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23 results on '"L. Zaccarian"'

2. Soft-Reset Control with Max-of-Quadratics Lyapunov Certificates

Author

R. Bertollo, A.R. Teel, L. Zaccarian, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale [Trento], University of Trento [Trento], Center for Control, Dynamical-Systems, and Computation [Santa Barbara] (CCDC), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Équipe Méthodes et Algorithmes en Commande (LAAS-MAC), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), and ANR-18-CE40-0010,HANDY,Systèmes Dynamiques Hybrides et en Réseau(2018)

Subjects
stability of hybrid systems, Reset control, computational methods, Control and Systems Engineering, computer-aided control design, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, hybrid systems, Computer Science Applications, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract

International audience; We further develop a novel control paradigm encoding the core behavior of a reset control system within a continuoustime feedback, described by a differential inclusion. A tuning knob allows adjusting how close the continuous-time feedback resembles the behavior of the underlying reset controller. The Lyapunov conditions that we derive naturally lead to a sum-of-squares formulation allowing for the design of max-of-quadratics Lyapunov certificates certified by polynomial multipliers. A few application examples confirm the practical effectiveness of the proposed solutions.

Published
2023
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4. Introducing a Virtualization Technology for the FTU Plasma Control System

Author

L. Fiasca, L. Boncagni, M. Panella, V. Vitale, L. Zaccarian, F. Iannone, and Cristina Centioli

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Computer science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Interface (computing), Virtualization, computer.software_genre, Extensibility, Porting, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Control theory, Virtual machine, Control system, Embedded system, General Materials Science, MATLAB, business, computer, Civil and Structural Engineering, computer.programming_language
Abstract

The Feedback control system running at FTU has been recently improved by the adoption of an Object-Oriented model, obtaining many advantages regarding the software extensibility, re-usability and testing capabilities. This new structure has been ported into a virtual environment using the QEMU processor emulator, in order to simulate, as close as possible to the hardware level, the control system behavior during the real experiment. This new approach introduces the advantage of decreasing dramatically the risks related to coding errors and operating system bugs arising at runtime, whereas it still supports the real-time control features. Moreover, the Real Time Workshop fast controller prototyping interface eliminates the model-translation related problems thanks to its automatic C code generation tools. The entire project flow is now completed: using Simulink, it is possible to design the diagram implementing a new control law, then synthesize the controller library. At this point, we can transfer the new library to the virtual machine, simulate the plasma control experiment in an open-loop configuration, and finally compare the simulation results to those from the past experiments, for a consistency check. The proposed framework is remotely managed by a new Matlab interface. After a satisfying simulation/validation of the new control model, the module can be easily transferred to the control system and hooked up to the real experiment, where it can operate in closed-loop. In this paper, we illustrate the advantages of this new approach and report on some experimental tests where the actual experimental data is compared to the simulations provided by the above-mentioned virtual environment.

Published
2009
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5. Control Systems with Input and Output Constraints [Book Review]

Author

A.R. Teel and L. Zaccarian

Subjects
Engineering, Signal design, Automatic control, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, business.industry, Modeling and Simulation, Control system, Backstepping, Control engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Actuator
Published
2005
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6. EFD-P(13)29 Shape Control with the eXtreme Shape Controller during Plasma Current Ramp-up and Ramp-down at the JET Tokamak

Author

G. De Tommasi, G. Ambrosino, M. Ariola, G. Calabro, S. Galeani, F. Maviglia, A. Pironti, F.G. Rimini, A.C.C. Sips, G. Varano, R. Vitelli, L. Zaccarian, and JET EFDA contributors

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The eXtreme Shape Controller (XSC) has been originally designed to control the plasma shape at JET during the flat-top phase, when the plasma current has a constant value. During the JET 2012 experimental campaigns, the XSC has been used to improve the shape control during the transient phases of plasma current ramp-up and ramp-down. In order to avoid the saturation of the actuators with these transient phases, a Current Limit Avoidance system (CLA) has been designed and implemented. This paper presents the experimental results achieved at JET during the 2012 campaigns using the XSC.

Published
2013
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7. A first approach to runaway electron control in FTU

Author

L. Zaccarian, Daniele Carnevale, Luca Boncagni, Daniele Marocco, C. Cianfarani, Jose Ramon Martin-Solis, Gustavo Granucci, V. Vitale, G. Pucella, G. Maddaluno, Carlo Sozzi, G. Varano, Basilio Esposito, Vitale, V., Pucella, G., Marocco, D., Maddaluno, G., Esposito, B., Cianfarani, C., and Boncagni, L.

Subjects
Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Frascati Tokamak Upgrade, Control (management), Plasma control, Runaway electrons, FTU, Electron, Nonlinear system, Runaway electron, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Plasma control system, General Materials Science, Current (fluid), Beam (structure), Beam control, Simulation, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

The Plasma Control System (PCS) of the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU) is not equipped with any runaway electron (RE) beam control or suppression tool. In this paper we propose an upgraded PCS including an architecture for the control of disruption-generated REs that, making use of filtering techniques to estimate the onsets of the current quench (CQ) and of the RE beam current plateau, provides a controlled plasma current shut-down and a simultaneous RE position control. The control strategy is based on a nonlinear technique, called Input Allocation, that allows to re-configure the current in the poloidal field (PF) coils and improve the PCS responsiveness needed for RE position control. Preliminary results on the implementation of the Input Allocation and an experimental proposal to test the control scheme architecture are discussed. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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8. The L/sub 2/ (l/sub 2/) bumpless transfer problem: its definition and solution

Author

A.R. Teel and L. Zaccarian

Subjects
Switching time, Engineering, Discrete time and continuous time, Control theory, business.industry, Transfer (computing), Minification, Ideal (ring theory), business, Transfer problem, Compensation (engineering)
Abstract

A novel characterization of bumpless transfer among alternative controllers, both in continuous and discrete time, is introduced. The bumpless transfer problem is to design a compensation scheme guaranteeing an L/sub 2/ (respectively l/sub 2/) bound on the mismatch, after the switching time from one controller to another between the actual plant output and a particular target plant output that corresponds to an ideal response. Minimization of the gain from initial plant state mismatch to L/sub 2/ (respectively, l/sub 2/) plant output mismatch provides improved transients. A solution to the bumpless transfer problem is given, based on the L/sub 2/ anti-windup solution described in Teel and Kapoor (1997) and Grimm et al. (2003), both for plants without input saturation and for plants with input saturation. The solution guarantees anti-windup features in the latter case. The proposed methodology is shown to perform well on a simulation example.

Published
2004
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9. Anti-windup, bumpless transfer and reliable designs: a model based approach

Author

A.R. Teel and L. Zaccarian

Subjects
Controllability, Engineering, business.industry, Control theory, Control system, Hardware redundancy, Linear system, Redundancy (engineering), Control engineering, business, Anti windup, Actuator saturation
Abstract

In this paper, the L/sub 2/ anti-windup approach introduced by A. R. Teel et al. (1997) is applied to the problem of bumpless transfer in (saturated) multi-controller systems, and to the problem of designing highly reliable saturated control systems exploiting hardware redundancy. We illustrate the L/sub 2/ anti-windup technique by means of a simple physical example and illustrate its application to the above mentioned problems using this example and an example taken from the literature.

Published
2001
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11. Overview of JET results

Author

F. Romanelli, F. Laxaback, I. Abel, V. Afanesyev, G. Agarici, K. M. Aggarwal, M. Airila, R. Akers, T.h. Alarcon, A. Alexeev, A. Alfier, P. Allan, S. Almaviva, A. Alonso, M. Alonso, B. Alper, H. Altmann, D. Alves, V. Amosov, G. Anda, F. Andersson, E. Andersson Sund́en, V. Andreev, Y. Andrew, M. Angelone, M. Anghel, A. Anghel, C. Angioni, G. Apruzzese, N. Arcis, P. Arena, A. Argouarch, M. Ariola, A. Armitano, R. Armstrong, G. Arnoux, S. Arshad, G. Artaserse, J. F. Artaud, A. Ash, E. Asp, O. Asunta, C. V. Atanasiu, G. Atkins, M. D. Axton, C. Ayres, A. Baciero, V. Bailescu, B. Baiocchi, R. A. Baker, I. Balboa, C. Balorin, N. Balshaw, J. W. Banks, Y. F. Baranov, D. Barbier, I. L. Barlow, M. A. Barnard, R. Barnsley, L. Barrena, L. Barrera, M. Baruzzo, V. Basiuk, G. Bateman, P. Batistoni, N. Baumgarten, L. Baylor, B. Bazylev, P. S. Beaumont, K. Beausang, M. B́ecoulet, N. Bekris, M. Beldishevski, A. C. Bell, F. Belli, M. Bellinger, P. S. A. Belo, ́.E. Belonohy, P. E. Bennett, N. A. Benterman, G. Berger By, H. Bergsåker, H. Berk, J. Bernardo, B. Bertrand, M. N. A. Beurskens, B. Bieg, B. Bienkowska, T. Biewer, T. M. Biewer, M. Bigi, R. Bilato, J. Bird, J. Bizarro, T. R. Blackman, P. Blanchard, E. Blanco, J. Blum, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, D. Boilson, I. Bolshakova, T. Bolzonella, L. Boncagni, G. Bonheure, X. Bonnin, D. Borba, A. Borthwick, A. Botrugno, C. Boulbe, F. Bouquey, C. Bourdelle, K. v. Bovert, M. Bowden, T. Boyce, H. J. Boyer, A. Bozhenkov, R. J. Brade, J. M. A. Bradshaw, J. Braet, V. Braic, G. C. Braithwaite, C. Brault, H. Braune, B. Breizman, S. Bremond, P. D. Brennan, A. Brett, J. Breue, S. Brezinsek, M. D. J. Bright, F. Briscoe, M. Brix, M. Brombin, B. C. Brown, D. P. D. Brown, A. Bruschi, J. Brzozowski, J. Bucalossi, M. A. Buckley, T. Budd, R. Budny, R. V. Budny, P. Bunting, P. Buratti, G. Burcea, P. R. Butcher, R. J. Buttery, R. Caç̃ao, G. Calabr`o, C. P. Callaghan, J. P. Caminade, P. G. Camp, D. C. Campling, J. Canik, B. Cannas, A. J. Capel, P. J. Card, A. Cardinali, T. Carlstrom, P. Carman, D. Carralero, L. Carraro, T. Carter, B. B. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, A. Casati, C. Castaldo, J. Caughman, R. Cavazzana, M. Cavinato, M. Cecconello, F. E. Cecil, A. Cenedese, C. Centioli, R. Cesario, C. D. Challis, M. Chandler, C. Chang, A. Chankin, I. T. Chapman, D. J. Child, P. Chiru, G. Chitarin, I. Chugonov, I. Chugunov, D. Ciric, F. Clairet, R. H. Clarke, R. Clay, M. Clever, J. P. Coad, P. A. Coates, V. Cocilovo, S. Coda, R. Coelho, J. Coenen, I. Coffey, L. Colas, M. Cole, S. Collins, S. Combs, J. Compan, J. E. Conboy, S. Conroy, N. Cook, S. P. Cook, D. Coombs, S. R. Cooper, Y. Corre, G. Corrigan, S. Cortes, D. Coster, G. F. Counsell, X. Courtois, M. Cox, T. Craciunescu, S. Cramp, F. Crisanti, O. Croft, K. Crombe, B. J. Crowley, N. Cruz, L. Cupido, M. Curuia, R. A. Cusack, A. Czarnecka, S. Dalley, E. T. Daly, A. Dalziel, D. Darrow, O. David, N. Davies, J. J. Davis, I. E. Day, C. Day, R. De Angelis, G. deArcas, M. R. de Baar, E. delaCal, E. de la Luna, J. L. de Pablos, G. De Temmerman, P. C. de Vries, F. Degli Agostini, E. Delabie, D. del Castillo Negrete, L. Delpech, G. Denisov, A. J. Denyer, R. F. Denyer, S. Devaux, P. Devynck, L. Di Matteo, L. DiPace, P. J. Dirken, A. Dnestrovskiy, D. Dodt, K. Dominiczak, S. E. Dorling, D. Douai, A. P. Down, P. T. Doyle, J. R. Drake, T. Dreischuh, V. Drozdov, P. Dumortier, D. Dunai, I. Duran, F. Durodíe, K. Dylst, R. Eaton, T. Edlington, A. M. Edwards, D. T. Edwards, P. K. Edwards, T.h. Eich, A. Ekedahl, T. Elevant, A. Elfimov, B. Ellingboe, C. G. Elsmore, B. Emmoth, G. Ericsson, L. G. Eriksson, A. Eriksson, B. Esposito, H. G. Esser, T. Estrada, E. A. Evangelidis, G. E. Evans, G. D. Ewart, D. T. Ewers, G. Falchetto, D. Falie, J. G. A. Fanthome, D. Farina, J. W. Farthing, A. Fasoli, B. Faugeras, N. Fedorczak, R. C. Felton, C. Fenzi, H. Fernandes, J. A. Ferreira, J. Ferreira, J. Ferron, J. A. Fessey, L. Figini, A. Figueiredo, J. Figueiredo, P. Finburg, K. H. Finken, U. Fischer, N. Fitzgerald, J. Flanagan, C. Fleming, A. Fonseca, A. D. Forbes, O. Ford, A. Formisano, D. Fraboulet, R. J. Francis, L. Frassinetti, R. Fresa, J. P. Friconneau, D. Frigione, J. C. Fuchs, K. Fullard, W. Fundamenski, M. Furno Palumbo, J. Gafert, K. Ǵal, R. Galṽao, S. Garavaglia, X. Garbet, J. Garcia, M. Gar cia Munoz, W. Gardner, P. Garibaldi, D. Garnier, L. Garzotti, M. Gatu Johnson, P. Gaudio, E. Gauthier, J. W. Gaze, D. F. Gear, J. Gedney, S. J. Gee, M. Gelfusa, E. Genangeli, S. Gerasimov, A. Geraud, T. Gerbaud, M. Gherendi, N. Ghirelli, J. C. Giacalone, L. Giacomelli, C. S. Gibson, C. Gil, S. J. Gilligan, C. G. Gimblett, D. Gin, E. Giovannozzi, C. Giroud, G. Giruzzi, S. Glowacz, J. Godwin, J. K. Goff, P. Gohil, V. Goloborod’ko, B. Gonçalves, M. Goniche, S. Gonzales, S. M. Gonźalezde Vicente, A. Goodyear, N. Gorelenkov, G. Gorini, R. Goulding, B. Graham, D. Graham, M. E. Graham, G. Granucci, J. Graves, N. R. Green, H. Greuner, E. Grigore, F. S. Griph, C. Grisolia, G. Gros, G. Grossetti, M. Groth, S. Gr̈unhagen, M. P. Gryaznevich, R. Guirlet, B. Gulejova, J. Gunn, A. Gupta, P. Guzdar, P. Hacek, L. J. Hackett, S. Hacquin, B. Haist, A. Hakola, S. J. Hall, S. P. HallworthCook, D. T. Hamilton, H. Han, R. C. Handley, S. Harding, J. D. W. Harling, D. Harting, M. J. Harvey, T. D. V. Haupt, E. Havlickova, N. C. Hawkes, R. Hawryluk, J. H. Hay, N. Hayashi, P. W. Haydon, I. R. Hayward, S. Hazel, P. J. L. Heesterman, W. Heidbrink, J. Heikkinen, C. Hellesen, T. Hellsten, O. N. Hemming, T. C. Hender, M. Henderson, C. Hennig, V. Hennion, C. Hidalgo, S. Higashijima, J. W. Hill, M. Hill, K. Hill, J. Hillairet, D. Hillis, T. Hirai, M. Hitchin, J. Hobirk, C. Hogan, C. H. A. Hogben, G. M. D. Hogeweij, I. C. Hollingham, R. Holyaka, D. A. Homfray, G. Honeyands, S. H. Hong, C. Hopf, B. A. Horn, A. R. Horton, L. D. Horton, S. P. Hotchin, M. R. Hough, W. Houlberg, D. F. Howell, M. Hron, A. Huber, T. M. Huddleston, Z. Hudson, M. Hughes, M. Ḧuhnerbein, C. C. Hume, A. J. Hunt, C. L. Hunter, T. S. Hutchinson, S. Huygen, G. Huysmans, V. Hyn̈onen, S. Ide, R. Igreja, C. Illescas, F. Imbeaux, D. Ivanova, E. Ivings, S. Jachmich, G. Jackson, P. Jacquet, K. Jakubowska, M. Jakubowski, P. V. James, R. J. E. Jaspers, S. Jednorog, I. Jenkins, M. A. C. Jennison, C. Jeskins, O. Jin Kwon, E. Joffrin, M. F. Johnson, R. Johnson, T. Johnson, D. Jolovic, V. Jonauskas, E. M. Jones, G. Jones, H. D. Jones, T. T. C. Jones, M. Jouvet, C. Juṕen, I. Kachtchouk, J. Kaczmarczyk, A. Kallenbach, J. K̈allne, D. Kalupin, S. Ḱalvin, G. Kamelander, R. Kamendje, A. Kappatou, S. Karttunen, W. Kasparek, I. Katramados, M. Kaufmann, G. Kaveney, A. S. Kaye, M. J. Kear, D. L. Keeling, D. Kelliher, M. Kempenaars, P. Khilar, N. G. Kidd, M. Kiisk, K. M. Kim, R. F. King, D. J. Kinna, V. Kiptily, G. Kirnev, N. Kirneva, K. Kirov, A. Kirschner, R. Kisielius, D. Kislov, G. Kiss, T. Kiviniemi, G. Kizane, A. Klein, A. Klix, M. Knaup, K. Kneuper, H. Kneupner, P. J. Knight, S. J. Knipe, M. Kocan, F. K̈ochl, G. Kocsis, C. Konz, T. Koppitz, A. Korotkov, H. R. Koslowski, V. Kotov, M. D. Kovari, K. Kovarik, G. Kramer, A. Krasilnikov, V. Krasilnikov, S. Kraus, A. Kreter, K. Krieger, A. Kritz, Y. Krivchenkov, U. Kruezi, M. Krychowiak, S. Krylov, I. Ksiazek, M. Kubic, S. Kuhn, W. K̈uhnlein, T. Kurki Suonio, A. Kurowski, B. Kuteev, A. Kuyanov, R. La Haye, M. Laan, C. Labate, A. Lachichi, N. Lam, P. Lang, M. T. Large, I. Lassiwe, J. R. Last, K. D. Lawson, M. Laxåback, R. A. Layne, E. Lazzaro, F. LeGuern, B. LeBlanc, H. J. Leggate, M. Lehnen, M. Leigheb, I. Lengar, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, C. N. Lescure, Y. Li, A. Li Puma, Y. Liang, J. Likonen, Y. Lin, J. Linke, S. A. Linstead, B. Lipshultz, X. Litaudon, A. G. Litvak, Y. Liu, T. Loarer, A. Loarte, R. C. Lobel, P. J. Lomas, F. D. Long, J. L̈onnroth, D. J. Looker, J. Lopez, P.h. Lotte, M. J. Loughlin, A. B. Loving, C. Lowry, T. Luce, R. M. A. Lucock, A. Lukanitsa, A. M. Lungu, C. P. Lungu, A. Lyssoivan, P. Macheta, A. S. Mackenzie, M. Macrae, G. Maddaluno, G. P. Maddison, J. Madsen, P. Maget, C. Maggi, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, M. Makowski, C. J. Manning, M. Mansfield, M. E. Manso, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, M. Maraschek, C. Marchetto, M. A. Marchitti, M. Mardenfeld, J. L. Marechal, M. Marinelli, A. Marinoni, M. Marinucci, J. M̈arki, D. Marocco, C. A. Marren, D. Martin, D. L. Martin, G. Martin, Y. Martin, J. R. Mart́ın Soĺıs, K. Masaki, A. Masiello, M. Maslov, C. Maszl, A. Matilal, M. Mattei, G. F. Matthews, F. Maviglia, C. R. May, M. Mayer, M. L. Mayoral, D. Mazon, C. Mazzotta, E. Mazzucato, P. McCarthy, K. G. McClements, K. McCormick, P. A. McCullen, D. McCune, D. C. McDonald, R. Mcgregor, J. P. Mckivitt, A. Meakins, F. Medina, A. G. Meigs, M. Menard, L. Meneses, S. Menmuir, I. R. Merrigan, P.h. Mertens, A. Messiaen, H. Meyer, M. Miele, P. Migliucci, A. G. Miller, S. F. Mills, J. J. Milnes, K. Min Kim, T. Mindham, F. Mirizzi, E. Mirones, M. Mironov, R. Mitteau, J. Mlynar, P. Mollard, I. Monakhov, P. Monier Garbet, R. Mooney, S. Moradi, D. Moreau, P.h. Moreau, L. Moreira, A. Morgan, P. D. Morgan, C. Morlock, A. Moro, A. W. Morris, G. L. Mort, C. Mrozek, A. Mueck, H. W. M̈uller, M. Murakami, A. Murari, I. Mustata, F. Nabais, E. Nardon, G. Nash, V. Naulin, M. F. F. Nave, R. Nazikian, I. Nedzelski, C. R. Negus, J. D. Neilson, A. Neto, R. Neu, O. Neubauer, G. J. Newbert, M. Newman, K. J. Nicholls, A. Nicolai, L. Nicolas, P. Nieckchen, P. Nielsen, A. H. Nielsen, S. K. Nielsen, G. Nielson, J. Nieto, M. P. S. Nightingale, C. Noble, M. Nocente, M. Nora, H. Nordman, M. Norman, J. M. Noterdaeme, S. Nowak, I. Nunes, F. Ognissanto, T. O’Gorman, S. Olariu, A. Oleynikov, M. O’Mullane, J. Ongena, F. Orsitto, O. I. Oswuigwe, M. Ottaviani, N. Oyama, D. Pacella, K. Paget, S. Palazzo, J. Pamela, S. Pamela, R. Panek, L. Pangione, A. Panin, T.h. Panis, A. Pankin, A. Pantea, V. Parail, T.h. Parisot, A. Parkin, A. Parsloe, B. T. Parsons, R. Pasqualotto, P. Pastor, R. Paterson, M. K. Paul, D. Peach, R. J. H. Pearce, B. J. Pearson, I. J. Pearson, L. C. Pedrick, M. A. Pedrosa, B. Pegourie, R. Pereira, E. Perelli Cippo, G. Pereverzev, A. Perevezentsev, C.h. PerezvonThun, V. Pericoli Ridolfini, A. Perona, Y. Perrot, S. Peruzzo, S. Peschanyy, G. Petravich, L. Petrizzi, V. Petrov, V. Petrzilka, V. Philipps, G. Piazza, F. Piccolo, A. Pietropaolo, M. Pillon, S. D. Pinches, T. Pinna, G. Pintsuk, P. Piovesan, F. Pisano, R. Pitts, B. Plaum, V. Plyusnin, M. Polasik, F. M. Poli, N. Pomaro, O. Pompilian, L. Poncet, P. J. Pool, S. Popovichev, F. Porcelli, M. T. Porfiri, C. Portafaix, A. Pospieszczyk, G. Possnert, G. Prestopino, P. Prior, R. Prokopowicz, I. Proverbio, R. Pugno, M. E. Puiatti, K. Purahoo, V. Pustovitov, T.h. P̈utterich, D. P̈uttmann Kneupner, E. Rachlew, R. Rademaker, T. Rafiq, M. S. J. Rainford, G. Ramogida, K. Rantam̈aki, J. Rapp, J. J. Rasmussen, G. Ratt́a, G. Ravera, M. Reich, R. Reichle, D. Reiser, R. Reiss, D. Reiter, D. Rendell, C. Reux, G. Rewoldt, T. T. Ribeiro, V. Riccardo, D. Richards, F. Rigollet, F. G. Rimini, L. Rios, M. Riva, J. E. C. Roberts, R. J. Robins, D. S. Robinson, S. A. Robinson, D. W. Robson, H. Roche, M. R̈odig, N. Rodionov, V. Rohde, A. Rolfe, M. Romanelli, A. Romano, J. Romero, E. Ronchi, S. Rosanvallon, C.h. Roux, S. Rowe, M. Rubel, L. Ruchko, M. Ruiz, C. Ruset, M. Russell, A. Ruth, L. Ryc, A. Rydzy, F. Ryter, J. Rzadkiewicz, S. Saarelma, F. Sabathier, R. Sabot, S. Sadakov, P. Sagar, G. Saibene, A. Saille, F. Saint Laurent, A. Salmi, R. Salomaa, F. Salzedas, U. Samm, P. Sanchez, S. Sanders, S. G. Sanders, G. Sandford, K. Sandland, P. Sandquist, D. E. G. Sands, M. I. K. Santala, F. Sartori, R. Sartori, O. Sauter, A. Savelyev, A. Savtchkov, S. C. Scales, A. Scarabosio, N. Schaefer, C.h. Schlatter, V. Schmidt, A. Schmidt, O. Schmitz, S. Schmuck, M. Schneider, M. Scholz, K. Scḧopf, B. Schweer, J. Schweinzer, B. Scott, M. Seki, L. Semeraro, A. Semerok, G. Sergienko, F. Serra, M. Sertoli, M. M. J. Shannon, S. E. Sharapov, S. R. Shaw, A. Shevelev, R. Sievering, C. A. Silva, P. A. Simmons, A. Simonetto, D. Simpson, S. Sipila, A. C. C. Sips, A. Sirinelli, H. Sj̈ostrand, D. Skopintsev, K. S.l.a.b.k.o.w.s.k.a., P. G. Smith, J. Snipes, L. Snoj, S. Snyder, S. Soare, E. R. Solano, S. Soldatov, A. Soleto, W. Solomon, C. Soltane, P. Sonato, A. Sopplesa, A. Sorrentino, J. Sousa, C. B. C. Sowden, C. Sozzi, P. Sp̈ah, T. Spelzini, J. Spence, F. Spineanu, P. Spuig, A. Sẗabler, R. D. Stagg, M. F. Stamp, V. Stancalie, P. Stangeby, C. Stan Sion, D. E. Starkey, M. J. Stead, A. V. Stephen, A. L. Stevens, J. Stober, R. B. Stokes, D. Stork, D. Stoyanov, J. Strachan, P. Strand, M. Stransky, D. Strauss, D. Strintzi, W. Studholme, Y. SuNa, F. Subba, H. P. Summers, Y. Sun, C. Surdu Bob, E. Surrey, D. J. Sutton, J. Svensson, D. Swain, B. D. Syme, I. D. Symonds, T. Szepesi, A. Szydlowski, F. Tabares, V. Takalo, H. Takenaga, T. Tala, A. R. Talbot, C. Taliercio, C. Tame, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, L. Taroni, G. Telesca, A. Terra, A. O. Terrington, D. Testa, J. M. Theis, J. D. Thomas, P. D. Thomas, P. R. Thomas, V. K. Thompson, H. Thomsen, C. Thomser, A. Thyagaraja, P. A. Tigwell, I. Tiseanu, R. Tivey, J. M. Todd, T. N. Todd, M. Z. Tokar, S. Tosti, P. Trabuc, J. M. Travere, W. Treutterer, P. Trimble, A. Trkov, E. Trukhina, M. Tsalas, H. Tsige Tamirat, E. Tsitrone, D. Tskhakaya jun, O. Tudisco, S. Tugarinov, M. M. Turner, G. Turri, S. G. J. Tyrrell, N. Umeda, B. Unterberg, H. Urano, A. J. Urquhart, I. Uytdenhouwen, A. Vaccaro, A. P. Vadgama, G. Vagliasindi, D. Valcarcel, M. Valisa, J. Vallory, M. Valovic, D. Van Eester, B. van Milligen, G. J. van Rooij, C. A. F. Varandas, S. Vartanian, V. Vdovin, J. Vega, G. Verdoolaege, J. M. Verger, L. Vermare, C. Verona, T.h. Versloot, M. Vervier, J. Vicente, S. Villari, E. Villedieu, F. Villone, J. E. Vince, G. J. Vine, B. Viola, E. Vitale, R. Vitelli, M. Vlad, I. Voitsekhovitch, M. Vrancken, K. Vulliez, C. W. F. Waldon, M. Walker, M. J. Walsh, J. Waterhouse, M. L. Watkins, M. J. Watson, T. Wauters, M. W. Way, C. R. Webb, J. Weiland, H. Weisen, M. Weiszflog, R. Wenninger, A. T. West, J. M. Weulersse, B. Weyssow, M. R. Wheatley, A. D. Whiteford, A. M. Whitehead, A. G. Whitehurst, A. M. Widdowson, R. C. Wieggers, C. Wiegmann, S. Wiesen, A. Wilson, D. Wilson, D. J. Wilson, H. R. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, D. M. Witts, R. C. Wolf, J. Wolowski, P. Woscov, G. M. Wright, J. Wright, G. S. Xu, V. Yavorskij, V. Yerashok, J. Yorkshades, C. Young, D. Young, I. D. Young, X. Yuhong, L. Zabeo, A. Zabolotsky, L. Zaccarian, R. Zagorski, F. S. Zaitsev, S. Zajac, L. Zakharov, R. Zanino, V. Zaroschi, K. D. Zastrow, I. Zatz, B. Zefran, W. Zeidner, M. Zerbini, T. Zhang, Y. Zhu, E. Zilli, O. Zimmermann, V. Zoita, S. Zoletnik, W. Zwingman, JET EFDA Contributors, ALBANESE, Raffaele, AMBROSINO, GIUSEPPE, BELLIZIO, TERESA, CARANNANTE, GIUSEPPE, COCCORESE, VINCENZO, DE TOMMASI, GIANMARIA, MIANO, GIOVANNI, PIRONTI, ALFREDO, QUERCIA, ANTONIO, RUBINACCI, GUGLIELMO, J., Pamela, EMILIA R., Solano, AND JET EFDA, Contributor, J. M., Adam, G., Agarici, M., Agarici, H., Akhter, Albanese, Raffaele, Romanelli, F., Laxaback, F., Abel, I., Afanesyev, V., Agarici, G., Aggarwal, K. M., Airila, M., Akers, R., Alarcon, T. h., Alexeev, A., Alfier, A., Allan, P., Almaviva, S., Alonso, A., Alonso, M., Alper, B., Altmann, H., Alves, D., Ambrosino, Giuseppe, Amosov, V., Anda, G., Andersson, F., Andersson Sund́en, E., Andreev, V., Andrew, Y., Angelone, M., Anghel, M., Anghel, A., Angioni, C., Apruzzese, G., Arcis, N., Arena, P., Argouarch, A., Ariola, M., Armitano, A., Armstrong, R., Arnoux, G., Arshad, S., Artaserse, G., Artaud, J. F., Ash, A., Asp, E., Asunta, O., Atanasiu, C. V., Atkins, G., Axton, M. D., Ayres, C., Baciero, A., Bailescu, V., Baiocchi, B., Baker, R. A., Balboa, I., Balorin, C., Balshaw, N., Banks, J. W., Baranov, Y. F., Barbier, D., Barlow, I. L., Barnard, M. A., Barnsley, R., Barrena, L., Barrera, L., Baruzzo, M., Basiuk, V., Bateman, G., Batistoni, P., Baumgarten, N., Baylor, L., Bazylev, B., Beaumont, P. S., Beausang, K., B́ecoulet, M., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Bell, A. C., Belli, F., Bellinger, M., Bellizio, Teresa, Belo, P. S. A., Belonohy, ́. E., Bennett, P. E., Benterman, N. A., Berger By, G., Bergsåker, H., Berk, H., Bernardo, J., Bertrand, B., Beurskens, M. N. A., Bieg, B., Bienkowska, B., Biewer, T., Biewer, T. M., Bigi, M., Bilato, R., Bird, J., Bizarro, J., Blackman, T. R., Blanchard, P., Blanco, E., Blum, J., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Boilson, D., Bolshakova, I., Bolzonella, T., Boncagni, L., Bonheure, G., Bonnin, X., Borba, D., Borthwick, A., Botrugno, A., Boulbe, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bovert, K. v., Bowden, M., Boyce, T., Boyer, H. J., Bozhenkov, A., Brade, R. J., Bradshaw, J. M. A., Braet, J., Braic, V., Braithwaite, G. C., Brault, C., Braune, H., Breizman, B., Bremond, S., Brennan, P. D., Brett, A., Breue, J., Brezinsek, S., Bright, M. D. J., Briscoe, F., Brix, M., Brombin, M., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. P. D., Bruschi, A., Brzozowski, J., Bucalossi, J., Buckley, M. A., Budd, T., Budny, R., Budny, R. V., Bunting, P., Buratti, P., Burcea, G., Butcher, P. R., Buttery, R. J., Caç̃ao, R., Calabr`o, G., Callaghan, C. P., Caminade, J. P., Camp, P. G., Campling, D. C., Canik, J., Cannas, B., Capel, A. J., Carannante, Giuseppe, Card, P. J., Cardinali, A., Carlstrom, T., Carman, P., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carter, T., Carvalho, B. B., Carvalho, P., Casati, A., Castaldo, C., Caughman, J., Cavazzana, R., Cavinato, M., Cecconello, M., Cecil, F. E., Cenedese, A., Centioli, C., Cesario, R., Challis, C. D., Chandler, M., Chang, C., Chankin, A., Chapman, I. T., Child, D. J., Chiru, P., Chitarin, G., Chugonov, I., Chugunov, I., Ciric, D., Clairet, F., Clarke, R. H., Clay, R., Clever, M., Coad, J. P., Coates, P. A., Coccorese, Vincenzo, Cocilovo, V., Coda, S., Coelho, R., Coenen, J., Coffey, I., Colas, L., Cole, M., Collins, S., Combs, S., Compan, J., Conboy, J. E., Conroy, S., Cook, N., Cook, S. P., Coombs, D., Cooper, S. R., Corre, Y., Corrigan, G., Cortes, S., Coster, D., Counsell, G. F., Courtois, X., Cox, M., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crisanti, F., Croft, O., Crombe, K., Crowley, B. J., Cruz, N., Cupido, L., Curuia, M., Cusack, R. A., Czarnecka, A., Dalley, S., Daly, E. T., Dalziel, A., Darrow, D., David, O., Davies, N., Davis, J. J., Day, I. E., Day, C., De Angelis, R., Dearcas, G., de Baar, M. R., Delacal, E., de la Luna, E., de Pablos, J. L., De Temmerman, G., DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, de Vries, P. C., Degli Agostini, F., Delabie, E., del Castillo Negrete, D., Delpech, L., Denisov, G., Denyer, A. J., Denyer, R. F., Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Di Matteo, L., Dipace, L., Dirken, P. J., Dnestrovskiy, A., Dodt, D., Dominiczak, K., Dorling, S. E., Douai, D., Down, A. P., Doyle, P. T., Drake, J. R., Dreischuh, T., Drozdov, V., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Duran, I., Durodíe, F., Dylst, K., Eaton, R., Edlington, T., Edwards, A. M., Edwards, D. T., Edwards, P. K., Eich, T. h., Ekedahl, A., Elevant, T., Elfimov, A., Ellingboe, B., Elsmore, C. G., Emmoth, B., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, L. G., Eriksson, A., Esposito, B., Esser, H. G., Estrada, T., Evangelidis, E. A., Evans, G. E., Ewart, G. D., Ewers, D. T., Falchetto, G., Falie, D., Fanthome, J. G. A., Farina, D., Farthing, J. W., Fasoli, A., Faugeras, B., Fedorczak, N., Felton, R. C., Fenzi, C., Fernandes, H., Ferreira, J. A., Ferreira, J., Ferron, J., Fessey, J. A., Figini, L., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Finburg, P., Finken, K. H., Fischer, U., Fitzgerald, N., Flanagan, J., Fleming, C., Fonseca, A., Forbes, A. D., Ford, O., Formisano, A., Fraboulet, D., Francis, R. J., Frassinetti, L., Fresa, R., Friconneau, J. P., Frigione, D., Fuchs, J. C., Fullard, K., Fundamenski, W., Furno Palumbo, M., Gafert, J., Ǵal, K., Galṽao, R., Garavaglia, S., Garbet, X., Garcia, J., Gar cia Munoz, M., Gardner, W., Garibaldi, P., Garnier, D., Garzotti, L., Gatu Johnson, M., Gaudio, P., Gauthier, E., Gaze, J. W., Gear, D. F., Gedney, J., Gee, S. J., Gelfusa, M., Genangeli, E., Gerasimov, S., Geraud, A., Gerbaud, T., Gherendi, M., Ghirelli, N., Giacalone, J. C., Giacomelli, L., Gibson, C. S., Gil, C., Gilligan, S. J., Gimblett, C. G., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Giruzzi, G., Glowacz, S., Godwin, J., Goff, J. K., Gohil, P., Goloborod’Ko, V., Gonçalves, B., Goniche, M., Gonzales, S., Gonźalezde Vicente, S. M., Goodyear, A., Gorelenkov, N., Gorini, G., Goulding, R., Graham, B., Graham, D., Graham, M. E., Granucci, G., Graves, J., Green, N. R., Greuner, H., Grigore, E., Griph, F. S., Grisolia, C., Gros, G., Grossetti, G., Groth, M., Gr̈unhagen, S., Gryaznevich, M. P., Guirlet, R., Gulejova, B., Gunn, J., Gupta, A., Guzdar, P., Hacek, P., Hackett, L. J., Hacquin, S., Haist, B., Hakola, A., Hall, S. J., Hallworthcook, S. P., Hamilton, D. T., Han, H., Handley, R. C., Harding, S., Harling, J. D. W., Harting, D., Harvey, M. J., Haupt, T. D. V., Havlickova, E., Hawkes, N. C., Hawryluk, R., Hay, J. H., Hayashi, N., Haydon, P. W., Hayward, I. R., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P. J. L., Heidbrink, W., Heikkinen, J., Hellesen, C., Hellsten, T., Hemming, O. N., Hender, T. C., Henderson, M., Hennig, C., Hennion, V., Hidalgo, C., Higashijima, S., Hill, J. W., Hill, M., Hill, K., Hillairet, J., Hillis, D., Hirai, T., Hitchin, M., Hobirk, J., Hogan, C., Hogben, C. H. A., Hogeweij, G. M. D., Hollingham, I. C., Holyaka, R., Homfray, D. A., Honeyands, G., Hong, S. H., Hopf, C., Horn, B. A., Horton, A. R., Horton, L. D., Hotchin, S. P., Hough, M. R., Houlberg, W., Howell, D. F., Hron, M., Huber, A., Huddleston, T. M., Hudson, Z., Hughes, M., Ḧuhnerbein, M., Hume, C. C., Hunt, A. J., Hunter, C. L., Hutchinson, T. S., Huygen, S., Huysmans, G., Hyn̈onen, V., Ide, S., Igreja, R., Illescas, C., Imbeaux, F., Ivanova, D., Ivings, E., Jachmich, S., Jackson, G., Jacquet, P., Jakubowska, K., Jakubowski, M., James, P. V., Jaspers, R. J. E., Jednorog, S., Jenkins, I., Jennison, M. A. C., Jeskins, C., Jin Kwon, O., Joffrin, E., Johnson, M. F., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Jolovic, D., Jonauskas, V., Jones, E. M., Jones, G., Jones, H. D., Jones, T. T. C., Jouvet, M., Juṕen, C., Kachtchouk, I., Kaczmarczyk, J., Kallenbach, A., K̈allne, J., Kalupin, D., Ḱalvin, S., Kamelander, G., Kamendje, R., Kappatou, A., Karttunen, S., Kasparek, W., Katramados, I., Kaufmann, M., Kaveney, G., Kaye, A. S., Kear, M. J., Keeling, D. L., Kelliher, D., Kempenaars, M., Khilar, P., Kidd, N. G., Kiisk, M., Kim, K. M., King, R. F., Kinna, D. J., Kiptily, V., Kirnev, G., Kirneva, N., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., Kisielius, R., Kislov, D., Kiss, G., Kiviniemi, T., Kizane, G., Klein, A., Klix, A., Knaup, M., Kneuper, K., Kneupner, H., Knight, P. J., Knipe, S. J., Kocan, M., K̈ochl, F., Kocsis, G., Konz, C., Koppitz, T., Korotkov, A., Koslowski, H. R., Kotov, V., Kovari, M. D., Kovarik, K., Kramer, G., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kraus, S., Kreter, A., Krieger, K., Kritz, A., Krivchenkov, Y., Kruezi, U., Krychowiak, M., Krylov, S., Ksiazek, I., Kubic, M., Kuhn, S., K̈uhnlein, W., Kurki Suonio, T., Kurowski, A., Kuteev, B., Kuyanov, A., La Haye, R., Laan, M., Labate, C., Lachichi, A., Lam, N., Lang, P., Large, M. T., Lassiwe, I., Last, J. R., Lawson, K. D., Laxåback, M., Layne, R. A., Lazzaro, E., Leguern, F., Leblanc, B., Leggate, H. J., Lehnen, M., Leigheb, M., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Lerche, E., Lescure, C. N., Li, Y., Li Puma, A., Liang, Y., Likonen, J., Lin, Y., Linke, J., Linstead, S. A., Lipshultz, B., Litaudon, X., Litvak, A. G., Liu, Y., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R. C., Lomas, P. J., Long, F. D., L̈onnroth, J., Looker, D. J., Lopez, J., Lotte, P. h., Loughlin, M. J., Loving, A. B., Lowry, C., Luce, T., Lucock, R. M. A., Lukanitsa, A., Lungu, A. M., Lungu, C. P., Lyssoivan, A., Macheta, P., Mackenzie, A. S., Macrae, M., Maddaluno, G., Maddison, G. P., Madsen, J., Maget, P., Maggi, C., Maier, H., Mailloux, J., Makowski, M., Manning, C. J., Mansfield, M., Manso, M. E., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Maraschek, M., Marchetto, C., Marchitti, M. A., Mardenfeld, M., Marechal, J. L., Marinelli, M., Marinoni, A., Marinucci, M., M̈arki, J., Marocco, D., Marren, C. A., Martin, D., Martin, D. L., Martin, G., Martin, Y., Mart́ın Soĺıs, J. R., Masaki, K., Masiello, A., Maslov, M., Maszl, C., Matilal, A., Mattei, M., Matthews, G. F., Maviglia, F., May, C. R., Mayer, M., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., Mazzotta, C., Mazzucato, E., Mccarthy, P., Mcclements, K. G., Mccormick, K., Mccullen, P. A., Mccune, D., Mcdonald, D. C., Mcgregor, R., Mckivitt, J. P., Meakins, A., Medina, F., Meigs, A. G., Menard, M., Meneses, L., Menmuir, S., Merrigan, I. R., Mertens, P. h., Messiaen, A., Meyer, H., Miano, Giovanni, Miele, M., Migliucci, P., Miller, A. G., Mills, S. F., Milnes, J. J., Min Kim, K., Mindham, T., Mirizzi, F., Mirones, E., Mironov, M., Mitteau, R., Mlynar, J., Mollard, P., Monakhov, I., Monier Garbet, P., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Moreau, D., Moreau, P. h., Moreira, L., Morgan, A., Morgan, P. D., Morlock, C., Moro, A., Morris, A. W., Mort, G. L., Mrozek, C., Mueck, A., M̈uller, H. W., Murakami, M., Murari, A., Mustata, I., Nabais, F., Nardon, E., Nash, G., Naulin, V., Nave, M. F. F., Nazikian, R., Nedzelski, I., Negus, C. R., Neilson, J. D., Neto, A., Neu, R., Neubauer, O., Newbert, G. J., Newman, M., Nicholls, K. J., Nicolai, A., Nicolas, L., Nieckchen, P., Nielsen, P., Nielsen, A. H., Nielsen, S. K., Nielson, G., Nieto, J., Nightingale, M. P. S., Noble, C., Nocente, M., Nora, M., Nordman, H., Norman, M., Noterdaeme, J. M., Nowak, S., Nunes, I., Ognissanto, F., O’Gorman, T., Olariu, S., Oleynikov, A., O’Mullane, M., Ongena, J., Orsitto, F., Oswuigwe, O. I., Ottaviani, M., Oyama, N., Pacella, D., Paget, K., Palazzo, S., Pamela, J., Pamela, S., Panek, R., Pangione, L., Panin, A., Panis, T. h., Pankin, A., Pantea, A., Parail, V., Parisot, T. h., Parkin, A., Parsloe, A., Parsons, B. T., Pasqualotto, R., Pastor, P., Paterson, R., Paul, M. K., Peach, D., Pearce, R. J. H., Pearson, B. J., Pearson, I. J., Pedrick, L. C., Pedrosa, M. A., Pegourie, B., Pereira, R., Perelli Cippo, E., Pereverzev, G., Perevezentsev, A., Perezvonthun, C. h., Pericoli Ridolfini, V., Perona, A., Perrot, Y., Peruzzo, S., Peschanyy, S., Petravich, G., Petrizzi, L., Petrov, V., Petrzilka, V., Philipps, V., Piazza, G., Piccolo, F., Pietropaolo, A., Pillon, M., Pinches, S. D., Pinna, T., Pintsuk, G., Piovesan, P., Pironti, Alfredo, Pisano, F., Pitts, R., Plaum, B., Plyusnin, V., Polasik, M., Poli, F. M., Pomaro, N., Pompilian, O., Poncet, L., Pool, P. J., Popovichev, S., Porcelli, F., Porfiri, M. T., Portafaix, C., Pospieszczyk, A., Possnert, G., Prestopino, G., Prior, P., Prokopowicz, R., Proverbio, I., Pugno, R., Puiatti, M. E., Purahoo, K., Pustovitov, V., P̈utterich, T. h., P̈uttmann Kneupner, D., Quercia, Antonio, Rachlew, E., Rademaker, R., Rafiq, T., Rainford, M. S. J., Ramogida, G., Rantam̈aki, K., Rapp, J., Rasmussen, J. J., Ratt́a, G., Ravera, G., Reich, M., Reichle, R., Reiser, D., Reiss, R., Reiter, D., Rendell, D., Reux, C., Rewoldt, G., Ribeiro, T. T., Riccardo, V., Richards, D., Rigollet, F., Rimini, F. G., Rios, L., Riva, M., Roberts, J. E. C., Robins, R. J., Robinson, D. S., Robinson, S. A., Robson, D. W., Roche, H., R̈odig, M., Rodionov, N., Rohde, V., Rolfe, A., Romanelli, M., Romano, A., Romero, J., Ronchi, E., Rosanvallon, S., Roux, C. h., Rowe, S., Rubel, M., Rubinacci, Guglielmo, Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruset, C., Russell, M., Ruth, A., Ryc, L., Rydzy, A., Ryter, F., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Sabathier, F., Sabot, R., Sadakov, S., Sagar, P., Saibene, G., Saille, A., Saint Laurent, F., Salmi, A., Salomaa, R., Salzedas, F., Samm, U., Sanchez, P., Sanders, S., Sanders, S. G., Sandford, G., Sandland, K., Sandquist, P., Sands, D. E. G., Santala, M. I. K., Sartori, F., Sartori, R., Sauter, O., Savelyev, A., Savtchkov, A., Scales, S. C., Scarabosio, A., Schaefer, N., Schlatter, C. h., Schmidt, V., Schmidt, A., Schmitz, O., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Scholz, M., Scḧopf, K., Schweer, B., Schweinzer, J., Scott, B., Seki, M., Semeraro, L., Semerok, A., Sergienko, G., Serra, F., Sertoli, M., Shannon, M. M. J., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, S. R., Shevelev, A., Sievering, R., Silva, C. A., Simmons, P. A., Simonetto, A., Simpson, D., Sipila, S., Sips, A. C. C., Sirinelli, A., Sj̈ostrand, H., Skopintsev, D., K. S. l. a. b. k. o. w. s. k. a., Smith, P. G., Snipes, J., Snoj, L., Snyder, S., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Soldatov, S., Soleto, A., Solomon, W., Soltane, C., Sonato, P., Sopplesa, A., Sorrentino, A., Sousa, J., Sowden, C. B. C., Sozzi, C., Sp̈ah, P., Spelzini, T., Spence, J., Spineanu, F., Spuig, P., Sẗabler, A., Stagg, R. D., Stamp, M. F., Stancalie, V., Stangeby, P., Stan Sion, C., Starkey, D. E., Stead, M. J., Stephen, A. V., Stevens, A. L., Stober, J., Stokes, R. B., Stork, D., Stoyanov, D., Strachan, J., Strand, P., Stransky, M., Strauss, D., Strintzi, D., Studholme, W., Suna, Y., Subba, F., Summers, H. P., Sun, Y., Surdu Bob, C., Surrey, E., Sutton, D. J., Svensson, J., Swain, D., Syme, B. D., Symonds, I. D., Szepesi, T., Szydlowski, A., Tabares, F., Takalo, V., Takenaga, H., Tala, T., Talbot, A. R., Taliercio, C., Tame, C., Tardini, G., Tardocchi, M., Taroni, L., Telesca, G., Terra, A., Terrington, A. O., Testa, D., Theis, J. M., Thomas, J. D., Thomas, P. D., Thomas, P. R., Thompson, V. K., Thomsen, H., Thomser, C., Thyagaraja, A., Tigwell, P. A., Tiseanu, I., Tivey, R., Todd, J. M., Todd, T. N., Tokar, M. Z., Tosti, S., Trabuc, P., Travere, J. M., Treutterer, W., Trimble, P., Trkov, A., Trukhina, E., Tsalas, M., Tsige Tamirat, H., Tsitrone, E., Tskhakaya jun, D., Tudisco, O., Tugarinov, S., Turner, M. M., Turri, G., Tyrrell, S. G. J., Umeda, N., Unterberg, B., Urano, H., Urquhart, A. J., Uytdenhouwen, I., Vaccaro, A., Vadgama, A. P., Vagliasindi, G., Valcarcel, D., Valisa, M., Vallory, J., Valovic, M., Van Eester, D., van Milligen, B., van Rooij, G. J., Varandas, C. A. F., Vartanian, S., Vdovin, V., Vega, J., Verdoolaege, G., Verger, J. M., Vermare, L., Verona, C., Versloot, T. h., Vervier, M., Vicente, J., Villari, S., Villedieu, E., Villone, F., Vince, J. E., Vine, G. J., Viola, B., Vitale, E., Vitelli, R., Vlad, M., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vrancken, M., Vulliez, K., Waldon, C. W. F., Walker, M., Walsh, M. J., Waterhouse, J., Watkins, M. L., Watson, M. J., Wauters, T., Way, M. W., Webb, C. R., Weiland, J., Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Wenninger, R., West, A. T., Weulersse, J. M., Weyssow, B., Wheatley, M. R., Whiteford, A. D., Whitehead, A. M., Whitehurst, A. G., Widdowson, A. M., Wieggers, R. C., Wiegmann, C., Wiesen, S., Wilson, A., Wilson, D., Wilson, D. J., Wilson, H. R., Wischmeier, M., Witts, D. M., Wolf, R. C., Wolowski, J., Woscov, P., Wright, G. M., Wright, J., G. S., Xu, Yavorskij, V., Yerashok, V., Yorkshades, J., Young, C., Young, D., Young, I. D., Yuhong, X., Zabeo, L., Zabolotsky, A., Zaccarian, L., Zagorski, R., Zaitsev, F. S., Zajac, S., Zakharov, L., Zanino, R., Zaroschi, V., Zastrow, K. D., Zatz, I., Zefran, B., Zeidner, W., Zerbini, M., Zhang, T., Zhu, Y., Zilli, E., Zimmermann, O., Zoita, V., Zoletnik, S., Zwingman, W., JET EFDA Contributors, Romanelli, F, Laxaback, M, Abel, I, Afanesyev, V, Agarici, G, Aggarwal, K, Airila, M, Akers, R, Alarcon, T, Albanese, R, Alexeev, A, Alfier, A, Allan, P, Almaviva, S, Alonso, A, Alonso, M, Alper, B, Altmann, H, Alves, D, Ambrosino, G, Amosov, V, Anda, G, Andersson, F, Andersson Sunden, E, Andreev, V, Andrew, Y, Angelone, M, Anghel, M, Anghel, A, Angioni, C, Apruzzese, G, Arcis, N, Arena, P, Argouarch, A, Ariola, M, Armitano, A, Armstrong, R, Arnoux, G, Arshad, S, Artaserse, G, Artaud, J, Ash, A, Asp, E, Asunta, O, Atanasiu, C, Atkins, G, Axton, M, Ayres, C, Baciero, A, Bailescu, V, Baiocchi, B, Baker, R, Balboa, I, Balorin, C, Balshaw, N, Banks, J, Baranov, Y, Barbier, D, Barlow, I, Barnard, M, Barnsley, R, Barrena, L, Barrera, L, Baruzzo, M, Basiuk, V, Bateman, G, Batiston, P, Baumgarten, N, Baylor, L, Bazylev, B, Beaumont, P, Beausang, K, Becoulet, M, Bekris, N, Beldishevski, M, Bell, A, Belli, F, Bellinger, M, Bellizio, T, Belo, P, Belonohy, E, Bennett, P, Benterman, N, Berger By, G, Bergsaker, H, Berk, H, Bernardo, J, Bertrand, B, Beurskens, M, Bieg, B, Bienkowska, B, Biewer, T, Bigi, M, Bilato, R, Bird, J, Bizarro, J, Blackman, T, Blanchard, P, Blanco, E, Blum, J, Bobkov, V, Boboc, A, Boilson, D, Bolshakova, I, Bolzonella, T, Boncagni, L, Bonheure, G, Bonnin, X, Borba, D, Borthwick, A, Botrugno, A, Boulbe, C, Bouquey, F, Bourdelle, C, Bovert, K, Bowden, M, Boyce, T, Boyer, H, Bozhenkov, A, Brade, R, Bradshaw, J, Braet, J, Braic, V, Braithwaite, G, Brault, C, Braune, H, Breizman, B, Bremond, S, Brennan, P, Brett, A, Breue, J, Brezinsek, S, Bright, M, Briscoe, F, Brix, M, Brombin, M, Brown, B, Brown, D, Bruschi, A, Brzozowski, J, Bucalossi, J, Buckley, M, Budd, T, Budny, R, Bunting, P, Buratti, P, Burcea, G, Butcher, P, Buttery, R, Cacao, R, Calabro, G, Callaghan, C, Caminade, J, Camp, P, Campling, D, Canik, J, Cannas, B, Capel, A, Carannante, G, Card, P, Cardinali, A, Carlstrom, T, Carman, P, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Carter, T, Carvalho, B, Carvalho, P, Casati, A, Castaldo, C, Caughman, J, Cavazzana, R, Cavinato, M, Cecconello, M, Cecil, F, Cenedese, A, Centioli, C, Cesario, R, Challis, C, Chandler, M, Chang, C, Chankin, A, Chapman, I, Child, D, Chiru, P, Chitarin, G, Chugonov, I, Ciric, D, Clairet, F, Clarke, R, Clay, R, Clever, M, Coad, J, Coates, P, Coccorese, V, Cocilovo, V, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J, Coffey, I, Colas, L, Cole, M, Collins, S, Combs, S, Compan, J, Conboy, J, Conroy, S, Cook, N, Cook, S, Coombs, D, Cooper, S, Corre, Y, Corrigan, G, Cortes, S, Coster, D, Counsell, G, Courtois, X, Cox, M, Craciunescu, T, Cramp, S, Crisanti, F, Croft, O, Crombe, K, Crowley, B, Cruz, N, Cupido, L, Curuia, M, Cusack, R, Czarnecka, A, Dalley, S, Daly, E, Dalziel, A, Darrow, D, David, O, Davies, N, Davis, J, Day, I, Day, C, De Angelis, R, de Arcas, G, de Baar, M, de la Cal, E, de la Luna, E, de Pablos, J, De Temmerman, G, De Tommasi, G, de Vries, P, Degli Agostini, F, Delabie, E, del Castillo Negrete, D, Delpech, L, Denisov, G, Denyer, A, Denyer, R, Devaux, S, Devynck, P, Di Matteo, L, Di Pace, L, Dirken, P, Dnestrovskiy, A, Dodt, D, Dominiczak, K, Dorling, S, Douai, D, Down, A, Doyle, P, Drake, J, Dreischuh, T, Drozdov, V, Dumortier, P, Dunai, D, Duran, I, Durodie, F, Dylst, K, Eaton, R, Edlington, T, Edwards, A, Edwards, D, Edwards, P, Eich, T, Ekedahl, A, Elevant, T, Elfimov, A, Ellingboe, B, Elsmore, C, Emmoth, B, Ericsson, G, Eriksson, L, Eriksson, A, Esposito, B, Esser, H, Estrada, T, Evangelidis, E, Evans, G, Ewart, G, Ewers, D, Falchetto, G, Falie, D, Fanthome, J, Farina, D, Farthing, J, Fasoli, A, Faugeras, B, Fedorczak, N, Felton, R, Fenzi, C, Fernandes, H, Ferreira, J, Ferron, J, Fessey, J, Figini, L, Figueiredo, A, Figueiredo, J, Finburg, P, Finken, K, Fischer, U, Fitzgerald, N, Flanagan, J, Fleming, C, Fonseca, A, Forbes, A, Ford, O, Formisano, A, Fraboulet, D, Francis, R, Frassinetti, L, Fresa, R, Friconneau, J, Frigione, D, Fuchs, J, Fullard, K, Fundamenski, W, Furno Palumbo, M, Gafert, J, Gal, K, Galvao, R, Garavaglia, S, Garbet, X, Garcia, J, Garcia Munoz, M, Gardner, W, Garibaldi, P, Garnier, D, Garzotti, L, Gatu Johnson, M, Gaudio, P, Gauthier, E, Gaze, J, Gear, D, Gedney, J, Gee, S, Gelfusa, M, Genangeli, E, Gerasimov, S, Geraud, A, Gerbaud, T, Gherendi, M, Ghirelli, N, Giacalone, J, Giacomelli, L, Gibson, C, Gil, C, Gilligan, S, Gimblett, C, Gin, D, Giovannozzi, E, Giroud, C, Giruzzi, G, Glowacz, S, Godwin, J, Goff, J, Gohil, P, Goloborod'Ko, V, Goncalves, B, Goniche, M, Gonzales, S, Gonzales de Vicente, S, Goodyear, A, Gorelenkov, N, Gorini, G, Goulding, R, Graham, B, Graham, D, Graham, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Green, N, Greuner, H, Grigore, E, Griph, F, Grisolia, C, Gros, G, Grossetti, G, Groth, M, Gruenhagen, S, Gryaznevich, M, Guirlet, R, Gulejova, B, Gunn, J, Gupta, A, Guzdar, P, Hacek, P, Hackett, L, Hacquin, S, Haist, B, Hakola, A, Hall, S, Hallworth Cook, S, Hamilton, D, Han, H, Handley, R, Harding, S, Harling, J, Harting, D, Harvey, M, Haupt, T, Havlickova, E, Hawkes, N, Hawryluk, R, Hay, J, Hayashi, N, Haydon, P, Hayward, I, Hazel, S, Heesterman, P, Heidbrink, W, Heikkinen, J, Hellesen, C, Hellsten, T, Hemming, O, Hender, T, Henderson, M, Hennig, C, Hennion, V, Hidalgo, C, Higashijima, S, Hill, J, Hill, M, Hill, K, Hillairet, J, Hillis, D, Hirai, T, Hitchin, M, Hobirk, J, Hogan, C, Hogben, C, Hogeweij, G, Hollingham, I, Holyaka, R, Homfray, D, Honeyands, G, Hong, S, Hopf, C, Horn, B, Horton, A, Horton, L, Hotchin, S, Hough, M, Houlberg, W, Howell, D, Hron, M, Huber, A, Huddleston, T, Hudson, Z, Hughes, M, Huehnerbein, M, Hume, C, Hunt, A, Hunter, C, Hutchinson, T, Huygen, S, Huysmans, G, Hynoenen, V, Ide, S, Igreja, R, Illescas, C, Imbeaux, F, Ivanova, D, Ivings, E, Jachmich, S, Jackson, G, Jacquet, P, Jakubowska, K, Jakubowski, M, James, P, Jaspers, R, Jednorog, S, Jenkins, I, Jennison, M, Jeskins, C, Jin Kwon, O, Joffrin, E, Johnson, M, Johnson, R, Johnson, T, Jolovic, D, Jonauskas, V, Jones, E, Jones, G, Jones, H, Jones, T, Jouvet, M, Jupen, C, Kachtchouk, I, Kaczmarczyk, J, Kallenbach, A, Kaellne, J, Kalupin, D, Kalvin, S, Kamelander, G, Kamendje, R, Kappatou, A, Karttunen, S, Kasparek, W, Katramados, I, Kaufmann, M, Kaveney, G, Kaye, A, Kear, M, Keeling, D, Kelliher, D, Kempenaars, M, Khilar, P, Kidd, N, Kiisk, M, Kim, K, King, R, Kinna, D, Kiptily, V, Kirnev, G, Kirneva, N, Kirov, K, Kirschner, A, Kisielius, R, Kislov, D, Kiss, G, Kiviniemi, T, Kizane, G, Klein, A, Klix, A, Knaup, M, Kneuper, K, Kneupner, H, Knight, P, Knipe, S, Kocan, M, Koechl, F, Kocsis, G, Konz, C, Koppitz, T, Korotkov, A, Koslowski, H, Kotov, V, Kovari, M, Kovarik, K, Kramer, G, Krasilnikov, A, Krasilnikov, V, Kraus, S, Kreter, A, Krieger, K, Kritz, A, Krivchenkov, Y, Kruezi, U, Krychowiak, M, Krylov, S, Ksiazek, I, Kubic, M, Kuhn, S, Kuehnlein, W, Kurki Suonio, T, Kurowski, A, Kuteev, B, Kuyanov, A, La Haye, R, Laan, M, Labate, C, Lachichi, A, Lam, N, Lang, P, Large, M, Lassiwe, I, Last, J, Lawson, K, Layne, R, Lazzaro, E, Le Guern, F, Leblanc, B, Leggate, H, Lehnen, M, Leigheb, M, Lengar, I, Lennholm, M, Lerche, E, Lescure, C, Li, Y, Li Puma, A, Liang, Y, Likonen, J, Lin, Y, Linke, J, Linstead, S, Lipshultz, B, Litaudon, X, Litvak, A, Liu, Y, Loarer, T, Loarte, A, Lobel, R, Lomas, P, Long, F, Loennroth, J, Looker, D, Lopez, J, Lotte, P, Loughlin, M, Loving, A, Lowry, C, Luce, T, Lucock, R, Lukanitsa, A, Lungu, A, Lungu, C, Lyssoivan, A, Macheta, P, Mackenzie, A, Macrae, M, Maddaluno, G, Maddison, G, Madsen, J, Maget, P, Maggi, C, Maier, H, Mailloux, J, Makowski, M, Manning, C, Mansfield, M, Manso, M, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marchitti, M, Mardenfeld, M, Marechal, J, Marinelli, M, Marinoni, A, Marinucci, M, Maerki, J, Marocco, D, Marren, C, Martin, D, Martin, G, Martin, Y, Martin Solis, J, Masaki, K, Masiello, A, Maslov, M, Maszl, C, Matilal, A, Mattei, M, Matthews, G, Maviglia, F, May, C, Mayer, M, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mazzucato, E, Mccarthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mccormick, K, Mccullen, P, Mccune, D, Mcdonald, D, Mcgregor, R, Mckivitt, J, Meakins, A, Medina, F, Meigs, A, Menard, M, Meneses, L, Menmuir, S, Merrigan, I, Mertens, P, Messiaen, A, Meyer, H, Miano, G, Miele, M, Migliucci, P, Miller, A, Mills, S, Milnes, J, Min Kim, K, Mindham, T, Mirizzi, F, Mirones, E, Mironov, M, Mitteau, R, Mlynar, J, Mollard, P, Monakhov, I, Monier Garbet, P, Mooney, R, Moradi, S, Moreau, D, Moreau, P, Moreira, L, Morgan, A, Morgan, P, Morlock, C, Moro, A, Morris, A, Mort, G, Mrozek, C, Mueck, A, Mueller, H, Murakami, M, Murari, A, Mustata, I, Nabais, F, Nardon, E, Nash, G, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nazikian, R, Nedzelski, I, Negus, C, Neilson, J, Neto, A, Neu, R, Neubauer, O, Newbert, G, Newman, M, Nicholls, K, Nicolai, A, Nicolas, L, Nieckchen, P, Nielsen, P, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nielson, G, Nieto, J, Nightingale, M, Noble, C, Nocente, M, Nora, M, Nordman, H, Norman, M, Noterdaeme, J, Nowak, S, Nunes, I, Ognissanto, F, O'Gorman, T, Olariu, S, Oleynikov, A, O'Mullane, M, Ongena, J, Orsitto, F, Oswuigwe, O, Ottaviani, M, Oyama, N, Pacella, D, Paget, K, Palazzo, S, Pamela, J, Pamela, S, Panek, R, Pangione, L, Panin, A, Panis, T, Pankin, A, Pantea, A, Parail, V, Parisot, T, Parkin, A, Parsloe, A, Parsons, B, Pasqualotto, R, Pastor, P, Paterson, R, Paul, M, Peach, D, Pearce, R, Pearson, B, Pearson, I, Pedrick, L, Pedrosa, M, Pegourie, B, Pereira, R, Perelli Cippo, E, Pereverzev, G, Perevezentsev, A, Perez von Thun, C, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Perona, A, Perrot, Y, Peruzzo, S, Peschanyy, S, Petravich, G, Petrizzi, L, Petrov, V, Petrzilka, V, Philipps, V, Piazza, G, Piccolo, F, Pietropaolo, A, Pillon, M, Pinches, S, Pinna, T, Pintsuk, G, Piovesan, P, Pironti, A, Pisano, F, Pitts, R, Plaum, B, Plyusnin, V, Polasik, M, Poli, F, Pomaro, N, Pompilian, O, Poncet, L, Pool, P, Popovichev, S, Porcelli, F, Porfiri, M, Portafaix, C, Pospieszczyk, A, Possnert, G, Prestopino, G, Prior, P, Prokopowicz, R, Proverbio, L, Pugno, R, Puiatti, M, Purahoo, K, Pustovitov, V, Puetterich, T, Puettmann Kneupner, D, Quercia, A, Rachlew, E, Rademaker, R, Rafiq, T, Rainford, M, Ramogida, G, Rantamaeki, K, Rapp, J, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ravera, G, Reich, M, Reichle, R, Reiser, D, Reiss, R, Reiter, D, Rendell, D, Reux, C, Rewoldt, G, Ribeiro, T, Riccardo, V, Richards, D, Rigollet, F, Rimini, F, Rios, L, Riva, M, Roberts, J, Robins, R, Robinson, D, Robinson, S, Robson, D, Roche, H, Roedig, M, Rodionov, N, Rohde, V, Rolfe, A, Romanelli, M, Romano, A, Romero, J, Ronchi, E, Rosanvallon, S, Roux, C, Rowe, S, Rubel, M, Rubinacci, G, Ruchko, L, Ruiz, M, Ruset, C, Russell, M, Ruth, A, Ryc, L, Rydzy, A, Ryter, F, Rzadkiewicz, J, Saarelma, S, Sabathier, F, Sabot, R, Sadakov, S, Sagar, P, Saibene, G, Saille, A, Saint Laurent, F, Salmi, A, Salomaa, R, Salzedas, F, Samm, U, Sanchez, P, Sanders, S, Sandford, G, Sandland, K, Sandquist, P, Sands, D, Santala, M, Sartori, F, Sartori, R, Sauter, O, Savelyev, A, Savtchkov, A, Scales, S, Scarabosio, A, Schaefer, N, Schlatter, C, Schmidt, V, Schmidt, A, Schmitz, O, Schmuck, S, Schneider, M, Scholz, M, Schoepf, K, Schweer, B, Schweinzer, J, Scott, B, Seki, M, Semeraro, L, Semerok, A, Sergienko, G, Serra, F, Sertoli, M, Shannon, M, Sharapov, S, Shaw, S, Shevelev, A, Sievering, R, Silva, C, Simmons, P, Simonetto, A, Simpson, D, Sipila, S, Sips, A, Sirinelli, A, Sjoestrand, H, Skopintsev, D, Slabkowska, K, Smith, P, Snipes, J, Snoj, L, Snyder, S, Soare, S, Solano, E, Soldatov, S, Soleto, A, Solomon, W, Soltane, C, Sonato, P, Sopplesa, A, Sorrentino, A, Sousa, J, Sowden, C, Sozzi, C, Spaeh, P, Spelzini, T, Spence, J, Spineanu, F, Spuig, P, Staebler, A, Stagg, R, Stamp, M, Stancalie, V, Stangeby, P, Stan Sion, C, Starkey, D, Stead, M, Stephen, A, Stevens, A, Stober, J, Stokes, R, Stork, D, Stoyanov, D, Strachan, J, Strand, P, Stransky, M, Strauss, D, Strintzi, D, Studholme, W, Su Na, Y, Subba, F, Summers, H, Sun, Y, Surdu Bob, C, Surrey, E, Sutton, D, Svensson, J, Swain, D, Syme, B, Symonds, I, Szepesi, T, Szydlowski, A, Tabares, F, Takalo, V, Takenaga, H, Tala, T, Talbot, A, Taliercio, C, Tame, C, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Taroni, L, Telesca, G, Terra, A, Terrington, A, Testa, D, Theis, J, Thomas, J, Thomas, P, Thompson, V, Thomsen, H, Thomser, C, Thyagaraja, A, Tigwell, P, Tiseanu, I, Tivey, R, Todd, J, Todd, T, Tokar, M, Tosti, S, Trabuc, P, Travere, J, Treutterer, W, Trimble, P, Trkov, A, Trukhina, E, Tsalas, M, Tsige Tamirat, H, Tsitrone, E, Tskhakaya, D, Tudisco, O, Tugarinov, S, Turner, M, Turri, G, Tyrrell, S, Umeda, N, Unterberg, B, Urano, H, Urquhart, A, Uytdenhouwen, I, Vaccaro, A, Vadgama, A, Vagliasindi, G, Valcarcel, D, Valisa, M, Vallory, J, Valovic, M, Van Eester, D, van Milligen, B, van Rooij, G, Varandas, C, Vartanian, S, Vdovin, V, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verger, J, Vermare, L, Verona, C, Versloot, T, Vervier, M, Vicente, J, Villari, S, Villedieu, E, Villone, F, Vince, J, Vine, G, Viola, B, Vitale, E, Vitelli, R, Vlad, M, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vrancken, M, Vulliez, K, Waldon, C, Walker, M, Walsh, M, Waterhouse, J, Watkins, M, Watson, M, Wauters, T, Way, M, Webb, C, Weiland, J, Weisen, H, Weiszflog, M, Wenninger, R, West, A, Weulersse, J, Weyssow, B, Wheatley, M, Whiteford, A, Whitehead, A, Whitehurst, A, Widdowson, A, Wieggers, R, Wiegmann, C, Wiesen, S, Wilson, A, Wilson, D, Wilson, H, Wischmeier, M, Witts, D, Wolf, R, Wolowski, J, Woscov, P, Wright, G, Wright, J, Xu, G, Yavorskij, V, Yerashok, V, Yorkshades, J, Young, C, Young, D, Young, I, Yuhong, X, Zabeo, L, Zabolotsky, A, Zaccarian, L, Zagorski, R, Zaitsev, F, Zajac, S, Zakharov, L, Zanino, R, Zaroschi, V, Zastrow, K, Zatz, I, Zefran, B, Zeidner, W, Zerbini, M, Zhang, T, Zhu, Y, Zilli, E, Zimmermann, O, Zoita, V, Zoletnik, S, Zwingman, W, Correction Romanelli, F, Albanese, R., Ambrosino, G., Andersson Sundén, E., Bécoulet, M., Bellizio, T., Belonohy, É., Bovert, K. V., Cação, R., Calabró, G., Carannante, G., Coccorese, V., De Arcas, G., De Baar, M. R., De La Cal, E., De La Luna, E., De Pablos, J. L., De Tommasi, G., De Vries, P. C., Del Castillo Negrete, D., Di Pace, L., Durodié, F., Formisano, Alessandro, Gál, K., Galvão, R., Garcia Munoz, M., Goloborod'Ko, V., Gonçalves, B., González De Vicente, S. M., Grünhagen, S., Hallworth Cook, S. P., Hühnerbein, M., Hynönen, V., Jupén, C., Källne, J., Kálvin, S., Köchl, F., Kühnlein, W., Le Guern, F., Lönnroth, J., Märki, J., Martín Solís, J. R., Mattei, Massimiliano, Miano, G., Müller, H. W., O'Gorman, T., O'Mullane, M., Perez Von Thun, C. h., Pironti, A., Pütterich, T. h., Püttmann Kneupner, D., Quercia, A., Rantamäki, K., Rattá, G., Rödig, M., Rubinacci, G., Schöpf, K., Sjöstrand, H., Slabkowska, K., Späh, P., Stäbler, A., Su Na, Y., Tskhakaya Jun, D., Van Milligen, B., Van Rooij, G. J., Xu, G. S., Faculdade de Engenharia, Kamendjea, R., Alarcon, Th., Andersson-Sundén, E., Andrew, P. L., Argouach, A., Balbao, I., Berger-By, G., Bergkvist, T., Coutois, X., David, E., De-Angelis, R., Del-Castillo-Negrete, D., De-Tommasi, G., Deveaux, S., Eich, Th., Erents, S. K., Gatu-Johnson, M., Holmström, K., Kurki-Suonio, T., Lauro Taroni, L., Laxaback, M., Liu, Y. Q., Llewellyn Smith, C., Maviglia, A., Mertens, Ph., Monier-Garbet, P., Moreau, Ph., Norris, C., Noterdaeme, J. -M., Paméla, J., Panis, Th., Parisot, Th., Perez Von Thun, C., Perez Von Thun, Ch., Pericoli-Ridolfini, V., Phillips, V., Pütterich, Th., Püttmann-Kneupner, D., Roux, Ch., Saint-Laurent, F., Schlatter, Ch., Sundelin, P., Surdu-Bob, C., Hompson, V. K., Tsige-Tamirat, H., Tskhakaya, D., Uytdenhoven, I., Versloot, Th., Villedieux, E., Walden, A. D., Paméla, J, and Jet, C

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 52.55.Fa Tokamaks, spherical tokamak, Materials science, Tokamak, Physics and Astronomy (all), Condensed Matter Physics, Física [Ciências exactas e naturais], Cyclotron, law.invention, Bootstrap current, Physical sciences [Natural sciences], law, Physics::Plasma Physics, ITER, divertor, FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA, Nuclear and High Energy Physic, Jet (fluid), Safety factor, Divertor, 52.50.Qt Plasma heating by radio-frequency field, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, magnetic confinement, Magnetic confinement fusion, Física, 52.55.Rk Power exhaust, JET, overview, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Computational physics, Physical sciences, ICR, ICP, helicons, ___, JET, Beta (plasma physics), Atomic physics, tokamaks
Abstract

Since the last IAEA conference, the scientific programme of JET has focused on the qualification of the integrated operating scenarios for ITER and on physics issues essential for the consolidation of design choices and the efficient exploitation of ITER. Particular attention has been given to the characterization of the edge plasma, pedestal energy and edge localized modes (ELMs), and their impact on plasma facing components (PFCs). Various ELM mitigation techniques have been assessed for all ITER operating scenarios using active methods such as resonant magnetic field perturbation, rapid variation of the radial field and pellet pacing. In particular, the amplitude and frequency of type I ELMs have been actively controlled over a wide parameter range (q(95) = 3-4.8, beta(N)

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12. Performance assessment of a dynamic current allocator for the JET eXtreme Shape Controller

Author

Giuseppe Ambrosino, G. Varano, Gianmaria De Tommasi, Sergio Galeani, Luca Zaccarian, Alfredo Pironti, G., Varano, Ambrosino, Giuseppe, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, S., Galeani, Pironti, Alfredo, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Plasma shape control, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Input allocation, Shape control, Preliminary analysis, Allocator, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, JET, Control theory, Poloidal field, General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

This paper reports on a recently proposed dynamic allocation technique that can be effectively adopted to handle the current saturations of the Poloidal Field coils with the eXtreme Shape Controller. The proposed approach allows to automatically relax the plasma shape regulation when the reference shape requires current levels out of the available ranges, finding in real-time an optimal trade-off between shape control precision and currents saturation avoidance. In this paper the results attained during preliminary analysis are presented, showing the advantage arising from the use of the dynamic allocator, versus the bare use of the eXtreme Shape Controller.

Published
2011
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13. First experimental results with the Current Limit Avoidance System at the JET tokamak

Author

G. Varano, P. McCullen, M. Lennholm, A. C. C. Sips, R. Vitelli, G. De Tommasi, E. Joffrin, F.G. Rimini, Andre Neto, P. J. Lomas, S. Jachmich, Luca Zaccarian, Alfredo Pironti, Francesco Maviglia, Sergio Galeani, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, S., Galeani, S., Jachmich, E., Joffrin, M., Lennholm, P. J., Loma, A. C., Neto, F., Maviglia, P., Mccullen, Pironti, Alfredo, F. G., Rimini, A. C. C., Sip, G., Varano, R., Vitelli, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Physics, Tokamak, Mechanical Engineering, Input allocation, Plasma, Shape control, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Control theory, law, Redundancy (engineering), Nuclear fusion, Poloidal field, General Materials Science, Civil and Structural Engineering, Input allocation, Shape control, Nuclear fusion
Abstract

The Current Limit Avoidance System (CLA) has been recently deployed at the JET tokamak to avoid current saturations in the poloidal field (PF) coils when the eXtreme Shape Controller is used to control the plasma shape. In order to cope with the current saturation limits, the CLA exploits the redundancy of the PF coils system to automatically obtain almost the same plasma shape using a different combination of currents in the PF coils. In the presence of disturbances it tries to avoid the current saturations by relaxing the constraints on the plasma shape control. The CLA system has been successfully implemented on the JET tokamak and fully commissioned in 2011. This paper presents the first experimental results achieved in 2011–2012 during the restart and the ITER-like wall campaigns at JET.

Published
2013

14. Shape control with the XSC during plasma current ramp-up and ramp-down at the JET tokamak

Author

G. De Tommasi, F.G. Rimini, Giuseppe Ambrosino, Francesco Maviglia, A. C. C. Sips, Marco Ariola, Sergio Galeani, R. Vitelli, G. Varano, Alfredo Pironti, Luca Zaccarian, G. Calabrò, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, Ambrosino, Giuseppe, M., Ariola, G., Calabrò, S., Galeani, F., Maviglia, Pironti, Alfredo, F. G., Rimini, A. C. C., Sip, G., Varano, R., Vitelli, L., Zaccarian, and Calabro, G.

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Tokamak control, Tokamak, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Control theory, law, 0103 physical sciences, Current limit avoidance, Physics, Jet (fluid), Plasma shape control, EXtreme shape controller, Plasma, Mechanics, Transient (oscillation), Current (fluid), Actuator, Current limit avoidance EXtreme shape controller Plasma shape control Tokamak control
Abstract

The eXtreme Shape Controller (XSC) has been originally designed to control the plasma shape at JET during the flat-top phase, when the plasma current has a constant value. During the JET 2012 experimental campaigns, the XSC has been used to improve the shape control during the transient phases of plasma current ramp-up and ramp-down. In order to avoid the saturation of the actuators with these transient phases, a Current Limit Avoidance system (CLA ) has been designed and implemented. This paper discusses the CLA algorithm and presents the experimental results achieved at JET during the 2012 campaigns using the XSc. © 2013 IEEE.

Published
2013
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15. A Software Tool for the Design of the Current Limit Avoidance System at the JET tokamak

Author

Luca Zaccarian, Giuseppe Ambrosino, Alfredo Pironti, Andre Neto, Francesco Maviglia, R. Vitelli, G. Varano, Sergio Galeani, G. De Tommasi, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, Ambrosino, Giuseppe, S., Galeani, F., Maviglia, A. C., Neto, Pironti, Alfredo, G., Varano, R., Vitelli, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Computer science, Software tool, Joint European Torus, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Control theory, law, Electromagnetic coil, Control system, Redundancy (engineering), Poloidal field
Abstract

A current limit avoidance (CLA) system has been proposed to avoid current saturation in the poloidal field (PF) coils of the Joint European Torus tokamak when the eXtreme Shape Controller is used to control the plasma shape. CLA uses the redundancy of the PF coil system to automatically obtain almost the same plasma shape with a different combination of control currents. This paper describes the set of graphic tools that has been recently developed to aid the design of the CLA parameters by nonexpert users.

Published
2012

16. Nonlinear dynamic allocator for optimal input/output performance trade-off: application to the JET Tokamak shape controller

Author

Luca Zaccarian, Alfredo Pironti, G. Varano, Sergio Galeani, Gianmaria De Tommasi, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, S., Galeani, Pironti, Alfredo, G., Varano, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Input/output, Engineering, business.industry, Degrees of freedom (statistics), Function (mathematics), Nonlinear system, Allocator, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, Convergence (routing), Process capability index, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract

In this paper, we revisit the dynamic allocation scheme for input redundant plants proposed in Zaccarian (2009). within a set-point regulation setting and propose generalizations that apply to cases where the plant under consideration is not input redundant but the control specifications allow us to modify the set-point regulation within certain bounds. In this case, the input allocator is extended to the nonredundant case by allowing it to improve the input allocation selection at the price of some output regulation error. We also establish here desirable convergence properties of the allocator, which were only addressed for the linear case in Zaccarian (2009). In particular, we design the allocator dynamics as the gradient of a cost function and establish its convergence to the minimum of the cost function under some mild conditions. The allocation scheme is applied to the JET tokamak shape controller by illustrating its capabilities to enforce coil currents selections that tend to move away from the saturation limits within the allowable degrees of freedom.

Published
2011

17. On dynamic input allocation for set-point regulation of the JET tokamak plasma shape

Author

G. Varano, Giuseppe Ambrosino, Sergio Galeani, Luca Zaccarian, G. DeTommasi, Alfredo Pironti, Ambrosino, Giuseppe, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, S., Galeani, Pironti, Alfredo, G., Varano, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Tokamak, Control theory, Electromagnetic coil, law, Settore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazioni, Plasma, Dynamic priority scheduling, Set point, Mathematics, Shape control, law.invention
Abstract

In this paper we propose a solution to the input saturation avoidance problem in the JET tokamak shape control by illustrating its capabilities to enforce coil currents selections that tend to move away from the saturation limits within the allowable degrees of freedom. The proposed solution revisits the dynamic allocation scheme first proposed in [10] for input redundant plants and generalized in [6] and [9] for not input redundant ones. In particular we propose a different scheme for the input allocation, more suitable within a set-point regulation setting, and prove its convergence properties. We also present simulation results to assess the steady-state and transient performances obtained with the novel scheme, as compared to the previous approaches.

Published
2011

18. Trading output performance for input allocation: application to the JET tokamak shape controller

Author

G. Varano, Alfredo Pironti, Sergio Galeani, Luca Zaccarian, G. De Tommasi, DE TOMMASI, Gianmaria, S., Galeani, Pironti, Alfredo, G., Varano, and L., Zaccarian

Subjects
Set (abstract data type), Jet (fluid), Engineering, Allocator, Settore ING-INF/04 - Automatica, business.industry, Control theory, Electromagnetic coil, Degrees of freedom (statistics), Open-loop controller, Function (mathematics), business
Abstract

In this paper we revisit the dynamic allocation scheme for input redundant plants proposed in [12] within a set-point regulation setting and propose generalizations that apply to cases where the plant under consideration is not input redundant but the control specifications allow to modify the set-point regulation within certain bounds. In this case, the input allocator is extended to the nonredundant case by allowing it to improve the input allocation selection at the price of some output regulation error. Similar to [12], the allocator behaves according to some dynamics that converges to the minimum of a certain cost function. The allocation scheme is applied to the JET tokamak shape controller by illustrating its capabilities to enforce coil currents selections that tend to move away from the saturation limits within the allowable degrees of freedom. The allocator behavior is illustrated by simulation on the JET tokamak both in off-line operation (in open loop during the pulse planning phase) and in on-line operation (in closed loop during the pulse).

Published
2009

19. A Singular Perturbation Approach to Control of Flexible Arms in Compliant Motion

Author

Bruno Siciliano, Luigi Villani, L. Menini, L. Zaccarian, C. Abdallah, Siciliano, Bruno, and Villani, Luigi

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Singular perturbation, Planar, Control theory, Position (vector), Computer science, Dynamics (mechanics), Robot, Action (physics), ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, Contact force
Abstract

The problem of controlling the interaction of a flexible link arm with a compliant environment is considered. The arm’s tip is required to keep contact with a surface by applying a constant force and maintaining a prescribed position or following a desired path on the surface. Using singular perturbation theory, the system is decomposed into a slow subsystem associated with rigid motion and a fast subsystem associated with link flexible dynamics. A parallel force and position control developed for rigid robots is adopted for the slow subsystem, while a fast control action is employed to stabilize the link deflections. Simulation results are presented for a two-link planar arm under gravity in contact with an elastically compliant surface.

Published
2006
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20. Faul tolerant tracking of a robot manipulator: an internal model based approach

Author

BONIVENTO, CLAUDIO, GENTILI, LUCA, PAOLI, ANDREA, MENINI L., ZACCARIAN L., ABDALLAH C.T., Bonivento C., Gentili L., and Paoli A.

Subjects
INTERNAL MODEL APPROACH, FAULT TOLERANT CONTROL, CONTROL RECONFIGURATION, ROBOT CONTROL
Abstract

The chapter is devoted to the presentation of a novel fault detection and control reconfiguration problem. An implicit fault tolerant control scheme is presented and specialized for an n-degree-of-freedom fully actuated mechanical manipulator subject to sinusoidal torque disturbances acting on the joints. The solution of the usual tracking main problem is "augmented" via an internal model unit designed to compensate the unknown spurious torque armonics. Testing the state of such unit allows fault detection and isolation. Simulations are provided.

Published
2006

21. Cooperative Inventory control

Author

Dario Bauso, Raffaele Pesenti, Laura Giarre, L. MENINI, L. ZACCARIAN ANDC.T.ABDALLAH., BAUSO D, GIARRE' L, and PESENTI R

Subjects
Inventory control, Consensus protocol, Inventory level, Nash equilibrium, Setup cost, Supply chain, Polynomial, Mathematical optimization, Computational complexity theory, Computer science, Economic shortage, Finite horizon, Exponential function, ComputingMilieux_GENERAL, symbols.namesake, symbols
Abstract

In multi-retailer inventory control the possibility of sharing setup costs motivates communication and coordination among the retailers. We solve the problem of finding suboptimal distributed reordering policies that minimize setup, ordering, storage, and shortage costs incurred by the retailers over a finite horizon. Neuro-dynamic programming (NDP) reduces the computational complexity of the solution algorithm from exponential to polynomial on the number of retailers.

Published
2003

22. LMI-Based Approaches for the Calibration of Continuous Glucose Measurement Sensors.

Author

Kirchsteiger H, Zaccarian L, Renard E, and del Re L

Subjects
Algorithms, Calibration, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Blood Glucose analysis, Monitoring, Ambulatory methods, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Abstract

The problem of online calibration and recalibration of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices is considered. Two different parametric relations between interstitial and blood glucose are investigated and constructive algorithms to adaptively estimate the parameters within those relations are proposed. One characteristic is the explicit consideration of measurement uncertainty of the device used to collect the calibration measurements. Another feature is the automatic detection of fingerstick measurements that are not suitable to be used for calibration. Since the methods rely on the solution of linear matrix inequalities resulting in convex optimization problems, the algorithms are of moderate computational complexity and could be implemented on a CGM device. The methods were assessed on clinical data from 17 diabetic patients and the improvements with respect to the current state of the art is shown.

Published
2015
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23. A novel online recalibration strategy for continuous glucose measurement sensors employing LMI techniques.

Author

Kirchsteiger H, Zaccarian L, Renard E, and del Re L

Subjects
Algorithms, Blood Glucose, Calibration, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy, Humans, Insulin Infusion Systems, Internet, Linear Models, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Diabetes Mellitus blood
Abstract

This paper considers the problem of online calibration and recalibration of continuous glucose monitoring devices. A parametric relation between interstitial and blood glucose is investigated and a constructive algorithm to adaptively estimate the parameters within this relation is proposed. The algorithm explicitly considers measurement uncertainty of the device used to collect the calibration measurements and enables automatic detection of measurements which are not suitable to be used for calibration. The method was assessed on clinical data from 17 diabetic patients and the improvements with respect to the current state of the art is shown.

Published
2013
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