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Objective To provide foundational data for exploring the association between KIR genes and diseases by analyzing the frequency and polymorphism of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes in Han, Manchu and Korean populations in Jilin Province. Methods KIR gene typing was performed on 129 Manchu, 198 Korean and 201 Han individuals from Jilin using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) technique. Results KIR3DL2, KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1 and KIR2DL4 were detected in all subjects. KIR2DL1, KIR2DL3, KIR2DS4, KIR3DL1 and KIR2DP1 genes had high detection frequencies, ranging from 93% to 98% across the three ethnic groups. In contrast, the detection rates of KIR2DL2, KIR2DL5, KIR3DS1, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3 and KIR2DS5 were lower, ranging from 13% to 45%. Notably, the detection frequencies of KIR2DL5 (17.83%) and KIR2DS1 (17.83%) in the Manchu population were significantly lower than those in the Korean (42.93%, 47.47%) and Han (33.83%, 33.33%) populations in Jilin. The detection frequencies of KIR2DL5 (42.93%) and KIR2DS1 (47.47%) were significantly higher in the Korean population compared to the Han (33.83%, 33.33%) and Manchu (17.83%, 17.83%) population. The frequency of the KIRAA haplotype in the Han population was the highest among the three ethnic groups in Jilin at 61.19%, significantly higher than that in the Korean population (42.93%). Differences between the three groups were statistically significant (P

[Objective] Precipitation is the main source of soil water in arid and semi-arid regions. By combining field observation and model simulation to study the regularity of rainfall infiltration, the soil water deficit can be mastered more systematically. [Methods] Through fixed point observation, the Hydrus-1d model was applied to simulate the dynamic change of soil water in Platycladus orientalis on the artificial of Nanshan Mountain in Lanzhou, evaluate the applicability of the model in arid region, and analyze the soil water response and infiltration mechanism under different rainfall conditions. [Results] The Hydrus-1d model had good applicability in the artificial side of Nanshan in Lanzhou, and the deep simulation effect was better. When the rainfall was less than 30 mm, the soil moisture content at 10 cm has the strongest response to rainfall, while the influence of rainfall at 30 and 50 cm was relatively small and had an obvious lag, and there was no response below 70 cm. There was a wetness peak when the rainfall was more than 8.2 mm. During the simulation period, the maximum infiltration depth was 70 cm and the maximum infiltration volume was 23.7 mm. The infiltration depth increased with time, while the infiltration volume and infiltration rate decreased with time. Rainfall was positively correlated with infiltration volume, infiltration depth and infiltration rate (p

【Objective】 To explore the effects of new composite hydrogel on the physiological characteristics of tobacco seedlings under drought stress, and to provide theoretical basis for alleviating the toxicity of drought stress to tobacco. 【Method】 A total of 10 treatments including CK control and three different hydrogels added at 0.1%, 0.5% and 0.9% of soil dry mass: commercial hydrogel HS, new composite hydrogel HM (polyvinyl alcohol-acrylic acid-molecular sieve hydrogel) and HB (polyvinyl alcohol-acrylic acid-biochar hydrogel) were designed by pot experiment to study the effects of new composite hydrogels on tobacco under drought stress The effects of the new composite hydrogels on biomass accumulation, root development, photosynthetic system and oxidative stress of tobacco under drought stress were investigated. 【Result】 Under the same dosage conditions, HM and HB treatments were effective in increasing the fresh mass, dry mass and total water content of tobacco under drought stress compared to HS treatment. Compared with CK, HM and HB treatments could increase the fresh mass by a maximum of 153.91% and 126.34%, respectively. Under the same dosage conditions, HM and HB treatments significantly increased the total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, root tip number and root volume, and improved the root vigor of tobacco compared with HS treatments; photosynthetic parameters and SPAD values of tobacco increased significantly and improved leaf stomatal status; SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) activities and soluble protein amounts of tobacco increased and MDA (malondialdehyde) amounts decreased significantly, which enhanced the resistance of tobacco. 【Conclusion】 Adding 0.9% HM and HB hydrogels to soil dry weight can effectively reduce the impact of drought stress on tobacco and improve tobacco drought resistance.

【Objective】 Drought is the most common abiotic stress affecting agricultural production in most countries, and alleviating its detrimental effect is critical to safeguarding crop growth. The purpose of this paper is to compare the efficacy of water adsorption polymer in improving soil water retention and growth of tobacco seedlings. 【Method】 Water adsorption polymer particles with diameter in the range of 0.3~1.0 mm (T1), 1.0~2.5 mm (T2), and 2.5~4.75 mm (T3) were mixed with soil thoroughly prior to planning, respectively, with soil not being amended as the control (CK); plants in all treatments were under water stress. The field water capacity, water retention rate, as well as the growth and development of the tobacco seedlings were measured in each treatment. 【Result】 The field capacity maximized when the particle diameter was in the range of 2.5~4.75 mm, up 30.49% higher than that in the CK. Mixing soil with polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm gave the highest soil water retention capacity. Soil amended by polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm can effectively alleviate drought stress, promoting biomass accumulation in the plant. Soil amendment increased its total water content, relative water content and free water content in tobacco leaves by 4.93%, 24.35% and 11.81%, respectively, while reduced bound water, bound technique/free water, and water saturation deficit by 5.25%, 16.18%, and 63.51%, respectively. Compared with CK, soil amendment with the polymer also reduced the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, MDA, and soluble protein in the plant by 114.86%, 211.93%, 67.05%, and 273.29%, 27.73% respectively. 【Conclusion】 Amending the soil with water absorbent polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm is most effective to improve the field capacity and water-retention capacity of the soil, effectively alleviating drought stress to tobacco seedlings.

Objective To observe the effect of Tonifying deficiency and Zhengqi porridge on immune function reconstruction of HIV/AIDS patients with Qi deficiency. Methods Sixty (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)HIV/AIDS patients admitted to the center for Disease Control and prevention in Huichuan District of Zunyi City were randomly divided into control group and treatment group by random number table. All patients received the highly active anti-retroviral therapy, and those in the treatment group were given Tonifying deficiency and Zhengqi porridge. The CD4+ T-cell count was measured before, 3 months and 6 months after intervention. The Effective reconstitution of immune function was analyzed. Results After 3 and 6 months of treatment, the immune reconstitution in the treatment group was better than that in the control group for patients with CD4+ T-cell count of 100-500/mm3 (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tonifying deficiency and Zhengqi porridge can promote the reconstruction of immune function in HIV / AIDS patients with Qi deficiency and help to restore immune function. (目的 探讨补虚正气粥对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染及艾滋病(AIDS)气虚型患者的免疫功能恢复作用。方法 选择遵义市汇川区疾病预防控制中心60名HIV/AIDS患者, 随机将患者分为治疗组和对照组, 各30例。对照组按传统方法进行HAART(高效抗反转录病毒)治疗, 治疗组则在对照组治疗的基础上加用补虚正气粥。于干预前、干预后3个月和干预后6个月比较两组患者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数值和免疫功能重建有效率。结果 对于干预前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数100～500个/mm3的患者, 在介入3个月和6个月, 治疗组免疫功能的恢复较对照组好(P＜0. 05)。结论 补虚正气粥对HIV/AIDS气虚型患者免疫功能重建有促进作用, 有助于免疫功能的重建。)

ObjectiveTo study the contamination level of mineral oil hydrocarbons in complementary foods for infants and young children and assess its potential health impact for consumers aged 0­3 years old in China.MethodsThe contents of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons （MOSH） and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons （MOAH） were determined by on­line high­performance liquid chromatography coupled with gas chromatography and flame ionization detector. Based on the food consumption data of Chinese residents in 2015， the exposure to mineral oil hydrocarbons in complementary foods of Chinese infants and young children aged 0­3 years old was assessed by simple distribution method.ResultsThe overall detection rate of MOSH （C16-C35） in 4 types of complementary foods （canned foods， rice flour， noodles， and biscuits or molar sticks） in total of 138 commercially available complementary food samples was 45.65%， and the mean contamination level in different types of complementary foods was in the range of 0.55-4.40 mg/kg. The MOAH was only detected in 1 sample of noodles and 4 samples of biscuits or molar sticks. The overall detection rate of MOAH was 3.62%. The average daily exposure and high food consumption （P95） daily exposure of MOSH （C16­C35） for complementary foods consumer only population were 6.21 and 19.27 μg/kg·BW， respectively. The margins of exposure of all age groups were higher than 100.ConclusionThe health risk from dietary exposure to MOSH by consuming complementary foods is very low for infants and young children aged 0­3 years old in China. Attention should be paid to the contamination of MOAH in complementary foods for infants and young children.

This study investigates how Chinese scholars in Applied Linguistics construct different authorial stances in their English and Chinese research articles (RAs) by using interactional metadiscourse comprising boosters, hedges, and self-mentions. A specially designed corpus of 22 Chinese and 22 English RAs written by the same group of Chinese scholars was compiled and examined for metadiscourse forms and functions. We found that (a) while the Chinese scholars employed similar frequencies of boosters in both their Chinese and English RAs, they used significantly more hedges in their English RAs than in their Chinese RAs; (b) while they used more boosters than hedges in their Chinese RAs, a reverse pattern was found in their English RAs; (c) they used significantly more self-mentions, particularly first-person pronouns in their English RAs, than in their Chinese RAs. These findings indicate that the same Chinese scholars have displayed different epistemic stances and authorial identities in their Chinese-medium and English-medium publications.