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Objective To investigate and compare the efficacy of neuroendoscopic surgery and craniotomy for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A total of 65 patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage who were admitted in Dongguan People's Hospital in Guangdong, received neuroendoscopic hematoma evacuation (n = 19) or craniotomy hematoma evacuation (n = 46) from December 2019 to December 2020. The hematoma clearance rate, rebleeding rate, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, postoperative tracheotomy rate and 30 d postoperative mortality were recorded. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) 7 d after surgery was used to evaluated the conscious, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3 months after surgery was used to assess the neurological functional prognosis. Results The hematoma clearance rate (t = 2.393, P = 0.020) and GCS score 7 d after surgery (t = 3.445, P = 0.001) in the neuroendoscopy group were higher than those in the craniotomy group, while the operation time (t = ⁃ 13.318, P = 0.000), intraoperative blood loss (t = ⁃ 7.823, P = 0.000), postoperative ICU length of stay (t = ⁃ 4.183, P = 0.000), postoperative tracheotomy rate (χ2 = 5.277, P = 0.022), and mRS score 3 months after surgery (t = ⁃ 2.493, P = 0.015) were lower than those in craniotomy group. Conclusions Neuroendoscopic surgery offers a higher hematoma clearance rate, less intraoperative blood loss, a shorter operation time and postoperative ICU length of stay, a lower postoperative tracheotomy rate, and improved postoperative conscious and neurological function prognosis, making it appropriate for clinical use.

Abstract Background This study was performed to investigate the effect of microRNA-203 (miR-203) and ΔNp63 on cell proliferation and the functional connection between miR-203 and ΔNp63 in ESCC. Methods We employed 2 human ESCC cell lines, Eca109 and TE-1, as the model system. The effect of miR-203 and ΔNp63 on cell proliferation was determined in cells transfected with miR-203 mimic and ΔNp63 small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. The regulation of ΔNp63 expression in ESCC cells by miR-203 was studied by luciferase reporter assay, RT-PCR and western blot analysis in cells transfected with miR-203. The effect of ΔNp63 re-expression on miR-203 induced inhibition of cell proliferation was studied by cell proliferation assay in cells cotransfected with miR-203 and pcDNA-ΔNp63 plasmid (without the 3'-UTR of ΔNp63). Results We found that both miR-203 and ΔNp63 siRNA signicantly inhibited cell proliferation in ESCC. MiR-203 could down-regulate endogenous ΔNp63 expression at the posttranscriptional level. Moreover, re-expression of ΔNp63 in cells transfected with miR-203 significantly attenuated the miR-203 induced inhibition of cell proliferation. Conclusions Our data implied that miR-203 could inhibit cell proliferation in human ESCC through ΔNp63-mediated signal pathway. Therefore, we propose that miR-203 might be used as a therapeutic agent for human ESCC.

Abstract Background p75NTR has been used to isolate esophageal and corneal epithelial stem cells. In the present study, we investigated the expression of p75NTR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and explored the biological properties of p75NTR+ cells. Methods p75NTR expression in ESCC was assessed by immunohistochemistry. p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells of 4 ESCC cell lines were separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Differentially expressed genes between p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Sphere formation assay, DDP sensitivity assay, 64copper accumulation assay and tumorigenicity analysis were performed to determine the capacity of self-renewal, chemotherapy resistance and tumorigenicity of p75NTR+ cells. Results In ESCC specimens, p75NTR was found mainly confined to immature cells and absent in cells undergoing terminal differentiation. The percentage of p75NTR+ cells was 1.6%–3.7% in Eca109 and 3 newly established ESCC cell lines. The expression of Bmi-1, which is associated with self-renewal of stem cells, was significantly higher in p75NTR+ cells. p63, a marker identified in keratinocyte stem cells, was confined mainly to p75NTR+ cells. The expression of CTR1, which is associated with cisplatin (DDP)-resistance, was significantly decreased in p75NTR+ cells. Expression levels of differentiation markers, such as involucrin, cytokeratin 13, β1-integrin and β4-integrin, were lower in p75NTR+ cells. In addition, p75NTR+ cells generated both p75NTR+ and p75NTR- cells, and formed nonadherent spherical clusters in serum-free medium supplemented with growth factors. Furthermore, p75NTR+ cells were found to be more resistant to DDP and exhibited lower 64copper accumulation than p75NTR- cells. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that p75NTR+ cells possess some characteristics of CSCs, namely, self-renewal and chemotherapy resistance. Chemotherapy resistance of p75NTR+ cells may probably be attributable to decreased expression of CTR1.