Search

ObjectiveTo analyze the factors affecting the cost of hospitalization for patients and provide insights using the intrauterine lesion surgery group (DRG code NE19) as an example.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, with data from the first page of medical records of patients enrolled under NE19 at a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Beijing from March 15, 2022 to November 30, 2023. Influence factor selection and multifactorial linear regression analysis were conducted with hospitalization cost as the dependent variable, and patient's basic information, treatment information and key concern factors as independent variables. The profit and loss of medical records containing key factors and differences in indicators of hospitalization cost structure were analyzed in the context of clinical practice.ResultsA total of 2213 valid medical records (all female patients) were included, with patients predominantly young and middle-aged women under 45 years of age (72.12%), and with 931 day surgery medical records (42.07%). The diagnosis records included 334(15.09%) multiple uterine leiomyomas, and 246(11.12%) pelvic adhesions. A total of 150(6.78%) medical records involved ovary- and tubal-related surgeries or manipulations, with 160(7.23%) main operations being laparoscopic hysterectomy of diseased uterine lesions and 38(1.72%) mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissue using transhysteroscopy. Linear regression analysis showed that whether or not ovarian and tubal surgical operations were involved (βi=0.30), whether or not the main operation was laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine lesions (βi=0.30), and whether or not transhysteroscopic mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissue was used (βi=0.20) had a greater impact on hospitalization costs. In the analysis of the focal factors, the percentage of patients who experienced a deficit was higher for surgical operations involving the ovaries and fallopian tubes, whether the primary operation was laparoscopic hysterotomy for uterine lesions, multiple uterine leiomyosarcomas, and pelvic adhesions (all P < 0.05), and "whether or not transhysteroscopic mechanical rotational excision of abnormal uterine tissues was used" and "whether it was a day surgery" had a significant effect on several structural indicators of hospitalization costs (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe NE19 group of hospitals in the study had a high loss rate, and factors such as the severity of the patient's condition and the use of new technologies affected hospitalization costs, suggesting that there is room for further optimization of the existing grouping scheme. Tiered payment standards can be set up for different tiers of healthcare institutions, and a sound and optimized exclusion mechanism can be used to promote the development of new technologies. The internal management of hospitals should encourage the development of daytime surgery to improve the efficiency of medical services.

Zhanjiang City is a major aquaculture city in Guangdong Province, known as the “capital of shrimp,” “capital of pomfret,” and “capital of oysters.” Among them, shellfish products play an important role in the production of aquatic products in Zhanjiang City. The paper takes the emerging breeding variety of square spotted Dongfeng snail (Babylonia areolata) in Zhanjiang City as the research object, explores its breeding development status, and provides reference for the subsequent development of Dongfeng snail industry. Through field research and expert interviews, this study investigates the current development status of the Fangban Dongfeng snail breeding industry in Zhanjiang City, and analyzes and evaluates the factors that affect the industry's development during the breeding process. A survey and research have found that the development of the Fangban Dongfeng Snail industry in Zhanjiang City mainly faces the following problems: (1) a lack of high-quality seedlings in the breeding process; (2) Frequent occurrence of diseases during the breeding process; (3) Lack of support from aquatic professional and technical talents; (4) Unreasonable aquaculture planning and increasingly serious aquaculture pollution problems; (5) Insufficient market development efforts. The above issues have become important constraints on the development of the Fangban Dongfeng Snail industry in Zhanjiang City. In response to the practical problems in industrial development, targeted measures are proposed from the perspective of actual production to guide the sustainable, healthy and stable development of the Fangban Dongfeng Snail industry.

[Objective] Pipeline network companies need to forecast the short-term natural gas loads of downstream users to ensure a stable gas supply. However, traditional load forecasting methods have various problems such as poor fitting effect and low forecasting accuracy. A combined short-term natural gas load forecasting model based on the Complementary Ensemble of Empirical Mode Decomposition(CEEMD) and the Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) network is proposed to improve the accuracy of short-term natural gas load forecasting. [Methods] To fully explore the internal hidden feature information of the load series and to avoid the mutual interference between different component features and additional noise, the original load series was decomposed into a finite number of Intrinsic Mode Function(IMF) components through CEEMD. Different IMF components were input into the LSTM model for iterative multi-step forecasting, the hyperparameters of the LSTM model were optimized based on the Bayesian algorithm to improve the learning effect and the forecasting accuracy, and the forecasting results of individual components were superimposed and reconstructed to obtain the final forecasting results. [Results] The comparison of forecasting results obtained by different combined models indicates that the errors in the values forecast by CEEMD-LSTM based on the real values are smaller, proving that the forecasting accuracy is higher. The Bayesian hyperparameter tuning further improves the forecasting accuracy but takes longer forecasting time. [Conclusion] Compared with other forecasting models, the combined CEEMDLSTM forecasting model can effectively extract the time order information of load series, eliminate the influence of nonlinear factors,and reduce reconstruction errors while suppressing modal superposition, thus improving forecasting accuracy. This method can provide a reference for the scheduling management and operation optimization of natural gas pipeline networks.

Substance use disorders (SUD) and drug addiction are major threats to public health, impacting not only the millions of individuals struggling with SUD, but also surrounding families and communities. One of the seminal challenges in treating and studying addiction in human populations is the high prevalence of co-morbid conditions, including an increased risk of contracting a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Of the ~15 million people who inject drugs globally, 17% are persons with HIV. Conversely, HIV is a risk factor for SUD because chronic pain syndromes, often encountered in persons with HIV, can lead to an increased use of opioid pain medications that in turn can increase the risk for opioid addiction. We hypothesize that SUD and HIV exert shared effects on brain cell types, including adaptations related to neuroplasticity, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Basic research is needed to refine our understanding of these affected cell types and adaptations. Studying the effects of SUD in the context of HIV at the single-cell level represents a compelling strategy to understand the reciprocal interactions among both conditions, made feasible by the availability of large, extensively-phenotyped human brain tissue collections that have been amassed by the Neuro-HIV research community. In addition, sophisticated animal models that have been developed for both conditions provide a means to precisely evaluate specific exposures and stages of disease. We propose that single-cell genomics is a uniquely powerful technology to characterize the effects of SUD and HIV in the brain, integrating data from human cohorts and animal models. We have formed the Single-Cell Opioid Responses in the Context of HIV (SCORCH) consortium to carry out this strategy.

IntroductionIn recent years, with the popularity of many social media platforms worldwide, the role of “virtual social network platforms” in the field of cross-cultural communication has become increasingly important. Scholars in psychology and neuroscience, and cross-disciplines, are attracted to research on the motivation, mechanisms, and effects of communication on social media across cultures.Methods and AnalysisThis paper collects the co-citation of keywords in “cultural psychology,” “cross-culture communication,” “neuroscience,” and “social media” from the database of web of science and analyzes the hotspots of the literature in word cloud.ResultsBased on our inclusion criteria, 85 relevant studies were extracted from a database of 842 papers. There were 44 articles on cultural communication on social media, of which 26 were from the perspective of psychology and five from the perspective of neuroscience. There are 27 articles that focus on the integration of psychology and neuroscience, but only a few are related to cross-cultural communication on social media.ConclusionScholars have mainly studied the reasons and implications of cultural communication on social media from the perspectives of cultural psychology and neuroscience separately. Keywords “culture” and “social media” generate more links in the hot map, and a large number of keywords of cultural psychology and neuroscience also gather in the hot map, which reflects the trend of integration in academic research. While cultural characteristics have changed with the development of new media and virtual communities, more research is needed to integrate the disciplines of culture, psychology, and neuroscience.

Abstract Background There is a growing interest in Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha) as a biodiesel feedstock plant. Variations in its morphology and seed productivity have been well documented. However, there is the lack of systematic comparative evaluation of distinct collections under same climate and agronomic practices. With the several reports on low genetic diversity in jatropha collections, there is uncertainty on genetic contribution to jatropha morphology. Result In this study, five populations of jatropha plants collected from China (CN), Indonesia (MD), Suriname (SU), Tanzania (AF) and India (TN) were planted in one farm under the same agronomic practices. Their agronomic traits (branching pattern, height, diameter of canopy, time to first flowering, dormancy, accumulated seed yield and oil content) were observed and tracked for two years. Significant variations were found for all the agronomic traits studied. Genetic diversity and epigenetic diversity were evaluated using florescence Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (fAFLP) and methylation sensitive florescence AFLP (MfAFLP) methods. Very low level of genetic diversity was detected (polymorphic band Conclusion Our study confirmed climate and practice independent differences in agronomic performance among jatropha collections. Such agronomic trait variations, however, were matched by very low genetic diversity and medium level but significant epigenetic diversity. Significant difference in inner cytosine and double cytosine methylation at CCGG sites was also found among populations. Most epigenetic differential markers can be inherited as epialleles following Mendelian segregation. These results suggest possible involvement of epigenetics in jatropha development.

Simple Summary: Adult polyphenism is a prevalent form of adaptive evolution that enables insects to generate discrete phenotypes based on environmental factors. Callosobruchus maculatus, belonging to Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae, is a global storage pest known for causing widespread harm. However, the morphology and molecular mechanisms underlying adult dimorphism in C. maculatus remain elusive. Our results reveal that the enhanced development of the flight muscles and robust energy metabolism in the flight form facilitate their ability to fly, based on their morphological, physiological, and behavioral traits, but those come at the cost of abnormal development of their reproductive organs. The results of this study on C. maculatus also support evidence of a trade-off between dispersion and reproduction. Understanding the morphology and molecular mechanisms underlying adult dimorphism in C. maculatus is crucial for predicting its dispersal and population dynamics. This knowledge can also provide a theoretical basis for biological control strategies. Adult polyphenism is a prevalent form of adaptive evolution that enables insects to generate discrete phenotypes based on environmental factors. However, the morphology and molecular mechanisms underlying adult dimorphism in Callosobruchus maculatus (a global storage pest) remain elusive. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for predicting the dispersal and population dynamics of C. maculatus. This knowledge can also provide a theoretical basis for biological control strategies. In this study, we compared the morphology of the hind wing and chest muscles, the transcriptional profiles, the energy metabolism substances, and the fecundity between the flight form and the normal form. The flight form displays a lighter overall appearance with small black spots, while the normal form lacks most flight muscles. Moreover, there are differences in the energy metabolism pathways between the two forms, including carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. The flight form exhibits higher contents of carbohydrates, lipids, and mitochondrial energetic storage. The normal form exhibits better fertility but has lost its ability to fly. This is the first study to analyze the morphology and molecular characteristics of adult polyphenism in C. maculatus using morphological, physiological, and behavioral approaches, providing a foundational understanding of these aspects. Our study on C. maculatus also provides supporting evidence of a trade-off between dispersion and reproduction, where the flight form is capable of flying while the normal form has more reproductive benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common leading global causes of mortality, encompassing ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become a pivotal therapeutic approach for ACS, underscoring the importance of anticoagulation strategies. Among the commonly employed anticoagulants in PCI, heparin and bivalirudin take precedence, with heparin serving as the archetypal choice. Nevertheless, the determination of an optimal anticoagulation regimen remains a point of contention in contemporary clinical practice. To address the differences in anticoagulants during PCI, we meticulously conducted a literature review through PubMed and Web of Science, employing search terms such as "heparin," "bivalirudin," "percutaneous coronary intervention," and "acute coronary syndrome." For patients with PIC brought on by STEMI, NSTEMI, and stable or UA pectoris, the review focused on randomized controlled trials to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of heparin and bivalirudin as anticoagulant options. This systematic review is aimed at furnishing valuable insights into the ongoing debate surrounding the choice of anticoagulation regimens in PCI. By scrutinizing clinical evidence derived from relevant trials, we seek to inform and guide healthcare practitioners in making informed decisions based on the unique requirements of patients with various ACS presentations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insect legs play a crucial role in various modes of locomotion, including walking, jumping, swimming, and other forms of movement. The flexibility of their leg joints is critical in enabling various modes of locomotion. The frog‐legged leaf beetle Sagra femorata possesses remarkably enlarged hind legs, which are considered to be a critical adaptation that enables the species to withstand external pressures. When confronted with external threats, S. femorata initiates a stress response by rapidly rotating its hind legs backward and upward to a specific angle, thereby potentially intimidating potential assailants. Based on video analysis, we identified 4 distinct phases of the hind leg rotation process in S. femorata, which were determined by the range of rotation angles (0°−168.77°). Utilizing micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) technology, we performed a 3‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction and conducted relative positioning and volumetric analysis of the metacoxa and metatrochanter of S. femorata. Our analysis revealed that the metacoxa–trochanter joint is a "screw‐nut" structure connected by 4 muscles, which regulate the rotation of the legs. Further testing using a 3D‐printed model of the metacoxa–trochanter joint demonstrated its possession of a self‐locking mechanism capable of securing the legs in specific positions to prevent excessive rotation and dislocation. It can be envisioned that this self‐locking mechanism holds potential for application in bio‐inspired robotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In photosynthetic cells, plants convert carbon dioxide to sugars that can be moved between cellular compartments by transporters before being subsequently metabolized to support plant growth and development. Most pathogens cannot synthesize sugars directly but have evolved mechanisms to obtain plant‐derived sugars as C resource for successful infection and colonization. The availability of sugars to pathogens can determine resistance or susceptibility. Here, we summarize current progress on the roles of sugar transporters in plant–pathogen interactions. We highlight how transporters are manipulated antagonistically by both host and pathogens in competing for sugars. We examine the potential application of this target in resistance breeding and discuss opportunities and challenges for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of studies have reported that drug addiction is associated with microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the roles of plasma miRNAs in methamphetamine (METH) addicts have not been clearly explained. This study aimed to profile a panel of miRNAs as non-invasive predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for METH addiction. Differentially expressed miRNAs were derived from next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) and were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic value of specific altered miRNAs was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC). NGS results revealed that 63 miRNAs were significantly altered in the METH-exposed paradigm. The levels of hsa-miR-592, hsa-miR-9-3p, hsa-miR-206 and hsa-let-7b-3p were significantly elevated in the plasma of METH addicts. Hsa-miR-9-3p was a useful biomarker discriminating METH addicts from normal (AUC was 0.756). Importantly, combining detection of hsa-miR-592 and hsa-miR-9-3p achieved the highest AUC of 0.87, with a sensitivity and specificity of 82.7% and 78.9%, respectively. Target gene BDNF decreased significantly in METH addicts. Although METH addicts showed significant depressive symptoms, there was no correlation between the expression level of miR-592 and miR-9-3p and the degree of depression. Our findings suggested that hsa-miR-592, hsa-miR-9-3p, hsa-miR-206, and hsa-let-7b-3p may play a potential role in the pathology of METH addiction, and a combination of hsa-miR-592 and hsa-miR-9-3p could serve as potential peripheral biomarker and therapeutic target for METH addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a global infectious disease, has been on the rise in China's Hebei province. When patients achieve clinical cure, they often do not reach an etiological cure, which may lead to recurrence of the disease. Here, we report a case of visceral leishmaniasis with a negative blood smear and bone marrow cytology. Patients and Methods: A 65-year-old man and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid mNGS. Results: A 65-year-old man developed a chronic fever, anorexia, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. The blood metagenomic second-generation sequencing (mNGS) revealed Leishmania sequence readings, which led to the diagnosis of VL. After sodium antimony gluconate treatment, the blood smear and bone marrow cytology revealed no Leishmania bodies. However, pancytopenia and respiratory failure did not fully subside, and cardiotoxic damage emerged. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mNGS was performed to detect the pathogen. Through BALF mNGS, Leishmania sequence was still detectable. Therefore, after the ECG returned to normal, antimony sodium gluconate was administered as a next course of treatment. Conclusion: BALF mNGS may assist in evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of VL with respiratory failure, especially in patients with negative blood and bone marrow cytology. Plain Language Summary: Accurate detection of visceral leishmaniasis is essential for clinical diagnosis.It is uncommon to use alveolar lavage fluid mNGS in etiological diagnosis.Patient with negative bone marrow cytology may refer to alveolar lavage fluid mNGS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]