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1. Search for tri-nucleon decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge in GERDA

Author

M. Agostini, A. Alexander, G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, S. Calgaro, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, P.-J. Chiu, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, A. Di Giacinto, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, K. Kilgus, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, G. Marshall, M. Misiaszek, M. Morella, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, M. Neuberger, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, L. Rauscher, M. Redchuk, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, S. Sailer, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A.-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, S. Sullivan, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and GERDA collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We search for tri-nucleon decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge in the dataset from the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Decays that populate excited levels of the daughter nucleus above the threshold for particle emission lead to disintegration and are not considered. The ppp-, ppn-, and pnn-decays lead to $$^{73}$$ 73 Cu, $$^{73}$$ 73 Zn, and $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga nuclei, respectively. These nuclei are unstable and eventually proceed by the beta decay of $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga to $$^{73}$$ 73 Ge (stable). We search for the $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga decay exploiting the fact that it dominantly populates the 66.7 keV $$^{73m}$$ 73 m Ga state with half-life of 0.5 s. The nnn-decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge that proceed via $$^{73m}$$ 73 m Ge are also included in our analysis. We find no signal candidate and place a limit on the sum of the decay widths of the inclusive tri-nucleon decays that corresponds to a lower lifetime limit of 1.2 $$\times $$ × 10 $$^{26}$$ 26 yr (90% credible interval). This result improves previous limits for tri-nucleon decays by one to three orders of magnitude.

Published
2023
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2. Liquid argon light collection and veto modeling in GERDA Phase II

Author

M. Agostini, A. Alexander, G. R. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, S. Calgaro, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, P. -J. Chiu, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, A. Di Giacinto, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, K. Kilgus, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, B. Lehnert, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, G. Marshall, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, M. Morella, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, M. Neuberger, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, L. Rauscher, M. Redchuk, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, S. Sailer, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A. -K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, S. Sullivan, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and Gerda collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The ability to detect liquid argon scintillation light from within a densely packed high-purity germanium detector array allowed the Gerda experiment to reach an exceptionally low background rate in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $${}^{76}$$ 76 Ge. Proper modeling of the light propagation throughout the experimental setup, from any origin in the liquid argon volume to its eventual detection by the novel light read-out system, provides insight into the rejection capability and is a necessary ingredient to obtain robust background predictions. In this paper, we present a model of the Gerda liquid argon veto, as obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and constrained by calibration data, and highlight its application for background decomposition.

Published
2023
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3. Pulse shape analysis in Gerda Phase II

Author

M. Agostini, G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, J. Huang, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, K. Kilgus, A. Kirsch, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, K. Panas, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, L. Rauscher, M. Redchuk, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A. -K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, V. Wagner, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and GERDA collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double- $$\beta $$ β decay in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge using isotopically enriched high purity germanium detectors at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN. After Phase I (2011–2013), the experiment benefited from several upgrades, including an additional active veto based on LAr instrumentation and a significant increase of mass by point-contact germanium detectors that improved the half-life sensitivity of Phase II (2015–2019) by an order of magnitude. At the core of the background mitigation strategy, the analysis of the time profile of individual pulses provides a powerful topological discrimination of signal-like and background-like events. Data from regular $$^{228}$$ 228 Th calibrations and physics data were both considered in the evaluation of the pulse shape discrimination performance. In this work, we describe the various methods applied to the data collected in Gerda Phase II corresponding to an exposure of 103.7 kg year. These methods suppress the background by a factor of about 5 in the region of interest around $$Q_{\beta \beta }= 2039$$ Q β β = 2039 keV, while preserving $$(81\pm 3)$$ ( 81 ± 3 ) % of the signal. In addition, an exhaustive list of parameters is provided which were used in the final data analysis.

Published
2022
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4. Calibration of the Gerda experiment

Author

M. Agostini, G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, J. Huang, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, L. Rauscher, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and Gerda Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double- $$\beta $$ β decay in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Q β β $$=2039.061(7)$$ = 2039.061 ( 7 ) keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double- $$\beta $$ β decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $$^{228}$$ 228 Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full Gerda dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years.

Published
2021
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5. Characterization of inverted coaxial $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge detectors in GERDA for future double- $$\beta $$ β decay experiments

Author

M. Agostini, G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, W. Hofmann, J. Huang, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, L. Rauscher, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A.-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and Gerda Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Neutrinoless double- $$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge is searched for with germanium detectors where source and detector of the decay are identical. For the success of future experiments it is important to increase the mass of the detectors. We report here on the characterization and testing of five prototype detectors manufactured in inverted coaxial (IC) geometry from material enriched to 88% in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge. IC detectors combine the large mass of the traditional semi-coaxial Ge detectors with the superior resolution and pulse shape discrimination power of point contact detectors which exhibited so far much lower mass. Their performance has been found to be satisfactory both when operated in vacuum cryostat and bare in liquid argon within the Gerda setup. The measured resolutions at the Q-value for double- $$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge ( $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Q β β = 2039 keV) are about 2.1 keV full width at half maximum in vacuum cryostat. After 18 months of operation within the ultra-low background environment of the GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment and an accumulated exposure of 8.5 kg $$\cdot $$ · year, the background index after analysis cuts is measured to be $$4.9^{+7.3}_{-3.4}\times 10^{-4} \ \text {counts}/(\text {keV} \cdot \text {kg} \cdot \text {year})$$ 4 . 9 - 3.4 + 7.3 × 10 - 4 counts / ( keV · kg · year ) around $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Q β β . This work confirms the feasibility of IC detectors for the next-generation experiment Legend.

Published
2021
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6. Modeling of GERDA Phase II data

Author

The GERDA collaboration, M. Agostini, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, D. Borowicz, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, A. Domula, E. Doroshkevich, V. Egorov, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, I. Nemchenok, K. Panas, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, L. Vanhoefer, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, and G. Zuzel

Subjects
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76Ge. The technological challenge of Gerda is to operate in a “background-free” regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100 kg·yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around Q ββ for the 0νββ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos (2νββ) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for Gerda Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of 16.04 − 0.85 + 0.78 · 10 − 3 $$ {16.04}_{-0.85}^{+0.78}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and 14.68 − 0.52 + 0.47 · 10 − 3 $$ {14.68}_{-0.52}^{+0.47}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components.

Published
2020
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7. Characterization of 30 $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge enriched Broad Energy Ge detectors for GERDA Phase II

Author

M. Agostini, A. M. Bakalyarov, E. Andreotti, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, N. Barros, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, G. Benato, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, T. Bode, D. Borowicz, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, D. Budjáš, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, A. Domula, E. Doroshkevich, V. Egorov, R. Falkenstein, K. Freund, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, A. Hegai, M. Heisel, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Kirsch, A. Kish, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, B. Lehnert, Y. Liao, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, G. Marissens, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, I. Nemchenok, K. Panas, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, M. Salathe, C. Schmitt, B. Schneider, S. Schönert, A.-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, L. Stanco, L. Vanhoefer, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, K. von Sturm, V. Wagner, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and GERDA Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) is a low background experiment located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, which searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge into $$^{76}$$ 76 Se+2e$$^-$$ - . Gerda has been conceived in two phases. Phase II, which started in December 2015, features several novelties including 30 new 76Ge enriched detectors. These were manufactured according to the Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detector design that has a better background discrimination capability and energy resolution compared to formerly widely-used types. Prior to their installation, the new BEGe detectors were mounted in vacuum cryostats and characterized in detail in the Hades underground laboratory in Belgium. This paper describes the properties and the overall performance of these detectors during operation in vacuum. The characterization campaign provided not only direct input for Gerda Phase II data collection and analyses, but also allowed to study detector phenomena, detector correlations as well as to test the accuracy of pulse shape simulation codes.

Published
2019
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8. Upgrade for Phase II of the Gerda experiment

Author

GERDA Collaboration, M. Agostini, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, S. T. Belyaev, G. Benato, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, T. Bode, D. Borowicz, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, A. Domula, E. Doroshkevich, V. Egorov, R. Falkenstein, N. Frodyma, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, A. Hegai, M. Heisel, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, L. Ioannucci, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Kirsch, A. Kish, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, V. I. Lebedev, B. Lehnert, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, E. Medinaceli, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, I. Nemchenok, S. Nisi, K. Panas, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, M. Salathe, C. Schmitt, B. Schneider, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, A-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, L. Stanco, L. Vanhoefer, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, K. von Sturm, V. Wagner, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, and G. Zuzel

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The Gerda collaboration is performing a sensitive search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $$^{76}\hbox {Ge}$$ 76Ge at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The upgrade of the Gerda experiment from Phase I to Phase II has been concluded in December 2015. The first Phase II data release shows that the goal to suppress the background by one order of magnitude compared to Phase I has been achieved. Gerda is thus the first experiment that will remain “background-free” up to its design exposure ($$\hbox {100 kg}~\hbox {year}$$ 100 kgyear ). It will reach thereby a half-life sensitivity of more than $$10^{26}$$ 1026 year within 3 years of data collection. This paper describes in detail the modifications and improvements of the experimental setup for Phase II and discusses the performance of individual detector components.

Published
2018
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9. Cross Sections for Solar-Neutrino Capture by the 76Ge Nucleus and High-Lying Gamow—Teller Resonances

Author

G. A. Koroteev, Yu. S. Lutostansky, L. V. Inzhechik, A. K. Vyborov, A. N. Fazliakhmetov, and V. N. Tikhonov

Subjects
Physics, Quenching, Normalization (statistics), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Strength function, Solar neutrino, Nuclear Theory, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), medicine.anatomical_structure, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleus
Abstract

The cross section σ(Eν) for solar-neutrino capture by the 76Ge nucleus is calculated. The effect of Gamow-Teller resonances on the rate of neutrino capture in the reaction 76Ge (ν, e−)76 As is studied. It is shown that the contribution of high-lying Gamow-Teller resonances to the charge-exchange strength function increases the rate of solar-neutrino capture by 25% to 50%, depending on the normalization method and on the inclusion of the quenching effect.

Published
2019

10. Cross Section of Solar Neutrino Capture by 76Ge Nuclei

Author

G. A. Koroteev, L. V. Inzhechik, Yu. S. Lutostansky, A. N. Fazliakhmetov, V. N. Tikhonov, and A. K. Vyborov

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Strength function, Solar neutrino, Hadron, Continuous spectrum, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance (chemistry), 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences
Abstract

The results are presented from calculating capture cross section σ(Eν) of solar neutrinos by 76Ge nuclei. Experimental data on strength function S(E), obtained in the charge-exchange 76Ge(3He, t)76As reaction, are used in these calculations. The effect the resonance structure of strength function S(E) has on cross section σ(Eν) is examined. It is shown that the giant Gamow–Teller resonance alone makes a contribution of ~20%, and the contribution of lower-lying excitations in the continuous spectrum part is even larger. These contributions must be considered in calculations for background events in experiments on double beta decay of the GERDA (LEGEND) type.

Published
2019

11. Calibration of the Gerda experiment

Author

T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, E. V. Demidova, J. Janicskó Csáthy, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, A. V. Veresnikova, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Chernogorov, R. Hiller, T. Comellato, S. Belogurov, I. Zhitnikov, R. Mingazheva, B. Schwingenheuer, C. Bauer, P. Krause, Igor Nemchenok, Stefano Riboldi, L. Shtembari, Bela Majorovits, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Paolo Piseri, J. Huang, O.I. Kochetov, Mikael Hult, M. Misiaszek, M. Miloradovic, Laura Baudis, M. Fomina, S. Hemmer, J. Hakenmüller, G. R. Araujo, S. Schönert, A. M. Gangapshev, C. Vignoli, A. Garfagnini, M. Schütt, Werner Hofmann, O. Schulz, R. Kneißl, I. R. Barabanov, L. Manzanillas, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, Josef Jochum, A. Lubashevskiy, Y. Kermaïdic, K. N. Gusev, V. D'Andrea, K. T. Knöpfle, Ivano Lippi, D. Stukov, Allen Caldwell, C. Wiesinger, V. I. Gurentsov, M. Balata, M. Shirchenko, R. Brugnera, L. B. Bezrukov, K. von Sturm, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V. B. Brudanin, E. Bossio, A. A. Vasenko, E. Shevchik, V. V. Kazalov, V. V. Kuzminov, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Pullia, Franz Dieter Fischer, E. Doroshkevich, Matteo Agostini, F. Salamida, Cinzia Sada, B. Zatschler, M. M. Wojcik, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, E. Bellotti, M. Schwarz, C. Ransom, Hardy Simgen, G. Zuzel, L. Pertoldi, A.-K. Schütz, N. Di Marco, M. Junker, Manfred Lindner, O. Selivanenko, C. Macolino, M. Laubenstein, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. Bothe, K. Pelczar, Alessandro Bettini, Y. Müller, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, Jochen Schreiner, Th. Kihm, V. Biancacci, H. Khushbakht, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, L. Rauscher, A. A. Klimenko, A. Zschocke, N. Rumyantseva, P. Grabmayr, and GERDA Collaboration

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Regular Article - Experimental Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Germanium, Electron, QC770-798, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Resolution (electron density), Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, QB460-466, chemistry, GERDA - Abteilung Hinton, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039.061(7)keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double-$\beta$ decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full GERDA dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

12. Final Results of GERDA on the Search for Neutrinoless Double-ß Decay

Author

V. I. Gurentsov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Lubashevskiy, T. Wester, A. A. Vasenko, A.A. Smolnikov, J. Huang, O.I. Kochetov, J. Janicskó Csáthy, R. Mingazheva, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, A. M. Gangapshev, B. Schwingenheuer, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, V. V. Kazalov, O. Schulz, E. Doroshkevich, Franz Dieter Fischer, A.-K. Schütz, I. Zhitnikov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Werner Hofmann, N. Di Marco, Paolo Piseri, G. R. Araujo, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Lazzaro, D. Stukov, M. Schwarz, M. Miloradovic, Allen Caldwell, A. Garfagnini, W. Maneschg, S. Schönert, Josef Jochum, E. A. Yanovich, M. Balata, C. Bauer, Stefano Riboldi, L. Shtembari, F. Salamida, Manfred Lindner, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, Hardy Simgen, I. R. Barabanov, V. D'Andrea, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, P. Krause, Igor Nemchenok, Mikael Hult, K. Panas, K. von Sturm, Bela Majorovits, K. N. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, M. Misiaszek, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, L. Manzanillas, E. V. Demidova, T. Comellato, L. Pertoldi, S. Hemmer, Y. Kermaïdic, Laura Baudis, A. Pullia, G. Zuzel, O. Selivanenko, S. Belogurov, Ivano Lippi, C. Wiesinger, A. V. Veresnikova, M. Shirchenko, A. Chernogorov, M. Fomina, R. Hiller, E. Bossio, M. Schütt, D. Borowicz, L. V. Inzhechik, Cinzia Sada, B. Zatschler, P. Grabmayr, Alessandro Bettini, Y. Müller, C. Macolino, V. Bothe, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, M. Junker, C. Vignoli, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, L. Rauscher, A. Zschocke, Jochen Schreiner, V. Biancacci, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, M. M. Wojcik, E. Bellotti, Th. Kihm, H. Khushbakht, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, N. Rumyantseva, M. Laubenstein, and GERDA collaboration

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Signal region, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 3. Good health, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, GE-76, 0103 physical sciences, GERDA - Abteilung Hinton, Liquid argon, Beta (velocity), SHAPE, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Diode
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment searched for the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless double-$\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{76}$Ge, whose discovery would have far-reaching implications in cosmology and particle physics. By operating bare germanium diodes, enriched in $^{76}$Ge, in an active liquid argon shield, GERDA achieved an unprecedently low background index of $5.2\times10^{-4}$ counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) in the signal region and met the design goal to collect an exposure of 100 kg$\cdot$yr in a background-free regime. When combined with the result of Phase I, no signal is observed after 127.2 kg$\cdot$yr of total exposure. A limit on the half-life of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge is set at $T_{1/2}>1.8\times10^{26}$ yr at 90% C.L., which coincides with the sensitivity assuming no signal., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2020

13. First Search for Bosonic Superweakly Interacting Massive Particles with Masses up to <math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> with GERDA

Author

M, Agostini, A M, Bakalyarov, M, Balata, I, Barabanov, L, Baudis, C, Bauer, E, Bellotti, S, Belogurov, A, Bettini, L, Bezrukov, D, Borowicz, E, Bossio, V, Bothe, V, Brudanin, R, Brugnera, A, Caldwell, C, Cattadori, A, Chernogorov, T, Comellato, V, D'Andrea, E V, Demidova, N, Di Marco, E, Doroshkevich, V, Egorov, F, Fischer, M, Fomina, A, Gangapshev, A, Garfagnini, C, Gooch, P, Grabmayr, V, Gurentsov, K, Gusev, J, Hakenmüller, S, Hemmer, R, Hiller, W, Hofmann, M, Hult, L V, Inzhechik, J, Janicskó Csáthy, J, Jochum, M, Junker, V, Kazalov, Y, Kermaïdic, H, Khushbakht, T, Kihm, I V, Kirpichnikov, A, Klimenko, R, Kneißl, K T, Knöpfle, O, Kochetov, V N, Kornoukhov, P, Krause, V V, Kuzminov, M, Laubenstein, A, Lazzaro, M, Lindner, I, Lippi, A, Lubashevskiy, B, Lubsandorzhiev, G, Lutter, C, Macolino, B, Majorovits, W, Maneschg, M, Miloradovic, R, Mingazheva, M, Misiaszek, P, Moseev, I, Nemchenok, K, Panas, L, Pandola, K, Pelczar, L, Pertoldi, P, Piseri, A, Pullia, C, Ransom, L, Rauscher, S, Riboldi, N, Rumyantseva, C, Sada, F, Salamida, S, Schönert, J, Schreiner, M, Schütt, A-K, Schütz, O, Schulz, M, Schwarz, B, Schwingenheuer, O, Selivanenko, E, Shevchik, M, Shirchenko, H, Simgen, A, Smolnikov, D, Stukov, A A, Vasenko, A, Veresnikova, C, Vignoli, K, von Sturm, T, Wester, C, Wiesinger, M, Wojcik, E, Yanovich, B, Zatschler, I, Zhitnikov, S V, Zhukov, D, Zinatulina, A, Zschocke, A J, Zsigmond, K, Zuber, and G, Zuzel

Abstract

We present the first search for bosonic superweakly interacting massive particles (super-WIMPs) as keV-scale dark matter candidates performed with the GERDA experiment. GERDA is a neutrinoless double-β decay experiment which operates high-purity germanium detectors enriched in Ge76 in an ultralow background environment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. Searches were performed for pseudoscalar and vector particles in the mass region from 60 keV/c2 to 1 MeV/c2. No evidence for a dark matter signal was observed, and the most stringent constraints on the couplings of super-WIMPs with masses above 120 keV/c2 have been set. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV/c2 the most stringent direct limits on the dimensionless couplings of axionlike particles and dark photons to electrons of gae<3×10−12 and α′/α<6.5×10−24 at 90% credible interval, respectively, were obtained.

Published
2020

14. First Search for Bosonic Superweakly Interacting Massive Particles with Masses up to 1 MeV/c2 with GERDA

Author

K. Panas, M. M. Wojcik, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, A.-K. Schütz, E. Bellotti, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, N. Di Marco, Alessandro Bettini, Manfred Lindner, W. Maneschg, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, E. A. Yanovich, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, O.I. Kochetov, Laura Baudis, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, V. G. Egorov, Kai Zuber, R. Brugnera, O. Selivanenko, R. Mingazheva, Th. Kihm, M. Balata, A. A. Vasenko, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, L. Rauscher, B. Schwingenheuer, M. Junker, Werner Hofmann, V. I. Gurentsov, A. Zschocke, V. Bothe, Paolo Piseri, Allen Caldwell, A. M. Gangapshev, E. Doroshkevich, I. V. Kirpichnikov, H. Khushbakht, P. Moseev, Jochen Schreiner, P. Grabmayr, Luciano Pandola, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. V. Inzhechik, C. Vignoli, A. Lazzaro, M. Miloradovic, K. von Sturm, A. A. Klimenko, L. Pertoldi, M. Schwarz, A. Garfagnini, O. Schulz, A. Pullia, K. N. Gusev, A. Lubashevskiy, N. Rumyantseva, K. T. Knöpfle, C. Macolino, Cinzia Sada, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, Hardy Simgen, B. Zatschler, I. R. Barabanov, C. Gooch, R. Kneißl, S. V. Zhukov, Josef Jochum, S. Schönert, V. V. Kazalov, Franz Dieter Fischer, T. Comellato, M. Laubenstein, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Chernogorov, R. Hiller, G. Zuzel, P. Krause, Y. Kermaïdic, Ivano Lippi, J. Hakenmüller, C. Wiesinger, M. Shirchenko, V. D'Andrea, M. Fomina, D. Stukov, E. Bossio, F. Salamida, C. Bauer, Stefano Riboldi, M. Misiaszek, M. Schütt, D. Borowicz, J. Janicskó Csáthy, I. Zhitnikov, Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, E. V. Demidova, S. Belogurov, D. R. Zinatulina, Mikael Hult, and S. Hemmer

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Photon, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Pseudoscalar, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

We present the first search for bosonic superweakly interacting massive particles (super-WIMPs) as keV-scale dark matter candidates performed with the GERDA experiment. GERDA is a neutrinoless double-s decay experiment which operates high-purity germanium detectors enriched in ^{76}Ge in an ultralow background environment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. Searches were performed for pseudoscalar and vector particles in the mass region from 60 keV/c^{2} to 1 MeV/c^{2}. No evidence for a dark matter signal was observed, and the most stringent constraints on the couplings of super-WIMPs with masses above 120 keV/c^{2} have been set. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV/c^{2} the most stringent direct limits on the dimensionless couplings of axionlike particles and dark photons to electrons of g_{ae}

Published
2020

15. High-multiplicity muon events observed with EMMA array

Author

Jari Joutsenvaara, Pasi Kuusiniemi, L. B. Bezrukov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Maciej Slupecki, Timo Enqvist, Kai Loo, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, and L. V. Inzhechik

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, History, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, astrofysiikka, hiukkasfysiikka, High multiplicity, kosminen säteily, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

High-multiplicity data, collected with a segmented scintillator array of the cosmic-ray experiment EMMA (Experiment with Multi-Muon Array), is presented for the first time. The measurements were done at the depth of 75 meters (210 m.w.e.) in the Pyhäsalmi mine in Finland. EMMA uses two types of detectors: drift chambers and plastic scintillation detectors. The presented data were acquired over the period between December, 2015 and April, 2018 using 128-800 plastic scintillator pixels probing the fiducial area of ˜100 m2. The results are being interpreted in terms of CORSIKA simulations. Several events with densities in excess of 10 muons per m2 were observed. At the next stage of the analysis, the high-multiplicity events will be matched with precision tracking data extracted from the multi-layer drift chambers of EMMA. Observation of high-density muon bundles was first reported by the LEP experiments: DELPHI, L3+C, and ALEPH. More recently, the ALICE experiment at CERN has provided new cosmic-ray results together with improved interpretation benefiting from the updated cross section values extracted from LHC results. While the tracking performance of ALICE is superior to EMMA, the duration of ALICE cosmic-ray measurements is very limited. Over the period of 2010–2018 the total exposure was only 93 days while EMMA, having a similar overburden provides a larger footprint and collects data continuously.

Published
2020

16. Underground investigation of extensive air showers spectra at high energy range of cosmic rays and other research in the Pyhäsalmi mine

Author

Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Kai Loo, Y. Mukhamejanov, N.O. Saduyev, N. Yerezhep, A. Y. Baktoraz, Jari Joutsenvaara, Maciej Slupecki, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, L. V. Inzhechik, T. Enqvist, Pasi Kuusiniemi, and L. B. Bezrukov

Subjects
ғарыш сәулелері, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, astrofysiikka, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Borehole, knee, Ocean Engineering, Cosmic ray, hiukkasfysiikka, Spectral line, Atmosphere, Nuclear physics, nuclear and elementary particle physics, cosmic rays, high-energy muon, жоғары энергиялы мюон, Physics, тізе аймағы, theoretical physics, Range (particle radiation), Muon, astrophysics, кең ауқымды нөсер (КАН), Neutrino detector, ilmaisimet, Extensive Air Shower (EAS), EMMA, Neutrino, kosminen säteily
Abstract

High energy particles reaching the Earth’s atmosphere are known as cosmic rays. As a result of interactions with nuclei of air molecules, cosmic rays induce showers of secondary particles, which can be divided into 3 components: electromagnetic, hadronic and muonic components. The Experiment with Multi Muon Array (EMMA), located at the depth of 75 m in the Pyhäsalmi mine in Finland, investigates the muonic component of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) to deduce the direction, energy, and the mass of the primary cosmic ray particles. In this paper we give a concise description and methodology used by EMMA followed by a brief review of the C14 experiment. Finally, we review the feasibility to host in the Pyhäsalmi mine a future large-scale liquid-based neutrino detector and implement a novel concept of acoustic detection of neutrinos in bedrock utilizing the network of many kilometers of boreholes surrounding the now-exploited ore body. Pеферат Жер атмосферасы арқылы өтетін жоғары энергия бөлшектерінің ағыны ғарыштық сәулелер ретінде белгілі. Жоғары энергетикалық ғарыш сәулесі бөлшектерінің ядролық өзара әрекеттесуі нәтижесінде екінші реттік бөлшектер өндіреді, оларды 3 құрамдас бөлікке бөлуге болады: электромагниттік, адрондық және мюондық. Финляндиядағы Пюхясалми шахтасында 75 м тереңдікте орналасқан мульти-мюон массиві (EMMA) бар Эксперимент бастапқы ғарыш сәулесі бөлшектерінің бағытын, энергиясын және массасын шығару үшін кең әуе нөсерлерінің (EAS) мюондық құрамын зерттейді. Бұл мақалада біз Эмма қолданатын қысқаша сипаттама мен әдіснаманы, содан кейін C14 экспериментіне қысқаша шолу береміз. Ақырында, біз шахтада болашақ ірі көлемді сұйық нейтринді детекторды Пюхясалми орналастыру мүмкіндігін қарастырамыз және қазіргі қолданыстағы кең көлемі көптеген километрлік ұңғымалар желісін пайдалана отырып, жартастағы жыныстардағы нейтриноны акустикасын анықтаудың жаңа тұжырымдамасын іске асырамыз.

Published
2020

17. Modeling of GERDA Phase II data

Author

A. Domula, M. Schwarz, Laura Baudis, C. Wiesinger, Paolo Piseri, M. Shirchenko, A. Lazzaro, E. Bossio, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Alessandro Bettini, D. R. Zinatulina, M. Miloradovic, E. V. Demidova, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Chernogorov, R. Hiller, R. Kneißl, S. Belogurov, V. D'Andrea, Stefano Riboldi, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, Igor Nemchenok, M. Schütt, M. Misiaszek, Cinzia Sada, B. Zatschler, Bela Majorovits, C. Macolino, Hardy Simgen, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, C. Vignoli, R. Brugnera, Mikael Hult, D. Borowicz, K. N. Gusev, Jochen Schreiner, L. Pertoldi, F. Fischer, Josef Jochum, N. Rumyantseva, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, V. I. Gurentsov, S. Hemmer, Y. Kermaïdic, J. Janicskó Csáthy, Stefan Schönert, E. Doroshkevich, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. V. Inzhechik, Ivano Lippi, Manfred Lindner, E. Bellotti, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, K. Panas, I. Zhitnikov, V. Bothe, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, A. Zschocke, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, A.-K. Schütz, Marcin Wójcik, V. N. Kornoukhov, M. Fomina, P. Grabmayr, K. Pelczar, N. Di Marco, O.I. Kochetov, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, I. R. Barabanov, A. M. Gangapshev, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, Thomas Kihm, O. Selivanenko, R. Mingazheva, B. Schwingenheuer, M. Junker, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, A. Garfagnini, K. T. Knöpfle, T. Comellato, L. Vanhoefer, Matthias Laubenstein, G. Zuzel, V. V. Kazalov, P. Krause, A. A. Vasenko, Christian Bauer, A. Lubashevskiy, J. Hakenmüller, D. Stukov, Werner Hofmann, F. Salamida, Allen Caldwell, and K. von Sturm

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectrum (functional analysis), Detector, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Order (ring theory), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor detector, ddc, Region of interest, 0103 physical sciences, Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments), lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, DOUBLE-BETA DECAY, Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76Ge. The technological challenge of Gerda is to operate in a “background-free” regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100 kg·yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around Qββ for the 0νββ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos (2νββ) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for Gerda Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of $$ {16.04}_{-0.85}^{+0.78}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ 16.04 − 0.85 + 0.78 · 10 − 3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and $$ {14.68}_{-0.52}^{+0.47}\cdotp {10}^{-3} $$ 14.68 − 0.52 + 0.47 · 10 − 3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components.

Published
2019

18. Performance of tracking stations of the underground cosmic-ray detector array EMMA

Author

Maciej Slupecki, Timo Enqvist, V. B. Petkov, L. B. Bezrukov, I. M. Dzaparova, L. V. Inzhechik, G. V. Volchenko, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, A. F. Yanin, A. Virkajärvi, Jari Joutsenvaara, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Pasi Kuusiniemi, Kai Loo, V. I. Volchenko, and H. O. U. Fynbo

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, tutkimuslaitteet, High-energy muons, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Optics, cosmic rays, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, drift chambers, Underground experiment, Cosmic rays, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Image resolution, Physics, Muon, Drift chambers, ta114, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, high-energy muons, ilmaisimet, underground experiment, Scintillation counter, Plastic scintillation detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, kosminen säteily, Muon tracking, muon tracking, plastic scintillation detectors
Abstract

The new cosmic-ray experiment EMMA operates at the depth of 75 m (50 GeV cutoff energy for vertical muons; 210 m.w.e.) in the Pyhasalmi mine, Finland. The underground infrastructure consists of a network of eleven stations equipped with multi-layer, position-sensitive detectors. EMMA is designed for cosmic-ray composition studies around the energy range of the knee, i.e., for primary particles with energies between 1 and 10 PeV. In order to yield significant new results EMMA must be able to record data in the full configuration for about three years. The key to the success of the experiment is the performance of its tracking stations. In this paper we describe the layout of EMMA and construction of the two main detector types used for muon tracking: the high-resolution drift chambers and fast scintillation detector arrays. We also show the measured tracking efficiencies, position and angular resolutions, and sensitivity of drift chambers to the air pressure. The measured angular muon distributions are well reproduced by CORSIKA simulations folded with the known density distribution of the overburden. The single muon flux at the depth of 210 m.w.e. is (1.29 ± 0.06) m − 2 s − 1 . This value was determined from the reconstructed tracks registered by a six-layer array of position-sensitive drift chambers.

Published
2018

19. Cosmic-ray muon flux at Canfranc Underground Laboratory

Author

Kai Loo, L. B. Bezrukov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Alexander Nozik, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Maciej Slupecki, I. Bandac, Timo Enqvist, A. N. Fazliakhmetov, Alessandro Bettini, L. V. Inzhechik, Carlos Peña Garay, Alberto Bayo, Maria Poliakova, Jari Joutsenvaara, Aldo Ianni, and Pasi Kuusiniemi

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, lcsh:Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), hiukkasfysiikka, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Zenith, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Physics - Applied Physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Azimuth, ilmaisimet, high-energy cosmic muons, Muon flux, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, kosminen säteily
Abstract

Residual flux and angular distribution of high-energy cosmic muons have been measured in two underground locations at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) using a dedicated Muon Monitor. The instrument consists of three layers of fast scintillation detector modules operating as 352 independent pixels. The monitor has flux-defining area of 1 m${}^{2}$, covers all azimuth angles, and zenith angles up to $80^\circ$. The measured integrated muon flux is $(5.26 \pm 0.21) \times 10^{-3}$ m${}^{-2}$s${}^{-1}$ in the Hall A of the LAB2400 and $(4.29 \pm 0.17) \times 10^{-3}$ m${}^{-2}$s${}^{-1}$ in LAB2500. The angular dependence is consistent with the known profile and rock density of the surrounding mountains. In particular, there is a clear maximum in the flux coming from the direction of the Rioseta valley., Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures

Published
2019

20. High-lying Gamow-Teller resonances and neutrino capture cross-section for 76Ge

Author

A. N. Fazliakhmetov, L. V. Inzhechik, G. A. Koroteev, V. N. Tikhonov, Yu. S. Lutostansky, and A. K. Vyborov

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Quenching, Cross section (physics), Double beta decay, Strength function, Solar neutrino, Neutrino, Excitation, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

The effect of the GT-resonance structure of charge-exchange strength function in the 76Ge(3He,t)76 As reaction on the solar neutrino capture cross section was examined. It is shown that accounting of GT-resonances increase solar neutrino capture rate more then 20%. Theoretical strength functions for 76Ge and 74Ge were calculated in accordance with the framework of the self-consistent theory of finite Fermi systems. This results could help to decompose experimental strength function and itemize some low-lying excitation states and pygmy resonances. Also we demonstrate significant role of quenching effect for cross section calculations. Accurate counting of neutrino capture rate could change estimations on background events index in experiments on double beta decay search (like LEGEND).

Published
2019

21. Searching for neutrinoless double beta decay with GERDA

Author

S. Hemmer, V. N. Kornoukhov, Matthias Laubenstein, K. Pelczar, V. G. Egorov, K. T. Knöpfle, R. Brugnera, M. Balata, A. A. Vasenko, Guillaume Lutter, T. Wester, A. M. Bakalyarov, V. I. Lebedev, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, C. Wiesinger, L. Vanhoefer, Thomas Kihm, B. Schneider, Anna Julia Zsigmond, M. Shirchenko, E. Doroshkevich, Manfred Lindner, L. B. Bezrukov, Oliver Schulz, Kai Zuber, C. Macolino, L. Stanco, V. V. Kazalov, E. Shevchik, O.I. Kochetov, G. Zuzel, R. Falkenstein, H. V. Kirpichnikov, Jochen Schreiner, Alberto Pullia, A. Garfagnini, D. R. Zinatulina, O. Selivanenko, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, J. Janicsko, A.-K. Schütz, Hardy Simgen, Werner Hofmann, Allen Caldwell, M. Miloradovic, V. I. Gurentsov, K. N. Gusev, A. Hegai, K. Panas, T. Bode, A. Kish, A. M. Gangapshev, Marcin Wójcik, N. Di Marco, R. Mingazheva, Christian Bauer, A. Lubashevskiy, A. Domula, R. Kneiβl, Cinzia Sada, M. Junker, J. Hakenmüller, P. Grabmayr, B. Schwingenheuer, K. von Sturm, Mikael Hult, R. Hiller, Stefano Riboldi, E. Bellotti, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Stefan Schönert, C. Gooch, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, V. Wagner, I. Zhitnikov, I. R. Barabanov, Laura Baudis, M. Misiaszek, A. A. Klimenko, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, F. Salamida, S. V. Zhukov, Alessandro Bettini, B. Cattadori, A. Kirsch, Y. Kermaïdic, V. D'Andrea, Ivano Lippi, L. V. Inzhechik, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, C. Schmitt, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Chernogorov, J. Jochum Csáthy, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, E. V. Demidova, and S. Belogurov

Subjects
Paper, Physics, History, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Double beta decay, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, ddc, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment located at the INFN Gran Sasso Laboratory (Italy), is looking for the neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge76, by using high-purity germanium detectors made from isotopically enriched material. The combination of the novel experimental design, the careful material selection for radio-purity and the active/passive shielding techniques result in a very low residual background at the Q-value of the decay, about 1e-3 counts/(keV kg yr). This makes GERDA the first experiment in the field to be background-free for the complete design exposure of 100 kg yr. A search for neutrinoless double beta decay was performed with a total exposure of 47.7 kg yr: 23.2 kg yr come from the second phase (Phase II) of the experiment, in which the background is reduced by about a factor of ten with respect to the previous phase. The analysis presented in this paper includes 12.4 kg yr of new Phase II data. No evidence for a possible signal is found: the lower limit for the half-life of Ge76 is 8.0e25 yr at 90% CL. The experimental median sensitivity is 5.8e25 yr. The experiment is currently taking data. As it is running in a background-free regime, its sensitivity grows linearly with exposure and it is expected to surpass 1e26 yr within 2018., 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of TAUP2017

Published
2020

22. Improved Limit on Neutrinoless Double- β Decay of Ge76 from GERDA Phase II

Author

L. V. Inzhechik, D. R. Zinatulina, O. Schulz, Mikael Hult, T. Comellato, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, V. Wagner, G. Zuzel, L. Vanhoefer, C. Bauer, A. A. Vasenko, T. Bode, Stefano Riboldi, A.-K. Schütz, A. Hegai, N. Di Marco, M. Misiaszek, F. Salamida, R. Brugnera, A. Garfagnini, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, Manfred Lindner, J. Janicskó Csáthy, V. N. Kornoukhov, Y. Kermaïdic, A. Kish, K. Pelczar, A. V. Veresnikova, J. Hakenmüller, I. Zhitnikov, Ivano Lippi, Allen Caldwell, A. Chernogorov, M. Junker, C. Wiesinger, A. Wegmann, M. Shirchenko, R. Hiller, L. Pertoldi, Igor Nemchenok, Guillaume Lutter, A. Kirsch, O. Selivanenko, A. M. Bakalyarov, A. Lubashevskiy, W. Maneschg, S. Hemmer, M. Laubenstein, E. A. Yanovich, K. von Sturm, Bela Majorovits, R. Falkenstein, P. Grabmayr, B. Schneider, I. V. Kirpichnikov, V. I. Gurentsov, V. V. Kazalov, M. Miloradovic, D. Borowicz, J. Biernat, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, R. Mingazheva, C. Schmitt, B. Schwingenheuer, R. Kneißl, O.I. Kochetov, Th. Kihm, A. M. Gangapshev, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, Werner Hofmann, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, A. Zschocke, Alessandro Bettini, E. V. Demidova, S. Belogurov, C. Macolino, A. Pullia, Cinzia Sada, V. D'Andrea, A. Lazzaro, S. Schönert, K. Panas, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, M. M. Wojcik, E. Bellotti, E. Doroshkevich, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, A. Domula, L. Stanco, V.B. Brudanin, C. Ransom, Hardy Simgen, Josef Jochum, I. R. Barabanov, S. V. Zhukov, K. N. Gusev, K. T. Knöpfle, and Laura Baudis

Subjects
Semileptonic decay, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Phase (waves), General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Type (model theory), 01 natural sciences, chemistry, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing), Diode
Abstract

The GERDA experiment searches for the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless double-β decay of ^{76}Ge (^{76}Ge→^{76}Se+2e^{-}) operating bare Ge diodes with an enriched ^{76}Ge fraction in liquid argon. The exposure for broad-energy germanium type (BEGe) detectors is increased threefold with respect to our previous data release. The BEGe detectors feature an excellent background suppression from the analysis of the time profile of the detector signals. In the analysis window a background level of 1.0_{-0.4}^{+0.6}×10^{-3} counts/(keV kg yr) has been achieved; if normalized to the energy resolution this is the lowest ever achieved in any 0νββ experiment. No signal is observed and a new 90% C.L. lower limit for the half-life of 8.0×10^{25} yr is placed when combining with our previous data. The expected median sensitivity assuming no signal is 5.8×10^{25} yr.

Published
2018

23. Searching Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with Gerda Phase II

Author

V. D'Andrea, O. Schulz, L. B. Bezrukov, J. Janicskó Csáthy, Elena Sala, E. Shevchik, K. Panas, A. Lazzaro, A. Kirsch, Josef Jochum, Y. Kermaïdic, S. Schönert, W. Maneschg, Ivano Lippi, E. A. Yanovich, Stefano Nisi, R. Mingazheva, I. Zhitnikov, I. R. Barabanov, A. Lubashevskiy, C. Gooch, C. Wiesinger, S. V. Zhukov, B. Schweisshelm, B. Schwingenheuer, A. Garfagnini, M. Shirchenko, T. Wester, A. Domula, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, V. I. Gurentsov, T. Comellato, V. Kazalov, A. Kish, A. V. Veresnikova, L. Stanco, V. G. Egorov, M. M. Wojcik, Allen Caldwell, L. Ioannucci, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V. Wagner, M. Balata, C. Ransom, C. Bauer, Stefano Riboldi, M. Junker, C. Hahne, A. Chernogorov, F. Salamida, A. A. Vasenko, Th. Kihm, L. Vanhoefer, Hardy Simgen, T. Bode, L. V. Inzhechik, S. Hemmer, M. Reissfelder, R. Hiller, V. B. Brudanin, K. von Sturm, E. Bellotti, M. Misiaszek, H. Seitz, A. Wegmann, Manfred Lindner, M. Giordano, E. Doroshkevich, Igor Nemchenok, R. Kneißl, B. Schneider, G. Zuzel, P. Moseev, Bela Majorovits, Luciano Pandola, D. R. Zinatulina, Werner Hofmann, A. A. Klimenko, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, M. Laubenstein, P. Holl, J. Hakenmüller, P. Grabmayr, A. Zschocke, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Mikael Hult, E. V. Demidova, M. Miloradovic, O. Selivanenko, S. Belogurov, R. Falkenstein, Jochen Schreiner, C. Schmitt, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, A.-K. Schütz, A. Hegai, N. Di Marco, K. N. Gusev, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, K. T. Knöpfle, Matteo Agostini, Laura Baudis, Gerd Marissens, O.I. Kochetov, A. M. Gangapshev, Alessandro Bettini, C. Macolino, A. Pullia, and Cinzia Sada

Subjects
Physics, Ge-76, Particle physics, Double beta decay, Phase (waves), Beta (velocity), Neutrino, Neutrinoless double beta decay, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

An observation of neutrinoless double beta ([Formula: see text]) decay would allow to shed light onto the nature of neutrinos. Gerda (GERmanium Detector Array) aims to discover this process in a background-free search using [Formula: see text]Ge. The experiment is located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. Bare, isotopically enriched, high purity germanium detectors are operated in liquid argon. Gerda follows a staged approach. In Phase II 35.6 kg of enriched germanium detectors are operated since December 2015. The application of active background rejection methods, such as a liquid argon scintillation light read-out and pulse shape discrimination of germanium detector signals, allows to reduce the background index to the intended level of [Formula: see text] cts/(keV⋅kg⋅yr). No evidence for the [Formula: see text] decay has been found in 23.2 kg⋅yr of Phase II data, and together with data from Phase I the up-to-date most stringent half-life limit for this process in [Formula: see text]Ge has been established, at a median sensitivity of 5.8⋅10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]yr the 90[Formula: see text]% C.L. lower limit is 8.0⋅10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]yr.

Published
2018

24. Upgrade for Phase II of the GERDA Experiment

Author

GERDA Collaboration, M. Agostini, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, E. Bellotti, S. Belogurov, S. T. Belyaev, G. Benato, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, T. Bode, D. Borowicz, V. Brudanin, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, N. Di Marco, A. Domula, E. Doroshkevich, V. Egorov, R. Falkenstein, N. Frodyma, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, A. Hegai, M. Heisel, S. Hemmer, R. Hiller, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, L. Ioannucci, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, T. Kihm, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Kirsch, A. Kish, A. Klimenko, R. Kneißl, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, A. Lazzaro, V. I. Lebedev, B. Lehnert, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, E. Medinaceli, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, P. Moseev, I. Nemchenok, S. Nisi, K. Panas, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, A. Pullia, C. Ransom, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, F. Salamida, M. Salathe, C. Schmitt, B. Schneider, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, A-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, L. Stanco, L. Vanhoefer, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, K. von Sturm, V. Wagner, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, and G. Zuzel

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, VETO, nucl-ex, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, DEPENDENCE, Double beta decay, LIQUID ARGON, lcsh:QB460-466, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), BETA-DECAY, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear Experiment, physics.ins-det, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), NEUTRINOS, Upgrade, GE-76, lcsh:QC770-798, SCINTILLATION, Data release, Order of magnitude
Abstract

The GERDA collaboration is performing a sensitive search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The upgrade of the GERDA experiment from Phase I to Phase II has been concluded in December 2015. The first Phase II data release shows that the goal to suppress the background by one order of magnitude compared to Phase I has been achieved. GERDA is thus the first experiment that will remain background-free up to its design exposure (100 kg yr). It will reach thereby a half-life sensitivity of more than 10$^{26}$ yr within 3 years of data collection. This paper describes in detail the modifications and improvements of the experimental setup for Phase II and discusses the performance of individual detector components., 31 pages, 34 figures

Published
2017

25. Search for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with the GERDA experiment: Phase II

Author

Christian Bauer, A. Lubashevskiy, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, V. I. Gurentsov, I. R. Barabanov, M. Heisel, C. Macolino, A. Garfagnini, S. V. Zhukov, M. Balata, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, J. Schreiner, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, E. Doroshkevich, R. Brugnera, M. Salathe, V. V. Kazalov, V. V. Kuzminov, J. Janicsko, Manfred Lindner, T. Wester, Matteo Agostini, A.A. Smolnikov, D. R. Zinatulina, Matthias Laubenstein, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, Allen Caldwell, Ivano Lippi, V. Egorov, Josef Jochum, D. Palioselitis, A. Kish, S. Schoenert, K. N. Gusev, A. K. Schuetz, E. Medinaceli, V. Wagner, O. Selivanenko, J. Janicskó Csáthy, Marcin Wójcik, V. D'Andrea, W. Maneschg, C. Gooch, E. A. Yanovich, K. T. Knoepfle, Cinzia Sada, P. Grabmayr, Stefano Riboldi, A. A. Vasenko, K. von Sturm, Giovanni Benato, A. Lazzaro, A. Domula, A. Hegai, E. V. Demidova, Mikael Hult, I. Zhitnikov, M. Misiaszek, B. Schwingenheuer, B. Lehnert, G. Zuzel, C. Wiesinger, R. Mingazheva, M. Shirchenko, M. Allardt, N. Di Marco, V. I. Lebedev, V.B. Brudanin, Hardy Simgen, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, S. Hemmer, Alessandro Bettini, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, R. Kneissl, A. Kirsch, S. Belogurov, A. A. Klimenko, Laura Baudis, A. V. Veresnikova, J. Hakenmüller, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, D. Borowicz, A. Chernogorov, N. Rumyantseva, K. Panas, B. Schneider, H. Y. Liao, Werner Hofmann, R. Falkenstein, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Luca Stanco, C. Schmitt, M. Miloradovic, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, F. Salamida, Bela Majorovits, M. Junker, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, Thomas Kihm, E. Bellotti, N. Frodyma, O.I. Kochetov, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, and L. V. Inzhechik

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, chemistry, Double beta decay, Liquid argon, Underground laboratory, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Sensitivity (control systems), Energy (signal processing), Semiconductor detector
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment, located at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory in Italy, is built for the search of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge. GERDA operates bare high purity germanium detectors submersed in liquid Argon (LAr). Phase I of the experiment was completed reaching an exposure of about 21 kg$\cdot$yr with a background level of $10^{-2}$ cts/(ke V $\cdot$ kg $\cdot$ yr). GERDA Phase I set a limit on the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} > 2.1 \cdot 10^{25}$ yr. In Phase II 35 kg of germanium detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge are operated to reach an exposure of 100 kg$\cdot$yr. The design goal is to reduce the background by one order of magnitude to reach the sensitivity for $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} = \mathcal{O} (10^{26} )$ yr. The Phase II setup comprises thirty newly produced Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detectors. They contribute to the background reduction with better energy resolution and enhanced pulse shape discrimination. To achieve the necessary background reduction, the setup was complemented with LAr veto. The hardware upgrade for Phase II was finished and all detectors were deployed in December 2015. We present the first results of Phase II with 10.8 kg$\cdot$yr exposure reached in June 2016.

Published
2017

26. Study of the GERDA Phase II background spectrum

Author

V. I. Gurentsov, R. Kneißl, V. G. Egorov, D. Palioselitis, V. D'Andrea, M. Balata, E. Shevzik, L. Vanhoefer, L. B. Bezrukov, V. B. Brudanin, M. Allardt, Matthias Laubenstein, A. V. Veresnikova, M. Salathe, M. Junker, M. M. Wojcik, C. Schmitt, R. Mingazheva, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, V. Kazalov, C. Cattadori, B. Schwingenheuer, J. Janicskó Csáthy, A. Domula, R. Brugnera, A. Kish, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Lubashevskiy, A. Kirsch, Oliver Schulz, V. V. Kuzminov, Alessandro Bettini, V. Wagner, I. Zhitnikov, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, Matteo Agostini, Alberto Pullia, M. Miloradovic, A. Wegmann, C. Bauer, Igor Nemchenok, V. I. Lebedev, A. Garfagnini, Manfred Lindner, L. Stanco, Stefano Riboldi, Bela Majorovits, D. Borowicz, A. Chernogorov, E. Medinaceli, Allen Caldwell, Laura Baudis, I.V. Kirpichnikov, A.A. Vasenko, O. Selivanenko, I. R. Barabanov, B. Lehnert, S. V. Zhukov, Hardy Simgen, E.V. Demidova, S. Belogurov, M. Misiaszek, H. Y. Liao, K. Panas, D. R. Zinatulina, K. N. Gusev, K. T. Knöpfle, C. Gooch, K. von Sturm, E. Bellotti, A.-K. Schütz, Stefan Schönert, A. Hegai, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Salamida, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, J. Hakenmüller, Ivano Lippi, C. Wiesinger, Werner Hofmann, Mikael Hult, M. Shirchenko, G. Zuzel, T. Bode, R. Falkenstein, Jochen Schreiner, S. Hemmer, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, B. Schneider, A. M. Bakalyarov, P. Grabmayr, J. Jochum, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, Kai Zuber, V.N. Kornoukhov, O.I. Kochetov, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, Th. Kihm, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, C. Macolino, and N. Frodyma

Subjects
Physics, History, Background spectrum, Physics and Astronomy (all), Phase (waves), Nuclear Matrix, Astrophysics, Beta Decay, Bolometers, Beta Decay, Bolometers, Nuclear Matrix, Computer Science Applications, Education
Published
2017

27. Limits on uranium and thorium bulk content in GERDA Phase I detectors

Author

V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, K. Panas, R. Falkenstein, Jochen Schreiner, C. Schmitt, D. Palioselitis, V. G. Egorov, Allen Caldwell, K. T. Knöpfle, M. Salathe, T. Wester, O. Fedorova, V. I. Gurentsov, B. Lehnert, M. Balata, N. Frodyma, E. Medinaceli, L. Vanhoefer, K. von Sturm, T. Bode, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, Laura Baudis, Cinzia Sada, Alessandro Bettini, O.I. Kochetov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Kish, R. Mingazheva, K. Freund, Marcin Wójcik, Stefano Riboldi, M. Junker, P. Grabmayr, H. Y. Liao, B. Schwingenheuer, Giovanni Benato, A.-K. Schütz, G. Zuzel, A. Hegai, S. T. Belyaev, V. D'Andrea, M. Misiaszek, C. Wiesinger, J. Jochum, A. M. Gangapshev, M. Shirchenko, V. V. Kazalov, E. V. Demidova, I. R. Barabanov, P. Moseev, Thomas Kihm, K. N. Gusev, D. R. Zinatulina, Luciano Pandola, V. I. Lebedev, A. A. Klimenko, S. V. Zhukov, M. Allardt, R. Brugnera, Stefan Schönert, L. B. Bezrukov, S. Belogurov, M. Heisel, Mikael Hult, E. Shevchik, V. V. Kuzminov, N. Rumyantseva, Matteo Agostini, Christian Bauer, A. Kirsch, A. Wegmann, Manfred Lindner, S. Hemmer, Igor Nemchenok, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Lubashevskiy, E. Doroshkevich, Bela Majorovits, W. Maneschg, A. Lazzaro, A. di Vacri, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Werner Hofmann, A. Domula, E. A. Yanovich, C. Macolino, M. Walter, B. Schneider, O. Selivanenko, R. Kneißl, Ivano Lippi, L. Stanco, V.B. Brudanin, N. Becerici-Schmidt, Hardy Simgen, E. Bellotti, D. Borowicz, M. Stepaniuk, J. Hakemüller, A. V. Veresnikova, J. Janicskó Csáthy, A. Chernogorov, I. Zhitnikov, F. Salamida, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, A. Garfagnini, Matthias Laubenstein, V. Wagner, A. A. Vasenko, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GERDA, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, radiopurity, Isotopes of germanium, germanium: double-beta decay, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, double beta decay, Germanium, Radiopurity, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Uranium and thorium, germanium detectors, Nuclear physics, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, thorium: admixture, germanium: detector, Nuclide, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), uranium and thorium bulk content, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, background: radioactivity, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, uranium: admixture, Thorium, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Uranium, Germanium detectors, Uranium and thorium bulk content, chemistry, radioactivity, bulk content, DOUBLE-BETA DECAY, Decay chain, GERDA
Abstract

Internal contaminations of $^{238}$U, $^{235}$U and $^{232}$Th in the bulk of high purity germanium detectors are potential backgrounds for experiments searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge. The data from GERDA Phase~I have been analyzed for alpha events from the decay chain of these contaminations by looking for full decay chains and for time correlations between successive decays in the same detector. No candidate events for a full chain have been found. Upper limits on the activities in the range of a few nBq/kg for $^{226}$Ra, $^{227}$Ac and $^{228}$Th, the long-lived daughter nuclides of $^{238}$U, $^{235}$U and $^{232}$Th, respectively, have been derived. With these upper limits a background index in the energy region of interest from $^{226}$Ra and $^{228}$Th contamination is estimated which satisfies the prerequisites of a future ton scale germanium double beta decay experiment., Comment: 2 figures, 7 pages

Published
2017

28. First results of GERDA Phase II and consistency with background models

Author

R. Falkenstein, D. Palioselitis, Jochen Schreiner, O. Schulz, I. V. Kirpichnikov, M. Miloradovic, E. V. Demidova, O.I. Kochetov, D. Borowicz, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, R. Mingazheva, N. Frodyma, V. I. Gurentsov, Alberto Pullia, V. G. Egorov, A. Garfagnini, M. Balata, B. Schwingenheuer, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, R. Kneißl, E. Shevzik, J. Hakenmüller, M. Salathe, Matteo Agostini, V. I. Lebedev, L. Vanhoefer, K. Pelczar, K. N. Gusev, Th. Kihm, Matthias Laubenstein, A. M. Bakalyarov, Marcin Wójcik, E. Doroshkevich, L. V. Inzhechik, P. Grabmayr, Alessandro Bettini, A. Kirsch, Guillaume Lutter, T. Wester, P. Moseev, S. Hemmer, V. D'Andrea, L. B. Bezrukov, Luciano Pandola, J. Jochum, F. Salamida, W. Maneschg, K. T. Knöpfle, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, Christian Bauer, A. A. Klimenko, V.N. Kornoukhov, E. A. Yanovich, A. V. Veresnikova, S. Belogurov, K. Panas, C. Schmitt, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, Manfred Lindner, A. A. Vasenko, Kai Zuber, E. Medinaceli, M. Heisel, M. Allardt, N. Rumyantseva, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, Bela Majorovits, C. Macolino, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Schneider, I. R. Barabanov, E. Bellotti, C. Gooch, A.-K. Schütz, S. V. Zhukov, A. Hegai, S. Schönert, B. Lehnert, D. R. Zinatulina, G. Zuzel, N. Di Marco, J. Janicskó Csáthy, O. Selivanenko, L. Stanco, V.B. Brudanin, Mikael Hult, Hardy Simgen, A. Kish, A. Domula, V. Wagner, I. Zhitnikov, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, M. Junker, Laura Baudis, H. Y. Liao, Werner Hofmann, Allen Caldwell, K. von Sturm, Ivano Lippi, V. Kazalov, Stefano Riboldi, M. Misiaszek, C. Wiesinger, M. Shirchenko, and T. Bode

Subjects
Physics, History, Background spectrum, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Consistency (statistics), Phase (waves), Liquid argon, DECAY, Computer Science Applications, Education
Published
2017

29. Limit on the radiative neutrinoless double electron capture of $$^{36}$$ 36 Ar from GERDA Phase I

Author

Marc Walter, O.I. Kochetov, J. Janicskó Csáthy, D. Palioselitis, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, H. Wilsenach, V. I. Gurentsov, R. Brugnera, C. Wiesinger, M. Stepaniuk, M. Heisel, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, B. Lehnert, I. Zhitnikov, A. Domula, C. Macolino, R. Mingazheva, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, M. Shirchenko, K. Freund, L. V. Inzhechik, L. B. Bezrukov, B. Schwingenheuer, Oliver Schulz, A. V. Veresnikova, M. Balata, E. Doroshkevich, O. Fedorova, A. Chernogorov, E. V. Demidova, V.B. Brudanin, A. Lazzaro, Alberto Pullia, Hardy Simgen, I. V. Kirpichnikov, E. Medinaceli, I. R. Barabanov, N. Frodyma, A. Garfagnini, M. Miloradovic, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, S. V. Zhukov, Alessandro Bettini, V. Egorov, S. Belogurov, A.-K. Schütz, V. I. Lebedev, J. Schreiner, A. Hegai, G. Heusser, A. Kirsch, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, N. Barros, M. Salathe, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, K. T. Knöpfle, Cinzia Sada, Manfred Lindner, P. Moseev, S. Hemmer, Luciano Pandola, R. Kneißl, Matthias Laubenstein, Giovanni Benato, A. A. Klimenko, N. Rumyantseva, V. Wagner, A. Wegmann, O. Selivanenko, C. Gooch, Igor Nemchenok, A. A. Vasenko, K. N. Gusev, B. Schneider, Bela Majorovits, Thomas Kihm, Josef Jochum, V. V. Kazalov, D. R. Zinatulina, G. Zuzel, Ivano Lippi, V. D'Andrea, A. Kish, Mikael Hult, J. Hakenmüller, Stefano Riboldi, K. Panas, M. Misiaszek, M. Allardt, E. Bellotti, A. di Vacri, Werner Hofmann, Allen Caldwell, Luca Stanco, F. Salamida, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, D. Borowicz, Christian Bauer, A. Lubashevskiy, Stefan Schönert, M. Junker, Laura Baudis, V. N. Kornoukhov, H. Y. Liao, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, R. Falkenstein, and C. Schmitt

Subjects
Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron capture, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Physics::Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Lepton number, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, MAJORANA, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Neutrinoless double electron capture is a process that, if detected, would give evidence of lepton number violation and the Majorana nature of neutrinos. A search for neutrinoless double electron capture of $^{36}$Ar has been performed with germanium detectors installed in liquid argon using data from Phase I of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso Laboratory of INFN, Italy. No signal was observed and an experimental lower limit on the half-life of the radiative neutrinoless double electron capture of $^{36}$Ar was established: $T_{1/2} > $ 3.6 $\times$ 10$^{21}$ yr at 90 % C.I.

Published
2016

30. Muon multiplicities measured using an underground cosmic-ray array

Author

Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Virkajarvi, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, L. B. Bezrukov, Maciej Slupecki, H. O. U. Fynbo, Pasi Kuusiniemi, Jari Joutsenvaara, Kai Loo, Timo Enqvist, V. B. Petkov, Fornengo, Nicolao, Regis, Marco, Zechlin, Hannes-S., Fornengo, N, Regis, M, and Zechlin, HS

Subjects
History, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, muons, cosmic-rays, Cosmic ray, EXTENSIVE AIR-SHOWERS, 01 natural sciences, Education, underground detectors, Nuclear physics, EVENTS, Data acquisition, 0103 physical sciences, Detector array, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, DETECTOR, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Multiplicity (mathematics), LEP, Computer Science Applications, Density distribution, KASCADE-GRANDE, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Event (particle physics), EMMA (Experiment with Multi-Muon Array)
Abstract

EMMA (Experiment with Multi-Muon Array) is an underground detector array designed for cosmic-ray composition studies around the knee energy (or similar to 1 - 10 PeV). It operates at the shallow depth in the Pyhasalmi mine, Finland. The array consists of eleven independent detector stations similar to 15 m(2) each. Currently seven stations are connected to the DAQ and the rest will be connected within the next few months. EMMA will determine the multiplicity, the lateral density distribution and the arrival direction of high-energy muons event by event. The preliminary estimates concerning its performance together with an example of measured muon multiplicities are presented.

Published
2016

31. Underground multi-muon experiment EMMA

Author

T. S. Räihä, Maciej Slupecki, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, J. Sarkamo, Peter M. Jones, V. Petkov, T. Kalliokoski, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, H. O. U. Fynbo, A. Virkajärvi, Kai Loo, L. V. Inzhechik, Timo Enqvist, Jari Joutsenvaara, J. Karjalainen, Pasi Kuusiniemi, Tiia Monto, and L. B. Bezrukov

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Density distribution, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

EMMA is a new experiment designed for cosmic- ray composition studies around the knee energy operating at the shallow depth underground in the Pyh¨ asalmi mine, Fin- land. The array has sufficient coverage and resolution to de- termine the multiplicity, the lateral density distribution and the arrival direction of high-energy muons on an event by event basis. Preliminary results on the muon multiplicity ex- tracted using one detector station of the array are presented.

Published
2011

32. New Data Release of GERDA Phase II: Search for 0νββ Decay of 76Ge

Author

Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, M Agostini, Mikael Hult, I V Kirpichnikov, O. Schulz, A Garfagnini, Allen Caldwell, Manfred Lindner, S. Hemmer, Y. Kermaïdic, A Chernogorov, A. Lubashevskiy, P Moseev, Ivano Lippi, C. Gooch, R. Mingazheva, Th. Kihm, E. Shevchik, R. Kneißl, V. Egorov, O Selivanenko, R Falkenstein, L Bezrukov, A Lazzaro, V.B. Brudanin, C Sada, M Balata, O.I. Kochetov, A. M. Gangapshev, A A Vasenko, C. Bauer, A.-K. Schütz, Hardy Simgen, Luciano Pandola, A. Hegai, B Schneider, S Belogurov, B. Schwingenheuer, E V Demidova, S Riboldi, M Junker, Luca Stanco, N. Di Marco, V V Kuzminov, J. Janicsko Csathy, N Rumyantseva, A. A. Klimenko, A Pullia, A Kish, M. Heisel, V N Kornoukhov, A Domula, M. Misiaszek, E Doroshkevich, A Bettini, Matthias Laubenstein, V Kazalov, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Shirchenko, B Lubsandorzhiev, J. Hakenmüller, R. Hiller, K. Panas, L. Vanhoefer, A. Kirsch, C Schmitt, Jochen Schreiner, T. Bode, W. Maneschg, P. Grabmayr, C. Ransom, K. N. Gusev, R Brugnera, K. T. Knöpfle, L V Inzhechik, S. Schönert, Laura Baudis, I Barabanov, J. Jochum, M. Miloradovic, E Bellotti, Werner Hofmann, V D’Andrea, C Macolino, F Salamida, V Gurentsov, A.A. Smolnikov, and C. Cattadori

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Isotope, Double beta decay, Detector, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Cryogenics, Data release, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay ( 0νββ ) of the isotope 76 Ge. High-purity germanium crystals enriched in 76 Ge, simultaneously used as source and detector, are directly deployed into ultra-pure, cryogenic liquid argon, which acts both as cooling medium and shield against the external radiation. The second phase of the experiment is taking data since end of 2015 with 20 additional kg of custom-made BEGe-type Germanium detectors and an active LAr veto. In this paper we will summarize the results of the last data release of June 2017. No evidence for a possible signal is found: the lower limit for the half-life of 76 Ge is 8.0·1025 yr at 90% CL. The very low residual background found at the Q -value of the decay, about 10-3 cts/(keV · kg · yr), makes Gerda the first experiment in the field to be background-free for the complete design exposure of 100 kg · yr.

Published
2018

33. GERDA results and the future perspectives for the neutrinoless double beta decay search using 76Ge

Author

A. Domula, Allen Caldwell, K. von Sturm, J. Janicskó Csáthy, C. Macolino, A. V. Veresnikova, V.B. Brudanin, Hardy Simgen, A. Chernogorov, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Christian Bauer, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, I. R. Barabanov, I. Zhitnikov, E. Doroshkevich, A. Lubashevskiy, A. A. Klimenko, N. Rumyantseva, Guillaume Lutter, R. Mingazheva, A. M. Bakalyarov, A. Garfagnini, I. V. Kirpichnikov, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, O.I. Kochetov, S. Hemmer, Matthias Laubenstein, R. Hiller, A. M. Gangapshev, J. Schreiner, Stefano Riboldi, M. Balata, V. Wagner, Alessandro Bettini, E. V. Demidova, B. Schneider, E. Shevchik, R. Kneißl, M. Misiaszek, A. A. Vasenko, V. Egorov, V. I. Gurentsov, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, M. Heisel, A. Kirsch, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, Y. Kermaïdic, S. Belogurov, V. D'Andrea, M. Miloradovic, L. Pertoldi, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Ivano Lippi, A. Wegmann, L. V. Inzhechik, Igor Nemchenok, V. V. Kazalov, C. Wiesinger, M. Shirchenko, Bela Majorovits, Mikael Hult, K. N. Gusev, M. Giordano, Cinzia Sada, A. Lazzaro, D. Borowicz, R. Brugnera, Stefan Schönert, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, Laura Baudis, A.-K. Schütz, A. Zschocke, N. Di Marco, J. Jochum, Manfred Lindner, J. Biernat, O. Selivanenko, B. Schwingenheuer, E. Bellotti, C. Ransom, L. B. Bezrukov, Werner Hofmann, S. V. Zhukov, Thomas Kihm, M. Junker, K. T. Knöpfle, T. Comellato, G. Zuzel, J. Hakenmüller, K. Panas, Luca Stanco, F. Salamida, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Anna Julia Zsigmond, Kai Zuber, and D. Zinatulina

Subjects
Semileptonic decay, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, MAJORONS, Majorana mass, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrinoless double beta decay, lepton number violation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Diode, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Beta decay, Semiconductor detector, chemistry, Liquid argon, and Optics
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) is a low background experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN designed to search for the rare neutrinoless double beta decay ([Formula: see text]) of [Formula: see text]Ge. In the first phase (Phase I) of the experiment, high purity germanium diodes were operated in a “bare” mode and immersed in liquid argon. The overall background level of [Formula: see text] was a factor of ten better than those of its predecessors. No signal was found and a lower limit was set on the half-life for the [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), while the corresponding median sensitivity was [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). A second phase (Phase II) started at the end of 2015 after a major upgrade. Thanks to the increased detector mass and performance of the enriched germanium diodes and due to the introduction of liquid argon instrumentation techniques, it was possible to reduce the background down to [Formula: see text]. After analyzing 23.2 kg[Formula: see text]⋅[Formula: see text]yr of these new data no signal was seen. Combining these with the data from Phase I a stronger half-life limit of the [Formula: see text]Ge [Formula: see text] decay was obtained: [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL), reaching a sensitivity of [Formula: see text] yr (90% CL). Phase II will continue for the collection of an exposure of 100 kg[Formula: see text]yr. If no signal is found by then the GERDA sensitivity will have reached [Formula: see text] yr for setting a 90% CL. limit. After the end of GERDA Phase II, the flagship experiment for the search of [Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text]Ge will be LEGEND. LEGEND experiment is foreseen to deploy up to 1-ton of [Formula: see text]Ge. After ten years of data taking, it will reach a sensitivity beyond 10[Formula: see text] yr, and hence fully cover the inverted hierarchy region.

Published
2018

34. Calculation of total muon flux observed by Muon Monitor experiment

Author

A. N. Fazliakhmetov, I. Bandac, Alexander Nozik, B. Lubsandarzhiev, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, M. Nelubina, Alberto Bayo, Pasi Kuusiniemi, L. B. Bezrukov, Timo Enqvist, Kai Loo, L. V. Inzhechik, Aldo Ianni, Jari Joutsenvaara, and Maciej Slupecki

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, History, Scintillation, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Muon flux, Detector, Underground laboratory, Flux, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

An approach to calculate the flux of cosmicgenic muons detected by Muon Monitor experiment in lab LAB2400 of the Underground Laboratory in Canfranc (LSC) is described. The measuring apparatus consists of three layers of SC16 scintillation matrix detectors. The hardware function of the detector assembly was determined using computer simulation. Obtained value of the total muon ux turned out to be equal to (4.35 ± 0.2) × 10−3 m −2 s −1.

Published
2017

35. Results on $$\beta \beta $$ β β decay with emission of two neutrinos or Majorons in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge from GERDA Phase I

Author

M. Shirchenko, I. V. Kirpichnikov, C. A. Ur, E. V. Demidova, N. Barros, Oliver Schulz, V. Egorov, E. Doroshkevich, Alberto Pullia, O. Fedorova, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Chernogorov, K. N. Gusev, Alessandro Bettini, Allen Caldwell, J. Janicskó Csáthy, R. Falkenstein, A. Kirsch, A. Garfagnini, Stefano Riboldi, D. Borowicz, N. Frodyma, S. Belogurov, E. Medinaceli, D. R. Zinatulina, M. Misiaszek, A. Domula, M. Balata, O.I. Kochetov, Stefan Schönert, D. Budjáš, C. Macolino, B. Lehnert, A. Wegmann, I. Zhitnikov, Igor Nemchenok, A. Hegai, P. Grabmayr, Cinzia Sada, Thomas Kihm, C. Schmitt, Matthias Laubenstein, Ivano Lippi, P. Zavarise, V.B. Brudanin, Hardy Simgen, Giovanni Benato, I. R. Barabanov, L. Vanhoefer, S. V. Zhukov, L. B. Bezrukov, M. Junker, V. Wagner, K. Panas, M. M. Wojcik, S. T. Belyaev, V. I. Gurentsov, Bela Majorovits, T. Bode, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, K. von Sturm, K. Freund, Luca Stanco, A. A. Vasenko, B. Schwingenheuer, Mikael Hult, A. M. Gangapshev, N. Becerici-Schmidt, M. Heisel, Laura Baudis, H. Wilsenach, S. Hemmer, M. Stepaniuk, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Salathe, Manfred Lindner, H. Y. Liao, Christian Bauer, J. Schreiner, E. Bellotti, K. T. Knöpfle, A. Lubashevskiy, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Matteo Agostini, J. Jochum, P. Moseev, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, T. Wester, N. Rumyantseva, A.A. Smolnikov, G. Zuzel, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, V. V. Kazalov, G. Heusser, Werner Hofmann, V. I. Lebedev, D. Palioselitis, M. Allardt, A. Lazzaro, O. Selivanenko, V. D'Andrea, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, L. V. Inzhechik, A. di Vacri, and Marc Walter

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Phase (waves), Order (ring theory), Beta (velocity), Neutrino, Engineering (miscellaneous), Beta decay, Majoron, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

A search for neutrinoless $\beta\beta$ decay processes accompanied with Majoron emission has been performed using data collected during Phase I of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN (Italy). Processes with spectral indices n = 1, 2, 3, 7 were searched for. No signals were found and lower limits of the order of 10$^{23}$ yr on their half-lives were derived, yielding substantially improved results compared to previous experiments with $^{76}$Ge. A new result for the half-life of the neutrino-accompanied $\beta\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge with significantly reduced uncertainties is also given, resulting in $T^{2\nu}_{1/2} = (1.926 \pm 0.095)\cdot10^{21}$ yr.

Published
2015

36. Production, characterization and operation of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge enriched BEGe detectors in GERDA

Author

Laura Baudis, Matthias Laubenstein, W. Hampel, E. V. Demidova, E. Bellotti, P. Zavarise, H. Y. Liao, V. Wagner, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, G. Pessina, A. A. Vasenko, J. Jochum, Thomas Kihm, K. N. Gusev, C. Gotti, Oliver Schulz, Stefan Schönert, Alberto Pullia, D. Budjáš, V. I. Lebedev, A. Garfagnini, K. Freund, C. Macolino, H. Strecker, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, D. Palioselitis, N. Becerici-Schmidt, J. Janicskó Csáthy, B. Schwingenheuer, T. Wester, S. Belogurov, A.A. Smolnikov, E. Andreotti, B. Lehnert, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, H. Wilsenach, I. Zhitnikov, Alessandro Bettini, R. Brugnera, A. Kirsch, L. V. Inzhechik, A. Wegmann, Ivano Lippi, D. Borowicz, Igor Nemchenok, Luca Stanco, Manfred Lindner, Marc Walter, V. V. Kuzminov, Bela Majorovits, I. R. Barabanov, C. Schmitt, Matteo Agostini, Stefano Riboldi, S. V. Zhukov, K. T. Knöpfle, M. Salathe, M. Misiaszek, M. Shirchenko, G. Zuzel, M. Balata, C. O'Shaughnessy, L. Vanhoefer, T. Bode, Luciano Pandola, V. V. Kazalov, Christian Bauer, A. A. Klimenko, A. Lubashevskiy, N. Rumyantseva, A. Hegai, M. Allardt, N. Barros, V. Egorov, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Chernogorov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Mikael Hult, C. A. Ur, S. Hemmer, O.I. Kochetov, S. T. Belyaev, J. Schreiner, A. M. Gangapshev, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, M. Junker, V. D'Andrea, A. Lazzaro, G. Heusser, A. Domula, R. Falkenstein, Werner Hofmann, V. I. Gurentsov, V.B. Brudanin, L. Ioannucci, Hardy Simgen, M. Heisel, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, K. von Sturm, A. Caldwel, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, W. Maneschg, N. Frodyma, E. A. Yanovich, and Stefano Nisi

Subjects
Physics, Cryostat, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Germanium, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (signal processing), Diode
Abstract

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) at the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory (LNGS) searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0{\nu}{\beta}{\beta}) of $^{76}$Ge. Germanium detectors made of material with an enriched $^{76}$Ge fraction act simultaneously as sources and detectors for this decay. During Phase I of the experiment mainly refurbished semi-coaxial Ge detectors from former experiments were used. For the upcoming Phase II, 30 new $^{76}$Ge enriched detectors of broad energy germanium (BEGe)-type were produced. A subgroup of these detectors has already been deployed in GERDA during Phase I. The present paper reviews the complete production chain of these BEGe detectors including isotopic enrichment, purification, crystal growth and diode production. The efforts in optimizing the mass yield and in minimizing the exposure of the $^{76}$Ge enriched germanium to cosmic radiation during processing are described. Furthermore, characterization measurements in vacuum cryostats of the first subgroup of seven BEGe detectors and their long-term behavior in liquid argon are discussed. The detector performance fulfills the requirements needed for the physics goals of GERDA Phase~II.

Published
2015

37. Improvement of the energy resolution via an optimized digital signal processing in GERDA Phase I

Author

M. Shirchenko, D. Palioselitis, Laura Baudis, I. V. Kirpichnikov, J. Janicskó Csáthy, I. Zhitnikov, Oliver Schulz, H. Y. Liao, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, N. Barros, Alberto Pullia, J. Jochum, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, A. Garfagnini, L. V. Inzhechik, A.-K. Schütz, A. Hegai, C. Macolino, V. I. Gurentsov, Manfred Lindner, V. V. Kazalov, Allen Caldwell, A. V. Veresnikova, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, Marc Walter, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, V. I. Lebedev, M. Heisel, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Chernogorov, T. Wester, B. Lehnert, O. Fedorova, A.A. Smolnikov, Bela Majorovits, K. von Sturm, C. Cattadori, Matthias Laubenstein, P. Zavarise, Kai Zuber, M. Balata, N. Frodyma, R. Brugnera, O. Selivanenko, D. Budjáš, V. Egorov, V. Wagner, K. N. Gusev, E. V. Demidova, L. Vanhoefer, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, T. Bode, Ivano Lippi, A. di Vacri, O.I. Kochetov, Werner Hofmann, E. Bellotti, M. Allardt, A. A. Vasenko, E. Doroshkevich, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Medinaceli, Stefan Schönert, Christian Bauer, S. T. Belyaev, K. Freund, A. Lubashevskiy, A. M. Gangapshev, S. Belogurov, M. Salathe, B. Schwingenheuer, R. Falkenstein, Cinzia Sada, C. Schmitt, Giovanni Benato, Stefano Riboldi, Thomas Kihm, D. R. Zinatulina, C. A. Ur, A. Domula, P. Moseev, G. Heusser, Luciano Pandola, M. Misiaszek, A. A. Klimenko, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, N. Rumyantseva, Alessandro Bettini, V.B. Brudanin, A. Kirsch, Hardy Simgen, Mikael Hult, S. Hemmer, J. Schreiner, B. Schneider, I. R. Barabanov, S. V. Zhukov, N. Becerici-Schmidt, H. Wilsenach, M. Stepaniuk, K. Panas, D. Borowicz, Luca Stanco, K. T. Knöpfle, G. Zuzel, V. D'Andrea, A. Lazzaro, and M. Junker

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Isotopes of germanium, Q value, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, GERMANIUM DETECTORS, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), Particle detector, GERDA - Abteilung Hofmann, Nuclear physics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Double beta decay, 0103 physical sciences, CHARGE MEASUREMENTS, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, SILICON, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), MINIMUM-NOISE, GENIUS, GE-76, DECAY, PROJECT, Radioactive decay, Energy (signal processing), OPTIMUM FILTERS
Abstract

An optimized digital shaping filter has been developed for the GERDA experiment which searches for neutrinoless double beta decay in 76Ge. The GERDA Phase I energy calibration data have been reprocessed and an average improvement of 0.3 keV in energy resolution (FWHM) at the 76Ge Q value for 0\nu\beta\beta decay is obtained. This is possible thanks to the enhanced low-frequency noise rejection of this Zero Area Cusp (ZAC) signal shaping fillter., Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures

Published
2015

38. Limit on Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of 76Ge by GERDA

Author

A. Kirsch, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, Stefano Nisi, P. Zavarise, Josef Jochum, A. Domula, V. Wagner, J. Janicskó Csáthy, M. Salathe, Manfred Lindner, A. A. Vasenko, V. I. Gurentsov, I. Zhitnikov, L. Stanco, B. Lehnert, V.B. Brudanin, O. Volynets, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, M. Barabè Heider, D. R. Zinatulina, Ivano Lippi, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Hegai, O.I. Kochetov, A. Wegmann, A. Lubashevskiy, Igor Nemchenok, A. Garfagnini, Claudio Gotti, S. T. Belyaev, C. Bauer, C. Macolino, A. Chernogorov, Allen Caldwell, Bela Majorovits, L. V. Inzhechik, A. M. Gangapshev, Stefano Riboldi, C.O’. Shaughnessy, P. Grabmayr, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, K. Freund, M. Misiaszek, V. I. Lebedev, W. Hampel, E. V. Demidova, K. K. Guthikonda, V. G. Egorov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, B. Schwingenheuer, Mikael Hult, M. Shirchenko, M. Allardt, K. von Sturm, M. Balata, H. Strecker, C. A. Ur, G. Heusser, Alessandro Bettini, K. N. Gusev, S. Belogurov, N. Frodyma, N. Barros, E. Andreotti, T. Bode, A. Lazzaro, Werner Hofmann, K. T. Knöpfle, G. Zuzel, O. Schulz, S. Schönert, S. Hemmer, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, Laura Baudis, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, H. Y. Liao, G. Pessina, M. M. Wojcik, A. A. Machado, F. Cossavella, D. Budjáš, E. Bellotti, M. Tarka, R. Falkenstein, Thomas Kihm, Jochen Schreiner, C. Schmitt, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, I. R. Barabanov, M. Walter, S. V. Zhukov, M. Laubenstein, Luciano Pandola, N. Becerici-Schmidt, A. A. Klimenko, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, A. Pullia, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, and M. Junker

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Isotope, Double beta decay, SEARCH, double beta decay, Limit (mathematics), Physics and Astronomy(all), 0-NU-BETA-BETA DECAY, Semiconductor detector
Abstract

The Gerda experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy uses germanium detectors made from material with an enriched 76Ge isotope fraction to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of this nucleus. Applying a blind analysis we find no signal after an exposure of 21.6 kg·yr and a background of about 0.01 cts/(keV·kg·yr). A half-life limit of Tov1/2> 2.1 · 1025 yr (90% C.L.) is extracted. The previous claim of a signal for 76Ge is excluded with 99% probability in a model independent way.

Published
2015

39. Status of the Germanium Detector Array (GERDA) in the search of neutrinoless ββ decays of 76Ge at LNGS

Author

K. N. Gusev, S. Katulina, K. T. Knöpfle, P. Peiffer, V. N. Kornoukhov, A. V. Tikhomirov, I. Abt, V. G. Egorov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, Gerd Marissens, F. Stelzer, A. M. Bakalyarov, O.I. Kochetov, O. Chkvorets, M. Altmann, W. Hampel, E. V. Demidova, M. Junker, Josef Jochum, F. Zocca, D. Weißhaar, V. I. Lebedev, E. Farnea, Jochen Schreiner, V. I. Gurentsov, I. R. Barabanov, S. Scholl, M. M. Wojcik, G. Heusser, S. V. Zhukov, Kevin Kröninger, M. Bauer, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, X. Liu, S. Belogurov, A.A. Smolnikov, G. Zuzel, E. Bellotti, C. Cattadori, C. R. Alvarez, V. P. Bolotsky, J. Kiko, L. B. Bezrukov, A. di Vacri, L. V. Inzhechik, Werner Hofmann, G. Y. Grigoriev, J. Yurkowski, J. Eberth, Igor Nemchenok, Allen Caldwell, V. B. Brudanin, Luciano Pandola, Bela Majorovits, Mikael Hult, M. Knapp, U. Schwan, A. A. Klimenko, S. Schönert, C. Bauer, E. A. Yanovich, M. Heisel, V. G. Sandukovsky, S. I. Vasiliev, B. Schwingenheuer, C. Tomei, J. Gasparro, M. Laubenstein, C. A. Ur, M. V. Chirchenko, A. Pullia, Hardy Simgen, V. V. Kuzminov, P. Grabmayr, A. A. Vasenko, and Alessandro Bettini

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, chemistry, Double beta decay, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Radioactive decay, Semiconductor detector, Diode
Abstract

The Germanium Detector Array (GERDA) in the search for neutrinoless ββ decays of 76Ge at LNGS will operate bare germanium diodes enriched in 76Ge in an (optional active) cryogenic fluid shield to investigate neutrinoless ββ decay with a sensitivity of T 1/2 > 2 × 1026 yr after an exposure of 100 kg yr. Recent progress includes the installation of the first underground infrastructures at Gran Sasso, the completion of the enrichment of 37.5 kg of germanium material for detector construction, prototyping of low-mass detector support and contacts, and front-end and DAQ electronics, as well as the preparation for construction of the cryogenic vessel and water tank.

Published
2006

40. First results from GERDA Phase II

Author

Manfred Lindner, V. I. Gurentsov, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, E. Bellotti, V. V. Kazalov, D. Borowicz, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, O. Selivanenko, E. Doroshkevich, J. Hakenmüller, Christian Bauer, C. Macolino, J. Janicskó Csáthy, A. Lubashevskiy, L. B. Bezrukov, E. Shevchik, K. T. Knöpfle, R. Mingazheva, R. Brugnera, V. V. Kuzminov, Marcin Wójcik, Matteo Agostini, P. Grabmayr, Werner Hofmann, J. Jochum, L. Stanco, B. Schwingenheuer, Allen Caldwell, O.I. Kochetov, V. Wagner, I. Zhitnikov, A. Wegmann, Alessandro Bettini, B. Lehnert, Igor Nemchenok, A. Kirsch, V.B. Brudanin, G. Zuzel, D. Palioselitis, V. N. Kornoukhov, M. Allardt, Stefano Riboldi, W. Maneschg, Hardy Simgen, E. A. Yanovich, S. T. Belyaev, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, C. Schmitt, E. Medinaceli, K. Pelczar, K. Panas, A. M. Gangapshev, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, Bela Majorovits, L. V. Inzhechik, P. Moseev, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, L. Vanhoefer, Luciano Pandola, M. Misiaszek, A. A. Klimenko, C. Wiesinger, K. von Sturm, Thomas Kihm, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, M. Shirchenko, Laura Baudis, A. Kish, E. V. Demidova, I. R. Barabanov, A. Domula, F. Salamida, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, A.-K. Schütz, R. Falkenstein, A. Hegai, M. Junker, V. D'Andrea, Jochen Schreiner, N. Di Marco, T. Bode, S. Belogurov, V. I. Lebedev, M. Salathe, Ivano Lippi, D. R. Zinatulina, H. Y. Liao, A. V. Veresnikova, Mikael Hult, A. Chernogorov, S. Hemmer, I. V. Kirpichnikov, M. Miloradovic, B. Schneider, R. Kneißl, K. N. Gusev, Stefan Schönert, Matthias Laubenstein, A. A. Vasenko, N. Frodyma, Oliver Schulz, Alberto Pullia, and A. Garfagnini

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Semileptonic decay, History, Phase (matter), Nuclear Matrix, Beta Decay, Bolometers, Beta Decay, Bolometers, Nuclear Matrix, Computer Science Applications, Education
Published
2017

41. Active background suppression with the liquid argon scintillation veto of GERDA Phase II

Author

O.I. Kochetov, Oliver Schulz, L. B. Bezrukov, M. Salathe, K. Panas, A. M. Bakalyarov, E. V. Demidova, A. Chernogorov, A. Wegmann, Alberto Pullia, Igor Nemchenok, Christian Bauer, Bela Majorovits, K. Pelczar, S. T. Belyaev, A. Kish, A. Lubashevskiy, D. Palioselitis, D. R. Zinatulina, A. Domula, A. M. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, I. R. Barabanov, Guillaume Lutter, C. Gooch, S. V. Zhukov, I. V. Kirpichnikov, B. Lehnert, A.-K. Schütz, Th. Kihm, A. Hegai, Mikael Hult, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, C. Schmitt, N. Di Marco, M. Allardt, C. Cattadori, L. Stanco, J. Janicskó Csáthy, P. Moseev, L. V. Inzhechik, Luciano Pandola, Ivano Lippi, S. Hemmer, M. Miloradovic, K. N. Gusev, L. Vanhoefer, A. A. Klimenko, V.B. Brudanin, V.N. Kornoukhov, M. Heisel, C. Macolino, Hardy Simgen, R. Falkenstein, Jochen Schreiner, C. Wiesinger, K. T. Knöpfle, N. Rumyantseva, S. Belogurov, R. Brugnera, Manfred Lindner, M. Shirchenko, Matthias Laubenstein, E. Bellotti, E. Doroshkevich, V. V. Kuzminov, B. Schneider, Stefan Schönert, N. Frodyma, M. Junker, Matteo Agostini, V. Wagner, I. Zhitnikov, Laura Baudis, A. V. Veresnikova, O. Selivanenko, Alessandro Bettini, V. I. Lebedev, R. Mingazheva, Cinzia Sada, Marcin Wójcik, P. Grabmayr, B. Schwingenheuer, E. Medinaceli, T. Bode, J. Jochum, H. Y. Liao, Giovanni Benato, V. Kazalov, Stefano Riboldi, M. Misiaszek, V. I. Gurentsov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, E. Shevzik, R. Kneißl, A. Kirsch, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, V. D'Andrea, A. A. Vasenko, Allen Caldwell, K. von Sturm, Werner Hofmann, D. Borowicz, J. Hakenmüller, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, Kai Zuber, G. Zuzel, and F. Salamida

Subjects
Physics, History, Scintillation, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Veto, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Computer Science Applications, Education, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Impurity, Phase (matter), 0103 physical sciences, Scintillation counter, DETECTORS, 010306 general physics
Published
2017

42. Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope upgrade and DAQ of additional layers

Author

M. G. Kostyuk, G. V. Volchenko, M. M. Boliev, M. M. Kochkarov, P. S. Striganov, V. I. Volchenko, A. F. Yanin, Yu. F. Novoseltsev, I. M. Dzaparova, V. B. Petkov, R. V. Novoseltseva, L. V. Inzhechik, A. N. Kurenya, and Zh. Sh. Guliev

Subjects
Physics, Scintillation, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Telescope, Nuclear physics, Upgrade, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Image resolution, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

The project of the Baksan Underground Scintil- lation Telescope (BUST) upgrade is presented. Additional outer layers of the detectors with fine spatial resolution will be mounted around BUST. Optimal dimensions of a counter, 0.125m◊ 0.125m◊ 0.03m were chosen with a simulation program. The functional diagram of BUSTs DAQ additional layers is presented. Modernization allows us to study the knee region using muon number spectrum measurements. BUST located underground at a depth of 850 m of wa- ter equivalent was designed to solve a number of physical problems which predetermined its construction and location (Alekseev et al., 1998). The telescope is a four-store building with dimensions of 16.7m◊ 16.7m◊ 11.1m and consists of four horizontal and four vertical planes. The total number of detectors is 3180. The analysis of the muon groups registered by BUST gives us an opportunity to obtain information about spectrum and composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range of 1013 1016 eV (Petkov et al., 2008). The coordinates of fired detectors give the initial information for identification parameters of muon groups (arrival direction and number of muon tracks). In general, the number of muons cross- ing the telescope, n, and the number of the reconstructed muon tracks in a selected event, ntr, should not necessar- ily coincide with each other. When two or more muons are crossing BUST close enough to each other (comparable with the size of the detector), the number of reconstructed muon tracks will be less than the number of muons crossing BUST. Construction of additional external scintillation layers pro

Published
2011

43. Electrooptical separation of Ca isotopes for nuclear-physics experiments

Author

Sh. Sh. Nabiev, L. V. Inzhechik, L. P. Sukhanov, and Yu. V. Gaponov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Elementary particle, Quantum number, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Isotope separation, law.invention, Isotopes of calcium, Nuclear physics, Dipole, law, Moment (physics), Molecule, Physics::Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The needs of experimental nuclear physics for the 48Ca isotope for solving some fundamental problems are analyzed and justified. A new method is proposed for the separation of calcium isotopes. This method is based on the threshold dependence of the dipole moment of the CaF2 molecule on the vibrational quantum number of large-amplitude motions. The conditions necessary for implementing the electrooptical method of isotope separation are formulated on the basis of examining a number of molecular systems.

Published
2001

44. Background and muon counting rates in underground muon measurements with a plastic scintillator counter based on a wavelength shifting fibre and a multi-pixel avalanche photodiode readout

Author

T. S. Räihä, Pasi Kuusiniemi, Roman V. Poleshuk, Oleg Mineev, M. M. Khabibullin, Lauri Olanterä, A. Izmaylov, Zhamal Sh. Guliev, L. V. Inzhechik, B. A. M. Shaibonov, I. M. Dzaparova, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Timo Enqvist, Evgeniy V. Akhrameev, H. O. U. Fynbo, J. Sarkamo, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, Galina V. Volchenko, Irakliy Sh. Davitashvili, Jari Joutsenvaara, N. Yershov, L. B. Bezrukov, A. N. Khotjantsev, A. F. Yanin, V. Petkov, Yuri Kudenko, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, V. I. Volchenko, and Alexey T. Shaykhiev

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Pixel, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, QC1-999, radioactivity background, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Avalanche photodiode, plastic scintillator, multi-pixel avalanche photodiode, Wavelength, Optics, muon, Optoelectronics, Geiger mode avalanche photodiode, business, Counting rate, cosmic ray
Abstract

In this short note we present results of background measurements carried out with polystyrene based cast plastic 12.0×12.0×3.0 cm3 size scintillator counter with a wavelength shifting fibre and a multi-pixel Geiger mode avalanche photodiode readout in the Baksan underground laboratory at a depth of 200 metres of water equivalent. The total counting rate of the scintillator counter measured at this depth and at a threshold corresponding to ∼0.37 of a minimum ionizing particle is approximately 1.3 Hz.

Published
2010

45. Pulse shape discrimination for GERDA Phase I data

Author

S. Hemmer, V. Wagner, A. A. Vasenko, N. Becerici-Schmidt, J. Schreiner, V. I. Lebedev, Thomas Kihm, H. Strecker, Manfred Lindner, L. V. Inzhechik, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, Alessandro Bettini, M. Barnabe Heider, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, Allen Caldwell, V. I. Gurentsov, A. Kirsch, M. Heisel, A. A. Machado, D. Budjáš, E. Bellotti, V. Brudanin, Stefan Schönert, K. K. Guthikonda, Xianpeng Liu, Oliver Schulz, K. von Sturm, A. Domula, L. B. Bezrukov, H. Simgen, E. Shevchik, Alberto Pullia, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, Christian Bauer, I. R. Barabanov, K. Freund, A. Garfagnini, M. Junker, L. Ioannucci, Marcin Wójcik, S. V. Zhukov, G. Pessina, P. Grabmayr, V. Egorov, M. Allardt, R. Brugnera, A. Lubashevskiy, Luca Stanco, D. R. Zinatulina, Marc Walter, N. Frodyma, V. V. Kuzminov, J. Janicskó Csáthy, Matteo Agostini, Werner Hofmann, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, Claudio Gotti, M. Balata, C. Macolino, Mikael Hult, T. Bode, A. D. Ferella, B. Schwingenheuer, I. Zhitnikov, G. Heusser, K. T. Knöpfle, A. Hegai, G. Zuzel, O.I. Kochetov, W. Hampel, S. T. Belyaev, A. M. Gangapshev, E. V. Demidova, S. Belogurov, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, M. Salathe, S. Nisi, Luciano Pandola, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. A. Klimenko, N. Rumyantseva, B. Lehnert, O. Volynets, Ivano Lippi, K. N. Gusev, W. Maneschg, E. A. Yanovich, Stefano Riboldi, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, E. Andreotti, M. Misiaszek, M. Shirchenko, Laura Baudis, C. A. Ur, N. Barros, H. Y. Liao, Guillaume Lutter, A. Chernogorov, A. M. Bakalyarov, J. Jochum, F. Cossavella, M. Tarka, R. Falkenstein, C. Schmitt, C.M. O'Shaughnessy, A. Lazzaro, Matthias Laubenstein, P. Zavarise, Agostini, M, Allardt, M, Andreotti, E, Bakalyarov, A, Balata, M, Barabanov, I, Barnabé Heider, M, Barros, N, Baudis, L, Bauer, C, Becerici Schmidt, N, Bellotti, E, Belogurov, S, Belyaev, S, Benato, G, Bettini, A, Bezrukov, L, Bode, T, Brudanin, V, Brugnera, R, Budjáš, D, Caldwell, A, Cattadori, C, Chernogorov, A, Cossavella, F, Demidova, E, Domula, A, Egorov, V, Falkenstein, R, Ferella, A, Freund, K, Frodyma, N, Gangapshev, A, Garfagnini, A, Gotti, C, Grabmayr, P, Gurentsov, V, Gusev, K, Guthikonda, K, Hampel, W, Hegai, A, Heisel, M, Hemmer, S, Heusser, G, Hofmann, W, Hult, M, Inzhechik, L, Ioannucci, L, Janicskó Csáthy, J, Jochum, J, Junker, M, Kihm, T, Kirpichnikov, I, Kirsch, A, Klimenko, A, Knöpfle, K, Kochetov, O, Kornoukhov, V, Kuzminov, V, Laubenstein, M, Lazzaro, A, Lebedev, V, Lehnert, B, Liao, H, Lindner, M, Lippi, I, Liu, X, Lubashevskiy, A, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lutter, G, Macolino, C, Machado, A, Majorovits, B, Maneschg, W, Misiaszek, M, Nemchenok, I, Nisi, S, O'Shaughnessy, C, Pandola, L, Pelczar, K, Pessina, G, Pullia, A, Riboldi, S, Rumyantseva, N, Sada, C, Salathe, M, Schmitt, C, Schreiner, J, Schulz, O, Schwingenheuer, B, Schönert, S, Shevchik, E, Shirchenko, M, Simgen, H, Smolnikov, A, Stanco, L, Strecker, H, Tarka, M, Ur, C, Vasenko, A, Volynets, O, von Sturm, K, Wagner, V, Walter, M, Wegmann, A, Wester, T, Wojcik, M, Yanovich, E, Zavarise, P, Zhitnikov, I, Zhukov, S, Zinatulina, D, Zuber, K, and Zuzel, G

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Detector, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Germanium, Compton edge, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Type (model theory), Shape parameter, chemistry, Beta (velocity), Sensitivity (control systems), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The GERDA experiment located at the LNGS searches for neutrinoless double beta (0\nu\beta\beta) decay of ^{76}Ge using germanium diodes as source and detector. In Phase I of the experiment eight semi-coaxial and five BEGe type detectors have been deployed. The latter type is used in this field of research for the first time. All detectors are made from material with enriched ^{76}Ge fraction. The experimental sensitivity can be improved by analyzing the pulse shape of the detector signals with the aim to reject background events. This paper documents the algorithms developed before the data of Phase I were unblinded. The double escape peak (DEP) and Compton edge events of 2.615 MeV \gamma\ rays from ^{208}Tl decays as well as 2\nu\beta\beta\ decays of ^{76}Ge are used as proxies for 0\nu\beta\beta\ decay. For BEGe detectors the chosen selection is based on a single pulse shape parameter. It accepts 0.92$\pm$0.02 of signal-like events while about 80% of the background events at Q_{\beta\beta}=2039 keV are rejected. For semi-coaxial detectors three analyses are developed. The one based on an artificial neural network is used for the search of 0\nu\beta\beta\ decay. It retains 90% of DEP events and rejects about half of the events around Q_{\beta\beta}. The 2\nu\beta\beta\ events have an efficiency of 0.85\pm0.02 and the one for 0\nu\beta\beta\ decays is estimated to be 0.90^{+0.05}_{-0.09}. A second analysis uses a likelihood approach trained on Compton edge events. The third approach uses two pulse shape parameters. The latter two methods confirm the classification of the neural network since about 90% of the data events rejected by the neural network are also removed by both of them. In general, the selection efficiency extracted from DEP events agrees well with those determined from Compton edge events or from 2\nu\beta\beta\ decays., Comment: 18 pages, 27 figures

Published
2013

46. Results on Neutrinoless Double-βDecay ofGe76from Phase I of the GERDA Experiment

Author

Laura Baudis, J. Janicskó Csáthy, S. Hemmer, O.I. Kochetov, H. Y. Liao, I. Zhitnikov, M. Laubenstein, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, C. Gotti, S. T. Belyaev, L. Stanco, A. M. Gangapshev, Hardy Simgen, A. D. Ferella, L. V. Inzhechik, V. G. Egorov, M. Balata, O. Schulz, X. Liu, A. Domula, K. T. Knoepfle, Ivano Lippi, V. I. Gurentsov, P. Zavarise, K. N. Gusev, M. Shirchenko, G. Zuzel, B. Lehnert, V. Wagner, D. R. Zinatulina, P. Grabmayr, O. Volynets, J. Jochum, A. A. Vasenko, N. Barros, T. Bode, A. Lubashevskiy, M. Allardt, V. I. Lebedev, C. O'Shaughnessy, N. Becerici-Schmidt, H. Strecker, C. Bauer, Stefano Riboldi, D. Budjáš, F. Potenza, Mikael Hult, V. B. Brudanin, C. Macolino, A. Garfagnini, S. Belogurov, M. Misiaszek, A. Kirsch, A. A. Machado, Manfred Lindner, T. Wester, A.A. Smolnikov, A. Lazzaro, E. Andreotti, C. Cattadori, Kai Zuber, E. Bellotti, C. Schmitt, N. Frodyma, W. Maneschg, A. Hegai, L. B. Bezrukov, G. Heusser, E. Shevchik, E. A. Yanovich, Stefano Nisi, M. Heider Barnabé, G. Pessina, R. Brugnera, Werner Hofmann, Alessandro Bettini, V. V. Kuzminov, Matteo Agostini, Allen Caldwell, L. Ioannucci, I. R. Barabanov, K. K. Guthikonda, K. von Sturm, S. V. Zhukov, M. Junker, M. M. Wojcik, K. Freund, B. Schwingenheuer, Stefan Schönert, A. Pullia, Cinzia Sada, Giovanni Benato, V. N. Kornoukhov, K. Pelczar, Guillaume Lutter, A. M. Bakalyarov, F. Cossavella, M. Tarka, R. Falkenstein, Jochen Schreiner, I. V. Kirpichnikov, C. A. Ur, A. Chernogorov, W. Hampel, E. V. Demidova, A. Wegmann, Igor Nemchenok, Bela Majorovits, M. Salathe, Th. Kihm, Luciano Pandola, A. A. Klimenko, M. Heisel, N. Rumyantseva, and M. Walter

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Double beta decay, Phase (matter), General Physics and Astronomy, Lepton number, Lower limit, Standard Model
Abstract

Neutrinoless double beta decay is a process that violates lepton number conservation. It is predicted to occur in extensions of the standard model of particle physics. This Letter reports the results from phase I of the Germanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso Laboratory (Italy) searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of the isotope $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$. Data considered in the present analysis have been collected between November 2011 and May 2013 with a total exposure of 21.6 kg yr. A blind analysis is performed. The background index is about $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{counts}/(\mathrm{keV}\text{ }\mathrm{kg}\text{ }\mathrm{yr})$ after pulse shape discrimination. No signal is observed and a lower limit is derived for the half-life of neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$, ${T}_{1/2}^{0\ensuremath{\nu}}g2.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{25}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{yr}$ (90% C.L.). The combination with the results from the previous experiments with $^{76}\mathrm{Ge}$ yields ${T}_{1/2}^{0\ensuremath{\nu}}g3.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{25}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{yr}$ (90% C.L.).

Published
2013

47. Underground cosmic-ray experiment EMMA

Author

M. Slupecki, L. V. Inzhechik, Pasi Kuusiniemi, V. B. Petkov, T. S. Räihä, Kai Loo, J. Sarkamo, A. Virkajarvi, L. B. Bezrukov, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Tiia Monto, Timo Enqvist, H. O. U. Fynbo, T. Kalliokoski, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, and Jari Joutsenvaara

Subjects
Physics, History, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Knee region, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Astrohiukkasfysiikka, Air shower, Data recording, Astroparticle physics
Abstract

EMMA (Experiment with MultiMuon Array) is a new approach to study the composition of cosmic rays at the knee region (1 − 10 PeV). The array will measure the multiplicity and lateral distribution of the high-energy muon component of an air shower and its arrival direction on an event-by-event basis. The array operates in the Pyh¨asalmi Mine, Finland, at a depth of 75 metres (or 210 m.w.e) corresponding to the cut-off energy of approximately 50 GeV for vertical muons. The data recording with a partial array has started and preliminary results of the first test runs are presented. nonPeerReviewed

Published
2013

48. Can EMMA solve the puzzle of the knee?

Author

H. O. U. Fynbo, Jari Joutsenvaara, Kai Loo, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, J. Sarkamo, T. S. Räihä, J. Karjalainen, A. Virkajärvi, Peter M. Jones, T. Kalliokoski, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Timo Enqvist, L. B. Bezrukov, L. V. Inzhechik, V. Petkov, Maciej Slupecki, and Pasi Kuusiniemi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Knee region, Water equivalent, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Overburden, Independent data
Abstract

The knee is a change in the slope of the cosmic ray spectrum at approximate energy of 3 PeV. There are multiple competing models for the knee giving conflicting predictions about this change for different masses of the primary particle. Accurate mass measurements of cosmic rays spectra around 3 PeV would be able to exclude some of these models. Cosmic-ray experiment EMMA uses a new method for studying the composition of cosmic rays at the knee area. It is able to determine the multiplicity, the lateral distribution, and the arrival direction of incoming muons produced early in the shower evolution on an event-by-event basis and deduce from these measurements the mass and the energy of the primary particle. EMMA is situated at the depth of 75 m in the Pyhasalmi mine, Finland. This rock overburden, which corresponds to 210 m of water equivalent, gives EMMA a cut-off energy of 50 GeV for vertical muons. Since the simulations using different air-shower models give similar predictions for the lateral distribution of these high energy muons, we are confident that EMMA should yield a reliable and an air-shower model independent data on the composition of cosmic rays around the knee region.

Published
2011

49. Search for conversion coefficient dependence of 14.4 keV Fe-57 nucleus transition on HFI magnetic field

Author

V. I. Dvoretsky, L. V. Inzhechik, and V. G. Tsinoev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Condensed matter physics, Radiant energy, Curie transition, Radiation, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Magnetic field, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Curie temperature, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Nucleus
Abstract

Measurements of the X- and y- radiation energy spectrum for the temperatures above and bolow the Curie point have shown that the relative peak intensities of the X- and y- radiation do not change more than by 1% at the Curie transition. Hence, the conversion coefficient of the 14.4 keV y- transition of Fe-57 nucleus does not depend on the HFI magnetic field with the same accuracy.

Published
1990

50. Spatial parity violation in Mössbauer transition of Np-237 nucleus

Author

L. V. Inzhechik, V. G. Tsinoev, and A. S. Khlebnicov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Parity (physics), Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Mössbauer spectroscopy, medicine, Matrix element, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Nucleus, Circular polarization
Abstract

The measurements of 59.6 keV γ-radiation circular polarization of Np-237 unpolarized oxcited nuclei gave the value Pc=(−1.23±0.25)·10−3. It characterizes P-parity violation in this transition. The matrix element of the weak NN-interaction =(0.92±0.25)·10−1 eV was obtained from this experimental data.

Published
1990

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