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The current retrospective controlled trial aimed to compare the dentoskeletal effects of the Bite-Jumping (BJ) and the Twin- Block Appliance (TB) in the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion. The sample was screened for eligibility criteria including skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion; Cervical Vertebral Maturation at Stage 3 at treatment start, and Functional orthopedic treatment with either a TB or BJ appliances. Twenty-three patients treated with TB, and twenty-three treated with BJ were included. Cephalometric data were compared with a control group of 15 untreated subjects retrieved from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. A significant increase for the AO-BO dimension, and a significant decrease in the overjet, were registered for both study groups respect to controls. TB was more effective than BJ in increasing the mandibular length (Co-Gn), in reducing the ANB angle and changing the SNB angle. The resulting differences between the two groups could be attributed to the different appliances. In conclusion, both appliances demonstrated a clinical efficacy in treating Class II. TB seems therefore better indicated, respect to BJ, in Class II cases with a predominant component of mandibular hypoplasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of infraocclusion of deciduous molars and the pattern of associations with other dental anomalies. Methods. Digital panoramic radiographs of 5005 subjects were initially randomly selected from the files of the Department of Orthodontics of the University of Rome "Tor Vergata". According to the exclusion criteria, the final sample was composed of 4706 subjects. Each panoramic radiograph was examined to evaluate the presence of infraocclusion and other common dental anomalies. Prevalence and pattern of associations were studied between the anomalies. Results. The prevalence rate of infraocclusion of deciduous molars was 2.8% with a male/female ratio of 1.5:1. The most frequent infraocclusion was mandibular second deciduous molars (48.4%). Considering the magnitude of infraocclusion, 68.4% of the affected molars were classified as mild infraocclusion, 27.1% as moderate and 4.4% as severe. The prevalence of mandibular infraocclusion was higher than maxillary infraocclusion (189:36). Subjects with infraocclusion of deciduous molars exhibited an association with impacted teeth, supernumerary teeth and with displacement of maxillary canine. Conclusion. The findings of our study support infraocclusion of deciduous molars as a factor of a common genetic condition associated with other dental anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]