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Purpose Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death in women. While immunotherapy has shown great success in combating cancer, the value of immunotherapy in cervical cancer is still only beginning to be explored. Thus, we performed a prospective analysis of patient blood and tumor samples at the beginning and end of conventional chemoradiation to assess changes in the immune cell and immunoreceptor compartments, and investigate if and when the addition of immunotherapy could be beneficial. Methods Patients with FIGO II–III cervical cancer receiving standard chemoradiation between January 2020 and December 2021 were included. We collected tumor and blood samples from patients before and at the end of therapy and analyzed immune cell composition and immune checkpoint receptor expression on both immune and tumor cells using multicolor flow cytometry. Results In all, 34 patients were eligible in the study period; 22 could be included and analyzed in this study. We found that chemoradiation significantly reduces T cell numbers in both tumors and blood, but increases macrophage and neutrophil numbers in tumors. Furthermore, we found that the percentage of immune checkpoint receptor PD‑1 and TIGIT-expressing cells in tumors was significantly reduced at the end of therapy and that CD4 and CD8 memory T cell populations were altered by chemoradiation. In addition, we observed that while PD-L1 expression intensity was upregulated by chemoradiation on blood CD8 cells, PD-L1 expression frequency and the expression intensity of antigen-presenting molecule MHC‑I were significantly reduced on tumor cells. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that chemoradiation significantly alters the immune cell composition of human cervical tumors and the expression of immune checkpoint receptors on both lymphocytes and tumor cells. As our results reveal that the percentage of PD‑1+ CD8 cells in the tumor as well as the frequency of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells were reduced at the end of therapy, neoadjuvant or simultaneous anti-PD‑1 or anti-PD-L1 treatment might provide better treatment efficiency in upcoming clinical studies.

This study aimed to assess the effects of plasma grafting modification on the micro-push-out adhesive strength and mechanical properties of fiber posts and to assess the stability of these treatment effects.Glass-fiber posts were divided into four groups based on the treatment methods used, as follows: (1) Group NT: no treatment; (2) Group PT: Helium (He) plasma treatment; (3) Group PIG: He-plasma-induced post-irradiation grafting; and (4) Group SIG: He-plasma-induced syn-irradiation grafting. The treated fiber posts were bonded using self-adhesive resin cement exposure to air for 0, 1, 6 or 12 hours separately after surface treatment. Micro-push-out adhesive strength, flexural modulus, and flexural strength were measured.Plasma treatment, post-irradiation grafting, and syn-irradiation grafting improved adhesive strength at the 0-hours level. However, the improved adhesive strength disappeared in group PT after exposure for one or more hours. In group PIG, the adhesive strength after 1-hour exposure was 20.5% lower than that of 0-hour exposure (adhesive immediately after treatment), and no statistically significant differences in adhesive strength were observed between the 1, 6, and 12-hour exposure. In group SIG, no statistically significant differences in adhesive strength were observed among the 0, 1, and 6-hour exposure. Although the adhesive strength was 23% lower at the 12-hour exposure than that of 0-hour exposure in group SIG, the adhesive strength of fiber posts received syn-irradiation grafting still presented the best adhesive strength compared with the other treatment methods. The three-point flexural modulus and strength remained unaffected by the treatment methods used.Plasma-induced syn-irradiation grafting provided the ideal improvement and stability in adhesive strength in fiber posts. In addition, plasma-induced grafting modification successfully overcame the surface aging effect caused by plasma treatment alone without affecting the bulk mechanical properties of fiber posts.

Discoid meniscus is the most common congenital variant of the meniscus. Its variability in pathology leads to a spectrum of clinical presentations in patients. Treatment must be tailored to the specific pathology of the discoid meniscus. Imaging studies such as radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging can be useful in confirming the diagnosis, but may be the most accurate in determining specific pathology. Thorough intraoperative evaluation of the discoid is critical to appropriate surgical management. Rim preservation and repair is preferred to prevent degenerative changes in the knee.

The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of pancreatic duct stent on acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. A retrospective analysis of the case data of patients who first underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for choledocholithiasis in the Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 for 5 years. According to whether the pancreatic duct stent was indwelled during the operation, they were divided into pancreatic duct stent group (147 cases) and non-indwelling pancreatic duct stent group (192 cases). The incidence of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was compared between the two groups according to COTTON criteria. Independent sample为探讨胰管支架对内镜逆行性胰胆管造影（ERCP）术后预防急性胰腺炎（PEP）发生的作用，本研究回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年12月期间在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院因胆总管结石首次行内镜逆行胰胆管造影患者的病例资料。根据术中是否留置胰管支架分为胰管支架组（147例）和未留置胰管支架组（192例）。以COTTON标准诊断是否发生内镜逆行性胰胆管造影术后急性胰腺炎，比较两组间急性胰腺炎的发生率。采用独立样本

The frequency and severity of extreme weather events are increasing and expected to increase more in the future, together with global change. However, how extreme events and global change factors interactively influence community structures and ecosystem processes is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the responses of the temporal stability and resilience of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of an alpine meadow to an extreme flooding event under different treatments of experimental drought and clipping. We found that ecosystems that were exposed to drought treatments for 3 years significantly decreased the temporal stability of community productivity but increased resilience to flooding, whereas their resistance to or recovery from flooding did not change. Neither clipping nor its interaction with drought altered the responses of these community stability metrics to flooding. Drought treatments significantly decreased plant species richness and asynchrony and dominant species stability, leading to a decrease in temporal stability and an increase in resilience in response to the extreme flooding event. The study also revealed that the change in species asynchrony was the dominant impact pathway determining the responses of resilience and temporal stability to flooding. Our results highlight that alpine grassland that experiences a multiyear drought may aggravate the instability of community productivity to extreme climatic events by reducing species asynchrony.

1. Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) causes severe lung inflammation and cell damage by activating toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling, the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis, which possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. This study investigated the effect of BA in MG-induced lung inflammation and its potential mechanism in MG-infected chicken embryo lungs and DF-1 cells.2. The histopathological examination result showed that BA treatment alleviated MG-induced lung pathological changes. In addition, CCK-8 and cell cycle assays showed that BA treatment inhibited MG-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in DF-1 cells.3. The ELISA and RT-qPCR results demonstrated that BA treatment decreased the expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) both in MG-infected chicken embryo lungs and DF-1 cells.4. The results revealed that BA inhibited mRNA expression levels of toll-like receptor-6 (TLR6), myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p655. In conclusion, the results showed that BA has a protective effect against MG-induced lung inflammation in chicken by inhibiting the TLR6-mediated NF-κB signalling.

Semi-brittle flow occurs when crystal plasticity and cataclastic mechanisms operate concurrently and may be common at mid-levels of the Earth’s crust. Using a Paterson gas-deformation apparatus, we performed 67 conventional triaxial deformation experiments on dry samples of Carrara marble in the temperature range of T = 20 - 800°C; confining pressures (PC) were 30, 50 100, 200, and 300 MPa, and strain rates (urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0001) were 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, and 10-6 s-1. Axial strains (ε ) were ≲ 0.12. The measured (differential) stress, urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0002, changes with strain at most applied conditions. At ε = 0.05, both stress and the hardening coefficient (h), i.e., the rate of increase of stress with strain, increase as T decreases and PC increases. At T ≲ 400°C, h is quite large and the sensitivity of urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0003 on urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0004 is low, while both are sensitive to increasing pressure. In this temperature range, the mechanical behavior of the marble is very similar to that exhibited by high-strength, high-ductility, hexagonal metals that deform by processes called twinning induced plasticity (TWIP). Twinning and dislocation motion are abundant in the samples, as are inter- and intra-crystalline micro-fractures. The concurrent activation of these deformation mechanisms leads to complex relationships of urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0005 and h with the applied T- PC - urn:x-wiley:21699313:media:jgrb55357:jgrb55357-math-0006 conditions. This behavior suggests that peak stresses for calcite rocks deforming by semi-brittle processes will occur at PC - T conditions of the middle crust, and that they might be more strongly influenced by total strain rather than by strain rate.

The clinical examination of the child or adolescent with a knee injury or pain can vary based on the age of the patient as well as the acuity of the problem. When pediatric patients present with thigh or vague knee pain, the importance of the hip examination cannot be overemphasized. Evaluating the uninjured extremity first is particularly valuable to building trust and confidence with a scared, nervous patient. Having the patient describe and point to locations of symptoms can assist in prioritizing physical exam maneuvers as creating pain through exam will limit later exam compliance. There are four primary elements of the exam: observation, palpation, static stability examination, and dynamic assessment. This review article will summarize physical exam techniques and pertinent findings for meniscus, ligament, and patellofemoral pathology.

To analyse the clinicopathological features and ultrasound findings of the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) and compare differences between children/adolescents (CAs) and adults.Medical records and ultrasound images of 97 consecutive DSV-PTC patients were reviewed and comparison was made between CAs and adults.The average age was 31.2 ± 12.4 years old and 16.5% patients were CAs. Unilateral lobe was involved in 40.2% patients and 69.1% combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Up to 95.9% patients had lymph node metastasis (LNM). CAs had more contralateral central LNM (CCLNM) and contralateral lateral LNM (CLLNM) than adults (p=0.047, p=0.025). Lung metastasis was also more common in CAs (p=0.002). Involved lobes mostly appeared as diffuse heterogeneous echogenicity on ultrasonography with isoechogenicity as the most common predominant echo (48.4%). Diffuse microcalcifications were observed frequently with grade 2-3 accounting for 52.3%. Lesions involving the whole gland lobe (diffuse type) occurred in 63.9%. Blood flow was poor in 71.6% (with grade 0-1). Microcalcifications of both lobes and metastatic lymph nodes and lesions involving (diffuse type) were more common in CAs (p=0.038, 0.002; 0.011). Of 39 patients with unilateral lobe involvement, ultrasonic sensitivity for CCLNM and CLLNM was only 50% and 66.7% respectively.DSV-PTC has characteristic ultrasonographic findings. DSV-PTC of CAs may be more aggressive than that of adults. Ultrasonic sensitivity for LNM of contralateral compartments was not satisfactory and diagnostic methods with good efficacy are required.

The resolution of geostationary satellite image is not high and the image is covered with clouds. At present, when the extracted feature points are unstable, there are some problems, such as low matching accuracy or even matching failure. In this paper, a landmark matching algorithm is proposed to directly establish the multi-level grids for the image coastline and the coastline template. Through the similarity measure of the multi-level grids, the landmark matching is realized layer by layer. First of all, we've finished cloud detection, establishment of landmark data set, and extraction of image coastline. Then we design and implement the landmark matching algorithm based on multi-level grids. Finally, through analysis from different levels of landmarks and different proportion of cloud cover, the advantages and applicable conditions of this algorithm are given. The experimental results show that: 1) with the increase of cloud cover, the correct rate of landmark matching decreases, but the decrease is small. It shows that the matching algorithm in this paper is stable. Correct matching rate could always be stable at about 75 percent in the fourth level. 2) when the proportion of cloud cover is less than 20 percent, the higher the matching level, the higher the matching accuracy. When the cloud cover is more than 20 percent, the matching accuracy in the fourth level is the highest. This algorithm provides a stable method for the landmark matching of geostationary satellite image.

In recent years, Luchuan pigs in southern China have been used to produce high-quality meat by crossbreeding them with Duroc boars; however, PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat was frequently reported in the crossbred pigs, and the underlying reason remains unknown. We excluded the possibility of the well-known causative mutations in RYR1 and PRKAG3 but identified the existence of an unfavorable allele of a splicing mutation (g.8283C>A) in PHKG1 in two Duroc boars and three Duroc × Luchuan crossbred pigs with PSE meat. An association analysis with 425 Duroc × Luchuan crossbred pigs revealed that the polymorphism of the splicing site of PHKG1 has significant association with the ultimate meat pH value (P = 0.035) and color score (P = 0.004). In addition, a strong cis-eQTL (expression QTL) signal for the expression of PHKG1 was identified in 189 Duroc × Luchuan crossbred pigs, and the splicing mutation was proven to be significantly associated with the expression of PHKG1 (P = 4.01e-11). Furthermore, RNA-sequencing data analysis confirmed that 131 CC homozygotes had only one transcript (T1), with FPKM (fragments per kilobase of transcript per million) of 35.40 ± 7.28, and 58 CA heterozygotes had two types of transcripts (T1 and T2), with FPKM of 19.63 ± 5.11 and 9.20 ± 2.39 respectively. Based on the association and eQTL analysis results, we concluded that PSE meat in Duroc × Luchuan crossbred pigs is caused by the splicing mutation in PHKG1. Our findings further support the effect of the causative mutation in PHKG1 on meat quality. The GEO accession number for the data is GSE124315.

The indoor navigation graph is crucial for emergency evacuation and route guidance. However, most of existing solutions are limited to the tedious manual solutions and inefficient automatic solutions of the indoor building designs. In this paper, we strive to combine the cutting-edge faster R-CNN deep learning models with spatial connection rules to provide fine quality indoor navigation graphs. The extraction experiment result is convincing for general navigation purpose. But there exist several shortages for faster R-CNN models to overcome, such as optimizations of the complex object detections and ability of handling irregular shape regions for indoor navigation graph extractions.

Evacuation research relies heavily on the efficiency analysis of the study navigation networks, and this principle also applies to indoor scenarios. One crucial type of these scenarios is the attacker and defender topic, which discusses the paralyzing and recovering operations for a specific indoor navigation network. Our approach is to apply the Generative-Adversarial-Neural network (GAN) model to optimize both reduction and increase operations for a specific indoor navigation network. In other words, the proposed model utilizes GAN both in the attacking behavior efficiency analysis and the recovering behavior efficiency analysis. To this purpose, we design a black box of training the generative model and adversarial model to construct the hidden neural networks to mimic the human selection of choosing the critical nodes in the studying navigation networks. The experiment shows that the proposed model could alleviate the selection of nodes that significantly influence network transportation efficiency. Therefore, we could apply this model to disaster responding scenarios like fire evacuation and communication network recovery operations.

Using data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider, we search for the process $e^+e^-\rightarrow \eta_c\eta \pi^+\pi^-$. The search is performed using five large data sets recorded at center-of-mass energies of 4.23, 4.26, 4.36, 4.42, and 4.60 GeV. The $\eta_c$ meson is reconstructed in 16 exclusive decay modes. No signal is observed in the $\eta_c$ mass region at any center-of-mass energy. The upper limits on the reaction cross sections are determined to be 6.2, 10.8, 27.6, 22.6 and 23.7 pb at the 90% confidence level at the center-of-mass energies listed above.

Persistent abnormal proliferation and long distant metastasis of tumors contribute to high mortality rate in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Strategies that prevent NSCLC proliferation and/or metastasis have been studied but still need to be further explored. Numerous studies have proved the diversity functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exerted in cancer, including NSCLC. In this study, we aim to identify and investigate the role of novel lncRNAs in NSCLC progression. RNA sequence data were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were screened out based on the R language, then real-time PCR experiment was introduced to detect the DElncRNA expression levels. A series of experiments including MTT, cell cycle, transwell, and wound healing assays were employed to explore the effect of DElncRNA MGC27382 on cell proliferation and invasion ability. We detected that DElncRNA MGC27382 is down-regulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. Overexpression of MGC27382 prevented NSCLC cell proliferation via down-regulating cyclin D1 and cyclin E. Moreover, wound healing and transwell assays indicated that the ability of cell invasion and migration could be impaired when cells were treated with MGC27382 overexpression. Further studies demonstrated that MGC27382-mediated inhibition on NSCLC progression can be impaired by LY294002, which is a frequently used inhibitor of AKT/GSK3β pathway. MGC27382 is down-regulated in NSCLC. It exerts an inhibitory role in NSCLC development through suppressing the AKT/GSK3β pathway. Our results indicate that the lncRNA MGC27382 might be a tumor-suppressor gene in NSCLC. Overexpression of MGC27382 is thought to be a potential strategy for overcoming NSCLC progression.

Summary Digital rock images may capture more detailed pore structure than the traditional laboratory methods. No explicit function can correlate permeability accurately for flow within the pore space. This has motivated researchers to predict permeability through the application of numerical techniques, e.g., finite difference method (FDM). However, in order to get better permeability calculation results, the grid refinement was needed for the traditional FDM. And the accuracy of this method decreased in pores with elongated cross sections. The goal of this study is to develop a new FDM to calculated the permeabilities of digital rocks with complex pore space. An elliptical pore approximation method is invoked to describe the complex pore space. The permeabilities of the digital rock images after grid coarsening are calculated by the new FDM in three orthogonal directions. These results are compared with the previously validated lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM), which indicates that the predicted permeabilities calculated by the new FDM usually agree with permeabilities calculated by LBM. We conclude that the presented new FDM is suitable for complex pore space.