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Mulberry is a perennial deciduous woody plant, and its leaves are homologous food of medicine and food, which have been widely used in feed industry in recent years. After fermentation, the content of anti-nutritional factors such as cellulose and tannin in mulberry leaves is reduced, and the content of crude protein, crude fat, amino acids, and minerals is abundant, which has the effect of improving feed conversion rate and animal product quality. The paper mainly introduces the contents of conventional nutrients, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals in mulberry leaves, the commonly used strains for fermentation, and the changes of nutrients, anti-nutritional factors and bioactive substances in mulberry leaves after fermentation. The effects of fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal health of pigs, ruminants, poultry and fish were summarized. The future research direction of mulberry in the field of feed industry was prospected, in order to provide a reference for the efficient utilization of mulberry in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To review the research progress on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of depression based on NLRP3 pathway in the past five years, in order to provide the basis for the clinical application of TCM treatment of depression. NLRP3, TCM and depression were used as key words to search PubMed and China Journal Fulltext Database (CNKI) and other databases for the relevant experimental literatures on antidepressant effects of TCM based on NLRP3 pathway in recent years. Chinese medicine can protect nerve cells by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 and reduce the depression-like behavior in animal model. TCM can inhibit NLRP3 pathway and exert anti-depressive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the geometrical shape on two electrons confined in a two-dimensional parabolic quantum dot and subjected to an external uniform magnetic field have been calculated using a variational-perturbation method based on a direct construction of trial wave functions. The calculations show that both the energy levels and the spin transition of two electrons in elliptical quantum dots are dramatically influenced by the shape of the dots. The ground states with total spin S=0 and S=1 are affected greatly by changing the magnetic field and the geometrical confinement. The quantum behavior of elliptical quantum dots show some relation to that of laterally coupled quantum dots. For a special geometric configuration of the confinement ωy/ωx=2.0, we encounter a characteristic magnetic field at which spin singlet-triplet crossover occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of SalB on high glucose (HG)‐induced excessive autophagy and apoptosis in vitro. Methods: The proliferation and apoptosis of RSC96 cells were determined using the MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression of autophagy and apoptosis‐related proteins. RT‐PCR and flow cytometry were manipulated to examine the level of Bcl‐2. The signals of autophagy markers were detected using immunofluorescence methods. Key findings: We found that HG significantly reduced RSC96 cell's proliferation and induced apoptosis. What's more, HG increased the level of autophagy and apoptosis‐related proteins. However, these effects were reversed by SalB. In addition, we also found that 3‐MA decreased the expression of LC3A/B and Beclin1, while the JNK inhibitor SP600125 reduced the levels of phosphorylated JNK, LC3A/B and Beclin1. Conclusions: High glucose not only induced apoptosis but also caused autophagic cell death by activating the JNK pathway. These effects prevented by SalB in an opposite manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ground states and degree of entanglement of double hydrogenic impurities in a pair of vertically stacked InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots are studied with a proposed diagonalization technique. It is found that at short barrier widths, the entanglement is small due to the coupling between the intra- and interdot orbitals. At large barrier widths, large entanglement occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]