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AIM:To explore the fundus vascular characteristics of healthy individuals based on deep learning techniques, with a view to discovering the range of normal values of the fundus arteries and veins, as well as the relationship between physiological factors, such as gender, age, body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, and fundus vasculature characteristics.METHODS:Fundus images of healthy people were taken from a professional fundus camera, and the subject's blood pressure and laboratory test was collected. Additionally, the fundus arteries and veins were segmented by the improved U-Net model, and the color, morphology and Haralick texture features of the vessels were extracted from computer vision technology.RESULTS:A total of 4 487 cases fundus images were taken and 326 cases with healthy and clear fundus images were screened, including 200 males and 126 females. There were differences in the morphology, color, and textural characteristics of the left and right eyes, as well as of the fundus arterioles and veins, with a mean vessel width(width)of 1.146 in the arteries and 1.430 in the veins, and an arteriovenous ratio about 4:5. Fundus artery and vein characteristics in healthy individuals of different ages(21-30, 31-40, 41-50): compared with the healthy population aged 21-30 and 31-40 years, arterial and venous inverse difference moment(idm), f12 and venous angular second moment(asm)values increased, and arterial and venous contrast(con), entropy(ent), difference entropy(den), and venous sum entropy(sen)values decreased in 41-50 years. Compared with the 21-30 years age group, arterial f12 values increased and venous con values decreased in 31-40 years(all P0.05). Fundus characteristics of healthy people with different degrees of blood pressure: there were statistically significant differences in fundus arteriosus area, width, and venous con, idm, dva, and den values between the normal blood pressure and high blood pressure groups(all P

Objective·To study the effects of folic acid and active folate supplementation on red blood cell folate levels in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677TT genotype.Methods·A total of 45 patients with MTHFR 677TT genotype and URPL in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected. They were divided into three groups according to folic acid supplementation, including 16 cases in Group A (who had not received any form of folic acid supplementation before the study began, but received active folic acid supplementation after the study began),15 cases in Group B (who had received ordinary folic acid supplementation before the study began, and active folic acid supplementation after the study began),and 14 cases in Group C (ordinary folic acid was supplemented before the start of the study, and after the start of the study, ordinary folic acid and active folic acid were supplemented together). The concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in red blood cells was measured and compared at the time of enrollment (first measurement) and after supplementation (second measurement).Results·There was no statistically significant difference in the first measurement of 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells between any two groups of patients in the three groups. Compared with the first measurement of 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells, the second increased (all P=0.000); the increase in 5-MTHF concentrations in red blood cells in Group B was higher than that in Group A (all P=0.000); the increasing 5-MTHF concentration in Group B was higher than that in Group A (t=2.373, P=0.049), but there was no significant difference between Group B and Group C.Conclusion·Compared with folic acid supplementation, active folate supplementation can better improve red blood cell folate levels in patients with MTHFR 677TT genotype and URPL in a short period.

In order to correctly understand the output characteristics of gear-motors with different types of backlash sizes/offset unloading slots, a unified simplified formula for output characteristics such as speed/torque is constructed based on the different meshing line intervals of meshing tooth profiles/output characteristics, using the type value that measures the backlash size and the offset value between the symmetrical line of the double unloading slots and the centerline of the gear pair as variables. The results show that through the interval of the output characteristic meshing-line, the output speed and torque curve can be directly obtained from the speed and torque curve of meshing tooth-profile; under the symmetrical relief-groove type, the average output speed is the smallest, the average torque is the biggest, and the ripple coefficients of the output speed and torque are the smallest; the offset range of the relief-groove and the range of the output speed and torque regulating are larger under small backlash type than large backlash type; with small backlash and symmetrical relief-groove type, the average output speed is smaller, the average output torque is larger, and the ripple coefficient of the output speed and torque is smaller; the torque-ripple coefficient of the gear-motor is completely consistent with the flow-ripple coefficient of the gear-pump; the torque-ripple coefficient is slightly less than the speed-ripple coefficient, and can be approximately equal under the condition of large tooth-number; when high-speed is pursued, the type combination of large backlash and relief groove limit-offset shall be selected; with the pursuit of large torque or high output ripple-quality, the type combination of small backlash and symmetrical relief-groove shall be selected, etc. It is concluded that the obtaining method of output characteristics is simpler, the principle is clearer, the form is more concise, and the results are more reliable.

Objective The southwestern Guizhou region is a concentrated distribution area of Carlin-type gold deposits in China, with superior geological conditions for gold mineralization and enormous potential for mineral exploration. However, the shallow gold resources in the region have been largely exhausted, and the exploration work has entered the stage of "exploration in deep and blind areas". Due to the deep burial depth of the ore body, the mineralization information on the surface of hidden gold mines is inevitably very weak or may not even be displayed, making it challenging to obtain deep mineralization information. How to accurately identify and obtain geochemical information related to deep mineralization has become a key factor restricting exploration breakthroughs. Methods Conventional geochemical prospecting methods are susceptible to the influence of surrounding rocks or cover materials, making it difficult to acquire information related to deep mineralization. The formation and emplacement of Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou are mainly controlled by anticlines and fault structures, and the distribution, differentiation, and mineralization of elemental geochemistry are also influenced by tectonic stress. Based on the theory of tectonic geochemistry, this study conducts an in-depth analysis of the geological conditions for gold mineralization and the migration and enrichment patterns of corresponding element combinations in the southwestern Guizhou region. The sampling principles, sampling media, and data selection of weak information extraction in tectonic geochemistry are restricted to a certain extent. Various high permeability conductive shallow structural rock samples are collected to test their ore-forming indicator elements. This method can identify and extract weak information on the formation of deep-hidden ore bodies on the surface. Results Deep mineralization information is related to the shallow and surface through faults and fractures, and the geochemical anomalies in the shallow structural rocks can somewhat reflect the deep mining-induced anomalies. The sampling object for weak information extraction in tectonic geochemistry is tectonic altered rocks, which highlights information related to mineralization and weakens other interference information, thus enabling the extraction of weak geochemical anomalies formed by deep-hidden mineralization on the surface. In the formation process of hydrothermal deposits, the structure is not only a good channel for the migration of ore-forming fluids but also a favorable space for mineral precipitation and enrichment of ore-forming. The element geochemical anomalies obtained from collecting structural rock samples can indicate the ore-forming properties of the corresponding structure, indirectly indicating the ore-forming center and providing a scientific basis for the preliminary positioning prediction and engineering verification of hidden deposits. The weak information extraction method of structural geochemistry has been proven effective in the exploration of hidden Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou. This method can be extended to more exploration practices of hidden deposits in hydrothermal deposits, showing broad application prospects. Conclusion The weak information extraction technology of structural geochemistry is applicable to the exploration of hydrothermal deposits, which can effectively extract weak mineralization information of deep-hidden deposits, help invert the structural control type, infer the approximate occurrence of hidden deposits, select key exploration target areas, and conduct preliminary positioning and prediction of hidden deposits. Significance The research results on identifying and extracting weak geochemical information have specific academic value for enriching the ore-forming theory of Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou. At the same time, this method can effectively delineate and optimize the exploration target areas for hidden hydrothermal mineral deposits, which has positive practical significance for implementing a new round of breakthrough strategic action tasks in mineral exploration.

Lonicerae Flos is a Chinese medicinal material and medical-food homologous resource. It has a variety of pharmacological and health functions such as anti-oxidation, immune regulation, anti-inflammation and antibacterial. Based on the introduction of research process in the history of application, functional components and pharmacological activity of Lonicerae Flos resources, this review summarizes the current situation of comprehensive utilization of Lonicerae Flos and its by-product, and deeply discusses the comprehensive utilization of high-value of these resources from the perspectives of drugs, food, cosmetics, veterinary medicine feed and agricultural inputs. Finally, the comprehensive utilization of the Lonicerae Flos resources and the sustainable development of the industry were prospected.

In recent years, with China’s economic and social development, higher education has developed rapidly, and college physical education courses have received more and more attention, so the research on the evaluation system of college physical education courses is particularly important. Based on the perspective of Hefei University of Technology, this paper integrates a K-means clustering algorithm to optimize the evaluation system of college sports courses. By analyzing the problems existing in the current evaluation system of physical education courses at Hefei University of Technology, a method of quantitative evaluation of “course quality” by calculating the evaluation value of course attainment and course attainment rate is studied. It also proposes to use the K-means clustering mining algorithm as the mining algorithm for the evaluation of university physical education courses, improve the algorithm, and then apply it to the evaluation analysis of university physical education courses. By analyzing the quality of physical education courses at Hefei University of Technology, the total percentage of failing and poorer students is 8%, which indicates that the quality of physical education courses at Hefei University of Technology is better. The optimized evaluation system of college physical education courses is practiced and taught, and the results show that the optimized evaluation system of college physical education courses has a positive effect relative to the traditional evaluation mode from the analysis of student’s interest and attitude towards course evaluation.

This paper proposes a reform of the teaching methodology based on the exercise prescription course centered on intelligent exercise prescription recommendation and designs a specific implementation plan. A criterion function is used to determine and represent the constant terms of the user-set data using the K-means clustering algorithm. The personal data of users is added on this basis, and the attribute weighting is used to calculate user similarity and construct the user matrix. The core parameters of intelligentized exercise prescription are examined, and the relevant data of the exerciser group is obtained through modeling. The set of similar cases is determined, and the exercise effects in the set of similar cases are fused and calculated, and the effect level of the fused effects in the cases is discriminated. The model developed in this paper is implemented in the college physical education classroom, and the student’s attitudes toward physical exercise and fitness levels are analyzed. The results show that the attitude towards physical exercise behavior of students in group A is significantly better than that of those in group B. The significance test (F = 7.985, Sig = 0.005) is less than 0.05. Taking the 50-meter sprint as an example, the difference in the duration between male students and female students in groups A and B is 0.83s and 0.9s, respectively, which is a large enhancement, which shows that the intelligent exercise prescription has a positive impact on physical education teaching.

ObjectiveWheat serves as the primary source of dietary carbohydrates for the human population, supplying 20% of the required caloric intake. Currently, the primary objective of wheat breeding is to develop wheat varieties that exhibit both high quality and high yield, ensuring an overall increase in wheat production. Additionally, the consideration of phenotype parameters, such as grain length and width, holds significant importance in the introduction, screening, and evaluation of germplasm resources. Notably, a noteworthy positive association has been observed between grain size, grain shape, and grain weight. Simultaneously, within the scope of wheat breeding, the occurrence of inadequate harvest and storage practices can readily result in damage to wheat grains, consequently leading to a direct reduction in both emergence rate and yield. In essence, the integrity of wheat grains directly influences the wheat breeding process. Nevertheless, distinguishing between intact and damaged grains remains challenging due to the minimal disparities in certain characteristics, thereby impeding the accurate identification of damaged wheat grains through manual means. Consequently, this study aims to address this issue by focusing on the detection of wheat kernel integrity and completing the attainment of grain phenotype parameters.MethodsThis study presented an enhanced approach for addressing the challenges of low detection accuracy, unclear segmentation of wheat grain contour, and missing detection. The proposed strategy involves utilizing the Cascade Mask R-CNN model and replacing the backbone network with ResNeXt to mitigate gradient dispersion and minimize the model's parameter count. Furthermore, the inclusion of Mish as an activation function enhanced the efficiency and versatility of the detection model. Additionally, a multilayer convolutional structure was introduced in the detector to thoroughly investigate the latent features of wheat grains. The Soft-NMS algorithm was employed to identify the candidate frame and achieve accurate segmentation of the wheat kernel adhesion region. Additionally, the ImCascade R-CNN model was developed. Simultaneously, to address the issue of low accuracy in obtaining grain contour parameters due to disordered grain arrangement, a grain contour-based algorithm for parameter acquisition was devised. Wheat grain could be approximated as an oval shape, and the grain edge contour could be obtained according to the mask, the distance between the farthest points could be iteratively obtained as the grain length, and the grain width could be obtained according to the area. Ultimately, a method for wheat kernel phenotype identification was put forth. The ImCascade R-CNN model was utilized to analyze wheat kernel images, extracting essential features and determining the integrity of the kernels through classification and boundary box regression branches. The mask generation branch was employed to generate a mask map for individual wheat grains, enabling segmentation of the grain contours. Subsequently, the number of grains in the image was determined, and the length and width parameters of the entire wheat grain were computed.Results and DiscussionsIn the experiment on wheat kernel phenotype recognition, a comparison and improvement were conducted on the identification results of the Cascade Mask R-CNN model and the ImCascade R-CNN model across various modules. Additionally, the efficacy of the model modification scheme was verified. The comparison of results between the Cascade Mask R-CNN model and the ImCascade R-CNN model served to validate the proposed model's ability to significantly decrease the missed detection rate. The effectiveness and advantages of the ImCascade R-CNN model were verified by comparing its loss value, P-R value, and mAP_50 value with those of the Cascade Mask R-CNN model. In the context of wheat grain identification and segmentation, the detection results of the ImCascade R-CNN model were compared to those of the Cascade Mask R-CNN and Deeplabv3+ models. The comparison confirmed that the ImCascade R-CNN model exhibited superior performance in identifying and locating wheat grains, accurately segmenting wheat grain contours, and achieving an average accuracy of 90.2% in detecting wheat grain integrity. These findings serve as a foundation for obtaining kernel contour parameters. The grain length and grain width exhibited average error rates of 2.15% and 3.74%, respectively, while the standard error of the aspect ratio was 0.15. The statistical analysis and fitting of the grain length and width, as obtained through the proposed wheat grain shape identification method, yielded determination coefficients of 0.9351 and 0.8217, respectively. These coefficients demonstrated a strong agreement with the manually measured values, indicating that the method is capable of meeting the demands of wheat seed testing and providing precise data support for wheat breeding.ConclusionsThe findings of this study can be utilized for the rapid and precise detection of wheat grain integrity and the acquisition of comprehensive grain contour data. In contrast to current wheat kernel recognition technology, this research capitalizes on enhanced grain contour segmentation to furnish data support for the acquisition of wheat kernel contour parameters. Additionally, the refined contour parameter acquisition algorithm effectively mitigates the impact of disordered wheat kernel arrangement, resulting in more accurate parameter data compared to existing kernel appearance detectors available in the market, providing data support for wheat breeding and accelerating the cultivation of high-quality and high-yield wheat varieties.

[Abstract]: [Objective]: To analyze the current status and development trends of the patents of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China, and to provide ideas and references for the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food. [Methods]: The State Administration for Market Regulation website’s “Special Food Information Query Platform” and the incoPat global patent database were searched in this study. Based on the methods of bibliometrics, the registered health food and patents related to spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in China were sorted out. Furthermore, the research and development numbers, provinces, institutions, technology and efficacy classification, major drugs, active ingredients and others of invigorating spleen health food in China were analyzed, and filtered patent data were visualized and analyzed by R programming language and CytoScape software. [Results]: A total of 285 patents of health food with the homology of medicine and food for invigorating spleen were included and analyzed. From 2012, the patent registration numbers of these spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food increased significantly in China. Over the past 20 years, the top five provinces in terms of patent disclosures were Guangdong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, and Guangxi. It was found that the technical efficacy of over 20 patents was described as “immune enhancement” “digestion” “disease prevention”, etc. Patent applications were mainly aimed at the research and development of the preservation of food or ingredients, the specific therapeutic activity of compounds, and pharmaceutical preparations, which were led by corporation research and development registrations, and supplemented by applications from research institutions and individuals. Among the 285 patents, the top 10 raw materials of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food were Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fengmi (Mel), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), and Dangshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). The main functions were to nourish spleen and replenish Qi, invigorate spleen and benefit lungs, nourish blood and promote fluid production, and nourish spleen and stomach. [Conclusion]: The main drug composition and functional components of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food are relatively clear, and the technical effects of invigorating the spleen and stomach, eliminating accumulation of food, and enhancing immunity are highly targeted. This paper provides evidence for the research and development, mechanism research, and process improvement of spleen-invigorating health food with the homology of medicine and food in the future.

Implant infection is one of the most common and serious complications in orthopedics, and it is also an important reason for the failure of implant surgery. When bacteria form a biofilm on the implant surface, it is extremely difficult to be eliminated and attracts more bacteria and fungi. A large number of studies have shown that the use of surface modification technology can effectively reduce the adhesion and accumulation of pathogenic bacteria, thereby preventing peri-implant infection. The formation process of bacterial biofilm on the surface of orthopedic implants and the antibacterial mechanism of metal antibacterial agents were first analyzed. Then, some of the most widely used metal-based inorganic antibacterial coatings at home and abroad and their related preparation processes were reviewed, the problems and improvement methods in the application of these coatings were also discussed, and the development direction of inorganic antibacterial coatings in the future was prospected, such as synergistic antibacterial coatings and bone-promoting antibacterial coatings.

This article presents a new binocular vision method for accurate deformation measurements of flexible membrane structures. Using enhanced marker points on the membrane, the method identifies areas for displacement measurements, filtering out unwanted image features with scale-invariant feature transform and threshold correlation. It integrates Canny edge recognition and quadratic weighted averaging for precise positioning of measurement points. By comparing reference images and utilizing the principle of minimum distance between matching points, the method achieves fast matching and determines the three-dimensional coordinates of marker points, enhancing measurement efficiency and robustness. This approach has been empirically tested on membrane structures, providing new insights. The results highlight that our novel algorithm can achieve high-precision measurements down to millimeters, and its accuracy increases with the actual displacement of the membrane structure. Notably, this groundbreaking measurement method remains unaffected by the form of the membrane surface, addressing a long-standing challenge in the field.

In order to study the influence of relevant parameters of the swashplate engine pendulum mechanism on engine dynamic performance, a mathematical model which can express the relationship between its design parameters and engine dynamic performance is established through the derivation of relevant parameters of the swashplate engine pendulum mechanism. Combined with the mathematical model, the influence of the change of the number of cylinders of the pendulum mechanism on the output speed and the displacement of the center of mass of the swashplate are studied using the control variable method, and the Admas simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that when the number of cylinders is selected as the independent variable, the inclination angle of the swashplate decreases gradually from 29.93° to 14.26°, and the average deviation of speed is the smallest when the number of cylinders is 7, which is 0.005 4 r/min; the average displacement of the swashplate centroid on x-axis and y-axis is also the smallest, which are -0.005 9 mm and -0.016 7 mm respectively; the average displacement on the z-axis is 0.038 8 mm, which is not the minimum value, but the offset amplitude is smaller. The results show that when the number of engine cylinders is 7 and the inclined angle of the swashplate is 16.35°, the stability of the spindle speed and the stability of swashplate are the best, which provides some reference for the parameter design of swashplate engines.

ObjectiveRapid recognition and automatic positioning of table grapes in the natural environment is the prerequisite for the automatic picking of table grapes by the picking robot.MethodsAn rapid recognition and automatic picking points positioning method based on improved K-means clustering algorithm and contour analysis was proposed. First, euclidean distance was replaced by a weighted gray threshold as the judgment basis of K-means similarity. Then the images of table grapes were rasterized according to the K value, and the initial clustering center was obtained. Next, the average gray value of each cluster and the percentage of pixel points of each cluster in the total pixel points were calculated. And the weighted gray threshold was obtained by the average gray value and percentage of adjacent clusters. Then, the clustering was considered as have ended until the weighted gray threshold remained unchanged. Therefore, the cluster image of table grape was obtained. The improved clustering algorithm not only saved the clustering time, but also ensured that the K value could change adaptively. Moreover, the adaptive Otsu algorithm was used to extract grape cluster information, so that the initial binary image of the table grape was obtained. In order to reduce the interference of redundant noise on recognition accuracy, the morphological algorithms (open operation, close operation, images filling and the maximum connected domain) were used to remove noise, so the accurate binary image of table grapes was obtained. And then, the contours of table grapes were obtained by the Sobel operator. Furthermore, table grape clusters grew perpendicular to the ground due to gravity in the natural environment. Therefore, the extreme point and center of gravity point of the grape cluster were obtained based on contour analysis. In addition, the linear bundle where the extreme point and the center of gravity point located was taken as the carrier, and the similarity of pixel points on both sides of the linear bundle were taken as the judgment basis. The line corresponding to the lowest similarity value was taken as the grape stem, so the stem axis of the grape was located. Moreover, according to the agronomic picking requirements of table grapes, and combined with contour analysis, the region of interest (ROI) in picking points could be obtained. Among them, the intersection of the grapes stem and the contour was regarded as the middle point of the bottom edge of the ROI. And the 0.8 times distance between the left and right extreme points was regarded as the length of the ROI, the 0.25 times distance between the gravity point and the intersection of the grape stem and the contour was regarded as the height of the ROI. After that, the central point of the ROI was captured. Then, the nearest point between the center point of the ROI and the grape stem was determined, and this point on the grape stem was taken as the picking point of the table grapes. Finally, 917 grape images (including Summer Black, Moldova, and Youyong) taken by the rear camera of MI8 mobile phone at Jinniu Mountain Base of Shandong Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute were verified experimentally.Results and Discussions]The results showed that the success rate was 90.51% when the error between the table grape picking points and the optimal points were less than 12 pixels, and the average positioning time was 0.87 s. The method realized the fast and accurate localization of table grape picking points. On top of that, according to the two cultivation modes (hedgerow planting and trellis planting) of table grapes, a simulation test platform based on the Dense mechanical arm and the single-chip computer was set up in the study. 50 simulation tests were carried out for the four conditions respectively, among which the success rate of localization for purple grape picking point of hedgerow planting was 86.00%, and the average localization time was 0.89 s; the success rate of localization for purple grape identification and localization of trellis planting was 92.00%, and the average localization time was 0.67 s; the success rate of localization for green grape picking point of hedgerow planting was 78.00%, and the average localization time was 0.72 s; and the success rate of localization for green grape identification and localization of trellis planting was 80.00%, and the average localization time was 0.71 s.ConclusionsThe experimental results showed that the method proposed in the study can meet the requirements of table grape picking, and can provide technical supports for the development of grape picking robot.

ObjectiveTo explore the mediating effect of rumination on the relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorder， so as to provide guidance for the preventions of suicidal ideation.MethodsA total of 302 adolescents with major depressive disorder in Department of Psychosomatic Medicine of Deyang People's Hospital from January to December 2020 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） clinical significance criterion for depressive disorder were enrolled. All individuals were assessed using Insomnia Severity Index （ISI）， Ruminative Response Scale （RRS） and Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation （PANSI）. Then the mediating effect of rumination in the relation between insomnia and suicidal ideation in adolescents with major depression disorder was analyzed using Process v3.2 model 4， and testified with the bias-corrected non-parametric percentile Bootstrap method.ResultsISI scores in adolescents with major depression disorder were positively correlated with PANSI score （r=0.400， P

Industrial parks serve as vital spatial carriers for economic and industrial development, exerting significant impacts on energy consumption and carbon emissions across nations. In order to promote green development in the Lancang-Mekong region, this research focuses on typical industrial parks in Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. It analyzes the primary conditions of energy system construction, the structure of energy consumption, energy demand, and carbon emission trends in these parks. By considering local policies, development plans, and energy transition goals, the study assesses the development needs of energy consumption in the parks. It proposes differentiated schemes for constructing low-carbon energy systems in industrial parks, aiming to serve as a reference and guidance for the low-carbon energy transformation of typical industrial parks in the Lancang-Mekong region.

Cu–Cr–Ti alloy with gradient properties was prepared at 960°C for 2 h in air, 80% cold rolling, and then aging at 500°C for 1 h. The results showed that the surface layer of Cu–Cr–Ti alloy had achieved a good match of electrical conductivity (96.2% International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS)), thermal stability (softening temperature of 650°C), and wear resistance (friction coefficient of 0.17). Meanwhile, the core region maintains high tensile strength (519 MPa) and good electrical conductivity of 71.8% IACS. Transmission electron microscope characterization revealed that the precipitates of surface layer are composed of Cr oxides, complex oxides formed by Cu, Cr, and O, and Ti-rich phases. The existence of oxide particles with discontinuous distribution and stable properties is the reason for the good electrical conductivity, excellent thermal stability, and outstanding wear resistance of the surface layer. The main precipitates of the core are Cr. The high tensile strength of the core is ascribed to the aging strengthening effect of these fine Cr particles. This work provides ideas and approaches for the preparation of copper alloy with excellent properties for high-speed railway contact wire, and solves the drawbacks of composites synthesized from heterogeneous materials.

Ferroptosis, a newly defined and iron-dependent cell death, morphologically and biochemically differs from other cell deaths. Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer, and the poor efficacy of current therapies causes a major increase in mortality. Sorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitor, has been evaluated in clinical phase trials of melanoma patients, which shows modest efficacy. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that arginase 2 (Arg2), type 2 of arginase, is elevated in various types of cancers including melanoma. To investigate the role and underlying mechanism of Arg2 in sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in melanoma, reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, adenovirus and lentivirus transduction, and in vivo tumor homograft model experiments were conducted. In this study, we show that sorafenib treatment leads to melanoma cell death and a decrease in Arg2 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of Arg2 increases lipid peroxidation, which contributes to ferroptosis, and decreases the phosphorylation of Akt. In contrast, overexpression of Arg2 rescues sorafenib-induced ferroptosis, which is prevented by an Akt inhibitor. In addition, genetic and pharmacological suppression of Arg2 is able to ameliorate the anticancer activity of sorafenib in melanoma cells in vitro and in tumor homograft models. We also show that Arg2 suppresses ferroptosis by activating the Akt/GPX4 signaling pathway, negatively regulating sorafenib-induced cell death in melanoma cells. Our study not only uncovers a novel mechanism of ferroptosis in melanoma but also provides a new strategy for the clinical applications of sorafenib in melanoma treatment.

Objective: To study the effect of food preservatives on the freshness of pre-conditioned pork filling stuffing and to solve the problem of easy spoilage and very short shelf life of pre-conditioned pork filling stuffing. Methods: The changes of physicochemical and microbiological indexes of the pre-conditioned pork filling treated with vacuum-packed co-combination preservatives during storage were determined using the total number of colonies or TBA values as evaluation criteria. Results: The optimal ratio of preservatives were as followed: 0.049% nisin, 0.207% D-isoascorbate sodium, 0.029% rosemary extract. Vacuum-packed synergistic compounding preservative treatment can effectively delay the changes of total bacterial colony, TBA value, TVB-N value, pH value, and has better sensory score, and its shelf life can reach 10 days. Conclusion: Vacuum packaging synergistic compounding preservative treatment of pre-conditioned pork filling has a better preservation effect and can effectively extend its shelf life.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, endoscopic manifestations, and genetic characteristics of a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome(WAS) and Crohn′s disease, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis. Methods: The clinical manifestations, biological indicators, endoscopic characters, therapy, and follow-up of a child with Crohn′s disease combined with WAS were analyzed retrospectively. And literature was searched from PubMed, Wanfang Data, and CNKI. Results: A 6-year-old boy had recurrent abdominal pain, hematochezia for one month, and had perianal abscess for about half a month. He also had thrombocytopenia since infancy. Complete blood cell count showed moderate anemia (Hb 70 g/L) and decreased platelets (77×109/L). The boy had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (71 mm/h) and fecal calprotectin (>1 800 μg/g). Colonoscopy showed multiple ulcers in colon and the pathological examination revealed chronic inflammation in mucosa of the terminal ileum and colon, some of which were accompanied by microabscess and crypt abscesses. The child was diagnosed with Crohn's disease. A splicing mutation (c.777+3_777+6 del GAGT) was identified in the exon 8 of WAS gene by next-generation sequencing. Consequently, the child was definitely diagnosed as WAS combined with Crohn′s disease. There were 9 relevant articles, showing that all 16 patients had childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (1 day to 14.9 years old), and 10 of them were accompanied by thrombocytopenia. Various treatments, including drugs, surgery, and bone marrow transplantation were required. Seven patients were followed up, and three of them died. Conclusions: For children with IBD, particularly those with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease, the possibility of monogenic diseases should be taken into account. If a male child with IBD have thrombocytopenia since childhood, the WAS gene should be detected.

The aim of this study was to verify the biological function of miR-1273h-5p in gastric cancer (GC) and its underlying mechanisms. The differential expression of microRNAs between GC and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected using microarrays, miR-1273h-5p, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) mRNA, and protein levels were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting methods, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. Compared to tumor-adjacent normal tissue and gastric epithelial mucosa cell line cells, miR-1273h-5p was significantly downregulated in tissues and cells of GC. The overexpression of miR-1273h-5p could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote cell apoptosis; in contrast, inhibition of miR-1273h-5p expression could reverse this process. Moreover, a significant upregulation of CXCL12 was observed when the miR-1273h-5p was downregulated in GC cells. Additionally, miR-1273h-5p significantly reduces tumor volume and weight. Thus, this study suggests that miR-1273h-5p regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis during GC progression by directly binding to CXCL12 mRNA 3′-untranslational regions, which may be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in GC.

The combustion process of boilers under deep peak shaving is a multivariate process which has complex characteristics such as super multivariability, being nonlinear, and large delay. It is difficult to handle complex data and calculate appropriate distributed results. To this end, this study applies the A3C method based on the dynamic weight Dyna structure to the boiler combustion system. This method trains and optimizes the boiler combustion system by establishing a data center and designing appropriate states and reward values, and the simulation results show that this method can be used to optimize the boiler combustion system. It can effectively reduce NOX emissions and improve the boiler combustion efficiency.

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate whether the sequence of oocyte retrieval and salpingectomy for hydrosalpinx affects pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients.Study DesignThere were 1,610 bilateral hydrosalpinx patients who underwent laparoscopy salpingectomy and IVF-ET/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) from January 2009 to December 2018. They were divided into two groups: oocyte retrieval first group: 235 accepted oocyte retrieval before salpingectomy; operation first group: 1,375 accepted oocyte retrieval after salpingectomy. The basic information and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. The pregnancy outcomes and influencing factors were analyzed among patients at different starting times of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) or oocyte retrieval after the salpingectomy.ResultsPatients in the oocyte retrieval first group had higher levels of basal follicle stimulating hormone and lower anti-Mullerian hormone levels (P 0.05). The live birth rates of patients ≥35 years old in the operation first group and the oocyte retrieval first group were not significantly different (29.3% vs. 23.3%, P = 0.240). After adjusting for age and antral follicle count (AFC), oocyte retrieval 4–6 and 7–12 months after the operation had higher accumulated pregnancy rates [OR 1.439 (1.045–1.982), P = 0.026; OR 1.509 (1.055–2.158), P = 0.024] and higher accumulated live birth rates [OR 1.419 (1.018–1.977), P = 0.039; OR 1.544 (1.068–2.230), P = 0.021]. No significant difference was observed in the pregnancy outcomes of frozen embryo transfer at different times after salpingectomy (P > 0.05).ConclusionNo contamination of the embryo or infection was observed in patients who underwent oocyte retrieval before the operation. The interval between the operation and frozen embryo transfer did not affect the pregnancy outcomes. After adjusting for age and AFC, patients who underwent oocyte retrieval 4–6 and 7–12 months after the operation had higher accumulated pregnancy rates and live birth rates.

Abstract Background To evaluate the anatomic geometry of the posterior intercondylar eminence and its association with PCL injury risk. Methods Patients who underwent primary PCL reconstruction from 2015 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The control group included inpatients diagnosed with ACL rupture because of a sports-related accident during the same period, matched by age, gender, height, weight, and side of injury. Measurements of the height of the apex of the posterior intercondylar eminence (HPIE), the slope length (SLPIE) and the slope angle (SAPIE) of the posterior intercondylar eminence were performed using conventional MRI scans assessed by 2 blinded, independent raters. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) was used to evaluate the consistency of measurement results. Independent sample t tests, Chi-square tests, and logistic analyses were used to compare the two group, with P

ObjectiveTo investigate the moderating effect of psychological resilience in relation to depressive symptoms and suicidal risk among adolescents.MethodsThe research is a descriptive survey. A total of 71 137 adolescents were selected from 163 schools in Deyang by stratified cluster sampling. Their psychological resilience， depressive symptoms and suicide risks were measured oneline by using 10-item Connor-davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RICS-10）， Patients’ Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised （SBQ-R）. The moderating effect of psychological resilience in relation to depressive symptoms and suicidal risk was examined by multivariate stratified regression analysis.Results① The score of CD-RISC-10 was negatively related to PHQ-9 score and SBQ-R score （r=-0.305， -0.268， P

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a multi-functional cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, plays a critical role in cancer migration, proliferation and metastasis via regulating multiple signaling pathways. SY-707 is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)/FAK/type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) multi-kinase inhibitor which is now being evaluated in phase II clinical trials for ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of SY-707 on breast cancer is unknown. In this study, we assessed preclinical the anti-growth and anti-metastasis potency of SY-707 in breast cancer cells. ATP content, PE-Annexin V, and would healing assays were used to examine cell proliferation, cell cycle and migration. Then, SD rat and beagle dog models were used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics profile of SY-707, and mouse xenograft model was used to evaluate the anti-cancer activities of SY-707 in vivo. We found that breast cancer cells apoptosis were induced by SY-707. Moreover, SY-707 exerted inhibition on cell migration and adhesion in a dose-dependent manner. In T47D xenograft mice, SY-707 had significant anti-tumor activities alone or synergistically with Paclitaxel. Meanwhile, SY-707 also displayed significant suppression on spontaneous metastasis of tumor to the lung in 4T1 murine breast cancer xenograft model. In conclusion, SY-707 has potent anti-proliferation and anti-migration potential in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo, implying its therapeutic application for the treatment of breast cancer in future clinical trials.

Oil-gas exploration in the Yinggehai basin shows, the formation, distribution and preservation of oil and gas resources are closely related to the overpressure system in the diapir zone. We based our analysis of the characteristics of generation, migration and reservior-forming of oil and gas resources on a full integration of geological logging and seismic data as well as drilling outcomes in the Yinggehai basin. Our research results show that the distribution of natural gas, is generally characterized by shallow gas reservoir along the central mud diapir zone and middle deep lithologic gas reservoir along the limb of diaper zone. The reservior-forming and enrichment follows the law of "driven by overpressure, conduction via fracture of diapir, enrichment in fan deposit possessed by gravity flow, capping with high pressure mudstone, pool-forming of episodic water-soluble gas ".

The water-cut rises quickly and the remaining oil distribution is complex when the ultra-low permeability reservoir enters the high water cut stage. The comprehensive use of reservoir engineering, dynamic monitoring, numerical simulation, core experiments and other methods, this paper systematically summarizes three types of water-driving law and distribution characteristics of remaining oil, which are pore-fracture flow, pore-fracture flow and fracture flow. It is considered that the horizontal water drive is mainly controlled by material source, well pattern and fracture, while the vertical water drive is mainly controlled by reservoir heterogeneity, water line distance, injection-production well distance, etc. , the patterns of residual oil formed by different types of percolation are different, in this paper, 7 macroscopic patterns of remaining oil distribution, such as well pattern control, heterogeneity control, single sand body connected control, longitudinal interference, injection-production non-correspondence and non-main reservoir unutilized, are summarized, in the light of different remaining oil patterns, the paper puts forward the adjustment direction of tapping potential, such as optimizing injection-production structure, optimizing injection-production mode.

Our country's higher education is based on “literacy” and “cultivating people” as the core. How to silently integrate ideological and political elements into the teaching process of engineering professional courses is a problem that requires thinking and long-term construction. In order to cultivate high-skilled and high-quality talents with both talents and virtues, it is urgent to build an ideological and political program suitable for engineering courses. On the basis of analyzing the national boundary attributes of engineering majors, this paper integrates ideological and political elements into engineering majors, and constructs an ideological and political teaching system for engineering majors. On the basis of knowledge imparting, ability training, and spiritual shaping in the design of professional courses, six ideological and political goals of courses are cultivated, and the ideological and political curriculum construction framework of professional courses is constructed by combining three teaching modules, and three ideological and political strategies are integrated into three courses. Taking the course of “Motor and Electrical Control Technology” as an example, this paper discusses the feasibility of the ideological and political construction plan for engineering majors.

Taking the key factors for the success of German “duale ausbildung” vocational education as the starting point, this paper introduces in detail five aspects: the leading role of the government, the main role of enterprises, the degree of social recognition, the team of dual qualified teachers, and the assessment and evaluation system. This paper analyzes the problems faced by vocational education in China, such as low social recognition, weak cooperation between schools and enterprises, inadequate talent training in schools to meet social needs, and insufficient attention from the government, and draws on the successful factors of dual vocational education in Germany to propose four inspirations for the reform of vocational education in China, including: improving laws and regulations, improving the security mechanism, improving the attractiveness of vocational education, strengthening the construction of “dual teachers” team Improve the social applicability of vocational education.

The bioactive coatings were prepared on the surface of Ti6Al4V by micro-arc oxidation in the electrolyte system consist of CaSiO3, Na2SiO3·9H2O, EDTA-2Na, K2HPO4·3H2O and the electrical parameters were fixed at 400 V, 600 Hz, 15%, 10 min with constant voltage mode. The value of concentration of CaSiO3 and Na2SiO3·9H2O were changed, and the range of change was 0.0835-0.15 mol/L and 0-0.06 mol/L respectively. Structural properties and microstructure of bioactive coating fabricated by micro-arc oxidation were detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), electrochemical workstation, eddy current thickness profiler, scratch tester and Image-Pro Plus 6.0. The effects of CaSiO3 and Na2SiO3·9H2O concentrations on the bioactive coating were studied. The results show that thickness, roughness, micropore diameter and porosity, calcium phosphate ratio gradually increase and corrosion resistance, bond strength gradually deteriorate with the increase of CaSiO3 concentration. Micropore diameter and porosity first grow larger and then become smaller, thickness,roughness,calcium phosphate ratio and bond strength gradually increase and corrosion resistance becomes better first and then deteriorates with the increase of Na2SiO3·9H2O concentration. The performance of the coating is the best when the concentrations of calcium silicate and sodium silicate are 0.15 mol/L and 0.015 mol/L, respectively.

The gas pressure measurement device for long distance coal seam with large depression angle is studied, and the highlight is that the design type of “double baffle and slurry pipe”. Through the application of gas pressure measurement device in No.15 coal seam of Qianjin Coal Mine, and compared with the gas pressure data of traditional hole-sealing process of “single baffle and grouting”, the results of three groups of gas pressure test boreholes are, respectively, 0.17 MPa and 0 MPa, 0.25 MPa and 0.25 MPa, 0.27 MPa and 0.18 MPa. The research shows that the hole-sealing process of “single baffle and grouting” is suitable for the short distance hole-sealing, whereas the grouting and hole-sealing device of “double baffle and slurry pipe” has better hole-sealing quality for long distance drilling with large depression angle.

In this paper, the 3D pore structure of CuCr powders were obtained by pre-press shaping process, and finally the 3D interconnected carbon nanotubes/copper (CNTs/Cu) composites with excellent properties were insitu synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The morphology and structure of CNTs/ Cu composites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the results showed that the quality of CNTs and the interfacial bonding strength of CNTs/ Cu composites can be improved owing to the 3D pore structure. Meanwhile, the 3D pore structure was favorable to avoid pollution of CNTs during the synthesis process. The tensile strength of CNTs/ Cu composites increased to 421.2 MPa, with 47.6% enhancements compared to CuCr. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction (COF) reduced to 0.22 and the corrosion resistance were increased by 51.86% compared to CuCr. Consequently, our research provides a novel and an effective method for the synthesis of high quality CNTs/ Cu composites.

Copper alloys and copper matrix composites have been attracting a lot of attention lately. Their composition design, preparation, and processing directly affect the final performance. In this review, several typical copper alloys, such as Cu-Fe-P, Cu-Ni-Si, and Cu-Cr-Zr are analyzed. The deformation mechanisms, microstructure evolution, and dynamic recrystallization behavior are summarized. In addition, dispersion strengthened copper matrix composites and graphene reinforced copper matrix composites are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the effects of X-ray irradiation on the proliferation and protein secretion in vitro in a cultured mouse osteoblast precursor cell line (MC3T3-E1) and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced bone injury.Methods Mouse osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into a 0 Gy control group, 2 Gy group, 4 Gy group and 8 Gy group according to the irradiation dose. The corresponding dose of X-rays was applied, and the changes in cell morphology after irradiation were observed. Cell proliferation was detected by the CCK-8 method, and alkaline phosphorus was detected at 7 days after irradiation. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of secreted proteins were detected by high-throughput protein chip technology. The differential expression of proteins due to radiation damage was screened and verified by an ELISA.Results After irradiation, the soma and nucleus of MC3T3-E1 cells were enlarged. Compared to the control group, the cell proliferation rates of the 4 Gy and 8 Gy groups were significantly decreased starting at 3 days in culture (P < 0.05), and the cell proliferation decreased in a dose-dependent manner. After 7 days of culture, the ALP activity in the cells of each irradiated group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, 36 differentially expressed proteins were found in the supernatant after irradiation. Among them, the content of regulated upon activation, normal T cell expression and secreted factor (RANTES) was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion A certain dose of irradiation can inhibit the proliferation of mouse osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1), and RANTES may be an important signaling factor induced by radiation damage.

Objective To investigate the effects of radical surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical surgery and concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with radical surgery on the survival and postoperative complications of patients with stageⅠb2 andⅡa2 cervical cancer. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 140 patients with stageⅠb2 and Ⅱa2 cervical cancer, 48 patients were treated with radical surgery alone (group A), 59 patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radical surgery (group B) and 33 patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with radical surgery (group C). The intraoperative and postoperative clinical indicators, local invasion and lymph node metastasis rate, postoperative complication rate, median overall survival, and 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were compared among three groups. Results There was no significant difference in the time of surgery and total hospital stay among the three groups (P > 0.05). The bleeding volume, postoperative vessel and muscle invasion rate and lymph node metastasis rate in group C were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P < 0.05). Postoperative neurological invasion rate, postoperative complication rate, median overall survival and postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates showed no significant difference among three groups (P > 0.05). Group B was divided into radiotherapy group (n=28), chemotherapy group (n=13) and chemoradiotherapy group (n=18) according to preoperative treatment. The 3-year survival rate of radiotherapy group was significantly higher than those of chemotherapy group and radiotherapy group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The patients with stageⅠb2 andⅡa2 cervical cancer in three groups have similar survival condition and postoperative complications. However, concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with radical surgery could reduce the surgical trauma, local postoperative invasion and lymph node metastasis rate.

Electrification to reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions is essential to mitigate climate change. However, a substantial portion of our manufacturing and transportation infrastructure will be difficult to electrify and/or will continue to use carbon as a key component, including areas in aviation, heavy-duty and marine transportation, and the chemical industry. In this Roadmap, we explore how multidisciplinary approaches will enable us to close the carbon cycle and create a circular economy by defossilizing these difficult-to-electrify areas and those that will continue to need carbon. We discuss two approaches for this: developing carbon alternatives and improving our ability to reuse carbon, enabled by separations. Furthermore, we posit that co-design and use-driven fundamental science are essential to reach aggressive greenhouse gas reduction targets.