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There is an extensive amount of evidence that links changes in the intestinal microbiota structure to the progression and pathophysiology of many liver diseases. However, comprehensive analysis of gut flora dysbiosis in arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity is lacking. Herein, C57BL/6 mice are exposed to arsenic (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg) for 12 weeks, after which fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) study is conducted to confirm the roles of the intestinal microbiome in pathology. Treatment with arsenic results in pathological and histological changes in the liver, such as inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased levels of TP and CHE but increased levels of ALP, GGT, TBA, AST, and ALT. Arsenic causes an increase in the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella and Blautia, but a decrease in the relative abundance of Muribaculum and Lactobacillus. In arsenic-exposed mice, protein expressions of Occludin, ZO-1, and MUC2 are significantly decreased, but the level of FITC in serum is increased, and FITC fluorescence is extensively dispersed in the intestinal tract. Importantly, FMT experiments show that mice gavaged with stool from arsenic-treated mice exhibit severe inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissues. Arsenic-manipulated gut microbiota transplantation markedly facilitates gut flora dysbiosis in the recipient mice, including an up-regulation in Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides, and a down-regulation in Lactobacillus and Desulfovibrio. In parallel with the intestinal microbiota wreck, protein expressions of Occludin, ZO-1, and MUC2 are decreased. Our findings suggest that subchronic exposure to arsenic can affect the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, induce intestinal barrier dysfunction, increase intestinal permeability, and cause damage to liver tissues in mice.

PurposeGut microbiota dysbiosis significantly impacts ulcerative colitis (UC) progression and exacerbation. Probiotics show promise in UC management. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of Bacillus pumilus LV149, an aquatic-derived probiotic, on gut injury repair in male C57BL/6 mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and investigated the underlying mechanisms.MethodsUC was induced by allowing mice free access to a 3% DSS solution for 7 days, with concurrent daily oral gavage of either a low (LV149-L, 1 × 108 CFU/day/mouse) or high (LV149-H, 1 × 109 CFU/day/mouse) dose of LV149. The effects were assessed through physiological parameters, intestinal barrier integrity, inflammation, gut microbiota composition, and transcriptomic changes.ResultsLV149 significantly improved pathological symptoms, including weight loss and disease activity index (DAI), and reduced colon shortening in a dose-dependent manner and inflammatory damage. The intervention also restored gut barrier function by upregulating mucins, goblet cell counts, and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1) in colonic tissue, along with reducing serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Notably, only the LV149-H significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, while both doses increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in a dose-dependent in colonic tissue. LV149 further modulated the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing pathogenic populations. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that LV149-L may exert gut repair effects via the IL-17 signaling pathway, whereas LV149-H appears to act through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that LV149, particularly at a higher dose, effectively mitigated DSS-induced colonic injury by modulating gut microbiota, enhancing gut barrier integrity, and reducing inflammation. The dose-dependent effects underscored LV149-H’s potential as a therapeutic agent for UC due to its stronger anti-inflammatory properties and gut-protective effects.

[Objective] This study aimed at elucidating the effects of different vegetation restoration modes on soil water-stable aggregates and stability in the water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ). [Methods] The characteristics of soil water-stable aggregates and their stability indexes were determined and analyzed by the wet sieve method on the soil under artificially and naturally restored vegetation in the WLFZ in the hilly region of central Sichuan Basin. [Results] The content of >0.25 mm water-stable macroaggregates in WLFZ soils was 4.21% lower compared to unflooded area. The soil water stability macroaggregates content decreased by 12.27% under naturally restored vegetation and increased by 3.84% under artificially restored vegetation compared to unflooded area; With the rise of water elevations, the soil water stability macroaggregates content showed an increasing trend, the microaggregates content showed an overall decreasing trend, and the soil aggregate stability gradually increased with the rise of water elevations; The soil water-stable aggregates composition differed significantly (p

Objective To investigate the effect of intraoperative epileptic seizure on postoperative mood and muscle strength during awake anesthesia (AA) for the resection of gliomas. Methods A total of 90 patients with glioma admitted to Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from September 2020 to September 2022 were collected and divided into general anesthesia group (GA group, n = 30), awake anesthesia without intraoperative epileptic seizure group (AA group, n = 30), and awake anesthesia with intraoperative epileptic seizure group (AA + IE group, n = 30) according to the anesthesia method and the presence of intraoperative epileptic seizure. Patients' mood and muscle strength changes were assessed preoperatively and one week postoperatively by using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and muscle strength division method. Results The differences in HAMD score (F = 9.985, P = 0.000) and muscle strength (F = 4.472, P = 0.014) at one week postoperatively were statistically significant among 3 groups. HAMD score was increased in AA group (q = 3.177, P = 0.014) and AA + IE group (q = 9.468, P = 0.000) when compared with GA group. HAMD scores was increased in AA + IE group (q = 6.290, P = 0.003) when compared with AA group. Postoperative muscle strength of AA group (q = 9.172, P = 0.006) and AA + IE group (q = 5.310, P = 0.000) was increased when compared with GA group. Muscle strength of AA + IE group was decreased compared with AA group (q = 3.862, P = 0.007). Conclusions Awake anesthesia can aggravate postoperative depression, but improve muscle strength. Intraoperative epileptic seizure can aggravate postoperative depression and decrease muscle strength. A reasonable preventive treatment plan needs to be developed in advance to reduce the incidence of intraoperative epileptic seizure.

Intensive agriculture and other anthropogenic activities have led to soil degradation in many regions across China. Improving soil fertility and restoring soil functions is important to maintain sustainable agricultural production and safeguard food supply in China. In this paper, we systematically review the methods and technologies developed over the past decades to improve soil fertility, which includes the concept of soil fertility, index and methods for evaluating soil fertility, the relationship between soil fertility and crop yield, as well as the prospects of soil fertility improvement. In particular, we analyze and discuss the applications of various organic materials including processed biochar and commodity organic fertilizers for improving soil fertility and their efficacy for different soils. We conclude that establishing standards of biochar and organic fertilizers and their application as soil improvers will be an important research area for long-term improvement of soil fertility.

In this paper, zircon SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology, petrology, mineral chemistry, petrogeochemistry, Sm-Nd and Lu-Hf isotopes were studied for the eastern part of the Dupangling pluton, which is located at the western section of Nanling at the junction of Hunan and Guangxi provinces. The zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating results show that the age of coarse-to-medium-grained porphyritic biotite monzogranite is 215.6±2.1 Ma, medium-grained porphyritic biotite monzogranite 220.5±1.8 Ma, medium-grained rapakivi biotite monzogranite 222.8±1.5 Ma. Combined with the age of fine-grained muscovite monzogranite as 209.7±3.1 Ma obtained in the previous research, it is suggested that the emplacement time ranges from 222.8 Ma to 209.7 Ma, and the pluton is derived from the Indosinian magmatic activity rather than the Yanshanian as previously thought. The mineral-chemical characteristics of rapakivi K-feldspar and biotite phenocryst indicate that the magma temperature, pressure and composition have gone through fluctuation during the formation process, and biotite phenocryst was formed by multiple melting under the underplating by basaltic magma in this area. The Dupangling biotite monzogranites have higher contents of SiO2 and K2O+Na2O, A/CNK value ranges between 1.02 and 1.39 and Rittman index (δ) between 0.93 and 2.18, belonging to the peraluminous calc-alkaline. Moreover, these monzogranites are enriched in REE, Rb, Th and U with higher content of HFSE (Nb, Y and Ga), depleted in Ba, Sr and Eu with higher ratios of TFeO/MgO and Ga/Al, showing the characterisitics of A-type granite. The isotope εNd(t) value ranges from -8.74 to -8.13, and the T2DM value from 1.71 to 1.66 Ga; the zircon isotope εHf(t) value ranges from -14.1 to -1.4, and the T2DM value from 2.14 to 1.34 Ga. It reveals that the Dupangling biotite monzogranites mainly originated from the partial melting of ancient crustal materials and were mixed with a certain degree of depleted mantle materials. The metamorphic peak period of the Indosinian movement is from 258 Ma to 243 Ma. South China was in an extensional tectonic setting after 233 Ma and mantle-derived basalt magma was in a wide range of underplating, which caused the crustal material remelting to form the Dupangling Indosinian aluminous A-type granite (rapakiwi granite) under an extensional background.

Since it is difficult for manual recording to track the rapid change of indication of the power meter, the power meter images are collected by the camera and automatically recognized and recorded to effectively overcome the disadvantages of manual recording. However, the complex scene lighting environment and smearing character shadows make it difficult to transfer captured images directly to convolutional neural networks for character recognition. A smear character recognition method of side-end power meter under complex lighting conditions is proposed in this article. First, the uneven illumination image enhancement algorithm is studied. Through the estimation of the illumination component of the image, the fusion weight is calculated by the principal component analysis for multiscale fusion, and the up-sampling and down-sampling are adopted to reduce the calculation of the algorithm and achieve the rapid image enhancement. A convolution neural network framework based on deep learning is proposed to realize the segmentation of smear characters, and the final segmented individual characters are fed into a network to identify the meter readings. The experimental results show that the proposed smear character recognition method has fast recognition speed, and the recognition rate of samples with the smear character and complex illumination reaches 99.8%, which meets the requirements of power meter character recognition and is better than other algorithms.

Earth-berming design is a common energy-saving practice for speed skating ovals. This study explores the impacts of different earth-berming conditions on the carbon emissions during the operation phase of the venue and evaluates the carbon reduction efficiency by taking into account the incremental carbon emissions caused by the excavation during the construction phase. In this study, three different climate zones were selected as the study environment to simulate the carbon reduction effect of two basic forms of mainstream-scaled speed skating ovals under various earth-berming conditions and to summarise the fitting equations of carbon reduction efficiency. The study found that the total annual carbon emissions (CE) of both forms are the lowest in the severe cold zone in general, and the decreased carbon (dCE) from the earthberming design positively correlates with the excavated volume (V) with a maximum value of 98.9tCO2e/y. Among all regions, the maximum dCE for all forms is highest in the severe cold zone, 5.1% and 9.8% more than that in the hot-summer-cold-winter zone, which has the worst performances. The carbon reduction efficiency of the earth-berming design was measured by critical gain time (T). The earth-berming covariates and T for both forms could be fitted by a quadratic equation, which showed that the larger the burial depth on the large-span space side of Form 1 compared to the auxiliary space side, the smaller the T-value, whereas the greater the V of Form 2, the smaller the T-value.

The G-load simulation principle and kinematic relationship of three-axis manned centrifuge are analyzed. The numerical method is used to solve the G-load simulation loading section, and the accurate calculation of the main arm speed of the overload simulation loading section is realized by simulation. The existence of the rotational speed solution of the main arm of the unloading section is analyzed, and the boundary of the rotational speed solution is clarified, which can also guide experimental designers to design the overload curve. Under the condition that the existence boundary of the solution is satisfied, the high precision numerical solution is obtained, and the G-load simulation accuracy of different methods is analyzed by combining pure Gz G-load simulation and three-direction G-load simulation.

C30H20O4N2Cl2S2, Orthorhombic, Pca21, a = 16.9808(14) Å, b = 7.5227(6) Å, c = 20.8027(16) Å, V = 2657.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0642, wRref(F2) = 0.1809, T = 293 K.

C15H16ClNO2, triclinic, P1‾$‾{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.4339(12) Å, b = 8.2564(14) Å, c = 12.184(2) Å, α = 108.804(6)∘, β = 93.672(5)∘, γ = 94.373(6)∘, V = 702.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0650, wRref(F2) = 0.1974, T = 273 K.

In recent years, e-commerce shopping festivals based on the presale model have become increasingly popular. Under the pre-sale model, some e-commerce companies have used inventory front-loading methods to give consumers higher time satisfaction for alleviating the pressure caused by order piling. At the same time a new return method has been generated, but existing studies have only considered the traditional return method. In this paper, a dualobjective decision model based on NSGA-II algorithm is developed for maximizing enterprise profit and maximizing consumer time satisfaction under the premise of considering both return methods, and the optimal two-level inventory allocation decision scheme is calculated for e-commerce enterprises. The results show that the existence of two return methods will have a more significant impact on enterprise profit, and therefore is more practical for e-commerce enterprises to make two-level inventory allocation decisions.

C16H8O4, monoclinic, Pc (no. 7), a = 3.7133(1) Å, b = 9.7214(4) (2) Å, c = 15.5765(6) Å, β = 96.121(2)°, V = 559.08(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0506, wRref(F2) = 0.1274, T = 150(2) K.

A strategy is proposed to achieve wideband tunable perfect plasmonic absorption in graphene nanoribbons by employing attenuated total refraction (ATR) in Otto prism configuration. In this configuration, the Otto prism with a deep-subwavelength dielectric spacer is used to generate tunneling evanescent waves to excite localized plasmons in graphene nanoribbons. The influence of the configuration parameters on the absorption spectra of graphene plasmons is studied systematically, and the key finding is that perfect absorption can be achieved by actively controlling the incident angle of light under ATR conditions, which provides an effective degree of freedom to tune the absorption properties of graphene plasmons. Based on this result, it is further demonstrated that by simultaneously tuning the incident angle and the graphene Fermi energy, the tunable absorption waveband can be significantly enlarged, which is about 3 times wider than the conventional cavity-enhanced configuration. Our proposed strategy to achieve wideband, tunable graphene plasmons could be useful in various infrared plasmonic devices.

With the purpose of studying the influence of NO/O2 on the NOx storage activity, a Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized by an acid-aided sol-gel method. The physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) methods. The results showed that the composition of the catalyst was well-crystallized and the crystalline size of CeO2 (111) was about 5.7 nm. The mechanism of NO and NO2 storage and NOx temperature programmed desorption (NO-TPD) experiments were investigated to evaluate the NOx storage capacity of the catalyst. Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst presented the supreme NOx storage performance at 350℃, and the maximum value reached to 668.8 μmol / gcat. Compared with O2-free condition, NO oxidation to NO2 by O2 had a beneficial effect on the storage performance of NOx. NO-TPD test results showed that the NOx species stored on the catalyst surface still kept relatively stable even below 350℃.

C23H13NO4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.6537(6) Å, b = 5.1315(2) Å, c = 26.8047(13) Å, β = 96.266(3)°, V = 1593.4(13) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0531, wRref(F2) = 0.1432, T = 90.0(5) K.