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In the last decades the issue of refugees and immigrants has become more transparent and a subject of interest for the common citizen. Many authors discuss and analyze how people perceive immigration and the issues related to them. However, we know very little about what young citizens, members of generation Z, think about refugees and immigrants. The paper addresses this gap in the literature and analyzes how young citizens perceive immigrants and refugees that arrive in Romania. It uses Romania as a single-case study and semistructured interviews conducted in September 2022-October 2022 with young citizens coming from different sociodemographic profiles, to explain the variation in how they perceive the recent Ukrainian refugees and other immigrants. The main purpose is to explain the perceptions variation related to the current crisis generated by Russian Federation. The findings indicate that young citizens' perceptions are influenced by a combination of general attitudes toward the political system and society, education, and specific attitudes about potential external threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "special military operation" launched by the Russian Federation in Ukraine at the beginning of 2022 had a strong impact on the European security environment. The full-scale invasion marked an unwelcome return of armed conflict within the continent and an unprecedented humanitarian situation. It was also the first time that members of Generation Z are seeing what war really looks like. The existing literature provides extensive studies about Gen Z's perception of various issues like social and political values, workplace, and quality of life. However, very little is known about young citizens' perception of security, safety, and freedom after the war in Ukraine started. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature and analyses how Gen Z's perception of security, safety, and freedom has changed in the current security environment. The analysis is based on a single case study -- in Romania, and semi-structured interviews conducted in September-October 2022 with young citizens coming from different sociodemographic profiles. The main purpose is to explain how the conflict affected the perceptions variation of the abovementioned indicators, in a post-communist state where those under 25yo did not experience a large-scale military conflict so close to our borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the century we live in, the main scene of political display is the virtual space of the internet. It is used by political agents to promote their own agendas and by citizens for demonstrations and political support. Cyber-activism is being strengthened every day, and the general belief is that the new generations, "clean" from any ideological perspective, through the informational exchange facilitated by the internet, will want to promote and consolidate democratic values. One of the main ideologies that started this type of belief is cyber-utopianism. In this paper, we will try to outline, starting from the hypotheses of this ideology, that e-democracy can become the worse of all kinds of democracies, because it's based on instruments capable of building its own censorship. The information overload determines that relevant information can be overlooked and misjudged leading to risky vulnerabilities for the healthy development of democracy. We can accept that edemocracy can be very helpful in promoting democratic values in autocratic regimes around the world, but it's risking a failure at home. Exposure to too much information it's just a new type of mass political communication, that can backslide to other extremes. The lack of information and information overload can mirror the same effect: political ignorance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the concept of Open Source Intelligence and the effects that openness and the increasing use of open sources has on the management of classified information. Without claims of completeness, the paper discusses the issue of open information vs. closed (classified) information in a moment of change for the intelligence community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass media and terrorism are two intertwined phenomena which inevitably gave birth to a "marriage" from which both sides benefit. For several decades terrorist networks have learned to use media to induce fear or to attract new supporters and adherents. Innovative and open to change, terrorist groups have shifted part of their media in the virtual and online environment. This paper is a qualitative and subjective analysis of the most successful terrorist publications in the Inspire magazine. Inspire magazine is a current online publication issued by the Al Malahen media foundation in 2010. The main aim of this paper is to analyze how the objectives proposed by the editors are found throughout the content of the magazine. From the methodological point of view, this work is based on a content analysis tool through which we analyzed the ten issues of the magazine. In our analysis we toke in consideration four indicators: the magazine sections, the authors, the images and the overall tone of the articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]