Search

In 2020 a number of areas in DKI Jakarta were hit by floods, one of which was the North Tanjung Duren Village, Grogol Petamburan District, West Jakarta. The extreme rainfall of 377 mm/day has flooded almost all areas of DKI Jakarta and its surroundings. In addition, poor drainage causes water to stagnate, causing flooding. However, the absence of an early flood information system makes residents restless when the rainy season arrives. The Community Service (Community service activity) activity carried out aims to provide training to the community in the Tanjung Duren Utara Village area RW 04, RT 0010 regarding water level detection equipment placed in culverts. This tool serves to provide early information if the volume of water in the culvert is full of information in the form of a siren sound. The method used in this Community service activity activity is to provide online counseling and training to the community in RT 0010 / RW 04, North Tanjung Duren Village, Grogol Petamburan District, West Jakarta. The results obtained are an increase in public understanding regarding the dangers of flooding to household electricity, as indicated by the results of the pre-test and post-test which are obtained an average of 43 and 90, respectively. Public understanding of the dangers of flooding to electricity has increased up to 109.3%. In addition, the average partner satisfaction with the material presented is 92%, this shows that the material presented by the presenters team is very useful for the extension participants.

Preschoolers are children aged three to six years. Covid - 19 is a pandemic that is shaking the world right now. Due to the Covid - 19 pandemic, children cannot play with friends outside the home. Limited play space for children makes it easy for them to feel bored just to stay at home, causing children to become anxious. The purpose of this case study is to apply storytelling play therapy to reduce anxiety levels in preschool-aged children at home due to the covid-19 pandemic. The method of this case study is descriptive. The result of the case study is a decrease in anxiety score in subject I from 45 to 30 and subject II from 51 to 34. The conclusion of this case study shows that storytelling therapy is effective in reducing the anxiety level of preschool children. Suggestions for this case study are expected that parents can apply storytelling to reduce anxiety levels in children at home due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

The fifth generation (5G) technology offers high speed communication systems and requires a multi input and multi output (Multiple Input Multiple Output / MIMO) antenna system to increase customer capacity. This research proposes a microstrip antenna design for a fifth-generation (5G) communication system that works at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. The antenna was designed using the RT-Duroid R5880 substrate type with dielectric constant (εr) = 2.2, thickness (h) = 1.57 mm and loss tan (tan α) = 0.0009. To produce optimal parameter, the antenna is optimized using slit on the edge with a total of 2 pairs. The addition of an inset aims to reduce the reflection coefficient of the proposed antenna. From the simulation results, the reflection coefficient value is -25 dB at a frequency of 3.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 220 MHz. The gain of the proposed antenna is 10 dB at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. The isolation coefficient obtained is -70 dB with a distance between (d) = 43 mm. The application of the MIMO antenna increases the gain by 49.52% compared to the single element microstrip antenna.

The ministry of education stated that early childhood is considered important because has become a priority of government policy as strengthening institutions to improve the quality of paud education services. This increasingly varied educational condition makes parents more selective in choosing and increasingly critical both in terms of fasilities and prices (cost). The objective of these study are to know : (1) The effect of facilities parent’s satisfaction in Stanford International Pre-School Medan in 2019/2020, (2) The effect of price parent’s satisfaction in Stanford International Pre-School Medan in 2019/2020,and (3) The Influence of facilities and price on parent’s satisfaction in Stanford International Pre-School Medan in 2019/2020. The research method that used is Quantitative and Qualitative Methods with descriptive analysis. The technique of data collection that used to analyze this data by using the study of the distribution questionnaires to parent’s Stanford International Pre-School Medan in 2019/2020. The population in this study was parents who entrolled their children in the Stanford International Pre-School for period 2019/2020. The sampling technique is purposive sampling from 77 respondents. The result of research methodology showed that (1) The Facilities variable has positive and significant effect parent’s satisfaction in Stanford International Pre-School Medan in 2019/2020. It was obtained TCount10,969> TTabel 1,665 with Sig a (0,025 TTabel 1,665 with Sig a (0,00 FTabel 1,292 with Sig a (0,00

Polar code has been proven to obtain Shannon capacity for Binary Input Discrete Memoryless Channel (BIDMC) and its use has been proposed as the channel coding in 5G technology. However, its performance is limited in finite block length, compared to Turbo or LDPC codes. This research proposes the use of various CRC codes to complement Polar codes with finite block length and analyses the performance based on Block Error Rate (BLER) to Es/N0 (dB). The CRC codes used are of degrees 11 and 24, with 3 different polynomial generators for each degree. The number of bits in the information sequence is 32. The list sizes used are 1, 2, 4, and 8. Simulation results show that the concatenation of CRC and Polar codes will yield good BLER vs Es/N0 performance for short blocks of codeword, with rates 32/864 and 54/864. Concatenating CRC codes with Polar codes will yield a BLER performance of 10-2 with Es/N0 values of -9.1 to -7.5 dB when CRC codes of degree 11 is used, depending on the SC list used. The use of CRC codes of degree 24 enables a BLER performance of 10-2 with Es/N0 values of -7 to -6 dB when the SC list used is 1 or 2. The use of CRC codes of degree 24 combined with SC list with sizes 4 or 8 will improve the BLER performance to 10-2 with Es/N0 values of -8 to -7.5 dB

У роботі запропоновано мікросмужкову антену з L-слотом, оптимізовану за допомогою паразитних елементів. Додавання паразитних елементів спрямоване на розширення смуги пропускання запропонованої антени. Паразитні елементи додавалися з використанням двох типів підкладки FR-4, які були складені в стопку. Випромінювальний елемент розташовувався в нижньому шарі, а паразитний – у верхньому. Для отримання оптимальної пропускної здатності було запропоновано три моделі з різними формами паразитних елементів. Найкращі результати показала модель 1 з імпедансною смугою пропускання 1,3 ГГц (2,17-3,47 ГГц) або 52 %. Крім того, запропонована конструкція антени також створювала кругову поляризацію з осьовим співвідношенням ≤ 3 дБ і максимальним підсиленням 6,76 дБ. Запропонована конструкція антени може бути рекомендована і придатна для використання як приймальна антена в системі бездротового зв'язку. This study proposes a microstrip antenna with L slot that is optimized using parasitic patches. The addition of parasitic elements aims at enhancing the bandwidth of the proposed antenna. Parasitic elements were added using two types of FR-4 substrate, which were stacked. The radiating element was placed in the bottom layer, while the parasitic element was in the top. To produce optimal bandwidth, three models were proposed with different forms of parasitic elements. The best results were shown by model 1 with an impedance bandwidth of 1.3 GHz (2.17-3.47 GHz) or with impedance bandwidth of 52 %. In addition, the proposed antenna design also produced circular polarization with an axial ratio of ≤ 3 dB and a maximum gain of 6.76 dB. The proposed antenna design can be recommended and suitable for use as a receiving antenna in a wireless communication system.

У дослідженні пропонується конструкція широкосмугової мікросмужкової антени з трьома режекторними смугами для системи зв'язку п'ятого покоління (5G). Антена розроблена з використанням підкладки FR-4 з εr = 4,3, tanδ = 0,0265 і товщиною 1,6 мм. Потрійні режекторні смуги генеруються за допомогою конфігурації масиву з 2x2 елементів, в якій патч-антени з'єднані послідовно і розташовані горизонтально. За результатами моделювання отримано антену з трьома режекторними смугами з резонансною частотою 3,15, 3,32 та 3,72 ГГц відповідно. Відносна ширина смуги пропускання (FBW) пропонованої антени становить 770 МГц або 22 %, а коефіцієнт підсилення складає 9,24 дБ при робочій частоті 3,5 ГГц. Запропонована антена дозволила збільшити смугу пропускання та отримати коефіцієнт підсилення до 285 % та 55 % відповідно, у порівнянні з одноелементною антеною. Вивчена конструкція антени може бути рекомендована, оскільки вона є дуже корисною як приймальна антена для системи зв'язку 5G. This research proposes the design of a wideband microstrip antenna with triple notch bands for the fifth generation (5G) communication system. The antenna is designed using FR-4 substrate with εr of 4.3, tanδ of 0.0265 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. Triple notch bands are generated using a 2x2 element array configuration that connects each patch antenna in series and is arranged horizontally. From the simulation results, a triple band notched antenna is obtained with a resonant frequency of 3.15, 3.32 and 3.72 GHz. The fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the proposed antenna is 770 MHz or 22 % and the gain is 9.24 dB with an operating frequency of 3.5 GHz. The proposed antenna succeeded in increasing the bandwidth and gain up to 285 % and 55 %, respectively, compared to a single element antenna. The studied antenna design can be recommended as it is also very useful as a receiving antenna for the 5G communication system.

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of social disclosure on annual report toward investor reaction and corporate performance on high profile companies is listed Indonesia Stock Exchange. Fourty two are registered companies were used as research sample which consist of 42 high profile companies those are listed Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2006-2007. So that, this research uses 84 high profile companies as observation. These samples were selected by using purposive sampling method. Analysis hypothesis is using Regression, and normality data test using One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The result concluded by using Regression is that investor reaction which measures with unexpected trading volume is not influenced by social disclosure. Beside that, this social disclosure is also not giving influence toward corporate performance which measured by Assets Turnover. But social disclosure influences the corporate performance which measured by Return on Equity.

Peningkatan gain pada antena mikrostrip polarisasi melingkar menggunakan metode array 8x2 element diusulkan dalam penelitian ini. Antena yang diusulkan dirancang untuk bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 10700 – 11700 MHz untuk sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro. Untuk meningkatkan gain, antena yang diusulkan di optimasi menggunakan array dengan 8x2 elemen. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai return loss -22.77 dB dan VSWR sebesar 1.156. Bandwidth yang dihasilkan dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 900 MHz dengan rentang frekuensi kerja 10700 MHz -11600 MHz serta impedansi sebesar 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω pada frekuensi kerja 10925 GHz. Gain dari antena array 8x2 elemen adalah 15.6 dB pada frekuensi kerja 10925 MHz. Optimasi dengan metode array 8x2 elemen berhasil meningkatkan Gain sampai dengan 47.76 % dibandingkan dengan desain array 4x2 element. Antena yang diusulkan cocok dijadikan kandidat untuk digunakan pada sistem komunikasi radio gelombang mikro. Kata kunci: antena, mikrostrip, gain, array, radio gelombang mikro ABSTRACT Gain optimization on a circular polarization microstrip antenna using the 8x2 element array method is proposed in this study. The proposed antenna is designed to work in the frequency range 10700 - 11700 MHz for microwave radio communication systems. To increase the gain, the proposed antenna is optimized using an array with 8x2 elements. From the measurement results obtained return value of -22.77 dB and VSWR of 1,156. The Bandwidth produced from the 8x2 element antenna array is 900 MHz with a working frequency range of 10700 MHz - 11600 MHz and an impedance of 55.87 + j 4.97 Ω at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. The gain of the 8x2 element array antenna is 15.6 dB at a working frequency of 10925 MHz. Optimization with the 8x2 element array method succeeded in increasing Gain by up to 47.76% compared to the 4x2 element array design. The proposed antenna is suitable as a candidate for use in microwave radio communication systems. Keywords: microstrip, antenna, gain, array, microwave radio

Miniaturization and size reduction of multiple feed-line microstrip antenna has been investigated and described in this paper. The dimension of proposed antenna reduced using 3 pair of slit while the resonant frequency of 1800 MHz. Based on simulation and optimization result using EM Simulation, the dimension of proposed antenna can reduced until 94.81% compared with conventional multiple feed line microstrip antenna. This result shows that peripheral slit technique succeeded in reducing the dimension of proposed antenna without change the working frequency of antenna.

This paper proposes the design of a circular polarization microstrip antenna (CPMA) which is optimized using array 4×4 element for microwave radio applications. The bandwidth generated from the proposed antenna is 1559 MHz with a frequency range 9862 MHz – 11241 MHz. The simulation results from AWR Microwave Ofiice 2009 shows that the array CPMA has worked at a center frequency of 10700 MHz with a return loss of −26.57 dB, VSWR of 1.098 and axial ratio (AR) 2.031 dB. This shows that the proposed antenna produces a suitable bandwidth requirements for microwave radio communication systems.

Gain enhancement of circular polarization microstrip antenna using the 8x2 element array method is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is intended to work in the frequency range 10700 - 11700 MHz for microwave radio communication systems. To get the maximum gain, the proposed antenna is optimized using an array with 8x2 elements. From the simulation results using EM simulation software, the return loss is -24.62 dB, VSWR is 1.125, bandwidth is 1397 MHz at the frequency of 10950 MHz. Optimization with the 8x2 element array method has been successfully in increasing the gain of the antenna up to 50.09% compared to the 4x2 element array design. The proposed antenna can be a candidate to be used for a receiving antenna in a microwave radio communication system.

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) aims to improve the transportation system based on electronics, computer and telecommunication technologies availabe today. ITS offers information to users and operators of vehicles to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the transport system. In the proximity of the frequency range used by ITS, another system called Wireless Industrial Application (WIA) is present. WIA is typically used for communication and automation purposes in industrial sites. While ITS uses the 5855-5875 MHz frequency band, WIA uses the 5725-5875 MHz band. Analysis for the 5855-5875 MHz band is mandatory to map the potential interference between the two systems. Analysis is done using Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) method, the output of which is used as the input for simulations done using Engineering Advance Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT). Simulation results show that there is potential interference between the two systems, with variable levels with respect to the separation distance between the two systems, the interfering transmitter power, and the bandwidth of the interfering system. Keywords: ITS, WIA, interference , MCL, SEAMCAT Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) merupakan penerapan teknologi maju di bidang elektronika, komputer, dan telekomunikasi yang memiliki prinsip manajemen strategi untuk meningkatkan fungsi transportasi secara keseluruhan. Sistem ini mampu memberikan informasi kepada pemilik barang atau penumpang serta operator angkutan sedemikian sehingga proses transportasi dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Pada rentang pita frekuensi yang berdekatan dengan ITS terdapat juga Wireless Industrial Applications (WIA). WIA merupakan jaringan nirkabel yang biasanya terdapat di lingkungan industri. ITS bekerja pada pita frekuensi 5855-5875 MHz dan WIA berada pada rentang frekuensi 5725-5875 MHz. Analisis pada rentang frekuensi 5855-5875 MHz perlu dilakukan untuk memetakan potensi interferensi antar kedua sistem. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) yang kemudian disimulasikan dengan perangkat lunak Engineering Advance Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan adanya potensi interferensi antara kedua sistem tersebut, dengan tingkatan yang bervariasi tergantung pada jarak pemisah antar sistem, daya pancar sistem penginterferensi, dan bandwidth sistem penginterferensi. Kata kunci: ITS, WIA, interferensi , MCL, SEAMCAT

Wireless communication systems especially radio microwaves communication need a device that functions as a signal transmitter and receiver where the final device for these processes is an antenna. This paper proposes the design of a circular polarization microstrip antenna for microwave radio communication with range frequency of 10750–10950 MHz. Circular polarization with axial ratio ≤ 3 dB is obtained by using a truncated corner technique, whereas to increase bandwidth an array method with 4×2 elements is used. The type of substrate used is Arlon LX 217 with e r of 2.2, thickness (h) of 0.587 mm and loss tangent (tan a) 0.0009. From the simulation results of proposed antenna obtained bandwidth impedance with return loss ≤ −10 dB and VSWR ≤ 2 is 1449 MHz with a frequency range 10511–11960 MHz. Furthermore, the axial ratio of the proposed antenna is 1.468 dB while gain is 10.56 dB at working frequency of 10850 MHz. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the proposed antenna is suitable for microwave radio communication.

Wireless communication systems especially radio microwaves communication need a device that functions as a signal transmitter and receiver where the final device for these processes is an antenna. This paper proposes the design of a circular polarization microstrip antenna for microwave radio communication with range frequency of 10750 – 10950 MHz. Circular polarization with axial ratio 3 dB is obtained by using a truncated corner technique, whereas to increase bandwidth an array method with 2 elements is used. The type of substrate used is Arlon LX 217 with e r of 2.2, thickness (h) of 0.587 mm and loss tangent (tan α) 0.0009. From the simulation results of proposed antenna obtained bandwidth impedance with return loss ≤ −10 dB and VSWR ≤ 2 is 1703 MHz with a frequency range 9831 – 11534 MHz. Furthermore, the axial ratio of the proposed antenna is 2.41 dB while gain is 8.12 dB at working frequency of 10850 MHz. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the proposed antenna is suitable for microwave radio communication.

This paper proposes design of parasitic microstrip antenna with multiple feed line for mobile communication applications at working frequency of 1800 MHz. The purpose of adding multiple feed line is to enhanced the bandwidth of the proposed antenna. The multiple feed line used has an impedance of 100 Ohm and is placed on the edge of the patch parasitic microstrip antenna. The optimal bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is obtained by adjusting the dimensions and position of the multiple feed line. From the simulation results obtained return loss of −15.95 dB, VSWR of 1.379 at work of frequency 1800 MHz and bandwidth of 328 MHz with a frequency range 1735 – 2053 MHz or increased 262.13% compared to parasitic microstrip antenna. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the use of multiple feed line succeeded in increasing the performance and bandwidth of the microstrip antenna.

The use of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in a variety of fields such as military, logistics and environment monitoring has been growing significantly in the last decade. A WSN comprises nodes with capabilities to sense, process and forward information with preferably low energy consumption to prolong the network life-time. This study investigates the use of Reed Solomon (RS) codes as an error correction code to provide reliability to the data transmission in Rayleigh and Nakagami-m distributed fading channels, and their effects on the energy consumption. Simulation results show that while the energy consumption in a network increases in accordance to the increase of the number of nodes for both fading channels, the required energy is significantly higher to obtain low bit error probability for low number of nodes. When the number of nodes in the network is low, the energy needed by the code capable of a higher level of protection almost matches that needed by the code that provides low protection level. The trade-off between code strength and energy consumption is an important factor to consider when the number of nodes in the network is high.

This study aims to describe the implementation of International Accounting Standard 41 conducted by organizations that have biological assets in various countries and identify variables that affect organizational compliance in implementing IAS 41. The research method uses the literature review method. The results of the study showed that the application of IAS 41 encountered obstacles in MSME organizations and traditional farmers. This is due to their lack of ability to implement IAS 41. The results show that the variables that influence organizational compliance in implementing IAS 41 are company intensity and size, ownership concentration, have a significant positive impact and the type of auditor and international stakeholders is positively related but not significant.Keywords. Biological Asset; Fair value; IAS 41.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan implementasi International Accounting Standard 41 yang dilakukan oleh organisasi yang memiliki aset biologis di berbagai negara serta mengidentifikasi variabel yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan organisasi dalam menerapkan IAS 41. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa penerapan IAS 41 menemui kendala di organisasi UMKM dan petani tradisional. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya kemampuan mereka dalam menerapkan IAS 41. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan organisasi dalam mengimpelemtasikan IAS 41 adalah intensitas dan ukuran perusahaan, konsentrasi kepemilikan, memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan dan tipe auditor dan pemangku kepentingan internasional berhubungan positif namun tidak signifikan.Kata kunci. Aset Biologis, Nilai Wajar; IAS 41.

This paper proposes new design of square microstrip antenna with dual feed line for improving bandwidth and axial ratio at work frequency of 2400 MHz. To obtained circular polarization with axial ratio ≤ 3 dB and enhanced bandwidth of antenna, dual feed line is used to improve performance of conventional microstrip antenna. After the simulation process, dual feed line succeed to improved bandwidth of microstrip antenna 131.9 % compared with microstrip antenna with single feed and provide circular polarization with axial ratio 2.44 dB at working frequency of 2400 MHz. compared to the microstrip antenna with a single feed. This research is very usefull for Wi-Fi application in order to improve the level quality of receiver signal.

Mapping the soil water content in large area is an essential process in various fields such as, agriculture, ecology, civil engineering, as well as flood and water resource management. Most of the available methods to gauge soil moisture content are tedious and expensive. Water content of the soil will affect the soil electric properties. In GPR system, the soil electrical properties will affect the received reflected wave. Detailed information about Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) reflected wave propagation is potentially useful for extracting the soil water content. Extraction model of Soil Water Content Information based on Least Square Method for GPR System is proposed in this paper. Theoretical and numerical studies on the proposed method have been performed and the results show that the proposed method is useful to extract information about volumetric water content and thickness of topsoil from the GPR data.

Rate Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC) code is a sub-class of convolutional code which allows varied levels of data protection to suit different types of data. RCPC is becoming extensively used in telecommunication systems as it offers bandwidth efficiency and simpler hardware implementation compared to convolutional coding, with comparable performance. RCPC codes are attained by puncturing several of the redundancy bits of convolutional codes. As accurate analysis of the bit error probability for a punctured convolutional encoder using state diagram and transfer function is not a straightforward process, in this paper we use nonpunctured equivalent convolutional code to represent the punctured code. There are numerous puncturing patterns to yield RCPC codes from certain convolutional mother code. Our simulation results in AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels show that the same code rates yielded by different puncturing patterns will result in different code performance. Therefore, puncturing pattern is one of the key considerations in generating an RCPC code as it markedly affects the code performance.

A method to increase the received power of an antenna system by combining polarization, space and frequency diversities is investigated in this paper. The antenna system under investigation consisted of an array of 10 microstrip antenna elements. Each antenna element is a microstrip antena with circular polarization. Two array antennas with circularly polarized elements have been designed for receiving eloctromagnetic energy in 900 MHz and 1800 MHz band. Laboratory measurement has been conducted to study the increase of antenna received power caused by combining space, polarizarion and frequency diversities. Results show that the proposed method is able to increase the received power by 12.9 dB at 900 MHz and by 8.4 dB at 1800 MHz in an indoor environment; and by 15.8 dB at 900 MHz and by 9.5 dB at 1800MHz. This increase is mainly contributed by the use of space diversity, namely the use of array of 10 elements which contributed to increase the received power by 10.3 dB in an indoor environment. The useof circularly-polarized element increased the received power by 2.6 dB. Of the three diversities proposed, frequency diversity was found to have the least significant contribution becase the received power from 1800 MHz band is smaller than the 900 MHz band. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v2i2.209 Full Text: PDF

We propose a Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) MIMO complemented with Rate-Compatible Convolutional (RCPC) codes with Zero Forcing (ZF) and Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE)-based detection, as a way to attain high-capacity and highly reliable wireless system. The analytical BER of the system is presented and numerically analyzed. The system performance is analyzed in Nakagami-m fading channel, as it is adaptable to various signal statistics and covers a wide range of fading models. Equivalent convolutional code is used to mitigate the complexity arising in the calculations of the RCPC codes parameters. Results show that the use of highrate code allows for bandwidth efficiency while keeping the performance degradation at a minimum level not exceeding 1 dB. It is also shown that the proposed system is able to yield good performance even at the minimum number of antennas.

A Rate-Compatible Punctured Convolutional (RCPC)-encoded Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) MIMO system to provide a robust wireless communication link is proposed. The V-BLAST detection is based on Minimum Mean-Squared Error (MMSE) criterion, to alleviate the noise enhancement commonly found in the original V-BLAST scheme based on Zero Forcing criterion. Different code rates and transmit powers are allocated to data streams emitted from the multiple transmit antennas, according to the attenuation levels of the subchannels. This scheme is efficient in terms of transmit power and bandwidth usage, as the data stream entering a destructive subchannel is given low transmit power and high code rate. Simulations show that the proposed system can attain good performance at a reasonably low Eb/No.

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a device developed mainly for the purpose of monitoring the medical condition of a human. WBAN is worn on the surface or in the human body, and it contains a wireless communication device. A WBAN device is required to be small-sized, with limited power and high data reliability. The data reliability can be obtained by using a carefully designed channel coding scheme so that the energy consumed can be maintained at a low level. In this paper, data transmission in Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami-m fading channels using Raptor and BCH codes is simulated. Simulation results show that Raptor-coded data transmission consumes lower energy compared to BCH-coded transmission for various fading channels if the transmission distance exceeds 10 meters. Therefore, Raptor code is a good candidate for the channel coding scheme for WBAN.

The Indonesian government has allocated the 3.3-3.4 GHz band, which is adjacent to the extended C-band 3.4-3.7 GHz, for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) services. The country has been using the extended C-band for Fixed Satellite Service (FSS). This research shows the interference potential between the two systems if an adjacent band is allocated for them. Using a clutter loss of 10 dB and site shielding of 40 dB, a BWA network consisting of 57 base-stations will potentially intefere an FSS with probability 56.16% if the protection distance used is 1.55 km. The interference potential will decrease to 0% if the protection distance is increased to 3 km. With a BWA network consisting of 20 base-stations, the interference probability is 10.72% and 0% for a protection distance of 1.55 km and 2 km, respectively. With this interference potential it is urgent that Indonesia enforces interference mitigation techniques to protect FSS from disruptive interference.

Punctured convolutional codes are known to have low complexity compared to their non-punctured counterpart, while retaining a good performance. Analyzing the performance of punctured convolutional code can be simplified by using non-punctured equivalent code. In this paper new punctured convolutional codes with rates of 3/8, 3/7 and 3/6 are proposed, and their performances are studied by first constructing non-punctured equivalent codes. Simulation results show that different puncturing patterns will affect the code performances. Further investigations show that puncturing adjacent bits is to be avoided as it tends to degrade the code performance, as indicated by a decrease of the free distance by 9% and 33% below average for code rates 3/7 and 3/6 respectively. On the contrary, dispersed punctured bits will yield good code performance as indicated in the increase of the free distance by 27% and 32.45% above average for code rates 3/7 and 3/6 respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i4.865