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The mass distribution of double neutron stars (DNSs) can help us to understand the evolution of binary systems, which can also contain information about DNSs induced by gravitational wave radiation. Henceforth, for the 25 pairs of DNS systems so far discovered by radio observations, we have only statistically analysed 13 systems with precisely measured masses of two-component NSs, by employing the classical Gaussian mixture models based on the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. The result infers that the mass distributions for recycled and non-recycled NSs follow a double-Gaussian and single-Gaussian distribution, respectively. In the conventional scenario of DNS formation, the mass of the first formed recycled NS is higher than that of the second-formed companion NS. However, there exist some unconventional cases with a reverse mass ratio. To explore the phenomenon of this ‘unconventional component mass’ of DNSs, we employed Monte Carlo sampling. We find that the unconventional DNS systems occupy about 27.7 per cent of all DNSs, which could be a useful reference for the future gravitational wave detection by LIGO/Virgo. Furthermore, we discuss a possible explanation for the unconventional DNS mass ratio, which involves the recycling process and its birth rate. This also has an implication for the mass distribution of the DNS progenitors.

Based on erosion coupon tests, a sand erosion model for 17-4PH steel was developed. The developed erosion model was validated against the results of compressor erosion tests from a generic rig and from other researchers. A high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the test rig was built, a user-defined function was developed to implement the erosion model into the ANSYS CFD software, and the turbulent, two-phase flow-field in multiple reference frames was solved. The simulation results are consistent with the test results from the compressor rig and with experimental findings from other researchers. Specifically, the sand erosion blunts the leading edge, sharpens the trailing edge and increases pressure-surface roughness. The comparisons between the experimental observations and numerical results as well as a quantitative comparison with three other sand erosion models indicate that the developed sand erosion model is adequate for erosion prediction of engine components made of 17-4PH steel.

The effect of hot streaks from a gas turbine combustor on the thermodynamic load of internally air-cooled nozzle guide vanes (NGVs) and shrouds has been numerically investigated under flight conditions. The study follows two steps: one for the high-fidelity 60° combustor sector with simplified ten NGVs and three thermocouples attached; and the other for the NGV sectors where each sector consists of one high-fidelity NGV (probe NGV) and nine dummy NGVs. The first step identifies which NGV has the highest thermal load and provides the inlet flow boundary conditions for the second step. In the second step, the flow fields and thermal loads of the probe NGVs are resolved in detail.With the systematically validated physical models, the two-phase flowfield of the combustor-NGVs sector has been successfully simulated. The predicted mean and maximum temperature at the combustor sector exit are in excellent agreement with the experimental data, which provides a solid basis for the hot-streak effect investigation. The results indicate that the second NGV, looking upstream from left, has the highest thermal load. Its maximum surface temperature is 8.4% higher than that for the same NGV but with the mean inlet boundary conditions, and 14.1% higher than the ninth NGV. The finding is consistent with the field-observed NGV damage pattern. To extend the service life of these vulnerable NGVs, some protection methods should be considered.

A practical method to evaluate quantitatively the uniformity of fuel/air mixing is essential for research and development of advanced low-emission combustion systems. Typically, this is characterised by measuring an unmixedness parameter or a uniformity index. An alternative approach, based on the fuel/air equivalence ratio distribution, is proposed and demonstrated in a simple methane/air venturi mixer. This approach has two main advantages: it is correlated with the fuel/air mixture combustion temperature, and the maximum temperature variation caused by fuel/air non-uniformity can be estimated. Because of these, it can be used as a criterion to check fuel/air mixing quality, or as a target for fuel/air mixer design with acceptable maximum temperature variation. For the situations where the fuel/air distribution non-uniqueness issue becomes important for fuel/air mixing check or mixer design, an additional statistical supplementary criterion should also be used.

As the national key discipline and the initiator of oral and maxillofacial deformity group, the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery persisted in teaching, designed a novel teaching form combining theoretical knowledge and online software practice according to the characteristics of our discipline and carried out "cloud training" via the National Oral Telemedicine Education Platform. Ten lecturers, 325 theoretical students and 50 practical students were investigated by questionnaire in the present study with questions focusing on the geographical distribution and composition of personnel, etc. The results showed that the online course covered a wide range of students and achieved high acceptance and satisfaction rate. The first online software operation course was conducted in an orderly manner, with timely interaction between teachers and students. The students were able to master the design process skillfully. This "cloud training" has achieved good results, but there are still a series of problems that have yet to be resolved, such as network stalls and protection of intellectual property rights. Under the new form, the exploration and analysis of the new mode of online telemedicine specialist education will provide some practical reference for the National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases to carry out online telemedicine teaching in the future.牙颌面畸形专科联盟在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间遴选教师团队，针对正颌-正畸联合治疗的学科特点设计理论知识和软件实操相结合的授课形式，借助“国家口腔远程教育平台”开展“云培训”。通过对参与课程的10名授课讲师、325名理论课学员及50名实操课学员进行问卷调查，针对参与人员的地域分布、人员组成、软件实操效果及在线教学存在的问题进行分析与总结。结果显示本次课程覆盖范围大、受众广，学员总体接受度、教学效果满意度高。首次开展的线上软件实操课程进行顺利、师生互动及时，学员对三维手术设计流程均能熟练掌握。但这种云培训模式仍存在一些尚待解决的问题，如网络卡顿、知识产权保护等。新形势下的线上远程医学专科教育在疫情过后，仍可作为一种可持续发展的模式，并可作为国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心远程医学教学的实践参考。.

在肾脏集合管，血管加压素（arginine vasopressin，AVP）通过AVP-血管加压素受体2（vasopressin type 2 receptor，V2R）-环磷酸腺苷（cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP）-水通道蛋白2（aquaporin2，AQP2）调控通路引起AQP2表达改变，实现对肾集合管水通透性的调节，参与人体水电解质的调节机制改变。膜迷路积水是梅尼埃病的重要病理特征，AVP-AQP2调控通路功能失常与膜迷路积水的病理生理学改变密切相关。本文综述了近年来AVP-AQP2调控通路的研究进展，并重点讨论其在梅尼埃病膜迷路积水发生发展中的作用。.

The importance of circular RNAs in malignant tumors has been well concerned nowadays. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is diagnosed prevalently in the world. Our study aims to uncover the potential functions of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC development.Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the level of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Hsa_circ_0011946 was knocked down in OSCC cells. Biological functions of hsa_circ_0011946 in OSCC were identified by performing cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay. The underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0011946 in regulating OSCC progression was explored by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay.Hsa_circ_0011946 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues compared with adjacent samples. It was also upregulated in OSCC cell lines. The knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946 inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion in OSCC. The expression of PCNA was reduced via knockdown of hsa_circ_0011946. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA in tumor tissues was positively correlated to the expression of hsa_circ_0011946.Hsa_circ_0011946 could promote cell growth, migration, and invasion of OSCC by upregulating PCNA, which may offer a new therapeutic intervention for OSCC patients.

This study aimed to assess the association of circular RNA (circRNA) ciRS-7 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to investigate its effect on cells proliferation as well as apoptosis in NSCLC.132 patients with primary NSCLC who received surgical resection were recruited in this retrospective study. All patients' tumor tissue and paired adjacent tissue were collected for circRNA ciRS-7 expression detection by RT-qPCR. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. CCK-8 and Annexin-V/propidium iodide (AV/PI) assays were performed to detect cells proliferation and apoptosis in A549 cells after circRNA ciRS-7 inhibition plasmid transfection.CircRNA ciRS-7 expression in tumor tissue was elevated compared to paired adjacent tissue, and positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages. K-M curves illustrated that circRNA ciRS-7 high expression was correlated with both shorter DFS and OS, and multivariate Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis showed that circRNA ciRS-7 high expression was an independent factor for predicting unfavorable DFS and OS. Cells methods revealed that circRNA ciRS-7 expression was elevated in NSCLC cell lines (A549, PC9, NCI-H1299 and NCI-H1650) compared to normal lung epithelial cells (DEAS-2B), and the inhibition of circRNA ciRS-7 expression reduced cells proliferation and promoted cells apoptosis in A549 cells.CircRNA ciRS-7 overexpression is associated with advanced disease and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients, and the down-regulation of circRNA ciRS-7 inhibits tumor cells proliferation as well as improves cells apoptosis.

This work investigates the effect of an insoluble surfactant on the gravity-driven flow of a liquid film down a vertical flexible wall. The paper builds upon previous work [Matar et al., Phys Rev E 76(5):056301, 2007; Sisoev et al., Chem Eng Sci 65(2):950–961, 2010] to include the Marangoni effect attributable to the gradient of surfactant concentration on a free surface. Here we employ an integral method to derive a set of asymptotic evolution equations valid for a moderate flow rate, based on a long-wave approximation. A normal-mode approach is used to examine the linear stability of the system. Similar to the work presented by Matar et al., the results show that a flexible wall with weak damping acts to stabilize flow, while wall tension plays an unstable role. The insoluble surfactant, which acts to stabilize film flow, can reduce the effects of wall flexibility (wall damping and tension) on flow linear stability. The nonlinear evolution equations for the system are solved numerically for both a given initial perturbation wave packet and a periodic perturbation at the inlet boundary. The equations are mainly concerned with the evolution of the flow stability and wave interaction processes, during which solitary-like waveforms are observed. When wall damping is weak, it tends to deplete the ripples preceding the solitary-like humps. However, as wall damping increases in strength, the ripples intensify; a similar phenomenon is observed with an increase in wall tension. The surfactant, which reduces the amplitude and traveling speed of the solitary-like waveforms, acts to distinctly weaken the dispersion of the interfacial wave.

The performance of the most commonly used chemical kinetics mechanisms is compared against a large set of experimental data, accumulated for syngas mixtures diluted with other gases such as CO2, H2O, N2, and CH4. These dilutes are pertinent to syngas/biogas mixtures and could have significant effects on the combustion characteristics. The laminar flame speed and ignition delay are used as quantitative metrics to compare the simulation predictions with the experimental data. The experimental data include ignition measurements obtained from shock tubes and rapid compressions, and flame speed measurements obtained from spherical bombs as well as counterflow configurations covering a wide range of temperature, pressure, and equivalence ratios. The mixture compositions are systematically categorized in this study. After exhaustive comparisons, it is found that the NUIG2013 mechanism is in closest agreement with the measured ignition delay and laminar flame speed for the investigated mixtures. However, the predictions deviated significantly from the measured ignition delays for the H2/CO/CO2, H2/CO/CH4, and H2/CO/CH4/CO2/H2O mixtures. We performed a sensitivity analysis on the ignition delay time of the H2/CO/CO2, H2/CO/CH4, and H2/CO/CH4/CO2/H2O mixtures, using the NUIG2013 mechanism to identify the reactions that are responsible for the deviations. We found that by adopting a much lower rate constant expression [k0(CO2) = 8.82 × 1019 × T[K]-1.40 (cm6/mol2/s)] for H + O2 (+CO2) = HO2 (+CO2) (R2), the NUIG2013 mechanism could accurately predict the ignition delay time of the H2/CO/CO2 mixture at low pressures (P = 1.24-2.36 atm) and low temperatures (

The α-cellulose was extracted from waste newspaper, and it was esterified by maleic anhydride. The effect of reaction time, temperature, ratio of maleic anhydride to α-cellulose, dosage of catalyst on the degree of esterification were studied, respectively. The weight percent gain and degree of substitution reached 40.30% and 0.6657, respectively, under the following reaction conditions: reaction time of 2.5 h, reaction temperature of 150 °C, ratio of MA to α-cellulose of 1.2 and dosage of catalyst of 10%. The structure and properties of the samples were characterized by FTIR and X-ray diffraction.

Using cellulose extracted from waste newspaper as raw material, NaOH/urea aqueous solution as solvent, anhydrous sodium sulfate as pore-forming agent, cellulose sponge with super absorbent capacity was prepared by freezing method, and hydrophobic cellulose sponge was prepared by immersing cellulose sponge into hydrolysate of cetyltrimethoxysilane with different composition. The water absorption and oil absorption of water-absorbent and hydrophobic cellulose sponge samples were tested and characterized by infrared and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the water absorption of water-absorbent cellulose sponge could reach 560 wt% under the conditions of 3 g of microcrystalline cellulose, 15 g of pore-forming agent and 50 g of NaOH/urea solution. Hydrophobic cellulose sponge was prepared by hydrolysis of hexadecyl trimethoxysilane/SiO2, and the best oil rate was 157 wt%.

Elsholtzia splendens Naki has been identified as a copper (Cu) geobotanical indicator. In this study, the effects of Cu supply levels (control, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 mg kg1) on the growth and Cu accumulation in E. splendens were studied in one pot experiment. The results showed that no reduction in shoot height and dry weight was noted when the plants were grown at Cu supply levels up to 1000 mg kg−1 in soil. Slight stimulation on shoot growth was noted at Cu levels ≥ 100 mg kg−1. Copper concentration in shoots and roots increased with increasing Cu levels, and reached a maximum of 1751 and 9.45 mg kg−1 (DW) at 1200 mg Cu kg−1. The amount of Cu accumulated in the roots and shoots were 313 and 22 μ g plant−1 at external Cu levels of 1000 and 800 mg kg−1, respectively. The shoot/root Cu ratios ranged from 0.005 to 0.008 and more than 92% of the total Cu taken up by E. splendens was accumulated in roots. Furthermore, Cu concentrations in roots and shoots were significant and positively...

We have established the cohesive law for interfaces between multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polymer that are not well bonded and are characterized by the van der Waals force. The cohesive law is obtained in terms of the area density of carbon atoms on CNT walls, number of CNT walls, volume density of CH2 units in the polymer, and parameters in the van der Waals force. The simple, analytical expressions of the cohesive law are useful to study the interaction between multi-wall CNTs and polymer, such as in CNT-reinforced composites.

Lipid-rich carcinoma is a rare variant and accounts for < or = 2% of all breast cancer diagnoses. We report a case occurring in a 53-year-old female. The patient presented with a painless, right breast mass. Clinical examination and mammography suggested malignancy. Subsequent modified radical mastectomy revealed the diagnosis of lipid-rich carcinoma. The morphological features, differential diagnosis and treatment along with a brief review of the literature are discussed in this article. Lipid-rich carcinoma (L-RC) is a very rare variant of breast carcinomas with an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. It presents only 1% to 2% of all breast cases. It is classified as a specific variety of mammary carcinoma because the tumour cells possess abundant vacuolated cytoplasm which is strongly positive when stained for neutral fat. Aboumrad first described it in 1963 as lipid-secreting carcinoma. However, Ramos and Taylor renamed it as lipid-rich breast carcinoma. In China, the first case was reported in 1984. Herein, we report a case of lipid-rich carcinoma occurring in a 53-year-old female patient, and the literature is reviewed.

A pilot-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) packed with polyurethane (PU) foam was installed at one pharmaceutical factory in Zhejiang Province to study the removal of high-concentration H2S from water treatment plant. Experiments were performed at different empty bed residence times (EBRTs), H2S input load, ratio of liquid flow rate to gas inlet rate (L/G) and sulfate concentration in recirculating liquid to examine their effects on the performance of the BTF. The performance of this bioreactor was monitored continuously over a period of 56 days. After the start-up within 8 days, H2S removal efficiency remained between 90% and 100% with inlet concentration fluctuating from 238 to 590 mg m(-3). H2S removal efficiency was consistently greater than 90%, even at a short EBRT of 9 s and inlet H2S load higher than 187 g m(-3) h(-1). Profiles over the height of the reactor indicated that H2S removal took place mostly in the first section of the column. The performance of BTF could be maintained at high and stable levels when L/G was below 0.005 and sulfate concentration down to 28 g l(-1). The results led to the conclusion that BTF is the optimal choice for treating high-concentration H2S.

The ternary interaction of pontachrome violet SW (PCV) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Cu(II) at pH 10.5 has been investigated by a microsurface adsorption-spectral correction (MSASC) technique. The aggregation of PCV on CTAB obeyed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption. Results showed that the binding constant of the CTAB-PCV aggregate was K = 2.68·105 liter·mole−1. The ternary monomer complex Cu·PCV·CTAB2 was formed. The complexation between Cu and PCV is sensitive in the presence of CTAB and selective in the presence of thioglycolic acid, trisodium citrate, and p-phenanthroline, and it was applied to the determination of Cu trace with satisfactory result.

Spectrum-energy correlations of peak energy with total prompt γ-ray emission energies, namely , , and , had been studied for long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) previously by many authors. These energy correlations were proposed to measure the universe and classify GRBs as useful probes. However, most of these relations were built by non-Swift bursts. The spectrum-energy correlations of short bursts have not been systematically established yet; in particular, how the newly found GRB170817A matches these energy relations is unknown to date. We will first refresh the three spectrum-energy relations of Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM long bursts and build the corresponding relations of short bursts. Then, we confirm whether they are commonly available as a discriminator of short and long GRBs. Some potential violators to these relations will be investigated. Combining with the plane of peak energy versus fluence, we select 31 short and 252 long GRBs with well-measured peak energy and redshift to study the issue of GRB classifications connected with the above energy relations statistically. We find that the three energy relations do exist in our new GRB samples and they are marginally consistent with some previous results. We report for the first time that short GRBs hold the three corresponding energy relations having the consistent power-law indices with long GRBs. It is found that these energy relations can be adopted to discriminate GRBs successfully if they are put in the peak energy versus fluence plane. Excitingly, we point out that GRB090510 matches the energy relations of and , but violates the relation. More excitingly, we find that GRB170817A is an outlier to all the three energy correlations.

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The nonlinear optical properties and ultrafast optical response of Si/SiO2 multilayers with and without phosphorus doping are comparatively studied in the present work. The enhanced nonlinear absorption and fast recombination process were observed after phosphorus doping, the defect states generated by high phosphorus doping was the possible origination. It was suggested that the nonlinear optical repose as well as the ultrafast dynamic process could be changed greatly via phosphorous doping, which provided a new approach to improve the performance of Si-based photonic devices.

Lean premixed combustion counterflow model coupled with detailed chemical kinetics mechanisms are used to study the effects of methane dilution on syngas mixture numerically. The work critically evaluates and examines the effects of methane additions at various methane/syngas ratios and various equivalence ratios (φ = 0.6, 0.65, and 0.7) using the CANTERA package. The results of this study increase the feasibility of incorporating syngas mixture diluted with methane based fuel for lean premixed gas turbine engines. This study indicates that the flame velocity of a syngas mixture (H2:CO-75:25) can be reduced to the flame speed of a methane mixture at an equivalence ratio of 0.6 and standard conditions (1 atm and 298 K) by mixing it with 50% of methane. This could reduce the flashback propensity that syngas mixtures will incur due to the significantly high flame speed. Moreover, this study substantiates that the current detailed mechanism is capable of predicting the one-dimensional reacting flows and it matches remarkably well with experimental data. The approach employed herein can be used to optimize and validate detailed chemical kinetics mechanism without the need to correct the flame speed to zero strain or stretch free from the measured datasets.

We report an investigation of the 2p53s, 3p and 3d configurations of Ne-like Ge XXIII, based on beam-foil spectroscopy. Several new 3s-3p and 3p-3d transitions have been observed and the data are compared with earlier results.

The spectrum of Mg-like Br, Br XXIV, was investigated by means of the beam-foil technique. Bromine ions of 90 and 130 MeV energy from the HI-13 tandem accelerator at the China Institute of Atomic Energy were used, and the wavelength region 130–290 A was investigated. The spectra showed 24 Br XXIV transitions within the n = 3 complex, i.e. between the 3s2, 3s3p, 3p2, 3s3d and 3p3d configurations. Of these 5 have been reported earlier. In this spectrum 19 energy levels have now been experimentally determined, 14 of which have not been reported earlier. The observed energy level values have been theoretically interpreted by means of relativistic Hartree-Fock (HFR) calculations.

We report a study of the 2p53s, 3p and 3d configurations of Ne-like Br XXVI, by means of beam foil spectroscopy. In the region 100 – 300 A more than 20 Br XXVI lines were identified, 5 of which were known earlier, from x-ray laser work. Experimental energies for the 3s, 3p and 3d levels are compared with results of relativistic Hartree-Fock (HFR) calculations. We also present predicted 3s-3p and 3p-3d wavelengths, obtained by combining the new Br results with data for other Ne-like ions.

A two-dimensional laser Doppler velocimeter and a Rayleigh scattering system were used to measure the mean velocities, turbulence quantities, and mean density In a supersonic high-temperature exhaust plume with and without an annular base flow. The distributions of mean temperature and Mach number were inferred. For both cases, the potential core of the supersonic jet extends about 6 nozzle diameters, and the flow remains supersonic until about 15 nozzle diameters. The mean axial velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, shear stress, and temperature become self-similar downstream of the flow. Similarities of turbulence quantities develop slower than the mean velocity, whereas the temperature similarity is established upstream of the velocity. Near the nozzle base of the coaxial jets, one and a half recirculation zones are formed, which represents an extreme of the central-jet-dominated coaxial flows

2004 Combustion Institute/Canadian Section Spring Technical Meeting. From May 9, 2004 to May 12, 2004, Kingston, Ontario, available, unclassified, unlimited

Lipid-rich carcinoma is a rare variant and accounts foror = 2% of all breast cancer diagnoses. We report a case occurring in a 53-year-old female. The patient presented with a painless, right breast mass. Clinical examination and mammography suggested malignancy. Subsequent modified radical mastectomy revealed the diagnosis of lipid-rich carcinoma. The morphological features, differential diagnosis and treatment along with a brief review of the literature are discussed in this article. Lipid-rich carcinoma (L-RC) is a very rare variant of breast carcinomas with an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. It presents only 1% to 2% of all breast cases. It is classified as a specific variety of mammary carcinoma because the tumour cells possess abundant vacuolated cytoplasm which is strongly positive when stained for neutral fat. Aboumrad first described it in 1963 as lipid-secreting carcinoma. However, Ramos and Taylor renamed it as lipid-rich breast carcinoma. In China, the first case was reported in 1984. Herein, we report a case of lipid-rich carcinoma occurring in a 53-year-old female patient, and the literature is reviewed.

RASSF1A (RAS-association domain family 1, isoform A) is a newer tumor suppressor that binds to and stabilizes microtubules as well as induces M-phase cell cycle arrest. Several other proteins that interact with and stabilize microtubules also undergo mitotic phase phosphorylation to regulate microtubule dynamics and M-phase cell cycle progression. Currently, however, there is a paucity of information regarding the phosphorylation status of RASSF1A and its regulation during mitosis. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate that Aurora-A is a RASSF1A kinase and, to the best of our knowledge, this is also the first study reporting the identification of a kinase for RASSF1A. We show that the mitotic kinase Aurora-A directly interacts with and phosphorylates RASSF1 and that RASSF1A is phosphorylated by Aurora-A during mitosis. These findings therefore link an important oncogenic mitotic kinase to regulate RASSF1A tumor suppressor. Aurora-A appears to phosphorylate RASSF1A at Threonine202 and/or Serine203 that reside within the known microtubule-binding domain of RASSF1A. Substitutions of these residues with glutamic acid at both positions, mimicking constitutive phosphorylation of RASSF1A, disrupt RASSF1A interactions with microtubules and abolish its ability to induce M-phase cell cycle arrest. Our results further demonstrate that Aurora-A overexpression also interferes with RASSF1A-mediated growth suppression. In view of our results, we propose that Aurora-A-mediated phosphorylation of RASSF1A is a novel mechanism that regulates the ability of this tumor suppressor to interact with microtubules and modulate M-phase cell cycle progression.

{sup 13}N(p,{gamma}){sup 14}O is one of the key reactions in the hot CNO cycle which occurs at stellar temperatures around T{sub 9}{>=}0.1. Up to now, some uncertainties still exist for the direct capture component in this reaction, thus an independent measurement is of importance. In present work, the angular distribution of the {sup 13}N(d,n){sup 14}O reaction at E{sub c.m.}=8.9 MeV has been measured in inverse kinematics, for the first time. Based on the distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis, the nuclear asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC), C{sub 1,1/2}{sup 14}O, for the ground state of {sup 14}O {yields}{sup 13}N + p is derived to be 5.42{+-}0.48 fm{sup -1/2}. The {sup 13}N(p,{gamma}){sup 14}O reaction is analyzed with the R-matrix approach, its astrophysical S factors and reaction rates at energies of astrophysical relevance are then determined with the ANC. The implications of the present reaction rates on the evolution of novae are then discussed with the reaction network calculations.

Radiative lifetimes of 79 levels belonging to the 3d {sup 3}4s4p, 3d {sup 4}4p, 3d {sup 3}4s5p, 3d {sup 4}5p, and 3d {sup 3}4s4d configurations of V I with energy from 26,604.807 to 46,862.786 cm{sup –1} have been measured using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence (TR-LIF) spectroscopy in laser-produced plasma. The lifetime values reported in this paper are in the range of 3.3-494 ns, and the uncertainties of these measurements are within ±10%. A good agreement was obtained with previous data. HFR+CPOL calculations have been performed and used to combine the calculated branching fractions with the available experimental lifetimes to determine semi-empirical transition probabilities for 784 V I transitions.

CD40, a 48-50 KD cell membrane molecule, member of the nerve growth factor receptor and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an important costimulatory molecule during the immune response. Anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (MAb) has been shown earlier to costimulate with IgM or phorbol esters resting B cells to proliferate, differentiate, secrete immunoglobulins, and switch isotype. Here we report on an agonistic mouse anti-human CD40 MAb 5C11. The specificity of this MAb was verified by flow cytometry, Western blotting, and competition with anti-CD40 MAb 89. We studied the effects of MAb 5C11 on a multimyeloma cell line, XG2, that expresses the CD40 antigen strongly and found that this MAb caused the homotypic aggregation of XG2, strongly suppressed XG2 proliferation, and led to its apoptosis after 24 hr of treatment. Interestingly, MAb 5C11 also triggered the generation, proliferation, and maturation of dendritic cells from peripheral blood monocytes, either by itself or in combination with GM-CSF and IL-4.

A photonic-crystal waveguide hosted in an annular photonic crystal is demonstrated theoretically to realize polarization-independent slow light. Through an appropriate set of design parameters, overlapping regions with constant group index and low group-velocity dispersion for both the transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarizations can be achieved in the common frequency regime of the waveguide modes. Assuming parameters for silicon and air, an optimal structure with group index of 50 and bandwidth of ∼0.1% is found theoretically for polarization-independent slow light in this structure.

Carbon nanotube powders were synthesized by arc discharge method and incorporated into the paste to be applied in the screen printing process. It was investigated that the field emission image uniformity was efficiently improved by laser treating carbon nanotube powders. The laser energy burned out carbon particles to reveal more carbon nanotubes and graphitized carbon nanotubes. In addition to uniformity improvement, field emission properties were also reinforced after laser treating. For instance, turn-on voltage decreased from 3.2to2.2V∕μm, while field enhancement factor increased from 2200 to 2900.

Correction for ‘Fracture behaviour of cracks in piezoelectric media with electromechanically coupled boundary conditions’ by X. D. Wang and L. Y. Jiang (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 458 , 2545–2560. (doi: [10.1098/rspa.2001.0922][1])). The Digital Object Identifier on p. 2545 should be 10.1098/rspa.2001.0922. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1098/rspa.2001.0922

The torque curve analysis of a (111) magnetic garnet film is described. In this way, it is possible to obtain simultaneously magnetic properties the magnetization Ms, the cubic anisotropy K1 and the uniaxial anisotropy Ku from only one torque curve by the simple experiment and calculation.

Measurements of mean velocity components, turbulent intensities, velocity probability density functions, power spectra and autocorrelation functions of axial velocity fluctuation, and spatial turbulence macroscale, are reported in a turbulent round jet flow, issuing vertically into stagnant air, in non-combusting and combusting situations. The fuel density (a mixture of methane and argon) is chosen to be equal to the cold flow gas density (a mixture of air and helium) in order to minimize cold fuel/cold gas mixture density difference effects on measured turbulence properties. The objectives are to study the influence of the combustion process on the turbulence structure of the combustible jet flows considered, and to provide data against which results of numerical prediction methods for such flows embodying various turbulence and combustion models can be compared, with a view to improving our understanding of relevant transport processes and on guiding modelling and prediction efforts of such flows. A one-dimensional laser velocimeter operating in forward scatter differential Doppler mode was used to obtain the measurements. Gas temperatures were measured by thermocouples. A visual study by schlieren photography has also been conducted. It is found that the existence of the flame suppresses turbulence in the upstream region of the jet flow and enhances it in the downstream region, where turbulence intensities are substantially higher than in the corresponding cold jet flow. However, the relative intensities, i.e. the ratio of the local turbulent intensity to the local mean velocity, are smaller in the jet diffusion flame and become comparable to relative turbulent intensities found in the cold jet flow in the downstream region of the flow. Turbulence in the jet diffusion flame is appreciably more anisotropic than in the corresponding cold jet in all regions of the flow, suggesting the eventual desirability of multi-stress models of turbulence for the prediction of such flames. The combustion process has been found to have also a marked influence on the turbulence macroscale. It is significantly smaller than in the cold jet flow in the upstream region and increases appreciably at downstream distances, the rate of this increase closely following the rate of temperature increase. The experimental results obtained will guide the development of an improved prediction method for such combusting systems.