11 and cis-13 double bonds (trans11,cis-13 CLA) has been described in ruminant milk. For now, this specific CLA is suspected to derive exclusively from ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary α-linolenic acid. However, in rodents, the fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene was recently shown to code for an enzyme able to catalyze the unexpected Δ13- desaturation of vaccenic acid, producing a Δ11,13-CLA with all the structural characteristics of the trans11,cis-13 isomer, although no commercial standard exists for complete conclusive identification. Because the FADS3 gene has already been reported in bovine animals, we hypothesized in the present study that an alternative direct FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid in mammary tissue may therefore coexist with α-linolenic acid biohydrogenation to explain the final ruminant milk trans-11,cis-13 CLA presence. Here, we first confirm that the FADS3 gene is present in ruminant mammal genomic sequence databases. Second, we demonstrate that the Δ11,13-CLA found in milk fat and the highly probable trans-11,cis-13 CLA isomer produced by rodent FADS3 possess exactly the same structural characteristics. Then, we show that bovine mammary MAC-T and BME-UV epithelial cells express both FADS3 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) mRNA and are able to synthesize both the suspected trans-11,cis-13 CLA and cis-9,trans-11CLA (rumenic acid) isomers when incubated with vaccenic acid. Finally, the concomitant presence of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 CLA isomer with FADS3 mRNA was shown in goat mammary tissue, whereas both were conversely very low or even absent in goat liver. Therefore, this study provides several lines of evidence that, by analogy with rumenic acid, trans-11,cis-13 CLA may originate both from ruminal biohydrogenation and from direct FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid in mammary tissue., The authors thank Frédéric Dessauge (UMR Pegase, INRA Saint-Gilles, France) for the MAC-T and BMEUV cell lines. The authors also gratefully acknowledge O. Loreau (CEA, Saclay and Cadarache, France) for the supply of [1-13C]-vaccenic acid and the Transqual project (Clermont-Ferrand, France; ANR-05-PNRANo.5.E.24). This work was supported by the Groupe Lipides et Nutrition (GLN, Paris, France).

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14. Modulation of alterations in p53 tumor suppressor gene and its association with activation of ras proto-oncogenes during chemoprevention of colon cancer.

Author

Singh J, Kelloff G, and Reddy B

Abstract

Previously, we reported (Carcinogenesis 15: 1317-1323, 1994) a high rate of activating point mutations in I ns proto-oncogenes in azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon tumors, and a significant suppression of these mutations by dietary administration of chemopreventive agents, D,L-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and piroxicam. To understand the role of p53 tumor suppressor gene in chemoprevention of colon cancer and to study the association of p53 gene alterations with activation of ras genes, we determined point mutations in conserved regions (exons 5-9) of p53 gene and analyzed the occurrence of double event of ms activation acid p53 mutation. Groups of male F344 rats were fed the modified AIN-76A diet containing 0, 4000 ppm DFMO, or 150 ppm piroxicam and administered s.c. AOM at a dose rate of 15 mg/kg body wt, once weekly, for 4 weeks. Vehicle controls received s.c. equal volume of normal saline. Animals were sacrificed 32 weeks after the last AOM or saline injection and their grossly visible colon tumors were analyzed to determine p53 mutations by PCR amplification based single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and direct DNA sequencing. Our results demonstrate that about 57% tumors from animals fed the control diet contained predominantly missense but also nonsense mutations, whereas only 30% tumors from animals on piroxicam diet, and none (0%) from animals fed the DFMO diet had similar mutations. Analysis of data revealed that about half of the tumors from animals on control diet possessed both ms and p53 mutations together, only 27% of colon tumors from animals on piroxicam diet and none of the tumors from animals on DFMO diet exhibited both ms and p53 mutations. These results indicate that the administration of piroxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and DFMO, a irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, may inhibit selective proliferation of initiated cells containing activated las and/or mutant p53. Dietary DFMO exerted more pronounced inhibition of selective amplification of initiated cells containing mutated ras and/or p53.

Published
1997
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15. Voluntary intake, growth rate, and tissue retention by Holstein steers fed formaldehyde- and formic acid-treated alfalfa and orchardgrass silages.

Author

Thomson DJ, Waldo DR, Goering HK, and Tyrrell HF

Subjects
Adipose Tissue chemistry, Animals, Body Composition, Body Weight, Cattle growth & development, Dietary Fiber administration & dosage, Energy Metabolism, Formaldehyde pharmacology, Formates pharmacology, Male, Nitrogen analysis, Proteins chemistry, Weight Gain, Cattle physiology, Eating, Medicago sativa, Poaceae, Silage analysis
Abstract

Alfalfa and orchardgrass herbages of similar digestibility were harvested at early and late maturity from primary growth and conserved as direct-cut silage using formic acid and formaldehyde simultaneously. Major compositional differences between the silages were lower NDF (principally hemicellulose) and a greater N content in alfalfa than in orchardgrass. An initial group of eight steers was slaughtered with a mean BW of 222 kg, and each of the four silages was fed to comparable groups of eight Holstein steers. Ad libitum DMI per unit of metabolic BW for alfalfa silages was 128% of that for orchardgrass silages. The ADG of steers fed alfalfa silages was 132% of that of steers fed orchardgrass silages. Despite greater ad libitum intake, total gut fill, as a percentage of BW, on alfalfa silages was 77% of that on orchardgrass silages. Daily empty BW gain of steers fed alfalfa silages was 158% of that of steers fed orchardgrass silages. Daily energy retention of steers fed alfalfa silages was 180% of that of steers fed orchardgrass silages. Steers fed alfalfa silages retained 140% more protein than steers fed orchardgrass silages did, but steers fed alfalfa silages retained only 71% as much protein energy relative to their total energy retention compared with steers fed orchardgrass silages. Differences in composition of daily energy retained were almost totally a result of differences in the total daily energy retention. Late alfalfa silage produced a greater daily gain than orchardgrass silage cut 2 wk earlier because greater intake compensated for lower digestibility.

Published
1991
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16. Composition of formaldehyde- and formic acid-treated alfalfa and orchardgrass silages harvested at two maturities and their effects on intake and growth by Holstein heifers.

Author

Goering HK, Waldo DR, Tyrrell HF, and Thomson DJ

Subjects
Amino Acids blood, Animals, Cattle physiology, Dietary Fiber analysis, Eating, Energy Metabolism, Female, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Medicago sativa, Nitrogen analysis, Poaceae, Weight Gain, Cattle growth & development, Formaldehyde pharmacology, Formates pharmacology, Silage analysis
Abstract

Alfalfa and orchardgrass herbages were each harvested at two maturities (May 22 to 25 vs June 5 to 7) in primary growth and directly ensiled with 5 kg of a mixture of 30% formic acid and 25% formaldehyde per metric ton of fresh herbage in upright conventional silos. Alfalfa silage contained less NDF (71%) and more N (150%) and hot-water-insoluble N (117%) than orchardgrass silage did. Major differences between silages were that orchardgrass contained 20.4 percentage units more NDF and 1.10 percentage units less N than alfalfa. The NDF increased 104% and total N decreased to 86% with advancing maturity. Twenty-eight yearling Holstein heifers (223 kg BW) were given ad libitum access to the four silages with trace mineral salt, and growth rate was measured in a 119-d period. Daily DE intake was 297 kcal/kg.75 BW for heifers fed alfalfa silage compared with 202 kcal/kg.75 BW for heifers fed orchardgrass silage. Daily gain was 992 g for heifers fed alfalfa compared with 661 g for heifers fed orchardgrass. Gross efficiency, or gain per unit of DE, was similar for heifers fed orchardgrass and alfalfa. Rate of gain was primarily a function of ad libitum intake of DE. Heifers fed alfalfa had greater plasma essential amino acid concentrations (122%) than those fed orchardgrass did. Late alfalfa produced greater ADG than orchardgrass harvested 2 wk earlier.

Published
1991
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17. Utilization of sulfur and other mineral elements by growing dairy heifers treated with bovine somatotropin.

Author

House WA, Crooker BA, and Bauman DE

Subjects
Animals, Cattle growth & development, Cattle physiology, Digestion drug effects, Drinking drug effects, Eating, Female, Growth Hormone administration & dosage, Injections, Intramuscular veterinary, Random Allocation, Recombinant Proteins administration & dosage, Recombinant Proteins pharmacology, Weight Gain, Cattle metabolism, Growth Hormone pharmacology, Intestinal Absorption drug effects, Minerals metabolism, Sulfur metabolism
Abstract

Apparent absorption and retention of Ca, P, Mg, K, Cu, Mn, Zn, and S were determined in Holstein heifers treated with recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST). Six heifers (initial BW averaged 104 kg) were assigned to various doses of bST in a 6 x 6 Latin square design with six consecutive 21-d periods. Treatments were daily i.m. injections of 0, 6.7, 33.3, 66.7, 100, or 200 micrograms of bST/kg of BW on d 8 to 21 of each period. All heifers were fed a hay-concentrate diet, and nutrient digestibilities and balances were determined on d 14 to 20 of each period. Mineral concentrations in feed, water, excreta, and blood plasma were determined with an inductively coupled argon plasma-emission spectrometer. Exogenous bST did not affect apparent absorption or retention of Ca, P, Mg, K, Cu, Mn, or Zn. Plasma CU concentration was greater (P less than .05) in heifers receiving bST (82 micrograms of Cu/dl) than in those receiving excipient (73 micrograms of Cu/dl); plasma concentrations of other elements were not affected by bST. Injection of bST did not affect S absorption, but urinary S excretion decreased (P less than .05) and S retention increased (P less than .05) as dose of bST increased. The amount of S retained (1.5 g/d) when the heifers received the largest dose of bST was approximately 50% greater than the amount retained when heifers received excipient. These results demonstrate that bST affects the postabsorptive metabolism of S. Generally, bST did not affect nutrient digestibilities. Effects of bST on dietary mineral requirements were not determined because of the relatively short (14 d) treatment periods.

Published
1991
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18. Response to elemental sulfur by calves and sheep fed purified diets.

Author

Slyter LL, Chalupa W, and Oltjen RR

Subjects
Amino Acids metabolism, Amino Acids, Essential blood, Amino Acids, Essential metabolism, Animals, Digestive System growth & development, Male, Organ Size, Sulfur metabolism, Amino Acids blood, Cattle metabolism, Diet, Liver metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Sheep metabolism, Sulfur pharmacology
Abstract

Free amino acid profiles in plasma and liver as well as body, organ and gastrointestinal growth were compared in 20 weanling bulls (four per treatment) fed diets deficient (.04%), excessive (.94 and 1.72%) or adequate (.34%) in S. Body, organ and gastrointestinal comparisons also were made with yearling rams fed .04 and .34% S diets. The .34% S diet was fed at two levels, one ad libitum, the other in amounts equal on a body weight.75 basis to that consumed by animals fed the .04% S diet ad libitum. Animals were allowed to consume other diets ad libitum. The calves fed the .04% S diet had negative S, but slightly positive N, balance and were unable to maintain body weight. As dietary S content was increased, plasma and liver methionine increased linearly. An increased histidine in plasma of calves fed the .04% S diet may be due to reduced intake because the calves restricted-fed the .34% S diet also had high plasma histidine. Plasma citrulline, cystine, serine and total nonessential amino acids decreased markedly as dietary S intake became adequate. Intermediate S diets resulted in reduced concentrations of plasma alanine, serine, proline and total nonessential amino acids. Calves restricted-fed the .34% S diet were the most efficient in retaining N with less urinary N. Excesses of S were not detrimental to growth, but plasma valine increased linearly as S intake increased. The S deficiency in calves reduced the ratio of the rumen-reticulum tissue to body weight, and in rams it reduced the ratio of gastrointestinal tissue and preintestinal tissue to body weight. Per kilogram of intestinal-free body weight, there was a linear decrease in liver and testes but an increase in adrenals as S was decreased for calves. The kidney, adrenals and pituitary were increased by S deficiency in rams. Of the amino acids assayed, only methionine from the plasma and liver in calves reflected both an excess and a deficiency of S independent of feed intake effects.

Published
1988
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19. Nitrogen metabolism by lactating ewes and their lambs.

Author

Lynch GP, Elsasser TH, Rumsey TS, Jackson C Jr, and Douglass LW

Subjects
Animals, Female, Insulin blood, Lactation blood, Pregnancy, Thyroid Hormones blood, Animals, Newborn metabolism, Body Weight, Dietary Proteins administration & dosage, Lactation metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Sheep metabolism
Abstract

Twenty multiparous ewes and their newborn lambs were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial experiment in which ewes were fed ad libitum either a moderate (MP, 15%) or a low (LP, 10%) CP diet and nursed either twin (T) or single (S) lambs. Nitrogen (N) balance trials were conducted on both the ewes and lambs during wk 2, 4 and 8 of lactation. Nitrogen balance, N digested and the portion of digested N retained were greater (P less than .01) with the MP diet. Nitrogen retention and serum urea-N values were lower for the ewes nursing T lambs. Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate and serum glucose values were lower (P less than .01) for ewes fed the LP diet, and certain plasma amino acids and the ketogenic amino acids were lower with the LP diet. Insulin increased (P less than .01) with time throughout lactation. Triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were higher (P less than .01) in ewes nursing T lambs. Thyroxine (T4) was greater (P less than .04) with the LP diet and greater (P less than .01) for ewes nursing T lambs. The T4:T3 ratio was lower (P less than .02) in the ewes consuming LP. The portion of the ewe's retained N used for milk synthesis was lower (P less than .01) with the MP diet. Ewes fed LP and nursing T lambs utilized all of their retained N plus a portion of their body protein reserves for milk production by the 2nd wk of lactation. Body weights of creep-fed lambs were not changed by protein content of the ewe's diet.

Published
1988
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20. Influence of diet on basal and growth hormone-stimulated plasma concentrations of IGF-I in beef cattle.

Author

Elsasser TH, Rumsey TS, and Hammond AC

Subjects
Animals, Body Weight drug effects, Growth Hormone administration & dosage, Injections, Intramuscular, Male, Cattle blood, Dietary Proteins pharmacology, Energy Metabolism, Growth Hormone pharmacology, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I blood, Somatomedins blood
Abstract

The effects of nutrition on plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) were characterized in steers under basal conditions and following single i.m. injection of bovine growth hormone (bGH, .1 mg/kg BW). Nutritional effects on IGF-I were studied in three trials. In all trials steers were individually fed and penned Angus or Hereford x Angus (280 kg). In the first trial, two diets (LPLE1: 8% CP and 1.96 Mcal ME/kg, 4.5 kg.hd-1.d-1; MPHE1: 11% CP, 2.67 Mcal ME/kg, 6.5 kg.hd-1.d-1) were fed (n = 5/diet). Plasma IGF-I concentrations averaged 74 (LPLE1) and 152 (MPHE1) ng/ml (P less than .02). Following bGH injection, IGF-I increased to peak concentrations between 12 and 24 h (averaging 105 and 208 ng/ml at peak for LPLE and MPLE, respectively, P less than .01). In the second trial, steers were fed diets composed of 8, 11 or 14% CP and 1.96 or 2.67 Mcal ME/kg dry matter (6.35 kg.hd-1.d-1 in a factorial arrangement for 84 d, n = 4/diet). Within the low ME diet groups, plasma IGF-I was similar in steers fed 11 and 14% CP but greater at these two CP levels than in steers fed 8% CP (P less than .05). Within the high ME diet groups, plasma IGF-I increased linearly with CP (P less than .01). In the third trial, steers were fed diets to result in a negative N status. Insulin-like growth factor-I was lower (P less than .02) during feed restriction than when steers were full-fed. The IGF-I response to bGH was diminished or absent in underfed steers (P less than .01). These data are interpreted to suggest that diet composition and intake affect plasma concentrations of IGF-I in steers. In cattle, CP may be the primary nutritional determinant of basal IGF-I, but the IGF-I response to CP may be affected by the available ME. Undernutrition can attenuate the IGF-I response to GH and uncouple the regulation of IGF-I normally ascribed to GH.

Published
1989
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21. Plant contents of magnesium, calcium and potassium in relation to ruminant nutrition.

Author

Grunes DL and Welch RM

Subjects
Animals, Poaceae, Tetany etiology, Tetany veterinary, Triticum, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Calcium metabolism, Magnesium metabolism, Potassium metabolism, Ruminants metabolism
Abstract

Grass tetany and wheat pasture poisoning are metabolic diseases of mature, lactating beef cattle. In some other countries, similar problems occur with dairy cattle. In grass tetany, the animals generally are grazing cool-season forages in which Mg concentration or bioavailability of plant Mg is low. Levels of Mg in the blood serum also generally are low. Grass tetany can occur in beef cattle fed hay made from grass, small grains or alfalfa Medicago sativa L.). In wheat pasture poisoning where animals are grazing small grains forages, blood levels of Ca often are low, and blood Mg also may be low. Both grass tetany and wheat pasture poisoning occur when plants are growing rapidly in the spring, at the time of heavy lactation demand by ruminants for Mg and Ca. When the temperature increases and plants start to grow rapidly in the spring, concentrations of K, N, organic acids, and the ratio of K/(Ca + Mg) all increase, and the percent dry matter decreases. Much research remains to be done to understand all the soil, plant, and animal aspects of grass tetany and wheat pasture poisoning.

Published
1989
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