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The application of nanotechnologies in alkali-activated materials can significantly improve their performance. In this study, the effects of nano-TiO₂ on the hydration process, hydration products, and microstructure of alkali-activated steel slag - slag materials were analysed using techniques such as hydration heat analysis, infrared spectroscopy and SEM. The results show that the addition of nano-TiO₂ significantly enhances the mechanical properties of alkali-activated steel slag - slag materials at different curing ages. The improvement in the early-stage strength can be mainly attributed to the pronounced nucleation-inducing effect of nano-TiO₂, which accelerates the hydration reaction. The enhancement in the later-stage strength is attributed to the filling effect of nano-TiO₂, as well as the induction of the formation of more gel products, optimising the pore structure and increasing the compactness of the matrix.

Abstract The diagnosis of leukemia is a serious matter that requires immediate and accurate attention. This research presents a revolutionary method for diagnosing leukemia using a Capsule Neural Network (CapsNet) with an optimized design. CapsNet is a cutting-edge neural network that effectively captures complex features and spatial relationships within images. To improve the CapsNet's performance, a Modified Version of Osprey Optimization Algorithm (MOA) has been utilized. Thesuggested approach has been tested on the ALL-IDB database, a widely recognized dataset for leukemia image classification. Comparative analysis with various machine learning techniques, including Combined combine MobilenetV2 and ResNet18 (MBV2/Res) network, Depth-wise convolution model, a hybrid model that combines a genetic algorithm with ResNet-50V2 (ResNet/GA), and SVM/JAYA demonstrated the superiority of our method in different terms. As a result, the proposed method is a robust and powerful tool for diagnosing leukemia from medical images.

ObjectivesThe absorption and regeneration properties of different formulations of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) mixed with different diamines were studied.MethodsIn the simulated flue gas environment with 12% CO2 and 88% N2, MDEA was used as the main agent, while ethylenediamine (EDA), 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (MAPA), aminoethylethano-lamine (AEEA), N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) and 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMPDA) were added as activators, respectively. Under a total amine concentration of 40%, the chemical absorbent was configured with mass ratios of main agent to activator of 1∶1, 2∶1 and 3∶1, respectively. The absorption rate, regeneration rate and circulation capacity of different absorbers were determined by comparing bubble absorption and oil bath regeneration experiments.ResultsMDEA-EDA system has the best absorption property when the mass ratio of MDEA to EDA is 1∶1. The MDEA-DMEDA system has the best regeneration property when the mass ratio of MDEA to DMEDA is 2∶1, with a circulation capacity reaching 1.7 mol/kg. The overall properties of MDEA-AEEA system are optimized when the mass ratio of MDEA to AEEA is 1∶1, with a cycle capacity reaching 1.49 mol/kg.ConclusionsThe research results can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation optimization of mixed amine solutions in industry.

Breaking through the company’s own green knowledge barriers through school-enterprise cooperation has become an important means for companies to expand market competitive advantages and environmental governance. This article uses China’s non-financial listed company data from 2010 to 2021 to study the causal effect of school-enterprise cooperation on corporate green innovation. The results passed a series of robustness tests and confirmed that school enterprise cooperation can improve the level of green innovation of enterprises. This paper also uses the instrumental variable method to mitigate the causal relationship between the two. The results show that school-enterprise cooperation can still significantly improve corporate green innovation. The results of the mechanism test confirm that school-enterprise cooperation will promote corporate green innovation by reducing corporate green innovation risks and easing corporate financing constraints. At the same time, the heterogeneity analysis results show that school-enterprise cooperation has a better effect on improving green innovation for enterprises in heavily polluting industries, enterprises in years with low economic policy uncertainty, and enterprises with a high degree of government-enterprise connection. The findings of this article help to understand the intrinsic mechanism between school-enterprise cooperation and corporate green innovation, and confirm that school-enterprise cooperation can improve the climate and environmental innovation system, which has important practical significance for the construction of the industry-university-research system.

Abstract Background To evaluate the safety and efficacy of camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin in the neoadjuvant treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 patients with borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer who received neoadjuvant treatment with camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022. Of these, 20 patients underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment. Results Overall, 88.9% (24/27) of patients completed neoadjuvant treatment. The objective response rate was 79.2% (19/24) according to the RECIST criteria. Of the 20 patients who underwent surgery, the R0 resection rate was 95%, and 35% (7/20) achieved pathological complete response (pCR). During neoadjuvant treatment, 30% (6/20) of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs), and 20% (4/20) had grade ≥3 postoperative complications. There were no cases of reoperation or perioperative mortality. Conclusion Camrelizumab plus albumin paclitaxel and carboplatin were found to be safe and effective in the neoadjuvant treatment of borderline resectable or unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer. It was observed to improve the rate of curative resection without increasing perioperative complications.

In this study, the joint simulation flow of Adams and AMESim on the kinematics and contact dynamics of the marine high-power hydraulic drive gear clutch is studied, and the joint simulation interactive operation interface is developed. With the given parameters, the visual calculation results can be output. The simulation results show that the dynamic characteristics and impact load of the gear clutch during the axial engagement are affected by the torsional stiffness of the active end and the end face structure of the gear. The maximum opening pressure of the pressure reducing valve is 2.5 MPa, and the maximum thrust under this pressure is 1.884×105 N. When the inner and outer rings collide, the oil pressure will rise rapidly. If the flow of the pressure reducing valve is insufficient, the oil inlet will leak. After multiple joint simulations, it is found that the clutch engagement and disengagement process can be completed around 4 s when the inlet pressure is between 0.008 MPa and 0.01 MPa.

Abstract With the development of intelligent transportation technology, road travel time prediction has become an important research direction. Owing to the complex periodic dependence and non‐linear features of road travel time series, achieving accurate and effective predictions remains a challenging task. Most existing traffic sequence prediction methods lack modelling of the dynamic correlation between multiple period information, resulting in unsatisfactory prediction results. To address this, a multi‐component attention graph convolutional network (MCAGCN) is proposed for road travel time prediction. First, the spatial‐temporal features of three historical components (hourly, daily and weekly) are modelled individually. A skip attention layer is then used to fuse multi‐scale spatial‐temporal features to enhance the model's feature extraction capabilities. Secondly, a component attention layer is proposed to calculate the correlation between different components using the temporal features of the prediction moment, to achieve dynamic modelling between different period information. The experimental results on the Tianchi, METR‐LA, and PeMS‐BAY datasets, which are real‐world traffic forecasting datasets, demonstrate the superiority of MCAGCN.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate different discriminant analysis models for pseudo-mixtures of walnut oil and rapeseed oil. Methods: Gas chromatography technology was used to analyze the fatty acid content in the adulterated mixture of walnut oil and rapeseed oil. Chemical stoichiometric methods were used to model the gas chromatography data, and discriminant analysis was performed on different proportions of walnut oil and rapeseed oil mixtures. Results: Pure walnut oil and adulterated walnut oil were distinguihed by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified, and percentage of adulteration in the sample was calculated. 83.33% of the samples were successfully categorized using the Bayes discriminant analysis. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) achieved 87.50% discrimination accuracy. Based on the BP neural network model for discriminant analysis, the accuracy of the training set was 84.21% and the accuracy of the test set was 80.00%. For both the training and testing sets, the genetic algorithm-based discriminant analysis using an optimized support vector machine (SVM-ga) achieved 100% accuracy. Conclusion: Multiple analytical models can identify the adulteration ratio of walnut oil and rapeseed oil to varying degrees, among which the SVM-ga model had the best prediction accuracy.

Objective: Solve the problems of low detection efficiency and poor accuracy in existing food freshness recognition methods. Methods: Based on the food production line image acquisition system, an improved residual neural network model was proposed for food freshness recognition on the production line. The improved LRELU activation function was introduced to improve the recognition performance of the model, the batch normalization layer was introduced to improve the training efficiency of the model, and the Dropout layer was introduced to discard a certain proportion of neurons to reduce the impact of over fitting. Results: Compared with conventional food freshness recognition methods, the experimental method could accurately and efficiently achieve food freshness recognition, with an overall freshness recognition accuracy of ＞97%, average recognition time of 9.8 ms, which meet the needs of food production lines for freshness recognition. Conclusion: The detection method based on deep learning is a non-destructive, efficient, and high-precision method for recognizing the freshness of food images.

Objective To investigate the effects of nutritional therapy on body composition in overweight/obese children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during the treatment with glucocorticoid (GC). Methods The SLE children (7-18 years old) who received GC treatment and were overweight/obese admitted in our hospital from December 2018 to June 2022 were recruited in this study. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria and signing the informed consent form, all subjects were included in the observation group. Then, nutrition therapy was given with an energy target of the 90% of the level recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents according to ages. After the intervention for 24 weeks, a break for 6 months was given to these subject in order to avoid information exchange among them. Subsequently, our inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed again to recruit the subjects in the control group. The children from the control group were only given nutrition education. All these participants were followed up by clinic visits at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after intervention. Main observation indicators included anthropometric measurement, results of laboratory tests, and dosage of GC. Results There were 60 SLE children enrolled in this study, and 40 in the observation group and 20 in the control group. No statistical differences were found in baseline data (sex ratio, age, BMI and dosage of GC) between the 2 groups. No differences were seen in body fat percentage (BPF) and visceral fat area (VFA) at baseline between the 2 groups. But the 2 indicators were decreased in the observation group (P < 0.05), and increased in the control group (P < 0.05) in 12 and 24 weeks after intervention. The dosage of GC was declined in both group in 12 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Nutritional therapy can improve BFP and VFA in overweight/obese SLE children during the treatment with GC.

The metasurface based beam-steering devices with the advantages of large steering angles, arbitrary channels and ultra-compactness have played an important role for data allocation and exchange in the optical wireless communication. However, the current metasurface based optical wireless communication systems are mainly on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD), which shows a relative lower transmission capacity, lower received optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and complexity of system. In this study, a bidirectional multichannel optical wireless system enabled by a polarization independent metasurface with coherent modulation and reception is designed and experimentally demonstrated, which exhibits exclusive 100 Gbps coherent optical signals to multiusers with their own wavelengths, 2 m free space distance and field of view of 20° × 20°. In addition, the proposed system can support optical broadcasting system with capacity of 900 Gbps. The demonstrated metasurface assisted optical wireless communication system merges the optical coherent communication techniques and emerging concept of metasurface, which reduces the complexity and cost of the system while contributing a high transmission capacity, opening a new avenue for high performance optical wireless communications.

Objective To design and prepare mRNA-peptide-poloxamine ternary complex (mRNA-PPTC) nanoparticles and explore their physicochemical properties, in vitro/vivo delivery efficiency, and induction of specific antibody production in immunized mice. Methods The mRNAs coding firefly luciferase (F-luc), enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) were prepared through in vitro transcription. The size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential of the mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles were studied with dynamic light scattering, and their morphology was observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After F-luc reporter gene was loaded in the mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles, the obtained F-luc mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles were used to transfect human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE, mouse dendritic cell line DC2.4 and mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7. The transfection efficiency and cell viability were observed with luminescence reporter assay. Fluorescence microscopy was employed to observe the expression of EGFP in EGFP mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles-transfected 16HBE cells. In vivo imaging system was adopted to investigate the delivery efficiency through the intranasal administration in mice. Then, RBD mRNA was used as antigen for vaccine preparation, the levels of specific IgG in the serum and sIgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected with ELISA after the mice were immunized with RBD mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles. Results Our mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles were successfully assembled, as weak cationic nanoparticles in sphere shape, in a diameter of about 100 nm, and with low PDI. The obtained mRNA-PPTC could effectively transfect 16HBE, DC2.4 and RAW264.7 cells (vs controls, P < 0.01) with low cytotoxicity. The mRNA-PPTC nanoparticles effectively expressed the reporter gene F-luc in the nose and lung of mice immunized though an intranasal route (vs controls, P < 0.01). High titers of antigen-specific IgG and sIgA were found in the serum and BALF from the mice in 28 d after intranasal immunization with RBD mRNA-PPTC (vs controls, P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Conclusion Our prepared mRNA-PPTC have good capacity to delivery mRNA in vitro without significant cytotoxicity and in vivo at respiratory mucosal site, and can induce high levels of specific serum IgG and BALF sIgA by intranasal inoculation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidation and synergistic effect of flavonoid extract of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Methods: DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of flavonoids extract from Z. armatum, and the synergies of flavonoids extract with vitamin C and rutin complex were studied by adding method. Results: The semi-inhibitory concentrations of DPPH free radical and ABTS free radical IC50 were 0.03 and 0.062 mg/mL, respectively, showing strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of the complex composed of flavonoid extract and vitamin C or rutin was high, and the antioxidant activity of the complex composed of vitamin C and flavonoid extract was higher than that of rutin and flavonoid extract when the ratio was 1∶1. Conclusion: The flavonoids of Z. armatum have strong antioxidant activity, and their complex composed of vitamin C and rutin can improve the scavenging capacity of DPPH free radical and ABTS free radicals. The extracted flavonoids have antioxidant synergistic effect, and can be used as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

BackgroundThe incidence of cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorder is high， and the causes and mechanisms of which deserve more attention. It is usual that the thyroid hormone levels in patients with depressive disorder alter. Further research is needed to explore whether the cognitive function changes in patients with depressive disorder are related to thyroid hormone levels.ObjectiveTo explore the improvement of cognitive function in patients with first-episode depressive disorder after escitalopram and paroxetine treatment， and to analyse its correlation with thyroid hormone levels， so as to look for potential biomarkers of cognitive function change in patients with depressive disorder.MethodsFrom March 2021 to March 2022， 120 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） for depression and were hospitalized at Shandong Mental Health Center were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into two groups by random number table method with 60 patients in each group. The two groups were treated with escitalopram （starting dose 5 mg/d） and paroxetine （starting dose 20 mg/d） for 6 weeks. Before and 6 weeks after the treatment， levels of thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）， free thyroxine （FT4） and free triiodothyronine （FT3） were tested respectively. Depression degree and cognitive function level were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） and Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）， respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the MoCA score difference before and after the treatment and the post-treatment level of thyroid hormone.ResultsBefore and 6 weeks after the treatment， the time effect of HAMD-17 total score in both groups was statistically significant （F=1 236.568， P

In order to study the effects of microstructure and mechanical properties of 20Cr carburized steel high-speed linear guide under different aging treatment conditions, the microstructure, phase composition and residual stress of linear guide before and after aging treatment were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Х-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray stress tester. The results show that after aging treatment, the martensite structure in the surface layer of 20Cr carburized steel is gradually refined, the fine carbides is precipitated and some residual austenite decompose, the surface hardness of the guide rail increases and the maximum hardness is 729.3HV1/5. Affected by the transformation of residual austenite structure and the change of ferrite content, the residual stress of the carburized layer of the guide rail is eliminated to varying degrees. After heated to 200 °C for 13 h, the residual stress relief effect on the surface of the guide rail is the most obvious, the residual stress value is reduced to -127.17 MPa and the elimination rate is as high as about 54.05%, and there is a polynomial function relationship between the residual stress and the depth of the carburized layer.

Re and Os are relatively enriched in organic-enriched sedimentary rocks under an anoxic environment due to their organophilic property, and the seawater Os isotopic composition is recorded during the deposition of sedimentary rocks. Under certain geological conditions, the Re and Os in organic-enriched sedimentary rocks will transfer to oil-gas reservoir samples through the process of hydrocarbon generation. The enrichment mechanism of Re and Os in these carbon-enriched geological samples, such as organic-enriched sedimentary rocks, low-metamorphic sedimentary rocks, lacustrine sediments, coal, and oil-gas reservoir samples is the basis of wide geological applications. Re-Os isotopic system of organic-enriched sedimentary rocks has been applied to directly date deposition ages or stratigraphic boundary ages or oil-gas reservoirs, has been used to provide the occurrence time and explore the mechanism of major geological events, reconstructing paleo-environment, and deducing the evolution of petroleum, which has resulted in many achievements.The accumulation mechanism of Re and Os in organic-enriched sedimentary rocks plays an important role in understanding the geological significance of Re-Os isotopic data obtained from organic-enriched sedimentary rocks. In anoxic seawater, Re and Os are reduced to lower valence states of Re(Ⅳ) and Os(Ⅲ), respectively, and then Re and Os enter into organic-rich sedimentary rocks by combining with organic matter. Re and Os are enriched and fractionated during this process, enabling the Re-Os isotope system of organic-enriched sedimentary rocks to directly determine stratigraphic boundaries and sedimentary ages. The Re-Os isotope system has successfully provided accurate stratigraphic boundary ages of Devonian—Carboniferous, Cambrian—Ordovician, Ordovician—Silurian, Permian—Triassic, middle-upper Triassic, and Jurassic—Cretaceous. Furthermore, the Re-Os isotopic system has unique advantages for the strata lacking biological fossils or volcanic interlayers, which have provided the sedimentary age of the Niutitang Formation black shale in Guizhou province and Doushantuo Formation in South China. During the process of hydrogenous source Os into organic-enriched sedimentary rocks, the relative flux of Os from continental weathering, hydrothermal and cosmic dust was recorded, which was reflected as the initial Os isotopic ratio of sedimentary rocks. The coupling relationship between the variation of Os isotopic ratios, atmospheric oxygen level, crustal weathering degree, glaciation events, meteorite impact events, and Large Igneous Provinces can provide the occurrence time and explore the mechanism of major geological events in the history of the earth. The paleoseawater environment and paleoclimate during sedimentation can be further reduced in multiple dimensions by means of the coordinated variation between Re-Os isotopic data, organic matter accumulation, enrichment degree of redox-sensitive elements, and other geochemical proxies.The behavior of Re and Os in the oil-gas system has always been the focus and difficulty in the research of oil-gas reservoir chronology, which is an important basis for understanding the geological significance and wide application of oil-gas reservoir-related samples. The chemical behavior of Re-Os varies in different stages of hydrocarbon formation and evolution. It has been found that the Re-Os isotope system of source rocks will not be destroyed during the process of hydrocarbon generation, and Re/Os fractionation and redistribution of Re and Os will occur during the process of hydrocarbon expulsion and migration. During the process of deasphaltizing, biodegradation, thermal alteration, thermal cracking and oil-water reaction, the asphaltene in crude oil will change correspondingly, and Re and Os in crude will migrate and fractionate accordingly, which will affect the closure of Re-Os isotope system, and even reset the Re-Os isotope system in crude. The different chemical behaviors of Re and Os in the process of hydrocarbon formation and evolution determine the geological significance of Re-Os isochrones obtained from oil-gas samples.Despite the Re-Os isotope system obtaining many achievements and advances in the application of carbon-enriched geological samples, there are still many crucial problems that need to be solved, which restrict the wide application of the Re-Os isotope system. Through statistical analysis of the Re-Os data (including Re and Os contents, ages and initial Os uncertainty) of carbon-enriched geological samples from different sedimentary ages, it is found that the Re and Os contents of organic-enriched sedimentary rocks are at the level of 10-9-10-12g/g, and the error of the Re-Os isochron age and initial Os isotopic ratio of many samples exceeds 10%, especially the larger error of initial Os data. In the process of Re-Os isotope analysis, the accuracy of initial Os isotopic ratio data will not only be affected by sample content, procedural blank of chemical treatment method, error propagation and amplification during calculation, but also by geological factors in the process of sampling. The accuracy of the Re-Os data of carbon-enriched geological samples restricts the accurate identification of the paleoenvironment, the occurrence time of major geological events, the true source of seawater Os, and the degree of geological process by using the initial Os isotopic ratio and the Re-Os isochron age of organic-enriched sedimentary rocks. Moreover, the error of Re-Os isotopic data in the oil-gas system is larger than that that in the organic rich sedimentary rocks. Studies on Re-Os chemical analysis methods and sampling methods for different types of oil-gas samples are still insufficient, and the fractionation mechanism of Re-Os in the process of hydrocarbon formation and evolution is still unclear. This hinders the further understanding of the chemical behavior of Re and Os, and the geological significance of Re-Os isochron ages during oil-gas evolution. In addition, the lacustrine sediments and coal have more complex material sources, geological processes, and the impact of terrigenous detrital during the formation process that is difficult to obtain effective sedimentary ages by Re-Os isotope dating at present.On the basis of existing Re-Os isotope analysis techniques, improving the Re-Os data quality as much as possible is the key to studying the Re-Os enrichment mechanism of carbon-enriched geological samples, especially exploring the chemical behavior of Re and Os and geological significance of the Re-Os isochron age of the oil-gas system. There are four aspects that can improve the accuracy of Re-Os isotopic data of carbon-enriched geological samples.(1) Sampling methods: In addition to collecting fresh and unweathered organic-carbon geological samples, the deposition rate can be a reference as a sampling interval. This can guarantee the samples have relatively uniform initial Os isotopic value and a wide range of the Re-Os isotopic ratios and can improve the accuracy of the Re-Os isochron and initial Os values. Through different pretreatment, such as mixing for a long time, or extracting with organic reagents improvements to the homogeneity of oil-gas samples and the quality of Re-Os data can be made.(2) Dissolution methods: Except for the traditional H2SO4-CrO3 and reverse aqua regia method, researchers established two dissolution methods which were HNO3-H2O2 and H2SO4-Na2CrO4 to solve the problem of high Re blank of the traditional H2SO4-CrO3 method and improve the accuracy of Re-Os data. As the principle of choosing a suitable dissolution method, the Re and Os content of the samples especially the Os content should be considered first and the method with lower procedural blank should be selected.(3) Enrichment methods: Previous studies presumed that the 185Re/187Re data obtained by acetone-NaOH extraction method and anion resin exchange method were consistent. However, recent studies have confirmed that different enrichment methods can produce Re fractionation. The acetone-NaOH extraction method can obtain more consistent results than anion resin exchange method during Re enrichment. The acetone-NaOH extraction method is recommended for samples with Re content less than 1ng/g and for oil-gas samples.(4) Selection of reference materials: Matrix matched reference materials are very important in monitoring the process, data quality and method accuracy of Re-Os isotope analysis. At present, the main reference materials used are shale and oil shale standard samples (SBC-1, SCo-2 and SGR-1b) of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and crude standard samples (NIST RM8505) of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). There are also calcareous organic-enriched shales from the USGS and sedimentary rock samples from the Japan Geological Survey. According to the summarized Re-Os data obtained by different dissolution methods, SBC-1, SGR-1b and SCo-2 have relatively uniform Re/Os content and isotope ratio on the whole, which can be used for Re-Os data monitoring of shale and oil shale, respectively. The Re-Os data of calcareous organic-enriched shale standard samples have been reported recently and show good uniformity which have great potential in monitoring Re-Os data. NISTRM8505 has relatively uniform Re-Os isotope ratio and may be more suitable for isotope ratio monitoring.In conclusion, the Re-Os isotope system of carbon-enriched geological samples provides much key information for the determination of sedimentary age, paleomarine environment evolution, occurrence time of major geological events, and oil-gas evolution, which is significant for understanding Earth's history. It is important to improve the accuracy of Re-Os isotope data of carbon-enriched geological samples by different methods to better understand chemical behavior of Re and Os and the geological significance of Re-Os isochron age. Enriching and improving Re-Os analysis methods, databases and reference materials of carbon-enriched geological samples will provide important support for the study of Re-Os enrichment mechanism of carbon-enriched geological samples and its wide application

Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral element for plant growth and development. Zn deficiency in crops frequently occurs in many types of soils. It is therefore crucial to identify genetic resources linking Zn acquisition traits and development of crops with improved Zn-use efficiency for sustainable crop production. In this study, we functionally identified a rice uncharacterized ABCG (ATP-binding cassette G-subfamily) gene encoding a PDR20 (pleiotropic drug resistance 20) metal transporter for mediation of rice growth, seed development and Zn accumulation. OsPDR20 was localized to the plasma membrane, but it was not transcriptionally induced under Zn deficiency, rather was sufficiently up-regulated under high level of Zn stress. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) transformed with OsPDR20 displayed a relatively lower Zn accumulation with attenuated cellular growth, suggesting that OsPDR20 had an activity for Zn transport. Knocking-down OsPDR20 by RNA interference (RNAi) compromised rice growth with shorter plant height and decreased biomass in rice plantlets grown under hydroponic media. Zn concentration in the roots of OsPDR20 knocked-down rice lines declined under Zn deficiency, while they remained unchanged compared with the wild type under normal Zn supply. A rice lifelong field trial demonstrated that OsPDR20 mutation impaired the capacity of seed development, with shortened panicle and seed length, compromised spikelet fertility, and reduced grain number per plant or grain weight per unit area. Interestingly, OsPDR20 mutation elevated the accumulation of Zn in husk and brown rice over the wild type. Overall, this study pointed out that OsPDR20 is fundamentally required for rice growth and seed development through Zn transport and homeostasis.

Aircraft flight action recognition and its corresponding flight parameter data extraction are the key contents of flight training quality analysis. At present, the flight parameter data has features of big scale, high dimension and big redundancy. Therefore, this paper proposes an unsupervised aggregation dynamic time warping algorithm (UADTW) to reduce the complexity of DTW algorithm, help manual establish the sample data set quickly and extract the correlation characteristics of standard sequence. At the same time, according to the characteristics of complex flight action, a deep neural network model is constructed to learn the characteristics of flight action sequence, the difference characteristics and the correlation characteristics of standard sequence. Based on the deep neural network model, this paper designs a self selection feature layer and proposes a self-selective deep neural network(SDNN) model, which can independently select the features that contribute greatly to flight action recognition and improve the characterization of flight parameter data by feature representation. The practical application shows that the method of flight action extraction and recognition based on UADTW and SDNN can reduce the labor cost and effectively improve the accuracy of flight action recognition.

C20H22Cu3N8O10, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 12.0766(11) Å, b = 16.2778(14) Å, c = 14.7605(13) Å, β = 97.8580(10)∘, V = 2874.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0420, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0988, T = 298.15 K.

In nuclear and particle physics experiments, due to the influence of the experimental background and detector noise, the experiment needs to pick out valid physical events by the trigger selection, and eliminate the background noise. Aiming at the trigger selection requirements based on hit multiplicity (NHit) in the cases of high event rates in physical experiments, this paper designs a high-performance digital trigger circuit. This circuit has 13 high-speed serial communication interfaces, which support optical fiber data transmission and Gigabit network communication; onboard 32 Gbit DDR4 cache and high-end FPGA to support large-capacity high-speed storage and real-time data processing. Based on this circuit, the real-time hardware NHit trigger algorithm could be run, which could realize fast trigger selection and data readout for the front-end data. At the same time, the circuit is easy to expand and could be flexibly used in different physical experiments. After testing and verification, the transmission rate of one single optical fiber interface could reach 8.125 Gb/s, the uplink transmission rate of SiTCP could reach 949.3 Mb/s, and the actual read and write rates of the DDR4 cache could reach 102.6 Gb/s, which meet the data transmission and caching requirements of digital trigger circuit design.

BACKGROUND Uranium-series nuclides are one of the three major radioactive decay systems, which are suitable for studying various geological processes at different time scales. In addition, 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotopes (Sr-Nd isotopes for short) are two commonly used isotopes, for rock dating, chemical weathering assessment and tracing sediment sources. In this case, the combination of Sr-Nd-U isotopes can provide more comprehensively knowledge of the element cycle on the earth's surface and deepen our understanding of the sediment "Source to Sink"processes.Most previous studies involving the Sr-Nd-U isotopes have been established by separating Sr-Nd and U isotopes respectively. In this way, the digestion operation must be performed twice, one for separating Sr-Nd and the other for separating U. Alternatively, if only one sample is digested for measuring all three isotopes, between each element separation, the residue must be dried and dissolved in another solution so as to start a new column work. The former increases the amount of samples, which is not conducive to analysis of precious and trace samples; the latter adds additional drying operation, which is time consuming and increases the risk of sample loss and contamination. OBJECTIVES To establish a new Sr-Nd-U combined separation scheme. In this method, only one sample is dissolved, avoiding solution transfer between each separation, so as to reduce sample amount and improve the efficiency of separation and purification of Sr-Nd-U isotopes. METHODS A new chromatographic scheme of separating Sr-Nd-U with one sample digestion using a tandem column scheme is presented. Three columns were overlain sequentially to separate Sr in Sr Spec column, Nd in AG50W-X8 column and U in UTEVA column. 3mol/L HNO3 was used to pre-condition, load the sample, and rinse the matrix. After rinsing the matrix, the tandem column was separated to 3 independent columns to elute the target elements (Sr, Nd, U) respectively.As the connection sequence of different resin columns may interfere with the recovery of target elements, two different chromatographic schemes were compared. In Scheme 1, U column was placed on top of Sr column, while in Scheme 2 the positions of U column and Sr resin column were exchanged. In both schemes, the AG50W-X8 resin column was set at the bottom as the cationic resin can adsorb the most complex elements.All separated elution was tested for element concentration using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The basalt standard sample (BCR-2) was used to examine the behavior and recovery of each element in the separation procedure. RESULTS A total of 10 fractions were recovered from the tandem column scheme, among which fraction 1 represented the leachate recovered by loading samples and rinsing matrix from the tandem three columns. Fraction 2, 5 and 8 represented the leachate recovered by Sr Spec resin, AG50W-X8 resin and UTEVA resin respectively rinsing matrix after separation of the three columns. Fraction 3, 6 and 9 represented the leachate recovered by Sr, REE and U columns, which was Sr, Nd and U collection. Fraction 4, 7 and 10 represented the leachate from each resin recycle stage.In either Scheme 1 or Scheme 2, most matrix elements (high content of K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Fe, Ti and P and low content of Rb, Hf and Th) were mainly concentrated in fraction 1. The elution rate of Na, Ti, Rb and Hf was up to 99%. The elution rate of K and Ca was slightly lower at about 85% and the elution rate of Fe was about 56%. Sr was mainly concentrated in fraction 3, which contained only a small amount of P and Ba. Nd was mainly concentrated in fraction 6, which also contained both Sm and Ce. U was mainly concentrated in fraction 9, which only contained a very small amount of P and Pb. The column recovery was almost 99.9% for U, 90% for Sr and over 80% for Nd.The removal rate of major matrix elements (K, Ca, Na, Ba, Fe, Rb, etc.) exceeded 99%, which reduced interference with high-precision isotope analysis of Sr, Nd, and U. The recovery and purity of Sr, Nd, U were all quite high. A very small amount of P and Ba in fraction 3 had no interference with Sr isotopes (87Sr/86Sr). The Rb which was isomorphism of Sr was removed completely. With regard to Sm and Ce in fraction 6, previous studies had shown that 142Ce could not interfere with Nd isotope (143Nd/144Nd), and Sm could be further separated by Ln resin, so as not to affect Nd isotopic test. Fraction 9 contained nearly 100% U with no other elements.The sequence of resin column splicing is a crucial consideration which may impact the element separation. Hence, the position of Sr Spec column and UTEVA column was exchanged to compare the influence of different column sequences on eluting target elements. Both Scheme 1 and Scheme 2 can effectively wash off most of the matrix elements, and the target elements Sr, Nd and U can be efficiently adsorbed on the resin. There is no significant difference on target element separation between the two different column sequences. This indicates that Sr Spec and UTEVA resins do not interfere with each other on the target elements. CONCLUSIONS The new chromatographic scheme of separating Sr-Nd-U with one sample digestion using a tandem column scheme can be used to quickly and efficiently separate Sr, Nd and U elements from silicate rock samples. The recovery rate for U, Sr and Nd is 99.9%, 92.5% and 82.1%, respectively, which meet the requirements of subsequent isotope analysis. This Sr-Nd-U combined separation method can be used to reduce the sample consumption by about 50%, which is beneficial to the analysis of precious and trace samples. Meanwhile, as no solution transfer is needed between each column separation, this method can also save time for column work and increase the efficiency of chemical separation. A new idea for Sr-Nd-U multi-isotope separation is provided. If the recovery of Pb in the fraction 4 of this chromatographic scheme can be improved in further studies, the application of this new method may be expanded to more fields in the future.

In order to reduce the influence of wing box deformation on the spoiler control surface of an aircraft, a linkage mechanism was adopted for the suspension at both ends of the spoiler. During the stiffness characteristic test, it was found that the monitoring data of the spoiler structure showed a jumping trend which was not consistent with the conventional rudder surface test and the theoretical expectation. In order to solve this problem, the fish-bone method was used to analyze the experimental phenomenon. After the problem was located quickly and accurately, the structure were re-analyzed by the nonlinear analysis method of geometric large deformation based on Patran/Nastran platform. A numerical calculation curve which is in good agreement with the experimental phenomenon is obtained. The factors affecting the support stiffness and the solution to the problem of large deformation of the structure are discussed.The analysis method provides a solution for the dynamic problems of flexible mechanism, and the numerical results and the discussion have guiding and reference value for the design improvement. The cause localization analysis process of the test phenomenon can provide reference for other experiments.

The concept, raw materials, technology, texture, sensory, nutrition, market, patent and safety of plant-based meat products were reviewed, and the achievements and shortcomings of the development of plant-based meat products were summarized. It is indicated that the next researching should be done from the protein types of raw materials, protein molecular modification, texturized protein production technology, genetic engineering technology transformation, etc.

Background Hearing loss is highly prevalent in occupational populations, but it could be effectively prevented through early monitoring. There is still a lack of studies on the risk assessment of hearing loss. Objective To construct three risk assessment models for hearing loss in oil workers, and evaluate their performance to obtain the optimal one. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were 1 423 workers of an oil company who received the occupational health examination from 2018 to 2019 in the Jingxia Hospital of North China Petroleum Administration. Their general demographic data, audiometric test and laboratory test results were collected. Unconditional multivariable Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing hearing loss. Python was used to build the random forest, XG Boost, and BP neural network models with factors potentially associated with hearing loss determined based on a literature review and expert opinions incorporated. The discriminative ability of the models were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) , and the calibration ability of the model was tested using the calibration curve. Results The prevalence of hearing loss changed significantly according to age, gender, monthly household income, history of diabetes, labor intensity, physical exercise, ototoxic chemical exposure, sleep disturbance, shift, and high temperature exposure (P

The fumigation activity and effect of adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on under indoor conditions was studied. The fumigation effect of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) was determined by a closed air filter paper fumigation method. Sublethal doses of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil on fumigation of adults and larvae of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) were analyzed. The results showed that the fumigation effect of Ocimum basilicum oil on Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) larvae was stronger than that of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil. After treatment with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil at a concentration of 50 μL for 96 h, the mortality rates of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) larvae were 92% and 100%, respectively. The mortality rates of adults of Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) treated with Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil and Ocimum basilicum oil were 100% and 83.33% at 3.5 μL for 2 h; When both treated for 2 h, 3.5 μL of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil led to the highest mortality rate of Plodia interpunctella(Hübener), while 4.5 μL of Ocimum basilicum oil only caused 99.33% of mortality rate of Plodia interpunctella(Hübener). The study showed that the fumigation effect of Ocimum basilicum oil on Plodia interpunctella(Hübener) larvae was significantly higher than that of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil, and the fumigation effect of Lavandula angustifolia Mill oil on Plodia interpunctella (Hübener) adults was significantly higher than that of Ocimum basilicum oil.

In order to deal with the shortage of spacecraft telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) resources and the high complexity of planning and scheduling in the future, based on the current situation of the TT&C network in China, the construction requirements of space–ground integration TT&C network are put forward, and the basic framework is constructed. Referring to the random access mechanism of ground cellular mobile communication system, access once encountered TT&C mode is designed. This work introduces its basic idea, gives an example of the implementation process in the new form, designs the protocol stack system of random access TT&C, and probes into the key technologies, such as spacecraft access optimization selection strategy and panoramic (airspace) multi-beam and multi-target simultaneous TT&C technology, for reference of further research.

Under the unbalance-bearing coupling fault of the rotor system, the unbalance fault features and bearing faults modulate each other, and the weak fault features are easily submerged by the strong fault features and strong noise components. Thus, a multi-step grid search optimization sparse diagnosis method is proposed to improve the anti-interference ability of sparse representation algorithm by selecting the optimal parameters of sparse representation to reduce the sparse reconstruction error. Firstly, based on the multi-step grid search theory, a multi-step grid search optimization sparse representation method model is established to improve the calculation accuracy. Secondly, the signal reconstruction based on adaptive Gabor atom dictionary orthogonal matching tracking algorithm is realized by optimizing the displacement factor and frequency factor. Finally, the coupling simulation fault data with different SNR are analyzed. The results show that the anti-interference ability of the proposed method increases with the increase of noise interference and different experimental cases further verify the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method.

In view of the powder feeding system, a multi-physical coupling model of the gas-powder-piston was established based on the Euler-Euler two-fluid model. The numerical simulation method was applied to explore the effects of dense gas-solid flow characteristics under different operating pressures. The results show that gas-solid pulsations at different operating pressures are mainly concentrated in the upper part of the powder tank. An elevated operating pressure efficiently decreases the powder layer area (εp = 0.1) fluctuation. As the operating pressure increases from 0.5 MPa to 3.0 MPa, the rising time and fluctuation rate of pressure are reduced by 71.4% and 62.3%, respectively, and the pressure in the tank has a long stabilization period. Meanwhile, the variation of the instantaneous powder flow rate is more stable and its average value is closer to the theoretical. A high-pressure environment is more conducive to the stable transportation of powder.

Objective: In order to solve the problems of poor accuracy and low efficiency of delta robot in dynamic target grasping in current food production. Methods: A new dynamic target grasping method was proposed for the grasping control of delta robot in food production line. The dynamic position of the target was calculated through the offset of the conveyor belt and the feedback value of the encoder, and the grasping order of the target was optimized. The dynamic target was grasped by combining the door trajectory and the improved trapezoidal acceleration and deceleration algorithm. The control methods before and after optimization were analyzed through experiments. Results: At the conveying speed of 20 mm/s, the missed grasping rate of the robot before and after optimization decreased from 3.33% to 0, and the grasping speed increased from 0.756 s-1 to 0.860 s-1. At the conveying speed of 30 mm/s, the missed grasping rate of the robot before and after optimization was reduced from 8.83% to 0, and the grasping speed was increased from 0.885 pieces/s to 1.130 pieces/s. Conclusion: The dynamic target grasping method can effectively improve the grasping efficiency of delta robot.

The government of China commits to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, nearly 40% of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are attributable to the building sector while building operations account for over 70% of carbon emissions. How to quantitatively analyze the factors related to operational carbon emissions under the circumstance of rapid growth of data volume is the key problem to be solved. This article explored the main factor affecting carbon emissions of commercial office buildings based on data mining and analyzed all carbon sources using the variation and deviation method in the city of Beijing, China. It is found that electricity, trains, airplanes, and hotels have a great impact on the building’s operation stage carbon emission, and targeted carbon emission reduction policies and measures can be made to reduce the sample’s carbon emission.

In order to solve the problem of water disaster in coal mining and realize the safe mining of working face, the drilling technology of grouting reconstruction in coal mine strata is studied, and the key parameters in grouting construction are optimized and determined. According to the characteristics of engineering implementation, the optimization design of drilling casing program, the optimization of drilling tool assembly, the preparation of multi-type drilling fluid and the optimization of drill bit are introduced to ensure the smooth implementation of the project. According to the trajectory design requirements, the landing point of the main hole drilled into the coal seam floor to control the limestone layer was calculated. The results show that the construction technology and technical method are suitable for the multi-branch horizontal grouting well project in coal mine, which achieves the safe and efficient drilling of grouting well in coal mine, and provides useful experience for the subsequent grouting well construction in this area.

Objective To study the demographic and clinical characteristics, correlation of genotype and phenotype and treatment of Blau syndrome to facilitate early diagnosis and timely treatment of Blau syndrome. Methods Seventy-two patients with Blau syndrome from 11 centers from May 2006 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and their general information, clinical data, laboratory examination and treatment medication were collected. Results The distribution of patients with Blau syndrome was uniform in geographical north and south of China, and there was no obvious gender bias. The mean age of onset was (14.30±12.81) months, and the age of diagnosis was (55.18±36.22) months. 35% of patients with Blau syndrome happened before 1 year old, and all patients developed before 5 years old. 87.50% (63/72) had granulomatous arthritis, 65.28% (47/72) had rash, 36.11% (26/72) had ocular involvement, 27.78% (20/72) had fever, and 15.28% (11/72) had pulmonary involvement. Arthritic manifestations of Blau syndrome were most at risk, followed by rash, ocular involvement, and fever.The first 25 months of the disease, the risk of developing a rash was the greatest. The risk of developing arthritis was the greatest between 25 months and 84 months. The main mutations were p.R334Q and p.R334W, and patients with p.R334Q mutation had relatively high incidence of fever (35.71%[5/14] vs. 14.29%[1/7], P=0.43) and ocular involvement (42.86%[6/14]vs. 28.57%[2/7], P=0.51). There was a relatively high incidence of rash (85.71%[6/7] vs. 64.29%[9/14], P=0.59) in patients with the p.R334W mutation. Forty-five patients(62.50%)were treated with a combina-tion of glucocorticoid and methotrexate. Twenty-two patients were treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonist in addition to glucocorticoid and methotrexate. Conclusions The risk of different clinical manifestations of Blau syndrome from high to low was arthritis, followed by rash, ocular involvement and fever. The main treatment was glucocorticoid combined with methotrexate, to which biological agents could be added.

The interfacial microstructure evolution, growth kinetics of the intermetallic compound (IMC) and mechanical properties of Fe/Al dissimilar metal joints were investigated by vacuum diffusion bonding. The results show that there is no IMC formed on the interface of the joint bonded at temperature of 550 ℃. When the bonding temperature exceeds 575 ℃, the interfacial region is composed of Fe2Al5 and a small amount of FeAl3, and the thickness of IMC layer increases rapidly with the increase of bonding temperature.Under the bonding time of 120 min, the shear strength of the joint increases first and then decreases with the increase of the bonding temperature, and the shear strength of the joint reaches the maximum value of 37 MPa.According to thermodynamic theory, the Gibbs free energy change of Fe2Al5 is the lowest in the range from 550 ℃ to 625 ℃, and then followed by that of FeAl3, and the generated sequence of interfacial IMC can be: Fe2Al5→FeAl3. The interfacial IMC grow in a parabolic manner as a function of bonding temperature, and its growth activation energy is 282.6 kJ·mol-1.The growth rates of IMC at the interface are 1.13× 10-14, 3.59×10-14, 1.21×10-13 m2·s-1 at 575, 600, 625 ℃ respectively.

Background: Re-Du-Ning injection (RDN) is a renowned heat-clearing traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of respiratory diseases owing to its anti-inflammatory effects. However, very little is known about the pulmonary distribution and lung exposure–efficacy relationships. This study aimed to investigate the pulmonary distribution and biopharmaceutics concerning lung penetrability and affinity and the local anti-inflammatory effects after intravenous and pulmonary administration of RDN. Methods: Two iridoids and seven phenolic acid components were selected as the chemical markers in RDN. The in vitro pulmonary distribution and biopharmaceutics were conducted by evaluating the binding and disassociation kinetics of chemical markers in lung tissue explants whereas the in vivo evaluation was performed by determining the time-dependent concentrations of chemical markers in plasma, lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF), lung tissues and immune cells in the ELF after intratracheal and intravenous administrations of RDN. The inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of RDN on lung tissues in vitro and on mice with LPS-induced lung inflammation. Results: The chemical markers of RDN exhibited excellent lung penetrability but poor lung affinity in vitro and in vivo. After intravenous administration, the chemical markers appeared to rapidly penetrate through the lung tissue to reach the ELF, leading to markedly higher drug exposure to ELF and immune cells in the ELF than to lung tissues. Compared to intravenous injection, the intratracheal instillation of RDN increased drug exposure to lung tissue and immune cells in the ELF by up to > 80-fold, leading to improved anti-inflammatory potency and prolonged duration of action. Conclusion: The drug exposure to immune cells in the ELF was correlated with the lung-targeted anti-inflammatory effects of RDN and pulmonary delivery has the potential to replace intravenous injection of RDN for the treatment of respiratory diseases.

【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to study erosion-deposition of sediment, its influencing factors, as well as its critical hydraulic condition in channels in pumping irrigation districts. 【Method】 Hydraulic characteristics were tested at different sections during each irrigation even from 2010 to 2012 to analyze the gradation of sediment grains, concentration, source, as well as its spatiotemporal distribution. We calculated sediment carrying capacity at different discharge rates, which was used to determine the relationship between sediment carrying capacity and the measured sediment concentration under current situation and after the channels are improved. 【Result】 ①Sediment deposition in the channels was mainly caused by the bed load with grain sizes >75μm, formed from the suspended load and sediment deposition around the intake after the pump was stopped. ②Sediment deposition appeared at the outlet of the station in the upstream channels at the Dongfuqiao section, and the second summer irrigation caused serious sedimentation. ③Sediment carrying capacity of the current channels under discharge rate less than 30 m3/s was lower than sediment concentration, leading to sediment deposition in the whole channels. ④Combined with channel improvement, increasing the bed slope to 1/7 000 can increase sediment carrying capacity significantly. The non-silting critical discharge rate is 24 m3/s for the main canal under the multi-year average sediment concentration. 【Conclusion】 The critical hydraulic flow for channels scouring and silting balance is 24 m3/s, and it can be used by the authority of irrigation districts for management.

With the rapid development of portable and wearable electronic devices, research on flexible energy storage devices has gradually shifted to the directions of miniaturization, softness and intelligence. At the same time, people have higher requirements for the energy density, power density and mechanical properties of the device. As the core part of flexible energy storage devices, electrode material is the key to determining device performance. With the development of flexible energy storage electronic devices, there is an urgent need for new battery technology and fast, low cost and precise control of their microstructure preparation methods. Therefore, the research and development of new energy storage devices such as flexible lithium/sodium-ion batteries, flexible lithium-sulfur batteries, and flexible zinc-air batteries have become the current research hotspots in academia. The current research status of flexible energy storage battery electrodes in recent years was discussed in this paper, the design of flexible electrode materials (independent flexible electrodes and flexible substrate electrodes), and the preparation process of flexible electrode materials of different dimensions (one-dimensional materials, two-dimensional materials and three-dimensional materials) and applications of flexible energy storage electrodes (flexible lithium/sodium ion batteries, flexible lithium-sulfur batteries, flexible zinc-air batteries) were compared and analyzed, and the structural characteristics and electrochemical properties of electrode materials were discussed. Finally, the current problems faced by flexible energy storage devices were pointed out, and the future focus of flexible energy storage devices was the research and development of new solid electrolytes, the rational design of device structures and the continuous optimization of packaging technology.

Abstract Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have always been a heated research topic in bone tissue regeneration and repair because of their self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential. A large number of studies have been focused on finding the inducing factors that will promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Previous studies have shown that macrophage exosomes or miRNA-26a-5p can make it work, but the function of this kind of substance on cell osteogenic differentiation has not been public. Methods M2 macrophages are obtained from IL-4 polarized bone marrow-derived macrophages. Exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of M2 macrophages and identified via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blotting, and DLS. Chondrogenic differentiation potential was detected by Alcian blue staining. Oil red O staining was used to detect the potential for lipogenic differentiation. And MTT would detect the proliferative capacity of cells. Western blot was performed to detect differential expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins. Results The results showed that M2 macrophage exosomes will promote bone differentiation and at the same time inhibit lipid differentiation. In addition, M2 macrophage-derived exosomes have the function of promoting the expression of SOX and Aggrecan suppressing the level of MMP13. The exosome inhibitor GW4689 suppresses miRNA-26a-5p in M2 macrophage exosomes, and the treated exosomes do not play an important role in promoting bone differentiation. Moreover, miRNA-26a-5p can enable to promote bone differentiation and inhibit lipid differentiation. miRNA-26a-5p can promote the expression of ALP (alkaline phosphatase), RUNX-2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), OPN(osteopontin), and Col-2(collagen type II). Therefore, it is speculated that exosomal miRNA-26a-5p is indispensable in osteogenic differentiation. Conclusions The present study indicated that M2 macrophage exosomes carrying miRNA-26a-5p can induce osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stem cells to inhibit lipogenic differentiation, and miRNA-26a-5p will also promote the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related proteins ALP, RUNX-2, OPN, and Col-2.

The rapid development of sensor technology has spawned a large amount of traffic trajectory data,and trajectory ano-maly detection has important application value in smart transportation,urban planning,road monitoring and other fields.Aiming at the problems of traditional distance-based and supervised machine learning anomaly detection methods in extracting effective features,prone to overfitting,and poor anomaly detection effects,an unsupervised anomaly detection method based on trajectory reconstruction error is proposed.This method usesa recurrent neural network based autoencoder to reconstruct the input trajectory.By minimizing the difference between the reconstructed output and the original input,the model learns the motion characte-ristics of the normal trajectory.The trajectory whose reconstruction error is greater than the anomaly threshold is classified as anomalous.In order to avoid manually marking anomalies,a data-driven traffic simulation method is applied to synthesize trajectory data containing different types of anomalies.Experimental results based on labeled traffic trajectory data showe that the anomaly detection performance of the proposed method is significantly better than traditional distance-based and machine learning classification algorithms in various metrics,which verfies the effectiveness and practicability of this unsupervised method.

In causal Bayesian networks (CBNs),it is a fundamental problem to compute the causal effect of sum product.From the perspective of a directed acyclic graph,we show every CBN has a corresponding Bayesian network.Intervention is a fundamental operation in CBNs.Similar to Bayesian networks,CBNs also have the pruning strategy.After pruning the barren nodes,this paper devises an optimized jointree algorithm to compute the full atomic intervention on each node in a CBN.Then,this paper explores the multiple interventions on multiple nodes,and finds that multiple interventions have the commutative property.On the basis of the commutative property in multiple interventions,this paper proves the strategies,which can be used to optimize the computation of the causal effect of multiple interventions.Finally,we report experimental results to demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm to compute the causal effects in CBNs.

Polycrystalline diamonds were sintered with the binder of Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 to solve the shortcomings of conventional metal binders and ceramic binders. Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 bonded polycrystalline diamond composites have been synthesized from a mixture of Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 powder (40 wt%) and diamond powder under 4.5–5.5 GPa at 1050–1300°C by high press and high-temperature technology. The characteristic peaks of TiC were observed at 4.5 GPa and above 1100°C. From the microstructure analysis, the diamond particles are equally dispersed throughout the Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 matrix and firmly bound to the matrix. The effects of the sintering conditions, test parameters, and counterparts on the friction properties of diamond composites were systematically analyzed. The friction coefficient between diamond composite and glass counterpart is between 0.18 and 0.33 and increases significantly at the speed of 400 rpm/min. SEM and EDS analysis show Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 has a strong holding force on the diamond particles. The wear mechanism is mainly abrasive, and there are obvious grooves on the surface of the glass ball. The friction coefficient of diamond composite sintered at 1050°C with POM decreases monotonically with increasing load and reaches the minimum value of 0.42 at 12 N. The higher sintering temperature (1150°C) resulted in lower friction coefficient for diamond/POM pairs. The friction coefficient of diamond/PP pairs decreases first and then increases with increasing load, reaching a minimum value of 0.431 at 10 N. The wear mechanism of PP and POM is a combination of abrasive wear and adhesive wear, while the abrasive chips of POM are small salt-like particles and the abrasive chips of PP are long flocs. The wear track of PP balls has a smoother surface than that of POM balls. For an Al pair, the friction coefficient of diamond composite sintered at 1150°C is higher than that of the composite sintered at 1050°C except for the 10 N load. The friction coefficient of the diamond composites with Cu pairs varies slightly with increasing load, with values ranging from 0.443 to 0.518 and decreases with increasing speed, reaching a minimum value of 0.396 at 600 rpm/min. The wear mechanism of Cu and Al is mainly based on adhesive wear. The presence of the diamond second phase improves the stability of Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 compared to the high-pressure treatment of single phase Ti3SiC2. The analysis of friction properties indicates that Ti3Si0.8Al0.2C2 bonded diamond composites are promising candidates for superhard tool materials.

Objective: To solve the problems of low detection efficiency and poor accuracy of existing automatic detection methods for egg defect images. Methods: Based on the egg detection system, an improved YOLOv5 automatic detection model was proposed. Added the lightweight network MobileNetv3 to YOLOv5 model to reduce the complexity of the model, and deleted the neck network and small target detection at the output end. Results: Compared with the traditional control method, this method can detect the surface defects of egg targets more accurately and efficiently, with the complexity of more than 35% reducing, the detection time of a single image of 14.25 ms, and the detection accuracy rate over 95%, which meet the needs of food defect detection. Conclusion: The improved YOLOv5 detection model can effectively improve the detection efficiency of egg defects.

Objective To explore the mechanism of secondary resistance to imatinib(IM) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST). Methods Ten IM-resistant and ten IM-sensitive GIST patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from December 2018 to April 2021 were selected, and their tumor tissues were obtained by surgery or needle biopsy. The IM-resistant strain GIST-T1R of GIST was constructed by gradient addition using purchased IM-sensitive parental cells GIST-T1S. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect the expression of erythropoietin-producing human hepatocellular (EPH) B2 in IM-sensitive or IM-resistant cells and tissues at RNA and protein levels, respectively. After knockdown or overexpression of EPHB2 in GIST cell lines, CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability to determine the half inhibitory concentration(IC50) of IM on cells, and clone formation assay was used to detect the effect of EPHB2 on cell proliferation ability. Results EPHB2 was significantly overexpressed in GIST tissues of patients with secondary IM-resistance(P＜0.01).Compared with GIST-T1S cells, EPHB2 RNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in GIST-T1R cells(P＜0.01). In GIST-T1S cells, overexpressing EPHB2 significantly increased the IC50 of IM on cells, and knocking down of EPHB2 significantly decreased the IC50 of IM on cells(P＜0.01). Conclusion EPHB2 mediates IM-resistance of GIST cells and promotes their malignant proliferation.

【Background and Objective】 The increase in solar-greenhouse green pepper production has exerted pressure on the limited water resources in Shanxi province of China. Understanding the effect of soil water on physiological traits of the pepper is essential to improving its water use efficiency. The aim of this paper is to experimentally elucidate the response of biomass production of the green pepper and its subsequent translocation to irrigation amount. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted from October 2018 to April in 2020 in a greenhouse at Xiaodian district in Taiyuan City. It has four irrigation treatments: sufficient irrigation in whole growing season, 50% deficit irrigation during the seedling stage, 50% deficit irrigation during the seedling and flowering stages, and 50% deficit irrigation in the whole growing season. In each treatment, we measured the dry matter change of each plant organ, from which we derived a model to calculate organ biomass using irrigation amount and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The model was validated against experimental data. 【Result】 The accumulative dry matter increased with the cumulative thermal time and differed significantly between different irrigation amounts. The dry mass of above- and below-ground organs predicted from the model was consistent with those experimentally measured with a standard error (RMSE) of 0.79～3.56 g/per plant. The mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted and measured dry mass of stem, leaves, fruits and roots of per plant was 0.95～2.14 g, 1.25～2.95 g, 6.34～19.54 g and 0.54～1.10 g, respectively. The irrigation amount impacted on translocation of the dry matter to stems, leaves and fruits more significantly than translocation to roots. 【Conclusion】 The model we derived for estimating dry mass production and its translocation is reliable and can be used to help manage greenhouse green pepper production when fertilization is sufficient and irrigation is deficient.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of CRABP2 and FABP5, and their ratio on prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.