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This article analyzes the associative fields of the stimulus words DYOL and SCHASTYE, which are central to the linguistic consciousness of Yakut and Russian speakers. Investigating the underlying processes within language enables us to uncover the ethnocultural specificity of a community’s linguistic consciousness — a snapshot of the real-world image at a particular period in the life of an ethnic group. The focus is on identifying both commonalities and distinctions in the perception of happiness among speakers of the two languages, as well as the ethnocultural nuances in their worldviews. A comparative analysis of the associative fields of the stimulus words DYOL — SCHASTYE is conducted using Y.N. Karaulov’s “semantic gestalt” methodology, which includes delineating semantic zones, determining types of connections between stimuli and responses, and employing a quantitative assessment method to measure the overlap of associative fields. The analysis reveals significant shifts in the value priorities of Yakut speakers in recent years. While happiness was previously associated with family, children, and material wealth, con-temporary perspectives increasingly emphasize aspects such as fulfilling work, travel, career advancement, and self-care. This reflects modern social trends where happiness is linked not only to material factors but also to personal growth and self-actualization.

Ethnically-specific concepts and bilingual consciousness are topical issues of cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cultural studies, and language theory. Associative fields of culturally-marked vocabulary make it possible to study ethnic worldviews. The authors used the psycholinguistic method of associative experiment to study the associative fields of Shorian words Chyl-Pazhi (a New Year celebration) and chalama (a festive ribbon) in the language consciousness of the Shor people who live in the Kemerovo Region, Western Siberia. The survey yielded 412 associations to the stimulus Chyl-Pazhi and 359 associations to the stimulus chalama. The psycholinguistic experiment involved 89 members of the Shor ethnic group aged 14–65 y.o. and was conducted on October 29, 2022, in the settlement of Sheregesh during a local festival of national cultures. Shorian and Russian New Year traditions appeared to merge with those of other indigenous peoples of Western Siberia, which was obvious even at the level of spelling as many respondents used Khakas or Russified variants. Chyl-Pazhy was conceptualized as a holiday when multi-colored chalama-ribbons are tied to a birch tree while black ones are burned in a fire-well. As a New Year celebration, Chyl-Pazhy could be described as a seasonal holiday of sunlight and spring that remains integral to the contemporary Shorian worldview. Chalama-ribbons were associated with making wishes, and that was the only aspect that linked this stimulus with the Russian New Year.

The verbal objectification of subjective features and society's assessment of the economic status of a certain segment of the population are of interest in this linguistic and cultural study, which aims to diachronically and synchronously analyze the conceptualization of poverty in Ukrainian linguistic culture and in the language consciousness. The peculiarity of the process of forming the economic identification of a person is that there are objective signs of a person's property status that have a pronounced national, socio-economic, cultural and regional character. These objective features are also conditioned by systemic, linguistic and linguistic-cultural factors that have a significant impact on the value level of collective and individual economic consciousness. We also focused on the study of the perception and interpretation of the concept of "poverty" by modern Ukrainians. To do this, we used the methods of questionnaires and an association experiment. First, we provided the definition of "poverty" by economic science and sociology, considering also the concepts of "psychology of poverty" and economic identification; second, we analyzed the concept of "poverty" in the historical perspective on the basis of dictionary information by creating a nominative space of the concept; third, we turned to experimental methods, namely, an association experiment and a questionnaire survey. The results showed that modern native speakers no longer perceive poverty as a manifestation of evil fate or God's punishment, but as a result, on the one hand, of their own inability to earn enough money, or, on the other hand, as a consequence of economic crises and hardships that cause a person's material condition to deteriorate. A person who is poor or in need has to take responsibility for himself or herself and not expect help from other people. The perception and interpretation of concepts from the nominal space of poverty has certain differences compared to the interpretation by historical dictionaries. Thus, a poor person cannot even count on sympathy, because his poverty is the result of his inaction, laziness, etc.

Copyright of Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Philology Series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Статья рассматривает особенности восприятия китайскими студентами, обучающимися в России, русских топонимов. Исследование основано на данных опроса студентов из КНР, проходящих обучение в российских вузах. Анализируются результаты опроса среди студентов. Для определения восприятия и ассоциаций китайской молодёжи необходимо понимание таких терминов, как «топонимическая система», «ментально-топонимический стереотип» и «языковое сознание». В процессе исследования было обнаружено, что российские городские названия вызывают разнообразные ассоциации у китайских студентов, ассоциации знакомых русских топонимов основываются на исторических, географических и культурных особенностях России, а также личных впечатлениях и опыте студентов.

Background. The global redistribution of the balance of power, caused by the imbalance of the geopolitical interests of the leading world powers, contributed to the actualization within the boundaries of the Russian linguistic and cultural space of phenomena associated with the accentuation of existential significance categories among which the concept IDENTITY occupies a special position. Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the value aspect of the concept IDENTITY opposition in Russian linguistic culture. Materials and methods. The material for this study was the article of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin On the historical unity of Russians and Ukrainians. July, 12, 2021; interview with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation S.V. Lavrov; Internet publication of the Russian journalist I.A. Yakovenko Disintegration of the Russian Federation: Scenarios and Prospects; speeches of state and political figures of Russia in the television political show Evening with Vladimir Solovyov. When writing the article, the following methods were used: lexical-semantic, comparative-contrastive, discursive, contextual analysis. Results. In the course of the study the specifics of the differentiated objectification of the concept IDENTITY in the Russian language were analyzed; various theoretical approaches to the substantiation of the oppositional nature of the language implementation of the concept under study were systematized; the factual interdependence of the studied concept with the category “linguistic consciousness” was established; an integrative feature of the implementation of the concept IDENTITY in the Russian language space was revealed; the indicative characteristic of the concept IDENTITY in the composition of the subjects of the opposition CREATION ‒ DESTRUCTION was described. Practical implications. The results of the study can find practical application in the preparation of teaching aids and textbooks on the linguo-cognitive analysis of concepts based on dichotomous models.

Currently, the study of victimization and victim behavior as phenomena of modern cyberspace in the aspect of their stereotyping in the language consciousness of young people is a topical problem due to some extralinguistic reasons, such as massive involvement of young people in virtual communication, anonymity of cybercommunication and lack of legal liability for deviant behavior on the Internet, people’s ignorance of the need to correctly configure the privacy settings of their personal accounts, etc. This research is aimed at revealing the stereotypical representation of a cybervictim in the language consciousness of Russian students. The novelty of the phenomenon of cybercommunication and the insufficient scientific research data within the framework of psycholinguistics indicate the theoretical and practical significance of such studies. To solve the tasks set, the chain associative experiment in the form of an online questionnaire was conducted among students of all educational specializations of Kemerovo State University. The study of the respondents’ associative reactions with the use of methods of morphosyntactic analysis and semantic gestalt analysis made it possible to identify the semantic domains, on the basis of which the associative field was modeled, which characterizes the stereotypical representation of a cybervictim in the linguistic consciousness of Russian students. The results allow the authors to conclude that, from the viewpoint of young people, a cybervictim as a participant in the Internet communication does not evoke associations related to nationality, sex, age, profession. With a generally positive attitude to a cybervictim arousing sympathy, respondents point out the inability of such a person to take actions, which makes it possible to interpret the stereotypical image of a cybervictim as of a person without their own life philosophy or unable to defend it for physiological or psychological reasons, that negates the possibility to influence the communicative situation of this type.

The research featured experimental material obtained from Udmurt, Bashkir, and Tatar respondents as part of a psycholinguistic approach to the study of lexical meaning by its associative field. This approach is connected with the knowledge representation in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers and the specifics of ethnic stereotypes. The study owes its scientific novelty to the fact that it is a first of its kind comparative psycholinguistic study of the word semantics that involves the speakers of Udmurt, Bashkir, and Tatar. The study identified the semantic content and structure of the associative fields of the lexeme life in the abovementioned languages. It relied on the associative reactions received from the native speakers of Udmurt, Bashkir, and Tatar. The results of the psycholinguistic associative experiments served as the basic linguistic material for further cross-cultural research. The associative fields included the correlates of the lexeme life in the three languages: ulon (Udmurt), gumer (Bashkir), and gomer (Tatar). The quantitative and qualitative parameters allowed the author to identify universal and distinctive components in the content of the associative structures. The responses of Bashkir and Tatar speakers were mostly stereotypical in the core of the associative field. Paradigmatic reactions prevailed over syntagmatic ones in all associative fields. The qualitative interpretation of cognitive strategies appeared to be universal for the Udmurts, Bashkirs, and Tatars. The identification process was based on a specific mental image of a subject or object, as well as on emotionally-colored and evaluative signs as part of a semanteme. Unlike the Udmurt speakers, the Bashkirs and Tatars gave lengthy and explanatory reactions to the stimulus. The results can be used in teaching these national languages or as an effective tool for the formation of a multilingual personality through the study of associative lexical fields. In linguistic theories of semantics, an associative field can be used as a structured model for analyzing semantic representations of a word. The obtained results contribute to solving a certain range of theoretical issues related to the problem of mental vocabulary and human speech activity.

Copyright of Studia Ukrainica Posnaniensia is the property of Adam Mickiewicz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to determine the conceptual system of the Silesian mythological beliefs that is reflected in the names of demonic figures. These names are not only typical for the region of Silesia but they often refer to other parts of Poland (close or further to/from Silesia). The paper deals with the names of the figures and with their meanings. These meanings are the starting point to determine the features which are helpful for describing figures (and the set of their characteristic features) and for the presentation of the whole conceptual system. The fundamental elements of this system are the four basic categories -- spatial locations, outward appearance, functional features (typical actions and roles) and harmfulness/harmlessness to a man. All the features of the demonic figures are presented here according to the levels being the manifestations and projections of these four basic categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines Remarks on Poetry from Makuzugahara (Katsugen shiwa 葛原詩話, 1787, 1804), a Japanese reference work for Sinitic poets that comments on unusual vocabulary and subject matter mainly gathered from Tang and Song sources. Written by the Tendai Buddhist priest and celebrated Sinitic poet Rikunyo 六如 (1734–1801), Katsugen shiwa draws on both intralingual and interlingual translational techniques to engage with Sinitic texts and clarify their meaning to a Japanese readership. With intralingual techniques such as substitution, paraphrase, or expansion into more readily intelligible Sinitic, Rikunyo engaged in approaches identical to the Ming and Qing commentators whose annotations he referenced; his interlingual translation approaches included not only standard kundoku but explicit appeals to Japanese vernacular. The article shows in concrete terms how Rikunyo (as well as two other scholars who wrote fierce, point-by-point critiques of Katsugen shiwa) made use of these dual translation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The tendency of global aggravation of the confrontation of ideologies as a fundamental characteristic of the current political reality is due to the desire to consolidate the ethno-cultural priorities of the nation to preserve and assert the status of national identity correlated with the category of “linguistic personality”. Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the opposition of the notion “linguistic personality” in the American linguistic culture. Materials and methods. The material for this article was the treatises of the classics of German and French philosophy, the works of Russian representatives of the scientific schools of linguoculturology, cognitive linguistics, devoted to the theoretical issues of the semantics and pragmatics of linguistic communication, conceptual opposition, as well as the book of the American journalist B. Woodward Fear: Trump in the White House. When writing the article, the following methods were used: comparative, discursive, contextual analyses. Results. In the course of the study the functioning of the mechanisms for the implementation of the opposition of linguistic consciousness was analyzed. The descriptive characteristics of the concept “linguistic consciousness” are presented. Various approaches to the description of the key normative characteristics of a linguistic personality are systematized. As a part of the personified model the structural organization of a linguistic personality is described based on the dichotomy “Creation ‒ Destruction”. Practical implications. The results of the study can find practical application in the preparation of teaching aids and textbooks on the linguo-cognituve analysis of concepts based on dichotomous models.

Статья посвящена выявлению имплицитных характеристик женщины в языковом сознании представителей эквадорской лингвокультуры. На основе данных, полученных в ходе направленного ассоциативного эксперимента, определяются релевантные характеристики женщины с семантикой силы, интеллекта, мягкости характера, привлекательности, аспектом межличностных отношений и личностными качествами с положительной семантикой. Ассоциативное ядро данных характеристик представлено семантикой силы. Коммуникативный анализ интервью показывает, что данная семантика актуализируется через контекст борьбы с неравенством в социальном устройстве. Определены гендерные особенности полученных реакций: юноши, не отвергая силу женщины, отмечают ее внешнюю привлекательность и видят в ней мягкость характера, а для девушек на первый план выходят такие качества как сила и интеллект.

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to outline the variable markers of the individual linguistic awareness/consciousness development in the conditions of artificial bilingualism. Methods. The main method of the study was the method of selective observation with the fixation of markers of the linguistic awareness development and qualitative indicators of respondents' mastery of English as a foreign language in the artificial bilingualism conditions. Potential standards of passive-mechanical (imitation) and active (cognitive-communicative) models of artificial bilingualism were used for comparison. Markers of the respondents’ linguistic awareness were subject to monitoring: language knowledge, culture and speaking skills (at a level sufficient for formulating and expressing thoughts in the process of interpersonal communication in a foreign language), manifestations of language socialization (mastering the norms of listening, perceiving and speaking in a foreign language at a level sufficient for communication and coordination of semantic codes of communication subjects).The obtained data were subjected to content analysis, which made it possible to evaluate the markers of the development of the respondents’ linguistic awareness in the artificial bilingualism conditions and to reveal the level of using a foreign language in communication. In order to statistically confirm the significance of the obtained data, the method of one-factor variance analysis (Fisher’s φ-criterion) was used. A multidimensional procedure of cluster analysis (K-means clustering) was also used, which made it possible to distinguish subsets of the levels of the linguistic awareness development among the respondents of the research project. Results. The results of the data analysis of the research project proved that the differences between the experimental and control groups of junior high school students in identifying markers of linguistic awareness are reliably significant relative to individual predictors of the logical ordering of speech-thinking dimensions of language awareness (at p ≤ 0.05).Respondents of the experimental group demonstrate better results in listening, understanding the content of oral expression in a familiar everyday context and in communicative competences. The dominance of markers of an average level of linguistic awareness development among younger schoolchildren was also recorded. Conclusions. In the realities of permanent transformations of the modern information society, bilingualism appears as a predictor of foreign language mastery at a level sufficient for communication and exchange of ideas with other subjects of linguistic activity. Language (and foreign language in particular) is not only a communication tool, but also a way of perceiving, organizing and encoding (or decoding) the surrounding reality. In this context, linguistic awareness is interpreted as an invariant of possible schemes of mastering reality, which is most suitable for the purposes of communication between people. The analysis of markers of the junior high school students’ linguistic awareness development proved that when an active (cognitive-communicative) model of artificial bilingualism is implemented, the respondents demonstrate statistically better results in listening, understanding the content of oral expression in a familiar everyday context and in identifying communicative competences.

Translation converges with life. And life constitutionally is to interpret and translate signs. Consequently, a symptom can be variously interpreted; and it is vital that it be interpreted correctly. Hunger and providing food is a condition for survival, not only in anthroposemiosis, but also in zoosemiosis overall; not only one’s own survival, but that of future generations. This type of vital interpretation is translation. Translation is vital in zoosemiosis, but also in phytosemiosis and micosemiosis; not only throughout the great life kingdoms, the macrocosm, but also in the microcosm. If life and semiosis coincide, as posited in “global semiotics” (Sebeok), then so do life and translation. The current social production system, globalisation, is based on communication and translation is central; the production cycle is grounded in communication-translation. Production and consumption and not just exchange (or circulation) converge with communication; production involves telematics, teleworking, i.e. remote low-cost labour, gas and petrol pipelines, etc.; consumption too involves communication, is telephonic, telematic, mass-medial, and so forth. Social planning, individual and collective, is communication-translation. In globalisation social planning oriented by profit and myopic self-interest – for the sake of few at the cost of many – is translation on behalf of those who control the communication system. Food wastage contradicts hunger as much as other unhealthy conditions connected with food including bulimia and anorexia. In globalisation further symptoms of social malaise and dysfunctional translation include inequality, discrimination, racism, and social injustice generally. Translation semiotics accounts for this type of dysfunctioning as well. Semiotics practiced as global semiotics is the science with a maximum capacity for reflection on signs, thus for a responsible attitude towards semiosis, the other, ultimately life overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At different stages of the development of civilization, the languages that could make the transition to the new technologies of science and communication have flourished and developed. The article discusses several conceptual issues dedicated to the issue of the continuity of Armenian written culture and introduces the steps towards the digitization of Armenian, both taken and anticipated. Armenian written culture, from epigraphy to the present state, is the result of the concerted efforts of scientists who are dedicated and deeply aware of the challenges thrown by time and their supporting governors and businessmen. We must create conditions so that our language gets the opportunity to adapt to the changes dictated by the environment and new media and promote it to develop in the new digital conditions of communication because it is the direct repository of our linguistic consciousness and self-awareness. In the first part of the article, parallels are drawn between the Industrial Revolution and the stages of written culture development. The second part presents the projects and initiatives that have been launched toward the digitization processing of the Armenian language and corpora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of the phenomenon of linguistic personality (LP) is currently central in the modern field of linguistic science since the object of the research - a human being - is at the center of the linguistic paradigm. The study of LP of a conference interpreter is extremely challenging as it contributes to self-knowledge and self-improvement. Studying linguistic and communicative consciousness of a person in a moment of interpreting allows expanding the framework of the perception of the world, knowledge about the manifestations of linguistic and non-linguistic phenomena. The paper describes the concept of LP, sufficiently developed by Yu.N. Karaulov, which seems representative for the purposes of the above. The urgency of the research lies in the direct consideration of LP from the standpoint of anthropocentric linguistics, viewing the interpreter’s activities directly in the heat moment of the situation, taking into account nonliguistic «unnoticed background» of discursive representations and new meanings of the context. The result of the overview of the analysis was the creation of a LP map of interaction, as well as a linguistic description of linguistic units and structures in the form in which they are present in the consciousness of the LP subject. After analyzing two text-interviews of conference interpreters, we identified and described features of the representation of LP. The practical advantages of the presented research describe individual fragments of adequate and inadequate translation choice, specifics of interpreters’ speech behavior, and the translation techniques and approaches used. In general, the analysis showed consistently objective results reflecting the actual manifestations of the LP of a simultaneous interpreter.

The article analyzes the content of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students. The purpose of the study is to identify the specificity of auto- and heterostereotypes of the Russians and the Chinese in their linguistic consciousness in order to determine the common and different aspects in the content of the images. The urgency of the study arises from the fact that in the process of intercultural communication, stereotypes can lead to the idealization or, conversely, to the rejection of the representatives of another culture. The main research method is a free associative experiment, as well as analysis and classification of the responses obtained. The words China, Chinese, Russia, and Russians were chosen as stimuli. The experiment involved 120 Russian and 120 Chinese students aged 18–25. At the first stage of the study, the most frequent associations to the stimulus words were identified, then all responses were subjected to content analysis and divided into thematic groups “Geography”, “Population”, “Culture”, “Language”, “Economy”, “History”, “People (appearance, character)”, “Personal attitude to the country”, “Other”. Then a comparative analysis of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students was carried out. As a result of the analysis of thematic groups, it was revealed that the autostereotypes of Chinese students are exclusively positive, and the autostereotypes of Russian students are predominantly positive, since they include a small number of negative responses. Autostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students are represented by a wider range and variety of responses than heterostereotypes, which is associated with a more detailed acquaintance with the described fragment of reality. During the experiment, almost 2 times more responses of the Russian students were received than the responses of the Chinese students, which indicates the evaluative nature of the Russian culture. Mismatched elements of the content of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russians and Chinese students were also revealed. The results of the study can be used in the training courses of intercultural communication, ethnopsycholinguistics, and in the practical work of employees of centres for sociocultural adaptation of foreign students.

The aim of the study is to characterize the motivating, conceptual, figurative and symbolic features of the concept BEAR in the zoomorphic code of the Even culture. Methods used in the work: the article uses the method of continuous sampling, the method of field ethnography, interviewing, as well as linguistic and cultural methods. Research results: representatives of the concept BEAR in the linguistic consciousness of the Evens are allegorical nominations formed from kinship terms, adjective, substantive and verbal lexemes. As a result of the study of the internal form of the words-representatives of the concept BEAR, 31 motivating signs were revealed. Cognitive features are expressed in the form of stable comparisons, formalized by the formants of similarity and comparison - gchin / -gichin, -kchin, -mdas / -mdes. In the Even picture of the world, the BEAR symbolizes the totemic ancestor, the owner of the earth, and the defining symbolic sign of the concept is strength, endurance, fortitude of spirit. Scope of the results: the linguistic materials and conclusions contained in the work can be used in special courses on ethnolinguistics, on Even linguocultural studies and also applied in lexicographic studies of the Even language and other Tungus-Manchu languages.

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the following research is to compare the image of globalization in linguistic consciousness among the Iraqi and Russian teachers. The research sample consisted of Iraqi and Russian teachers. The teachers were given a questionnaire consisted of 10 words and asked to write down their first reaction that comes to their minds when they see the words. After conducting the analysis, the researcher reached that the majority of reactions about globalization were positive. However, there were negative reactions for both teachers. In the light of the results of the current research, the researcher concluded a number of conclusion, including that the majority of reactions are positive- 59% for Iraqi teachers and 92% for Russian teachers- and the number of negative reactions of Iraqi teachers are more than Russian teachers- 41% for Iraqi teachers and 8% for Russian teachers- and a number of recommendations including conducting seminars on the concept of globalization and its impact on society and alerting about its benefits and risks. The researcher hopes that the analysis that he has presented here suggests more useful and accurate information and ideas about the image of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Opposition Us–Them in the Semantic Structure of Polish Paroemias This article presents the results of a study of the opposition us–them in the composition of Polish proverbs and sayings. This opposition is one of the domi­nant elements of paroemias and it is an integral part of the linguistic world­view. The article focuses on the description and analysis of the value content of the opposition under scrutiny as an element of Polish paroemias. It also presents peculiarities of its perception in the language consciousness of the Polish people and the reflection of these peculiarities in the context of paroemic units. Opozycja swój/obcy w strukturze semantycznej polskich paremii Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań nad opozycją swój/obcy w strukturze polskich przysłów i powiedzeń. Omawiana opozycja jest jednym z dominujących elementów paremii, jak również integralną częścią językowego obrazu świata. Artykuł skupia się na opisie i analizie treści wartościującej bada­nej opozycji jako elementu polskich paremii. Przedstawia również osobliwości jej postrzegania w świadomości językowej Polaków oraz ich odzwierciedlenie w kontekście jednostek paremicznych.

Beyond planning, the question of linguistic awareness is central in sociolinguistics, regardless of the number of languages spoken or written by an individual. We will consider how this linguistic awareness is awakened in the subject, at both intra- and interlinguistic levels. The perspective will then be broadened according to a summary typology based on languages in contact, environments and linguistic ideologies. Finally, moving from the speaker to the writer, we will analyse the forms of the "linguistic overawareness" that characterises him as a writer, translator or self-translator.

Статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей функционирования лексемы «корона» в сознании индивида посредством данных, полученных в результате свободного ассоциативного эксперимента, который проводился в два этапа с учетом способа восприятия испытуемыми предъявляемого стимула (аудиальный способ восприятия и визуальный способ восприятия). Анализ материала эксперимента позволяет сделать вывод о влиянии способа восприятия на актуализацию в ментальном лексиконе индивида заданного слова: несовпадение частоты однотипных реакций и их ранга, а также различия в составе и доле главных ассоциатов сравниваемых полей, выделенные тематические группы в большинстве случаев совпадают, но процентное соотношение этих групп существенно отличается.

Цель данной работы заключается в анализе концептуальных связей лексем, вербализующих концепт «судьба» в различных славянских языках. Применение методов этимологической и словообразовательной реконструкции, анализ словарных дефиниций, лексической сочетаемости и паремиологии позволило нам утверждать, что «семантический зародыш» слова судьба можно сформулировать как «процесс совместного говорения», который стал исходным при формировании концепта-сценария «суд», вербализованного аналогами лексемы суд во многих славянских языках. Именно сценарий суда стал прототипическим для осмысления судьбы человека как сценария его жизни, в котором события предопределены какой-то высшей трансцендентальной силой. Результаты приведенного анализа могут быть применены в лексикографической практике, при описании концептов «суд», «судьба», «речь» в языковом сознании славян, при составлении словарей данных концептов, а также при написании курсовых, выпускных квалификационных работ, магистерских и кандидатских диссертаций. Результаты анализа концепта «судьба» могут также найти применение при его сравнительном описании в неродственных языках.

The article focuses on a current issue in modern linguistics: linguistic consciousness. Linguistic consciousness refers to the outcomes of mental activity, perception and assimilation of information verbalized by means of the national language. Theoretical issues with the functioning of the term of "linguistic consciousness" in scientific circulation are clarified, and emphasis is given to the evolution, stages of formation of the linguistic consciousness in connection to social development. The national-language, social, ethnocentric as well as communicative varieties of linguistic consciousness in the diachronic aspect are considered. Linguistic analysis revealed the mechanisms of realization of linguistic consciousness in speech behaviour, determined by the communicative situation with its lingual content and representativeness of extra lingual parameters of the speaker, connection with intellectualized (adapted to a certain stage of language functioning, generalized, suitable for didactic purposes) abstract model of structuring socio-cultural linguistic forms. The following functions of linguistic consciousness are highlighted: reflective (generating a linguistic picture of the world and is realized in linguistic meanings, linguistic forms, and types of communication between words); evaluative (considering different types of evaluation); orientation-selective (providing orientation in the situation in order to choose the means of speech); interpretive (implemented in intralingual and interlingual aspects) (feedback mechanisms). Units of linguistic consciousness are concepts (ethnocentrisms), which are realized in the language by means of associative-verbal thesaurus: words, phrases, utterances, grammatical and logical categories, grammatical and text-forming forms, functioning of intentional-motivational mechanism. The key concept in different definitions of linguistic consciousness is the reflection (the attitude of the subject to the object: the subject enters the picture of the world as an observer, which records the space, time and other characteristics of the object and gives them a subjective assessment). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article makes an attempt to comprehend the cognitive-semantic approach to the Chinese language in the framework of its teaching and study in higher education, taking into account features contrasting to the Russian language. The main theoretical postulates of the Chinese language-study were formulated by the Russian sinologists in line with formal structural paradigms based on materials of Western languages and their level of language organization. This approach is reflected in most Chinese language textbooks. In this regard, the Chinese language is taught according to the patterns of teaching Western languages. This approach does not allow to fully master the language, as it does not take into account the semantic and cognitive disproportion of the basic units of languages. The basic unit of the Russian language is the word as its nominative and at the same time the main speech unit. In the Chinese language, according to our observations and analysis of the relevant literature, this role belongs mainly to a more fractional substantive unit, which in the dictionary, in the nomination, acts as the main unit of the language division of the world, and in speech can also act as a simple word and as part of more complex formation - words or phrases. In writing, this unit is presented in the form of a «zi» hieroglyph, figuratively or otherwise denoting certain objects of reality and conceptualizing them, which allows us to consider these «zi» as expressors of minimal concepts of Chinese linguistic thinking. For the first time in Russian linguistics, the article addresses issues related to these basic units in connection with teaching issues. At the present stage, there are practically no textbooks or techniques aimed at mastering these specific Chinese language units. The authors make an attempt to attract the attention of sinologists to this problem and to reconsider the existing views in a new cognitive-semantic vein. In this context, the necessity of reorienting teaching that reproduces the methodological and linguistic orientations applied in relation to the study of Indo-European languages to methodological orientations corresponding to the essential characteristics of the Chinese language as consistently isolated in type and specifically orientational in terms of mental and cultural grounds is substantiated. In this regard, there marked relevant issues are there proposed some ways to resolve them.

This article presents a linguistic and cultural analysis of the linguoculturemes ярәшү/yarashu (the promise of marriage, betrothal, engagement, betrothment) and никах/nikakh (marriage, wedding, conjugal unity, Muslim religious marriage ceremony) in the Tatar linguistic worldimage. These linguistic features reflect the specifics and systematization of the realities and rites of the Tatar people (никах уку/nikakh uky, кыз урлау/qiz urlaw, ябышып чыгу/yabiship chigy, калым бирү/qalim biry, etc.) related to by marriage and enter the linguoculturological field of the concept туй/tuy (wedding). They have also revealed the features (eloquence, the ability to win confidence, symbolicalness, information awareness, knowledge of human psychology; fixation, significance, religiousness, praise, patriarchy, material assistance, temperance, lack of alcohol, the fear of God, piety, proclamation, the blessing of elders) these linguoculturemes are marked with.The authors have come to the conclusion that the Tatar people consider marital relations to have priority, which are consistent with religion and legitimized by the state.

The research is carried out in the context of ethnolinguistics, which is aimed at analyzing nominations of ecosystem objects as means of presenting relations between language and culture, and in particular, specificity in their perception by various ethnical and subethnical (dialect) groups. The authors rely on two suppositions: though flora and fauna are reflected diacritically in linguistic consciousness of various dialect communities due to physical, geographical, social environment, there exist some universal lexical and phraseological language means to describe every object of nature. The purpose of the article is to determine the regularities in nomination of the cuckoo as a significant linguocultural representative of fauna. The material for the study was the card file of the Linguistic Atlas of Russian folk dialects, stored at the Institute for linguistic research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint Petersburg). The research has shown that the nominations of the cuckoo and the cuckoo chick have special implications in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian people. These units have onomatopoietic origin, they have undergone phonetic, derivational and semantic transformations in the Russian dialect continuum. Ornithonyms implement a binary semantic correlation, linking the sphere of living nature, to which they belong by denotative features, and the human character – the area where their development of connotative-contextual semantics leads, due to the specifics of the linguocreative thinking of the language personality.

The relevance of the study is determined by the anthropocentrism of the modern scientific paradigm of linguistics and the need to establish correlations of the constituents of linguistic consciousness and objects of the external world in the structuring and functioning of the conceptual metaphor in the literary text. Conceptual metaphor is a mental topological projection of interacting areas of linguistic consciousness and the surrounding world. The purpose of the article is to study the functional and pragmatic potential of metaphorical models built on the basis of the conceptual metaphor «Human Being – Nature» in a literary text. The material for the study was the literary texts of the novels of I.S. Turgenev’s “Rudin”, “Fathers and Sons”, “Smoke”, “Virgin Soil”, containing representative metaphorical micro and macro contexts. The complex of research methods includes the method of continuous sampling, deductive-inductive method, conceptual analysis, and the method of linguistic interpretation. The functions of metaphorical contexts, which are based on the conceptual metaphor Human - Nature, consist in the possibility of representing the inner world of characters, their general cultural potential, social status and origin; the use of metaphors in the speech of characters (external and internal) allows us to talk about the figurative perception of the world by these heroes, about the level of their emotionality and linguistic creativity, since metaphors are a kind of human thinking patterns. Analysis of the implementation of the conceptual metaphor «Human Being- Nature» in a literary text allows one to discover and describe the priority cognitive structures of the author’s linguistic consciousness and values ​​inherent in the individual author’s picture of the world. Research prospects are in the possibility of identifying priority conceptual metaphors in the individual author’s picture of the world on the basis of literary texts in order to identify and describe the dominants of linguistic consciousness and the value picture of the world of a particular author.

The article reveals the role of a foreign language / languages in the context of linguistic globalization and multiculturalism. The research featured the current attitude of German society to foreign languages and cultures. The authors believe that there is no contradiction between the modern multilingualism requirements and the promotion of German in the European community as a wholesome and stable language. As borders between languages become transparent, the development of linguistic consciousness acquires a special role. The research objective was to identify the motives behind borrowing that result from the needs of modern European community. The authors also explained the cases of incomplete or impossible assimilation of borrowings in German. They revealed some characteristics of English borrowings in German. For instance, hyphenation refers to the spelling of nouns borrowed from English. English verbs acquire German forms of weak verbs and their conjugation endings. Most borrowed nouns proved to have an unstable grammatical gender, while some of them are likened to German nouns and receive inflections. The syntagmatics of English adjectives is determined by English phonetics. The authors believe that the study of linguistic globalization will be useful to those interested in the development of European languages.

The purpose of this study was to define and to describe the semantic components of the stimulus word humour in the linguistic consciousness of young Russian-speaking people from Eastern Ukraine. The main method of the research was a psycholinguistic experiment. The sample comprised 400 young people (aged 20-31), males and females being equally represented. The experiment proved that the concept humour in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine is represented by four core semantic clusters: “laughter,” “joke,” “merry-making/joy” and “show.” Analysis of female and male associative fields shows that the semantic core of the word humour does not depend on the respondents’ gender identification. The results of frequency and cluster analysis have implied a number of the following conclusions. Firstly, humour and laughter form an inseparable unity of stimulus and reaction in the linguistic consciousness of respondents, although the psychological paradigm considers humour and laughter as two independent phenomena. Secondly, the cognitive component of humour was only reflected in the peripheral cluster “mind” of respondents’ associations. Thirdly, young Russian-speaking people from Ukraine do not have an ideal image of humour represented by a certain comedy show or relevant to any specific comedians. The generalised visualisation of humour is represented by reactions of the extreme periphery. Finally, comparative analysis of the verbalised concept humour in the linguistic consciousness of Russian-speaking population of Ukraine and people who live in Russia did not reveal any national-specific features in the perception of stimulus humour.

Aim. To compare the images of the region, actualized by toponymic stimulus synonyms “Kuzbass” and “Kemerovo region” in the language consciousness of young people.Methodology. The material of the study includes 723 associations obtained within the directed chain associative experiment, in which 100 students of Kemerovo State University participated.Results. The unification of one peripheral and several nuclear thematic sectors of associative fields based on reactions to toponymic stimulus synonyms “Kuzbass” and “Kemerovo region” was revealed.Research implications. The results of the study make a certain contribution to the development of psycholinguistic direction of research, touching upon the issues of stimulus variability. The theoretical value of the research stems from the identifying changes in the associations targeted by toponyms that were changed or merged, as in the case of Kemerovo region that was re-named officially as Kemerovo Oblast - Kuzbass three years ago.

Copyright of Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Slowianskiej is the property of Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Slavic Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is concerned with new linguistics trends associated with turning scientists’ attention from the study of language being a system autonomous from a person to the study of language being a phenomenon of human consciousness. The anthropocentric paradigm is premised on the idea that, as Baudouin de Courtenay noted «language exists only in individual brains, only in souls, only in the psyche of individuals». The anthropocentric paradigm is one of the leading ones in modern world linguistics. In different countries, there are numerous scientific schools basing on the anthropocentric paradigm. In the Russian Federation, one of the leading schools in this field is the Voronezh Scientific Theoretical and Linguistic School of General and Russian Linguistics, whose members have made a significant contribution to the development of psycholinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and linguoculturology. The article describes the theoretical and methodological foundations of experimental studies on linguistic consciousness based on the example of a project on creating a new differential empirical model for describing the meanings of proper names as phenomena of linguistic consciousness. The article also describes the concept of linguistic consciousness (the central object of linguistic research in Russia), options for its modeling (construction of simple and complex models of linguistic consciousness) and experimental methods for its study. It is stated that a simple model of linguistic consciousness is an associative field, and a complex model of linguistic consciousness has a psycholinguistic meaning. The article specifies the algorithm for their description.

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science & Education is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is devoted to comparing data on the results of associative experiments of different years. The main focus is on the conceptual core - the first ten words with the most associative links. It is reported that in 2013-2017, researchers of the Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafiev, with the support of scientific foundations, prepared the “Electronic associative dictionary of Yenisei Siberia”, which includes 29,550 associative fields based on the results obtained when 1000 respondents were presented (incentives were proposed by the team of the ethnopsycholinguistics sector of the Institute of Atomic Energy RAS under the direction of N. V. Ufimtseva). The article compares the obtained data with the materials of the conceptual core of other associative dictionaries of the Russian language of the XX-XXI centuries, such as the “Dictionary of associative norms of the Russian language” by A. A. Leontyev, “Russian Associative Dictionary” edited by Yu. N. Karaulov, “Russian regional associative dictionary-thesaurus” by G. A. Cherkasova, N. V. Ufimtseva. It is proved that the data of associative dictionaries indicate a change in indicators on the scale of values of linguistic consciousness of the Russian language native speakers. An attempt was made to identify the specifics of the everyday linguistic consciousness of Russians in a geographically limited community. The conclusion is made that the changes in the linguistic consciousness of Russians are caused to a greater extent by temporary rather than regional conditions.

The rationale for the present study is the research interest to one of the most wide-spread concept, self-reflection, which is a verbal and cogitative mechanism of the linguistic consciousness (individual and collective) and, at the same time, it reflects the conception of the worldview of the native English speakers. The concept semantics is explained on the material of the English language corpus. The authors analyze the structure of the verbalized concept in question. The study involved analysis of dictionary definitions and corpus analysis to identify the information content, sensory image component and interpretation field of the concept self-reflection. 443 texts form the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus and famous people’s utterances were subjected to the analysis. The research resulted in revealing cognitive attributes of the concept and the construction of its three-component structural and semantic scheme. The authors found out that the cognitive dimension of the English people consciousness assigns the following cognitive attributes to the concept self-reflection: sensory image: ability to judge, analyze, importance to a person, connection with human consciousness, degree of efforts made, time duration, degree of independence, frequency, effectiveness; careful and critical thinking, restoration of distorted communication, inner dialogue, critical review, rational form of thinking, careful analysis, basis for self-improvement, self-comprehension, systematic character; information content: thinking about yourself; interpretation filed: testing your ideas, self-testing, self-development, obtaining happiness and success, quality of a mature personality, way to freedom, light.

This contribution explores the representation of the verbal image of aggression in the texts of the English-language digital mass media. The research is based on the quantitative and qualitative semantic analyses of 174 authentic English texts (journalistic reports and newspaper articles) produced during the period of 2013-2015 and selected on the basis of special criteria, which were elaborated in our previous works on detecting descriptors of aggression in written texts. The aim of the research is to reveal the structural components of the verbal image of aggression reproduced in the worldview of Russian native speakers after reading English texts (British and American digital newspapers articles) and to find out if the resulting cognitive model refers to the real act of aggression. The paper contributes to the research field of psycholinguistics, emphasizing the need to support people’s psychological health in the context of an aggressive media environment, which produces high psychological tension. The research methodology is based on a modified associative experiment procedure, which involves 98 native speakers of Russian (university students majoring in linguistics and translation). The obtained results demonstrate a great variability of the structural elements of aggression verbalized in mass media texts. They also indicate that the focus of the reader’s attention is deliberately shifted towards the formation of a hostile cognitive model of the world, with the aggressor and the third party involved in the aggressive act in the center of the battlefield, and the victim of aggression on the periphery. The findings are illustrated by textual examples from authentic British and American newspaper articles and supplied with the author’s commentaries.