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ObjectiveTo determine the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection status and possible influencing factors among healthy women aged 18‒45 years, and to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer.MethodsA total of 23 HPV types were examined by PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization in 1 210 healthy women who voluntarily participated in the study. Infection status of each HPV genotype and possible factors associated with the infection were determined, including age, ethnicity, marital history, pregnancy history, number of sexual partners, and age at first sexual intercourse.ResultsA total of 1 210 healthy women were examined, of which 267 tested positive for HPV, with a prevalence of 22.07%. The prevalence did not differ significantly across age groups or ethnicities (all P>0.05). Moreover, the highest prevalence was found in the divorced/widowed participants (53.57%), compared with other marital status (χ2=35.16, P

The natural vegetable oil known as Korean pine seed oil is well-known for its high content of being various unsaturated fatty acids, including oleic, linoleic and pinopuric acid. It has been proved that Korean pine seed oil has several physiological benefits such as lowering blood lipids, enhanceing immunity, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and anti-tumor. This review summarized the extraction methods and pharmacological effects of Korean pine seed oil in recent years, and put forward good suggestions for its application in edible oil and industrial production.

Objective To evaluate the reliability, validity and diagnostic accuracy of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Epilepsy Algorithm (CLSA-EA) questionnaire (Chinese version) in screening Chinese adult epilepsy. Methods From August to October 2022, a total of 384 subjects and patients were included, who were respectively screened from urban and rural communities in Chengdu, Sichuan, and Department of Neurology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The CLSA - EA questionnaire (Chinese version) was used for the survey. Epilepsy was diagnosed according to 2014 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria. Kappa coefficient and Cronbach's α coefficient were used to evaluate testretest reliability and internal consistency, respectively. Construct validity was used to test validity. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic consistency κ value were calculated by confusion matrix method to evaluate the effect of screening. Results Finally, 348 questionnaires were obtained, including 190 epileptic cases (54.60%) and 158 nonepileptic cases (45.40%), of which 244 were retested subjects, including 123 epileptic cases (50.41%) and 121 non-epileptic cases (49.59%). Retest reliability analysis in epileptic cases showed that the consistency of items Q3a, Q3bⅲ , Q3bⅳ , Q4a and Q4b in CLSA-EA questionnaire (Chinese version) had moderate consistency (0.400 ≤ κ < 0.750; P = 0.000, for all). Items Q1, Q2, Q3bⅰ, Q3bⅱ, Q3bⅴ, Q3bⅵ and Q3bⅶ had poor consistency (0.000 ≤ κ < 0.400; P < 0.05, for all). In non-epileptic cases, the consistencies of items Q2, Q3a, Q3bⅰ, Q4a and Q4b were moderate (P = 0.000, for all), Q3bⅴ and Q3bⅵ were poor (P = 0.000, for all), and no consistencies of Q3bⅱ , Q3bⅲ and Q3bⅳ were found (P > 0.05, for all). The internal consistency evaluation in epileptic cases showed that the internal consistency of all items and the sum of all items in the CLSA-EA questionnaire (Chinese version) were poor (Cronbach's α coefficient < 0.700). The internal consistency of items Q4a and Q4b for non-epileptic patients was also poor, but other items and the sum of all items were acceptable (Cronbach's α coefficient 0.700-0.800). The structural validity analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four factors was only 43%, and items Q1 and Q3a were not incorporated into the factors. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and consistency of CLSA -EA2 epilepsy determination algorithm were higher (> 0.900, for all). Conclusions The CLSA - EA questionnaire (Chinese version) has high sensitivity and specificity, which can guide the preliminary screening of epilepsy in China. However, the applicability, reliability and validity still need to be further considered.

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic have impacts on the prevalence of other pathogens and people’s social lifestyle. This study aimed to compare the pathogen, allergen and micronutrient characteristics of pediatric inpatients with pneumonia prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. Methods Patients with pneumonia admitted to the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology of Xinhua Hospital between March-August 2019 and March-August 2020 were recruited. And clinical characteristics of the patients in 2019 were compared with those in 2020. Results Hospitalizations for pneumonia decreased by 74% after the COVID-19 pandemic. For pathogens, virus, mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and mixed infection rates were all much lower in 2020 than those in 2019 (P

Objective To investigate the effect of moxibustion on Neiguan acupoint in preventing myocardial damage caused by anthracycline-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, and to explore the feasibility of moxibustion on Neiguan acupoint in reducing cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy. Methods A total of 80 breast cancer patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with EC-T (pirarubicin + cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel) regimen after surgery in the Department of Breast Cancer, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021 were selected and divided into control group (n=40) and experimental group (n=40) randomly. During the first four cycles of chemotherapy, both groups received dexrazoxane on the same day as pirarubicin. The experimental group received moxibustion on Neiguan acupoint for three consecutive days starting one day before chemotherapy. The electrocardiograms, cardiac function, levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score were observed before and after four cycles of chemotherapy. Results After four cycles of chemotherapy, the incidences of arrhythmia ［22.5%(9/40) vs 50.0%(20/40), χ2=6.545, P=0.011］ and QRS wave voltage decrease［27.5%(11/40) vs 55.0%(22/40), χ2=6.241, P=0.012］ in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. The cardiac function classification in the experimental group was better than that in the control group ( Z=2.388，P＜0.017). After four cycles of chemotherapy, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) increased in the control group, while LVEF and LVEDD changes were not significant in the experimental group. The cTnI levels, NT-proBNP levels, and KPS scores increased in both groups, and LVEF, LVEDD, cTnI, NT-proBNP levels, and KPS scores were better in the experimental group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Moxibustion on Neiguan acupoint has a significant protective effect on myocardial damage caused by chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, and can further improve myocardial function on the basis of dexrazoxane.

To address the flexible and economical peak shaving issue of power grid in the presence of large-scale renewable energy penetration, a multi-source complementary peak shaving scheduling method with detailed consideration of nuclear power risk quantification is proposed. Firstly, the mechanism of low load peak shaving for nuclear power is analyzed, and its peak shaving risk quantitative indicators are considered to balance its economical efficiency and safety. Secondly, a wind-solar-thermal-nuclear-storage based multi source complementary peak shaving scheduling model is established, which takes the minimum total operating cost as the optimization goal, and considers the loss of wind and solar power waste and the increased power generation cost of different power sources participating in peak shaving, and the mode is solved. Finally, case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed optimization scheduling model and its superiority. The results show the proposed method can achieve a 94.17% reduction in wind and solar waste compared to thermal power peak shaving and nuclear power peak shaving without energy storage participation, and a 1.26% reduction in carbon emissions. This indicates a significant improvement of the peak shaving ability of a high proportion of wind and solar power grid within multi source complementary mode. The proposed method provides a practical approach to realize economical and low carbon economy operation of multi source complementary system.

Accurate analysis of regional ecological quality and its drivers is crucial for the sustainable development of human society. The remote sensing eco-index (RSEI) has been widely used to monitor changes in ecological quality in many countries or regions, but it ignores the problem of declining air quality caused by economic development and population growth. Consequently, an improved remotely sensed ecological index (ARSEI) was developed to evaluate China's ecological environment quality by incorporating aerosol optical depth (AOD) into the index system. Additionally, a random forest regression model was used to rank the importance of ecological indexes in the ARSEI. Furthermore, a geographical detector was utilized to assess the impact of natural and socioeconomic factors on the spatial heterogeneity of the ARSEI in six geographic regions of China, identifying their primary drivers. The research findings revealed the following: (1) There are similarities and differences in the order of importance of ecological indicators in the ARSEI across the six geographic regions. (2) ARSEI values significantly increased in 24.70% of China's areas, primarily in the Northeast Plain, Loess Plateau, and Tarim Basin, while they significantly decreased in 5.35% of the areas, mainly in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the northern part of the Tianshan Mountains, eastern coastal cities, and central urban agglomerations. (3) Rainfall and vegetation conditions are the main factors affecting environmental quality in the Three-North region (XB, HB and DB). In the southern (XN, ZN and HD) regions, vegetation cover and land use change, population density and PM2.5 concentrations were greater than the influence of climate factors. The interaction of socioeconomic factors, including PM2.5, land use change, and population density had a greater impact on the spatial heterogeneity of the ARSEI in the southern regions. The results of this study can provide data support for the coordinated development of regional ecosystems and socioeconomics.

Abstract [Objective] This study aims to construct a reliable core germplasm of Pinus yunnanensis for timber wood, to enhance its breeding, development, and utilization, and to solve the problems of its distribution, high preservation cost, preservation difficulties, and hence promoting its utilization. [Methods] The original germplasm was derived from 780 sample plants of 26 natural P . yunnanensis populations, with 18 phenotypic traits serving as the original data. The study employed two distinct construction strategies, geographical perspective and an enhanced minimum distance stepwise sampling method, to assess the representativeness of the core germplasm constructed with different strategies. [Results] (1) The genetic diversity index of the germplasm subset, including 219 samples constructed from a geographical perspective, was significantly lower than that of the four subsets constructed by the enhanced minimum distance stepwise sampling method; however, it was slightly higher than the original germplasm. The germplasm subset and the original germplasm had MD value of 3.921%, VD value of 83.333%, CR value of 82.207%, and VR value of 99.482%. A principal component analysis of the original germplasm quality and the germplasm subset 18 traits revealed cumulative contribution rates of 79.376% and 82.163%, respectively; the germplasm subset distribution was relatively concentrated. (2) The enhanced minimum distance stepwise sampling method was utilized to construct four seed subsets with sampling ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Among these, the germplasm subset with a 20% sampling ratio proved to be the most effective, with a diversity index significantly higher than the original germplasm. The germplasm subset with 20% sampling proportion and the original germplasm had MD value of 6.363%, VD value of 83.333%, CR value of 91.099%, and VR value of 124.448%. A principal component analysis was conducted on a germplasm subset with a 20% sampling proportion, revealing a cumulative contribution rate of 83.539%, exceeding that of the original germplasm. The germplasm subset distribution range encompassed the entire sampling range. [Conclusion] Construction using different methods yield varying degrees of genetic diversity from the original germplasm, while both construction methods could represent the core collection of P . yunnanensis germplasm resources. The germplasm subset derived from the geographical perspective offers more advantages in collection, preservation, and renewal of these resources, which provided a method for the preservation of P . yunnanensis germplasm resources and the breeding of superior germplasm, offering a novel reference method for the construction of other germplasm resources.

Abstract Background To study whether the four locus gene model consisting of ADRB2 rs1042713, IL4 rs2243250, FCER1B rs569108 and L13 rs20541 can predict asthma of the Kazak children in Xinjiang, China. Methods Four single nucleotide polymorphisms about the 4 genes were genotyped in asthma group and control group of Han children and Kazak children respectively. The frequencies of different genotypes and alleles were compared between the asthma group and the control group in the two nationalities. Different risk genotypes for asthma were evaluated in the two nationalities. Results The differences about frequencies of genotypes in ADRB2 rs1042713 and IL4 rs2243250 and IL13 rs20541 between asthma group and control group were statistically significant in Han children, as were the frequencies of alleles in the 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, but there were no statistical differences in FCER1B rs569108(P > 0.05). For the Kazak children, no differences were existed among all the genotypes and alleles in asthma group and control group. For the Han children, more children were asthma high risk genotype in the asthma group than those in the control group and no difference was found in the Kazak children. Conclusions The four locus gene model consisting of ADRB2 rs1042713, IL4 rs2243250, FCER1B rs569108 and L13 rs20541 can predict asthma of Han children but not for the Kazak children in Xinjiang, which illustrating that the difference of asthma prevalence between different races is closely related to the genetic background.

Radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck, chest and axilla. However, radiotherapy inevitably causes damage to normal tissues at the irradiated site, among which damage to the brachial plexus nerve(BP) is a serious adverse effect in patients receiving radiation therapy in the scapular or axillary regions, with clinical manifestations including abnormal sensation, neuropathic pain, and dyskinesia, etc. These adverse effects seriously reduce the living quality of patients and pose obstacles to their prognosis. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the mechanism of radiation induced brachial plexus injury (RIBP) which remains unclear. Current studies have shown that the pathways of radiation-induced BP injury can be divided into two categories: direct injury and indirect injury, and the indirect injury is closely related to the inflammatory response, microvascular damage, cytokine production and other factors causing radiation-induced fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of RIBP occurrence and possible effective methods to prevent and treat RIBP.

Background Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, especially those targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1), is increasingly recognized as a highly promising therapeutic modality for malignancies. Nevertheless, the efficiency of immune checkpoint blockade therapy in treating glioblastoma (GBM) is constrained. Hence, it is imperative to expand our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms behind GBM immune escape (IE).Methods Protein chip analysis was performed to screen aberrantly expressed OMA1 protein in PD-1 inhibitor sensitive or resistant GBM. Herein, public databases and bioinformatics analysis were employed to investigate the OMA1 and PD-L1 relation. Then, this predicted relation was verified in primary GBM cell lines through distinct experimental methods. To investigate the molecular mechanism behind OMA1 in immunosuppression, a series of experimental methods were employed, including Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), mass spectrometry (MS), immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR.Results Our findings revealed that OMA1 competitively binds to HSPA9 to induce mitophagy and mediates the IE of GBM. Data from TCGA indicated a significant correlation between OMA1 and immunosuppression. OMA1 promoted PD-L1 levels in primary cells from patients with GBM. Next, the results of Co-IP and MS conducted on GBM primary cells revealed that OMA1 interacts with HSPA9 and induces mitophagy. OMA1 promoted not only cGAS–STING activity by increasing mitochondrial DNA release but also PD-L1 transcription by activating cGAS–STING. Eventually, OMA1 has been found to induce immune evasion in GBM through its regulation of PD-1 binding and PD-L1 mediated T cell cytotoxicity.Conclusions The OMA1/HSPA9/cGAS/PD-L1 axis is elucidated in our study as a newly identified immune therapeutic target in GBM.

【Objective】 Nitrogen loss from soils is a pervasive environmental issue facing agricultural production in many countries. In this paper, we studied the combined effect of rainfall and fertilization on nitrogen loss via surface runoff from paddy fields in attempts to improve nitrogen management and reduce the nonpoint source pollution of rice production in Southern China. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021 in a paddy field in Zhejiang province. It consisted of four nitrogen treatments: conventional nitrogen fertilization (N18), reduced nitrogen fertilization (N15), organic fertilization (OF). Without fertilization was the control. In the experiment, we measured surface runoff, total nitrogen concentration in the surface runoff. The rainfall data were obtained from a weather station on the experimental site. 【Result】 ① Annual rainfall and annual nitrogen loss were closely correlated, but linear regression analysis showed that daily rainfall and total nitrogen did not correlate significantly. Considering the delay between rainfall and nitrogen loss vial the surface runoff can make piecewise average daily rainfall positively correlated to nitrogen loss, with the regression coefficient ≥0.36. ② The effect of fertilization on nitrogen loss from the runoff was ranked in the order of N18>N15>OF>CK. ③ Structural equation showed that, when considering the delay between rainfall and nitrogen loss, the piecewise average daily rainfall, the runoff volume, rainfall interval, the interval between rainfall and fertilization, fertilization amount, and fertilizer types were the factors affecting nitrogen loss, with their standardized total effect being 0.264, -0.126, 0.078, 0.033, and -0.038, respectively. The rainfall affected nitrogen loss more than the fertilization, and the piecewise average daily rainfall and rainfall interval were key factors affecting nitrogen loss. 【Conclusion】 For rice-wheat rotation cultivation in Zhejiang Province, a short rainfall interval affected nitrogen loss via surface runoff from paddy fields more than an increase in rainfall. Applying organic fertilizer in the wet season can reduce nitrogen loss from the runoff.

Acoustic liner is an important component to reduce engine noise. In this work, the modal sound source characteristics of the pipeline under different flow fields were calculated and used as the input boundary for the background flow field calculation and sound propagation calculation of the Actran software, thereby establishing the sound propagation model. The influences of four structural parameters on the sound absorption effect of the muffler plate hole diameter, hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler plate thickness in the single-DOF acoustic liner and the double-DOF acoustic liner were studied respectively. The simulation results show that both degrees of freedom acoustic liners exhibit the phenomenon that the smaller the perforation diameter, the better the sound absorption performance within a certain range of hole diameter. The effects of hole spacing, honeycomb height, and muffler thickness on the sound absorption performance are varied with frequency, the double-DOF acoustic liner above 2500 Hz has large dissipation power and good sound absorption effect. Through the contrast verification in the flow tube test, the transmission loss of the acoustic liner of different structures under different excitation sources is compared, and a reasonable and credible simulation method is obtained.

Abstract Background A significant proportion of patients with epilepsy have an unknown etiology and lack effective targeted therapeutic drugs. Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) induces hypoxia and microembolism, leading to cerebral neurological dysfunction and increased epilepsy risk. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of PFO closure for relieving epileptic seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy associated with PFO. Methods/design Recruitment takes place at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China, for an open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. The trial will include 110 patients with refractory epilepsy and PFO. Disease diagnoses will conform to the diagnostic criteria of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) for refractory epilepsy and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) for PFO. Refractory epilepsy and high-grade right-to-left shunt (RLS) of the PFO will be further diagnosed using 24-hour video electroencephalogram and transthoracic echocardiography with contrast injection, respectively. Eligible participants require a secondary or higher volume of RLS. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200065681). Registered on November 11, 2022.

In this paper, median filtering and linear stretching are used to preprocess the classified ceramic images, respectively, and the LoG operator is utilized to detect the edges of ceramic photos. Combining the Hough transform and TMOAA algorithm to measure the edge length, thickness, and diagonal dimension of ceramics to obtain the basic elements of ceramic art design. The FAST algorithm is used to make up for the shortcomings of the SIFT algorithm in real-time, to extract the features of the overall image of ceramics and the vessel image, and then combined with the thinking framework of ceramic art design to generate the best conceptual model of ceramic art design. Extract and detect the ceramic vessel image and carry out similarity rate calculation, quantify the enamel color characteristics to generate a color design scheme, calculate the color difference value, and evaluate the aesthetic value of ceramic art design works from the perspective of ceramic art design aesthetics. Porcelain enamel color difference ΔE = 2.0369, ΔE ≤ 5.00~6.00, in line with the color quality standards, indicating that the color design scheme generated based on the color semantic elements has a certain applicability. Evaluating the best conceptual model of ceramic art design by aesthetic standards, the works generated based on the seven ceramic patterns have different aesthetic values and different forms, which meet the various demands for ceramic artworks nowadays.

With the development of the Internet, many art works are uploaded for people to enjoy. To make it more convenient for viewers to understand and analyze the content of art works. In this paper, we use the GNN graph neural network analysis model to extract the art style, creation period, color expression and other features of the works through the work feature saliency attention module, and classify them using the similarity metric. At the same time, we put forward the GNNMMVisRe model to explore the works from the visual multimodality. The analysis results concluded that the Impressionist style of art works had its heyday in the 18th-19th centuries, when the number of works reached 11,674. The Baroque classicism style reached its heyday in the mid-18th century with 5,921 pieces. In terms of color use, low saturation and low luminance color palettes were selected, with average values of 81.3% and 83.4%, respectively. Using the GNN model to categorize, analyze and study the art works improves the understanding and appreciation of the works. It is also significant for the further development of art.

The current lack of music core literacy in vocal music teaching needs to be solved, and this paper aims to improve this problem. In the paper, a hybrid attention module is added to the multi-channel of MFCC to extract the acoustic elements of the musical instruments, and after characterizing the musical instruments as a multi-view sequence, visual features and temporal features are fused, and a graph convolution module is added to extract the visual elements of the musical instruments, and the two are fused. After extracting the elements of musical instruments, the development of vocal fusion teaching of the two was analyzed by combining the gray correlation analysis method, and experiments were designed on the basis of which to investigate the extraction effect of the elements of musical instruments as well as the development of vocal fusion pedagogy. The results show that the average accuracy of instrumental elements of the multimodal extraction model is 0.919, which is improved by 0.17 compared with the Baseline classification accuracy, and the extraction accuracy can reach more than 90% for flute, percussion instrument, plucked instrument, wind instrument, suona, xiao, sheng, wind instrument, pipa, and erhu. The gray correlation of the fourth grade ranged from 0.75 to 0.88, with a high improvement in the same grade, and the gray correlation of different grades all ranged from 0.3 to 1.0, and the higher the grade, the better the development.

Background The incidence of dementia is gradually increasing in China. Lifestyle is an important modifiable factor for dementia, and the health belief model can be widely used to explain and predict health-related behaviors. Objective To analyze the impact of dementia prevention beliefs on health promoting lifestyle in Chinese adults, providing a scientific basis for the development of targeted dementia prevention regimens based on the health belief model. Methods An online survey was used for collecting data including sociodemographics, dementia-related knowledge and prevention beliefs as well as health promoting lifestyle level of 1 202 Chinese adults using a self-developed electronic questionnaire〔consisting of general information questionnaire, dementia prevention knowledge questionnaire (DPKQ), Chinese version of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) scale, and Chinese version of the revised Health Promoting Lifestyle ProfileⅡ (HPLP-Ⅱ R) 〕from February to March 2020. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of dementia prevention beliefs on health-promoting lifestyle. Results A total of 1 201 cases returned responsive questionnaires, with a response rate of 99.92%. The average score of DPKQ of the respondents was (7.46±2.85), and the rate of correctly answering the questions in DPKQ was 67.82%. The average total score and average item score of the MCLHB-DRR in the respondents were (92.67±12.68), and (3.43±0.47), respectively. The average total score of HPLP-Ⅱ R was (100.00±15.81). The HPLP-Ⅱ R scores were affected by five domain scores of the Chinese version of MCLHB-DRR (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and general health motivation), the total score of DPKQ, living area (rural or urban), education level and the history of contacting with dementia patients. Conclusion The health promoting lifestyle of adults is partially affected by partial dimensions of dementia prevention beliefs and some sociodemographic characteristics. Therefore, health care workers can provide preventive interventions for adults to prevent dementia based on the relationship between the health belief model and health-related behaviors.

The drag torque of the wet clutch affects the efficiency of the transmission, and the engagement torque of the clutch affects the reliability of the transmission. However, reducing the drag torque and increasing the engagement torque are generally contradictory. This study takes the wet friction clutch as the research object, and takes the inner diameter, outer diameter, radial groove depth, radial groove width and number of radial grooves, friction plate clearance of the wet clutch as the optimal design variables. The minimum drag torque and maximum engagement torque are the optimization objectives, the mathematical model of the optimization design is established, and the solution method of the optimization toolbox of Matlab is given. Taking a fracturing truck gearbox clutch as an example, the multi-objective optimization design is carried out. After optimization, the drag torque is reduced by 31.67%, and the engagement torque is increased by 33.51%. The results show that the optimization method used in this study is effective and can provide theoretical reference for the design of the friction plate structure and the optimization of clutch parameters.

BACKGROUND In an environment without foreign iodine food, the iodine content of water is an important index to measure the iodine intake of the human body, so the accurate determination of iodide content in drinking water has a crucial role in human health. The detection limit of ion chromatography-amperometric detection method is generally lower than that of conductance detection method, and the sensitivity is higher. This method is suitable for the determination of trace iodide in water, but the apparent peak time is later than that of the conductance detection method. Under the same test conditions, for the ion chromatography-hydroxide eluent detection method for the determination of iodide in water, the peak time is obviously better than that of the carbonate body eluent detection method. Using carbonate eluent to analyze iodide requires adding toxic organic improvers, which is complicated, difficult to elute, has a long analysis time, high detection limit and low sensitivity. OBJECTIVES IonPac AS23 column with alkanol-based quaternary ammonium functional group has strong hydrophilicity and can maintain high capacity in a wide pH range (0-14), which is suitable for hydroxide and carbonate leaching systems. Based on this, a method for the determination of iodide in groundwater by suppressed conduction-ion chromatography was developed. METHODS IonPac AS23 (4mm×250mm) anion analysis column and IonPac AS23 anion protection column, Dionex AERS 500(4mm) anion inhibited conductivity detector, HPIC separation method, were used to detect iodide in groundwater with 50mmol/L KOH eluent (hydroxide eluent, the product after conductivity inhibition is zero conductivity water, providing an ideal conductivity baseline) at a flow rate of 1.2mL/min (the concentration and flow rate of the eluent increased, and the retention time was shortened) and a suppressive conductance detector current of 125mA (the current increased, the instrument detection sensitivity increased). The sample volume was 250μL, and the samples were filtered through a 0.45μm water microporous filter membrane. 10mL of initial filtrate was discarded, and about 10mL of subsequent filtrate was collected. After that the iodide in the groundwater samples was detected. RESULTS The chromatographic peak separation was good, peak shape was symmetrical, and no trailing extension. The iodide peak emerged in 8.980min, the detection limit of the method was 0.5μg/L, the correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was 0.9998, and the linear range was wide (0. 01-2mg/L). CONCLUSIONS This method has a lower detection limit than that of the existing standard method for the determination of iodide in water, shorter peak time, and the detection range is better than that of the existing ion chromatography method. The experimental results show that the peak time is faster than that reported by its predecessors. This method is used to determine iodide in groundwater and is not disturbed by seven inorganic anions (F-, Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, SO42-, PO43-, Br-) in water. This method improves the accuracy of the determination of iodide in groundwater by alkanol-based quaternary ammonium functional group column AS23 under the hydroxide eluent system.

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are the first line of defense in the antioxidant defense system, and they play an essential role in various adversity stress adaptations in Rhododendron. In this study, 9 Rhododendron simsii SODs (RsSODs) and 11 Rhododendron delavayi SODs (RdSODs) genes were identified in the genomes of R. simsii and R. delavayi. Phylogenetic relationship analysis classified SOD proteins from two Rhododendron species and other related species into three subfamilies. The results of gene structure and conserved motif analysis show that SOD proteins are strongly evolutionarily conserved, and SODs of the same subfamily have similar motif distributions, positions, and lengths. Twenty-two light-responsive elements, eight phytohormone regulatory elements, five adversity stress-related elements, and three growth and development regulatory elements were detected in the RsSOD and RdSOD promoters. Quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that among the 20 candidate genes, except for RdCSD5, the other SODs were expressed in at least one of four tissues, and all of these gene family members had high expression levels in the leaves. We then investigated the response of the RsSOD and RdSOD gene families to high-temperature stress in combination with the following specific stressors: abscisic acid, ethephon, and hydrogen peroxide treatments, followed by high-temperature stress. Different degrees of upregulated expression of the detected SOD gene family members were found for exogenous reagent treatments and different times of high-temperature stress. Thus, we provide a basis for the further functional characterization of SOD genes in R. simsii and R. delavayi in the future.

BackgroundData-driven methods for power fault diagnosis heavily rely on the signal data quality of power sensors. The power systems in Tokamak fusion devices often operate in environments with complex electromagnetic field coupling, leading to the mixing of physical characteristic signals with a significant amount of inseparable noise in the collected data.PurposeThis study aims to mitigate the impact of noise on the final diagnostic results by proposing a multi-branch denoising network, termed Hierarchy Branch Denoising Convolutional Neural Network (HBD-CNN) that utilizes noise-resistant wavelet enhancement in conjunction with one-dimensional convolutional neural networks to accomplish power system fault diagnosis tasks under the influence of noise interference.MethodsFirstly, the signal decomposition function of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was incorporated into the network layer of the convolutional neural network (CNN), and the optimization of the traditional 1D-CNN network structure was deepened alongside the more robust exponentially linear unit (ELU) for noise. Then, a data multi-level structure was constructed based on prior knowledge to leverage and couple it with hierarchical classification modules within the network, hence the generalization capability of HBD-CNN was enhanced. Finally, preliminary validation of the architecture of this model was conducted based on the simulated power supply dataset.ResultsValidation results show that the fault diagnosis accuracy for the power converter reaches 98.31% when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 10 dB. Even at an SNR of 2 dB, the accuracy remains above 92%.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that HBD-CNN demonstrates excellent fault diagnosis performance and potential under noisy conditions.

Abstract Background Self-efficacy, one’s ability to deal with pain, disability, and other symptoms through self-management techniques, positively affect the quality of life in patients with chronic diseases. Pregnancy-related back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder pre- and postnatally. Hence, the study aimed to determine whether self-efficacy is associated with the development of back pain during pregnancy. Methods Between February 2020 and February 2021, a prospective case-control study was performed. Women with back pain were included. The self efficacy was assessed by the Chinese version of the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES). Pregnancy-related back pain was measured using a self-reported scale. No regression from pregnancy-related back pain is defined as a recurrent or persistent pain score ≥ 3 over a week around 6 months postpartum. Women experiencing back pain during pregnancy are classified according to whether having a regression. This problem can be divided into pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP) and posterior girdle pain (PGP). The differences in variables were compared between groups. Results A total of 112 subjects have completed the study finally. These patients were followed up with an average of 7.2 months after childbirth ranging from six to 8 months. 31 subjects (27.7%) of the included women did not report regression 6 months postpartum. The mean self efficacy was 25.2 (SD:10.6). Patients with no regression tended to be older (LBP:25.9 ± 7.2 vs.31.8 ± 7.9, P = 0.023; PGP: 27.2 ± 7.9 vs. 35.9 ± 11.6, P

Abstract Background The size and cost of outpatient capacity directly affect the operational efficiency of a whole hospital. Many scholars have faced the study of outpatient capacity planning from an operations management perspective. Objective The outpatient service is refined, and the quantity allocation problem of each type of outpatient service is modeled as an integer linear programming problem. Thus, doctors’ work efficiency can be improved, patients’ waiting time can be effectively reduced, and patients can be provided with more satisfactory medical services. Methods Outpatient service is divided into examination and diagnosis service according to lean thinking. CPLEX is used to solve the integer linear programming problem of outpatient service allocation, and the maximum working time is minimized by constraint solution. Results A variety of values are taken for the relevant parameters of the outpatient service, using CPLEX to obtain the minimum and maximum working time corresponding to each situation. Compared with no refinement stratification, the work efficiency of senior doctors has increased by an average of 25%. In comparison, the patient flow of associate senior doctors has increased by an average of 50%. Conclusion In this paper, the method of outpatient capacity planning improves the work efficiency of senior doctors and provides outpatient services for more patients in need; At the same time, it indirectly reduces the waiting time of patients receiving outpatient services from senior doctors. And the patient flow of the associate senior doctors is improved, which helps to improve doctors’ technical level and solve the problem of shortage of medical resources.

With the rapid socioeconomic development in China, increasing soil erosion caused by anthropogenic production and construction activities is taking place, which is characterized by short duration, high frequency, and great damage to its surrounding environment. Therefore, the regulation and control of soil erosion of anthropogenically disturbed parcels is an urgent task. This study proposes an improved model that combines the boundary constraint and jagged hybrid dilated convolution channel shuffling module (BCJHDC and the polarized self-attention (PSA) module for extracting anthropogenically disturbed parcels with soil erosion from high-resolution remote sensing images in Hubei Province. First, the PSA module is added to the encoder to better extract the feature information of the target object. Second, the BCJHDC module is used to extract multiscale semantic information from images and improve the boundary segmentation quality. Precision, recall, intersection over union (IOU), and F1 score (F1) are calculated to evaluate the model accuracy. The results indicate that our improved model performs well on the human-perturbed parcel extraction task, with an F1 of 87.92% and an IOU of 78.44%. Ablation experiments and application experiments suggest the validity of the applicability and the portability of our proposed improved model, respectively. Compared with the other seven advanced semantic segmentation models, our improved model has significant advantages. Overall, this study provides a valuable reference for policy formulation of water and soil conservation.

Radiation resistance poses a major clinical challenge in breast cancer (BC) treatment, but little is known about how long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) may regulate this phenomenon. Here, we reported that DUXAP8 was highly expressed in radioresistant BC tissues, and high expression of DUXAP8 was associated with poor prognosis. We found that the overexpression of DUXAP8 promoted radioresistance, while the knockdown of DUXAP8 expression increased radiosensitivity. Further studies revealed that DUXAP8 enhanced the radioresistance of BC cells by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and by repressing the expression of E-cadherin and RHOB through interaction with EZH2. Together, our work demonstrates that the overexpression of DUXAP8 promotes the resistance of BC cells toward radiation through modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and EZH2-E-cadherin/RHOB axis. Targeting DUXAP8 may serve as a potential strategy to overcome radioresistance in BC treatment.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the treatment of EGFR-TKI icotinib and the prognosis of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation. Methods Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who had EGFR19 and 21 gene mutations and were treated with EGFR-TKI icotinib were enrolled. The relationships of clinical features, EGFR gene mutation subtypes, and different sites with patients'prognosis were analyzed. Results A total of 101 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were included in this study, including 58 cases (57.4%) of EGFR gene exon 19 deletion mutation (EGFR Del19) and 43 cases (42.6%) of EGFR gene exon 21 point mutation (EGFR L858R). The objective response rate was 63.4%. The mPFS and mOS were 13 months and 27 months, respectively. In addition, the mPFS and mOS of EGFR Del19 and EGFR19 mutation 746-750 were higher than those of EGFR L858R and other EGFR mutations, respectively. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis showed that the number of metastatic sites and pleural metastasis were independent influencing factors of patients'OS (P=0.027; P=0.041). The mOS of patients with the number of metastatic sites ≤3 and without pleural metastasis were 29 and 27 months, respectively. Conclusion There is no significant difference found in overall survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with icotinib among different EGFR mutation subtypes and sites. Herein, the overall survival time is longer in patients with less than three metastatic sites and without pleural metastasis.

Soil water erosion has caused an enormous damage to agricultural production and ecosystems worldwide. Soil erosion exhibits certain seasonal variation patterns within year under the influence of multiple factors. In this study, we calculated the multi-year average monthly-scale soil erosion modulus from 2001 to 2019 to evaluate the soil erosion risk using the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) in the black soil region of Northeast China. The results showed that the average annual soil erosion modulus in this region was 8.53 t•ha−1•year−1, and the average monthly soil erosion modulus was 0.78 t•ha−1•month−1. The months of April-July and October were identified as critical periods for erosion, with erosion modulus values of 1.17, 1.89, 1.61, 1.13, and 0.93 t•ha−1•month−1 during these five months, respectively. High soil erosion was mainly distributed in southern Liaoning province and western Inner Mongolia, and these high erosion areas were mostly distributed in the regions with complex landforms, in grasslands, and in the southern temperate climatic zone. Among multiple driving factors, the topographic factor LS (L = slope length, S = slope steepness) was one of the dominant factors determining the spatial distribution pattern of soil erosion with 30 % of the contribution. The rainfall erosivity (R) and cover management (C) were the major factors driving significantly the intra-annual variation of soil erosion in Northeast China with 27.2 % and 28.9 % of the contribution, respectively. The intra-annual erosion varied with the rainfall and the vegetation growth, and the period of high erosion occurs in the early part of the wet season when the rainfall intensity increases and the vegetation growth is insufficient to protect the soil. Our findings highlight the need to take dynamic factors into consideration in the RUSLE model and the importance for identifying the areas at high erosion risk so as to take soil conservation actions.

Objective: To investigate the clinical role and biological function of receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIPK4) in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the expression and prognostic role of RIPK4 in OC using various public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Oncomine, and Kaplan–Meier plotter. In vitro studies included wound healing, cell migration and invasion, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis assays as well as vascular mimicry experiments. In vivo studies were conducted using subcutaneous and intraperitoneal xenografts. Results: Our findings revealed that RIPK4 was significantly overexpressed in OC tissue compared to normal ovarian tissue. Moreover, the overexpression of RIPK4 was associated with advanced-stage disease and a poor prognosis in OC patients. RIPK4 silencing resulted in significant inhibition of intraperitoneal tumor growth, invasion, and vascular mimicry in OC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of RIPK4 inhibited the epithelial–mesenchymal transition of OC cells both in vitro and in vivo by promoting the expression of E-cadherin and inhibiting the expression of N-cadherin. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that RIPK4 may function as an oncogene in the development and prognosis of OC.

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of conducting training of autism spectrum disorder （ASD） early screening skill on improving the ability to early identify ASD of medical staffs in primary care hospitals.MethodsIn September 2021， the training of ASD early screening skills was carried out for medical staffs from 20 primary care hospitals in Chengdu. After training， the training effect was evaluated. The numbers of referrals from primary care hospitals to superior hospitals， confirmed ASD as well as their average diagnostic age of children with ASD before and after training were used as evaluation indicators.ResultsAfter training， the number of children with suspected ASD referred by primary care hospitals was more than that before training ［（16.65±11.60） vs. （3.40±2.23）， t=5.431， P

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical efficacy of arthroscopic-assisted fixation using the Tight-rope system and clavicular hook plate fixation in the treatment of Neer IIB distal clavicle fractures. Methods We enrolled 48 consecutive patients with Neer IIB distal clavicle fractures who were treated at our institution from February 2016 and August 2020. These patients were divided into 2 groups based on the fixation method (16 cases with Tight-rope system and 32 cases with clavicular hook plate), and demographics and clinical characteristics of patients in different groups were compared. Results All 48 patients had functional outcome scores of the affected shoulder available at a mean of 23.8 ± 5.1 months, and there was a statistically significant improvement in the constant score, American shoulder and elbow surgeons (ASES) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score at the end of follow-up (p

Abstract Renal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality, and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common type of renal cancer. We attempted to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) mRNA and protein in KIRC patients. Clinical data along with RNA-sequencing data were downloaded from UCSC Xena. The Human Protein Atlas database was searched to reveal APOA1 protein expression profiles in KIRC and normal renal tissues. The TIMER database was applied to determine the correlations of APOA1 with immune cells and PD-1 and PD-L1 in KIRC. Ninety-one cases of KIRC patients and 93 healthy controls from our hospital were enrolled for clinical validation. Levels of APOA1 mRNA in KIRC tissues (N = 535) are not only lower than the levels in normal renal tissues (N = 117), but also in paired normal renal tissues (N = 72). High expression of APOA1 mRNA at the time of surgery was correlated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR 1.66; p = 0.037) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 1.65; p = 0.047), and APOA1 DNA methylation was linked to worse OS (HR 2.1; p = 0.001) rather than DFS (HR 1.12; p = 0.624) in KIRC patients. Concentrations of preoperative serum APOA1 protein were markedly decreased in KIRC patients compared to healthy controls (p

The oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 4 (ORP4L) is expressed in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is required for leukemogenesis. Here the authors show that ORP4L orchestrates the transport of the phospholipid PI(4)P from Golgi to the plasma membrane, contributing to PI3K/AKT hyperactivation and T-cell leukemogenesis.

Abstract Background To validate tumor volume-based imaging markers for predicting local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, who underwent induction chemotherapy followed by definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Methods We enrolled 145 patients with stage III–IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma in this retrospective study. Pre-treatment tumor volume (Vpre) and late-course volume (LCV) were measured based on the MRIs scanned before treatment and during the first 3 days in the sixth week of radiotherapy, respectively. The volume regression rate (VRR) was calculated according to Vpre and LCV. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify the cut-off best separating patient subgroups in assessing the prognostic value of Vpre, LCV and VRR. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Prognostic analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazard models. Results The LCV was 5.3 ± 0.5 (range 0–42.1) cm3; The VRR was 60.4 ± 2.2% (range 2.9–100.0). The median follow-up period was 36 months (range 6–98 months). The cut-off value of LCV determined by the ROC was 6.8 cm3 for LRFS prediction (sensitivity 68.8%; specificity 79.8%). The combination of LCV and VRR for LRFS prediction (AUC = 0.79, P 6.8 cm3 . Multivariate Cox regression showed LCV was the only independent prognostic factor for local control (HR = 7.80, 95% CI 2.69–22.6, P

Oenococcus oeni is an important microorganism in wine-making-related engineering, and it improves wine quality and stability through malolactic fermentation. Although the genomes of more than 200 O. oeni strains have been sequenced, only a few include completed genome maps. Here, the genome sequence of O. oeni SD-2a, isolated from Shandong, China, has been determined. It is a fully assembled genome sequence of this strain. The complete genome is 1,989,703 bp with a G+C content of 37.8% without a plasmid. The genome includes almost all the essential genes involved in central metabolic pathways and the stress genes reported in other O. oeni strains. Some natural competence-related genes, like comEA, comEC, comFA, comG operon, and comFC, suggest that O. oeni SD-2a may have natural transformation potential. A comparative genomics analysis revealed 730 gene clusters in O. oeni SD-2a homologous to those in four other lactic acid bacteria species (O. oeni PSU-1, O. oeni CRBO-11381, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum UNQLp11, and Pediococcus pentosaceus KCCM40703). A collinearity analysis showed poor collinearity between O. oeni SD-2a and

Timely extraction of high-quality photovoltaic (PV) panels from high-resolution remote sensing imagery can contribute to a comprehensive understanding of energy production, and supports global carbon neutrality and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing studies for extracting PV panels only focus on small-scale rooftop PV systems but not on large-scale PV systems composed of single or several PV panels or arrays. Furthermore, the currently available public datasets related to large-scale PV systems are limited by the coarse resolution of the imagery used or annotation scale and do not provide highly detailed footprints for PV panels or attributes such as the location, quantity, or area of these panels. To fill this gap, a novel semantic segmentation model (PVNet) for extracting high-quality PV panels from the densely distributed and regularly shaped PV panels in large-scale PV systems is proposed. PVNet consists of two modules, a Coarse Prediction Module (CPM) and a Fine Optimization Module (FOM). The CPM extracts complete regions of individual PV panels by fusing low-level local features with high-level global features, while the FOM optimizes the output of CPM by residual refinement to match extracted boundaries to ground truth. High-quality details from region to boundary of PV panels are obtained through joint supervision of CPM and FOM results. PVNet was trained on a newly annotated PV Panel Dataset and tested under four scenario conditions in China where the large-scale PV industry is growing rapidly. Qualitative and quantitative results show that PVNet can achieve the highest accuracy for PV panel extraction with F1socre higher than 0.88 and IoU higher than 0.79. Area-wide PV panel mapping and comparisons with existing PV footprint datasets demonstrate that PVNet is a feasible solution for obtaining high-quality geo-spatial databases of large-scale PV systems.

C9H10N3O9Eu, triclinic, P1‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 7.9645(5) Å, b = 9.2934(6) Å, c = 10.0409(6) Å, α = 66.8554(8)°, β = 72.9671(8)°, γ = 83.4968(9)°, V = 653.41(7) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0210, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0522, T = 296(3) K.

As a landscape with special significance, the landscape of fear exists in nature and human society. It has a huge ecological effect in biological system, and also has a profound impact on all aspects of material landscape and collective memory in man-land system. Landscape perception, landscape attitude and the interaction between landscape and human are important topics in contemporary geography research, but the research on the landscape of fear is still weak. Based on this, the study systematically sorts out the concept and research content of the landscape of fear, and discusses its application in tourism geography. The main conclusions of the study include: Firstly, the landscape of fear has formed fear ecology in the research from the perspective of ecology, and it is still in the exploratory stage in other disciplines. Although Tuan Yifu first put forward and studied the landscape of fear thoroughly from the perspective of human geography, the research on humanity society, geography and other related aspects is scattered. On the contrary, it is currently applied to ecological research and has rich research results. This shows that in addition to the maturity of its research in ecology, the landscape of fear in other disciplines remains to be explored. Secondly, under different disciplinary perspectives, the definition and research content of the landscape of fear are different, but in essence, its formation cannot be separated from the influence of subjective fear and external environment. On the one hand, the definition and research content of the landscape of fear in ecology are relatively consistent, which are animal predation risk perception. On the other hand, in other research disciplines, the concept and research content are mainly studied from the presentation form and perception of the landscape of fear between people and place/space. There are some differences in the research of the landscape of fear from different perspectives, but the "fear" perception of it must have an objective object that causes its fear. The landscape of fear is formed by the combination of subjective psychology and objective external. Thirdly, from the relationship among the landscape of fear, tourists and emotion, this paper finds that the application of the landscape of fear in tourism geography mainly focuses on emotional geography, dark tourism and emotional characteristics. There is no clear definition and research on the landscape of fear in tourism geography, but it can reflect the significance of the landscape of fear from the research contents such as emotional experience, dark tourism and memory of the place. Finally, the future prospects of the landscape of fear can be studied in tourism geography are as follows: 1) Based on its particularity, the landscape of fear in tourism geography will be discussed more deeply from different perspectives. 2) The psychological changes and emotional experience of tourists facing the landscape of fear can be studied. The emotional connection between man and land is one of the focuses of tourism geography research, and the landscape of fear integrates the complex emotions between people and landscape. And the emotional expression of the landscape of fear and the psychological impact of the landscape of fear on tourists can be studied. 3) Take dark tourism as the starting point to explore the landscape of fear. Dark tourism inevitably involves the research of tourism geography, and there is a certain connection between dark tourism and the landscape of fear. From the perspective of dark tourism, we can deeply explore the association with the landscape of fear, so as to better integrate the research of the landscape of fear and emotional geography. Although there is still a lack of research on the landscape of fear in humanity society, it has great research space. This paper combs and analyzes the landscape of fear and explores its application in the research of tourism geography, in order to enhance more attention and deepen its research in the field of tourism geography.

The photovoltaic (PV) industry boom has accelerated the need for accurately understanding the spatial distribution of PV energy systems. The synergy of remote sensing and artificial intelligence presents significant prospects for PV energy monitoring. Currently, numerous studies have focused on extracting rooftop PV systems from airborne or satellite imagery, but their small-scale and size-varying characteristics make the segmentation results suffer from PV internal incompleteness and small PV omission. To address these issues, this study proposed a size-aware deep learning network called Rooftop PV Segmenter (RPS) for segmenting small-scale rooftop PV systems from high-resolution imagery. In detail, the RPS network introduced a Semantic Refinement Module (SRM) to sense size variations of PV panels and reconstruct high-resolution deep semantic features. Moreover, a Feature Aggregation Module (FAM) enhanced the representation of robust features by continuously aggregating deeper features into shallower ones. In the output stage, a Deep Supervised Fusion Module (DSFM) was employed to constrain and fuse the outputs at different scales to achieve more refined segmentation. The proposed RPS network was tested and shown to outperform other models in producing segmentation results closer to the ground truth, with the F1 score and IoU reaching 0.9186 and 0.8495 on the publicly available California Distributed Solar PV Array Dataset (C-DSPV Dataset), and 0.9608 and 0.9246 on the self-annotated Heilbronn Rooftop PV System Dataset (H-RPVS Dataset). This study has provided an effective solution for obtaining a refined small-scale energy distribution database.

BackgroundThe association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with depression has been previously reported; however, the results are ambiguous due to imbalanced confounding factors. Propensity score-based analysis is of great significance to minimize the impact of confounders in observational studies. Thus, the current study aimed to clarify the influence of MetS on depression incidence in the U.S. adult population by using propensity score (PS)-based analysis.MethodsData from 11,956 adults aged 20–85 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2005 and 2018 were utilized. Using 1:1 PS matching (PSM), the present cross-sectional study included 4,194 participants with and without MetS. A multivariate logistic regression model and three PS-based methods were applied to assess the actual association between MetS and depression incidence. Stratified analyses and interactions were performed based on age, sex, race, and components of MetS.ResultsAfter PSM, the risk of developing depression in patients with MetS increased by 40% in the PS-adjusted model (OR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.202–1.619, P < 0.001), and we could still observe a positive association in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.172–1.596, P < 0.001). Regarding the count of MetS components, having four and five conditions significantly elevated the risk of depression both in the PS-adjusted model (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.341–2.016, P < 0.001 vs. OR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.626–2.699, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.56, 95 CI%: 1.264–1.933, P < 0.001 vs. OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.458–2.486, P < 0.001). In addition, an elevation in MetS component count was associated with a significant linear elevation in the mean score of PHQ-9 (F =2.8356, P < 0.001). In the sensitivity analysis, similar conclusions were reached for both the original and weighted cohorts. Further interaction analysis revealed a clear gender-based difference in the association between MetS and depression incidence.ConclusionMetS exhibited the greatest influence on depression incidence in US adults, supporting the necessity of early detection and treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with MetS (or its components), particularly in female cases.

A new six coordinated tetra-nuclear macrocyclic Zn(II) complex, ZnL4(Phen)2 (1) (HL= 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone, Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) has been synthesized by the self-assembly of 3-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde-pyridine-2-carbohydrazone, Zn(CH3COO)2•2H2O, NaOH and 1,10-phenanthroline in water/ethanol (v:v = 1:3) solution. Complex 1 was characterized by elemental analysis, infra red (IR), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results show that Zn1 and Zn1b ions are six-coordinated with a distorted octahedral geometric configuration by four O atoms of two different L ligands and two N atoms of two different L ligands, Zn1a and Zn1c ions are also six-coordinated with a distorted octahedral geometric configuration by two N atoms of two different L ligands, two N atoms of Phen ligands and two O atoms of two different L ligands. Complex (1) forms 3D network structure by the - interaction. The selective oxidation reactions of benzyl alcohols catalyzed by complex (1) was investigated. The highest benzyl alcohol conversion and benzaldehyde selectivity were obtained at 100 °C for 4 h under 5 bar of O2. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Abstract Background T helper 17 (Th17) cells actively participate in the tumor immune response in lung cancer. However, the heterogeneity and plasticity of intratumoral Th17 cells in lung cancer remain elusive. In this study, Th17 subpopulations were characterized in a mouse lung cancer model. Methods Urethane was administered to induce lung cancer in interleukin (IL)‐17‐EGFP transgenic mice. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotypes, signaling status, and functions of Th17 subpopulations either in vivo or in vitro. The adoptive transfer assay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction were applied to analyze the plasticity of Th17 subpopulations. Results IL‐6RαhighCD27− Th17 and IL‐6RαlowCD27+ Th17 were identified in intratumoral Th17 cells. The two subpopulations expressed equivalent RORγt. However, the former expressed higher T‐bet but lower Foxp3, more IL‐17A and IFN‐γ but less IL‐10 than the latter. Furthermore, IL‐6RαhighCD27− Th17 moderately inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells while IL‐6RαlowCD27+ Th17 could not. IL‐6RαhighCD27− Th17 exhibited weaker Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNK) signaling but stronger signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) signaling than IL‐6RαlowCD27+ Th17. The adoptive transfer assay indicated that both subpopulations downregulated RORγt in recipients' spleens but maintained RORγt in recipients' lungs. Meanwhile, IL‐6RαhighCD27− Th17 expressed higher T‐bet and IFN‐γ than IL‐6RαlowCD27+ Th17 in the recipients. IL‐6RαlowCD27+ Th17 expressed Foxp3 and IL‐10 in recipients' spleens but not lungs. Conclusions This study reveals intratumoral Th17 subpopulations with distinct functional properties and signaling patterns, thus offering valuable insight into Th17 heterogeneity and plasticity in lung cancer.

The unsaturated permeability curve is governed by the pore-size distribution curve, which can be used to predict the permeability curve. In order to investigate the applicability of this method for compacted loess, three groups of compacted loess samples with different dry densities were prepared. The pore-size distribution (PSD) curves of soil samples were measured using mercury injection porosimeter test. The unsaturated permeability curves of soil samples were measured by small soil column equipment designed by our research group. Then the PSD curves were used to predict the permeability curves and compared with the measured data from soil column test. The results show that the permeability curves of compacted loess can be divided into a low matric suction stage dominated by capillary water, and a high matric suction stage dominated by adsorbed water. In the low suction stage, the permeability curves of the three soil samples differ greatly. While in the high suction section, the permeability curves of the three soil samples coincide, indicating that the permeability of the high suction section has nothing to do with the density of soil. In addition, the predicted results of three groups of soil samples are in good agreement with the measured data in the low suction section, but the predicted results in the high suction section are smaller than the measured results. It can be seen from the principle of the prediction method that this method is suitable for capillary water but not for adsorbed water. Therefore, a modified method is proposed for the prediction of permeability curve in the high suction section, and the modified method can describe the permeability curve in the whole matric suction range.

Objective To investigate the effect of down-regulation of ribosomal protein l15 (rpl15) gene on early hematopoietic development in zebrafish. Methods The rpl15 morphilino antisense oligo (MO) was designed and synthesized to down-regulate the expression of rpl15 by microinjection into embryo of zebrafish (0~0.75 hpf) at the unicellular stage. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the effectiveness of down-regulating rpl15 gene. The development of the injected (MO) and wild-type (WT) groups were observed separately using a somatic microscope. O-dianisidine staining was used to detect the expression of hemoglobin. qRT-PCR was used to detect the changes in the expression of the red lineage-specific transcription factors hbae3 and hbbe1. Whole embryo in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR were performed to detect the changes in the expression of key transcription factors of early hematopoietic development such as red lineage-specific transcription factor gata1, myeloid transcription factor pu.1, granulocyte marker mpo, targeted he matopoietic marker transcription factors runx1 and c-myb, and primitive group cell hematopoietic markers scl and lmo2. TUNEL assay was used to detect the changes of apoptosis in hematopoietic group. Results Microinjection of rpl15 MO successfully down-regulated the expression of rpl15 in zebrafish, and the MO-injected group exhibited abnormal phenotypes such as body segment curvature, developmental delay, and pericardial edema when compared with the control group. Hemoglobin synthesis was significantly reduced in the MO group than the control group. The results of in situ hybridization indicated that the expression of gata1 was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), but the mRNA levels of pu.1, mpo, runx1, c-myb and lmo2 were not affected, while that of scl was obviously reduced (P < 0.05). TUNEL assay showed no significant change in apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Conclusion Down-regulation of rpl15 inhibits the early hematopoietic development of zebrafish, and it may be related to the significantly reduced expression of gata1 and scl.