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130 results on '"L. P. Remsberg"'

1. Participant and spectator scaling of spectator fragments in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions atsNN=19.6and 22.4 GeV

Author

I. Sedykh, Judith Katzy, P. Steinberg, A. S. Carroll, J. Sagerer, T. Gburek, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, R. Verdier, A. H. Wuosmaa, M. P. Decowski, R. S. Hollis, Christophe Pol A Roland, Adam Trzupek, S. Gushue, R. Holynski, P. Walters, J. L. Kane, George S. F. Stephans, S. Manly, G. J. van Nieuwenhuizen, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, G. A. Heintzelman, C. Halliwell, P. Sarin, Gunther Roland, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Loizides, N. Khan, I. Harnarine, W. Kucewicz, E. Richardson, N. George, E. García, P. Kulinich, W. Skulski, B. B. Back, Burt Holzman, A. Iordanova, A. Szostak, Bolek Wyslouch, Inkyu Park, S. S. Vaurynovich, Barbara Wosiek, L.J. Rosenberg, Z. Chai, Gabor Istvan Veres, Jau Tang, B. Alver, E. Johnson, Krzysztof Woźniak, Heinz Pernegger, A. Budzanowski, A. Sukhanov, Chia-Ming Kuo, Wit Busza, R. Pak, M. Ballintijn, J. Hamblen, W. T. Lin, Rachid Nouicer, D. McLeod, M. A. Stankiewicz, M. Reuter, Andrzej Olszewski, M. D. Baker, L. P. Remsberg, M. B. Tonjes, V. Chetluru, P. Sawicki, C. E. Smith, D. Willhelm, Wei Li, F. L. H. Wolfs, S. M. Wyngaardt, Edward Allen Wenger, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, C. Reed, D. J. Hofman, and C. Vale

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Atomic physics, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Nucleon, Glauber, Helium
Abstract

Spectator fragments resulting from relativistic heavy ion collisions, consisting of single protons and neutrons along with groups of stable nuclear fragments up to nitrogen $(Z=7)$, are measured in PHOBOS. These fragments are observed in Au+Au $(\sqrt{{s}_{{}_{NN}}}=19.6\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV})$ and Cu+Cu (22.4 GeV) collisions at high pseudorapidity $(\ensuremath{\eta})$. The dominant multiply-charged fragment is the tightly bound helium $(\ensuremath{\alpha})$, with lithium, beryllium, and boron all clearly seen as a function of collision centrality and pseudorapidity. We observe that in Cu+Cu collisions, it becomes much more favorable for the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ fragments to be released than lithium. The yields of fragments approximately scale with the number of spectator nucleons, independent of the colliding ion. The shapes of the pseudorapidity distributions of fragments indicate that the average deflection of the fragments away from the beam direction increases for more central collisions. A detailed comparison of the shapes for $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and lithium fragments indicates that the centrality dependence of the deflections favors a scaling with the number of participants in the collision.

Published
2016

2. Particle production in nuclear collisions over a broad centrality range from the PHOBOS experiment

Author

Inkyu Park, R. Ho⌈yński, N. George, F. L. H. Wolfs, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Loizides, M. P. Decowski, D. Willhelm, P. Sawicki, A. Szostak, P. Kulinich, Bolek Wyslouch, W. Kucewicz, Burt Holzman, Chia-Ming Kuo, Andrzej Olszewski, Edward Allen Wenger, L.J. Rosenberg, R. S. Hollis, W. Skulski, A. Budzanowski, V. Chetluru, E. Richardson, M. Ballintijn, N. Khan, Wei Li, Christof Roland, David Jonathan Hofman, C. E. Smith, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Alice Mignerey, J. L. Kane, I. Sedykh, T. Gburek, A. Iordanova, S. Manly, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, George Stephans, J. Hamblen, R. Bindel, C. Vale, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, S. Gushue, P. Walters, B. B. Back, Z. Chai, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, M. A. Stankiewicz, Marguerite Tonjes, Krzysztof Woźniak, G. A. Heintzelman, Willis Lin, E. García, C. Reed, A. Sukhanov, L. P. Remsberg, S. S. Vaurynovich, Wit Busza, R. Pak, A. H. Wuosmaa, Gunther Roland, Barbara Wosiek, I. Harnarine, B. Alver, P. Sarin, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, C. Halliwell, S. M. Wyngaardt, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, E. Johnson, J. Sagerer, and Jaw-Luen Tang

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Factorization, Pseudorapidity, General Physics and Astronomy, Heavy ion, Atomic physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Centrality, Collision, Scaling, Charged particle
Abstract

The PHOBOS collaboration has studied the pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions of charged particles produced in heavy ion collisions. Results from Au+Au collisions at various center-of-mass energies and over a broad range of centrality are presented here. The data are compared to Cu+Cu, p+p and d+Au collisions at corresponding energies and centralities. The data are found to exhibit simple scaling properties such as the observed factorization of collision energy and geometry dependences. The presented data help us distinguish between models of particle production in relativistic heavy ion collisions.

Published
2006

3. Ultra-relativistic <font>Au</font>+<font>Au</font> and <font>d</font>+<font>Au</font> collisions: Experimental studies by PHOBOS

Author

Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, D. McLeod, T. Gburek, Chia-Ming Kuo, Andrzej Olszewski, I. Sedykh, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, K. Gulbrandsen, Gunther Roland, S. Gushue, R. Holynski, H. Seals, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, M. Ballintijn, J. Katzy, G. A. Heintzelman, P. Kulinich, A. Sukhanov, W. Kucewicz, M. Hauer, J. Hamblen, A. H. Wuosmaa, B. B. Back, F. L. H. Wolfs, David Jonathan Hofman, Bolek Wyslouch, S. S. Vaurynovich, Willis Lin, Christof Roland, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, L. P. Remsberg, Wit Busza, N. George, Gabor Istvan Veres, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, Peter Steinberg, Barbara Wosiek, P. Sawicki, N. Khan, George Stephans, L.J. Rosenberg, A. Iordanova, Z. Chai, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, E. Johnson, Marguerite Tonjes, M. Reuter, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, R. S. Hollis, Krzysztof Woźniak, M. D. Baker, Edward Allen Wenger, C. Halliwell, R. Pak, C. Reed, M. A. Stankiewicz, J. Sagerer, E. García, Jaw-Luen Tang, C. E. Smith, Inkyu Park, P. Sarin, A. Budzanowski, and M. P. Decowski

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pseudorapidity, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Multiplicity (mathematics), Limiting, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Scaling, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle
Abstract

In this talk I will review PHOBOS data on charged particle multiplicities, obtained in Au + Au and d + Au collisions at RHIC. The general features of the Au + Au pseudorapidity distributions results will be discussed and compared to those of [Formula: see text] collisions. The total charged particle multiplicity, scaled by the number of participant pairs, is observed to be about 40% higher in Au + Au collisions than in [Formula: see text] and d + Au systems, but, surprisingly at the same level of e+e- collisions. Limiting fragmentation scaling is seen to be obeyed in Au + Au collisions.

Published
2005

4. Elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author

Carla M Vale, B B Back, M D Baker, M Ballintijn, D S Barton, R R Betts, A A Bickley, R Bindel, A Budzanowski, W Busza, A Carroll, M P Decowski, E García, N George, K Gulbrandsen, S Gushue, C Halliwell, J Hamblen, G A Heintzelman, C Henderson, D J Hofman, R S Hollis, R Hołyński, B Holzman, A Iordanova, E Johnson, J L Kane, J Katzy, N Khan, W Kucewicz, P Kulinich, C M Kuo, W T Lin, S Manly, D McLeod, A C Mignerey, M Ngyuen, R Nouicer, A Olszewski, R Pak, I C Park, H Pernegger, C Reed, L P Remsberg, M Reuter, C Roland, G Roland, L Rosenberg, J Sagerer, P Sarin, P Sawicki, W Skulski, P Steinberg, G S F Stephans, A Sukhanov, J-L Tang, M B Tonjes, A Trzupek, G J van Nieuwenhuizen, R Verdier, G Veres, F L H Wolfs, B Wosiek, K Woźniak, A H Wuosmaa, and B Wysłouch

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Elliptic flow, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Azimuth, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Anisotropy, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract

Elliptic flow is an interesting probe of the dynamical evolution of the dense system formed in the ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elliptic flow dependences on transverse momentum, centrality, and pseudorapidity were measured using data collected by the PHOBOS detector, which offers a unique opportunity to study the azimuthal anisotropies of charged particles over a wide range of pseudorapidity. These measurements are presented, together with an overview of the analysis methods and a discussion of the results., Comment: Presented at Hot Quarks 2004; 7 pages, 6 figures

Published
2005

5. Recent results from PHOBOS at RHIC

Author

Andrzej Olszewski, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, L.J. Rosenberg, F. L. H. Wolfs, J. Sagerer, Bruce Becker, J.W. Lee, Baker, Jaw-Luen Tang, T. Gburek, Krzysztof Wozniak, D. McLeod, Barbara Wosiek, Burt Holzman, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, A. H. Wuosmaa, N. George, Marguerite Tonjes, C. E. Smith, P. Kulinich, W. Skulski, George Stephans, W. Kucewicz, J. L. Kane, B. Wysouch, C. Reed, S. Gushue, David Jonathan Hofman, S. Manly, C. Halliwell, M. Reuter, E. García, Jian Zhang, G. A. Heintzelman, P. Sarin, A. S. Harrington, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, K. Gulbrandsen, Christof Roland, Chia-Ming Kuo, P. Sawicki, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, A. Sukhanov, L. P. Remsberg, J. Katzy, I. Sedykh, M. Ballintijn, Alice Mignerey, R. Hoynski, A. Iordanova, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Wit Busza, R. S. Hollis, J. Hamblen, R. Bindel, B. B. Back, Willis Lin, M. P. Decowski, A. Budzanowski, Inkyu Park, N. Khan, R. Pak, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, Gunther Roland, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, and E. Johnson

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Scaling, Multiplicity distribution
Abstract

PHOBOS is one of the four heavy ion experiments currently running at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In this paper we will present some of the current results from PHOBOS: the study of charged multiplicity distribution as function of pseudorapidity and centrality at = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV, a discussion of multiplicity scaling, and a measurement of transverse momentum spectra (pT) of charged hadrons produced in d+Au and Au+Au interactions at = 200 GeV. The dependence of the Au+Au yields as function of centrality is found to be independent of pT. A strong suppression in the Au+Au hadron spectra relative to p at high pT is observed. The spectral shape for d+Au collisions is significantly different from the observations in Au+Au, the yield suppression is not observed in d+Au.

Published
2004

6. Charged particle multiplicity fluctuations in Au+Au collisions at

Author

Krzysztof Wozniak, Barbara Wosiek, A. Sukhanov, P. Sarin, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Alice Mignerey, N. George, Peter Steinberg, R. Bindel, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, R. S. Hollis, E. Johnson, P. Sawicki, Gunther Roland, Z. Chai, Russell Richard Betts, R. Holynski, B. B. Back, Conor Henderson, Inkyu Park, D. McLeod, J. Sagerer, George Stephans, Bolek Wyslouch, Jaw-Luen Tang, Christof Roland, A. H. Wuosmaa, D. S. Barton, C. Reed, M. P. Decowski, F. L. H. Wolfs, W. Kucewicz, A. A. Bickley, Chia-Ming Kuo, L. P. Remsberg, J. L. Kane, L.J. Rosenberg, M. Reuter, David Jonathan Hofman, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, S. Manly, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, M. Ballintijn, M. D. Baker, K. Gulbrandsen, W. T. Lin, J. Hamblen, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, A. S. Carroll, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Verdier, A. Iordanova, E. García, C. Halliwell, N. Khan, S. Gushue, J. Katzy, A. Budzanowski, G. A. Heintzelman, and P. Kulinich

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle number, Pseudorapidity, Multiplicity (mathematics), Nuclear Experiment, Collision, Charged particle
Abstract

This paper presents the first PHOBOS results on charged particle multiplicity fluctuations measured for Au+Au collisions at the highest RHIC energy within a wide pseudorapidity range of |η| < 3. The dependence on collision geometry is removed in the analysis by using the normalized difference between the number of particles in separate η bins. We compare our data to HIJING model predictions.

Published
2004

7. Results from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC

Author

D. McLeod, K. Gulbrandsen, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, J. Katzy, A. Sukhanov, M. P. Decowski, P. Kulinich, W. Kucewicz, Wit Busza, C. Halliwell, F. L. H. Wolfs, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, W. T. Lin, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Pak, Baker, Chia-Ming Kuo, P. Sawicki, Inkyu Park, David Jonathan Hofman, J.W. Lee, N. George, Barbara Wosiek, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, Gunther Roland, J. Sagerer, R. S. Hollis, A. Budzanowski, P. Sarin, I. Sedykh, Christof Roland, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, A. H. Wuosmaa, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, M. Reuter, Jian Zhang, N. Khan, Marguerite Tonjes, E. Garcia, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, M. Ballintijn, K. Wozniak, C. Reed, L. P. Remsberg, Alice Mignerey, J. Hamblen, R. Bindel, R. Holynski, A. S. Harrington, A. Iordanova, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, C. E. Smith, Bolek Wyslouch, L.J. Rosenberg, T. Gburek, S. Gushue, G. A. Heintzelman, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, B. B. Back, J.L. Teng, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, G.S.F. Stephans, and Bruce Becker

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Elliptic flow, Particle accelerator, Particle detector, law.invention, Semiconductor detector, Nuclear physics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract

PHOBOS is one of the four experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider measuring p + p, d + Au , and Au + Au collisions over a broad range of energies. PHOBOS is a silicon-pad based detector with a 4π multiplicity detector and a high resolution mid-rapidity spectrometer, along with other detectors (time-of-flight walls, proton and zero degree calorimeters). PHOBOS is able to measure particles at low transverse momentum, spectra, flow, particle ratios, and multiplicity over a large region of phase space. A comparison of results for Au + Au and d + Au collisions at √S NN = 220GeV will be discussed.

Published
2004

8. Strange hadron production at low transverse momenta

Author

A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, A. S. Harrington, P. Kulinich, Chia-Ming Kuo, C. Halliwell, Inkyu Park, Marguerite Tonjes, A. H. Wuosmaa, B.F. Wadsworth, B. B. Back, Barbara Wosiek, Bolek Wyslouch, Gunther Roland, A. Noell, Christof Roland, M. Ballintijn, A. Iordanova, R. Teng, Andrzej Olszewski, J. Hamblen, C. Reed, C. E. Smith, Alice Mignerey, A. Budzanowski, P. Sarin, R. Bindel, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, M. P. Decowski, L. P. Remsberg, Bruce Becker, F. L. H. Wolfs, K. Gulbrandsen, R. S. Hollis, David Jonathan Hofman, E. García, N. Khan, J. Sagerer, R. Holynski, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, M. D. Baker, T. Gburek, S. Gushue, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, R. Pak, E. Johnson, W. T. Lin, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, I. Sedykh, A. Sukhanov, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, J.W. Lee, Wit Busza, N. George, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, Jian Zhang, George Stephans, Krzysztof Woźniak, and P. Sawicki

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Strangeness production, Strangeness, Collision, Ion, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Transverse plane, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

Some of the latest results of the PHOBOS experiment from the √s NN = 200 GeV Au+Au data are discussed. Those relevant to strangeness production are emphasized. These observations relate to the nature of the matter created when heavy ions collide at the highest achieved energy. The invariant yields of strange and non-strange charged hadrons at very low transverse momentum have been measured, and used to differentiate between different dynamical scenarios. In the intermediate transverse momentum range, the measured ratios of strange and anti-strange kaons approach one, while the antibaryon to baryon ratio is still significantly less, independent of collision centrality and transverse momentum. At high transverse momenta, we find that central and peripheral Au+Au collisions produce similar numbers of charged hadrons per participant nucleon pair, rather than per binary nucleon-nucleon collision.

Published
2003

9. PHOBOS at RHIC: Some global observations

Author

Alice Mignerey, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, A. Budzanowski, S. Gushue, F. L. H. Wolfs, R. Teng, R. Bindel, P. Sawicki, W. T. Lin, J. Michałowski, C. Halliwell, E. García, L. P. Remsberg, Andrzej Olszewski, G. A. Heintzelman, P. Sarin, B.F. Wadsworth, S. G. Steadman, K. Woźniak, P. Kulinich, A. H. Wuosmaa, M. P. Decowski, W. Skulski, Gunther Roland, Burt Holzman, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, D. McLeod, Christof Roland, Bolek Wyslouch, P. Steinberg, M. Reuter, R. S. Hollis, M. D. Baker, L.J. Rosenberg, C. Reed, A. Iordanova, B. B. Back, R. Pak, R. Holynski, Chia-Ming Kuo, Barbara Wosiek, M. Stodulski, J. L. Kane, David Jonathan Hofman, S. Manly, J. Sagerer, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, M. Ballintijn, Jaw-Luen Tang, K. Gulbrandsen, J. Hamblen, J. Katzy, E. Johnson, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Inkyu Park, N. George, W. Kucewicz, A. Sukhanov, Wit Busza, N. Khan, George Stephans, D. S. Barton, and A. A. Bickley

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Heavy ion, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Scaling
Abstract

Particle production in Au+Au collisions has been measured in the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC for a range of collision energies for a large span of pseudorapidities, |η| 65. This scaling occurs both for the total multiplicity and for highp T particles (3

Published
2003

10. The PHOBOS detector at RHIC

Author

L. P. Remsberg, W. Czyz, A. Sukhanov, B. B. Back, P. Kulinich, Christof Roland, Barbara Wosiek, Willis Lin, A. Budzanowski, J. Michałowski, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Alice Mignerey, Krzysztof Woźniak, H.W. Kraner, R. Bindel, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Pak, A. Bialas, J. Fitch, W. Bogucki, J. L. Kane, P. Haridas, C. Halliwell, A. Sanzgiri, S. Manly, M. P. Decowski, R. Teng, M. Friedl, T. Coghen, Burt Holzman, Marek Stodulski, John P. Ryan, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, J. Sinacore, Boleslaw Wyslouch, B.F. Wadsworth, C. Reed, K. Gulbrandsen, R. Baum, C Connor, Jan Godlewski, N. George, Yuan-Hann Chang, David Jonathan Hofman, E. Garcia, K. Zalewski, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, C. Gomes, M. Neal, D. Ross, P. Sawicki, F.L.H. Wolfs, W. Skulski, P. Żychowski, A. H. Wuosmaa, A. B. Hayes, P. Fita, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, J. Halik, W. Kucewicz, Peter Steinberg, K. Surowiecka, A. Straczek, S. G. Steadman, J. Katzy, A. E. Chen, Pankaj Sarin, M. Ceglia, Gunther Roland, D. McLeod, E. Johnson, E. Griesmayer, Wit Busza, M. Reuter, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, M. D. Baker, M. Patel, D. S. Barton, R. S. Hollis, Z. Stopa, J. Scaduto, Bogdan Dabrowski, W. Kita, S. Gushue, J. Shea, G. S. F. Stephans, Johannes Mülmenstädt, M. Lemler, Jaw-Luen Tang, G. A. Heintzelman, M. Despet, K. Gałuszka, C. Law, R. Holynski, J. Kotula, L.J. Rosenberg, R. Ganz, M. Strȩk, Inkyu Park, S. Basilev, J. Ligocki, and M. Plesko

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Detector, Scintillator, Charged particle, Particle identification, Particle detector, Semiconductor detector, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

This manuscript contains a detailed description of the PHOBOS experiment as it is configured for the Year 2001 running period. It is capable of detecting charged particles over the full solid angle using a multiplicity detector and measuring identified charged particles near mid-rapidity in two spectrometer arms with opposite magnetic fields. Both of these components utilize silicon pad detectors for charged particle detection. The minimization of material between the collision vertex and the first layers of silicon detectors allows for the detection of charged particles with very low transverse momenta, which is a unique feature of the PHOBOS experiment. Additional detectors include a time-of-flight wall which extends the particle identification range for one spectrometer arm, as well as sets of scintillator paddle and Cherenkov detector arrays for event triggering and centrality selection.

Published
2003

11. Array of Cherenkov radiators for PHOBOS at RHIC

Author

Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, E. Garcia, L. P. Remsberg, and R. Baum

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Vertex (computer graphics), Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Position resolution, Detector, Approx, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Position (vector), Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

An array of Cherenkov radiators (‘‘the Cherenkov counters’’) for the measurement of the vertex position of heavyion gold–gold collisions for the PHOBOS experiment at relativistic heavy ion collider is described. These simple, versatile, and highly efficient detectors provide a low bias and easily understood hardware (on-line) vertex trigger. This trigger is ready for the data-acquisition system in about 650 ns: The position resolution of the vertex distribution found by the Cherenkov counters is approx. 4 cm and is very stable as function of the centrality of the collisions. The general characteristics of the Cherenkov counters, their design parameters, and performance are presented, along with the implementation of the hardware vertex trigger used for PHOBOS during the 2001 run. r 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 29.40.Mc; 29.90.Tr

Published
2002

12. Overview of results from PHOBOS experiment at RHIC

Author

Andrzej Olszewski, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Barbara Wosiek, J. Michałowski, A. Budzanowski, F. L. H. Wolfs, C. Reed, C. Halliwell, Alice Mignerey, R. S. Hollis, N. Khan, Chia-Ming Kuo, George Stephans, B. Wadsworth, R. Bindel, D. S. Barton, K. Woźniak, D. Hicks, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, M. Rafelski, P. Sawicki, K. Gulbrandsen, J. Hamblen, S. G. Steadman, R. Teng, W. Kucewicz, A. S. Carroll, W. T. Lin, M. Stodulski, R. Verdier, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, David Jonathan Hofman, M. P. Decowski, J. Katzy, J. Sagerer, Johannes Mülmenstädt, A. H. Wuosmaa, D. McLeod, Jaw-Luen Tang, A. Iordanova, J. L. Kane, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, M. Rbeiz, R. Pak, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Peter Steinberg, P. Kulinich, S. Manly, R. Holynski, J. Corbo, E. Johnson, Wit Busza, Gunther Roland, N. George, B. B. Back, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, P. Sarin, Inkyu Park, E. Garcia, L. P. Remsberg, A. Sukhanov, Christof Roland, Bolek Wyslouch, L.J. Rosenberg, A. Oiszewski, and S. Gushue

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Pion, Elliptic flow, Particle, Particle flow, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Collision, Charged particle, Ion
Abstract

An overview of results for interactions of Au+Au ions at centre-of-mass energies of √sNN = 56, 130 and 200 GeV obtained by the PHOBOS collaboration at RHIC is given. Measurements of primary charged particle density near mid-rapidity indicate that particle production grows logarithmically with collision energy and faster than linearly with the number of interacting nucleons. Elliptic flow is found to be much stronger at RHIC than at SPS energy. The effect is strongest in peripheral events and decreases for more central collisions and emission angles |η| > 1. The measured anti-particle to particle ratios of production rates for pions, kaons and protons in central Au+Au interactions at √sNN = 130 GeV are compatible with the statistical model of particle production, showing an increasingly baryon-free region in mid-rapidity with the increase of collision energy.

Published
2002

13. Results from the PHOBOS Experiment at RHIC

Author

Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, Andrzej Olszewski, N. George, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, M. P. Decowski, P. Sarin, Inkyu Park, P. Kulinich, W. Kucewicz, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Christof Roland, J. Michałowski, C. Halliwell, C. Reed, David Jonathan Hofman, R. Pak, D. McLeod, B.F. Wadsworth, Marek Stodulski, D. S. Barton, S. G. Steadman, Krzysztof Woźniak, N. Khan, A. H. Wuosmaa, George Stephans, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, M. Reuter, F. L. H. Wolfs, Gunther Roland, R. Teng, A. Budzanowski, Peter Steinberg, M. D. Baker, A. Sukhanov, W. T. Lin, B. B. Back, Johannes Mülmenstädt, Wit Busza, E. Garcia, E. Johnson, K. Gulbrandsen, Jaw-Luen Tang, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, J. Katzy, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, R. Holynski, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, P. Sawicki, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Bolek Wyslouch, L.J. Rosenberg, Barbara Wosiek, S. Gushue, G. A. Heintzelman, and L. P. Remsberg

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Elliptic flow, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing), Bar (unit)
Abstract

Au+Au collisions have been studied at center-of-mass energies of $$\sqrt {s_{NN} } = 56$$ and 130 GeV using the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. Charged particle multiplicites have been measured as a function of center-of-mass energy, centrality and pseudo-rapidity, η. A total of 4100±400 charged particles are observed in the pseudo-rapidity range −5.4 < η < 5.4 for the most central collisions. A strong elliptic flow signal is seen in peripheral collisions at η = 0. The measurement of an antiprotons to protons ratio of $$\bar p/p = 0.60 \pm 0.04(stat) \pm 0.06(syst)$$ indicates that a nearly baryon-free region is created at midrapidity.

Published
2002

14. First performance results of the Phobos silicon detectors

Author

S. G. Steadman, Andrzej Olszewski, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, Burt Holzman, L. P. Remsberg, Inkyu Park, N. Khan, Barbara Wosiek, K. Gulbrandsen, N. George, George Stephans, A. Budzanowski, P. Sarin, P. Sawicki, W. Skulski, David Jonathan Hofman, S. Gushue, W. Kucewicz, F. L. H. Wolfs, A. H. Wuosmaa, J. Katzy, G. A. Heintzelman, W. T. Lin, M. P. Decowski, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, Johannes Mülmenstädt, Marek Stodulski, P. Kulinich, Wit Busza, Jaw-Luen Tang, Bolek Wyslouch, R. Holynski, D. McLeod, Peter Steinberg, L.J. Rosenberg, Krzysztof Woźniak, A. Sukhanov, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, E. Johnson, J. L. Kane, C. Reed, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, E. Garcia, S. Manly, J. Michałowski, C. Halliwell, B.F. Wadsworth, J. Hamblen, B. B. Back, R. Pak, Gunther Roland, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, Christof Roland, D. S. Barton, R. Teng, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Russell Richard Betts, and Conor Henderson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Signal response, Silicon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, Solid state detector, Performance results, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Instrumentation, Channel occupancy
Abstract

The Phobos experiment concluded its first year of operation at RHIC taking data in Au–Au nucleus collisions at s nn =65 GeV and 130 GeV / nucleon pair. First preliminary results of the performances of our silicon detectors in the experiment are summarized. The Phobos experiment uses silicon pad detectors for both tracking and multiplicity measurements. The silicon sensors vary strongly in their pad geometry. In this paper, we compare the signal response, the signal uniformity and signal-to-noise performance as measured in the experiment for the different geometries. Additionally, we investigate effects of very high channel occupancy on the signal response.

Published
2001

15. Array of scintillator counters for PHOBOS at RHIC

Author

E. Garcia, L. P. Remsberg, Alice Mignerey, and R. Bindel

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle number, Detector, Paddle, Scintillator, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Event (particle physics), Signal, Charged particle, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

An array of scintillator counters (“paddle counters”) for the measurement of number and energy of charged particles in heavy-ion gold–gold collisions for the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC is described. These simple, versatile, and highly efficient detectors provide a low bias and an easily understood level zero trigger. The paddle counters can also be used to select and measure event centrality. The information from the paddle counters used for triggering and event selection included the total signal height (proportional to the number of particles), the timing information of the hits, and the number of scintillators fired. The general characteristics of the paddle counters, their design parameters, and performance during the first run at RHIC are presented in this paper.

Published
2001

16. How strange is PHOBOS? First RHIC physics results and future prospects

Author

L. P. Remsberg, S. G. Steadman, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, M. Plesko, P. Sawicki, R. Verdier, Alice Mignerey, M. Strek, C. Halliwell, Christof Roland, F. L. H. Wolfs, R. Bindel, A. Białas, R. S. Hollis, J. Michałowski, W. T. Lin, A. E. Chen, J. Kotuła, J. Ligocki, P. Kulinich, Andrzej Olszewski, J. Ryan, A. Budzanowski, B.F. Wadsworth, A. Straczek, M. Despet, A. Sukhanov, C. Gomes, M. P. Decowski, D. Ross, R. Ganz, A. B. Hayes, Bolek Wyslouch, D. McLeod, E. Griesmayer, Jan Godlewski, H. Kraner, A. S. Carroll, Yuan-Hann Chang, D. S. Barton, M. Patel, J. Halik, Burt Holzman, P. Fita, C. Conner, Z. Stopa, K. Gulbrandsen, Barbara Wosiek, J. Fitch, A. Sanzgiri, C. Law, N. George, W. Skulski, A. H. Wuosmaa, B. B. Back, R. Baum, J. Scaduto, J. Katzy, P. Haridas, M. Neal, R. Holynski, K. Surowiecka, George Stephans, M. Ceglia, M. Friedl, Gunther Roland, B. D. Bates, K. Zalewski, L J Rosenberg, J. L. Kane, W. Czyz, R. Pak, S. Manly, Marek Stodulski, M. Reuter, Peter Steinberg, G. S. F. Stephans, Johannes Mülmenstädt, M. D. Baker, E. Johnson, P. Sarin, Jaw-Luen Tang, C. Reed, Bogdan Dabrowski, J. Shea, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, W. Kita, M. Lemler, E. Garcia, S. Gushue, S. Basilev, G. A. Heintzelman, K. Gałuszka, R. Teng, Inkyu Park, Wit Busza, P. Żychowski, T. Coghen, W. Kucewicz, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Krzysztof Woźniak, J. Sinacore, W. Bogucki, Russell Richard Betts, and Conor Henderson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Pseudorapidity, Strangeness production, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Charged particle, Beam (structure), Semiconductor detector, Rate of increase
Abstract

The early summer of 2000 saw the start of the RHIC experimental programme. The PHOBOS collaboration used data from the beginning of the running period to extract the first physics information about this exciting new regime. This first measurement consisted of pseudorapidity densities of primary charged particles near mid-rapidity in central Au + Au collisions at beam energies which gave centre-of-mass energies per pair of colliding nucleons of √snn = 56 and 130 GeV. The observed densities are higher than those observed previously in any collisions in the laboratory. In addition, the rate of increase in density between the two energies is significantly larger than that for nucleon-nucleon collisions at comparable beam energies. This paper will briefly describe the PHOBOS experiment (including the subset of the full detector installed for the early period of the RHIC beam), discuss the results of the first physics measurement and conclude with the prospects for the future, especially in the area of strangeness production.

Published
2001

17. Semi-inclusiveΛandKSProduction inp-Au Collisions at17.5GeV/c

Author

M. Moulson, Kenneth Francis Read, L. P. Remsberg, G. Rai, R. A. Soltz, Yanxi Zhang, R. L. McGrath, M. Rosati, Saskia Mioduszewski, D. Winter, H. Hiejima, A. D. Frawley, W. A. Zajc, M. L. Gilkes, S. P. Sorensen, M. N. Namboodiri, V. Cianciolo, Ju Hwan Kang, Y. Torun, Brian Cole, J. H. Thomas, E. P. Hartouni, S. Gushue, Richard C. Fernow, Yongcheol Shin, D. P. Morrison, N. Maeda, I. Chemakin, Xiaodong Yang, H.G. Kirk, and M. Justice

Subjects
Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Strangeness production, Multiplicity (mathematics), Strangeness, Lambda, Lambda baryon, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Baryon, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The first detailed measurements of the centrality dependence of strangeness production in p-A collisions are presented. {lambda} and K{sub S} dn/dy distributions from 17.5 GeV/c p-Au collisions are shown as a function of ''grey'' track multiplicity and the estimated number of collisions, {nu}, made by the proton. The {nu} dependence of the {Lambda} yield deviates from a scaling of p-p data by the number of participants, increasing faster than this scaling for {nu} {le} 5 and saturating for larger {nu}. A slower growth in K{sub S} multiplicity with {nu} is observed, consistent with a weaker {nu} dependence of KK-bar production than YK production.

Published
2000

18. Charged-Particle Multiplicity near Midrapidity in CentralAu+AuCollisions atsNN=56and130GeV

Author

Barbara Wosiek, H.W. Kraner, P. Haridas, L. P. Remsberg, P. Kulinich, B. D. Bates, R. Teng, M. Friedl, Alice Mignerey, S. Manly, J. Shea, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, J. Sinacore, W. Czyz, C. Conner, Bolek Wyslouch, R. Bindel, W. T. Lin, A. Sanzgiri, P. Zychowski, L.J. Rosenberg, A. E. Chen, J. L. Kane, C. Law, M. Reuter, Jan Godlewski, Andrzej Olszewski, C. Gomes, A. Sukhanov, P. Sarin, M. D. Baker, J. Kotuła, K. Gulbrandsen, K. Zalewski, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, J. Fitch, F. L. H. Wolfs, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Christof Roland, J. Katzy, A. Straczek, J. Scaduto, P. Sawicki, S. Gushue, M. Neal, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, B. B. Back, J. Halik, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Bogdan Dabrowski, A. B. Hayes, R. S. Hollis, R. Holynski, M. Plesko, G. A. Heintzelman, M. P. Decowski, K. Gałuszka, W. Kucewicz, D. McLeod, W. Kita, E. Griesmayer, A. H. Wuosmaa, A. Białas, J. Ligocki, George Stephans, C. Reed, Krzysztof Woźniak, R. Ganz, W. Bogucki, M. Strȩk, R. Baum, A. Budzanowski, D. Ross, S. G. Steadman, Inkyu Park, T. Coghen, Yuan-Hann Chang, S. Basilev, Gunther Roland, Marek Stodulski, Peter Steinberg, P. Fita, E. Johnson, J. Michałowski, C. Halliwell, B.F. Wadsworth, Z. Stopa, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, M. Patel, D. S. Barton, Johannes Mülmenstädt, K. Surowiecka, Jaw-Luen Tang, E. Garcia, M. Despet, John P. Ryan, M. Ceglia, N. George, M. Lemler, W. Skulski, and Burt Holzman

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Central region, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We present the first measurement of pseudorapidity densities of primary charged particles near midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 56 and 130 GeV. For the most central collisions, we find the charged-particle pseudorapidity density to be dN/deta|(|eta

Published
2000

19. HeatingA197uNuclei with8GeV/cAntiproton andπ−Beams

Author

L. P. Remsberg, E. M. Winchester, T. Lefort, Luc Beaulieu, E. Martin, B. B. Back, Kris Kwiatkowski, Ralph G. Korteling, V. E. Viola, W. C. Hsi, L. Pienkowski, A. Ruangma, S. Gushue, E. Ramakrishnan, Douglas J. Rowland, Sherry Yennello, H. Breuer, and Richard Laforest

Subjects
Physics, Silicon, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, Antiproton beam, Pion, chemistry, Antiproton, Pi, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Excitation, Energy (signal processing), Beam (structure)
Abstract

Comparison of the heating effect produced by 8 GeV/c {pi}{sup -} and antiproton beams incident on {sup 197}Au nuclei has been conducted with the Indiana silicon sphere 4{pi} detector array. Event reconstruction indicates formation of thermal-like heavy residues with excitation energies up to 1.7 GeV. Enhanced energy deposition is observed for antiprotons relative to negative pions. For events with excitation energies that exceed 1000 MeV, there is a 50% increase in cross section for the antiproton beam relative to the {pi}{sup -} beam. The predominant decay mode at these high excitation energies is multifragmentation in which three or more Z{>=}3 fragments are emitted. (c) 1999 The American Physical Society.

Published
1999

20. Multifragmentation with GeV light-ion beams

Author

L. P. Remsberg, David S. Ginger, S. Gushue, Douglas J. Rowland, C. Volant, W. G. Lynch, L. Pienkowski, E. Renshaw Foxford, E. C. Pollacco, H. Breuer, K. B. Morley, T. Lefort, N.R. Yoder, V. E. Viola, J. Brzychezyk, E. Ramakrishnan, F. Gimeno-Nogues, G. Wang, W. C. Hsi, E. M. Winchester, R. Legrain, Richard Laforest, Ralph G. Korteling, A. Ruangma, D. S. Bracken, A. Botvina, Hongfei Xi, Sherry Yennello, E. Martin, W. A. Friedman, E. Cornell, M. B. Tsang, and Kris Kwiatkowski

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Antiproton beam, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Breakup, Deposition (chemistry), Ion
Abstract

Multifragmentation studies with GeV light-ion beams indicate that for the most violent collisions, complex fragments are emitted during expansion of the hot source, followed by near simultaneous breakup of the system near ρ/ρ 0 ∼ 1/3. The results are compared with hybrid INC/EES and INC/SMM models. Preliminary data for the 8 GeV/c π − and preactions on 197 Au show enhanced deposition energy for the antiproton beam.

Published
1999

21. Simultaneous multiplicity and forward energy characterization of particle spectra in Au+Au collisions at11.6AGeV/c

Author

J.W. Olness, Alice Mignerey, E.-J. Kim, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, J. Luke, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, W. Eldredge, C. Chasman, Jongmin Lee, J. Engelage, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. Nagamiya, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, K. Ashktorab, Y. D. Wu, E. Garcia, D. R. Beavis, A. Kumagai, F. Zhu, K. Kurita, S. Ueno-Hayashi, H. B. Yao, L. P. Remsberg, Y. Y. Chu, W. A. Zajc, Y. Akiba, J. H. Kang, M. J. Tannenbaum, R. Seto, B. Moskowitz, M. D. Baker, H. J. Crawford, Brian Cole, C. A. Ogilvie, M. Moulson, Yasuo Miake, S. Y. Fung, Z. Chen, J. H. Thomas, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, T. C. Sangster, J. Shea, G. Heintzelman, H. C. Britt, H. Xiang, E. G. Judd, H. Sako, J. C. Dunlop, George Stephans, F. Videbæk, J. Chang, R. R. Debbe, S. G. Steadman, G. H. Xu, Luisa F. Hansen, L. Ahle, J. B. Cumming, C. Muentz, and Hideki Hamagaki

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Pion, Proton, Physics beyond the Standard Model, Observable, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Event (particle physics), Energy (signal processing), Spectral line
Abstract

In this paper Au+Au collisions at 11.6A GeV/c are characterized by two global observables: the energy measured near zero degrees (E{sub ZCAL}) and the total event multiplicity. Particle spectra are measured for different event classes that are defined in a two-dimensional grid of both global observables. For moderately central events ({sigma}/{sigma}{sub int}{lt}12{percent}) the proton dN/dy distributions do not depend on E{sub ZCAL} but only on the event multiplicity. In contrast the shape of the proton transverse spectra shows little dependence on the event multiplicity. The change in the proton dN/dy distributions suggests that different conditions are formed in the collision for different event classes. These event classes are studied for signals of new physics by measuring pion and kaon spectra and yields. In the event classes doubly selected on E{sub ZCAL} and multiplicity there is no indication of any unusual pion or kaon yields, spectra, or K/{pi} ratio even in the events with extreme multiplicity. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1999

22. Kaon production in Au+Au collisions at11.6A GeV/c

Author

J. Luke, Alice Mignerey, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, F. Zhu, M. D. Baker, H. C. Britt, R. R. Debbe, Y. Y. Chu, B. Cole, S. G. Steadman, C. A. Ogilvie, G. H. Xu, G. Heintzelman, F. Videbæk, J. Chang, K. Kurita, Yasuo Miake, J.W. Olness, J. Engelage, H. Hamagaki, R. Seto, M. J. Tannenbaum, Z. Chen, L. Ahle, B. Moskowitz, S. Ueno-Hayashi, V. Cianciolo, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, Ryugo S. Hayano, Fuqiang Wang, H. J. Crawford, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, Luisa F. Hansen, J. H. Thomas, D. R. Beavis, C. Chasman, T. C. Sangster, Y. Akiba, Jongmin Lee, E. G. Judd, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, A. Kumagai, E.-J. Kim, H. Xiang, K. Ashktorab, C. Muentz, J. B. Cumming, J. Shea, H. Sako, H. B. Yao, J. C. Dunlop, E. Garcia, George Stephans, S. Nagamiya, Y. D. Wu, S. Y. Fung, W. A. Zajc, W. Eldredge, and M. Moulson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Quark model, Hadron, Inverse, Production (computer science), Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing), Spectral line
Abstract

A systematic study of the spectra and yields of K{sup +} and K{sup {minus}} is reported by experiment E866 as a function of centrality in Au+Au collisions at 11.6A GeV/c. The invariant transverse spectra for both kaon species are well described by exponentials in m{sub t}, with inverse slope parameters that are largest at midrapidity and which increase with centrality. The inverse slopes of the K{sup +} spectra are slightly larger than the inverse slopes of the K{sup {minus}} spectra. The kaon rapidity density peaks at midrapidity with the K{sup +} distribution wider in rapidity than K{sup {minus}}. The integrated total yields of K{sup +} and K{sup {minus}} increase nonlinearly and steadily with the number of projectile participants. The yield per participant for kaons is two to three times larger than the yield from N-N collisions. This enhancement suggests that the majority of kaons in central Au+Au reactions are produced in secondary hadronic collisions. There is no evidence for an onset of additional kaon production from a possible small volume of baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma. The differences between K{sup +} and K{sup {minus}} rapidity distributions and transverse spectra are consistent with a lower phase space for K{sup {minus}} production due tomore » a higher energy threshold. These differences also exclude simple thermal models that assume emission from a common equilibrated system. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}« less

Published
1998

23. Antiproton Production inAu+AuCollisions at11.7AGeV/c

Author

Ryugo S. Hayano, J. Chang, Kenta Shigaki, F. Zhu, S. Y. Fung, J. C. Dunlop, H. Sako, J. B. Cumming, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, S. Nagamiya, Yang Wu, R. A. Soltz, Brian Cole, S. Gushue, K. Kurita, D. R. Beavis, J. Luke, H. Xiang, J.W. Olness, C. Chasman, K. Ashktorab, W. A. Zajc, L. Ahle, J. H. Thomas, Jongmin Lee, T. C. Sangster, E. Garcia, R. Seto, V. Cianciolo, M. D. Baker, S. Ueno-Hayashi, F. Videbæk, C. Muentz, R. R. Debbe, J. Engelage, Y. Y. Chu, J. Shea, S. G. Steadman, C. A. Ogilvie, C. Y. Chi, M. Moulson, G. H. Xu, George Stephans, Yasuo Miake, Fuqiang Wang, E. G. Judd, E. J. Kim, Hideki Hamagaki, Luisa F. Hansen, G. Heintzelman, Z. Chen, H. Yao, W. Eldredge, A. Kumagai, M. J. Tannenbaum, H. J. Crawford, Alice Mignerey, H. C. Britt, Y. Akiba, B. Moskowitz, K. Yagi, and M. N. Namboodiri

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear structure, General Physics and Astronomy, Kinetic energy, Nuclear matter, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, Antimatter, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Scaling
Abstract

Antiproton production in 11.7A GeV/c Au+Au collisions over a wide transverse-mass coverage was studied using the AGS-E866 experimental apparatus. The mean transverse kinetic energy increases as a function of centrality and is similar to that of protons. The antiproton yields in Si+Al , Si+Au , and Au+Au collisions are consistent with scaling with the 0.7 power of the number of participant nucleons. Copyright 1998, The American Physical Society

Published
1998

24. Sideways-peaked angular distributions in hadron-induced multifragmentation: Shock waves, geometry, or kinematics?

Author

F. Gimeno-Nogues, K. Kwiatkowski, G. Wang, W. A. Friedman, W. G. Lynch, H. Breuer, W.-c. Hsi, Ralph G. Korteling, V. E. Viola, Hongfei Xi, S. Gushue, E. Cornell, Douglas J. Rowland, D. S. Bracken, M. B. Tsang, A. Botvina, R. Huang, Sherry Yennello, David S. Ginger, N.R. Yoder, K. B. Morley, L. P. Remsberg, and E. Ramakrishnan

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Shock wave, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Recoil, Cascade, Hadron, Multiplicity (chemistry), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Breakup, Kinetic energy, Nuclear matter
Abstract

Exclusive studies of sideways-peaked angular distributions for intermediate-mass fragments (IMFs) produced in hadron-induced reactions have been performed with the Indiana silicon sphere (ISiS) detector array. The effect becomes prominent for beam momenta above about 10thinspGeV/c. Both the magnitude of the effect and the peak angle increase as a function of fragment multiplicity and charge. When gated on IMF kinetic energy, the angular distributions evolve from forward peaked to nearly isotropic as the fragment energy decreases. Fragment-fragment correlation studies show no evidence for a preferred angle that might signal a fast dynamic breakup mechanism. Moving-source and intranuclear cascade simulations suggest a possible kinematic origin arising from significant transverse momentum imparted to the recoil nucleus during the fast cascade. A two-step cascade and statistical multifragmentation calculation is consistent with the data. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1998

25. Proton, deuteron, and triton emission at target rapidity in Au+Au collisions at10.20AGeV: Spectra and directed flow

Author

K. Ashktorab, Fuqiang Wang, S. Homma, S. Ueno-Hayashi, B. Moskowitz, M. Moulson, R. A. Soltz, H. Sako, Y. D. Wu, T. C. Sangster, K. Kurita, S. Gushue, R. Seto, T. Sung, J. Luke, W. A. Zajc, Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, D. R. Beavis, V. Cianciolo, M. Gonin, Q. Zhu, M. J. LeVine, M. J. Tannenbaum, Ryugo S. Hayano, L. Hansen, F. Zhu, E. G. Judd, Y. Y. Chu, C. Chasman, H. J. Crawford, J. Engelage, F. Videbæk, J. Chang, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, L. P. Remsberg, S. Y. Fung, J. H. Kang, J. B. Cumming, S. Nagamiya, J. J. Gaardhoje, M. D. Baker, Z. Chen, Brian Cole, A. Kumagai, W. Eldredge, T. K. Nayak, J. H. Thomas, G. Heintzelman, H. C. Britt, J.W. Olness, D. S. Woodruff, C. A. Ogilvie, George Stephans, Yasuo Miake, Y. Wang, Y. Akiba, S. Tonse, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, L. Ahle, Alex Hansen, H. Kaneko, R. R. Debbe, S. G. Steadman, and G. H. Xu

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Hodoscope, Deuterium, Pseudorapidity, Rapidity, Emission spectrum, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Systematic results are presented on proton, deuteron, and triton emission from the target spectator region in collisions of 10.20A GeV gold projectiles with a gold target. A forward hodoscope utilizes detection of projectile spectator fragments to determine the orientation of the reaction plane, event by event. The directed flow {l_angle}p{sub x}{r_angle} is determined as a function of pseudorapidity. Projectile spectator energy is used to estimate impact parameters. Results are compared to current theoretical models ARC, ART, and RQMD. In all cases good agreement with theory is obtained for calculations utilizing a pure cascade without nuclear potential contributions. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1998

26. Multifragmentation: thermal vs. dynamic effects

Author

F. Gimeno-Nogues, L. P. Remsberg, E. Cornell, V. E. Viola, S. Gushue, W. G. Lynch, K. B. Morley, D. S. Bracken, W.-c. Hsi, E. Ramakrishnan, C. Volant, K. Kwiatkowski, E. Renshaw Foxford, E. C. Pollacco, M. B. Tsang, David S. Ginger, Ralph G. Korteling, N.R. Yoder, Hongfei Xi, Sherry Yennello, H. Breuer, and G. Wang

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Thermal, Hermetic detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Saturation (chemistry), Beam (structure)
Abstract

Reactions of 1.8 – 4.8 GeV 3He, 5.0 – 9.2 GeV/c π− and 6.0 – 14.6 GeV/c protons with natAg and 197Au targets have been studied with the ISiS 4π detector array. From reconstructed events, excitation-energy distributions have been determined and combined with a 2,3H3,4He isotope-ratio thermometer to study the heating curve for the thermal-like component of these reactions. Dynamic effects also manifest themselves in the data, as evidenced by deposition-energy saturation above ∼5 GeV, IMF emission during expansion, and sideways peaking of the IMF angular distributions for beam energies Eb ≥ 10 GeV.

Published
1998

27. Particle production at high baryon density in central Au+Au reactions at 11.6AGeV/c

Author

T. Sung, Alice Mignerey, S. Tonse, L. Hansen, J. Shea, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, C. Muentz, C. A. Ogilvie, E. G. Judd, Yasuo Miake, R. R. Debbe, Y. Wang, F. Videbæk, J. Chang, S. G. Steadman, H. Xiang, G. H. Xu, P. Rothschild, J. Luke, M. J. Tannenbaum, S. Nagamiya, K. Ashktorab, Daniel S. Zachary, J. J. Gaardhøje, Hideki Hamagaki, H. J. Crawford, G. Heintzelman, M. Gonin, W. Eldredge, Brian Cole, J. H. Thomas, Q. Zhu, L. Ahle, D. R. Beavis, Alex Hansen, Y. Akiba, M. J. LeVine, J. B. Cumming, E.-J. Kim, H. Kaneko, C. Chasman, H. C. Britt, S. Ueno-Hayashi, B. Moskowitz, Y. Y. Chu, A. Kumagai, Jongmin Lee, E. Garcia, S. Park, Z. Chen, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, T. C. Sangster, K. Kurita, J. Engelage, Ryugo S. Hayano, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, M. D. Baker, M. Moulson, F. Zhu, George Stephans, D. P. Morrison, H. Sako, J. C. Dunlop, R. Seto, J.W. Olness, S. Y. Fung, W. A. Zajc, S. Homma, and Y. D. Wu

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear matter, Spectral line, Ion, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, State of matter, Rapidity, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Semi-inclusive proton and pion distributions from central Au+Au reactions at 11.6A GeV/c have been measured. The proton rapidity distribution shows significantly increased stopping compared to lighter systems, providing strong evidence for the formation of a state of matter with baryon density substantially greater than normal nuclear matter. Unlike reactions at this energy induced by lighter heavy ions, at low m{sub t}-m{sub 0} the proton invariant spectra deviate from a single exponential shape and become flatter, while {pi}{sup {minus}} spectra are found to rise faster than the {pi}{sup +} spectra. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1998

28. Probing the nuclear EOS with GeV light-ion beams

Author

Hongfei Xi, K.B. Morley, Sherry Yennello, N.R. Yoder, E. C. Pollacco, M. B. Tsang, E. Cornell, E. Renshaw Foxford, Y. Y. Chu, Ralph G. Korteling, L. P. Remsberg, K. Kwiatkowski, J. Brzychczyk, G. Wang, M. J. Huang, R. Legrain, F. Gimeno-Nogues, S. Gushue, W.-c. Hsi, E. Ramakrishnan, H. Breuer, David S. Ginger, Douglas J. Rowland, W. G. Lynch, D. S. Bracken, V. E. Viola, and C. Volant

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Projectile, Nuclear Theory, Atomic physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Excitation, Ion
Abstract

The first 4π studies of identified light-charged-particles and IMFs emitted in the p, π − + 197 Au reactions above 5 GeV/c are reported. Multiplicity and angular distributions show little sensitivity to either bombarding energy or projectile type. Excitation energy distributions obtained from data for the 4.8 GeV 3 He + 197 Au reaction yield values up to E ∗ ≲ 1500 MeV and E ∗ A residue ≲ 10 MeV/nucleon . Analysis of large-angle, IMF-IMF correlations for this same system suggests that multifragmentation is a fast, time-dependent process.

Published
1997

29. Two-particle rapidity correlations from the Bose-Einstein effect in central28Si+Au collisions at14.6AGeV/cand intermittency

Author

V. Cianciolo, D. R. Beavis, Fuqiang Wang, D. P. Morrison, S. Hayashi, F. Videbæk, T. Sung, D. Roehrich, J.W. Olness, B. Budick, H. C. Britt, J. Engelage, W. L. Kehoe, Brian Cole, Hiroshi Kaneko, C. G. Parsons, J. H. Thomas, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, Xiaodong Yang, R. Seto, S. Homma, H. E. Wegner, Y. Y. Chu, O. Hansen, C. Y. Chi, S. Tonse, L. P. Remsberg, R. R. Debbe, Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, M. N. Namboodiri, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. H. Kang, S. G. Steadman, Y. Tanaka, Yang Wu, J. B. Cumming, H. J. Crawford, O. Vossnack, B. Moskowitz, George Stephans, Y. Wang, Y. Akiba, S. B. Kaufman, Yasuo Miake, R. J. Morse, T. C. Sangster, Z. Chen, J. B. Costales, J. H. van Dijk, P. Beery, P. Stankus, R. J. Ledoux, W. A. Zajc, V. Vutsadakis, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, M. Gonin, M. J. LeVine, C. Chasman, S. Nagamiya, T. K. Nayak, Ryugo S. Hayano, K. Kurita, P. Rothschild, D. S. Woodruff, and S. Y. Fung

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, symbols.namesake, Strange matter, Particle physics, Pion, Bose–Einstein statistics, Pseudorapidity, Hadron, symbols, Rapidity, Multiplicity (chemistry), Charged particle
Abstract

In previous work, the E802 Collaboration at the BNL-AGS used negative binomial distribution (NBD) fits to charged particle multiplicity distributions from central collisions of {sup 16}O+Cu at 14.6A GeV/c to derive the two-particle short-range rapidity correlation length and strength. These turned out to be much shorter and weaker than the values for hadron collisions, which led to a simple and elegant explanation of intermittency. In the present work, a direct measurement of the two-particle correlation of identified pions in the E802/E859 magnetic spectrometer is performed in the interval 1.5{le}y{le}2.0 for central {sup 28}Si+Au collisions, both in terms of Q{sub inv}={radical}({vert_bar}{rvec q}{vert_bar}{sup 2}{minus}q{sub 0}{sup 2}), where q=p{sub 2}{minus}p{sub 1}=({rvec q},q{sub 0}), and also in terms of {vert_bar}{eta}{sub 2}{minus}{eta}{sub 1}{vert_bar} and {vert_bar}y{sub 2}{minus}y{sub 1}{vert_bar}, where p,{eta}, and {ital y} are the four-momentum, pseudorapidity, and rapidity of the pions. It is demonstrated that the two-pion correlation in rapidity (and pseudorapidity) is entirely due to the Bose-Einstein interference. The directly measured correlation length in both {eta} and {ital y} is {xi}=0.19{plus_minus}0.03 for two {pi}{sup {minus}}, with strength R(0,0){approximately}1{percent}, in agreement with the previous E802 indirect measurements derived from the NBD analysis of intermittency. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1997

30. Formation of Hot Nuclei with GeVpandπ−Beams

Author

H. Breuer, M. J. Huang, E. Cornell, L. P. Remsberg, K. Kwiatkowski, K. B. Morley, D. S. Bracken, David S. Ginger, E. Ramakrishnan, G. Wang, V. E. Viola, Ralph G. Korteling, W.-c. Hsi, M. B. Tsang, F. Gimeno-Nogures, W. G. Lynch, S. Gushue, Douglas J. Rowland, Y. Y. Chu, Hongfei Xi, Sherry Yennello, and N.R. Yoder

Subjects
Physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Multiplicity (mathematics), Charged particle, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Cascade, medicine, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus, Beam (structure), Excitation
Abstract

4{pi} studies of multiple charged-particle emission in GeV {pi}{sup {minus}} - and proton-induced reactions on a Au target have been performed with the ISiS detector array. Multiplicity, charge, and angular distributions yield nearly identical results for both p and {pi}{sup {minus}} beams, suggesting an independence of hadron type in initiating the fast cascade and subsequent energy deposition in the struck nucleus. The excitation functions show little sensitivity to beam momentum, consistent with a saturation in deposition energy and the concept of limiting fragmentation. However, the intermediate mass fragment multiplicities and fragment charge distributions depend strongly on collision violence. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1997

31. Baryon emission at target rapidities inSi+Al,Cu,Aucollisions at14.6AGeV/candAu+Aucollisions at11.7AGeV/c

Author

S. Hayashi, Yasuo Miake, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, D. S. Woodruff, T. C. Sangster, V. Vustadakis, S. Homma, R. J. Ledoux, Brian Cole, J. B. Cumming, J. H. Thomas, H. E. Wegner, Y. D. Wu, D. Roerich, R. A. Soltz, B. Moskowitz, B. Budick, S. Gushue, S. Tonse, H. Kaneko, K. Yagi, F. Videbæk, M. N. Namboodiri, W. L. Kehoe, M. J. Tannenbaum, P. Rothschild, D. P. Morrison, O. Vossnack, C. G. Parsons, S. Y. Fung, P. Stankus, H. C. Britt, H. J. Crawford, X. Yang, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, T. Sung, R. R. Debbe, R. J. Morse, Y. Y. Chu, S. B. Kaufman, J.W. Olness, Y. Akiba, J. Engelage, S. Ueno, S. G. Steadman, George Stephans, Z. Chen, Y. Wang, R. Seto, W. A. Zajc, J. H. van Dijk, D. R. Beavis, Y. Tanaka, J. B. Costales, Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, L. P. Remsberg, P. Beery, L. Ahle, M. Gonin, M. J. LeVine, S. Nagamiya, C. Chasman, T. K. Nayak, Ryugo S. Hayano, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, K. Kurita, and Ju Hwan Kang

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Degree (graph theory), Nuclear Theory, Inverse, Kinetic energy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pseudorapidity, Atomic physics, Proton emission, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of proton emission at target rapidities for minimum bias and central collisions of 14.6AGeV/c {sup 28}Si with Al, Cu, and Au nuclei as well as minimum bias and central collisions of 11.7AGeV/c {sup 197}Au with Au nuclei. Results for deuteron emission are also reported for the Si+Au reaction. The spectra span the laboratory angular range of 50{degree}{le}{theta}{le}130{degree} and kinetic energy range of 40MeV{le}E{sub kin}{le}225MeV. Inverse slopes of proton spectra and proton dN/d{eta} values in the kinetic energy range 50MeV{le}E{sub kin}{le}110MeV are reported. The inverse slopes are 40{endash}80 MeV for the various systems, generally increasing with increasing pseudorapidity. The dN/d{eta} values for A+A collisions within the restricted kinetic energy interval are compared to those for protons from p+Au in the literature. All pseudorapidity distributions have very similar shapes. The experimental results have been compared to the predictions of the nucleon-nucleon collision models ARC and RQMD. The predictions made by these two models for the distribution of protons at target rapidities are very similar to each other. However, there are significant differences between the model predictions and the experimental results in the details of the spectral slopes and the proton yields for different trigger conditions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {italmore » The American Physical Society}« less

Published
1997

32. Production ofφMesons in CentralS28i+A196uCollisions at14.6AGeV/c

Author

Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, O. Vossnack, Ole Hansen, H. C. Britt, J.W. Olness, J. Engelage, J. B. Costales, T. Sung, F. Videbæk, M. J. Tannenbaum, R. A. Soltz, B. Moskowitz, D. Roehrich, J. B. Cumming, R. R. Debbe, P. Beery, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, H. J. Crawford, S. Gushue, Ryugo S. Hayano, L. P. Remsberg, P. Rothschild, S. G. Steadman, J. H. Kang, S. Y. Fung, D. S. Woodruff, P. W. Stankus, Yang Wu, D. R. Beavis, S. B. Kaufman, Y. Wang, Y. Y. Chu, Y. Akiba, B. Budick, Yasuo Miake, S. Nagamiya, Brian Cole, Xiaodong Yang, Hiroshi Kaneko, Y. Tanaka, W. L. Kehoe, R. Seto, Z. Chen, H. E. Wegner, R. J. Ledoux, M. Gonin, J. H. van Dijk, C. G. Parsons, M. J. LeVine, K. Kurita, Shinichi Hayashi, C. Chasman, Juergen Thomas, T. K. Nayak, C. Y. Chi, S. Homma, T. C. Sangster, George Stephans, R. J. Morse, D. P. Morrison, W. A. Zajc, V. Cianciolo, V. Vutsadakis, S. Tonse, M. N. Namboodiri, and Fuqiang Wang

Subjects
Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Production (economics), Pulp and paper industry
Published
1996

33. Erratum to: 'Recent results from PHOBOS at RHIC'

Author

Gunther Roland, L. P. Remsberg, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, N. Khan, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, P. Sarin, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, K. Gulbrandsen, A. Budzanowski, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Holynski, B. B. Back, J. Katzy, M. P. Decowski, P. Sawicki, A. H. Wuosmaa, R. Teng, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, E. García, F. L. H. Wolfs, S. Gushue, P. Kulinich, A. Iordanova, C. Reed, J. Michałowski, Inkyu Park, C. Halliwell, Krzysztof Wozniak, G. A. Heintzelman, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, B.F. Wadsworth, Barbara Wosiek, Bolek Wyslouch, N. George, M. Reuter, W. Skulski, Marek Stodulski, M. D. Baker, Burt Holzman, L.J. Rosenberg, S. G. Steadman, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, R. S. Hollis, David Jonathan Hofman, Chia-Ming Kuo, J. L. Kane, W. T. Lin, S. Manly, M. Ballintijn, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, J. Hamblen, J. Sagerer, D. McLeod, Jaw-Luen Tang, W. Kucewicz, A. Sukhanov, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Christof Roland, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, and George Stephans

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
2004

34. Low-p T spectra of identified charged particles in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions from PHOBOS experiment at RHIC

Author

N. George, Russell Richard Betts, Barbara Wosiek, S. Gushue, Conor Henderson, B. B. Back, W. Skulski, G. A. Heintzelman, D. S. Barton, Gunther Roland, A. A. Bickley, C. Halliwell, R. Teng, M. P. Decowski, Krzysztof Woźniak, J. L. Kane, B.F. Wadsworth, George Stephans, A. H. Wuosmaa, S. Manly, P. Kulinich, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, David Jonathan Hofman, P. Sarin, R. S. Hollis, P. Sawicki, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Peter Steinberg, F. L. H. Wolfs, M. Reuter, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, D. McLeod, A. S. Carroll, E. Johnson, W. Kucewicz, Bolek Wyslouch, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, R. Verdier, M. D. Baker, L.J. Rosenberg, K. Gulbrandsen, N. Khan, J. Katzy, C. Reed, A. Sukhanov, E. García, S. G. Steadman, Christof Roland, A. Budzanowski, Wit Busza, R. Pak, W. T. Lin, Inkyu Park, Andrzej Olszewski, Chia-Ming Kuo, Burt Holzman, M. Ballintijn, J. Sagerer, J. Hamblen, Jaw-Luen Tang, R. Holynski, A. Iordanova, and L. P. Remsberg

Subjects
Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, Antiproton, Antimatter, Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

The PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), comprising the spectrometer with multiple layers of silicon wafers, is an excellent detector for very low transverse momentum (p T ) particles. Transverse momentum distributions of π–+π+, K–+K+ and $p+\overline{p}$ produced at mid-rapidity are presented for the 15% most central Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The momentum ranges for measured particles are from 30 to 50 MeV/c for pions, 90 to 130 MeV/c for kaons and 140 to 210 MeV/c for protons and antiprotons. The measurement method is briefly described. A comparison of the p T spectra to experimental results at higher particle momenta and to model predictions is discussed. PACS: 25.75.-q

Published
2004

35. Multiplicity distributions from central collisions ofO16+Cu at 14.6AGeV/cand intermittency

Author

Y. Y. Chu, C. G. Parsons, S. Katcoff, M. Tanaka, J. B. Costales, M. Vient, Lee Grodzins, Y. Akiba, P. E. Haustein, Z. Chen, Yasuo Miake, J. H. van Dijk, W. A. Watson, P. Beery, J. B. Cumming, Ole Hansen, D. S. Woodruff, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, Ma Bloomer, F. Videbæk, J.W. Olness, Yuichi Ikeda, S. Y. Fung, David E. Alburger, S. Gushue, E. Vulgaris, R. R. Debbe, P. Vincent, S. Nagamiya, M. Sarabura, S. G. Steadman, J. Engelage, Toru Sugitate, D. R. Beavis, T. Abbott, W. A. Zajc, R. J. Ledoux, H. Z. Huang, H. E. Wegner, George Stephans, V. Vutsadakis, Brian Cole, P. D. Bond, M. J. Tannenbaum, Hideki Hamagaki, R. Seto, H. J. Crawford, S. B. Kaufman, E. Duek, R. J. Morse, S. Homma, M. Torikoshi, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, M. J. LeVine, C. Chasman, and P. J. Lindstrom

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Hadron, Multiplicity (mathematics), Charged particle, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Intermittency, Pseudorapidity, Bibliography, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

The E-802 Collaboration at the BNL-AGS has measured charged particle multiplicity distributions from central (ZCAL) collisions of {sup 16}O+Cu at 14.6{ital A} GeV/{ital c} as a function of the pseudorapidity interval {delta}{eta}{ge}0.1 in the range 1.2{le}{eta}{le}2.2. The fluctuations of these distributions as a function of the pseudorapidity interval have been studied by the method of normalized factorial moments and also by directly fitting the measurements to negative binomial distributions (NBD). Excellent fits to NBD were obtained in all {delta}{eta} bins, allowing, for the first time, a systematic formulation of the subject of intermittency in terms of distributions to complement the description based on normalized factorial moments. In agreement with all previous measurements of NBD fits to multiplicity distributions in hadron and lepton reactions, the {ital k} parameter of the NBD fit for central {sup 16}O+Cu collisions is found to exhibit an apparently linear increase with the {delta}{eta} interval, albeit with a much steeper slope than for other reactions, and a nonzero intercept, {ital k}(0){ne}0. The evolution of the NBD parameter {ital k}({delta}{eta}) is used to determine the two-particle short-range rapidity correlation length for central {sup 16}O+Cu collisions, {xi}=0.18{plus_minus}0.05, which is much shorter than the value {xi}{similar_to}1--3 for hadron collisions, butmore » this is a quantitative rather than a qualitative difference. These results lead to a simple and elegant explanation of the intermittency formalism, without resort to fractals, for all reactions, which demystifies intermittency---for {sup 16}O+Cu central collisions, intermittency is nothing more than the apparent statistical independence of the multiplicity in small pseudorapidity bins, {delta}{eta}{similar_to}0.2, due to the surprisingly short two-particle rapidity correlation length.« less

Published
1995

36. Recent results from E866

Author

W. Eldredge, M. Moulson, L. Ahle, Alice Mignerey, J.W. Olness, J. Luke, L. P. Remsberg, Hideki Hamagaki, Y. Wang, George Stephans, H. C. Britt, H. Kaneko, M. Gonin, H. Sako, Q. Zhu, M. Le Vine, J. H. Kang, Brian Cole, C. Chasman, J. H. Thomas, E.-J. Kim, R. R. Debbe, D. S. Woodruff, S. Gushue, S. G. Steadman, J. Ryan, W. A. Zajc, M. D. Baker, G. H. Xu, J. Engelage, Jongmin Lee, J. B. Cumming, S. Nagamiya, M. J. Tannenbaum, S. Hayashi, B. Moskowitz, H. J. Crawford, Z. Chen, D. R. Beavis, S. Y. Fung, H. Xiang, F. Zhu, V. Cianciolo, H. Liu, K. Ashktorab, R. Seto, Fuqiang Wang, Y. Y. Chu, T. C. Sangster, F. Videbæk, J. Chang, X. Yang, S. Homma, Y. D. Wu, Luisa F. Hansen, G. Heintzelman, E. G. Judd, Ryugo S. Hayano, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, K. Kurita, J. Shea, C. A. Ogilvie, Yasuo Miake, R. A. Soltz, Y. Akiba, A. Kumagai, K. Yagi, and M. N. Namboodiri

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Spectrometer, Nuclear Theory, Multiplicity (mathematics), Nuclear physics, Strange matter, Pion, Reaction dynamics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The E866 experimental setup has been upgraded by addition of a forward spectrometer to handle the large multiplicities in central Au+Au collisions at AGS. Furthermore new global detectors have been added to gain insight into the reaction dynamics and enable studies of flow effects. The report presents preliminary rapidity distributions for protons and produced mesons in central collisions. The shape of m{sub t}-spectra of pions is discussed. Examples of the measurements which can be done with a new multiplicity array are presented.

Published
1995

37. Charged hadron transverse momentum distributions in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 200 GeV

Author

R. Pak, Pankaj Sarin, A. Iordanova, C.M. Kuo, A. Sukhanov, K. Gulbrandsen, S. Gushue, Willis Lin, J. Katzy, M. Ballintijn, Alice Mignerey, F.L.H. Wolfs, Russell Richard Betts, G. A. Heintzelman, Conor Henderson, M. P. Decowski, N. George, Wit Busza, J. Hamblen, R. Bindel, J. Michałowski, M. Reuter, W. Skulski, P. Kulinich, S. Manly, R. Teng, Burt Holzman, P. Sawicki, W. Kucewicz, R. S. Hollis, Gunther Roland, C. Halliwell, Peter A. Steinberg, B. K. Wosiek, B.F. Wadsworth, Rachid Nouicer, E. García, S. G. Steadman, J. L. Kane, A. Trzupek, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, A. H. Wuosmaa, J. Sagerer, G. S. F. Stephans, Jaw-Luen Tang, A. Budzanowski, R. Holynski, D. S. Barton, M. D. Baker, A. A. Bickley, Krzysztof Woźniak, B.B. Back, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, M. Stodulski, Inkyu Park, N. Khan, E. Johnson, Catherine L. Reed, Christof Roland, D. McLeod, L J Rosenberg, David Jonathan Hofman, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, Boleslaw Wyslouch, Andrzej Olszewski, and L. P. Remsberg

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Scaling
Abstract

at √ s NN = 200 GeV. The spectra were measured for transverse momenta pT from 0.25 to 4.5 GeV/c in a rapidity range of 0.2 < y� < 1.4. The evolution of the spectra is studied as a function of collision centrality, from 65 to 344 participating nucleons. The results are compared to data from proton- antiproton collisions and Au+Au collisions at lower RHIC energies. We find a significant change of the spectral shape between proton-antiproton and peripheral Au+Au collisions. Comparing peripheral to central Au+Au collisions, we find that the yields at high pT exhibit approximate scaling with the number of participating nucleons, rather than scaling with the number of binary collisions.

Published
2003

38. Intermittency in central collisions of 16O+A at 14.6A GeV/c

Author

S.G. Steadman, M. Sarabura, R. R. Debbe, H. Hamagaki, S. Y. Fung, G.S.F. Stephans, M. J. Tannenbaum, O. Hansen, J. Kang, M. Tanaka, Toru Sugitate, E. Vulgaris, D. R. Beavis, P. Beery, M. Torikoshi, J.W. Olness, Yasuo Miake, J. Engelage, W. A. Zajc, W. A. Watson, J.B. Costales, H.Z. Huang, Ma Bloomer, T. Abbott, P. Vincent, Yuichi Ikeda, P. E. Haustein, C.G. Parsons, L. Grodzins, S. B. Kaufman, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, P. D. Bond, H. E. Wegner, R.J. Morse, R. Seto, J. B. Cumming, D. Alburger, S. Homma, H.J. Crawford, E. Duek, R.J. Ledoux, V. Vutsadakis, D.S. Woodruff, P.J. Lindstrom, M. J. LeVine, S. Katcoff, M. Vient, C. Chasman, B.A. Cole, S. Gushue, Y. Akiba, Y. Y. Chu, Z. Chen, J. H. van Dijk, S. Nagamiya, L. P. Remsberg, and F. Videbaek

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Charged particle, Bin, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Intermittency, Pseudorapidity, Moment (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Scaling
Abstract

Fluctuations in pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles from central collisions of 16 O+Al and 16 O+Cu at 14.6 A GeV/ c are analyzed using scaled factorial moments. A power-law growth of moments with decreasing bin size is observed down to δη ∼ 0.1. About half the measured signal remains after making corrections based on Monte Carlo calculations with Fritiof and GEANT which include γ-conversions, Dalitz decays and detector effects.

Published
1994

39. Charged hadron distributions in central and peripheral Si+Acollisions at 14.6AGeV/c

Author

S. Y. Fung, Toru Sugitate, D. R. Beavis, W. A. Zajc, H. E. Wegner, P. D. Bond, J. B. Cumming, Yasuo Miake, Ole Hansen, Ma Bloomer, S. Homma, S. Gushue, D. S. Woodruff, R. J. Ledoux, V. Vutsadakis, J. B. Costales, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, B. Moskowitz, M. Vient, F. Videbæk, K. Kimura, J.W. Olness, Shinichi Hayashi, T. Abbott, Hideki Hamagaki, S. Nagamiya, Y. Akiba, C. G. Parsons, S. Katcoff, Z. Chen, P. W. Stankus, P. Vincent, R. J. Morse, G. S. F. Stephans, R. R. Debbe, J. H. van Dijk, S. G. Steadman, K. Kitamura, Brian Cole, M. Sarabura, Y. Tanaka, Y. Y. Chu, S. B. Kaufman, I. Juricic, Ryugo S. Hayano, Yuichi Ikeda, J. Engelage, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, Yang Wu, M. J. Tannenbaum, M. Gonin, H. J. Crawford, M. J. LeVine, K. Kurita, C. Chasman, and H. Z. Huang

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Hadron, Mass spectrum, Transverse mass, Rapidity, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Kinetic energy, Charged particle, Spectral line
Abstract

The AGS spectrometer experiment E-802 has measured transverse mass spectra for charged hadrons over a wide rapidity interval in Si+Au, Si+Cu, and Si+Al reactions at 14.6A Gev/c. These results are compared for two different trigger conditions: central collisions corresponding to 7% of the inelastic cross section selected on multiplicity of charged particles and peripheral collisions corresponding to roughly 50% of the inelastic cross section selected on high kinetic energy at zero degrees. The invariant spectra are well described by exponentials in transverse mass allowing the extraction of rapidity distributions and inverse slope parameters for each specie emitted in the different reactions.

Published
1994

40. Global transverse energy distributions in Si+Al, Au at 14.6A GeV/c and Au+Au at 11.6A GeV/c

Author

J. B. Costales, S. Tonse, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, O. Hansen, F. Videbæk, S. Hayashi, X. Yang, M. J. Tannenbaum, S. Y. Fung, Y. Wang, J. Kang, H. C. Britt, J. Engelage, L. Ahle, L. P. Remsberg, R. Seto, D. P. Morrison, O. Vossnack, Hank Crawford, Yasuo Miake, J.W. Olness, S. Homma, R. R. Debbe, K. Kurita, D. R. Beavis, S. G. Steadman, Y. Akiba, Y. D. Wu, B. Moskowitz, T. Sung, Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, B. Budick, H. Kaneko, P. Rothschild, S. Ueno, W. A. Zajc, W. L. Kehoe, D. S. Woodruff, George Stephans, Ryugo S. Hayano, M. Gonin, Kenta Shigaki, C. Y. Chi, S. Nagamiya, M. J. LeVine, H. E. Wegner, C. Chasman, T. K. Nayak, J. B. Cumming, S. B. Kaufman, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, T. C. Sangster, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, Y. Y. Chu, Z. Chen, J. H. van Dijk, J. H. Thomas, and Brian Cole

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, Projectile, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, chemistry, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Beam energy, Energy (signal processing), Beam (structure)
Abstract

Measurements of the global transverse energy distributions dσ / dE T and dE T / dη using the new AGS beam of 197 Au at 11.6 A GeV/ c on a Au target, as well as a beam of 28 Si at 14.6 A GeV/ c on Al and Au targets, are presented for a leadglass detector with acceptance 1.3 ≤ η ≤ 2.4 and 0 ≤ φ π . The dσ / dE T spectra are observed to have different shapes for the different systems and simple energy rescaling does not account for the projectile dependence. The Au+Au dσ / dE T spectrum is satisfactorily constructed from the upper edge of Si+Au by the geometric Wounded Projectile Nucleon Model after applying a correction for the beam energy.

Published
1994

41. Recent results from E859 using Si beams at 146 A

Author

G.S.F. Stephans, M. J. Tannenbaum, Fuqiang Wang, H. J. Crawford, Ryugo S. Hayano, Juergen Thomas, Z. Chen, J. B. Costales, J. Engelage, R. R. Debbe, P. Beery, P. W. Stankus, S. G. Steadman, S. B. Kaufman, M. Gonin, R. A. Soltz, M. J. LeVine, S. Gushue, K. Kurita, Ole Hansen, P. Rothschild, Hiroshi Kaneko, S. Homma, C. Y. Chi, D. S. Woodruff, Y. Tanaka, R. Seto, C. Chasman, O. Vossnack, B. Budick, W. L. Kehoe, T. Sung, B. Moskowitz, D. P. Morrison, Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, C. G. Parsons, Y. Wang, H. C. Britt, Brian Cole, J.W. Olness, J.H. Vandijk, J. B. Cumming, Y. Y. Chu, H. Sakurai, S. Y. Fung, D. R. Beavis, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Kang, Yang Wu, R. J. Morse, S. Nagamiya, W. A. Zajc, V. Cianciolo, V. Vutsadakis, D. Roehrich, T. K. Nayak, Yasuo Miake, T. C. Sangster, R. J. Ledoux, Shinichi Hayashi, F. Videbæk, Xiaodong Yang, H. E. Wegner, George S.F. Stephans, S. Tonse, M. N. Namboodiri, and Y. Akiba

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Published
1994

42. Backward emission of protons in Au+Au collisions at 11.7 A

Author

Daniel S. Zachary, Hideki Hamagaki, M. Gonin, S. Nagamiya, C. Chasman, Shinichi Hayashi, D. P. Morrison, M. J. Tannenbaum, H. Kaneko, W. A. Zajc, Z. Chen, J. Engelage, W. L. Kehoe, Y. Akiba, Ryugo S. Hayano, J. H. van Dijk, H. J. Crawford, R. Seto, Kenta Shigaki, P. Rothschild, D. S. Woodruff, O. Vossnack, Yasuo Miake, T. Sung, J. B. Cumming, H. E. Wegner, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, S. Ueno, X. Yang, L. P. Remsberg, S. Tonse, K. Yagi, M. N. Namboodiri, J. H. Kang, L. Ahle, Ole Hansen, H. C. Britt, B. Budick, S. Y. Fung, F. Videbæk, Y. Y. Chu, Brian Cole, J. H. Thomas, R. R. Debbe, K. Kurita, D. R. Beavis, Y. Wang, S. G. Steadman, B. Moskowitz, T. K. Nayak, C. Y. Chi, J.W. Olness, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, M. J. LeVine, S. B. Kaufman, T. C. Sangster, J. B. Costales, S. Homma, Y. D. Wu, and George Stephans

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Nuclear Theory, Kinetic energy, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Minimum bias, Rapidity, Reaction system, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Bar (unit)
Abstract

We present preliminary results for the emission of target rapidity protons in minimum bias and central 11.7 A.GeV/c Au+Au collisions. The data span the pseudo-rapidity range {vert_bar}{eta}{vert_bar} {le} 0.76 and proton kinetic energy range of 50 {le} E {le} 200 MeV. The slopes of the kinetic energy spectra and dN/d{eta} values for central and minimum bias collisions are strikingly similar. Comparison of the results to results for Si+Au and p+A shows that the shape of the dN/d{eta} distribution is independent of the reaction system or centrality suggesting that the spectator matter does not play a decisive role in determining the shape of the proton distributions at back angles for these systems at AGS energies.

Published
1994

43. Charged-particle multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions measured with the PHOBOS detector inAu+Au,Cu+Cu,d+Au, andp+pcollisions at ultrarelativistic energies

Author

Pankaj Sarin, S. G. Steadman, Chia-Ming Kuo, I. Sedykh, A. Budzanowski, M. Ballintijn, J. Michałowski, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, Z. Chai, J. Hamblen, C. Halliwell, J. Kotuła, P. Steinberg, B.F. Wadsworth, W. Skulski, Burt Holzman, C. E. Smith, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, E. García, V. Chetluru, R. Holynski, N. Khan, T. Gburek, P. Kulinich, Edward Allen Wenger, B.B. Back, D. McLeod, L.J. Rosenberg, S. S. Vaurynovich, R. Pak, Inkyu Park, P. Walters, Christof Roland, N. George, W. Kucewicz, A. H. Wuosmaa, R. S. Hollis, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, P. Sawicki, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, A. Sukhanov, S. Gushue, Gunther Roland, M. Stodulski, Willis Lin, Wei Li, Wit Busza, David Jonathan Hofman, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, G. A. Heintzelman, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, J. Sagerer, G. S. F. Stephans, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, C. Loizides, D. S. Barton, Marguerite Tonjes, A. A. Bickley, Boleslaw Wyslouch, C. Reed, J. Katzy, F.L.H. Wolfs, L. P. Remsberg, M. P. Decowski, Barbara Wosiek, Gabor Istvan Veres, B. Alver, E. Johnson, K. Woźniak, A. Iordanova, and Andrzej Olszewski

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Elementary particle, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (chemistry), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Nucleon
Abstract

Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles emitted in Au+Au, Cu+Cu, d+Au, and p+p collisions over a wide energy range have been measured using the PHOBOS detector at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). The centrality dependence of both the charged particle distributions and the multiplicity at midrapidity were measured. Pseudorapidity distributions of charged particles emitted with |{eta}

Published
2011

44. FIRST RESULTS FROM THE PHOBOS EXPERIMENT AT THE RHIC COLLIDER

Author

R. Pak, L J Rosenberg, M. Stodulski, D. S. Barton, R. Holynski, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, R. Verdier, J. Michałowski, Bolek Wyslouch, Alice Mignerey, B.F. Wadsworth, A. Budzanowski, R. Bindel, S. Manly, R. Teng, K. Gulbrandsen, Jaw-Luen Tang, F. L.H. Wolfs, C. Reed, J. Katzy, W. T. Lin, David Jonathan Hofman, Barbara Wosiek, P. Kulinich, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Andrzej Olszewski, Peter Steinberg, S. G. Steadman, W. Kucewicz, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, A. S. Carroll, E. Johnson, M. P. Decowski, C. Halliwell, I. C. Park, S. Gushue, K. Woźniak, A. H. Wuosmaa, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, D. McLeod, M. Reuter, W. Skulski, M. D. Baker, Gunther Roland, J. Muelmenstaedt, E. Garcia, B. B. Back, P. Sawicki, N. George, George Stephans, Burt Holzman, J. L. Kane, P. Sarin, Wit Busza, A. Sukhanov, L. P. Remsberg, G. A. Heintzelman, and Christof Roland

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Central region, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Primary (astronomy), law, Pseudorapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Center of mass, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Collider, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract

PHOBOS is one of the four experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider that started colliding gold nuclei at a center of mass energy of √sNN = 56 and 130 GeV per pair of colliding nucleons in June 2000. The pseudorapidity density of primary charged particles in central collisions has been measured near mid-rapidity.

Published
2001

45. Centrality dependence of K+ and π+ multiplicities from Si + A collisions at 14.6 A GeV/c

Author

Hiroyoshi Sakurai, S. Nagamiya, J. B. Costales, Ryugo S. Hayano, S. B. Kaufman, Yuichi Ikeda, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. Engelage, Hideki Hamagaki, J.W. Olness, S. Katcoff, P. Vincent, R. J. Morse, C. G. Parsons, H. J. Crawford, O. Hansen, K. Kitamura, S. Y. Fung, H. E. Wegner, H. Z. Huang, T. Abbott, S. Homma, M. Gonin, L. P. Remsberg, Yasuo Miake, B. Cole, J. H. Kang, R. R. Debbe, D. R. Beavis, D. S. Woodruff, Y. D. Wu, R. J. Ledoux, P. Stankus, S. G. Steadman, F. Videbaek, M. A. Bloomer, W. A. Zajc, C. Chasman, K. Kimura, Shinichi Hayashi, K. Kurita, I. Juricic, V. Vutsadakis, J. B. Cumming, George Stephans, T. Sugitate, Y. Akiba, B. Moskowitz, P. D. Bond, M. Le Vine, M. Vient, Z. Chen, J. H. van Dijk, Y. Y. Chu, S. Gushue, and M. Sarabura

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Multiplicity (mathematics), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Kinetic energy
Abstract

K + and π + multiplicities have been measured in magnetic spectrometer for Si++ Al, Si+ Cu and Si + Au collisions at 14.6 A GeV/ c incident momentum. The multiplicities were obtained for five different windows of forward kinetic energy as detected in a zero degree calorimeter. The K + / π + multiplicity ratio ranges from ≈9% in peripheral interactions to 19% in central Si+Au. The largest K + / π + ratios are observed for those events for each target that leave the least energy in the zero degree calorimeter and the ratio increases with target mass. The observations suggest that multiple interactions are important in the particle production mechanism.

Published
1992

46. Recent results from E802 and E859

Author

D. Beavis, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, T. C. Sangster, H. J. Crawford, R. J. Ledoux, O. Hansen, D. Roehrich, J. B. Cumming, R. A. Soltz, S. Gushue, B. Budick, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Thomas, M. Gonin, T. Abbott, Ryugo S. Hayano, J.W. Olness, S. Y. Fung, M. J. LeVine, Y. Y. Chu, M. Vient, F. Videbaek, Lee Grodzins, O. Vossnack, R. J. Morse, H. Kaneko, T. Sugitate, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, Yuichi Ikeda, C. Y. Chi, J. Engelage, W. L. Kehoe, T. Sung, S. Nagamiya, C. G. Parsons, D. Morrison, Y. Wang, M. Torikoshi, I. Juricic, M. Tanaka, B. Moskowitz, W. A. Zajc, K. Kitamura, Z. Chen, J. B. Costales, K. Kurita, J. H. van Dijk, H. E. Wegner, P. Beery, S. G. Steadman, Yasuo Miake, H. Z. Huang, V. Vutsadakis, K. Kimura, S. Homma, S. Hayashi, S. Katcoff, P. Vincent, M. A. Bloomer, R. Debbe, P. D. Bond, Y. Akiba, Y. D. Wu, M. Sarabura, C. Chasman, P. Stankus, T. K. Nayak, Daniel S. Zachary, H. Hamagaki, Y. Tanaka, R. Seto, J. Kang, S. B. Kaufman, M.J. Tannembaum, P. Rothschild, D. S. Woodruff, N. Namboodiri, George Stephans, B. Cole, and H. C. Britt

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, chemistry.chemical_element, Strangeness, Kinetic energy, Ion, Transverse plane, Interferometry, chemistry, Atomic physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Recent single-particle inclusive measurements and two-particle correlation data from E802 and its succesor, E859, are presented. The K + / π + ratio observed for collisions of 14.6 A·GeV 28 Si ions on various targets is presented as a function of both forward and transverse energy. Source sizes are determined via interferometry using π + , π − , K + and proton pairs.

Published
1992

47. Target rapidity proton distributions for SI+A collisions at the ags

Author

Ryugo S. Hayano, C. Y. Chi, M. Gonin, D. Roehrich, J. B. Cumming, J.W. Olness, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. Kang, M. J. LeVine, H. Kaneko, W. L. Kehoe, O. Vossnack, H. C. Britt, Y. Y. Chu, D. P. Morrison, C. Chasman, B. Moskowitz, R. J. Ledoux, C. G. Parsons, B. Cole, L. P. Remsberg, J. H. Thomas, Z. Chen, J. H. van Dijk, M.N. Namboodiri, Hideki Hamagaki, V. Cianciolo, Fuqiang Wang, R. R. Debbe, R. A. Soltz, George Stephans, S. Gushue, T. C. Sangster, Yasuo Miake, O. Hansen, S. G. Steadman, S. B. Kaufman, Y. Akiba, S. Nagamiya, S. Hayashi, T. K. Nayak, K. Kurita, H. Z. Huang, P. Rothschild, D. S. Woodruff, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, T. Sung, D. R. Beavis, Hank Crawford, B. Budick, S. Tanaka, Y. Wang, S. Homma, Y. D. Wu, J. Engelace, S. Y. Fung, R. J. Morse, W. A. Zajc, V. Vutsadakis, Y. Tanaka, R. Seto, J. B. Costales, P. Beery, F. Videbæk, and H. E. Wegner

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, Kinetic energy, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Rapidity, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

Preliminary results are presented for the production of protons in 14.6 A{center dot}GeV/c Si+Al and Si+Au collisions measured by the E859 Phoswich Array at the BNL AGS. The proton data presented cover the laboratory angles of 50--130 degrees and kinetic energies of 40--180 MeV. Slopes and integrated distributions are extracted and comparisons with other experimental data are discussed.

Published
1992

48. Forward and transverse energies in relativistic heavy ion collisions at 14.6 GeV/cper nucleon

Author

S. Homma, J. Engelage, P. D. Bond, Y. Akiba, M. Tanaka, Y. D. Wu, S. Y. Fung, R. J. Morse, M. Sarabura, P. E. Haustein, Gushe S, S. Hayashi, E. Vulgaris, S. Nagamiya, W. A. Zajc, K. Kurita, S. Katcoff, R. Debbe, H. E. Wegner, M. Torikoshi, J. B. Costales, P. Vincent, L. P. Remsberg, F. Videbaek, T. Sugitate, M. A. Bloomer, Yuichi Ikeda, J.W. Olness, K. Kimura, Vutsadakis, David E. Alburger, M. J. Tannenbaum, F Gs Stephans, B. Cole, H. Hamagaki, D. S. Woodruff, Yasuo Miake, D. Beavis, M. Vient, M. J. LeVine, Juricic I I, H. J. Crawford, S. G. Steadman, Dijk Jh, C. Chasman, R. J. Ledoux, J. B. Cumming, H. Z. Huang, Y. Y. Chu, C. G. Parsons, L. Birstein, B. Moskowitz, Watson Wa rdI, K. Kitamura, P. Stankus, O. Hansen, T. Abbott, A. Shor, Russell Richard Betts, E. Duek, Lee Grodzins, and S. B. Kaufman

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Projectile, Nuclear Theory, Spectral line, Ion, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Heavy ion, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Forward and transverse energy spectra and the correlation between these two global variables have been measured for the interaction of 14.6{ital A} GeV/{ital c} {sup 28}Si ions with {sup 27}Al and {sup 197}Au. The energy in produced particles near midrapidity is observed to be negatively correlated with forward energy. There is minimal target mass dependence of this correlation for peripheral and semicentral interactions (forward energies{gt}80 GeV). However, the fact that transverse energies for more central collisions in Au become increasingly larger than those in Al ({similar to}50% greater in the limit of zero forward energy), provides evidence for multiple interactions of projectile nucleons in the larger target. The experimental results are discussed in terms of calculations based on a model for nucleus-nucleus interactions.

Published
1991

49. Particle production in Si + A and p + A collisions at 14.6 A·GeV/c

Author

S. Nagamiya, S. Y. Fung, J. Engelage, T. Abbott, Toru Sugitate, D. R. Beavis, S. Hayashi, Ryugo S. Hayano, Yuichi Ikeda, P. D. Bond, W. A. Zajc, K. Kurita, M. Sarabura, R. J. Ledoux, C. G. Parsons, M. J. LeVine, J.W. Olness, I. Juricic, P. Stankus, C. Chasman, L. P. Remsberg, B. Moskowitz, R. R. Debbe, M. J. Tannenbaum, J. B. Costales, J. Kang, M. Vient, S. Katcoff, H. J. Crawford, P. Vincent, R. J. Morse, F. Videbaek, Y. D. Wu, Yasuo Miake, Y. Akiba, S. G. Steadman, Ma Bloomer, Ole Hansen, V. Vutsadakis, D. S. Woodruff, H. E. Wegner, J. B. Cumming, M. Torikoshi, S. Homma, H. Z. Huang, S. B. Kaufman, K. Kitamura, Hideki Hamagaki, K. Kimura, Y. Y. Chu, S. Gushue, Z. Chen, J. H. van Dijk, G. S. F. Stephans, Brian Cole, H. Sakura, Lee Grodzins, and M. Tanaka

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle, Production (economics)
Published
1991

50. Antiproton production in 14.6 A · GeV/c SI + A collisions

Author

J. Engelage, M. J. LeVine, Hiroyoshi Sakurai, C. Chasman, S. Nagamiya, S. Y. Fung, Y. Akiba, Y. Y. Chu, Toru Sugitate, D. R. Beavis, R.J. Ledoux, L. P. Remsberg, V. Cianciolo, Y. D. Wu, K. Kimura, Ryugo S. Hayano, F. Videbaek, Yuichi Ikeda, W. A. Zajc, Z. Chen, Hank Crawford, L. Grodzins, K. Kurita, J. H. van Dijk, H. Hamagaki, R. R. Debbe, S. B. Kaufman, S.G. Steadman, P. Stankus, P. D. Bond, M. Sarabura, G.S.F. Stephans, D. Morrison, J.B. Costales, S. Hayashi, C.G. Parsons, B.A. Cole, B. Moskowitz, M. Tanaka, S. Gushue, H. E. Wegner, V. Vutsadakis, M. J. Tannenbaum, J.W. Olness, H.Z. Huang, O. Hansen, O. Vossnack, J. Kang, R. Soltz, T. Abbott, M.A. Bloomer, S. Katcoff, M. Vient, S. Homma, K. Kitamura, D.S. Woodruff, Yasuo Miake, J. B. Cumming, R.J. Morse, M. Torikoshi, I. Juricic, and P. Vincent

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Silicon, chemistry, Antiproton, chemistry.chemical_element, Central region
Published
1991

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