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Описаны направления синтеза модифицированных углеродных сорбентов, разработанных в лаборатории синтеза функциональных углеродных материалов в ИППУ СО РАН. Представлены результаты исследований физико-химических и медико-биологических свойств модифицированных углеродных сорбентов.

The study deals with the development of selective sorbents that are able to remove viral particles, particularly the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), from blood serum of patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). The hemosorbents were obtained by modification with gas-phase fluorine and BrF3 solutions in HF and subsequent substitution of fluorine by amino groups. Polyalbumin (PA) (human serum albumin (HSA) modified with glutaraldehyde) was synthesized and then used as a bioligand. To ensure a strong fixing, polyalbumin was covalently bound to fluorocarbon hemosorbents (FH) with amino groups. The immobilized polyalbumin selectively interacts with the hepatitis B surface antigen receptor. Properties of the produced hemosorbent samples were studied using various physicochemical methods: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and others. Blood serum samples positive for HBV DNA and HBsAg were examined to separate viruses by the synthesized hemosorbents. The carbon hemosorbent fluorinated with BrF3 solutions in HF and having immobilized polyalbumin was found to be the most efficient one.

The results of long-term researches and development of modified materials for medical and veterinary application based on nanodispersed carbon are given. Complex of methods of chemical functionalization of carbon sorbents surface with biospecific properties is described. The main results of modified carbon sorbent researches by physiochemical and biomedical methods are represented.

The results on the synthesis and study of modified materials for medical application based on nanodispersed carbon are given. Modification of the carbon sorbent was performed using the biologically active substances with biospecific properties – hydroxy acids (glycolic and lactic). The main results obtained by investigation of the modified carbon sorbents by physicochemical and biomedical methods are presented.

The development of carbon materials with the increased adsorption activity toward some toxic substances and with detoxifying and correcting properties by controlling their surface chemistry is of practical importance because it extends the spectrum of biospecific sorbents. Methods were devised to produce veterinary preparations by modification of the carbon enterosorbent Zoocarb. This enterosorbent was synthesized from nanodispersed carbon using the matrix synthesis technology at the Institute of Hydrocarbons Processing SB RAS (Omsk, Russia) and is widely employed in agribusiness. Physicochemical and medical-biological properties of Zoocarb are described. This enterosorbent has some advantages over other sorption preparations and is a promising support for the synthesis of modified enterosorbents that can be used to obtain safe and efficient targeted veterinary preparations. The synthesis of such preparations and the studies of physicochemical properties of the modified sorbents, in particular their adsorption behavior in model and real systems, are reported. It was found that the devised preparations are bifunctional and exhibit both the adsorptivity of nanoporous carbon matrix and the immunocorrecting action of biologically active components. The developed medicinal preparations are promising for use in veterinary practice.