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Meryta puruhi Butaud, J.Florence, Lowry & F.Tronchet, sp. nov. (Figs 2; 3; 4) Meryta puruhi inter Societatis insularum M. lanceolatae J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. et M. raiateensi J.W. Moore affinis, sed foliis obovatis vel spatulatis vs. lanceolatas vel oblongas illarum duarum specierum atque (7-)8-11 carpellis vs 4-6(-7), praecipue differt. TYPUS. — Polynésie française, Archipel des Tuamotu. Atoll de Anaa, Tukuhora, au sud-est de la mare aux anguilles, mince bande de feo entre cocoteraie, Premna, Xylosma, Pandanus, Morinda myrtifolia et M. citrifolia, Laportea, Asplenium nidus, Capparis, 17°20’58.992”S, 145°30’51.012”W, 5 m, 17.VI.2005, fr., J.-F. Butaud 1142 (holo-, PAP[PAP010427!]; iso-, P[P00398291, P00398359]!; PAP[PAP010428!]) (Fig. 4). PARATYPI. — Polynésie française. Archipel des Tuamotu. Atoll de Niau, Tupana, derrière le cimetière, sous-bois de Guettarda, Pouteria, Myrsine, Glochidion, Xylosma, Allophylus, Ixora, 16°07’48.4”S, 146°20’07.3”W, 8 m, 13.X.2006, fr., J.-F. Butaud 1500 (PAP[PAP015762]!); Tupana, à l’ouest du village, Pandanus, Pouteria, Premna, Myrsine, Xylosma, Guettarda, Timonius, Cyclophyllum, Ixora, 16°07’32.7”S, 146°20’29.3”W, 8 m, 14.X.2006, fr., J.-F. Butaud 1505 (PAP[PAP015761]!); Maiahu, au bout d’une route pénétrant les feo, 16°09’48.1”S, 146°19’13.8”W, 8 m, 23.X.2006, fl. ♂, J.-F. Butaud 1534 (PAP [PAP015892]!); Village de Ofare, secteur sud-ouest, forêt de makatea avec Pipturus, Myrsine, Guettarda, [16°8’S, 146°23’W], 2 m, 28.III.1990, stér., J. Florence 10139 (BISH, K, MO!, P[P00398362]!, PAP[PAP000550]!, US[US3294808]!); Maiahu, secteur sud-ouest, Forêt de makatea avec Pisonia, Planchonella, [20°11’S, 146°21’W], 1 m, 31.III.1990, stér., J. Florence 10175 (BISH, K, MO!, P[P00398363]!, PAP[PAP000551]!, US); Maiahu, secteur sud-ouest, forêt de makatea en sous-bois sur calcaire érodé, [20°11’S, 146°21’W], 1 m, 2.IV.1990, fr., J. Florence 10188 (P[P00398364]!, PAP[PAP000552]!). — Atoll de Anaa. Tukuhora, au sud-est de la mare aux anguilles, feo, Asplenium nidus, Guettarda Microsorum, Timonius, Pipturus, Xylosma, Cocos, Laportea, 17°20’58.94’’S, 145°30’51.29’’W, 5 m, 17.VI.2005, fl. ♂, J.-F. Butaud 1141 (BISH!, P[P00398288, P00398358]!; PAP[PAP010431, PAP010433]!; PTBG!); Tukuhora, au sud-est de la mare aux anguilles, mince bande de feo entre cocoteraies, 17°20’58.94”S, 145°30’51.29”W, 5 m, 17.VI.2005, fl. ♂, J.-F. Butaud 1143 (P[P00398360]!; PAP[PAP010426]!); Tukuhora, est de Tevaiora, en bordure de zone marécageuse, Peperomia, Guettarda Psilotum, Pipturus, Pisonia, 17°20’58.9”S, 145°30’49.7”W, 5 m, 25.VIII.2008, fl. ♂, J.-F. Butaud & J. Kape 1910 (PAP[PAP015217]!); ibid., 15.VII.2018, fr., J.-F. Butaud (leg. J. Hauata) 3703 (PAP[PAP015968]!); ibid., 15.VII.2018, fl. ♂, J.-F. Butaud (leg. J. Hauata) 3704 (PAP[PAP015969]!); ibid., 15.VII.2018, stér., J.-F. Butaud (leg. J. Hauata) 3705 (PAP[PAP015970]!); Tukuhora, Moist woods on dissected coral rock, 13.V.1934, fr., H. St. John 14263 (BISH[BISH122845]!). ÉTYMOLOGIE. — L’épithète de cette espèce correspond au nom polynésien puruhi employé dans les deux îles pour la désigner. RÉPARTITION. — Meryta puruhi sp.nov. est restreinte aux parties surélevées des atolls de Niau (7,5 m d’altitude) et de Anaa (5 m), et constitue la seule espèce du genre dans l’archipel des Tuamotu en Polynésie française (Fig. 1). À Niau, elle croît dans les forêts sur corail soulevé (feo) sur la quasi-totalité de l’atoll avec juste une absence dans la partie occidentale (Fig. 5). À Anaa, elle n’est connue que des cinq principaux îlots de la moitié ouest de l’île (Fig. 6), au sein du même type de forêt. La plupart des individus sont présents dans les sous-populations de Tukuhora et Temarie, tandis que celles de Ahuraka, Otepipi et Otika comprennent moins de dix individus chacune et apparaissent proches de l’extinction. ÉCOLOGIE. — Ce petit arbre est cantonné aux zones de corail soulevé appelées heo ou feo dans les Tuamotu et en particulier dans les atolls de Niau et Anaa. C’est une espèce du sous-bois des forêts à Planchonella - Xylosma dominées par plusieurs arbres indigènes: Celtis pacifica Planch. (Cannabaceae), Glochidion spp. (Phyllanthaceae), Guettarda speciosa L. (Rubiaceae), Pandanus tectorius Parkinson (Pandanaceae), Pisonia grandis R.Br. (Nyctaginaceae), Planchonella tahitensis (Nadeaud) Pierre ex Dubard (Sapotaceae), Pritchardia mitiaroana J.Dransf. & Y.Ehrh. et Xylosma suaveolens (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) G.Forst. (Salicaceae), ainsi que des arbustes indigènes comme Allophylus rhomboidalis (Nadeaud) Radlk. (Sapindaceae), Cyclophyllum barbatum (G.Forst.) N.Hallé & J.Florence (Rubiaceae), Ixora sp. (Rubiaceae), Morinda citrifolia L. (Rubiaceae), Myrsine niauensis Fosberg & Sachet (Primulaceae), Premna serratifolia L. (Lamiaceae) et Tarenna sambucina (G. Forst.) T. Durand ex Drake (Rubiaceae). On y trouve également l’herbacée indigène Peperomia pallida (G. Forst.) A.Diet. (Piperaceae), les lianes indigènes Capparis spinosa subsp. cordifolia (Lam.) Fici (Capparidaceae), Gynochthodes myrtifolia (A.Gray) Razafim. & B.Bremer (Rubiaceae), les fougères indigènes Asplenium nidus L. & A. listeri C.Chr. (Aspleniaceae), et Micorosorum grossum (Langsd. & Fisch.) S.B.Andrews (Polypodiaceae) et le cocotier introduit Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae). Les fruits orange à maturité de Meryta puruhi sp. nov. sont consommés par le ptilope des Tuamotu (Ptilinopus coralensis Peale, 1848), oiseau endémique de l’archipel, toujours présent à Niau, mais éteint localement à Anaa, qui en disperse les graines (Butaud, obs. pers.). Deux espèces de rats introduits se nourrissent des fruits mûrs ou immatures, Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) et probablement R. exulans (Peale, 1848), mais il n’est pas déterminé s’ils participent à sa dissémination. NOMS VERNACULAIRES. — Les habitants de Niau et de Anaa nomment cette espèce puruhi (Butaud 2007, 2008; Butaud & Jacq 2017). À Anaa, ce nom a été initialement relevé pour le genre Meryta par St. John et indiqué sur l’étiquette de son échantillon 14263 collecté en 1934. Seuls de rares habitants connaissent toujours ce nom aujourd’hui. À Niau, plusieurs noms ont été relevés pour Meryta puruhi sp. nov. par Florence en 1990: pua sur son échantillon 10139, torotea sur le 10175, et opuhi sur le 10188. Une enquête de terrain conduite en 2006 par Butaud (2007) auprès d’une dizaine de personnes âgées a démontré que le nom puruhi est employé pour désigner Meryta puruhi sp. nov., tandis que pua se réfère à Fagraea berteroana A.Gray ex Benth. (Gentianaceae), une espèce absente de l’île, torotea correspond à Allophylus rhomboidalis, et opuhi est généralement lié à l’herbacée ornementale introduite Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K.Schum. (Zingiberaceae). Il est intéressant de noter que dans les Îles de la Société, le nom puruhi désigne Ceodes taitensis (Heimerl) E.F.S.Rossetto & Caraballo (Nyctaginaceae), tandis que les différentes espèces de Meryta sont appelées ‘ofepara (Butaud 2017). Sur l’île de Rapa aux Australes, puru est le nom de Meryta choristantha Harms (Meyer 2011), tandis qu’à Hiva Oa aux Marquises, kohepuru est celui de Meryta pastoralis (Tutana Tetuanui, comm. pers. 2022). STATUT DE CONSERVATION. — Meryta puruhi sp. nov. est restreint aux deux atolls surélevés, Niau (21,5 km ²) et Anaa (37,7 km ²), qui sont éloignés de 150 km l’un de l’autre.À Anaa,150 individus (incluant à la fois les individus matures et immatures) ont été dénombrés sur cinq îlots, ce qui représente cinq sous-populations, tandis que plus de 400 individus formant une seule sous-population ont été recensés à Niau. Ces comptages ne sont pas exhaustifs et le nombre total d’individus matures sur les deux îles est estimé entre 500 et 1000. La zone d’occurrence (EOO) de cette espèce est d’environ 1700 km ² tandis que sa zone d’occupation (AOO) est de 28 km ², 8 km ² sur Anaa, en se basant sur des carrés de 1 km de côté, et presque tout l’atoll sur Niau (près de 20 km ²). Son aire géographique est considérée comme étant sévèrement fragmentée sur Anaa à cause de l’extinction du ptilope (genre Ptilinopus), qui jouait localement un rôle important dans sa dissémination, mais également entre les deux atolls, eu égard à la relative grande distance les séparant, soit 150 km. En effet, cette grande distance n’a pas permis la recolonisation de Anaa par le ptilope des Tuamotu à partir de Niau ou d’autres atolls proches en plus de 150 ans (période de l’acquisition des premières données naturalistes sur Anaa et indiquant l’absence de ptilope). Il faut noter que d’autres oiseaux frugivores (notamment des espèces appartenant aux genres Ducula et Pampusana) étaient probablement présents anciennement sur ces atolls mais en ont depuis disparu (Thibault & Cibois 2017). Meryta puruhi sp. nov. est menacé à un faible niveau par l’arbre envahissant Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, à un niveau modéré par l’extinction de son principal disséminateur dans une partie de son aire de répartition et à un haut niveau par des incendies d’origine humaine liés à l’entretien des cocoteraies et par l’urbanisation qui touche des habitats riches en Meryta à travers l’extension des villages. En effet, la population principale de Tukuhora à Anaa est progressivement détruite par les remblais nécessaires à la construction de bâtiments divers, ainsi que par l’extension de la zone aéroportuaire et des dépotoirs. Une partie de son habitat à Niau est incluse dans la zone urbaine (UB) définie par le plan général d’aménagement (PGA) de la commune, tandis que le reste est situé en zone de site protégé (NDzt). En prenant en compte les menaces plausibles les plus sérieuses que sont les incendies et l’urbanisation, M. puruhi sp. nov. possède quatre localités, deux sur Anaa (village de Tukuhora et autres sous-populations) et deux sur Niau (zone urbaine et zone de site protégé). Un déclin continu de la zone d’occurrence, de la zone d’occupation, de la superficie, étendue et qualité de l’habitat favorable, du nombre de sous-populations et du nombre d’individus matures est projeté. Meryta puruhi sp. nov. serait ainsi évalué comme Vulnérable sur le critère C de la liste rouge de l’UICN (2012) en raison de la petite taille de sa population et de son déclin [C2a(i)], et également sur le critère D en lien avec le faible nombre d’individus matures [D1]. Néanmoins, sur le critère B, il peut être évalué comme En danger [EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) + 2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)]. DESCRIPTION Arbre monocaule à faiblement ramifié en candélabre, dioïque, de 3-8 m de hauteur et de 6-15 cm de diamètre à la base; bois tendre, écorce grise rugueuse. Feuilles Simples, alternes, groupées à l’extrémité des rameaux, les juvéniles et les adultes comparables, à légère odeur de carotte; pétiole robuste, de (1,8-)2,9-5,9(-7,3) cm × (1,5-) 2-4 mm, sans lenticelles, avec des stries transversales vert foncé sur les deux faces à l’état frais, à base légèrement élargie et faiblement engainante; ligule présente dessus à la base du pétiole, caduque rapidement, à portion libre triangulaire, longue de 5-6 mm, marges entières et apex aigu; limbe vert terne dessus sur le frais, légèrement plus clair dessous, largement obovale à étroitement oblong ou spatulé, de (12,4-)16,1-24,6(-30) × (6-)7-11,8(-13,5) cm (rapport L/l 1,6-2,5), membraneux à cartacé, glabre sur les deux faces, à base atténuée, légèrement asymétrique avec un déport de 2-8 mm, à marge entière, parfois faiblement et irrégulièrement crénelée, ondulée distalement, obscurément révolutée, apex aigu, obtus, arrondi à faiblement rétus, doté d’un acumen court largement triangulaire; nervation eucamptodrome à parfois brochidodrome, vert clair à l’état frais; nervure médiane saillante sur les deux faces, rectiligne, face inférieure sans ou jusqu’à deux épaississements restreints à la moitié proximale; 18 à 33 paires de nervures secondaires, divergeant sous un angle de 60-85° (au niveau de la plus grande largeur du limbe), nervures distales moins divergentes, nervures interstitielles souvent présentes; nervures tertiaires évidentes, rectilignes à s’anastomosant sous divers angles, formant rarement des arcs convexes dans la zone intercostale; nervures d’ordre supérieur visibles sur le sec, formant un réseau délicat et dense; veinules formant des aréoles quadrangulaires à polygonales de 0,5-1,5 mm. Inflorescence mâle Terminale, dressée, verte à jaune in vivo, en racème d’épis, avec 2 degrés de ramification, axe primaire long de 9,5- 12 cm × 4-5 mm à la base, axillé par des cataphylles caduques, laissant des cicatrices visibles, partie libre triangulaire, de 6-9 × 5-6 mm, marge entière à serrulée, apex aigu; 6 à 11 axes secondaires, longs de 2-12 cm (plus courts distalement), chacun axillé par une bractée caduque, largement triangulaire, longue de 7-10 mm, sans lenticelles, à marge entière à faiblement denticulée, apex obtus à aigu, parfois apiculé; capitules au nombre de 7-11 par axe secondaire, sessiles, avec 7 à 15(-27) fleurs, les proximaux insérés à 3-10 mm de la base, chacun axillé par une bractée caduque largement triangulaire. Fleurs mâles Sessiles, nues ou axillées par une bractéole persistante, oblongue à largement ovale, longue de 2,5-3 mm, aiguë au sommet; quatre ou cinq pétales, étroitement obovales, de 2,3-2,7 mm de longueur, hyalins; étamines à filets de 1,8-2,5 mm de long, anthères de 0,9-1,6 mm. Inflorescence femelle Description à partir des infrutescences. Terminale, dressée, verte à vert pâle sur le frais, en court racème d’épis, avec deux degrés de ramification, axe primaire long de 7-15 cm × 4-6 mm à la base, axillé par des cataphylles caduques, à marge serrulée, apex aigu; 8 à 13 axes secondaires, longs de 2-6 cm (plus courts distalement), chacun axillé par une bractée caduque largement triangulaire longue de 6-9 mm, sans lenticelles, à marge faiblement denticulée, apex aigu, parfois apiculé; capitules au nombre de 1-6 par axe secondaire, avec 4 à 16 fleurs, les proximaux insérés à 4-12 mm de la base de l’axe secondaire. Fleurs femelles Description d’après des images de très jeunes fruits. Sessiles; bractéole partiellement couverte par la fleur et plus tard par le fruit; huit pétales, persistants sur les fruits, triangulaires, récurvés lorsque la fleur est réceptive, apex aigu; (7-)8(-11) carpelles et stigmates. Infrutescence Généralement dressée, mais parfois pendante en raison du poids des fruits. Fruits Verts à l’état jeune, orange à maturité, restes des pétales persistants, non coalescents, ovaires libres les uns par rapport aux autres, mais basalement et parfois latéralement accolés; drupes globuleuses à subglobuleuses-déprimées, de 7-9 × (7-) 9-12,5 mm, lisses et charnues à l’état frais, profondément côtelées à l’état sec, les côtes correspondant aux 7-11 pyrènes, styles persistants et récurvés, d’environ 1,5-2 mm. Pyrènes De couleur crème, semi-ellipsoïdaux à semi-ovoïdes, nettement aplatis, de 5,5-6 × 3-4 × 1-2 mm, avec une petite arête proche du hile sur chaque face. NOTES Meryta puruhi sp. nov. appartient clairement à Meryta sect. Meryta (Harms 1938), incluant les espèces où les fleurs femelles et les fruits sont accolés à la base; elle ressemble le plus à M. lanceolata et M. raiateensis des Îles de la Société, avec lesquelles elle partage une même structure d’inflorescence et des ovaires libres, Published as part of Butaud, Jean-François, Florence, Jacques, Lowry II, Porter P. & Tronchet, Frédéric, 2023, Une nouvelle espèce de Meryta J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Araliaceae) de l'archipel des Tuamotu en Polynésie française, pp. 61-71 in Adansonia (3) (3) 45 (4) on pages 63-70, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2023v45a4, http://zenodo.org/record/7671014, {"references":["BUTAUD J. - F. 2007. - Etude de la flore vasculaire de l'atoll souleve de Niau, cartographie de sa vegetation, caracterisation de l'habitat du Martin-Chasseur de Niau et priorites de conservation. SOP Manu × & DIREN, Tahiti, 96 p.","BUTAUD J. - F. 2008. - Flore, formations vegetales et ethnobotanique de l'atoll de Anaa en vue de la conservation de son patrimoine naturel et culturel. DIREN, Tahiti, 66 p.","BUTAUD J. - F. & JACQ F. 2017. - Atolls souleves des Tuamotu - Guide floristique. Direction de l'Environnement, Tahiti, 97 p. https: // www. service-public. pf / diren / wp-content / uploads / sites / 17 / 2019 / 01 / Atolls-souleves-Light. pdf","BUTAUD J. - F. 2017. - Vallees tahitiennes - Guide floristique. 3 e edition. Direction de l'Environnement, Tahiti. https: // www. service-public. pf / diren / wp-content / uploads / sites / 17 / 2019 / 01 / Vallees-tahtiennes-Light. pdf","MEYER J. - Y. 2011. - Rapa, iles Australes - Guide de la flore indigene et endemique. Direction de l'Environnement & Delegation a la Recherche, Tahiti. https: // www. service-public. pf / diren / wp-content / uploads / sites / 17 / 2019 / 01 / Rapa. pdf","THIBAULT J. - C. & CIBOIS A. 2017. - Birds of Eastern Polynesia. A Biogeographic Atlas. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 438 p.","HARMS H. 1938. - Zur Kenntnis von Meryta sonchifolia Linden et Andre und einigen anderen Arten des Gattung. Notizblatt des botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem 14: 315 - 321. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3994949","WELSH S. L. 1998. - Flora Societensis. A Summary Revision of the Flowering Plants of the Society Islands: Mehetia, Tahiti, Moorea, Tetiaroa (iles du vent); Huahine, Raiatea, Tahaa, Bora Bora, Tupai, Maupiti, and Mopelia (iles sous le vent). Utah, E. P. S. Inc, 421 p.","MONTAGGIONI L. F., SALVAT B., AUBANEL A., EISENHAUER A. & MARTIN- GARIN B. 2018. - The mode and timing of windward reef-island accretion in relation with Holocene sea-level change: A case study from Takapoto Atoll, French Polynesia. Geomorphology 318: 320 - 335. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geomorph. 2018.06.015","CIBOIS A., THIBAULT J. - C., RAUST P. & PASQUET E. 2011. - Systematics of the reed-warblers of the Tuamotu Archipelago, eastern Polynesia. Emu 111 (2): 139 - 147. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / MU 10039","GATEBLE G. 2015. - Flore ornementale de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Horticulture, botanique et histoire. Institut agronomique neo-Caledonien et Editions au Vent des Iles, Tahiti, 624 p."]}

Butaud, Jean-François, Florence, Jacques, Lowry II, Porter P., Tronchet, Frédéric (2023): Une nouvelle espèce de Meryta J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (Araliaceae) de l'archipel des Tuamotu en Polynésie française. Adansonia (3) 45 (4): 61-71, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2023v45a4

This contribution is an open letter to all CITES Management and Scientific Authorities, which is signed by all of the co-authors. As CITES convenes its 19th Conference of the Parties in November 2022, some of the largest seizures in history of illegally harvested CITES-listed species are poised to be handed back to the criminals who smuggled them out of Madagascar. Nearly 40,000 rosewood logs were illegally exported from the country in 2014, in clear violation of CITES and national embargos, as explicitly declared in Notices issued by the CITES Secretariat. The logs were seized by Singapore, Kenya, and Sri Lanka, but as a result of both passive and active interference from various Malagasy officials and aggressive use of these countries’ national court and political systems, orders have now been issued for the logs to be returned to the smugglers. Release of this wood would have catastrophic consequences for the future sustainable management of Madagascar’s remaining rosewood and ebony resources. We propose five essential steps that should be taken at the upcoming CITES CoP 19 in Panama to prevent this from happening.

Key to the species of the Bernieriana group of Diospyros 1. Leaf margins distinctly undulate................................. 2 1a. Leaf margins flat or revolute, not distinctly undulate (weakly undulate in fresh material of D. hongwae)...... 3 2. Apex of fruit completely enclosed within the calyx; fruit spherical; N and NE Madagascar and the Comoro islands (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mayotte and Moheli)..................................................................... 1. D. bernieriana 2a. Apex of fruit exserted above the calyx; fruit ellipsoid; Zombitsy, Tsihombe.................................... 5. D. silicea 3. Leaf blade with margins flat or slightly revolute, abaxial surface not at all obscured........................................... 4 3a. Leaf blade with margins strongly revolute, obscuring much of the abaxial surface on at least some leaves..... 5 4. Largest leaf blade 2–4(–5) cm long; apex of fruit enclosed within the calyx; free portion of calyx tubular; western forest, Bongolava to Kirindy.................... 7. D. torquata 4a. Largest leaf blade 11–12 cm long; apex of fruit exserted above the calyx; free portion of calyx cupuliform; Behefaka, Irarona (S of Ambilobe)................. 3. D. hongwae 5. Leaves elliptic to obovate, broadest blade less than 3 times longer than wide, glabrous or initially with white farinose indument on the abaxial surface, glabrescent; accrescent portion of fruiting calyx entire; Antsiranana area S to Daraina................................................ 6. D. suarezensis 5a. Leaves narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong to linear, occasionally narrowly obovate, broadest blade at least (3–)4 –8 times longer than wide, with rufous farinose indument on abaxial surface and sometimes adaxial surface, rarely glabrous; accrescent portion of fruiting calyx distinctly lobed................................................... 6 6. Female flowers narrowly ellipsoid, 11–15 mm long, at least 2 times longer than wide; mature fruit 12–16 × 7–10 mm, the lobes the of calyx 6–8 mm long; far N of Madagascar..................................................................... 4. D. ranirisonii 6a. Female flowers ellipsoid to subspherical, 5–10 mm long, only slightly longer than wide; mature fruit 10–13 × 6 mm, the lobes of the calyx 3 mm long; central and southern Madagascar......................................... 2. D. danguyana Clé d’identification des espèces de Diospyros du groupe Bernieriana 1. Marges des feuilles distinctement ondulées................. 2 1a. Marges des feuilles planes ou révolutées, pas distinctement ondulées (légèrement ondulées en matériel frais de D. hongwae)................................................................. 3 2. Apex du fruit complètement entouré par le calice; fruit sphérique; N et NE de Madagascar et des Îles Comores (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mayotte et Mohéli)........................................................................ 1. D. bernieriana 2a. Apex du fruit prolongé au-delà du calice; fruit ellipsoïde; Zombitsy, Tsihombe.................................... 5. D. silicea 3. Limbe foliaire plane ou à marges légèrement revolutées, surface abaxiale visible................................................. 4 3a. Limbe foliaire fortement révoluté, cachant beaucoup de la surface abaxiale sur au moins certaines feuilles........ 5 4. Limbe de la feuille la plus grande mesurant 2–4(–5) cm de long; apex du fruit entouré par le calice; partie libre du calice tubulaire; forêts occidentales, Bongolava à Kirindy................................................................. 7. D. torquata 4a. Limbe de la feuille la plus grande mesurant 11 –12 cm de long; apex du fruit dépassant le calice; partie libre du calice cupuliforme; Behefaka, Irarona (au S d’Ambilobe)................................................................ 3. D. hongwae 5. Feuilles elliptiques à obovales, limbe le plus large moins de 3 fois plus long que large, surface abaxiale glabre ou initialement portant un indument farineux, glabrescent; partie accrescente du calice en fruit entière; région d’Antsiranana jusqu’à Daraina............. 6. D. suarezensis 5a. Feuilles étroitement elliptiques ou étroitement oblongues à linéaires, parfois étroitement obovales, limbe le plus large au moins (3–)4–8 fois plus long que large, surface abaxiale portant un indument roux-farineux, parfois également sur la surface adaxiale, rarement glabre; partie accrescente du calice en fruit nettement lobée............. 6 6. Fleurs femelles étroitement ellipsoïdes, 11 – 15 mm de long, au moins 2 fois plus longues que larges; fruit mature 12– 16 × 7–10 mm, lobes du calice 6– 8 mm de long; extrême N de Madagascar.......... 4. D. ranirisonii 6a. Fleurs femelles ellipsoïdes à subsphériques, 5– 10 mm de long, à peine plus longues que larges; fruit mature 10–13 × 6 mm, lobes du calice 3 mm de long; parties centrale et sud de Madagascar.................. 2. D. danguyana, Published as part of Schatz, George E., Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Phillipson, Peter B., 2020, Taxonomic studies of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the Malagasy region. V. Synoptic revision of the Bernieriana group in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 203-218 in Candollea 75 (2) on pages 204-205, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a5, http://zenodo.org/record/5724867

Lepidocupania mouana (Guillaumin) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis mouana Guillaumin in Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. B, Bot. 15: 109. 1967. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Mt. Mou, 8.II.1950, Baumann-Bodenheim [leg. Baas Becking] 6036 (P [P05256547]!; iso-: L [L0484153]!, Z [Z-000028070] image seen). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania mouana is endemic to Grande Terre, where it is restricted to Mont Mou in the southwest. ADEMA (1991) cited a single specimen, the holotype, collected in 1951, while an additional collection was made in 2009 (Grignon & Munzinger 256). This species grows in continuous tall maquis (“maquis paraforestier”, see MCCOY et al., 1999 for details) dominated by species of Gymnostoma L.A.S. Johnson, on peridotitic substrate. Note. – Lepidocupania mouana was assigned an IUCN risk of extinction status of “Endangered” [EN] by JAFFRÉ et al. (1998)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on pages 277-278, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15.","MCCOY, S. G., T. JAFFRE, F. RIGAULT & J. E. ASH (1999). Fire and succession in the ultramafic maquis of New Caledonia. J. Biogeog. 26: 579 - 594.","JAFFRE, T., P. BOUCHET & J. M. VEILLON (1998). Threatened plants of New Caledonia: is the system of protected areas adequate? Biodivers. Conserv. 7: 109 - 135."]}

Lepidocupania inoplea (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis inoplea Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 589. 1879. Lectotypus (designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Mt. Poum, V.1871, Balansa 3307 (P [P00639140]!; isolecto-: P [P00639141, P00639142]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania inoplaea, as circumscribed by ADEMA (1991), is endemic to the archipelago of New Caledonia, where it occurs in the northwestern part of Grande Terre and two of the Loyalty Islands (Lifou and Maré). It is found in maquis vegetation and gallery forest on serpentinite and schist, from sea level to 700 m. Notes. – Cupaniopsis inoplea was described based on Balansa 3307. Original material at P is mounted on three sheets, two of which [P00639140, P00639141] bear the following note in Radlkofer’s hand: “ Cupaniopsis inoplaea m. Radlk.” Here we designate the most complete and best-preserved of these two sheets [P00639140] as the lectotype. It has come to our attention that the original spelling of the epithet, ‘ inoplea ’, was changed to ‘ inoplaea ’ by GUILLAUMIN (1948) and ADEMA (1991), but the rules of nomenclature do not justify this change, and we therefore retain the original spelling, as proposed by RADLKOFER (1879b). ADEMA (1991) did not indicate that this species grows on calcareous substrate, although two collections cited in his monograph from the Loyalty Islands (Schmid 677 and MacKee (Leg. Suprin) 43447) were gathered without doubt from calcareous sites. Further study will be needed to determine whether these collections belong to Lepidocupania inoplea or another species., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 277, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15.","GUILLAUMIN, A. (1948). Sapindacees. Flore analytique et synoptique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie, phanerogames: 197 - 202. Office de la Recherche Scientifique Coloniale, Paris.","RADLKOFER, L. (1879 b). Ueber Cupania und damit verwandte Pflanzen. Sitzungsber. Math. - Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munchen 9: 457 - 678."]}

Lepidocupania glabra (Adema) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis glabra Adema in Leiden Bot. Ser. 15: 113. 1991. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Basse Tontouta, rive gauche, terrain serpentineux, 50 m, 10.II.1962, MacKee 40234 (L [L0013372]!; iso-: NOU [NOU006523]!, P [P05213382]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania glabra is endemic to the Tontouta River valley (Grande Terre). It is found in maquis and continuous tall maquis (“maquis paraforestier”, see MCCOY et al., 1999 for details) dominated by Gymnostoma chamaecyparis (J. Poiss.) L.A.S. Johnson (Casuarinaceae) on ultramafic substrate, primarily alluvium, between 20 and 400 m (ADEMA, 1991; D'ANGELO, 2017). Notes. – This species has been assigned an IUCN risk of extinction status of “Critically Endangered” [CR] based on its narrow distribution and reduction in population size (IUCN, 2020)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on pages 274-276, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["MCCOY, S. G., T. JAFFRE, F. RIGAULT & J. E. ASH (1999). Fire and succession in the ultramafic maquis of New Caledonia. J. Biogeog. 26: 579 - 594.","ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15.","D'ANGELO, S. (2017). Ecologie et conservation de trois especes rares et menacees de Nouvelle-Caledonie. Memoire de Master. Universite de Lorraine-UMR ECOFOG, Kourou & IAC, Paita.","IUCN (2020). The IUCN Red List of threatened species. [https: // www. iucnredlist. org]"]}

Lepidocupania concolor (Gillespie) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Guioa concolor Gillespie in Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 83: 17. 1931. ≡ Arytera concolor (Gillespie) A.C. Sm. in J. Arnold Arbor. 31: 298. 1950. ≡ Cupaniopsis concolor (Gillespie) R.W. Ham in Blumea 23: 287. 1977. Holotypus: FIJI: Taveuni, vicinity of Waiyevo, 3.III.1928 Gillespie 4794 (BISH [BISH1004953] image seen; iso-: BISH [BISH1004954, BISH1004955] images seen, K [K000701623]!, NY [NY00337873]!, GH [GH00050772] image seen, US [US00095352] image seen). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania concolor is endemic to Fiji, where it is known from the three main islands of Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, and Taveuni (SMITH, 1985)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 274, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["SMITH, A. C. (1985). Flora vitiensis nova 3. Pacific Tropical Garden, Kauai."]}

Lepidocupania samoensis (Christoph.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis samoensis Christoph. in Bernice P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 14: 154. 1938. Holotypus: SAMOA: Savai`i, above Matavanu, 14.VIII.1931, Christophersen & Hume 2045 (BISH [BISH1004933] image seen; iso-: A [A00050711] image seen, BISH [BISH1004931, BISH1004932] images seen, K [K000701626]!, P [P00639282]!, UC [UC1352449] image seen, US [US00094201] image seen). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania samoensis is endemic to the two main islands of Samoa, Savai`i and Upolu, where it grows in primary evergreen forests between 650 to 1350 m (ADEMA, 1991)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 279, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Lepidocupania fruticosa (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ��� Cupaniopsis fruticosa Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 588. 1879. Lectotypus (designated by ADEMA, 1991: 111): NEW CALEDONIA: sine loco, s.d., Pancher 142 (M [M0225246] image seen; iso-: MEL [MEL1539980] image seen, P [P05310069, P05310082, P05310086, P05310089]!). Distribution and ecology. ��� Lepidocupania fruticosa is endemic to the southwestern part of Grande Terre, where it grows in dense humid forest, usually on serpentinite, but sometimes also on schist or laterite, from 5 to 300(���900) m (ADEMA, 1991). Notes. ��� Based on our current knowledge on this species, additional taxonomic studies appear to be needed to clarify its circumscription. This should also include material currently assigned to L. subfalcata and L. tontoutensis (see below for additional details)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 274, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Neoarytera chartacea (Radlk.) Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. (Fig. 3F). ��� Arytera chartacea Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Cl. K��nigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. M��nchen 9: 553. 1879. Lectotypus (first step designated by TURNER, 1995: 167; second step designated here): NOUVELLE-CAL��DONIE. Prov. Sud: Port des Fran��ais pr��s de Noum��a, IX.1868, Balansa 147 (P [P00639108]!; isolecto-: K [K000701499 K000701500]!, M [M0225350, M0225351] images seen, NY [NY00038711] image seen, P [P00639109, P00639110]!). Distribution and ecology. ��� Neoarytera chartacea is endemic to the west coast of Grande Terre, where it grows in sclerophyll forest or various types of substrate, in particular limestone and serpentine (TURNER, 1995). Notes. ��� Three syntypes were cited in the protologue of Arytera chartacea: Balansa 147, 1442 and Pancher 610. TURNER (1995: 167) designated Balansa 147 as the lectotype. Original material at P is, however, mounted on three sheets, necessitating a second step lectotypification. Here we designate the most complete and best-preserved sheet [P 00639108] as the lectotype., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on pages 280-281, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["TURNER, H. (1995). Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov. (Sapindaceae) with notes on methodology and a full taxonomic revision. Blumea, Suppl. 9."]}

2. Diospyros danguyana H. Perrier in Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 4: 117. 1952. Lectotypus (designated by SCHATZ & LOWRY, 2011: 274): MADAGASCAR. Reg. Anosy [Prov. Toliara]: bassin supérieur du Mandrare (SE): mont Amboahangy, près d’Esira, [24°15'S 46°39'E], 1000–1150 m, 25.IX.1928, buds & ♀ fl., Humbert 6826 (P [P00573529]!; isolecto-: BR!, G [G00191501]!, K!, MO-6128543!, MO-6128571!, NY!, P [P00573530]!, PRE!, TAN!, TEF!). = Maba enervis H. Perrier in Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 4: 997. 1952.  Diospyros enervis (H. Perrier) G.E. Schatz & Lowry in Adansonia ser. 3, 33: 274. 2011. Holotypus: MADAGASCAR. Reg. Menabe [Prov. Toliara]: Ankilizato (bassin de Morondava), [20°25'S 45°03'E], VII.1917, buds, Perrier de la Bâthie 3010 (P [P00573700]!; iso-: P [P00541720]!), syn. nov. Vernacular name. – “Hazonamalo” (Andriamihajarivo 489). Distribution and ecology. – Diospyros danguyana is known from subarid thicket and forest on sand, sandstone, and lateritic substrates from Ambatofinandrahana in the east and Ankilizato in the west, south to Tolagnaro and north of Cap Sainte Marie (MADAGASCAR CATALOGUE, 2020), at an elevation of 20–1800 m. Conservation status. – Diospyros danguyana has a geographic range in the form of an EOO of 125,261 km ² and a minimum AOO of 128 km ². It is present in the Analavelona, Andohahela, Isalo, and Makay protected areas. Outside of protected areas, it is threatened by fire and grazing. With respect to the principal threat of grazing, it exists at 29 locations. Therefore, D. danguyana can be assessed for its risk of extinction as “Least Concern” [LC]. Notes. – Maba enervis H. Perrier. ( Diospyros enervis (H. Perrier) G.E. Schatz & Lowry) is here placed into synonymy under D. danguyana. Described from the northwestern portion of the overall range of D. danguyana, and thus from the transition from subarid to dry bioclimates, M. enervis exhibits leaves that are somewhat less strongly revolute upon drying, but are otherwise identical to D. danguyana in shape and size, with identical fruit completely enclosed within the cylindrical-tubular accrescent calyx. Diospyros danguyana can be distinguished from other members of the Bernieriana group by its linear leaves 4–8 times longer than wide, its elliptic to subspherical female flowers only slightly longer than wide, and its distinctly lobed accrescent calyx enclosing the fruit, the lobes 3 mm long. Additional material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Reg. Amoron’i Mania [Prov. Fianarantsoa]: Ambatofinandrahana, PK 2 rte de Fenoarivo, rocailles de cipolins, [20°34'48"S 45°48'38"E], IX.1956, buds, Bosser 9799 (MO, P [3 sheets], TAN); ibid. loco, 1600–1800 m, [20°35'S 45°48'E], 21.II.1938, fr., Decary 13136 (P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco, à quelques km au S, rte de Fenoarivo, [20°35'S 45°48'E], 3.XII.1964, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 23885 (MO, P [2 sheets], TEF). Reg. Androy [Prov. Toliara]: Ampilira (limite NE de l’Androy), [24°28'00"S 45°30'00"E], [450 m], 23.XI.1931, buds, Decary 9370 (MO, P [2 sheets]); env. d’Ampandrandava (entre Bekily et Tsivory), [24°05'S 45°42'E], 1945, buds, Seyrig 779 (P); ibid. loco, 1945, buds, Seyrig 779B (P); Maroakoho, colline gneissique, rive droite de la Menarandra, près de Tranoroa, [24°42'S 45°04'E], 14.XI.1967, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 27966 (MO, NY, P [2 sheets], TEF, WAG); Marovato, E sur la rte de Tsihombe au Cap Sainte-Marie, [25°35'S 45°09'E], 17.XII.1968, ♀ fl., Service Forestier 28532 (P [2 sheets]); rte from de Cap Sainte Marie to Tsihombe, c. 20 km from Cap Sainte Marie, 25°28'04"S 45°21'01"E, 28 m, 4.IV.2010, fr., De Block et al. 2434 (BR, MO, P); village d’Ankorakosy, au SSE de Tsihombe, [25°18'00"S 45°29'00"E], [20–50 m], 17.XII.1968, buds, Service Forestier 28523 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TEF). Reg. Anosy [Prov. Toliara]: Analapatsy, fokontany Ambaribe, 25°10'23"S 46°39'19"E, 253 m, 17.II.2019, ster., Bernard et al. 2670 (DBEV, MO, P, TAN); Andohahela PN, Ambatoabo, Imonty-Evasia, en bas d’Apiky, 24°47'11"S 46°43'26"E, 680 m, 17.XII.2004, fr., Andriamihajarivo 489 (MO, P, TAN, TEF); ibid. loco, Parcel 2, [24°53'S 46°35'E], [120–1000 m], 20.X.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1338 (MO, P); ibid. loco, Parcel 3, 25°01'06"S 46°38'13"E, 200–600 m, 17.XI.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1418 (MO, P); ibid. loco, 25°01'12"S 45°38'18"E, 100–300 m, 8.IV.1993, fr., Randriamampionona 279 (MO, P); ibid. loco, au bord de la RN 13, 25°01'S 46°38'E, 100 m, 29.IV.1995, fr., Eboroke 1011 (MO, P); Mont Apiky au-dessus de Mahamavo, bassin de la Mananara, [24°47'S 46°44'E], 1.I.1934, fr., Humbert 13853 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TAN); Mont Morahariva (Mahamena), vallée de la Manambolo, rive droite (bassin du Mandrare) aux env. d’Isomono (confluent de la Sakamalio), [24°32'06"S 45°37'48"E], 1000–1400 m 1.XII.1933, ster., Humbert 13217ter (P); Mont Vohipolaka, au N de Betroka, [23°08'S 45°05'E], XI.1933, ster., Humbert 11667ter (P); Mont Vohitrosy, vallée moyenne du Mandrare, près d’Anadabolava, [24°15'S 46°43'E], [800–850 m], XII.1933, fr., Humbert 12731 (MO, P [2 sheets]); PK 40 on RN 13 from Fort Dauphin to Ambovombe, 25°00'14"S 46°36'04"E, 28.III.2010, fr., De Block et al. 2378 (MO); rte Ambovombe-Ft. Dauphin, env. de Bevilany, [25°00'30"S 46°36'00"E], 100 m, 23.IX.1953, buds, Service Forestier 8494 (P, TEF); ibid. loco, S of Bevilany village, 25°01'S 46°36'E, 100 m, 27.III.1991, fr., Randrianasolo 203 (MO, TAN); ibid. loco, c. 60 road-km W of Tolagnaro, 24°59'S 45°33'E, 70 m, 24.V.1991, fr., Zarucchi et al. 7484 (MO, P); Vinanibe, [25°03'33"S 46°56'28"E], [100 m], 17.X.1990, ♀ fl., Dumetz 1320 (MO, P). Reg. Atsimo-Andrefana [Prov. Toliara]: Beroroha, 4 km avant Antsoa, sur crête, 21°15'33"S 45°09'52"E, 492 m, 4.XII.2010, buds, Andriantiana et al. 1024 (MO, P, TAN); ibid. loco, forêt d’Anosilamy, 21°20'30"S 45°10'53"E, 448 m, 13.I.2010, fr., Razakamalala et al. 5164 (MO, P, TAN); Makay Massif, plateau to the W of Lake Anosilahy, 21°20'17"S 45°10'42"E, 607 m, 27.XI.2010, ♀ fl., Phillipson et al. 6256 (G, K, MO, P, TAN); massif d’Analavelona, bassin de la Mananadabo, [22°37'18"S 44°10'41"E], 1000–1300 m, 13.XII.1962, ster., Service Forestier 22196 bis (P). Reg. Ihorombe [Prov. Fianarantsoa]: entre Tametsoa et Sahanafo, au N de l’Isalo, [22°18'S 45°22'E], [700–1100 m], 30.I.1955, fr., Cours 5048 (P [2 sheets]); Kitranga, entre Ambararata et Ivandrika, 20 km au NE d’Ihosy, [22°17'S 46°18'E], 22.II.1970, fr., Service Forestier 29061 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TAN); massif de Lalandrano (versant oriental), au N d’Ihosy, [22°21'00"S 45°07'30"E], 9.X.1964, ster., Service Forestier 23517 (K, MO, P [2 sheets], TEF); ibid. loco, [22°21'00"S 45°07'30"E], 800–1000 m, 9.X.1964, ♀ fl., SF 23521 (BR, G, MO, NY, P, TAN, TEF, WAG); massif de l’Isalo (col des Tapia), [22°33'S 45°20'E], 19.VI.1956, fr., Service Forestier 18582 (P); ibid. loco, 28.XI.1946, Humbert 19504 (MO); ibid. loco, [22°11'00"S 45°10'00"E –22°43'00"S 45°21'00"E], 514–1268 m, 24.I.1955, ster., Service Forestier 11649 (P [2 sheets]); ibid. loco (secteur N), montagne au S du Village de Sahanafa, vallée de la Sahanafy (affluent de la Malio), [22°20'S 45°18'E], 600–1000 m, 28.XI.1946, ♂ fl., Humbert 19501 (K, MO, P [3 sheets], TAN); Mont Vohipolaka (versant NW), au N de Betroka, [23°08'S 46°05'E], XI.1933, ♂ fl., Humbert 11635 (B, G, K, P [3 sheets], S); Vallée d’Ihosy, [22°23'58"S 45°08'10"E], VII.1911, fr., Perrier de la Bâthie 3008 (P). Reg. Menabe [Prov. Toliara]: Ankilizato (bassin de Morondava), [20°25'S 45°03'E], VII.1911, fr., Perrier de la Bâthie 3010 (P)., Published as part of Schatz, George E., Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Phillipson, Peter B., 2020, Taxonomic studies of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the Malagasy region. V. Synoptic revision of the Bernieriana group in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 203-218 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a5, http://zenodo.org/record/5724867, {"references":["MADAGASCAR CATALOGUE (2020). Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis & Antananarivo. [http: // www. tropicos. org / project / mada]"]}

Lepidocupania arcuata (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Arytera arcuata Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 554. 1879. Lectotypus (designated by TURNER, 1995: 158): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Nouméa, X.1868, Balansa 150 (M [M0225363]!; isolecto-: FI [FI010518]!, NY [NY00038712, NY00038713]!, P [P00205443, P00205444]!). Distribution and ecology. – According to TURNER’s (1995) concept, Lepidocupania arcuata is endemic to the New Caledonian archipelago, where it occurs from sea level to 200 m, predominantly on calcareous soils (Loyalty Islands, Ile des Pins), but also on sand, clay and schist. It is found in mesophyll and sclerophyll forest and scrub. Notes. – Additional taxonomic analyses are required, especially with regard to material from the Loyalty Islands, which exhibits very peculiar indument compared to that from the main island of New Caledonia [Grande Terre]. Moreover, TURNER (1995) tentatively identified a specimen from Tonga (Parks 16317: L 0468503) as L. arcuata, which, if confirmed, would significantly expand the geographic range of this species.

Lepidocupania lepidota (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. (Fig. 3C). ��� Arytera lepidota Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 555. 1879. Lectotypus (first step designated by TURNER, 1995: 182; second step designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Mont Dore, s.d., Pancher [Mus. N��ocal.] 222 (P [P00639113]!; isolecto-: C [C10018554] image seen, K [K000701492]!, MEL [MEL1586135] image seen; NY [NY00038710] image seen, P [P05310135]!). Distribution and ecology. ��� Lepidocupania lepidota is endemic to Grande Terre, where it is restricted to dense humid forest on ultramafic substrates, from 10 to 915 m. Most collections are from the main ultramafic massif of the south, although it is also recorded from a few isolated localities in the north, including Mont Do and Cap Bocage (TURNER, 1995), and more recently from Kantalupaik (MUNZINGER et al., 2018). Notes. ��� Seven syntype collections were cited in the protologue of Arytera lepidota: Balansa 1445, 2841, Baudouin 134 A, Pancher [Mus. N��ocal.] 222, Vieillard 205, and 206. TURNER (1995: 182) designated Pancher [Mus. Neocal.] 222 as the lectotype. The original material deposited at P is, however, mounted on two sheets, necessitating the second step lectotypification designated here, for which we have selected the most complete and best-preserved sheet [P00639113]., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 277, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["TURNER, H. (1995). Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov. (Sapindaceae) with notes on methodology and a full taxonomic revision. Blumea, Suppl. 9."]}

Lepidocupania glomeriflora (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. (Fig. 3A). ��� Cupaniopsis glomeriflora Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.- Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 589. 1879. Lectotypus (first step designated by ADEMA, 1991: 116; second step designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: Bourail, dans les bois, III.1869, Balansa 1447 (P [P00639131]!; isolecto-: P [P00639133, P00639134]!). Distribution and ecology. ��� Lepidocupania glomeriflora is endemic to New Caledonia, where it occurs on Grande Terre, the Ile des Pins, and the three larger Loyalty Islands (ADEMA, 1991; BUTAUD, 2014). It is found in maquis vegetation, dry to mesic forests, or forest remnants, along the coast, on hills or mountainsides, often along rivers, and occurs on calcareous substrates, serpentinite and schist, but appears not to favor peridotitic substrates and is completely absent from Grande Terre���s large southern ultramafic massif. Lepidocupania glomeriflora has been recorded from 10 to 500 m. Notes. ��� Nine syntype collections were cited in the protologue of Cupaniopsis glomeriflora: Balansa 153 p. p., 1447, Baudouin 354 p.p., ��� Culta in hort. Paris ���, Deplanche 83, Labillardi��re 169, Pancher 782, Vieillard 228, and 233. ADEMA (1991: 116) designated Balansa 1447 as the lectotype. Original material at P is, however, mounted on three sheets, necessitating the second step lectotypification designated here, for which we have selected the most complete and best-preserved sheet [P00639131]., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 276, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15.","BUTAUD, J. - F. (2014). Flore des iles Loyaute (Nouvelle-Caledonie): plantes patrimoniales, plantes envahissantes et espaces naturels remarquables. Rapport Conservation International, Noumea & Province des Iles Loyaute, Lifou."]}

Lepidocupania subfalcata (Adema) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ��� Cupaniopsis subfalcata Adema in Leiden Bot. Ser. 15: 172. 1991. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: summit plateau Mt. Koniambo, 800���900 m, 31.III.1956, MacKee 4297 (L [L0013389]!; iso-: A [A00050713] image seen, K [K000701621]!, P [P05310065]!). Distribution and ecology. ��� When ADEMA (1991) published his monograph of Cupaniopsis, this species was thought to be endemic to Grande Terre and was known only from the type collection from Mt. Koniambo, between 800��� 900 m. However, one year later, Adema identified a second specimen to this species (Jaffr�� 2944) in L [L.2296660] from the M�� Ad��o road, about 100 km southeast of Koniambo. Notes. ��� The holotype of this species was initially identified by Guillaumin as C. sebertii Guillaumin, a name considered a synonym of C. fruticosa (��� Lepidocupania fruticosa) by ADEMA (1991). Our examination of the available herbarium material suggests that further taxonomic analysis is needed to clarify species delimitations within this group, which probably represents a species complex., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 279, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Lepidocupania pennelii (Guillaumin) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis pennelii Guillaumin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 79: 338. 1932. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: env. de Bourail, 8.II.1950, Pennel 403 (P [P00639152]!; isolecto-: P [P00639153, P00639154]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania pennelii is endemic to Grande Terre, where it is restricted to the westcentral coastal area between Bourail and Moindou, and one site along the east coast at the same latitude, around Saint Pol. It grows in forests on limestone, from 20 to 100 m in elevation (ADEMA, 1991). Notes. – Cupaniopsis pennelii was described based on Pennel 403. Material of the collection at P is mounted on three sheets, but only one of them [P00639152] bears the name of Guillaumin’s new species in his own hand, and we therefore regard it as the holotype. Lepidocupania pennelii is morphologically similar to L. globosa and L. rosea (the latter known only from the type specimen), whose ecological preferences and distributions are nearly the same. They likely form a species complex and will require further taxonomic work., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 278, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Neoarytera Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry, gen. nov. (Fig. 3D���F). Type: Neoarytera chartacea (Radlk.) Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry (��� Arytera chartacea Radlk.). = Arytera subsect. Pacifica H. Turner in Blumea, Suppl. 9: 151. 1995. Type: Arytera collina Pancher & Sebert (��� Neoarytera collina (Pancher & Sebert) Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry). Trees. Indument comprising short, straight, appressed trichomes; glandular scales absent; buds not ���varnished���. Leaves alternate, 1���4-jugate; leaflets opposite to subopposite, subsessile to petiolulate, margin entire. Inflorescences axillary or pseudo-terminal. Flowers actinomorphic, functionally unisexual; calyx 5-dentate, teeth equal; petals 5, with a distinct claw, scales minute, petal margin with minute enations; disc more or less distinctly five-lobed, rim subpilose; stamens (6���)8(��� 10), anthers basifixed; ovary (2 ���)3-locular. Fruit a capsule, with 1 or 2 well developed lobes, dehiscence loculicidal, central axis distinctly thickened, glabrous to puberulous and rugose to verrucose outside, pilose inside, calyx persistent; seed ellipsoid, sarcotesta covering all or sometimes only half of the seed (N. neoebudensis), fleshy-membranaceous, comprising a single layer. Radicle bearing trichomes, at least basally. Distribution. ��� Neoarytera comprises four species, three endemic to New Caledonia and one occurring on both New Caledonia and Vanuatu (Fig. 4). Notes. ��� Neoarytera is characterized by the distinctly thickened central axis of its fruit (vs. not thickened in Arytera and Cupaniopsis), petal scales comprising minute enations (vs. scales adnate to the margins of the petals or free from the petals in the other two genera), and its 3-, rarely 2-locular ovary and fruit (vs. ovary and fruit 2- or 3-locular in the two other genera). Arytera, as re-circumscribed here, can easily be distinguished by its 2-layered sarcotesta (vs. single-layer in Cupaniopsis and Neoarytera) (TURNER, 1995: 72). Finally, Cupaniopsis differs from Arytera and Neoarytera by having free or nearly free calyx lobes, which are usually 2-seriate, orbicular, elliptic or obovate, and concave (vs. calyx shortly cupular, the lobes toothed or divided, and usually ovate in the other two genera) (REYNOLDS, 1985a)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, J��r��me, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 280, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["TURNER, H. (1995). Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov. (Sapindaceae) with notes on methodology and a full taxonomic revision. Blumea, Suppl. 9.","REYNOLDS, S. T. (1985 a). Notes on Sapindaceae IV. Austrobaileya 2: 153 - 189."]}

Lepidocupania brackenridgei (A. Gray) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. (Fig. 3B). ≡ Cupania brackenridgei A. Gray in Wilkes, U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 255. 1854. ≡ Arytera brackenridgei (A. Gray) Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 555. 1879. Holotypus: FIJI: Ovalau, 1838 – 1842, Wilkes s.n. (US [US 00095325] image seen; iso-: P [P00646032]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania brackenridgei is widespread in the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna (Horn Islands), Tonga and Samoa, where it occurs from sea level to 1050 m (ADEMA, 1991). This common species occurs in primary and secondary rainforest, but is also found in savannah; it grows on limestone and lava fields., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 274, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Neoarytera nekorensis (H. Turner) Callm., Buerki, Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Arytera nekorensis H. Turner in Blumea, Suppl. 9: 199. 1995. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: Poya, forêt de Nekoro, 16.VIII.1984, MacKee 42137 (L [L0013337]!; iso-: P [P00078650, P00078651]!). Distribution and ecology. – Neoarytera nekorensis is endemic to the Nekoro forest in the centre-west region of Grande Terre, where it grows in sclerophyll forest on black clay soil (TURNER, 1995). Notes. – This species has been assigned an IUCN risk of extinction status of “Vulnerable” (IUCN, 2020)., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 281, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["TURNER, H. (1995). Cladistic and biogeographic analyses of Arytera Blume and Mischarytera gen. nov. (Sapindaceae) with notes on methodology and a full taxonomic revision. Blumea, Suppl. 9.","IUCN (2020). The IUCN Red List of threatened species. [https: // www. iucnredlist. org]"]}

Lepidocupania oedipoda (Radlk.) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis oedipoda Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 590. 1879. Lectotypus (first step designated by ADEMA, 1991: 146; second step designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Sud: escarpements du Cougui [Koghi], 400 m, s.d., Pancher s.n. (P [P00639149]!; isolecto-: M [M0225258] image seen; P [P00639148, P00639150, P00639151]!). = Cupaniopsis ganophloea Radlk. in Sitzungsber. Math.- Phys. CI. Konigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Munich 9: 590. 1879. Lectotypus (designated here): NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: “ Balade ”, 1855 – 1860, Veillard 230 (P [P00639147]!; probable isolecto-: P [P05309776]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania oedipoda is restricted to Grande Terre, extending to the northwest in the Belep archipelago (Art Island); it grows in maquis vegetation, humid forests, gallery forests, and forest remnants, often along streams, usually on hills or mountainsides, on serpentine, greywacke and schist, from sea level to 850 m (ADEMA, 1991). Notes. – Five syntypes were cited in the protologue of Cupaniopsis oedipoda: Balansa 153 p. p., 1441 and 2257, Baudouin 354 p.p. and Pancher s.n. ADEMA (1991: 146) designated Pancher s.n. as the lectotype. Original material of this collection at P is, however, mounted on four sheets, necessitating a second step lectotypification. Here we designate the fruiting material with a note in Radlkofer’s hand: “ Cupaniopsis oedipoda m. Radlk.” as the lectotype. Cupaniopsis ganophloea was described based on four syntypes: Labillardière s.n., Pancher 777, Vieillard 227, 230 and 231. The most complete and best-preserved material bearing, in Radlkofer’s hand, “ Cupaniopsis ganophloea m. Radlk.” is [P05309776]. This collection has no label data and could represent material of either Veillard 230 or 231. Veillard 230 in P [P00639147] only has a few fruits with the note “ Cupaniopsis ganophloea m. Radlk.” in Radlkofer’s hand. We prefer to designate the later sheet as lectotype and consider [P05309776] as a probable isolectotype., Published as part of Buerki, Sven, Munzinger, Jérôme, Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Callmander, Martin W., 2020, Two new genera of Sapindaceae (Cupanieae) from the southern Pacific: Lepidocupania and Neoarytera, pp. 269-284 in Candollea 75 (2) on page 278, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a9, http://zenodo.org/record/5724901, {"references":["ADEMA, F. (1991). Cupaniopsis Radlk. (Sapindaceae): a monograph. Leiden Bot. Ser. 15."]}

Lepidocupania rosea (Adema) Buerki, Callm., Munzinger & Lowry, comb. nov. ≡ Cupaniopsis rosea Adema in Leiden Bot. Ser. 15: 159. 1991. Holotypus: NEW CALEDONIA. Prov. Nord: 5 km E of Col de Crève-Coeur on road between Canala and Thio, c. 350 m, 27.IX.1979, McPherson 1905 (L [L0013386]!; iso-: MO [MO 260721]!, NOU [NOU 006557]!, P [P05213006]!). Distribution and ecology. – Lepidocupania rosea is only known from the type specimen, collected on Grande Terre, near Nakety, in a forest around 350 m. Notes. – See note under Lepidocupania pennelii.

3. Diospyros hongwae G.E. Schatz, Lowry & Phillipson, sp. nov. (Fig. 1B–D, 2). Holotypus: MADAGASCAR. Reg. DIANA [Prov. Antsiranana]: env. d’Iraro (vallée de l’Ifasy), [13°24'S 48°55'E], 50 m, IV.1951 [31.III.1951], ♀ fl., fr., Service Forestier 3075 (P [P03975005]!; iso-: MO-6956006!, G [G00341733]!, P [P00722702]!, TEF!, W!). Diospyros hongwae G.E. Schatz, Lowry & Phillipson can be distinguished from other members of the Bernieriana group by its large lamina (to 12 × 4.9 cm) with a flat margin and subspherical fruit slightly exserted above the cupuliform calyx, i.e., the apex of the fruit visible. Shrub to tree 4– 15 m tall. Young stems initially sparsely to moderately densely covered with appressed, very short (Leaves 4–12 × 1.4–4.9 cm, elliptic, glabrous above and below, glossy above, base acute to cuneate, margin flat (weakly undulate in fresh material), apex acuminate, the acumen to 11 mm, rounded, midrib slightly impressed above, raise below, venation weakly brochidodromous with 8–10 secondary veins per side, flat to slightly raised above and below, faintly visible, tertiary venation indistinct; petiole 7–11 mm, 1 mm diam., canaliculate, initially sparsely to moderately densely covered with appressed, very short (Male flowers not seen. Female flowers solitary in the axils of leaves and fallen leaves; pedicel 2–3 mm long, 2–3 mm diam., bearing several bracts (based upon bract scars), densely covered with very short, erect, light golden to gray trichomes; flowers ellipsoid at anthesis, calyx fully fused, adnate to the receptacle, the apex entire, 7–8 mm long, 6 mm in diam., glabrous outside, densely covered with very short, erect light golden to gray trichomes inside; calyx rapidly expanding post anthesis, extending an additional 4 mm, cupuliform; corolla tubular, 15 mm long, 4 mm in diam., lobes 4, ovate, 5 × 4 mm, apex acute, adaxially concave, densely covered with very short, appressed trichomes outside, glabrous inside; staminodia c. 18, inserted at base of corolla tube, filaments 3 mm, the distal 1 mm free, antherodes 1.5 mm, ovary subspherical, crowned by conical style, the stigma 4-lobed, lobes 1.5 mm long. Pedicel in fruit expanding to 4– 5 mm in diam., with a distinct apical rim to 6 mm in diam., the apex convex. Receptacle in fruit to 3 mm thick at base. Fruit subspherical, the apex slightly exserted above the prolonged cupuliform calyx, i.e., visible, c. 10–12 mm in diam., densely covered with short (c. 0.5 mm), appressed, light golden trichomes, crowned by the style/stigma remnant, cone-shaped, 2– 4 mm tall, 2 mm in diam. at base, densely covered with shorter (c. 0.2 mm) semi-appressed darker golden trichomes. Etymology. – The species epithet honors our colleague and good friend Cynthia Hong-Wa, who brought order to the large and complex genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae). Vernacular name. – “Ambavy” (Hong-Wa 317). Distribution and ecology. – Diospyros hongwae is known from only three gatherings in dry forest on sandstone and alluvial soils along rivers south of Ambanja (MADAGASCAR CATALOGUE, 2020), at an elevation of 50– 236 m. Conservation status. – Diospyros hongwae has a restricted geographic range in the form of an EOO and AOO of 0.263 km ². It is not known from within any protected area, and is threatened by forest clearing for agriculture, grazing, fire, and exploitation for firewood and construction material, all of which are projected to result in continuing decline. With respect to the principal threat of forest clearing for agriculture, it exists at two locations. Therefore, D. hongwae can be assessed for its risk of extinction as “Endangered” [EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv, v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)]. Notes. – The collections Humbert & Capuron 25932 and Service Forestier 3075 represent a single gathering divided between two separate collection series. Diospyros hongwae can be distinguished from other members of the Bernieriana group by its large leaves with flat margins (weakly undulate in fresh material) and its subspherical fruit, the apex of which is slightly exserted above the prolonged cupuliform calyx and thus visible. Paratypi. – MADAGASCAR. Reg. DIANA [Prov. Antsiranana]: Ambakirano, Behefaka, Anjahana, 13°20'55"S 49°10'45"E, 236 m, 7.VI.2005, fr., Hong-Wa 317 (MO, P); ibid. loco, 13.XII.2018, fr., Randrianaivo et al. 3298 (MO, P, TAN); vallée de l’Ifasy, en aval d’Anaborano, grès et alluvions, [13°24'S 48°55'E], 50–200 m, 31.III.1951, ♀ fl., fr., Humbert & Capuron 25932 (G, MO, P [2 sheets])., Published as part of Schatz, George E., Lowry Ii, Porter P. & Phillipson, Peter B., 2020, Taxonomic studies of Diospyros (Ebenaceae) from the Malagasy region. V. Synoptic revision of the Bernieriana group in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, pp. 203-218 in Candollea 75 (2) on pages 208-210, DOI: 10.15553/c2020v752a5, http://zenodo.org/record/5724867, {"references":["MADAGASCAR CATALOGUE (2020). Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis & Antananarivo. [http: // www. tropicos. org / project / mada]"]}