1. Intestinal resident macrophages: Multitaskers of the gut
- Author
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Guy E. Boeckxstaens and Maria Francesca Viola
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,resident macrophages ,muscularis externa ,INTERSTITIAL-CELLS ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,Physiology ,Niche ,Clinical Neurology ,Review Article ,Biology ,DENDRITIC CELLS ,LY6C(HI) MONOCYTES ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,enteric nervous system ,Animals ,Humans ,APOPTOTIC CELLS ,lamina propria ,neuroimmune interaction ,Gastrointestinal tract ,Science & Technology ,CARDIAC MACROPHAGES ,Gastroenterology & Hepatology ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,Macrophages ,Gastroenterology ,Neurosciences ,SMOOTH-MUSCLE ,Phenotype ,MUSCULARIS MACROPHAGES ,Intestines ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunology ,LAMINA-PROPRIA MACROPHAGES ,Enteric nervous system ,ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES ,Neurosciences & Neurology ,gastrointestinal tract ,POSTOPERATIVE ILEUS ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,030215 immunology - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intestinal resident macrophages play a crucial role in homeostasis and have been implicated in numerous gastrointestinal diseases. While historically believed to be largely of hematopoietic origin, recent advances in fate-mapping technology have unveiled the existence of long-lived, self-maintaining populations located in specific niches throughout the gut wall. Furthermore, the advent of single-cell technology has enabled an unprecedented characterization of the functional specialization of tissue-resident macrophages throughout the gastrointestinal tract. PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to provide a panorama on intestinal resident macrophages, with particular focus to the recent advances in the field. Here, we discuss the functions and phenotype of intestinal resident macrophages and, where possible, the functional specialization of these cells in response to the niche they occupy. Furthermore, we will discuss their role in gastrointestinal diseases. ispartof: NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY vol:32 issue:8 ispartof: location:England status: published
- Published
- 2020