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1. Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC

Author

P. Lutz, K. Sakashita, F. Dulucq, L. Periale, F. Noto, Kai Loo, N. Lira, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, J. Marteau, Y. Karyotakis, D. Mladenov, G. Martin-Chassard, G. Lehmann-Miotto, Marzio Nessi, D. Lorca, J. Bremer, Enrique Calvo, M. Kurokawa, C. Regenfus, Antonio Ereditato, N. Geffroy, F. Duval, K. Fusshoeller, Ionel Lazanu, G. Brunetti, K. Negishi, C. Drancourt, A. Scarpelli, V. Toboaru, A. Tonazzo, F. Pietropaolo, T. Hasegawa, A. Gendotti, F. Vannucci, L. Zambelli, K. Nakayoshi, A. Gallego-Ros, F. Doizon, V. Aushev, T. Patzak, C. Cantini, J. Asaadi, E. Pennacchio, André Rubbia, J. Soto-Oton, I. Gil-Botella, L. Balleyguier, Masatoshi Maki, Denis Stanca, S. Bordoni, T. Viant, S. Horikawa, A. Chiriacescuf, A. Falcone, K. Sendai, S. Murphy, B. Aimard, A. Delbart, D. Caiulo, N. Bourgeois, S. Vilalte, B.M. Cautisanu, G. Maire, D. Stefan, L. Brunetti, I. Kreslo, S. Wu, Marc Weber, K. Cankocak, Mihai Niculescu-Oglinzanu, D. Redondo, J. Sinclair, Filippo Resnati, F. Sergiampietri, M. Parvu, D. Kryn, I. De Bonis, Animesh Chatterjee, B. Radics, B. Bourguille, Paolo Crivelli, C. de la Taille, M. Leyton, S. Bolognesi, P. Gorodetzky, Mario Campanelli, M. Calin, M. Chalifour, L. Aizawa, D. Pugnere, Alexandru Gherghel-Lascu, C. Alt, D. Duchesneau, Masahiro Ikeno, S. Shahsavarani, H. Konari, P. Cotte, J.V. Dawson, Federico Sanchez, Diana Navas-Nicolas, S. Jiménez, Y. Penichot, M. Zito, C. Girerd, L. Urda, A. Remoto, B. Carlus, C. M. Schloesser, Tomohisa Uchida, G. Brown, W. Tromeur, R. Sulej, E. Bechetoille, G. Misitano, Romul Margineanu, Masashi Tanaka, S. Conforti, C. Santos, Sampsa Vihonen, A. Verdugo, A. Saftoiu, H. Pessard, H. Mathez, P. Chiu, T.S. Mosu, R. Hanni, A.M. Blebea-Apostu, V. Galymov, Y. Onishchuk, E. Mazzucato, G. Vasseur, S. Narita, Y. Kuromori, Jukka Maalampi, Martin Auger, S. Di Luise, L. Molina Bueno, D. Autiero, A. Holin, S. Kasai, Nikolaos Charitonidis, M. Karolak, M. Shoji, A. Noury, Alexandru Jipa, G. Balik, P. Kunze, W. Mu, D. Belver, Jong-Sung Yu, C. Palomares, A. Chappuis, Katsuyu Kasami, C. Lastoria, M.C. Gomoiu, Thorsten Lux, Laura Manenti, E. Hamada, S. Emery, Alexandru Balaceanu, C. Cuesta, Oana Ristea, T. Kishishita, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Aimard, B, Aizawa, L, Alt, C, Asaadi, J, Auger, M, Aushev, V, Autiero, D, Balaceanu, A, Balik, G, Balleyguier, L, Bechetoille, E, Belver, D, Blebea-Apostu, A, Bolognesi, S, Bordoni, S, Bourgeois, N, Bourguille, B, Bremer, J, Brown, G, Brunetti, L, Brunetti, G, Caiulo, D, Calin, M, Calvo, E, Campanelli, M, Cankocak, K, Cantini, C, Carlus, B, Cautisanu, B, Chalifour, M, Chappuis, A, Charitonidis, N, Chatterjee, A, Chiriacescuf, A, Chiu, P, Conforti, S, Cotte, P, Crivelli, P, Cuesta, C, Dawson, J, De Bonis, I, De La Taille, C, Delbart, A, Di Luise, S, Doizon, F, Drancourt, C, Duchesneau, D, Dulucq, F, Duval, F, Emery, S, Ereditato, A, Falcone, A, Fusshoeller, K, Gallego-Ros, A, Galymov, V, Geffroy, N, Gendotti, A, Gherghel-Lascu, A, Gil-Botella, I, Girerd, C, Gomoiu, M, Gorodetzky, P, Hamada, E, Hanni, R, Hasegawa, T, Holin, A, Horikawa, S, Ikeno, M, Jiménez, S, Jipa, A, Karolak, M, Karyotakis, Y, Kasai, S, Kasami, K, Kishishita, T, Konari, H, Kreslo, I, Kryn, D, Kunzé, P, Kurokawa, M, Kuromori, Y, Lastoria, C, Lazanu, I, Lehmann-Miotto, G, Leyton, M, Lira, N, Loo, K, Lorca, D, Lutz, P, Lux, T, Maalampi, J, Maire, G, Maki, M, Manenti, L, Margineanu, R, Marteau, J, Martin-Chassard, G, Mathez, H, Mazzucato, E, Misitano, G, Mladenov, D, Molina Bueno, L, Mosu, T, Mu, W, Murphy, S, Nakayoshi, K, Narita, S, Navas-Nicolás, D, Negishi, K, Nessi, M, Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M, Noto, F, Noury, A, Onishchuk, Y, Palomares, C, Parvu, M, Patzak, T, Penichot, Y, Pennacchio, E, Periale, L, Pessard, H, Pietropaolo, F, Pugnere, D, Radics, B, Redondo, D, Regenfus, C, Remoto, A, Resnati, F, Ristea, O, Rubbia, A, Saftoiu, A, Sakashita, K, Sanchez, F, Santos, C, Scarpelli, A, Schloesser, C, Sendai, K, Sergiampietri, F, Shahsavarani, S, Shoji, M, Sinclair, J, Soto-Oton, J, Stanca, D, Stefan, D, Sulej, R, Tanaka, M, Toboaru, V, Tonazzo, A, Tromeur, W, Trzaska, W, Uchida, T, Urda, L, Vannucci, F, Vasseur, G, Verdugo, A, Viant, T, Vihonen, S, Vilalte, S, Weber, M, Wu, S, Yu, J, Zambelli, L, and Zito, M

Subjects
photon: propagation, Photomultiplier, CERN Lab, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, tutkimuslaitteet, Performance of High Energy Physics Detector, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, scintillation counter, Physics, Scintillation, Time projection chamber, photomultiplier, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, Detector, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), time projection chamber: liquid argon, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomulti-pliers, HPDs, others), Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquidscintillators), Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers, HPDs, others), FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, ilmaisimet, Scintillation counter, business, kosminen säteily, performance, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The $3 \times 1 \times 1$ m$^3$ demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties., Comment: 30 pages, 26 figures

Published
2020

2. Measurement of the attenuation length of argon scintillation light in the ArDM LAr TPC

Author

S. Horikawa, Paolo Crivelli, R. Santorelli, W. Mu, T. Viant, S. Wu, A. Gendotti, M. K. Daniel, André Rubbia, Y. Quan, L. Romero, C. Regenfus, G. Natterer, B. Radics, F. Sergiampietri, B. Montes, L. Molina-Bueno, L. Periale, C. Cantini, S. Murphy, K. Nguyen, J. Calvo, and S. Di Luise

Subjects
Physics, Scintillation, Argon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Attenuation length, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Ray, Optics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Scintillation counter, medicine, 010306 general physics, business, Ultraviolet, ArDM
Abstract

We report on a measurement of the attenuation length for the scintillation light in the tonne size liquid argon target of the ArDM dark matter experiment. The data was recorded in the first underground operation of the experiment in single-phase operational mode. The results were achieved by comparing the light yield spectra from 39Ar and 83mKr to a description of the ArDM setup with a model of full light ray tracing. A relatively low value close to 0.5 m was found for the attenuation length of the liquid argon bulk to its own scintillation light. We interpret this result as a presence of optically active impurities in the liquid argon which are not filtered by the installed purification systems. We also present analyses of the argon gas employed for the filling and discuss cross sections in the vacuum ultraviolet of various molecules in respect to purity requirements in the context of large liquid argon installations.

Published
2018

3. A 4 tonne demonstrator for large-scale dual-phase liquid argon time projection chambers

Author

T. Hasegawa, S. Bordoni, M. Chalifour, Sampsa Vihonen, G. Maire, D. Redondo, N. Geffroy, F. Duval, Ionel Lazanu, A. Verdugo, A. Saftoiu, M. Calin, J. Asaadi, S. Horikawa, Marc Weber, Marzio Nessi, D. Lorca, Masatoshi Maki, B.M. Cautisanu, K. Cankocak, Filippo Resnati, F. Sergiampietri, H. Pessard, M. Parvu, F. Vannucci, L. Zambelli, R. Sulej, M.M. Badoi, A.M. Blebea-Apostu, V. Galymov, G. Misitano, I. De Bonis, I. Gil-Botella, Paolo Crivelli, A. Gendotti, A. Noury, L. Balleyguier, V. Aushev, M.C. Gomoiu, Thorsten Lux, P. Lutz, A. Falcone, Romul Margineanu, B. Aimard, S. Wu, I. Kreslo, D. Stanca, K. Nakayoshi, A. Gallego-Ros, Laura Manenti, V. Toboaru, Y. Pénichot, L. Molina Bueno, D. Pugnere, D. Caiulo, Alexandru Jipa, N. Bourgeois, S. Vilalte, D. Kryn, Animesh Chatterjee, T. Viant, Y. Piret, E. Pennacchio, J. Soto-Oton, D. Autiero, T. Kishishita, E. Mazzucato, Diana Navas-Nicolas, S. Jiménez, Mario Campanelli, L. Scotto Lavina, Enrique Calvo, D. Stefan, C. Drancourt, Y. Karyotakis, J. Sinclair, C. Regenfus, C. Alt, N. Lira, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Antonio Ereditato, G. Lehmann-Miotto, P. Cotte, J.V. Dawson, Masahiro Ikeno, A. Holin, B. A. Popov, C. Girerd, J. Dumarchez, Yu. Onishchuk, T.S. Mosu, S. Kasai, D. Belver, Jong-Sung Yu, E. Bechetoille, B. Mitrica, S. Shahsavarani, A. Munteanu, B. Radics, K. Sakashita, F. Dulucq, B. Bourguille, Nikolaos Charitonidis, K. Fusshoeller, B.S. Dimitru, T. Patzak, G. Brunetti, P. Gorodetzky, K. Negishi, F. Doizon, J.P. Mols, S. Bolognesi, M. Zito, M. Gherghel-Lascu, A. Tonazzo, André Rubbia, A. Balaceanu, C. Ristea, J. Marteau, D. Mladenov, C. Cantini, H. Mathez, C. Moreno Martinez, L. Periale, F. Noto, Kai Loo, G. Martin-Chassard, Federico Sanchez, L. Brunetti, Y. Rigaut, G. Vasseur, A. Remoto, B. Carlus, C. M. Schloesser, Tomohisa Uchida, G. Brown, W. Tromeur, A. Delbart, W. Mu, P. Chiu, R. Hanni, Masashi Tanaka, S. Conforti, C. Santos, S. Narita, S. Murphy, L. Nita, Martin Auger, S. Di Luise, Jukka Maalampi, M. Shoji, P. Stroescu, T. Esanu, C. de la Taille, C. Lastoria, E. Hamada, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, J. Bremer, S. Emery, A. Scarpelli, C. Cuesta, D. Desforge, A. Chiriacescu, C. Giganti, D. Duchesneau, K. Sendai, C. Palomares, A. Chappuis, Katsuyu Kasami, M. Karolak, G. Balik, F. Pietropaolo, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Organisation de Micro-Électronique Générale Avancée (OMEGA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aimard, B, Alt, C, Asaadi, J, Auger, M, Aushev, V, Autiero, D, Badoi, M, Balaceanu, A, Balik, G, Balleyguier, L, Bechetoille, E, Belver, D, Blebea-Apostu, A, Bolognesi, S, Bordoni, S, Bourgeois, N, Bourguille, B, Bremer, J, Brown, G, Brunetti, G, Brunetti, L, Caiulo, D, Calin, M, Calvo, E, Campanelli, M, Cankocak, K, Cantini, C, Carlus, B, Cautisanu, B, Chalifour, M, Chappuis, A, Charitonidis, N, Chatterjee, A, Chiriacescu, A, Chiu, P, Conforti, S, Cotte, P, Crivelli, P, Cuesta, C, Dawson, J, De Bonis, I, De La Taille, C, Delbart, A, Desforge, D, Di Luise, S, Dimitru, B, Doizon, F, Drancourt, C, Duchesneau, D, Dulucq, F, Dumarchez, J, Duval, F, Emery, S, Ereditato, A, Esanu, T, Falcone, A, Fusshoeller, K, Gallego-Ros, A, Galymov, V, Geffroy, N, Gendotti, A, Gherghel-Lascu, M, Giganti, C, Gil-Botella, I, Girerd, C, Gomoiu, M, Gorodetzky, P, Hamada, E, Hanni, R, Hasegawa, T, Holin, A, Horikawa, S, Ikeno, M, Jimenez, S, Jipa, A, Karolak, M, Karyotakis, Y, Kasai, S, Kasami, K, Kishishita, T, Kreslo, I, Kryn, D, Lastoria, C, Lazanu, I, Lehmann-Miotto, G, Lira, N, Loo, K, Lorca, D, Lutz, P, Lux, T, Maalampi, J, Maire, G, Maki, M, Manenti, L, Margineanu, R, Marteau, J, Martin-Chassard, G, Mathez, H, Mazzucato, E, Misitano, G, Mitrica, B, Mladenov, D, Bueno, L, Martinez, C, Mols, J, Mosu, T, Mu, W, Munteanu, A, Murphy, S, Nakayoshi, K, Narita, S, Navas-Nicolas, D, Negishi, K, Nessi, M, Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M, Nita, L, Noto, F, Noury, A, Onishchuk, Y, Palomares, C, Parvu, M, Patzak, T, Penichot, Y, Pennacchio, E, Periale, L, Pessard, H, Pietropaolo, F, Piret, Y, Popov, B, Pugnere, D, Radics, B, Redondo, D, Regenfus, C, Remoto, A, Resnati, F, Rigaut, Y, Ristea, C, Rubbia, A, Saftoiu, A, Sakashita, K, Sanchez, F, Santos, C, Scarpelli, A, Schloesser, C, Lavina, L, Sendai, K, Sergiampietri, F, Shahsavarani, S, Shoji, M, Sinclair, J, Soto-Oton, J, Stanca, D, Stefan, D, Stroescu, P, Sulej, R, Tanaka, M, Toboaru, V, Tonazzo, A, Tromeur, W, Trzaska, W, Uchida, T, Vannucci, F, Vasseur, G, Verdugo, A, Viant, T, Vihonen, S, Vilalte, S, Weber, M, Wu, S, Yu, J, Zambelli, L, Zito, M, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, hiukkasfysiikka, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Ionization, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutrino detectors, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, gas: admixture, Large Hadron Collider, Detector, neutriinot, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), experimental equipment, neutrino: detector, Time projection chamber, ilmaisimet, time projection chambers, Large scale cryogenic liquid detectors [8], photon: yield, Particle Physics - Experiment, performance, Materials science, CERN Lab, Time projection chambers, Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), ionization: yield, particle tracking detectors (gaseous detectors), tutkimuslaitteet, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Scintillation, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, hep-ex, time projection chamber: liquid argon, chemistry, muon: cosmic radiation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Tonne, neutrino detectors
Abstract

A 10 kilo-tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC is one of the detector options considered for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The detector technology relies on amplification of the ionisation charge in ultra-pure argon vapour and offers several advantages compared to the traditional single-phase liquid argon TPCs. A 4.2 tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC prototype, the largest of its kind, with an active volume of \three has been constructed and operated at CERN. In this paper we describe in detail the experimental setup and detector components as well as report on the operation experience. We also present the first results on the achieved charge amplification, prompt scintillation and electroluminescence detection, and purity of the liquid argon from analyses of a collected sample of cosmic ray muons. A 10 kilo-tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC is one of the detector options considered for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The detector technology relies on amplification of the ionisation charge in ultra-pure argon vapour and oers several advantages compared to the traditional single-phase liquid argon TPCs. A 4.2 tonne dual-phase liquid argon TPC prototype, the largest of its kind, with an active volume of 3x1x1 $m^3$ has been constructed and operated at CERN. In this paper we describe in detail the experimental setup and detector components as well as report on the operation experience. We also present the first results on the achieved charge amplification, prompt scintillation and electroluminescence detection, and purity of the liquid argon from analyses of a collected sample of cosmic ray muons.

Published
2018

4. A search for the analogue to Cherenkov radiation by high energy neutrinos at superluminal speeds in ICARUS

Author

ICARUS Collaboration, M. Antonello(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), P. Aprili(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), B. Baibussinov(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), M. Baldo Ceolin(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), P. Benetti(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), E. Calligarich(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), N. Canci(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), F. Carbonara(Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e INFN Napoli, Italy), S. Centro(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), A. Cesana(INFN, Sezione di Milano e Politecnico, Milano, Italy), K. Cieslik(The Henryk Niewodniczanski, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland), D. B. Cline(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, USA), A. G. Cocco(Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e INFN Napoli, Italy), A. Cohen(Physics Department, Boston University, Boston, USA), A. Dabrowska(The Henryk Niewodniczanski, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland), D. Dequal(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), A. Dermenev(INR RAS, Russia), R. Dolfini(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), C. Farnese(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), A. Fava(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), A. Ferrari(CERN, CH-1211 Geneve 23, Switzerland), G. Fiorillo(Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e INFN Napoli, Italy), D. Gibin(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), A. Gigli Berzolari(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), S. Gninenko(INR RAS, Russia), A. Guglielmi(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), M. Haranczyk(The Henryk Niewodniczanski, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland), J. Holeczek(Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland), A. Ivashkin(INR RAS, Russia), J. Kisiel(Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland), I. Kochanek(Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland), J. Lagoda(National Centre for Nulcear research, Otwock/Swierk, Poland), S. Mania(Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland), G. Mannocchi(Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati), A. Menegolli(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), G. Meng(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), C. Montanari(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), S. Otwinowski(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, USA), L. Periale(Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati), A. Piazzoli(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), P. Picchi(Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati), F. Pietropaolo(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), P. Plonski(Institute for Radioelectronics, Warsaw Univ. of Technology, Warsaw, Poland), A. Rappoldi(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), G. L. Raselli(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), M. Rossella(Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica e INFN, Università di Pavia, Italy), C. Rubbia(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), P. Sala(INFN, Sezione di Milano e Politecnico, Milano, Italy), E. Scantamburlo(Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy), A. Scaramelli(INFN, Sezione di Milano e Politecnico, Milano, Italy), E. Segreto(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), F. Sergiampietri(Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Italy), D. Stefan(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), J. Stepaniak(National Centre for Nulcear research, Otwock/Swierk, Poland), R. Sulej(National Centre for Nulcear research, Otwock/Swierk, Poland), M. Szarska(The Henryk Niewodniczanski, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland), M. Terrani(INFN, Sezione di Milano e Politecnico, Milano, Italy), F. Varanini(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), S. Ventura(Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Università di Padova, Italy), C. Vignoli(Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso dell'INFN, Assergi), H. Wang(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, USA), X. Yang(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, USA), A. Zalewska(The Henryk Niewodniczanski, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Krakow, Poland), K. Zaremba(Institute for Radioelectronics, Warsaw Univ. of Technology, Warsaw, Poland), M., Antonello, P., Aprili, B., Baibussinov, M. B., Ceolin, P., Benetti, E., Calligarich, N., Canci, F., Carbonara, S., Centro, A., Cesana, K., Cieslik, D. B., Cline, A. G., Cocco, A., Dabrowska, D., Dequal, A., Dermenev, R., Dolfini, C., Farnese, A., Fava, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Gibin, A. G., Berzolari, S., Gninenko, A., Guglielmi, M., Haranczyk, J., Holeczek, A., Ivashkin, J., Kisiel, I., Kochanek, J., Lagoda, S., Mania, G., Mannocchi, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, C., Montanari, S., Otwinowski, L., Periale, A., Piazzoli, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, P., Plonski, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, M., Rossella, C., Rubbia, P. R., Sala, E., Scantamburlo, A., Scaramelli, E., Segreto, F., Sergiampietri, D., Stefan, J., Stepaniak, R., Sulej, M., Szarska, M., Terrani, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, C., Vignoli, H., Wang, X., Yang, A., Zalewska, K., Zaremba, and A., Cohen

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, argon time, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, superluminal neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, Superluminal neutrino-Lar TPC detector-Cern neutrino beam, cherenkov radiation, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, ICARUS, Superluminal motion, hep-ex, neutrino energy spectrum, Massless particle, Antimatter, argon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Energy source, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, Liquefied gases
Abstract

The OPERA collaboration has claimed evidence of superluminal {\nu}{_\mu} propagation between CERN and the LNGS. Cohen and Glashow argued that such neutrinos should lose energy by producing photons and e+e- pairs, through Z0 mediated processes analogous to Cherenkov radiation. In terms of the parameter delta=(v^2_nu-v^2_c)/v^2_c, the OPERA result implies delta = 5 x 10^-5. For this value of \delta a very significant deformation of the neutrino energy spectrum and an abundant production of photons and e+e- pairs should be observed at LNGS. We present an analysis based on the 2010 and part of the 2011 data sets from the ICARUS experiment, located at Gran Sasso National Laboratory and using the same neutrino beam from CERN. We find that the rates and deposited energy distributions of neutrino events in ICARUS agree with the expectations for an unperturbed spectrum of the CERN neutrino beam. Our results therefore refute a superluminal interpretation of the OPERA result according to the Cohen and Glashow prediction for a weak current analog to Cherenkov radiation. In particular no superluminal Cherenkov like e+e- pair or gamma emission event has been directly observed inside the fiducial volume of the "bubble chamber like" ICARUS TPC-LAr detector, setting the much stricter limit of delta < 2.5 10^-8 at the 90% confidence level, comparable with the one due to the observations from the SN1987A., Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures

Published
2015

5. Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE): Conceptual Design Report. Volume 4: The DUNE Detectors at LBNF

Author

M. Headley, V. Singh, L. L. Kormos, E. Hazen, A. Kumar, R. K. Plunkett, Christopher L. Marshall, R. Schmitt, E. Blaufuss, Amanpreet Kaur, C. Vignoli, David Malon, P vanGemmeren, A. Heavey, S. L. Mufson, J. Cushing, S. R. Elliott, A. deGouvea, F. Pietropaolo, T. Hasegawa, V. Papadimitriou, Roberto L. N. Oliveira, D. Waters, D. Ruterbories, A. Topkar, W. Honey, T. Yang, Marvin Johnson, Mingshui Chen, Carl H. Albright, M. Muether, S. Rescia, John F. Beacom, J. Johnstone, M.D.L. Lopes, A. Verdugo, L.S. Rochester, Y. Ng, Xiaohui Qian, B. Page, B. Rebel, Steven Gardiner, P. DeLurgio, Ernesto Kemp, D. Wells, C. Grant, D. Warner, D. Aristizabal, S. Bansal, T. L. Usher, Germano Guedes, D. Duchesneau, M. C. Sanchez, L. Camilleri, Joshua R. Klein, D.W. Schmitz, R. VanBerg, H. L. H. Wong, B. Viren, Mario Campanelli, J. L. Stone, B. Lundberg, O. Palamara, A. Laminack, D. Lissauer, Francesco Tortorici, M. A. Acero, T. Tope, D. Cianci, David H. Adams, C. Yanagisawa, J. Lowery, Ranjan Dharmapalan, J. Mousseau, W. R. Kropp, A. Perch, J. Moon, C. Palomares, R. Andrews, J. Hartnell, N. Kazaryan, Kendall Mahn, V. Bellini, Pomita Ghoshal, M. Adamowski, D. Girardelli, Bindu A. Bambah, Y. Nakajima, A. N. Khotjantsev, D. Reitzner, D. Smargianaki, B. Eberly, T. Liu, S. Glavin, J. Asaadi, G. d. Geronimo, M. B. Smy, M. Baird, Z. Moss, Gustaaf Brooijmans, Alessandro Menegolli, R. B. Patterson, J. A. J. Matthews, M. Weber, Dmitry Gorbunov, M. Tzanov, R. L. Talaga, S.K. Mandal, C. Greenley, G. W. Sullivan, Dimitar Mladenov, Anjan K. Giri, T. Boone, E. James, L. Fields, T. A. Bolton, S. A. Dytman, R. Rucinski, Alexander Mann, Gabriel Perdue, S. Bolognesi, B. Szczerbinska, F. Bay, R. D. McKeown, C. Lane, S. Chembra, Shu Li, Sangeeta Malhotra, D. Garcia-Gamez, R. L. Gill, B. Wang, J. Spitz, B. T. Fleming, E. McCluskey, Timothy M. Shaw, T. Patzak, S. Horikawa, Z. Pavlovic, E. Pantic, H. M. O'Keeffe, J. Anderson, A. Friedland, J. P. Lopez, R. Raboanary, P. Schlabach, J. Strait, T. A. Forest, M. D. Messier, R. Potenza, Narendra Sahu, A. M. McGowan, R. Santorelli, B. V. K. S. Potukuchi, C. Montanari, W.M. Lee, M. Toups, M. Kordosky, D. Mertins, Matthew Wetstein, Wenzhao Wei, S. Kohn, T. J. Haines, Jasvinder A. Singh, G. Introzzi, D. Naples, Kazuhiro Terao, Q. Liu, M. Potekhin, Stanley G. Wojcicki, E. Arrieta-Diaz, J. Davies, P. Novella, Andrew Blake, A. L. Renshaw, M. O. Wascko, J. Insler, Jason Kumar, C. Jen, L. Wang, G. Koizumi, M. M. Khabibullin, E. Amador, T. Grundy, Yu. Onishchuk, B. Mitrica, T. Hamernik, D. Wenman, Gianluca Petrillo, V. J. Guarino, N. McCauley, A. Tonazzo, D. J. Taylor, A. B. Balantekin, T. Nicholls, S. Jiménez, William A. Barletta, B. Zamorano, R. Saakyan, J. R. Macier, S. B. Boyd, T. Xin, J. Bremer, M. J. Wilking, M. E. Convery, R. Gran, N. Pruthi, K. J. Anderson, Enrique Calvo, Peter Wittich, Artur F. Izmaylov, J. Hylen, C. Touramanis, G. A. Valdiviesso, Irina Mocioiu, Katsuya Yonehara, C. M. Sutera, Kenneth Long, T. E. Coan, D. Autiero, H. K. Hadavand, S. Menary, J. M. Paley, Antonio Ereditato, C. Rubbia, T. Olson, O. G. Miranda, A. G. Cocco, Gary Drake, J.A. Sepulveda-Quiroz, A. Guglielmi, T. Lundin, S. Fuess, Mary S. Richardson, S. Emery, J. M. Link, Jingbo Ye, N. Yershov, H. S. Chen, Davit Mayilyan, Christian Farnese, T. Loew, M. Bansal, T. R. Junk, Y. A. Ramachers, Akitaka Ariga, Marvin L Marshak, G. Karagiorgi, Sarah Catherine Eno, William J. Marciano, Philip D Adamson, R. Vandewater, Kevin Scott McFarland, M. Torti, M. Tortola, M. Antonello, Leonidas Kalousis, S. Shahsavarani, N. Simos, S. Mandodi, B. J. P. Jones, Rob Edgecock, R. Haenni, G. Meng, H. Pessard, O. Mena, J. Dolph, L. Suter, N. Graf, Abraham D. Falcone, T. Gamble, B. Bourguille, L. Greenler, Francesco Lanni, Zulkifli Ahmad, L. A. Corwin, D. Stefan, M. V. Diwan, Joseph Lykken, E. Niner, J. K. Nelson, P. Novakova, Paulo Rodrigues, E. Blucher, L. Whitehead, S. Ventura, C. Y. Chi, I. Gil-Botella, B. Carls, Valentina Greco, N. P. Samios, M. Elnimr, B. Sands, R. Milincic, C. A. Moura, M. Newcomer, Kirk T. McDonald, J. Reichenbacher, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, J. L. Raaf, Paolo Crivelli, A. Sousa, M. Mehrian, Olga Beltramello, H. Wang, K. Riesselmann, M. Nunes, M. Bergevin, M. Bass, Yu. G. Kudenko, J. H. Jo, Robert McTaggart, Georg G. Raffelt, E. Tziaferi, A. Holin, L. Valerio, A. Scaramelli, A. D. Marino, C. Rudolphvonrohr, V.M. Gehman, S. Santana, C. Mariani, K. Lande, S. Tariq, S. M. Fernandes, S. J. Brice, Gregory J Pawloski, Carlos Escobar, J. D. Perkin, S. R. Das, B. K. Fujikawa, G. T. Garvey, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, H. Jostlein, V.B. Chandratre, M. Bonesini, J. d. Anjos, Matthew L Strait, M. C. Tamsett, J.V. Dawson, Giovanni Bellettini, G.D. Barr, Kam Biu Luk, S. Manly, M. Wallbank, Jack Fried, S. Childress, T. Miao, E. Berman, R. W. Hackenburg, H. Duyang, Cerian F Jackson, B. Baibussinov, T. K. Warburton, R. Petti, Jan T. Sobczyk, Vipin Bhatnagar, A. Aurisano, Marzio Nessi, H. Greenlee, I. Singh, H. Meyer, Michael Benjamin Andrews, A. Schukraft, A. A. Machado, Q. Z. Li, B. Norris, R. Guenette, K. Biery, Z. Li, Magdalena Malek, A. Cervera-Villanueva, M. S. Athar, P. N. Ratoff, Dongming Mei, Subrata Pal, A. Bashyal, Andrew Brandt, T. Kutter, A. Hackenburg, V. Aushev, Jorge G. Morfin, R. Tsenov, R. Kriske, Sergey A. Kulagin, Rudolf Oldeman, B. Kirby, André Rubbia, B. Paulos, D. Goeldi, C. E. Thorn, G. Varner, C. Ghag, J. Shahi, B. Kayser, C. Adams, S. H. Kettell, G. Brunetti, C. Densham, F. Noto, G. Mahler, M. Avila, J. Felde, P. Przewlocki, Matthew Mewes, D. Mcnulty, S. Adhikari, J. Osta, J. A. Nowak, R. M. Brown, Davide Sgalaberna, D. M. Asner, William Morse, Jan Conrad, G. P. Zeller, W. Sippach, C. D. Moore, D. Wahl, Nitish Dhingra, J. Willhite, T.V. Vieira, C. Taylor, W. E. Sondheim, Andrea Zani, J. Maricic, Anatoly Kopylov, Alec Habig, G. H. Collin, D. A. Dwyer, F. Mammoliti, J. K. Dejong, D. M. Lee, J. Park, L. Zang, L. Falk, N.V. Mokhov, C. E. Tull, K. Soustruznik, J. Howell, Xinhua Bai, X. Luo, Y. Karyotakis, K. Vaziri, D. Whittington, J. J. Back, C. Regenfus, Chao Zhang, H. Schellman, M. Fitton, A. Hahn, H. M. Steiner, N. S. Lockyer, H. R. Gallagher, M. Ross-Lonergan, B. P. Roe, L. S. Littenberg, Robert Wilson, C. S. Mishra, M. Rossella, M. Tripathi, S. Matsuno, A. Delbart, Xingguo Li, X. Bu, P. Vahle, G. A. Horton-Smith, A. Kostelecky, M. Hogan, S. Stoica, D. A. Harris, S. Murphy, Michael Thorpe, S. DiLuise, A. J. Finch, R. A. Johnson, G.L. Raselli, J. Huston, Stephen J. Parke, M. P. Decowski, D. Ioanisyan, S. Galymov, C. Mauger, L. Chaussard, P. Benetti, R. Sulej, S. Bertolucci, H. S. Budd, Rex Tayloe, F. Cavanna, N. J. Buchanan, X. Tian, Paolo Calafiura, A. Zalewska, G. B. Mills, Z. Parsa, B. Bleakley, Federico Sanchez, T. Vrba, H. Mendez, H. G. Berns, Lokesh Kumar, P. Mehta, M. Graham, Antonio Palazzo, F. Boffelli, S. Grullon, B. R. Littlejohn, I. Tropin, Michele Cascella, T. Viant, P. Ballett, N. Walsh, N. McConkey, S. J. Patton, E. Church, Michael Mooney, F.R. Torres, D. Cline, R. Imlay, I. Rakhno, T. Kobilarcik, Rukmani Mohanta, E.D. Zimmerman, E. Guardincerri, C. Vilela, M. Vagins, T. Wang, J. M. Yu, Animesh Chatterjee, G. Brown, E. Gramelini, Andre Petukhov, S. Magill, M. Groh, Martin Auger, L. Mualem, Artur M. Ankowski, J. Zalesak, J. G. Learned, E. Segreto, F. Jediny, Sarah Mancina, Niki Saoulidou, D. E. Jaffe, D. Edmunds, John Evans, E. Tatar, Utku Kose, Daniel A. Dale, David Martinez, John Ramsey, J. Urheim, Akhil Jhingan, W. Metcalf, Z. Djurcic, E. Mazzucato, K. Aryal, Maury Goodman, N. J. C. Spooner, O. V. Mineev, M. Bishai, R. Gandhi, James Stewart, S. R. Seibert, Joshua J. Turner, Parminder Kaur, J. Schwehr, D. Montanari, A. Rappoldi, T. Wachala, J. S. Díaz, Keith Rielage, J. Martín-Albo, J.J. Gómez-Cadenas, E.L. Snider, B. Russell, K. Grzelak, M. A. Leiguideoliveira, Amir Farbin, V. Paolone, J. Schneps, C. K. Jung, K. Yarritu, A. Higuera, Y. T. Tsai, Yang Li, R. Zwaska, Z. Vallari, Simon Lin, Pedro Cunha de Holanda, D. Karasavvas, Eric Endress, S. Hays, Paul Wilson, M. Luethi, E. Calligarich, Kuan Ken Lee, K. Chen, Sandip Pakvasa, K. Wood, N. Poudyal, L. F. Thompson, Asher Kaboth, L. Sexton-Kennedy, S. Lockwitz, G. Sinev, S. Hans, R. Musser, B. Bugg, Paola Sala, L. Bartoszek, S. Golapinni, B. Bhuyan, P. Hurh, W. H. Miller, O.B. Rodrigues, C. Bromberg, Brajesh C Choudhary, M. A. Thomson, R. Carr, J. Libo, M. Diamantopoulou, J. Bian, Yasaman Farzan, R. Roser, J. G. Boissevain, Caroline Morris, A. Gendotti, A. Himmel, J. Cranshaw, M. Zito, Bo Yu, S. Pordes, Thorsten Lux, I. M. Anghel, C. M. Castromonte, P. deJong, N. Solomey, R. Shrock, S. Bordoni, W. Fox, J. M. LoSecco, M. Khandaker, T. Kafka, M. H. Shaevitz, N. Barros, C. Booth, M. Rosen, Silvia Pascoli, M. Soderberg, Subhasmita Mishra, R. A. Gomes, Serhan Tufanli, B. Bhandari, D. Gibin, M. Stancari, F. Sergiampietri, Hye Young Lee, Gavin Davies, Michael DuVernois, V. Bocean, J. A. Musser, E. Pennacchio, Z. J. Liptak, K. Nikolics, R. J. Nichol, E. Kearns, P. Snopok, M. Sorel, Rohit Sharma, Sau Lan Wu, K. V. Tsang, Kaushik De, Timothyblake Watson, Y. Uchida, C. Mossey, R.A. Rameika, R. Svoboda, Gus Sinnis, Veljko Radeka, Y. Meng, E. Guarnaccia, Rebecca Bernstein, W. C. Louis, D. Navas, T. Blackburn, M. D. Haigh, Sandhya Choubey, A. Mefodiev, K. M. Heeger, R. Acciarri, Siqi Yang, Tomoko Ariga, Karol Lang, D. Cherdack, S.C. Timm, Milos Lokajicek, Minfang Yeh, Stephen T. Dye, G. Zavala, J. C. Thomas, M. Gold, C. McGrew, G. Vasseur, M. Thiesse, G. Diazbautista, K. Iwamoto, A. M. Szelc, Gareth J. Barker, I. Stancu, I. Shyrma, C. Andreopoulos, P. Shanahan, A. Bercellie, R. Corey, G.V. Velev, E. Catano-Mur, J. Fowler, S. J. M. Peeters, José W. F. Valle, B. Howard, Thomas Strauss, P. Lebrun, A. Radovic, A. Weinstein, Ara Ioannisian, H. T. Rakotondramanana, A. Curioni, R. W. Kadel, M. Borysova, Kate Scholberg, T. Ovsjannikova, S. Kemboi, J. Navarro, L. Periale, I. Kreslo, V. A. Kudryavtsev, D. R. Tiedt, G. Kumar, A. White, T. Handler, M. Worcester, A. Aranda-Fernandez, L. Rakotondravohitra, A. C. Weber, O. Prokofiev, J. Marteau, Max Robinson, C. Cantini, D. Pushka, N. Grant, H. Sobel, L. Favilli, J. Hewes, Srubabati Goswami, S.U. Shankar, D. Cronin-Hennessy, B. Baller, B. R. Behera, M. H. Kirby, T. Alion, D. Brailsford, S. Striganov, Laura Paulucci, C. D. Christofferson, B. Morgan, Y. Sun, A. Remoto, A. Hatzikoutelis, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Marchionni, P. Cole, Yuri Kamyshkov, Julián Félix, F. Varanini, John Marshall, R. Sharma, T. Hill, A. M. Gago, J. Heise, Lindley Winslow, R. Hatcher, G. Christodoulou, T. Davenne, Angela Fava, C. W. James, J. Joshi, S. Centro, H. Merritt, Paul Keener, Karol Hennessy, S. Söldner-Rembold, G. Santucci, C. S. Lin, E. T. Worcester, Michael Kramer, and J. Stock

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Conceptual design, Neutrino detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Baseline (configuration management), 01 natural sciences
Published
2016

6. Detection of the primary scintillation light from dense Ar, Kr and Xe with novel photosensitive gaseous detectors

Author

Vladimir Peskov, P. Picchi, P. Pavlopoulos, Tom Francke, F. Pietropaolo, Per Carlson, and L. Periale

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Range (particle radiation), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Photon, Materials science, business.industry, Capillary action, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Gaseous detectors, Optics, Recoil, Particle, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation, physics.ins-det
Abstract

The detection of primary scintillation light in combination with the charge or secondary scintillation signals is an efficient technique to determine the events t=0 as well as particle / photon separation in large mass TPC detectors filled with noble gases and/or condensed noble gases. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that costly photo-multipliers could be replaced by cheap novel photosensitive gaseous detectors: wire counters, GEMs or glass capillary tubes coupled with CsI photocathodes. We have performed systematic measurements with Ar, Kr and Xe gas at pressures in the range of 1-50 atm as well as some preliminary measurements with liquid Xe and liquid Ar. With the gaseous detectors we succeeded in detecting scintillation light produced by 22 keV X-rays with an efficiency of close to 100%. We also detected the scintillation light produced by bs (5 keV deposit energy) with an efficiency close to 25%. Successful detection of scintillation from 22 keV gammas open new experimental possibilities not only for nTOF and ICARUS experiments, but also in others, like WIMPs search through nuclear recoil emission.

Published
2015

7. A study of the operation of especially designed photosensitive gaseous detectors at cryogenic temperatures

Author

P. Picchi, L. Periale, F. Pietropaolo, P. Pavlopoulos, Vladimir Peskov, Bengt Lund-Jensen, and C. Iacobaeus

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Other Fields of Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Magnetic field, Gaseous detectors, Optics, Planar, Successful operation, Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

In some experiments and applications there is need for large-area photosensitive detectors to operate at cryogenic temperatures. Nowadays, vacuum PMs are usually used for this purpose. We have developed special designs of planar photosensitive gaseous detectors able to operate at cryogenic temperatures. Such detectors are much cheaper PMs and are almost insensitive to magnetic fields. Results of systematic measurements of their quantum efficiencies, the maximum achievable gains and long-term stabilities will be presented. The successful operation of these detectors open realistic possibilities in replacing PMs by photosensitive gaseous detectors in some applications dealing with cryogenic liquids; for example in experiments using noble liquid TPCs or noble liquid scintillating calorimeters., Submitted to the Nuclear Instruments and Methods

Published
2006

8. Performance study of the effective gain of the double phase liquid Argon LEM Time Projection Chamber

Author

T. Viant, L. Periale, F. Resnati, S. Murphy, André Rubbia, C. Cantini, F. Sergiampietri, S. Wu, S. Horikawa, C. Regenfus, A. Gendotti, L. Epprecht, and G. Natterer

Subjects
Materials science, Argon, Time projection chamber, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, MicroMegas detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), STRIPS, Electron, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle detector, law.invention, chemistry, law, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

The Large Electron Multipliers (LEMs) are key components of double phase liquid argon TPCs. The drifting charges after being extracted from the liquid are amplified in the LEM positioned half a centimeter above the liquid in pure argon vapor at 87 K. The LEM is characterised by the size of its dielectric rim around the holes, the thickness of the LEM insulator, the diameter of the holes as well as their geometrical layout. The impact of those design parameters on the amplification were checked by testing seven different LEMs with an active area of 10$\times$10 cm$^2$ in a double phase liquid argon TPC of 21 cm drift. We studied their response in terms of maximal reachable gain and impact on the collected charge uniformity as well as the long term stability of the gain. We show that we could reach maximal gains of around 150 which corresponds to a signal-to-noise ratio ($S/N$) of about 800 for a minimal ionising particle (MIP) signal on 3 mm readout strips. We could also conclude that the dielectric surfaces in the vicinity of the LEM holes charge up with different time constants that depend on their design parameters. Our results demonstrate that the LAr LEM TPC is a robust concept that is well-understood and well-suited for operation in ultra-pure cryogenic environments and that can match the goals of future large-scale liquid argon detectors., 17 pages, 9 figures

Published
2014

9. Measurement of the μ decay spectrum with the ICARUS liquid Argon TPC

Author

J. Lagoda, L. Periale, S. Zhen, D.B. Chen, A. Martinez de la Ossa, S. Galli, Mario Terrani, M. Szeptycka, Xiaojing Huang, C. Matthey, A. Gigli Berzolari, Cezary Juszczak, F. Sergiampietri, R. Sulej, M. Bischofberger, Alessandro Menegolli, E. Rondio, F. Mauri, A. Guglielmi, B. Bekman, Alfredo G. Cocco, R. Brunetti, Massimo Rossella, A. Zalewska, G. Mannocchi, M. Campanelli, T. Kozłowski, J. Stepaniak, D. A. Scannicchio, A. Bueno, Z. Xu, Sandro Ventura, Riccardo Bruzzese, A. Ereditato, G. Meng, André Rubbia, M. Łaffranchi, M. Messina, Arnaud Ferrari, D. Pascoli, C. Osuna, Chao Zhang, S. Centro, F. Cavanna, Jan T. Sobczyk, Hui Wang, Salvatore Amoruso, P. Cennini, Marta Felcini, A. Badertscher, Krzysztof M. Graczyk, C. Vignoli, M. C. Prata, J. Woo, I. Gil-Botella, G. Piano Mortari, J. Holeczek, Xuan Wang, D. Chen, J. Rico, P. Benetti, D. Garcia-Gamez, K. He, J. Ma, Z. Li, Nicola Spinelli, Paola Sala, E. Calligarich, A. Melgarejo, M. Szarska, A. Rappoldi, F. Lu, Jan Kisiel, A. Di Cicco, W. Zipper, Youngho Seo, T. Rancati, G. Fiorillo, E. Segreto, W. Półchłopek, D. Gibin, O. Palamara, D. Cavalli, P. Aprili, S. Navas-Concha, A. Borio di Tigliole, F. Carbonara, G. Battistoni, S. Otwinowski, R. Dolfini, Raffaele Velotta, B. Baiboussinov, Chang Chen, Z. Dai, G.L. Raselli, K. Cieślik, Yi-Chun Chen, Silvia Muraro, A. D. Ferella, Y. Ge, Rosalía Cid, Q. Zhang, David B. Cline, F. Arneodo, C. Carpanese, Alessandra Cesana, G. Mangano, F. Ferri, Q. Ouyang, A. Piazzoli, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, R. Santorelli, C. De Vecchi, M. Baldo Ceolin, J. A. Nowak, L. Grandi, M. Markiewicz, D. Kielczewska, A. Dabrowska, G. Xu, C. Montanari, M. Antonello, C. Rubbia, Amoruso, Salvatore, Antonello, M., Aprili, P., Arneodo, F., Badertscher, A., Baiboussinov, B., Ceolin, M. B., Battistoni, G., Bekman, B., Benetti, P., Bischofberger, M., A. B., Di, Brunetti, R., Bruzzese, Riccardo, Bueno, A., Calligarich, E., Campanelli, M., Carbonara, F., Carpanese, C., Cavalli, D., Cavanna, F., Cennini, P., Centro, S., Cesana, A., Chen, C., Chen, D., Chen, D. B., Chen, Y., Cid, R., Cieslik, K., Cline, D., Cocco, A. G., Dai, Z., Vecchi, C. D., Dabrowska, A., Cicco, A. D., Dolfini, R., Ereditato, A., Felcini, M., Ferella, A., Ferrari, A., Ferri, F., Fiorillo, Giuliana, Galli, S., Garcia Gamez, D., Ge, Y., Gibin, D., Berzolari, A. G., Gil Botella, I., Graczyk, K., Grandi, L., Guglielmi, A., He, K., Holeczek, J., Huang, X., Juszczak, C., Kielczewska, D., Kisiel, J., Kozlowski, T., Laffranchi, M., Lagoda, J., Li, Z., Lu, F., Ma, J., Mangano, G., Mannocchi, G., Markiewicz, M., A. M., De, Matthey, C., Mauri, F., Melgarejo, A., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messina, M., Montanari, C., Muraro, S., Navas Concha, S., Nowak, J., Osuna, C., Otwinowski, S., Ouyang, Q., Palamara, O., Pascoli, D., Periale, L., G. B. P., Piazzoli, A., Picchi, P., Pietropaolo, F., Polchlopek, W., Prata, M., Rancati, T., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Rico, J., Rondio, E., Rossella, M., Rubbia, A., Rubbia, C., Sala, P., Santorelli, R., Scannicchio, D., Segreto, E., Seo, Y., Sergiampietri, F., Sobczyk, J., Spinelli, Nicola, Stepaniak, J., Sulej, R., Szarska, M., Szeptycka, M., Terrani, M., Velotta, Raffaele, Ventura, S., Vignoli, C., Wang, H., Wang, X., Woo, J., Xu, G., Xu, Z., Zalewska, A., Zhang, C., Zhang, Q., Zhen, S., and Zipper, W.

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, MICHEL PARAMETERS, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, CAPTURE, MUONS, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle decay, Decay energy, Scintillation counter, LEPTON DECAYS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, TAU-NEUTRINO HELICITY, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), SPARK-CHAMBER SPECTROMETER, RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS, Lepton
Abstract

Examples are given which prove the ICARUS detector quality through relevant physics measurements. We study the μ decay energy spectrum from a sample of stopping μ events acquired during the test run of the ICARUS T600 detector. This detector allows the spatial reconstruction of the events with fine granularity, hence, the precise measurement of the range and dE/dx of the μ with high sampling rate. This information is used to compute the calibration factors needed for the full calorimetric reconstruction of the events. The Michel ρ parameter is then measured by comparison of the experimental and Monte Carlo simulated μ decay spectra, obtaining ρ=0.72±0.06(stat.)±0.08(syst.). The energy resolution for electrons below ∼50 MeV is finally extracted from the simulated sample, obtaining (Eemeas−EeMC)/EeMC=11%/E[MeV]−−−−−−−√⊕2%., The European Physical Journal C, 33 (2), ISSN:1434-6044, ISSN:1434-6052

Published
2004

10. CVD diamond sensor for UV-photon detection

Author

P. Picchi, A.M. Lamarina, R. Periale, G. Gervino, S. Bizzaro, Carlo Palmisano, and L. Periale

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Detector, Photodetector, Chemical vapor deposition, Particle detector, Optics, Particle, Optoelectronics, Irradiation, business, Instrumentation, Single crystal, Dark current
Abstract

A new generation of UV photosensors, based on single crystal Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) diamonds to work optically coupled with large volume two-phase liquid-Ar (LAr) or liquid-Xe (LXe) detectors nowadays under design for the next generation of WIMPs experiments, is under development. Preliminary tests and first calibrations show these devices can have better performance than the existing UV sensitive detectors (higher photosensitivity and better signal-to-noise ratio). I–V characteristics, dark current measurements, linearity response to X-ray irradiation, and α - particle energy resolution are reported and discussed.

Published
2012

11. Underground operation of the ICARUS T600 LAr-TPC: first results

Author

Christian Farnese, R. Dolfini, G. Meng, S. Muraro, A. Cesana, R. Sulej, A. Guglielmi, M. Terrani, Carlo Rubbia, E. Segreto, A. Scaramelli, K. Zaremba, M. Baldo Ceolin, Alfredo G. Cocco, N. Canci, A. Zalewska, P. Benetti, P. Plonski, Ornella Palamara, X. Yang, T. Golan, Daniele Dequal, A. Dermenev, L. Barzè, Hongwei Wang, F. Sergiampietri, D. Stefan, Jan T. Sobczyk, Paola Sala, F. Varanini, C. Vignoli, T. J. Palczewski, P. Picchi, I. Kochanek, G. Mannocchi, A. Gigli Berzolari, G. Fiorillo, M. Kirsanov, S. N. Gninenko, Arnaud Ferrari, Paweł Karbowniczek, J. Lagoda, M.C. Prata, Angela Fava, A. Rappoldi, J. . Zmuda, S. Centro, P. Przewlocki, E. Scantamburlo, M. Szarska, L. Periale, B. Baibussinov, J. Holeczek, A. Piazzoli, F. Carbonara, K. Cieslik, A. Dabrowska, S. Mania, M. Haranczyk, Massimo Rossella, P. Aprili, Alessandro Menegolli, T. Wachala, C. Montanari, D. Cline, F. Pietropaolo, Sandro Ventura, J. Kisiel, F. Mauri, M. Antonello, J. Stepaniak, F. Cavanna, E. Calligarich, D. Gibin, S. Otwinowski, Mattias Lantz, G.L. Raselli, C., Rubbia, M., Antonello, P., Aprili, B., Baibussinov, M., Baldo Ceolin, L., Barzè, P., Benetti, E., Calligarich, N., Canci, Carbonara, Francesco, F., Cavanna, S., Centro, A., Cesana, K., Cieslik, D. B., Cline, A. G., Cocco, A., Dabrowska, D., Dequal, A., Dermenev, R., Dolfini, C., Farnese, A., Fava, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Gibin, A., Gigli Berzolari, S., Gninenko, T., Golan, A., Guglielmi, M., Haranczyk, J., Holeczek, P., Karbowniczek, M., Kirsanov, J., Kisiel, I., Kochanek, J., Lagoda, M., Lantz, S., Mania, G., Mannocchi, F., Mauri, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, C., Montanari, S., Muraro, S., Otwinowski, O., Palamara, T. J., Palczewski, L., Periale, A., Piazzoli, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, P., Plonski, M., Prata, P., Przewlocki, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, M., Rossella, P., Sala, E., Scantamburlo, A., Scaramelli, E., Segreto, F., Sergiampietri, J., Sobczyk, D., Stefan, J., Stepaniak, R., Sulej, M., Szarska, M., Terrani, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, C., Vignoli, T., Wachala, H., Wang, X., Yang, A., Zalewska, K., Zaremba, and J., Zmuda

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Particle physics, Liquid detectors, Proton decay, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, Time projection Chambers (TPC), Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Cryogenic liquid detector, Bubble chamber, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Subatomic particle, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Liquid detectors
Abstract

Open questions are still present in fundamental Physics and Cosmology, like the nature of Dark Matter, the matter-antimatter asymmetry and the validity of the particle interaction Standard Model. Addressing these questions requires a new generation of massive particle detectors exploring the subatomic and astrophysical worlds. ICARUS T600 is the first large mass (760 ton) example of a novel detector generation able to combine the imaging capabilities of the old famous "bubble chamber" with an excellent energy measurement in huge electronic detectors. ICARUS T600 now operates at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory, studying cosmic rays, neutrino oscillation and proton decay. Physical potentialities of this novel telescope are presented through few examples of neutrino interactions reconstructed with unprecedented details. Detector design and early operation are also reported., 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Jinst

Published
2011

12. Status of ZEPLIN II and ZEPLIN IV study

Author

J. J. Quenby, N. J. T. Smith, G. J. Alner, I. Liubarsky, David B. Cline, W. G. Jones, P.F. Smith, L. Periale, N. J. C. Spooner, S. P. Hart, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, F. Sergiampietri, J. Gao, R. M. Preece, G. Mannocchi, Daniel Tovey, J.D. Lewin, T. J. Sumner, J. T. White, Youngho Seo, and H. Wang

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, WIMP, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

We discribe the construction status of ZEPLIN II detector, a 30-kg two-phase discriminating xenon detector to be installed in Boulby Mine, UK, for the direct detection of WIMP dark matter. Both scintillation and ionization will be measure in order to discriminate the radioactive background. ZEPLIN-II will have very high radioactive-background rejection efficiency. We will also discuss the study of ton scale ZEPLIN IV. The ZEPLIN program is a collaborative work of UCLA, TAMU, UKMDMC, and CNR Torino, Italy.

Published
2003

13. Performance of the ICARUS liquid argon prototype

Author

M. Terrani, G. Battistoni, S. Otwinowski, A. Di Credico, P. Picchi, P. Cennini, Antonio Bueno, J. Ma, L. Periale, Paola Sala, Hui Wang, B. Romualdi, André Rubbia, M. Lisowski, E. Tatananni, Z. Xu, C. De Vecchi, E. Calligarich, S. Zhen, P. Benetti, C. Carpanese, A. Rappoldi, Arnaud Ferrari, F. Arneodo, J. Woo, K. He, David B. Cline, Z. Li, Q. Zhang, G. Piano Mortari, A. Kruse, A. A. Grillo, F. Lu, Mario Campanelli, S. Centro, Chao Zhang, Eugenio Scapparone, Elisa Bernardini, F. Cavanna, A. Haag, A. Badertscher, F. Ferri, O. Palamara, D. Cavalli, C. Vignoli, D. A. Scannicchio, C. Rubbia, A. Borio di Tigliole, D. Pascoli, F. Sergiampietri, L. Grandi, M. Laffranchi, M. Nicoletto, Xiaojing Huang, C. Matthey, I. Gil-Botella, Sandro Ventura, A. Rotilio, Chang Chen, Massimo Rossella, G.L. Raselli, Yi-Chun Chen, Silvia Muraro, D.B. Chen, E. Segreto, T. Rancati, F. Mauri, F. Pietropaolo, A. Cesana, S. Navas-Concha, R. Brunetti, R. Dolfini, G. Nurzia, B. Baiboussinov, A. Gigli Berzolari, G. Xu, C. Montanari, S. Petrera, N. Sinanis, M. Bischofberger, D. Mazza, G. Meng, J. Rico, Q. Ouyang, and A. Piazzoli

Subjects
Cryostat, ICARUS, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Wire chamber, Time projection chamber, Argon, Nuclear engineering, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Cryogenics, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Instrumentation
Abstract

We report on the performance of a liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber, operating in a 10 m 3 cryostat. This device built in the framework of the ICARUS T600 programme to serve as a full test facility for the adopted cryogenics and mechanical solutions, was successfully tested in 2000 as the last step before the tests of the first 600 t ICARUS module 1 year later. In a final run at the Gran Sasso Laboratory, whose outcome provides the main subject of this paper, also the readout and imaging capabilities of the installed wire chamber and the overall performance of the detector have been successfully tested.

Published
2003

14. Commissioning of the ArDM experiment at the Canfranc underground laboratory: first steps towards a tonne-scale liquid argon time projection chamber for Dark Matter searches

Author

W. Mu, T. Viant, André Rubbia, M. K. Daniel, K. Ngyuen, Paolo Crivelli, S. DiLuise, J. Calvo, F. Sergiampietri, C. Cantini, S. Wu, R. Santorelli, B. Radics, B. Montes, L. Periale, C. Regenfus, A. Gendotti, Y. Quan, S. Horikawa, G. Natterer, L. Romero, and S. Murphy

Subjects
Physics, Dark matter detectors, Time projection chamber, Argon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Canfranc Underground Laboratory, Detector, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Dark matter experiments, chemistry, Weakly interacting massive particles, 0103 physical sciences, Liquid argon, 010306 general physics, ArDM
Abstract

The Argon Dark Matter (ArDM) experiment consists of a liquid argon (LAr) time projection chamber (TPC) sensitive to nuclear recoils, resulting from scattering of hypothetical Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) on argon targets. With an active target mass of 850 kg ArDM represents an important milestone towards developments for large LAr Dark Matter detectors. Here we present the experimental apparatus currently installed underground at the Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc (LSC), Spain. We show data on gaseous or liquid argon targets recorded in 2015 during the commissioning of ArDM in single phase at zero E-field (ArDM Run I). The data confirms the overall good and stable performance of the ArDM tonne-scale LAr detector., Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2017 (3), ISSN:1475-7516

Published
2017

15. Towards a new Liquid Argon Imaging Chamber for the MODULAr project

Author

Alessandro Menegolli, C. Vignoli, F. Pietropaolo, R. Dolfini, F. Varanini, G. Mannocchi, Arnaud Ferrari, Paola Sala, G. Fiorillo, C. Rubbia, A. G. Cocco, Sandro Ventura, G. Meng, F. Cavanna, Angela Fava, C. Montanari, M. Cambiaghi, M. Rossella, S. Centro, A. Gigli Berzolari, A. Rappoldi, P. Benetti, A. Borio, Diego Angeli, G. Satta, L. Periale, K. Cieslik, G. Battistoni, B. Baibussinov, G.L. Raselli, Silvia Muraro, E. Calligarich, D. Gibin, M. Baldo Ceolin, Christian Farnese, P. Picchi, O. Palamara, A. Guglielmi, D., Angeli, B., Baibussinov, M. B., Ceolin, G., Battistoni, P., Benetti, A., Borio, E., Calligarich, M., Cambiaghi, F., Cavanna, S., Centro, K., Cieslik, A. G., Cocco, R., Dolfini, A. G., Berzolari, C., Farnese, A., Fava, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Gibin, A., Guglielmi, G., Mannocchi, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, C., Montanari, S., Muraro, O., Palamara, L., Periale, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, M., Rossella, C., Rubbia, P., Sala, G., Satta, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, and C., Vignoli

Subjects
Liquid detectors, TRANSMISSION, Time projection chambers, Nuclear engineering, ICARUS, Nuclear physics, DESIGN, Particle tracking detectors, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation, WATER CHERENKOV DETECTOR, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Time projection chamber, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, business.industry, Detector, Volume (computing), GRAN-SASSO, Modular design, PERFORMANCE, Massless particle, LIGHT, IONIZING TRACKS, TPC, Neutrino, business, SCINTILLATION, Lepton
Abstract

The MODULAr project foresees the exploitation of a new liquid Argon imaging detector, of at least 20 kt fiducial mass, to be operated in a shallow depth location under the Gran Sasso Mountain. It will be devoted to study neutrino oscillations with an optimized off-axis CNGS neutrino beam. Cosmic neutrinos as well as proton decay will also be addressed. The MODULAr detector will vastly inherit from the technology developed for ICARUS-T600. However, such an increase in the volume over the current ICARUS-T600 needs to be carefully considered. It is concluded that a single, huge volume is an inoperable and uneconomical solution for many reasons. A very large mass is best realized with a modular set of many identical, independent units, each of about 5 kt, "cloning" the basic technology of the ICARUS-T600. Several of such modular units will be assembled to reach at least 20 kt as initial sensitive volume. The increase of the active volume of about one order of magnitude with respect to the ICARUS-T600 detector requires some specific R&D activity, which will be implemented in a similar to 360 ton prototype unit (SLICE) of reduced length.

Published
2009

16. Detection of the UHE Burst from the Crab Nebula on February 23, 1989, from the EAS-TOP Array

Author

W. Fulgione, L. Riccati, C. Cattadori, Carlotta Castagnoli, C. Morello, Giovanni Badino, Piero Vallania, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B. Alssandro, G. Cini, P. L. Ghia, L. Bergamasco, Antonella Castellina, G. Mannocchi, Marco Aglietta, O. Saavedra, P. Galeotti, L. Periale, Gian Carlo Trinchero, S. Vernetto, G. Navarra, M., Aglietta, B., Alssandro, G., Badino, L., Bergamasco, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, C., Cattadori, G., Cini, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, P. L., Ghia, G., Mannocchi, C., Morello, G., Navarra, L., Periale, L., Riccati, O., Saavedra, G. C., Trinchero, P., Vallania, and S., Vernetto

Subjects
Physics, Crab Nebula, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics
Abstract

On February 23, 1989, an excess of counts of > 100 TeV Extensive Air Showers has been recorded from the direction of the Crab Nebula by three independent detectors: Baksan (North Caucasus, USSR), KGF (India) and EAS-TOP (Gran Sasso, Italy). The chance probability of the combined detection is ~ 10-7. We discuss the EAS-TOP observations from the statistical point of view (chance probability ≤ 10-2) and present some phenomenological characteristics of the events.

Published
1991

17. The mass-hierarchy and CP-violation discovery reach of the LBNO long-baseline neutrino experiment

Author

K. Nikolics, S. Narita, D. Duchesneau, J. Lagoda, J.V. Dawson, S. Stoica, P. N. Ratoff, V. A. Matveev, I.M. Brancus, B. Still, Marco Calviani, Ilias Efthymiopoulos, I. Bandac, O. Bésida, Ninetta Saviano, T. Viant, Mario Campanelli, K. Mavrokoridis, O. Caretta, A. Mercadante, R. Steerenberg, Jukka Maalampi, M. G. Catanesi, D. Autiero, S. Di Luise, K. Nguyen, Sigve Haug, Christopher Wiebusch, C. Martin-Mari, A.M. Blebea-Apostu, V. Galymov, M. A.M. Rayner, André Rubbia, S. Emery, E. Scantamburlo, T. Hasegawa, K. K. Loo, F. Di Lodovico, Oleg Mineev, N. J. C. Spooner, Ionel Lazanu, Y. A. Gornushkin, P. Ballett, Yu. G. Kudenko, J. Sarkamo, S. Wu, M. Ravonel, J. Zalipska, M. Zito, Kimmo Kainulainen, A. Tonazzo, M. M. Khabibullin, A. Vorobyev, A. N. Erykalov, L. Epprecht, A. Oprima, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, F. Sergiampietri, E. Pennacchio, Kari Rummukainen, E. Shaposhnikova, A. Saftoiu, Jouni Suhonen, I. Kreslo, D. Stanca, G. Christodoulou, J. Ilic, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Brennan Goddard, A. Bravar, Timo Enqvist, H. Pessard, L. Periale, Paul E. Sterian, Kalevi Mursula, J. De Jong, R. Asfandiyarov, P. Gorodetzky, Andreea Rodica Sterian, E. Mazzucato, J. Dumarchez, R. Sacco, E. Rondio, A. Eliseev, A. Delbart, J. Odell, J. J. Gomez, M. Fitton, Kimmo Tuominen, G. Vankova-Kirilova, M. Pectu, N. McCauley, D. Kryn, Romul Margineanu, H. M. O'Keeffe, T. Kalliokoski, Alexander Finch, J. Marteau, F. Bay, B. Mitrica, Enrico Borriello, F. Sato, Fanouria Antoniou, P. Przewlocki, G.D. Barr, Yu. N. Novikov, M. Slupecki, D. Sgalaberna, S. Murphy, E. Radicioni, Yannis Papaphilippou, S. B. Boyd, R. P. Litchfield, A. Gendotti, Ara Ioannisian, B. A. Popov, Anatoly Kopylov, Lester D.R. Thompson, Oana Ristea, D. Chesneanu, S. Horikawa, Helmut Vincke, Pasi Kuusiniemi, M. Murdoch, B. Andrieu, Alessandro Mirizzi, M. Sorel, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, M. Quinto, L. Chaussard, M. Valram, Marc Weber, Y. Declais, P. Loveridge, Genady Gavrilov, F. Chipesiu, R. Terri, F. Vanucci, Silvia Pascoli, M. Szeptycka, Gareth J. Barker, V. Palladino, Paolo Crivelli, T. Davenne, Alexandru Jipa, M. Hierholzer, C. Touramanis, G. Toma, Kari Enqvist, T. Patzak, Antonio Ereditato, N. Yershov, J. Kumpulainen, A. Korzenev, S. Kosyanenko, J. P. Coleman, Thomas Strauss, Y. A. Ramachers, F. Resnati, C. Densham, M. D. Haigh, A. Izmaylov, T. Esanu, Akitaka Ariga, A. C. Weber, D. Angus, A. N. Khotjantsev, R. Tsenov, A. Cervera, Y. Karadzhov, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Hissa, M. Bogomilov, Sanjukta Chakraborty, Katri Huitu, Achim Stahl, P. Del Amo Sanchez, C. Cantini, N. Grant, J.-M. Lévy, D. Franco, L. Agostino, D. Payne, A. Haesler, V. Suvorov, G. Cata-Danil, Vincenzo Berardi, Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla, Etam Noah, B. Morgan, M. Calin, Tomoko Ariga, M. Buizza-Avanzini, Arnaud Robert, G. Vasseur, Dmitrii Nesterenko, A. Blondel, P. Velten, Claudia Gomoiu, Jiro Kawada, I. De Bonis, W. Bartmann, D. L. Wark, M. Aittola, J. R. Wilson, E. Kokko, Debjyoti Banerjee, F. Cafagna, Ken Sakashita, Francesco Velotti, Antonin Vacheret, A. Alekou, Ari Virtanen, L. L. Kormos, C. Pistillo, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP) (-2009), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Asfandiyarov, Ruslan, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Haesler, Alexis, Karadzhov, Yordan Ivanov, Korzenev, Alexander, Martin Mari, Carlos, Noah Messomo, Etam Albert, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Rayner, Mark, Scantamburlo, Enrico, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Palladino, Vittorio

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, far detector, kaukoputket ja teleskoopit, 7. Clean energy, violation [CP], CP violation, Neutrino Detectors and Telescopes, Oscillation, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Observatory, mass: hierarchy [neutrino], detector [neutrino], QC, Physics, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, magnetization [iron], oscillation [neutrino], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, liquid argon [time projection chamber], Neutrino, Particle physics, CERN Lab, 530 Physics, education, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, oscillation [flavor], 114 Physical sciences, Nuclear physics, phase space, near detector, statistical analysis, iron [calorimeter], Particle Physics - Phenomenology, Astroparticle physics, ta114, Física, flavor [neutrino], CP [phase], CERN SPS, MODEL, proposed [observatory], 13. Climate action, Phase space, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], gas [argon], beam [neutrino], High Energy Physics::Experiment, MATTER, neutrino detectors
Abstract

The next generation neutrino observatory proposed by the LBNO collaboration will address fundamental questions in particle and astroparticle physics. The experiment consists of a far detector, in its first stage a 20 kt LAr double phase TPC and a magnetised iron calorimeter, situated at 2300 km from CERN and a near detector based on a high-pressure argon gas TPC. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the $L/E$ behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from $\delta_{CP}$ and matter. In this paper we have reevaluated the physics potential of this setup for determining the mass hierarchy (MH) and discovering CP-violation (CPV), using a conventional neutrino beam from the CERN SPS with a power of 750 kW. We use conservative assumptions on the knowledge of oscillation parameter priors and systematic uncertainties. The impact of each systematic error and the precision of oscillation prior is shown. We demonstrate that the first stage of LBNO can determine unambiguously the MH to $>5\sigma$C.L. over the whole phase space. We show that the statistical treatment of the experiment is of very high importance, resulting in the conclusion that LBNO has $\sim$ 100% probability to determine the MH in at most 4-5 years of running. Since the knowledge of MH is indispensable to extract $\delta_{CP}$ from the data, the first LBNO phase can convincingly give evidence for CPV on the $3\sigma$C.L. using today's knowledge on oscillation parameters and realistic assumptions on the systematic uncertainties., Comment: 35 pages, 22 figures, added authors

Published
2014

18. Study of the c.r. composition and interaction at E0 = 10 – 100 TeV from the observation of H.E. muons and atmospheric Cherenkov light in EAS

Author

F. Gomez Serito, L. Pinsky, G.T. Zatsepin, A. Turtelli, A. De Silva, P. V. Korchaguin, B. Alessandro, R. Nania, A. Contin, A. Megna, L. G. Dos Santos, G. Badino, F. Cindolo, J.A. Chinellato, C. Morello, N. Inoue, M. Selvi, G.C. Trinchero, K. Lau, F. Arneodo, E.D. Alyea, V.S. Berezinsky, A. Chiavassa, A. Bosco, V.P. Talochkin, V. G. Ryasny, P. Dominici, R. Granella, F. F. Khalchukov, M. Basile, Antonella Castellina, E. S. Hafen, V. A. Kudryavtsev, R. Bertoni, G. Sartorelli, R. I. Enikeev, I. Yamamoto, P. Vallania, J. Moromisato, G. Cara Romeo, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, R. Weinstein, P. Picchi, G. Cini Castagnoli, G. Bari, G. Vigorito, F. Grianti, E. von Goeler, A. Zichichi, L. Emaldi, A. Pesci, I.A. Pless, O. Saavedra, G. Navarra, N. Mengotti Silva, S. Vernetto, P. Giusti, G. Mannocchi, J. Pyrlik, L. Periale, V. L. Dadykin, V. B. Korchaguin, T. Wada, O.G. Ryazhskaya, N. Taborgna, G. Bonoli, G. Conforto, M. E. Bertaina, J. Tang, L. Panaro, M. Luvisetto, Marco Aglietta, F. Bersani, M. Widgoff, R. Mantovani, S. Santini, B. Alpat, G. Guidi, P. b. Ghia, V.F. Yakushev, E. Kemp, Giuseppe Iacobucci, I. Uman, F. Vetrano, M. Deutsch, G. Maccarone, W. Fulgione, C. Castagnoli, F. L. Fabbri, K. Saitoh, A. S. Malguin, C. Ghetti, S. Tsuji, L. Votano, G. Van Buren, E. V. Korolkova, P. Haridas, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, M. Iacovacci, G. Di Sciascio, T. Massam, G. Bruni, L. Bergamasco, P. Galeotti, B. Mayes, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, B., Alpat, E. D., Alyea, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, G., Badino, G., Bari, M., Basile, V. S., Berezinsky, L., Bergamasco, F., Bersani, M., Bertaina, R., Bertoni, G., Bonoli, A., Bosco, G., Bruni, G. C., Romeo, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, G. C., Castagnoli, J. A., Chinellato, L., Cifarelli, F., Cindolo, G., Conforto, A., Contin, V. L., Dadykin, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, A. D., Silva, M., Deutsch, G. D., Sciascio, P., Dominici, L. G., Do, L., Emaldi, R. I., Enikeev, F. L., Fabbri, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, C., Ghetti, P., Ghia, P., Giusti, F. G., Serito, R., Granella, F., Grianti, G., Guidi, E. S., Hafen, P., Harida, G., Iacobucci, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Inoue, E., Kemp, F. F., Khalchukov, E. V., Korolkova, P. V., Korchaguin, V. B., Korchaguin, V. A., Kudryavtsev, K., Lau, M., Luvisetto, G., Maccarone, A. S., Malguin, G., Mannocchi, R., Mantovani, T., Massam, B., Maye, A., Megna, N. M., Silva, C., Morello, J., Moromisato, R., Nania, G., Navarra, L., Panaro, L., Periale, A., Pesci, P., Picchi, L., Pinsky, I. A., Ple, J., Pyrlik, V. G., Ryasny, O. G., Ryazhskaya, O., Saavedra, K., Saitoh, S., Santini, G., Sartorelli, M., Selvi, N., Taborgna, V. P., Talochkin, J., Tang, G. C., Trinchero, S., Tsuji, A., Turtelli, I., Uman, P., Vallania, G. V., Buren, S., Vernetto, F., Vetrano, C., Vigorito, E. v., Goeler, L., Votano, T., Wada, R., Weinstein, M., Widgoff, V. F., Yakushev, I., Yamamoto, G. T., Zatsepin, and A., Zichichi

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, GRAN SASSO, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, Muon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Threshold energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, DETECTOR, Cherenkov radiation, Lepton
Abstract

In the energy region 10 - 100 TeV both the c.r. composition from direct measurements and the cross section for high energy secondary production in the very forward region for p-air interactions are rather uncertain. Contemporaneous measurements of the total energy and of the threshold energy/nucleon of the primary particle can be provided by the atmospheric Cherenkov light and high energy muons. These measurements are performed by the combined operation of the Cherenkov array of the EAS-TOP experiment on the surface (810 gcm(2) atmospheric depth) and of the LVD experiment in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratories (3300 m w.e.; E-mu(th) = 1.3 TeV) leading to the measurement of < N-mu > (E-mu > 1.3 TeV, E-o) in the given energy range. The combined operation of the experiments and preliminary results are reported.

Published
1999

19. The ICARUS liquid argon time projection chamber

Author

P. Cennini, A. Gigli Berzolari, J. Ma, Paola Sala, S. Zheng, S. Centro, E. Calligarich, F. Pietropaolo, Sandro Ventura, F. Lu, G. Piano Mortari, David B. Cline, Chao Zhang, A. Kruse, G. Meng, J. Rico, X. Huan, R. Brunetti, Antonio Bueno, F. Cavanna, Q. Zhang, G. Nurzia, F. Mauri, A. Cesana, C. Vignoli, G. Xu, C. Rossi, C. Matthey, Hui Wang, A. Piazzoli, C. Montanari, J. Woo, K. He, A. Rappoldi, S. Suzuki, S. Petrera, D. Mazza, Mario Campanelli, Z. Li, Z. Xu, R. Dolfini, B. Baiboussinov, Massimo Rossella, P. Torre, Youngho Seo, F. Sergiampietri, P. Goudsmit, C. Carpanese, P. Benetti, F. Arneodo, Elisa Bernardini, Chang Chen, G.L. Raselli, Yi-Chun Chen, P. Picchi, T. Rancati, D. A. Scannicchio, D. Pascoli, G. Battistoni, S. Otwinowski, Arnaud Ferrari, André Rubbia, L. Periale, C. Rubbia, A. Badertscher, L. Mazzone, A. Borio di Tigliole, M. Terrani, O. Palamara, and D. Cavalli

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Liquid argon time projection chamber, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Argon, Time projection chamber, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Particle detector, Imaging, chemistry, Measuring instrument, Liquid argon, Instrumentation
Abstract

Years of R&D allowed the overcoming of the main technological problems in the establishment of the ICARUS technology. A major step of the ICARUS scientific program has been the construction and testing of a 10 m3 prototype, which paved the way for the installation of the first 600 t ICARUS module. We present a summary of the basic principles of the ICARUS technique and some of the events collected exposing the 10 m3 module to cosmic rays at LNGS, from February to May 2000.

Published
2001

20. Upper limits to low energy $\bar\nu_\mathrm{e}$ flux from GRB 990705

Author

E. V. Korolkova, Rosario Nania, L. G. Dos Santos, M. Selvi, Marco Aglietta, P. Vallania, A. Chiavassa, Pietro Antonioli, Luisa Cifarelli, F. Bersani, G. Cara Romeo, Antonella Castellina, V. L. Dadykin, L. Periale, M. Widgoff, V. B. Korchaguin, M. E. Bertaina, E. D. Alyea, L. Votano, P. L. Ghia, E. Kemp, I. A. Pless, N. Mengotti Silva, Antonino Zichichi, P. Galeotti, Roy Weinstein, F. Cindolo, K. Saitoh, Jose Chinellato, P. V. Korchaguin, P. Picchi, A. Pesci, S. Vernetto, G. T. Zatsepin, V. G. Ryasny, M. Luvisetto, F. F. Khalchukov, Gabriella Sartorelli, R. Bertoni, O. G. Ryazhskaya, Andrea Contin, A. S. Malguin, Tomonori Wada, G. Bruni, G. Bari, Carlo Vigorito, V. S. Berezinsky, V. F. Yakushev, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Nobusuke Takahashi, T. Massam, C. Castagnoli, Isao Yamamoto, Giovanni Badino, P. Giusti, C. Morello, W. Fulgione, G. C. Trinchero, Giuseppe Iacobucci, F. Grianti, R. I. Enikeev, G. Navarra, O. Saavedra, V. P. Talochkin, M. Basile, A. Turtelli, S. Tsuji, and N. Taborgna

Subjects
Physics, Low energy, Space and Planetary Science, Bar (music), Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray burst
Published
2001

21. A new, very massive modular Liquid Argon Imaging Chamber to detect low energy off-axis neutrinos from the CNGS beam (Project MODULAr)

Author

G. Meng, B. Baibussinov, M. Baldo Ceolin, F. Pietropaolo, C. Vignoli, Christian Farnese, D. Gibin, A. Borio, P. Benetti, Massimo Rossella, F. Mauri, M. Cambiaghi, Sandro Ventura, Paola Sala, G. Satta, C. Montanari, G. Fiorillo, C. Rubbia, P. Picchi, A. G. Cocco, L. Periale, O. Palamara, A. Gigli Berzolari, A. Guglielmi, A. Ferrari, Alessandro Menegolli, G.L. Raselli, R. Dolfini, F. Varanini, A. Rappoldi, F. Cavanna, G. Mannocchi, G. Battistoni, E. Calligarich, Angela Fava, S. Centro, B., Baibussinov, M. B., Ceolin, G., Battistoni, P., Benetti, A., Borio, E., Calligarich, M., Cambiaghi, F., Cavanna, S., Centro, A. G., Cocco, R., Dolfini, A. G., Berzolari, C., Farnese, A., Fava, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Gibin, A., Guglielmi, G., Mannocchi, F., Mauri, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, C., Montanari, O., Palamara, L., Periale, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, M., Rossella, C., Rubbia, P., Sala, G., Satta, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, and C., Vignoli

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Proton decay, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, LONG-BASE-LINE, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), SEARCH, OSCILLATIONS, Bubble chamber, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The paper is considering an opportunity for the CERN/GranSasso (CNGS) neutrino complex, concurrent time-wise with T2K and NOvA, to search for theta_13 oscillations and CP violation. Compared with large water Cherenkov (T2K) and fine grained scintillators (NOvA), the LAr-TPC offers a higher detection efficiency and a lower backgrounds, since virtually all channels may be unambiguously recognized. The present proposal, called MODULAr, describes a 20 kt fiducial volume LAr-TPC, following very closely the technology developed for the ICARUS-T60o, and is focused on the following activities, for which we seek an extended international collaboration: (1) the neutrino beam from the CERN 400 GeV proton beam and an optimised horn focussing, eventually with an increased intensity in the framework of the LHC accelerator improvement program; (2) A new experimental area LNGS-B, of at least 50000 m3 at 10 km off-axis from the main Laboratory, eventually upgradable to larger sizes. A location is under consideration at about 1.2 km equivalent water depth; (3) A new LAr Imaging detector of at least 20 kt fiducial mass. Such an increase in the volume over the current ICARUS T600 needs to be carefully considered. It is concluded that a very large mass is best realised with a set of many identical, independent units, each of 5 kt, "cloning" the technology of the T600. Further phases may foresee extensions of MODULAr to meet future physics goals. The experiment might reasonably be operational in about 4/5 years, provided a new hall is excavated in the vicinity of the Gran Sasso Laboratory and adequate funding and participation are made available., Comment: Correspondig Author: C. Rubbia (E-mail: Carlo.Rubbia@cern.ch), 33 pages, 11 figures

Published
2008

22. Long-term operation of a double phase LAr LEM Time Projection Chamber with a simplified anode and extraction-grid design

Author

T. Viant, L. Epprecht, G. Natterer, S. Horikawa, S. Wu, L. Periale, F. Sergiampietri, C. Cantini, F. Resnati, A. Gendotti, André Rubbia, and S. Murphy

Subjects
Materials science, Time projection chamber, Muon, Argon, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Electron multiplier, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Noise (electronics), Particle detector, Optics, chemistry, Electric field, business, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

We report on the successful operation of a double phase Liquid Argon Large Electron Multiplier Time Projection Chamber (LAr LEM-TPC) equipped with two dimensional projective anodes with dimensions 10$\times$10 cm$^2$, and with a maximum drift length of 21 cm. The anodes were manufactured for the first time from a single multilayer printed circuit board (PCB). Various layouts of the readout views have been tested and optimised. In addition, the ionisation charge was efficiently extracted from the liquid to the gas phase with a single grid instead of two previously. We studied the response and the gain of the detector to cosmic muon tracks. To study long-term stability over several weeks, we continuously operated the chamber at fixed electric field settings. We reproducibly observe that after an initial decrease with a characteristic time of $\tau\approx 1.6$ days, the observed gain is stable. In 46 days of operation, a total of 14.6 million triggers have been collected at a stable effective gain of $G_\infty\sim 15$ corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio $(S/N)\gtrsim 60$ for minimum ionising tracks. During the full period, eight discharges across the LEM were observed. A maximum effective gain of 90 was also observed, corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio $(S/N)\gtrsim 400$ for minimum ionising tracks, or $S/N\approx10$ for an energy deposition of 15 keV on a single readout channel., Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures

Published
2013

23. A WIMP detector with two-phase xenon

Author

P. Picchi, G. Mannocchi, A Lamarina, J Woo, David B. Cline, Hui Wang, S. Otwinowski, R Periale, L. Periale, F. Pietropaolo, and A. Curioni

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Double phase, Xenon, WIMP, chemistry, Detector, Dark matter, Phase (waves), Underground laboratory, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Sensitivity (control systems)
Abstract

We describe an important new technique to search for WIMPs. This technique employs a method of background discrimination using double phase xenon as detector target. We describe the construction of a two-phase, 1-kg xenon detector. The detector will be installed at the underground laboratory in the Mt. Blanc tunnel, which provides a low background rate. A comparison between the sensitivity curve of our detector and the theoretical events limit from SUSY calculations is presented.

Published
2000

24. ICARUS. A status report

Author

David B. Cline, P. Torre, P. Cennini, P. Picchi, Paola Sala, Z. Xu, M. Nicoletto, F. Cavanna, L. Periale, Silvia Resconi, Yi Chen, A. Piazzoli, J. Ma, M. Terrani, Hui Wang, S. Zheng, E. Calligarich, Massimo Rossella, Alessandro Bettini, R. Dolfini, Chao Zhang, F. Arneodo, F. Mauri, C. Vignoli, Q. Zhang, L. Mazzone, G. Piano-Mortari, D. Pascoli, C. Rubbia, J. Woo, A. Benetti, S. Parlati, C. Carpanese, K. He, D. A. Scannicchio, F. Sergiampietri, F. Pietropaolo, A. Cesana, Z. Li, F. Lu, A. Borio, P. Benetti, X.P. Huang, M. Verdecchia, J. P. Revol, S. Otwinowski, G. Xu, D. Cavalli, C. Montanari, André Rubbia, A. Pepato, Chang Chen, G.L. Raselli, Andrea Ferrari, Sandro Ventura, C. Rossi, A. Rappoldi, Shingo Suzuki, G. Mannocchi, S. Centro, and A. Gigli Berzolari

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, business.industry, Liquid argon, Aerospace engineering, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Status report, business, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Simulation
Abstract

The latest evolutions of the ICARUS project are reviewed. During the present year the collaboration has been heavily involved into the construction of the first full scale prototypes of the 600 ton ICARUS detector. Cryogenic and purification tests as well as mechanical tests on a wires chamber module, are presently under completion. No major problems were found and we foresee to be ready for the commissioning of the major detector components by the end of the present year. Also, the Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation program has been subject to a rapid acceleration. Following our formal proposal, submitted and approved at the beginning of this year by the CERN SPSLC, a working group has been formed to study the details of the beam and a sensitive program has been formulated by which first neutrinos can be sent to the Gran Sasso at the end of year 2001.

Published
1999

25. Characterization of ETL 9357FLA photomultiplier tubes for cryogenic temperature applications

Author

F. Sergiampietri, J. Stepaniak, E. Rondio, G. Bucciarelli, Jan T. Sobczyk, T. Kozłowski, P. Przewlocki, A. Rappoldi, Paola Sala, F. Pietropaolo, M. C. Prata, L. Periale, F. Cavanna, Artur M. Ankowski, A. Melgarejo, Hui Wang, I. Gil-Botella, G. Fiorillo, Alfredo G. Cocco, Alessandro Menegolli, M. Baldo Ceolin, M. Bischofberger, R. Brunetti, M. C. Carmona, E. Segreto, X. Yang, R. Santorelli, Michele Prata, F. Arneodo, S. Centro, D. Garcia-Gamez, J. Łagoda, A. M. Szelc, C. De Vecchi, J. A. Nowak, A. Borio di Tigliole, C. Vignoli, M. Messina, G. Meng, D. Gibin, A. Di Cicco, G. Battistoni, L. Grandi, Youngho Seo, A. D. Ferella, Z. Dai, S. Navas-Concha, Alessandra Cesana, A. Piazzoli, R. Dolfini, F. Varanini, Jan Kisiel, Antonio Bueno, Sebastian Stach, B. Baiboussinov, K. Cieślik, David B. Cline, A. Zalewska, Massimo Rossella, F. Mauri, G.L. Raselli, Y. Ge, P. Picchi, Silvia Muraro, P. Aprili, G. Piano Mortari, J. Lozano, Sandro Ventura, A. Badertscher, S. Otwinowski, F. Carbonara, M. Markiewicz, D. Kielczewska, C. Rubbia, B. Lisowski, A. Dabrowska, Cezary Juszczak, A. Ereditato, D. A. Scannicchio, M. Antonello, Mario Terrani, C. Montanari, M. Laffranchi, R. Sulej, Arnaud Ferrari, C. Matthey, W. Półchłopek, André Rubbia, P. Benetti, Krzysztof M. Graczyk, J. Holeczek, A. Gigli Berzolari, E. Calligarich, A. Martinez de la Ossa, M. Szeptycka, A. Guglielmi, M. Szarska, O. Palamara, P. Cennini, A., Ankowski, M., Antonello, P., Aprili, F., Arneodo, A., Badertscher, B., Baiboussinov, M. B., Ceolin, G., Battistoni, P., Benetti, M., Bischofberger, A. B., Di, R., Brunetti, G., Bucciarelli, A., Bueno, E., Calligarich, Carbonara, Francesco, M. C., Carmona, F., Cavanna, P., Cennini, S., Centro, A., Cesana, D. B., Cline, K., Cieslik, A. G., Cocco, Z., Dai, C. D., Vecchi, A., Dabrowska, A. D., Cicco, R., Dolfini, A., Ereditato, A., Ferella, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Garcia Gamez, Y., Ge, D., Gibin, A. G., Berzolari, I., Gil Botella, K., Graczyk, L., Grandi, A., Guglielmi, J., Holeczek, C., Juszczak, D., Kielczewska, J., Kisiel, T., Kozlowski, M., Laffranchi, J., Lagoda, B., Lisowski, J., Lozano, M., Markiewicz, A. M., De, C., Matthey, F., Mauri, A. J., Melgarejo, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, M., Messina, C., Montanari, S., Muraro, S., Navas Concha, J., Nowak, S., Otwinowski, O., Palamara, L., Periale, G. P., Mortari, A., Piazzoli, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, W., Polchlopek, M., Prata, M. C., Prata, P., Przewlocki, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, E., Roddio, M., Rossella, A., Rubbia, C., Rubbia, P. R., Sala, R., Santorelli, D., Scannicchio, E., Segreto, Y., Seo, F., Sergiampietri, J., Sobczyk, S., Stach, J., Stepaniak, R., Sulej, M., Szeptycka, M., Szarska, A., Szelc, M., Terrani, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, C., Vignoli, H., Wang, X., Yang, and A., Zalewska

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Cryogenics, photomultipliers, Particle detector, Cathode, law.invention, Optics, LIGHT, law, Scintillation counter, Measuring instrument, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

We carried out a careful evaluation of the performance of the large cathode area ETL 9357FLA photomultiplier tube operating at cryogenic temperature. The measurements were focused on evaluating the parameters which mainly characterize the operating performances of the device down to 77 K and the spread of the distinctive features over 54 samples assembled in the ICARUS apparatus. The results that we obtained demonstrate that the photomultiplier is suited for light detection in such unconventional operating conditions, certifying this device for the direct measurement of scintillation light coming from noble-gas liquids in detectors dedicated to neutrino physics and dark matter research. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2006

26. Measurement of Through-Going Particle Momentum By Means Of Multiple Scattering With The ICARUS T600 TPC

Author

A. Ankowski, M. Antonello, P. Aprili, F. Arneodo, A. Badertscher, B. Baiboussinov, M. B. Ceolin, G. Battistoni, P. Benetti, A. B. Tigliole, R. Brunetti, A. Bueno, E. Calligarich, F. Carbonara, M. C. Carmona, F. Cavanna, P. Cennini, S. Centro, A. Cesana, D. B. Cline, K. Cieslik, A. G. Cocco, C. D. Vecchi, A. Dabrowska, A. D. Cicco, R. Dolfini, A. Ereditato, A. Ferrari, D. Garcia Gamez, Y. Ge, D. Gibin, A. G. Berzolari, I. Gil Botella, K. Graczyk, L. Grandi, A. Guglielmi, J. Holeczek, D. Kielczewska, J. Kisiel, T. Kozlowski, M. Laffranchi, J. Lagoda, B. Lisowski, J. Lozano, M. Markiewicz, A. M. de, C. Matthey, F. Mauri, A. J. Melgarejo, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, M. Messina, P. Mijakowski, C. Montanari, S. Muraro, S. Navas, J. Nowak, S. Otwinowski, O. Palamara, L. Periale, G. P. Mortari, A. Piazzoli, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, W. Polchlopek, M. Posiadala, M. Prata, M. C. Prata, P. Przewlocki, A. Rappoldi, G. L. Raselli, E. Rondio, M. Rossella, B. Rossi, A. Rubbia, C. Rubbia, P. R. Sala, D. Scannicchio, E. Segreto, Y. Seo, F. Sergiampietri, J. Sobczyk, D. Stefan, J. Stepaniak, R. Sulej, M. Szeptycka, M. Szarska, M. Terrani, F. Varanini, S. Ventura, C. Vignoli, T. Wachala, H. Wang, X. Yang, A. Zalewska, FIORILLO, GIULIANA, A., Ankowski, M., Antonello, P., Aprili, F., Arneodo, A., Badertscher, B., Baiboussinov, M. B., Ceolin, G., Battistoni, P., Benetti, A. B., Tigliole, R., Brunetti, A., Bueno, E., Calligarich, F., Carbonara, M. C., Carmona, F., Cavanna, P., Cennini, S., Centro, A., Cesana, D. B., Cline, K., Cieslik, A. G., Cocco, C. D., Vecchi, A., Dabrowska, A. D., Cicco, R., Dolfini, A., Ereditato, A., Ferrari, Fiorillo, Giuliana, D., Garcia Gamez, Y., Ge, D., Gibin, A. G., Berzolari, I., Gil Botella, K., Graczyk, L., Grandi, A., Guglielmi, J., Holeczek, D., Kielczewska, J., Kisiel, T., Kozlowski, M., Laffranchi, J., Lagoda, B., Lisowski, J., Lozano, M., Markiewicz, A. M., De, C., Matthey, F., Mauri, A. J., Melgarejo, A., Menegolli, G., Meng, M., Messina, P., Mijakowski, C., Montanari, S., Muraro, S., Nava, J., Nowak, S., Otwinowski, O., Palamara, L., Periale, G. P., Mortari, A., Piazzoli, P., Picchi, F., Pietropaolo, W., Polchlopek, M., Posiadala, M., Prata, M. C., Prata, P., Przewlocki, A., Rappoldi, G. L., Raselli, E., Rondio, M., Rossella, B., Rossi, A., Rubbia, C., Rubbia, P. R., Sala, D., Scannicchio, E., Segreto, Y., Seo, F., Sergiampietri, J., Sobczyk, D., Stefan, J., Stepaniak, R., Sulej, M., Szeptycka, M., Szarska, M., Terrani, F., Varanini, S., Ventura, C., Vignoli, T., Wachala, H., Wang, X., Yang, and A., Zalewska

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Scattering, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Standard Model, Computational physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Momentum, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), LIGHT, LIQUID ARGON, Rare events, High Energy Physics::Experiment, IONIZING TRACKS, Engineering (miscellaneous), Charged current, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The ICARUS collaboration has demonstrated, following the operation of a 600 ton (T600) detector at shallow depth, that the technique based on liquid Argon TPCs is now mature. The study of rare events, not contemplated in the Standard Model, can greatly benefit from the use of this kind of detectors. In particular, a deeper understanding of atmospheric neutrino properties will be obtained thanks to the unprecedented quality of the data ICARUS provides. However if we concentrate on the T600 performance, most of the $\nu_\mu$ charged current sample will be partially contained, due to the reduced dimensions of the detector. In this article, we address the problem of how well we can determine the kinematics of events having partially contained tracks. The analysis of a large sample of atmospheric muons collected during the T600 test run demonstrate that, in case the recorded track is at least one meter long, the muon momentum can be reconstructed by an algorithm that measures the Multiple Coulomb Scattering along the particle's path. Moreover, we show that momentum resolution can be improved by a factor two using an algorithm based on the Kalman Filtering technique. The ICARUS collaboration has demonstrated, following the operation of a 600 ton (T600) detector at shallow depth, that the technique based on liquid Argon TPCs is now mature. The study of rare events, not contemplated in the Standard Model, can greatly benefit from the use of this kind of detectors. In particular, a deeper understanding of atmospheric neutrino properties will be obtained thanks to the unprecedented quality of the data ICARUS provides. However if we concentrate on the T600 performance, most of the $\nu_\mu$ charged current sample will be partially contained, due to the reduced dimensions of the detector. In this article, we address the problem of how well we can determine the kinematics of events having partially contained tracks. The analysis of a large sample of atmospheric muons collected during the T600 test run demonstrate that, in case the recorded track is at least one meter long, the muon momentum can be reconstructed by an algorithm that measures the Multiple Coulomb Scattering along the particle's path. Moreover, we show that momentum resolution can be improved by a factor two using an algorithm based on the Kalman Filtering technique.

Published
2006

27. Performance evaluation of a hit finding algorithm for the ICARUS detector

Author

R. Dolfini, A. Piazzoli, P. Cennini, C. Carpanese, Massimo Rossella, Paola Sala, F. Arneodo, C. Rubbia, S. Centro, G. Xu, L. Mazzone, J. P. Revol, C. Montanari, F. Sergiampietri, C. Vignoli, Alessandro Bettini, M. Verdecchia, Hui Wang, Paola Torre, A. Gigli Berzolari, F. Mauri, Z. Xu, Q. Zhang, F. Lu, S. Parlati, P. Benetti, F. Pietropaolo, Sandro Ventura, M. Nicoletto, Silvia Resconi, Chao Zhang, S. Otwinowski, F. Cavanna, A. Pepato, G. Piano Mortari, J. Woo, K. He, A. Cesana, Z. Li, A. Borio, J. Ma, S. Zheng, E. Calligarich, Yi Chen, D. A. Scannicchio, D. Pascoli, G. Mannocchi, C. Rossi, I. De Mitri, A. Rappoldi, Chang Chen, G.L. Raselli, Shingo Suzuki, David B. Cline, M. Terrani, P. Picchi, A. Ferrari, D. Cavalli, L. Periale, and X.P. Huang

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Robustness (computer science), Detector, Cosmic ray, Raw data, Instrumentation, Algorithm, Data reduction
Abstract

A procedure to filter the ICARUS digitized data is presented. The final multi-kiloton detector will provide raw data at a rate of the order of 100 Gbytes/s and therefore a crucial element of the acquisition chain will be the on-line data reduction system. A filter has been developed to process the signals and to tag the meaningful data. The hit detection efficiency has been evaluated on a sample of signals obtained from cosmic rays events in the 3 t ICARUS prototype. Its robustness has been tested also on simulated events with different signal to noise ratio. The hit finder hardware implementation is also presented.

Published
1998

28. The liquid argon TPC for the ICARUS experiment

Author

G. Mannocchi, S. Otwinowski, P. Picchi, A. Pepato, P. Cennini, Paola Sala, M. Terrani, C. Rossi, E. Calligarich, P. Benetti, C. Carpanese, A. Rappoldi, A. Borio, F. Casagrande, P. Torre, F. Arneodo, L. Periale, David B. Cline, J. P. Revol, H. Wang, E. Cesana, S. Centro, F. Cavanna, G. Piano Mortari, D. Cavalli, C. Vignoli, D. A. Scannicchio, C. Rubbia, Silvia Resconi, D. Pascoli, F. Sergiampietri, Alessandro Bettini, M. Verdecchia, Sandro Ventura, Andrea Ferrari, Massimo Rossella, G.L. Raselli, F. Mauri, S. Parlati, F. Pietropaolo, R. Dolfini, S. Suzuki, A. Gigli Berzolari, C. Montanari, and A. Piazzoli

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Proton decay, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Solar neutrino, Detector, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Nuclear physics, Physical phenomena, Liquid argon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The ICARUS project aims at the realisation of a large liquid argon TPC to be run at the Underground Laboratories of Gran Sasso in Italy. An intense R&D activity has put on firm grounds this new detector technology and experimentally confirmed its feasibility on a few ton scale. Based on these solid achievements, the collaboration is now confident of being able to build and safely operate a multi-kton detector. The reseach program of the experiment involves the systematic study of a wide spectrum of physical phenomena covering many orders of magnitude in the energy deposited in the detector: from the few MeV of solar neutrino interactions, to the about one GeV of the proton decay and atmospheric neutrinos, up to the higher energies of neutrinos from accelerators.

Published
1997

29. ArDM: first results from underground commissioning

Author

S. Ravat, A. Gendotti, T. Viant, C. Cantini, L. Knecht, S. Wu, N. Bourgeois, F. Resnati, K. Nguyen, F. Bay, A. Curioni, K. Nikolics, André Rubbia, L Romero, R. Santorelli, F. Sergiampietri, S. Murphy, G. Maire, B. Montes, D. Lussi, M. K. Daniel, A. Badertscher, S. Di Luise, L. Periale, L. Epprecht, G. Natterer, U. Degunda, S. Horikawa, and D. Sgalaberna

Subjects
Noble-liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization two-phase), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.), Cryogenic detectors, Time projection Chambers (TPC), Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, WIMP, 0103 physical sciences, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Scintillation, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Argon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), chemistry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ArDM
Abstract

The Argon Dark Matter experiment is a ton-scale double phase argon Time Projection Chamber designed for direct Dark Matter searches. It combines the detection of scintillation light together with the ionisation charge in order to discriminate the background (electron recoils) from the WIMP signals (nuclear recoils). After a successful operation on surface at CERN, the detector was recently installed in the underground Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, and the commissioning phase is ongoing. We describe the status of the installation and present first results from data collected underground with the detector filled with gas argon at room temperature., Journal of Instrumentation, 8 (9), ISSN:1748-0221

Published
2013

30. Search for low-energy νe, μ, τ and $$\bar \nu _{e,\mu ,\tau } $$ in coincidence with BATSE gamma-ray burstsin coincidence with BATSE gamma-ray bursts

Author

F. F. Khalchukov, G. Trinchero, S. Vernetto, V. G. Ryassny, G. T. Zatsepin, P. Antonioli, V. L. Dadykin, V. B. Kortchaguin, Giovanni Badino, G. Marchetti, P. V. Kortchaguin, Antonella Castellina, Marco Aglietta, O. Saavedra, O. G. Ryazhskaya, G. C. Castagnoli, P. Galeotti, Carlo Vigorito, W. Fulgione, V. F. Yakushev, L. Periale, G. Bologna, V. A. Kudryavtsev, A. S. Malguin, and E. V. Korolkova

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Coincidence, law.invention, Telescope, Nuclear physics, law, Observatory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Gamma-ray burst, Bar (unit)
Abstract

Since neutrinos and gamma-rays productions are often associated in many astrophysical processes, the detection of neutrinos in correlation with γ-ray bursts (GRBs) could be a very important step towards the discovery of the sources of these events. A search for low-energy neutrinos of all flavours in correlation with ≈ 200 γ-ray bursts detected by BATSE aboard the Compton Observatory has been performed by the LSD (Liquid-Scintillator Detector) neutrino telescope. This kind of telescope, differently from the water Cerenkov detectors, is also sensitive to νμ, τ and\(\bar \nu _{\mu , \tau } \) fluxes, through the charged-and neutral-current interactions of neutrinos with carbon nuclei. No νe, μ, τ or\(\bar \nu _{e,\mu ,\tau } \) candidate has been detected by LSD during the time interval in which BATSE detected 90% of the photon flux for any of the GRBs analysed. The corresponding upper limits to the neutrino fluxes, summed over 197 GRBs, are:\(F(\bar \nu _e ) \leqslant 1.5 \cdot 10^{11} cm^{ - 2} \), 9≤Eν≤50 MeV,\(F(\bar \nu _e ) \leqslant 2.5 \cdot 10^{10} cm^{ - 2} \), 20≤Eν≤50 MeV,F(νe)≤5.1·1011 cm−2, 25≤Eν ≤50 MeV,F(νμ, τ)≤7.5·1012 cm−2, 20≤Eν≤100 MeV,\(F(\bar \nu _{\mu , \tau } ) \leqslant 7.9 \cdot 10^{12} cm^{ - 2} \), 20≤Eν≤100 MeV.

Published
1995

31. On atmospheric 39Ar and 42Ar abundance

Author

L. Periale, M. Verdecchia, A. Cesana, P. Benetti, M. Terrani, Hui Wang, David B. Cline, C. De Vecchi, S. Otwinowski, G. Muratori, F. Cavanna, A. Pepato, G. Piano Mortari, P. Cennini, D. A. Scannicchio, S. Centro, E. Calligarich, A. Piazzoli, Sandro Ventura, C. Rubbia, A. Rappoldi, P. Picchi, G.L. Raselli, M. Zhou, W.H. Tian, J. P. Revol, Alessandro Bettini, Sergio Cittolin, X. Li, A. Gigli Berzolari, F. Pietropaolo, D. Dzialo Giudice, S. Suzuki, F. Mauri, R. Dolfini, C. Montanari, and F. Casagrande

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Argon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Other Fields of Physics, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Nuclear physics, Neutron capture, chemistry, Volume (thermodynamics), Abundance (ecology), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclide, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

Ar and 42Ar are possible sources of background in large volume argon based detectors for the study of low energy neutrino events, as proposed for the ICARUS experiment. The production of these nuclides from neutron capture by atmospheric argon is estimated by taking into account both cosmic rays and contributions from nuclear explosions.

Published
1995

32. Monitoring radon emission anomalies at Stromboli Island as a tracer of eruptive events and 'near field' earthquakes

Author

Andrea Lavagno, G. Gervino, L. Periale, Marco Laiolo, Diego Coppola, and Corrado Cigolini

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, Physics, QC1-999, chemistry.chemical_element, Radon, Geophysics, Seismic wave, Volcano, chemistry, Geothermal fluid, TRACER, Seismology, Geology
Abstract

Radon emission from soil at Stromboli Island has been monitored since 2002 utilizing a network of 25 stations and exposing two kinds of detectors: E-PERM and calibrated track-etches (LR115). We present and discuss the data from 2002 to 2007, thus including the last two major eruptive cycles. Earthquake-volcano interactions were detected providing evidence that radon emissions are somehow related to the occurrence of regional earthquakes. Single deep earthquakes related to active subduction, such as Salina event (ML =5 .1) of May 5, 2004, may be capable of increasing the ascent of geothermal fluids due to the passage of seismic waves. In addition, we observed major eruptions at Stromboli were preceded by anomalies that occurred at three summit stations that reached values above 20000 Bq m −3 : this is considered an anomalous value and could be regarded, under particular environmental conditions, as a potential precursory signal of a change in volcanic activity.

Published
2012

33. Recent R&D results on LAr LEM TPC and plans for LBNO demonstrators

Author

S. Horikawa, S. Wu, Filippo Resnati, André Rubbia, C. Cantini, A. Gendotti, Laguna-Lbno, L. Periale, T. Viant, L. Epprecht, F. Sergiampietri, G. Natterer, C. Regenfus, and S. Murphy

Subjects
Physics, History, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Particle detector, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract

The double phase Liquid Argon (LAr) Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is the state-of-art technology for neutrino detection thanks to its superb 3 Dimensional (3D) tracking and calorimetry performance. Based on this technology, the Giant Liquid Argon Charge Imaging ExpeRiment (GLACIER) is proposed to be the far detector for the Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation (LBNO) experiment aiming at studying neutrinos 2300 km away from their production point. We report recent R&D results on the charge readout system for GLACIER and the plans to build the GLACIER demonstrators at CERN., Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 650, ISSN:1742-6588, ISSN:1742-6596

Published
2015

34. A 3-D image chamber for the liquid argon TPC based on multi-layer printed circuit board

Author

F. Casagrande, S. Centro, F. Pietropaolo, P. Picchi, R. Dolfini, David B. Cline, Y. Liu, Sandro Ventura, P. Cennini, A. Rappoldi, A. Gigli Berzolari, C. Rubbia, Sergio Cittolin, S. Suzuki, E. Calligarich, A. Piazzoli, X. Li, F. Mauri, W.H. Tian, C. De Vecchi, L. Periale, M. Verdecchia, G. Muratori, P. Benetti, J.P. Revol, C. Montanari, F. Cavanna, G. Piano Mortari, U.L. Raselli, Hui Wang, D. A. Scannicchio, M. Zhou, S. Otwinowski, A. Pepato, P. Rossi, and Alessandro Bettini

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Process (computing), Noble gas, Modular design, Printed circuit board, Electrode, Optoelectronics, Multiplication, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

In our research and development programme for the ICARUS experiment we have developed a novel three-dimensional readout scheme for a liquefied noble gas TPC, where no charge multiplication process takes place. The design avoids completely wire grids and is based on the multilayer circuit technique. As a consequence it is intrinsically safe and suited to be used in large and modular structures as those foreseen for ICARUS. We describe here how the electrodes structure can be simplified leading to the new design principles and we present the results obtained with a small prototype chamber in a 100 GeV μ beam.

Published
1994

35. ICARUS. A novel detector for proton decay and neutrino searches at the LNGS

Author

David B. Cline, E. Calligarich, F. Casagrande, R. Dolfini, S. Suzuki, C. Montanari, A. Piazzoli, F. Pietropaolo, P. Cennini, A. Gigli Berzolari, P. Picchi, M. Zhou, L. Periale, Y. Liu, A. Rappoldi, D. Dzialo Giudice, S. Centro, F. Mauri, P. Benetti, C. Rubbia, Paolo Rossi, Sergio Cittolin, B. Dainese, W.H. Tian, X. Li, H. Wang, Sandro Ventura, L. Casoli, M. Verdecchia, G.L. Raselli, S. Otwinowski, A. Pepato, G. Muratori, D. A. Scannicchio, Alessandro Bettini, J. P. Revol, C. De Vecchi, F. Cavanna, and G. Piano Mortari

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Proton decay, Detector, Solar neutrino problem, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

The ICARUS project aims at building a large mass (5 ktons) liquid Argon TPC at the LNGS to study proton decay as well as neutrino oscillations. The detector provides detailed images of ionizing events together with their energy measurement and particle identification. These capabilities allow for the exclusive measurement of the proton decay events and a highly sensitive neutrino oscillations experiment.

Published
1994

36. A three-ton liquid argon time projection chamber

Author

L. Periale, C. Montanari, G. Muratori, H. Wang, S. Otwinowski, F. Casagrande, Sergio Cittolin, P. Casoli, F. Mauri, P. Picchi, A. Gigli Berzolari, David B. Cline, S. Centro, A. Pepato, C. Rubbia, B. Dainese, A. Piazzoli, F. Pietropaolo, M. Zhou, D. A. Scannicchio, Sandro Ventura, P. Rossi, M. Cheng, Alessandro Bettini, P. Benetti, L. Mazzone, C. De Vecchi, P. Cennini, F. Cavanna, G. Piano Mortari, E. Calligarich, S. Suzuki, R. Dolfini, G.L. Raselli, Fabrizio Gasparini, A. Rappoldi, and Lucy Fortson

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Time projection chamber, business.industry, Cosmic ray, Cryogenics, Nuclear physics, Optics, Liquid argon, Ton, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation, Image resolution
Abstract

We have constructed and operated a 3 ton liquid argon time projection chamber for the R&D programme of the ICARUS project. The chamber has been in op

Published
1993

37. A simple and effective purifier for liquid xenon

Author

R. Dolfini, Alessandro Bettini, David B. Cline, F. Mauri, M. Zhou, A. Pepato, A. Rappoldi, Sergio Cittolin, P. Casoli, G.L. Raselli, C. Castagnoli, F. Pietropaolo, E. Calligarich, C. Rubbia, S. Otwinowski, S. Suzuki, Hui Wang, D. A. Scannicchio, S. Centro, C. De Vecchi, W.H. Tian, L. Mazzone, P. Cennini, L. Periale, C. Montanari, P. Benetti, Sandro Ventura, P. Rossi, F. Casagrande, A. Piazzoli, Lucy Fortson, P. Picchi, G. Mannocchi, and A. Gigli Berzolari

Subjects
Free electron model, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Millisecond, Drift velocity, Attenuation, chemistry.chemical_element, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Cartridge, Xenon, chemistry, law, Electric field, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Distillation
Abstract

We describe a procedure to obtain ultra high electron lifetime in liquid xenon by means of a commercial Oxisorb cartridge and the distillation of the liquid. An improved ICARUS-type purity monitor chamber is described as well as details of the purification process. No charge attenuation is observed over the drifting distance (6 cm) at electric fields ranging from 800 down to 5 V/cm. This implies a free electron lifetime of at least several milliseconds. Results on the drift velocity dependence on the temperature are also reported.

Published
1993

38. The ICARUS R&D program and results

Author

Sergio Cittolin, P. Casoli, A. Rappoldi, P. Rossi, A. Pepato, A. Piazzoli, C. Montanari, R. Dolfini, F. Pietropaolo, Alessandro Bettini, P. Picchi, Fabrizio Gasparini, F. Casagrande, C. De Vecchi, S. Centro, Sandro Ventura, F. Cavanna, D. A. Scannicchio, G. Piano Mortari, David B. Cline, M. Zhou, E. Calligarich, L. Fortson, S. Suzuki, C. Rubbia, B. Dainese, G.L. Raselli, G. Muratori, P. Cennini, H. Wang, S. Otwinowski, L. Mazzone, A. Gigli Berzolari, M. Cheng, P. Benetti, L. Periale, and F. Mauri

Subjects
Physics, ICARUS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Instrumentation
Abstract

The 3 ton liquid-argon time-projection chamber for the ICARUS project has been in operation since May 1991 collecting events from cosmic rays and monocromatic gamma ray source. Recent results are reported as well as an overview of the possible physics applications of this promising technique.

Published
1993

39. The most powerful scintillator supernovae detector: LVD

Author

Rosario Nania, G. Cini, P. Galeotti, L. G. Dos Santos, Carlotta Castagnoli, Giuseppe Iacobucci, Roy Weinstein, F. Wang, P. Vallania, J. H. Moromisato, O. G. Ryazhskaya, G. Maccarrone, D. Parks, O. Saavedra, K. Lau, W. D. Tian, V. A. Kudryavtsev, A. S. Malguin, Tomonori Wada, E. V. Korolkova, Luisa Cifarelli, E. D. Alyea, I. A. Pless, S. Vernetto, Y. Ban, Gabriella Sartorelli, G. Bruni, K. Chen, X. Lin, R. Weathers, Behcet Alpat, B. Zhuan, J. Qiu, A. Bizzetti, S. Wang, P. Picchi, M. Deutsch, G. T. Zatsepin, Antonino Zichichi, A. Contin, T. Massam, E. S. Hafen, X. Zhu, B. Monteleoni, E. von Goeler, H. Tang, G. Yi, M. Pu, Y. Cao, D. Shen, M. Dardo, V. L. Dadikin, J. Pyrlyk, J. Ma, G. H. Mo, M. Widgoff, B. Mayes, P.G. Pelfer, Jose Chinellato, L. Xu, G. Cara Romeo, A. Turtelli, V. F. Yakushev, P. Pinna, G. Bari, Z. Mao, F. F. Khalchukov, G. Navarra, L. Panaro, R. Chen, L. Votano, Shuang Cong, J. Tang, Isao Yamamoto, Z. Xu, G. Landi, F. Grianti, V. P. Talochkin, Z. Ma, Lawrence Pinsky, N. Inoue, X. Zhou, L. Lu, K. Saitoh, V. S. Berezinsky, R. I. Enikeev, Fabrizio Fabbri, P. Antonioli, Giovanni Badino, P. Giusti, D. Sanders, C. Morello, A. Benelli, P. V. Kortchaguin, P. Haridas, R. Casaccia, Marco Aglietta, Stefano Bianco, M. Basile, A. De Silva, Akeo Misaki, V. G. Ryasny, S. Sarwar, L. Periale, S. Gu, Antonella Castellina, L. Bergamasco, Piera Luisa Ghia, Q. Zhu, W. Fulgione, V. B. Kortchaguin, N. Mengotti Silva, M. A. Markov, H. Wang, I. Uman, G. C. Trinchero, G. Anzivino, and A. Zallo

Subjects
Physics, cosmic neutrinos, scintilation counter, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Scintillator, Neutrino interaction, cosmic rays, LVD experiment, Galaxy, Supernova, Scintillation counter, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Large Volume Detector
Abstract

The Large Volume Detector (LVD) in the Gran Sasso underground Laboratory is a multipurpose detector consisting of a large volume of liquid scintillator interleaved with limited streamer tubes. In this paper we discuss its power to study low-energy cosmic neutrinos. The results show that the first LVD tower (368 tons of liquid scintillator) is well suited to detect neutrinos from gravitational stellar collapses within all of our Galaxy over a wide range of burst duration (up to a few hundred seconds). No burst candidates have been observed in the first two months of data taking.

Published
1992

40. Limits on low-energy neutrino fluxes with the Mont Blanc liquid scintillator detector

Author

Giovanni Badino, P. V. Kortchaguin, V. G. Ryassny, G. Bologna, V. A. Kudryavtsev, F. F. Khalchukov, Elena Korolkova, O. Saavedra, P. Galeotti, W. Fulgione, Antonella Castellina, A. S. Malguin, V. L. Dadykin, V. F. Yakushev, L. Periale, O. G. Ryazhskaya, P. Antonioli, G. C. Trinchero, C. Castagnoli, V. B. Kortchaguin, G. T. Zatsepin, S. Vernetto, and Marco Aglietta

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Standard solar model, Supernova, Stars, Neutral current, Scintillation counter, Liquid scintillation counting, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Elementary particle, Neutrino
Abstract

The LSD liquid scintillation detector has been operating since 1985 as an underground neutrino observatory in the Mont Blanc Laboratory with the main objective of detecting antineutrino bursts from collapsing stars. In August 1988 the construction of an additional lead and borex paraffin shield considerably reduced the radioactive background and increased the sensitivity of the apparatus. In this way the search for steady fluxes of low-energy neutrinos of different flavours through their interactions with free protons and carbon nuclei of the scintillator was made possible. No evidence for a galactic collapse was observed during the whole period of measurement. The corresponding 90% c.l. upper limit on the galactic collapses rate is 0.45 y −1 for a burst duration of ΔT ⩽ 10 s. After analysing the last 3 years data, the following 90% c.l. upper limits on the steady neutrino and antineutrino fluxes were obtained: Φ( \ gn e ) 4 \ gn e s −1 cm −2 9 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 50MeV Φ( \ gn e ) 3 \ gn e s −1 cm −2 20 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 50MeV Φ(ν e ) 3 ν e s −1 cm −2 25 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 50 MeV Φ(ν μ + τ ) 7 ν μ + τ s −1 cm −2 20 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 100 MeV Φ( \ gn μ + τ ) 7 \ gn μ + τ s −1 cm −2 20 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 100 MeV In particular comparing the obtained upper limit on the \ gn e flux for 9 ⩽ E ν ⩽ 20 MeV to the solar ν e flux predicted by the standard solar model in the same range of energy, we can exclude the possibility that more than 6.3% of the solar ν e 's flux can change to \ gn e . Finally the first limits on the flux of relic supernova neutrinos of all flavours as a function of the neutrino sea temperature are presented.

Published
1992

41. Study of the low energy background radiation and the effects of the 222Rn in the LSD underground experiment

Author

W. Fulgione, Giorgio Marchetti, P. Galeotti, Giovanni Badino, C. Castagnoli, L. Periale, Antonella Castellina, Marco Aglietta, Silvia Vernetto, O. Saavedra, and Giancario Trinchero

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Low energy, Spectrometer, Dark matter, Detector, Neutrino, Scintillator, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Energy (signal processing), Background radiation
Abstract

A systematic study of the low energy background radiation has been performed under several conditions in the underground experiment at Mt. Blanc laboratory. The information gathered using three different types of detectors: LSD (90 tons of liquid scintillator) with energy threshold E th > 800 KeV , Nal (5” × 5”) with E th > 220 KeV and a Radon-meter (alpha spectrometer) running at the same time, has been analyzed during long and continuous time periods. It was found that the variations in counting rate of the low energy background is due to the presence of 222Rn in the laboratory room. Three types of variations were found: 1) a correlation with the tunnel ventilation system, 2) a daily modulation and 3) a sporadic increase in the counting rate not correlated to any man-made intervention. We emphasize the importance of knowing the background and its variations in underground laboratories dedicated to low energy neutrinos and dark matter searches.

Published
1992

42. Search for strange-quark matter in galactic cosmic rays

Author

T. Yanagita, W. Fulgione, G. C. Trinchero, S. Vernetto, Yutaka Fukada, A. Ohsawa, C. Castagnoli, H. Oda, Marco Aglietta, T. Hara, O. Saavedra, M. Fujii, T. Saito, Y. Hatano, Yoichi Fujimoto, Antonella Castellina, L. Periale, and H. Komori

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Quark, Strange quark, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Strangeness, Particle detector, Nuclear astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A method for detecting strange-quark matter is discussed. In order to confirm the existence of strange-quark matter in the cosmic radiation, a new instrument under construction for a balloon experiment is presented.

Published
1991

43. The high energy muon spectrum in extensive air showers: first data from LVD and EAS-TOP at Gran Sasso

Author

T. Massam, Isao Yamamoto, Giovanni Badino, P. Giusti, Rosario Nania, L. G. Dos Santos, M. Selvi, L. Periale, J. H. Moromisato, A. Chiavassa, G. Cara Romeo, Carlotta Castagnoli, P. L. Ghia, R. Mantovani, N. Inoue, A. Campos Fauth, G. Bari, O. Saavedra, G. Di Sciascio, H. Nogima, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, W. Fulgione, R. Bertoni, J. Pyrlik, O. G. Ryazhskaya, V. S. Berezinsky, E. D. Alyea, P. Haridas, Antonino Zichichi, V. B. Korchaguin, B. Mayes, L. Bergamasco, V. P. Talochkin, A. Pesci, E. S. Hafen, R. I. Enikeev, I. A. Pless, S. Tsuji, C. Ghetti, V. L. Dadykin, G. Navarra, A. Turtelli, G. Guidi, L. Emaldi, C. Morello, I. Uman, G. C. Trinchero, M. Iacovacci, M. Basile, A. Megna, A. De Silva, Kwong Lau, Andrea Contin, A. S. Malguin, Tomonori Wada, M. Widgoff, V. A. Kudryavtsev, Giuseppe Iacobucci, F. Vetrano, M. Deutsch, F. Grianti, Behcet Alpat, E. V. Korolkova, Pietro Antonioli, L. Panaro, Luisa Cifarelli, V. F. Yakushev, N. Taborgna, A. Bosco, K. Saitoh, Marco Aglietta, F. Bersani, Stefano Santini, Lawrence Pinsky, G. Bruni, M. Luvisetto, P. Vallania, G. Cini Castagnoli, M. E. Bertaina, G. T. Zatsepin, G. Bonoli, F. Arneodo, G. Maccarrone, S. Vernetto, P. Dominici, R. Granella, A. Lima de Godoi, G. Mannocchi, F. F. Khalchukov, V. G. Ryasny, G. Conforto, N. Mengotti Silva, F. Cindolo, Jose Chinellato, P. V. Korchaguin, P. Picchi, Carlo Vigorito, J. Tang, E. Kemp, P. Galeotti, Roy Weinstein, Gabriella Sartorelli, E. von Goeler, Antonella Castellina, L. Votano, Bruno Alessandro, Fabrizio Fabbri, M., Aglietta, B., Alessandro, B., Alpat, E. D., Alyea, P., Antonioli, F., Arneodo, G., Badino, G., Bari, M., Basile, V. S., Berezinsky, L., Bergamasco, F., Bersani, M., Bertaina, R., Bertoni, G., Bonoli, A., Bosco, G., Bruni, A. C., Fauth, G. C., Romeo, C., Castagnoli, A., Castellina, A., Chiavassa, J. A., Chinellato, L., Cifarelli, F., Cindolo, G. C., Castagnoli, G., Conforto, A., Contin, V. L., Dadykin, A. D., Silva, M., Deutsch, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, G. D., Sciascio, P., Dominici, L. G., Do, L., Emaldi, R. I., Enikeev, F. L., Fabbri, W., Fulgione, P., Galeotti, C., Ghetti, P. L., Ghia, P., Giusti, R., Granella, F., Grianti, G., Guidi, E. S., Hafen, P., Harida, G., Iacobucci, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Inoue, E., Kemp, F. F., Khalchukov, E. V., Korolkova, P. V., Korchaguin, V. B., Korchaguin, V. A., Kudryavtsev, K., Lau, A. L., De, M. L., Luvisetto, G., Maccarrone, A. S., Malguin, G., Mannocchi, R., Mantovani, T., Massam, B., Maye, A., Megna, N. M., Silva, C., Morello, J., Moromisato, R., Nania, G., Navarra, H., Nogima, L., Panaro, L., Periale, A., Pesci, P., Picchi, L., Pinsky, I. A., Ple, J., Pyrlik, V. G., Ryasny, O. G., Ryazhskaya, O., Saavedra, K., Saitoh, S., Santini, G., Sartorelli, M., Selvi, N., Taborgna, V. P., Talochkin, J., Tang, G. C., Trinchero, S., Tsuji, A., Turtelli, I., Uman, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, F., Vetrano, C., Vigorito, E. v., Goeler, L., Votano, T., Wada, R., Weinstein, M., Widgoff, V. F., Yakushev, I., Yamamoto, G. T., Zatsepin, and A., Zichichi

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, High energy, Muon, Coincident, SIMULATION, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, DETECTOR
Abstract

We present evidence for a dependence of the average deep underground muon energies on shower size in the coincident EAS-TOP and LVD data at the Gran Sasso laboratories. The measured relation agrees with a mixed chemical composition of the cosmic ray primary spectrum at energies around 10(15) eV. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

Published
1998

44. Cygnus X-3: Six years of observations atE 0≥50 TeV from the Plateau Rosa array

Author

G. Navarra, P. Vallania, L. Periale, and C. Morello

Subjects
Physics, geography, Observation time, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Energy distribution, business.industry, Phase (waves), Flux, Astrophysics, Statistical fluctuations, Light curve, Optics, business, Counting rate
Abstract

Cygnus X-3 has been observed from 1982 to 1987 at primary energyE 0≃1014 eV from the Plateau Rosa array. The absolute excess in the counting rate from the source region amounts to 0.15%, mostly concentrated in 1982 and 1986. The effect is observed in two classes of events although with small significance (2 and 1.4 s.d.). The 1986 data are consistent with observations of other arrays. The study of the 4.8 h time periodicity over a long observation time does not show any significant structure (2.5 s.d. excess at phase 0.2÷0.5). In 1982 and 1986 the light curves show respectively a wide excess between phases 0.60 and 0.85 and a 2.7 s.d. excess at phase 0.2÷0.25. The analysis of daily excesses from the source shows a good agreement with the expectations from pure statistical fluctuations, and no significant evidence of burst activity.

Published
1990

45. Search for 100 TeV gamma-rays from SN 1987 A

Author

P. Vallania, M. de Castro Souza, C. Morello, P. Miranda, A. Turtelli, C. Castagnoli, A. Velarde, L. Periale, G. Navarra, and J. A. Chinellato

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, High energy, Supernova, Proton, Gamma ray, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, Erg, Counting rate, Luminosity
Abstract

We present the results of a search for very high energy γ-rays (E γ≈100 TeV) from SN 1987A between August 1987 and May 1988. No counting rate excess from the source is observed. The larger enhancement is seen in January 1988, but is statistically not significant (1.4 s.d.). The derived upper limits to the γ-ray and proton luminosities of the SN areL γ≤1.9·1040 erg/s andL p≤1.2·1042 erg/s.

Published
1990

46. The EAS-TOP detector at Gran Sasso

Author

L. Periale, O. Saavedra, P. L. Ghia, G. Mannocchi, P. Vallania, C. Castagnoli, L. Bergamasco, G. Cini, G. Navarra, P. Galeotti, Antonella Castellina, Giovanni Badino, B. D'Ettore-Piazzoli, C. Morello, W. Fulgione, S. Vernetto, P. Picchi, G. Trinchero, and Marco Aglietta

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Atmosphere, Optics, Crab Nebula, business.industry, Instrumentation, Detector, Gamma ray, Cosmic ray, Angular resolution, business, Particle detector
Abstract

EAS-TOP is a detector of the extensive air showers that very high-energy cosmic rays (E 0≥1014eV) produce in the atmosphere. The array is located on top of the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory in central Italy; a subarray (11 modules of the e.m. detector) has been operating since the end of 1987. From such data the stability of the detector, and the accuracies in the determination of the arrival directions and in the reconstruction of the electron lateral distribution and of the shower size are derived. The results obtained on VHE-UHE γ-ray sources in the first months of operation are presented.

Published
1990

47. Development and first tests of GEM-like detectors with resistive electrodes

Author

F. Pietropaolo, L. Periale, B. Baibussinov, Rui de Oliveira, S. Centro, Bengt Lund-Jensen, Paolo Martinengo, Sandro Ventura, P. Picchi, Vladimir Peskov, A. Di Mauro, E. Nappi, and I. Rodionov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Photomultiplier, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Photodetector, Photocathode, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Cascade, Electrode, Gas electron multiplier, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business
Abstract

We have developed and tested several prototypes of GEM-like detectors with electrodes coated with resistive layers or completely made of resistive materials. These detectors can operate stably at gains close to 105. The resistive layers limit the energy of discharges appearing at higher gains thus making the detectors very robust. We demonstrated that the cathodes of some of these detectors could be coated by CsI or SbCs layers to enhance the detection efficiency for the UV and visible photons. We also discovered that such detectors can operate stably in the cascade mode and high overall gains ($~10^{6}$) are reachable. Applications in several areas, for example in RICH or in noble liquid TPCs are therefore possible. The first results from the detection of UV photons at room and cryogenic temperatures will be given.

Published
2007

48. Development of innovative micropattern gaseous detectors with resistive electrodes and first results of their applications

Author

L. Periale, Rui de Oliveira, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, I. Rodionov, J.C. Santiard, A. Di Mauro, Bengt Lund-Jensen, Vladimir Peskov, Paolo Martinengo, and E. Nappi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Photon, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Micro pattern, Kapton, Gaseous detectors, Electrode, Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electronics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

The paper summarizes our latest progress in the development of newly introduced micro pattern gaseous detectors with resistive electrodes. These resistive electrodes protect the detector and the front-end electronics in case of occasional discharges and thus make the detectors very robust and reliable in operation. As an example, we describe in greater detail a new recently developed GEM-like detector, fully spark-protected with electrodes made of resistive kapton. We discovered that all resistive layers used in these studies (including kapton), that are coated with photosensitive layers, such as CsI, can be used as efficient photo cathodes for detectors operating in a pulse counting mode. We describe the first applications of such detectors combined with CsI or SbCs photo cathodes for the detection of UV photons at room and cryogenic temperatures., Comment: Presented at the 11 Vienna Conference on Instrumentation, February, 2007

Published
2007
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49. Development of new sealed UV sensitive gaseous detectors and their applications

Author

P. Picchi, L. Periale, Paolo Martinengo, F. Pietropaolo, A. Braem, H. Sipila, Di Mauro, and Vladimir Peskov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Flame detection, Production cost, Detector, Gaseous detectors, Optics, Signal-to-noise ratio, Optoelectronics, Daylight, Quantum efficiency, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

We have developed prototypes of sealed gaseous detectors combined with CsI photocathodes or filled with photosensitive vapors for commercial applications. The first results with these devices for the detection of flames in daylight conditions and of scintillation lights from noble liquids are presented. They show that sealed UV sensitive gaseous detectors can have better performance (higher practical quantum efficiency and a better signal to noise ratio) than existing commercial UV sensitive detectors at lower production cost. We have developed commercial prototypes of sealed gaseous detectors combined with CsI photocathodes and/or filled with photosensitive vapors. The rirst results of application of these devices for the detection of flames in daylight conditions and for the detection of scintillation lights from noble liquids will be presented. The main conclusion from our studies is that for some applications the sealed UV sensitive gaseous detectors have superior performance (higher practical quantum efficiency and better signal to noise ratio) than existing commercial UV sensitive detectors. Additionally, they are much cheaper.

Published
2007

50. Performance of a liquid argon time projection chamber exposed to the CERN West Area Neutrino Facility neutrino beam

Author

G. Piano Mortari, A. Martinez de la Ossa, P. Picchi, P. Cennini, Alberto Pullia, C. Vignoli, E. Cesana, Sandro Ventura, Paola Sala, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, F. Sergiampietri, C. Rubbia, André Rubbia, C. Matthey, M. Nicoletto, I. De Mitri, A. Rappoldi, David B. Cline, Alessio Ghezzi, M. Terrani, Jan Kisiel, S. Navas, Antonio Bueno, R. Dolfini, Hui Wang, T. Rancati, A. Puccini, P. Negri, A. Curioni, C. Montanari, N. G. Redaelli, S. Otwinowski, F. Casagrande, Shingo Suzuki, A. Pepato, F. Terranova, P. Benetti, A. Zalewska, Stefano Ragazzi, A. Borio di Tigliole, Marco Paganoni, E. Rondio, F. Arneodo, A. Tonazzo, F. Mauri, M. Bonesini, F. Pietropaolo, G.L. Raselli, A. Guglielmi, C. De Vecchi, F. Cavanna, L. Periale, E. Calligarich, B. Boschetti, O. Palamara, D. Cavalli, S. Centro, Jan T. Sobczyk, G. Mannocchi, Arnaud Ferrari, Arneodo, F, Benetti, P, Bonesini, M, Di Tigliole, A, Boschetti, B, Bueno, A, Calligarich, E, Casagrande, F, Cavalli, D, Cavanna, F, Cennini, P, Centro, S, Cesana, E, Cline, D, Curioni, A, De Mitri, I, De Vecchi, C, Dolfini, R, Ferrari, A, Ghezzi, A, Guglielmi, A, Kisiel, J, Mannocchi, G, De La Ossa, A, Matthey, C, Mauri, F, Montanari, C, Navas, S, Negri, P, Nicoletto, M, Otwinowski, S, Paganoni, M, Palamara, O, Pepato, A, Periale, L, Mortari, G, Picchi, P, Pietropaolo, F, Puccini, A, Pullia, A, Ragazzi, S, Rancati, T, Rappoldi, A, Raselli, G, Redaelli, N, Rondio, E, Rubbia, A, Rubbia, C, Sala, P, Sergiampietri, F, Sobczyk, J, Suzuki, S, TABARELLI DE FATIS, T, Terrani, M, Terranova, F, Tonazzo, A, Ventura, S, Vignoli, C, Wang, H, and Zalewska, A

Subjects
ICARUS, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Time projection chamber, Large Hadron Collider, Argon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, chemistry.chemical_element, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, Neutrino detector, chemistry, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino, liquid argon, TPC, Neutrino
Abstract

We present the results of the first exposure of a Liquid Argon TPC to a multi-GeV neutrino beam. The data have been collected with a 50 liters ICARUS-like chamber located between the CHORUS and NOMAD experiments at the CERN West Area Neutrino Facility (WANF). We discuss both the instrumental performance of the detector and its capability to identify and reconstruct low-multiplicity neutrino interactions.

Published
2006

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