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大気球シンポジウム 2021年度（2021年11月1-2日. オンライン開催), Balloon Symposium 2021 (November 1-2, 2021. Online Meeting), PDF再処理の為、2023年3月24日に差替, 資料番号: SA6000166017, レポート番号: isas21-sbs-017

Introdução: O transplante de medula óssea (TMO) autólogo é uma modalidade de tratamento para vários tipos de doença. A predição do sucesso na mobilização pode ser útil para otimizar a coleta de células progenitoras hematopoéticas (CPH). O objetivo foi identificar características que podem influenciar a eficácia da mobilização e criar um modelo de predição de sucesso da mobilização em candidatos ao TMO do estado de Minas Gerais. Materiais e métodos: Tratou-se de estudo retrospectivo, sendo que foram analisados dados dos pacientes candidatos ao TMO autólogo entre 09/2015 e 12/2019. Os participantes foram assistidos em cinco hospitais e os procedimentos laboratoriais foram realizados no Centro de Processamento Celular (CPC) do Cetebio/Fundação Hemominas. Os prontuários dos participantes foram revistos para obtenção das seguintes informações: sexo, idade, peso, diagnóstico, esquema de mobilização, ciclo de mobilização, número de esquemas prévios de quimioterapia, radioterapia prévia e sorologia positiva. Os dados laboratoriais analisados foram contagem de células CD34+ e o hemograma da amostra de sangue periférico (SP) pré-coleta. A contagem de células CD34+ foi realizada usando o protocolo ISHAGE. O hemograma foi realizado utilizando contador automatizado (SYSMEX XN-1000 AS-01). O desfecho estudado, mobilização boa, foi definido como a contagem de células CD34+ viáveis ≥ 20/uL no SP. A regressão logística foi usada para determinar o efeito independente de cada covariável no desfecho estudado. Resultados: a população do estudo consistiu em 559 pacientes, sendo 297 (53,1%) do sexo masculino. A mediana de idade foi 54 (20) anos. O mieloma múltiplo foi o diagnóstico mais comum (n = 323; 57,8%), seguido de linfoma não Hodgkin (n = 106; 19%) e linfoma de Hodgkin (n = 100; 17,9%). Dos 559 participantes, 321 (57,4%) eram bons mobilizadores. Das variáveis laboratoriais, a viabilidade das células CD34+ (OR = 1,2; IC95%: 1,11-1,30; p < 0,001), o VCM (OR = 0,92; IC95%:0,87-0,95; p < 0,001), o nRBC (OR = 3006,5; IC95%: 42,1-214.711,3; p < 0,001) e a contagem de granulócitos imaturos (OR = 1,43; IC95%: 1,30-1,57; p < 0,001) foram significativamente associadas à mobilização boa no modelo multivariado. Além disso, os participantes com diagnóstico de mieloma múltiplo apresentaram chance 2,8 vezes (OR = 2,82; IC95%: 1,76-4,5; p < 0,001) maior de serem bons mobilizadores se comparado aos pacientes com linfoma. Participantes que realizaram a coleta no primeiro ciclo de mobilização apresentaram chance 3,6 vezes (OR = 3,63; IC95%: 1,59-8,28; p = 0,002) maior de serem bons mobilizadores. Discussão: O CPC do Cetebio atende nove centros transplantadores. Os centros que realizam a coleta das CPH estão localizados entre 40 a 568 km de distância do Cetebio (local de quantificação de células CD34+). A predição do desfecho da mobilização pode permitir a adoção de medidas complementares como, por exemplo, o uso de plerixafor. Além disso, permitiria otimizar a coleta de CPH por aférese. Assim, seria possível evitar dias adicionais de coleta, reduzindo custos e riscos relacionados à administração de doses adicionais de G-CSF, manutenção de cateter e internação hospitalar prolongada. Conclusão: O sucesso na mobilização foi maior nos participantes que fizeram o primeiro ciclo de mobilização e que apresentavam diagnóstico de mieloma múltiplo. Além disso, níveis maiores de nRBC, granulócitos imaturos e viabilidade das células CD34+, bem como níveis menores de VCM foram associados ao sucesso na mobilização.

Introducao Devido a pandemia do novo Coronavirus, a criopreservacao tem sido recomendada para garantir a continuidade do transplante de medula ossea (TMO) alogenico nao aparentado independentemente da fonte de celulas. Porem, a criopreservacao de celulas progenitoras hematopoeticas coletadas por puncao aspirativa da medula ossea (CPH,MO) e menos utilizada e poucos dados estao disponiveis na literatura. Objetivo descrever a experiencia do Centro de Processamento Celular do Cetebio/Fundacao Hemominas com a criopreservacao de CPH,MO para utilizacao terapeutica em TMO. Metodos Trata-se de um estudo do tipo serie de casos e a casuistica foi composta por oito unidades de CPH,MO criopreservadas entre 10/2020 e 06/2021. As unidades de CPH,MO foram submetidas a deseritrocitacao utilizando hidroxietilamido (HES) 450/0,7 e, em seguida, a centrifugacao para desplasmatizacao. O volume da camada leucocitaria foi ajustado para atingir a concentracao de celulas nucleadas final ≤2 × 108 NC/mL apos a adicao da solucao de criopreservacao (5%HES/5%DMSO). As unidades foram congeladas em freezer mecânico a -80°C e armazenadas em tanque a vapor de nitrogenio. Resultados oito unidades de CPH,MO foram criopreservadas para utilizacao em nove pacientes; uma unidade foi dividida para uso em dois pacientes pediatricos irmaos HLA identicos. Uma (11,1%) unidade foi criopreservada para o uso autologo e oito (88,9%) para uso alogenico nao aparentado. Cinco (55,6%) pacientes eram do sexo masculino. A media de idade dos pacientes foi 14,7 ± 19,1 anos (1–42). Um (11,1%) paciente possuia neuroblastoma, um (11,1%) LMC, um (11,1%) LMA, um (11,1%) sindrome de Griscelli, dois (22,2%) sindrome de Wiskott-Aldrich e tres (33,3%) LLA. O volume (mL) medio das unidades pre e pos-processamento foi 756,9 ± 411,7 e 78,7 ± 45,8, respectivamente. O volume (mL) medio de hemacias pre e pos-processamento foi 239,1 ± 150,8 e 27,02 ± 16,9, respectivamente. A media do total de celulas nucleadas (x108) pre e pos-processamento foi 153,07 ± 80,0 e 120,01 ± 67,7, respectivamente. A media de celulas CD34+ viaveis (x106) pre e pos-processamento foi 131,7 ± 74,0 e 120,2 ± 77,8, respectivamente. Quatro (50%) unidades apresentaram teste microbiologico positivo (Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium sp e Staphylococcus aureus). A viabilidade celular (%) media pos-descongelamento em amostras de segmento foi 66,1 ± 8,5. Os ensaios clonogenicos realizados em amostras pre-processamento (n = 6), pos-processamento (n = 8) e pos-descongelamento (n = 7) apresentaram crescimento positivo. Seis (66,6%) unidades foram liberadas para uso terapeutico, das quais cinco (83,3%) possuimos os dados da enxertia. Nenhum paciente apresentou falha de enxertia ou obito apos a infusao. O tempo medio de enxertia de granulocitos e plaquetas foi 17 ± 5,8 e 19,5 ± 9,2 dias, respectivamente. Discussao A reducao do volume possibilitou a criopreservacao do material, sendo que a recuperacao celular foi satisfatoria. Os testes de controle de qualidade realizados em todas etapas do processo evidenciaram a qualidade e seguranca do procedimento e foram corroborados pelos dados de enxertia. Alertamos, entretanto, sobre a necessidade de cuidados adicionais com os pacientes devido ao volume de hemacias a ser infundido e a contaminacao bacteriana, mais frequentemente observada nas unidades de CPH,MO. Conclusoes A criopreservacao CPH, MO apresentou resultados satisfatorios, demonstrando que a metodologia utilizada e segura e eficiente.

Pseudobrickellia brasiliensis (Asteraceae) is a plant commonly known as arnica-do-campo and belongs to the native flora of the Brazilian Cerrado. The alcoholic extract of the plant has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent in folk medicine, but the biological mechanism of action has not been elucidated. The present study evaluated the composition of P. brasiliensis aqueous extract and its effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation. The extracts were prepared by sequential maceration of P. brasiliensis leaves in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water. Extract cytotoxicity was evaluated by trypan blue exclusion assay, and apoptosis and necrosis were measured by staining with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide. The ethanolic (ETA) and acetate (ACE) extracts showed cytotoxic effects. The aqueous extract (AQU) was not cytotoxic. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin and treated with AQU (100 μg/mL) showed reduced interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression. AQU also inhibited lymphocyte proliferative response after nonspecific stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. The aqueous extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and mass spectrometry. Quinic acid and its derivatives 5-caffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, as well as the flavonoids luteolin and luteolin dihexoside, were detected. All these compounds are known to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that P. brasiliensis aqueous extract can inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and proliferative response of lymphocytes. These effects may be related to the presence of chemical substances with anti-inflammatory actions previously reported in scientific literature.

Yerba mate is traditionally consumed in South America, and it has recently been highly publicized for its health benefits; however, consumers have felt differences in bitterness even in products of the same brand. The aim of this research was to compare the intensity of bitterness in native leaves and in cultivated leaves from 5- and 15-year-old trees, and determine the content of caffeine, reducing sugars and tannin in yerba mate leaves to explain their influence in bitterness. Bitterness was associated with age and cultivation of the plant, both of which can contribute to different blends of yerba mate. Sensory analysis revealed a significant difference between 5-year-old cultivated leaves and leaves from native trees and that bitterness decreases according to the age of the plant. Chemical analysis showed that caffeine and sugar content have no influence on its bitterness. However, tannin concentration is higher in younger plants, which are considered more bitter than older plants. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Consumption of yerba mate (mate) is a social habit in South America; it is consumed as an infusion of the Ilex paraguariensis leaves. The increase of mate consumption has raised the need for the cultivation of this plant in monoculture (cultivated trees) and also the interest of the industries to standardize the flavor of beverages made with yerba mate. Bitterness is the principal sensorial difference between several mate teas, chimarrao and terere. There are several practical observations on the relation between the age of the plant and bitter taste. Nowadays, it is common to use yerba mate leaves from cultivated plants, which are considered more bitter than native plants. Tannin, caffeine and sugar are also related to the taste characteristics of yerba mate. In this work, native and cultivated yerba mate leaves from three different farms were used with the objective of explaining those relations with the taste of yerba mate.

Objective . To investigate whether formocresol, in Buckley's original formulation, is mutagenic in vivo to lymphocyte cultures obtained from the peripheral blood of children aged from 5 to 10 years old. These children were recruited from those attending the dental clinics of Recife City Council and the University of Pernambuco School of Dentistry, Brazil. Method . The sample comprised 20 children who had primary teeth with cariously exposed vital pulps. Two venous blood samples were collected (6–8 ml) from each child, the first prior to vital pulpotomy (control group) and the second 24 h after pulpotomy (treated group). This research is a case-control study. The peripheral lymphocytes were grown in a complete culture medium consisting of 78% RPMI 1640 medium (a), supplemented with streptomycin (0.01 mg/ml), penicillin (0.005 ml −1 ), 20% fetal bovine serum (b) and 2% phytohemagglutinin (c). The lymphocytes were assessed for chromosomal aberrations via a previously published method which was modified. The cytogenetic analysis was performed in a blind test, where the slides were codified by an annotator and the scorers did not know which group they were analyzing. For each sample, this envolved the analysis of 200 metaphases. The level of significance adopted in the statistical test was 5.0% ( p Results . There was no statistically significant difference in clinical doses between the control and treated groups, using Wilcoxon's Signed Ranks test, for the chromosomal aberrations ( P =0.251) and for the total chromosomal breaks ( P =0.149). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the control and treated groups, Buckley's formocresol was mutagenic for one patient, raising doubt about the desirability of its use for pulpotomies in children. Conclusion . The results revealed that, from a statistical standpoint, formocresol is not mutagenic. However, further investigations are required, preferably with a larger sample, in patients needing more than one pulpotomy in order to observe whether an increase in the quantity of the drug would increase the quantity of chromosome aberrations and also to verify individual susceptibility to chromosome alterations with the use of formocresol.

The radiation pattern of spherical-rectangular microstrip antennas is investigated using the cavity method and the electric surface current method. The thickness of the dielectric substrate and its relative permittivity are varied and the effects on the radiation pattern are analyzed.

This paper presented a full-wave analysis of a spherical rectangular microstrip antenna using method of moments, emphasizing the use of an attaching current in the modeling of the patch currents and calculation of its input impedance

This paper reports on the performance evaluation of a wedge-connector type for service-drop applications in electrical overhead lines. This connector uses a new design concept in which both components are mechanically compliant, including the wedge. The development and associated performance evaluations of the connector were carried out jointly by one of Brazil's largest power utility companies, located in the Minas Gerais state, and one of its connection systems suppliers. The paper focuses on the performance evaluation of the connector under severe test conditions using an alternative test program recommended by a Brazilian national committee for power distribution.

Background Allopurinol (ALP) and febuxostat (FBX) are indicated for the treatment of hyperuricemia due to gout. Scant real-world research has compared the economic outcomes of these agents in renally compromised patients. Objectives To compare utilization and expenditure in patients with both gout and CKD after initiating therapy with FBX and ALP. Methods Gout patients (ICD-9-CM 274.xx), aged >18, were selected from the MarketScan® databases (January 2008-December 2012) if they had evidence of CKD, stages 3-4 (ICD-9-CM 585.3 or 585.4), prior to initiating with either ALP or FBX and also met continuous enrollment criteria. Mean monthly expenditure (2012 US$) overall, gout specific (for anti-gout agents or claims with a primary gout diagnosis), and non-gout specific (all other claims) expenditures were examined during initial exposure to either agent. General linear models (gamma distribution and log-link function) were used to identify factors which significantly impacted healthcare expenditures. Results Among the 3,570 study eligible patients, 2,442 and 1,128 initiated on ALP and FBX respectively. Mean (SD) follow-up was 9.3 (3.8) months in the FBX cohort and 9.4 (3.8) months in the ALP cohort. At index, 74.1% of patients had stage 3 CKD and 21.4% had stage 4 disease. Comorbidities included hypertension (66% of the cohort), DM (41.1%). ischemic heart disease (29.2%), dyslipidemia (26.3%), HF (22.3%), OA (15.7%), and COPD (11.6%). Overall, both cohorts were equally comorbid, each with a mean (SD) Charlson Comorbidity Index of 3.9 (1.9). FBX patients had significantly higher flare rates during baseline (p Mean (SD) monthly cost per patient overall was $2,145 ($3,963) with 44% of total cost provided in the outpatient setting $941 ($1,843); 33% of cost provided in the inpatient setting $707 ($3,009) and 24% in the outpatient pharmacy setting $497 ($538). Thirty-five percent of patients had ≥1 emergency room visit. While gout specific expenditure per month was significantly (p Conclusions Patients with concurrent gout and CKD are clinically complex and were found to be resource intensive in all care settings in this study. Mean total healthcare costs were similar between groups, and mean total gout-related healthcare cost was significantly greater in patients taking FBX vs ALP. These data suggest that the higher initial cost for treatment with FBX should not be a barrier to appropriate treatment and that the choice of agent should not be based on their cost alone. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1625

Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with a number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapies but the impact of exposure to T cell (abatacept [ABA]), B-cell (rituximab [RTX]) and IL-6 (tocilizumab [TCZ]) inhibitors is unclear. Objectives To compare biologics used for RA with respect to ILD incidence and risk factors. Methods RA patients (pts) (≥1 ICD9 diagnosis of RA: 714.0 or 714.3) aged ≥18 were selected from the MarketScan® databases (January 2010-June 2012) if they had ≥ one new prescription/administration of ABA, RTX), TCZ or an anti-TNF after having discontinued a different biologic agent, met continuous enrollment criteria and did not have baseline evidence of IBD, psoriatic arthritis, axial spondylarthritis, psoriasis or cancer or ILD. The index event was defined as the first exposure to the study eligible biologic. Study outcome was the incidence of ILD. Cox proportional hazards modeling estimated the risk of ILD while adjusting for age, gender, biologic cohort, comorbidities, methotrexate and steroid exposure. A total of 4 claims-based ILD case definitions were used with varying sensitivity and specificity. Results We identified 13,296 episodes of exposure to eligible biologics (mean age [SD] 52.6 [12.5], 81.9% female) in 10,800 pts. Mean (SD) follow-up was 0.7 (0.5) years. Mean (SD) number of unique biologic agents received prior to index ranged from 1.4 (0.7) in the TNF cohort to 2.1 (1.1) in the TCZ cohort. TCZ users were significantly more likely (p Conclusions Older pts, men, and pts with a history of other pulmonary disorders or recent exposure to glucocorticoids may be at increased risk for developing ILD. There was no significant increase in the risk of ILD in pts exposed to RA biologics with newer mechanisms of actions as compared with anti-TNF therapies. Limitations of this study include short duration of follow up, lack of information in claims about disease severity, channeling of pts with pulmonary conditions to TCZ, and confounding by indication. Disclosure of Interest J. Curtis Grant/research support: NIH, AHRQ, UCB, Centocor, CORRONA, Amgen, Pfizer, BMS, Crescendo, Abbott, Genentech, Inc, Consultant for: UCB, Centocor, CORRONA, Amgen, Pfizer, BMS, Crescendo, Abbott, Genentech, Inc, K. Sarsour Employee of: Genentech, Inc, P. Napalkov Employee of: Genentech, Inc, L. Costa Employee of: Outcomes Research Solutions, Inc, K. Schulman Employee of: Outcomes Research Solutions, Inc DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4721

CEMIG-Companhia Energetica de Minas Gerais, one of the most important power utilities in Brazil, has developed a mutual technical cooperation together with ALCOA to study the use of optical cables in overhead distribution lines. CEMIG serves approximately 4.4 million of customers spread over a territory of 560,000 km2. Its activities include power generation, transmission and distribution of electrical power, with an installed capacity of 5,000 MW. Since CEMIG and other electric utilities have an adequate infrastructure of power network already installed, they could easily invest in the installation of an optical fiber system. This paper shows the construction patterns and accessories developed to use optical fibers integrated into the distribution overhead lines, as well as their application at CEMIG. (5 pages)

Carnival is one of the most important and deeply-rooted institutions of Brazilian society, and the music of Carnival reflects every aspect of the country's life, including social, economic and political tensions. The author analyzes the lyrics of songs from two recent Carnivals, that of 1984, when the military dictatorship was still in power, and that of 1986, when civilian government had returned. As might be expected, the 1984 songs are replete with biting satire at the expense of the military and the manipulation of elections. In 1986 the themes included criticism of North American influence, the external debt and the IMF, but also a celebration of Brazilian traditions such as football, love, macumba and popular theatre. The wit and satire of Carnival, in the author's view, reflect popular criticism of the system but also popular impotence: the “carnivalization of reality” is also a danger to be avoided.

This article deals with significant aspects of social change in modern Brazil and particularly with the main demographic implications. Brazil's society is changing—old patterns persist, but do not prevail; new patterns are present, but are not dominant. The social change is the result of the transition from an agrarian to an industrial economy, from a rural to an urban society, and from a parochial to a more secular way of life. Emerging social classes include an urban proleteriat, a middle class, and a bourgeoisie of merchants and industrial ists. The government is exercising great efforts to accelerate the rate of eco nomic development of the country. An important feature of Brazil's demogra phy is the high rate of natural increase in the population due mainly to the high birth rate and declining death rate, particularly in infant mortality—Ed.