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273 results on '"La Carrubba, Vincenzo"'

6. Poly-l-Lactic Acid Scaffolds Additivated with Rosmarinic Acid: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Assess The Morphology, Thermal Behavior, and Hydrophilicity.

Author

Schiera, Veronica, Carfì Pavia, Francesco, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Brucato, Valerio, and Dintcheva, Nadka Tz.

Subjects
ROSMARINIC acid, TISSUE scaffolds, TISSUE engineering, PHASE separation, SCANNING electron microscopy, MORPHOLOGY, REQUIREMENTS engineering
Abstract

This study aims to demonstrate the possibility of incorporating a natural antioxidant biomolecule into polymeric porous scaffolds. To this end, Poly-l-Lactic Acid (PLLA) scaffolds were produced using the Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) technique and additivated with different amounts of rosmarinic acid (RA). The scaffolds, with a diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, were characterized with a multi-analytical approach. Specifically, Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses demonstrated the presence of an interconnected porous network, characterized by a layer of RA at the level of the pore's surfaces. Moreover, the presence of RA biomolecules increased the hydrophilic nature of the sample, as evidenced by the decrease in the contact angle with water from 128° to 76°. The structure of PLLA and PLLA containing RA molecules has been investigated through DSC and XRD analyses, and the obtained results suggest that the crystallinity decreases when increasing the RA content. This approach is cost-effective, and it can be customized with different biomolecules, offering the possibility of producing porous polymeric structures containing antioxidant molecules. These scaffolds meet the requirements of tissue engineering and could offer a potential solution to reduce inflammation associated with scaffold implantation, thus improving tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Three‐dimensional (3D) polylactic acid gradient scaffold to study the behavior of osteosarcoma cells under dynamic conditions.

Author

De Luca, Angela, Capuana, Elisa, Carbone, Camilla, Raimondi, Lavinia, Carfì Pavia, Francesco, Brucato, Valerio, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, and Giavaresi, Gianluca

Abstract

This study adopts an in vitro method to recapitulate the behavior of Saos‐2 cells, using a system composed of a perfusion bioreactor and poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold fabricated using the low‐cost thermally‐induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. Four distinct scaffold morphologies with different pore sizes were fabricated, characterized by Scanning electron microscopy and micro‐CT analysis and tested with osteosarcoma cells under static and dynamic environments to identify the best morphology for cellular growth. In order to accomplish this purpose, cell growth and matrix deposition of the Saos‐2 osteosarcoma cell line were assessed using Picogreen and OsteoImage assays. The obtained data allowed us to identify the morphology that better promotes Saos‐2 cellular activity in static and dynamic conditions. These findings provided valuable insights into scaffold design and fabrication strategies, emphasizing the importance of the dynamic culture to recreate an appropriate 3D osteosarcoma model. Remarkably, the gradient scaffold exhibits promise for osteosarcoma applications, offering the potential for targeted tissue engineering approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Improvement of Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse Pre-Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells on Core–Shell Polylactic Acid/Chitosan Electrospun Scaffolds for Bone Defect Repair

Author

Lopresti, Francesco, primary, Campora, Simona, additional, Rigogliuso, Salvatrice, additional, Nicosia, Aldo, additional, Lo Cicero, Alessandra, additional, Di Marco, Chiara, additional, Tornabene, Salvatore, additional, Ghersi, Giulio, additional, and La Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional

Published
2024
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11. The Phenotype of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell and Articular Chondrocyte Cocultures on Highly Porous Bilayer Poly-L-Lactic Acid Scaffolds Produced by Thermally Induced Phase Separation and Supplemented with Hydroxyapatite

Author

Ferraro, Wally, primary, Civilleri, Aurelio, additional, Gögele, Clemens, additional, Carbone, Camilla, additional, Vitrano, Ilenia, additional, Carfi Pavia, Francesco, additional, Brucato, Valerio, additional, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional, Werner, Christian, additional, Schäfer-Eckart, Kerstin, additional, and Schulze-Tanzil, Gundula, additional

Published
2024
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14. An Airlift Perfusion Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering Applications: from Computational Modeling to Experimental Validation.

Author

Capuana, Elisa, Carbone, Camilla, Pavia, Francesco Carfì, Ghersi, Giulio, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, and Brucato, Valerio

Subjects
TISSUE engineering, REGENERATIVE medicine, BIOREACTORS, COMPUTATIONAL fluid dynamics, FLUID flow
Abstract

Tissue engineering (TE) offers promising solutions for regenerative medicine through the use of porous scaffolds and cells, providing a favorable environment for the production of functional three-dimensional (3D) tissues. However, TE strategies have faced physiological limitations with static three-dimensional culture alone, and perfusion bioreactors provide a controlled environment that better mimics native tissue. In this study, we present the optimized geometry of an existing custom-made perfusion bioreactor that utilizes an external airlift circulation loop, essentially a specially structured bubble column designed for the simultaneous allocation of multiple seeded scaffolds. By reducing volumes and materials, the optimized system maintains the same level of reliability and functionality. The study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and a mathematical model to gain insights into fluid flow and oxygen transport, respectively. Therefore, in line with the increasingly recognized trend of device miniaturization, scaling down the initial device would enable high-speed analysis of cellular response in perfused cultures, allowing the study of various morphologies, different cell populations, or different drug treatments. Furthermore, the possibility of creating series and parallel connections between multiple devices, while maintaining dimensions suitable for incubator insertion, demonstrates the potential of this system for testing engineered constructs while simultaneously enabling time and cost reduction compared to existing perfusion devices in the field of Tissue Engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Galvanic Deposition of Calcium Phosphate/Bioglass Composite Coating on AISI 316L

Author

Zanca, Claudio, Milazzo, Alessandro, Campora, Simona, Capuana, Elisa, Carfi' Pavia, Francesco, Patella, Bernardo, Lopresti, Francesco, Brucato, Valerio, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Inguanta, Rosalinda, Zanca, Claudio, Milazzo, Alessandro, Campora, Simona, Capuana, Elisa, Carfi' Pavia, Francesco, Patella, Bernardo, Lopresti, Francesco, Brucato, Valerio, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, and Inguanta, Rosalinda

Subjects
Settore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria Chimica, corrosion, Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica Applicata, galvanic deposition, AISI 316L, coating, cytotoxicity, hydroxyapatite, Settore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale, Bioglass 45S5, Settore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori, Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici, orthopedic implant
Abstract

Calcium phosphate/Bioglass composite coatings on AISI 316L were investigated with regard to their potential role as a beneficial coating for orthopedic implants. These coatings were realized by the galvanic co-deposition of calcium phosphate compounds and Bioglass particles. A different amount of Bioglass 45S5 was used to study its effect on the performance of the composite coatings. The morphology and chemical composition of the coatings were investigated before and after their aging in simulated body fluid. The coatings uniformly covered the AISI 316L substrate and consisted of a brushite and hydroxyapatite mixture. Both phases were detected using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, both analyses revealed that brushite is the primary phase. The presence of Bioglass was verified through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, which showed the presence of a silicon peak. During aging in simulated body fluid, the coating was subject to a dynamic equilibrium of dissolution/reprecipitation with total conversion in only the hydroxyapatite phase. Corrosion tests performed in simulated body fluid at different aging times revealed that the coatings made with 1 g/L of Bioglass performed best. These samples have a corrosion potential of −0.068V vs. Ag/AgCl and a corrosion current density of 8.87 × 10−7 A/cm2. These values are better than those measured for bare AISI 316L (−0.187 V vs. Ag/AgCl and 2.52 × 10−6 A/cm2, respectively) and remained superior to pure steel for all 21 days of aging. This behavior indicated the good protection of the coating against corrosion phenomena, which was further confirmed by the very low concentration of Ni ions (0.076 ppm) released in the aging solution after 21 days of immersion. Furthermore, the absence of cytotoxicity, verified through cell viability assays with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells, proves the biocompatibility of the coatings.

Published
2023

25. Effect of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Concentration on Polymeric Scaffolds Based on Blends of Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) and PHA Prepared via Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS)

Author

Lopresti, Francesco, primary, Liga, Antonio, additional, Capuana, Elisa, additional, Gulfi, Davide, additional, Zanca, Claudio, additional, Inguanta, Rosalinda, additional, Brucato, Valerio, additional, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional, and Carfì Pavia, Francesco, additional

Published
2022
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32. A High-Throughput Mechanical Activator for Cartilage Engineering Enables Rapid Screening of in vitro Response of Tissue Models to Physiological and Supra-Physiological Loads.

Author

Capuana, Elisa, Marino, Davide, Di Gesù, Roberto, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Brucato, Valerio, Tuan, Rocky S., and Gottardi, Riccardo

Subjects
CARTILAGE, PHYSIOLOGICAL models, ARTICULAR cartilage, CYCLIC loads, COMPRESSION loads, TISSUES
Abstract

Articular cartilage is crucially influenced by loading during development, health, and disease. However, our knowledge of the mechanical conditions that promote engineered cartilage maturation or tissue repair is still incomplete. Current in vitro models that allow precise control of the local mechanical environment have been dramatically limited by very low throughput, usually just a few specimens per experiment. To overcome this constraint, we have developed a new device for the high throughput compressive loading of tissue constructs: the High Throughput Mechanical Activator for Cartilage Engineering (HiT-MACE), which allows the mechanoactivation of 6 times more samples than current technologies. With HiT-MACE we were able to apply cyclic loads in the physiological (e.g., equivalent to walking and normal daily activity) and supra-physiological range (e.g., injurious impacts or extensive overloading) to up to 24 samples in one single run. In this report, we compared the early response of cartilage to physiological and supra-physiological mechanical loading to the response to IL-1β exposure, a common but rudimentary in vitro model of cartilage osteoarthritis. Physiological loading rapidly upregulated gene expression of anabolic markers along the TGF-β1 pathway. Notably, TGF-β1 or serum was not included in the medium. Supra-physiological loading caused a mild catabolic response while IL-1β exposure drove a rapid anabolic shift. This aligns well with recent findings suggesting that overloading is a more realistic and biomimetic model of cartilage degeneration. Taken together, these findings showed that the application of HiT-MACE allowed the use of larger number of samples to generate higher volume of data to effectively explore cartilage mechanobiology, which will enable the design of more effective repair and rehabilitation strategies for degenerative cartilage pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Polylactic is a Sustainable, Low Absorption, Low Autofluorescence Alternative to Other Plastics for Microfluidic and Organ-on-Chip Applications

Author

Ongaro, Alfredo E., primary, Di Giuseppe, Davide, additional, Kermanizadeh, Ali, additional, Miguelez Crespo, Allende, additional, Mencattini, Arianna, additional, Ghibelli, Lina, additional, Mancini, Vanessa, additional, Wlodarczyk, Krystian L., additional, Hand, Duncan P., additional, Martinelli, Eugenio, additional, Stone, Vicki, additional, Howarth, Nicola, additional, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional, Pensabene, Virginia, additional, and Kersaudy-Kerhoas, Maïwenn, additional

Published
2020
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44. Kefiran-based Scaffolds For Biomedical Applications

Author

Toscano, Mauro, Pavia, Francesco Carfì, Conoscenti, Gioacchino, Sabatino, Maria A., La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Dispenza, Clelia, Brucato, Valerio, Toscano, Mauro, Pavia, Francesco Carfì, Conoscenti, Gioacchino, Sabatino, Maria A., La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Dispenza, Clelia, and Brucato, Valerio

Subjects
lcsh:Computer engineering. Computer hardware, lcsh:TP155-156, Chemical Engineering (all), lcsh:TK7885-7895, Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie, lcsh:Chemical engineering
Abstract

Kefiran is an exopolysaccharide produced by microorganisms present in kefir grains, with several health promoting properties. A optimized protocol was developed for the separation of kefiran from kefir grains, allowing to reach a yield 4÷5 % without using toxic or expensive chemicals. The capability of kefiran to produce scaffold via Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) technique was investigated and porous scaffolds structure was obtained. Separated kefiran and scaffolds were analyzed via DSC and different thermal properties between purified kefiran and scaffold were revealed. XRD analysis revealed different structure between kefiran and scaffolds. The porous scaffold structure can be modulated by modifiying the thermal path of the solution during the phase separation. The citotoxicity of kefiran was evaluated with cell viability test and a significant faster cell proliferation in the treated colture medium with kefiran was evidenced.

Published
2018

45. Rapid prototyping for micro-engineering and microfluidic applications: Recycled pmma, a sustainable substrate material

Author

Ongaro, Alfredo E., Howarth, Nicola, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, Kersaudy-Kerhoas, Maïwenn, Peter Thorvald, Keith Case, Ongaro, Alfredo E., Howarth, Nicola, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, and Kersaudy-Kerhoas, Maïwenn

Subjects
Strategy and Management1409 Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Algebra and Number Theory, Microfluidic, Rapid prototyping, Recycled, Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Design for sustainability, PMMA, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Software
Abstract

Poly(methylmethacrylate), PMMA, is one of the most commonly used thermoplastics for the manufacture of micromechanical and microfluidic devices, due to its optical transparency, rigid mechanical properties, low cost and good workability in conjunction with its rapid prototyping and mass manufacturing. Recent advances in the rapid-prototyping fields have allowed the production of precise features compatible with microfluidic structures and accelerated the conversion process from bench-side to mass market. For example, to address the need for fast design cycles using material compatible with mass manufacturing, we have developed an ultrafast prototyping technique for the manufacture of multilayer PMMA micro devices (doi:10.1007/s10404-016-1823-1) and described a method to choose the right PMMA for this prototyping technique (doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-792-4-181). PMMA is a petrochemical-derived material and the rising demand for single-use disposable devices will inevitably result into increased medical plastic waste. To address this problem at the design/prototyping stage, we explored the possibility of utilizing recycled PMMA (Re-PMMA) as the substrate material in our technique. The aim of this work is to compare commercially available recycled PMMA (Re-PMMA) with pristine PMMA (pPMMA) in conjunction with our prototyping technique. The information reported here will provide a practical guide to researchers when selecting Re-PMMA material for a more sustainable approach to micro-engineering and microfluidic rapid-prototyping.

Published
2018

47. Co-Deposition and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite-Polyvinylacetate Coatings on 304 SS for Biomedical Devices

Author

Zanca, Claudio, primary, Mendolia, Isabella, additional, Capuana, Elisa, additional, Blanda, Giuseppe, additional, Carfì Pavia, Francesco, additional, Brucato, Valerio, additional, Ghersi, Giulio, additional, la Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional, Piazza, Salvatore, additional, Sunseri, Carmelo, additional, and Inguanta, Rosalinda, additional

Published
2019
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50. Chitosan-Coating Deposition via Galvanic Coupling

Author

Blanda, Giuseppe, primary, Brucato, Valerio, additional, Carfì, Francesco, additional, Conoscenti, Gioacchino, additional, La Carrubba, Vincenzo, additional, Piazza, Salvatore, additional, Sunseri, Carmelo, additional, and Inguanta, Rosalinda, additional

Published
2019
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