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Introduction Suicide among children, adolescents and young adults is a major health problem, as it represents the fourth leading cause of death among people aged 15-29 (WHO, 2022). A recent study showed that the years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to suicide in 2018 were 1,344,552, which is very close to the 1,591,487 YPLL caused by COVID-19 in the year 2020 (Porras-Segovia et al, 2021). In the recent years, there is a growing interest in suicide prevention research in differentiating attempter profiles in terms of lifetime suicide attempts. Specifically, studies suggest that there may be meaningful differences concerning risk factors between patients with a history of one versus multiple suicide attempts. Multiple attempters (MA) show more suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms and hopelessness than single attempters (SA) (Esposito et al, 2003; Goldston et al, 1998). Objectives We aimed to answer the question ‘What are the factors associated with attempting suicide for the first time and are they different from the factors associated with re-attempting suicide in children and adolescents?’ Methods We conducted a systematic literature search in four databases. Article selection and data extraction according to a predefined protocol, including bias risk assessment, were performed by independent peer reviewers. Due to the different way to present data in the studies effect sizes were pre-calculated to standard mean differences (SMD). Random effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect size for all meta-analysis. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots. Results 14 studies were included in the systematic review, and 13 in the meta-analysis. Original articles used in the meta-analysis included a total of 4286 participants of whom 1579 were multiple suicide-attempters and 2707 single suicide attempters. MAs showed significantly higher proportion of anxiety disorders (SMD = 0.387, 95%CI [0.09, 0.68], p < 0.022), alcohol abuse disorder (SMD = 0.382, 95%CI [0.07, 0.70], p < 0.036) and substance abuse disorder (SMD = 0.526, 95%CI [0.21, 0.84], p

La anuloplastia de De Vega (AdV) es una técnica conocida para reparar la insuficiencia tricúspide (IT). Existen dudas acerca de su resultado a medio/largo plazo. Material y método: Fueron estudiados 122 pacientes con AdV analizando enfermedad valvular concomitante, clase New York Heart Association (NYHA) preoperatoria y durante el seguimiento, mortalidad postoperatoria y durante el seguimiento, así como diversos parámetros ecocardiográficos durante el seguimiento a medio y largo plazo. Resultados: AdV aislada: 7 casos (5,7 %), AdV + reparación valvular mitral (RVM) en 78 (63,9 %) y AdV + recambio valvular aórtico (RVAo) en 26 (21,3 %). IT preoperatoria leve: 25 %, moderada 32,4 % y grave 29,6 %; 13 % sin IT. Mortalidad postoperatoria: 10,7 % con 4 ± 2 años de seguimiento medio. Clase NYHA preoperatoria: III/IV en 54,2 %; postoperatoria: I-II/IV en el 100 % de los supervivientes. IT durante el seguimiento: leve 49,1 %, moderada 11,3 % y grave 5,7 %; sin IT 34%. Si la IT preoperatoria era grave, el 40 % revirtieron a leve, 13,3 % a moderada y 20 % permaneció como grave con un 26,7 % sin IT. El 100 % con IT leve a moderada permanecieron sin IT o con IT leve. La presión pulmonar durante el seguimiento descendió de 56,7 a 42,9 mmHg (p = 0,014). El 79,4 % de los pacientes con ventrículo derecho de tamaño normal (73,6 %) permanecieron con dimensiones dentro de la normalidad (p

Mental disorders in children and adolescents may follow different trajectories, such as remission, change of diagnosis, or addition of two or more comorbid diagnoses, showing a heterotypic pattern. This study aims to describe the main diagnostic trajectories across a broad range of mental disorder diagnostic categories, from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to young adulthood in a clinical population. A prospective study was conducted among a clinical sample of children and adolescents who were aged 3-17 years at the face-to-face baseline interview. Electronic health records of these participants were reviewed 10 years later. The diagnostic stability over time was examined using the kappa coefficient, and factors associated with stability were explored using simple logistic regression. The study included a sample of 691 participants. The kappa coefficient for diagnostic stability across all diagnoses was 0.574 for the transition from childhood to adulthood, 0.614 from childhood to adolescence, and 0.733 from adolescence to adulthood. Neurodevelopmental diagnoses had the highest stability. Factors associated with higher diagnostic stability included family history of mental disorders, receiving psychopharmacological treatment, and symptom severity at baseline. We found a variable diagnostic stability across different diagnoses and age categories. The different life transitions represent complex periods that should not be overlooked from a clinical standpoint. An appropriate transition from child and adolescent mental health services to adult mental health services may have a positive impact on children and adolescents with mental disorders., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)

There might be differential characteristics between those who have attempted suicide once in their lifetime (single attempters) and those who have attempted suicide two or more times (multiple attempters). We aimed to identify the factors that differentiate single and multiple attempters in child and adolescents. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We conducted a systematic literature search in three databases to identify original studies exploring the characteristics of single attempters vs. multiple attempters among adolescents. We considered a wide range for the definition of adolescent, following most recent recommendations: 10-24 years. We carried out a meta-analysis. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and 13 in the meta-analysis with a total sample of with a total of 4286 participants. The factors statistically significantly associated with being a multiple attempter in the meta-analysis were: anxiety disorders, depression severity, alcohol abuse, substance abuse, aggressiveness, and hopelessness. Multiple attempters have a more severe clinical profile, with greater severity of symptoms. Knowledge of the risk factors associated with being a multiple attempter could help us to predict which patients are more likely to reattempt suicide and need further monitoring and a tailored treatment. Prevention programs tailored for the adolescent population, along with identification of early risk factors, could help to prevent suicidal behavior among this vulnerable population., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.)

Background: Physical exercise is an underutilized tool for the management of mental disorders. New technologies have made a breakthrough in health care, and one of its possible applications (apps) could be that of customizing exercise programs for special populations, such as patients with mental disorders. However, the app of the so-called e-health to mental health care is still limited., Aim: To know the efficacy of apps to promote physical activity in patients with mental disorders., Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed and Embase databases with the aim of exploring the use of new technologies for the enhancement of physical exercise in patients with a psychiatric illness. Following the selection process, 10 articles were included in the review., Results: The most commonly used devices in this type of intervention are wearable devices and web platforms. Good results in terms of effectiveness and acceptability were obtained in most of the studies., Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the use of new technologies in mental health represents a feasible strategy with great potential in clinical practice., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Schizophrenia is a prevalent and serious disorder. Video games have shown potential as an aid in health care for people who suffer from schizophrenia. Although video games may contribute benefit in the treatment of schizophrenia, reviews on this topic are scarce. In this article, we systematically review the evidence concerning video game-based therapeutic interventions for people diagnosed with schizophrenia., Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database. We searched 4 databases-PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov-to identify original studies exploring video game-based therapeutic interventions for people with schizophrenia., Results: After initial screening, full-text review, and study selection, 11 articles were included in the review. Most studies used video consoles as the platform, with a minority using a personal computer. Video game-based therapeutic interventions were well accepted and generally effective in improving cognitive areas., Conclusions: Cognitive training could be one of the main mechanisms underlying the usefulness and effectiveness of video game-based therapeutic interventions. Software optimization and greater collaboration between developers and health care professionals are some of the priorities for future research in this area., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: This study reviews the evidence on ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) for managing and preventing suicidal thoughts and behaviors., Methods: This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Its protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database. We conducted a systematic literature search of five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane library. The most recent search date was 10 September 2021., Results: After screening and full-text review, 27 studies were included, totaling 19 different interventions. Many of the available interventions have not yet been clinically tested. Those that have undergone effectiveness evaluation (10 interventions) showed good rates of effectiveness and feasibility, with some exceptions. The most widely used intervention model is the safety plan, which allows the user to implement coping and distracting strategies in case of suicidal ideation., Conclusions: Ecological momentary interventions provide certain advantages, such as their wide availability, versatility, and potential for customization. These interventions can be useful complements to traditional care, especially in situations in which face-to-face care is not possible. Evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions is still scarce. Furthermore, barriers limiting implementation in clinical practice remain. The constant advance of technology means that these interventions have great potential for improvement in the coming years., (Copyright © 2022 President and Fellows of Harvard College.)

Video games are a promising area of intervention for children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). However, reviews on this topic are scarce. This review on studies exploring video games for the treatment of ASD followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and its protocol was registered in PROSPERO. PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, WebOfScience and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched. Twenty-four articles were included in the review. Video game-based interventions were effective for alleviating ASD symptoms, albeit with small effect sizes. High rates of acceptability and adherence to treatment were obtained. Conclusion: Video games are a promising area for improving the treatment of children with ASD. Exploring commercial video games is one of the lines for future research., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Chronic physical conditions (CPC) decrease the quality of life of millions of people. In the absence of curative treatments, maintaining healthy lifestyle habits is one of the main pillars in their clinical management. Mobile-based interventions may help patients take care of their health and follow medical recommendations. The purpose of this review is to summarise the latest evidence about mobile telephone applications (apps) for the management of CPC., Methods: We performed a systematic search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify articles that explored apps for the management of CPC, testing the apps empirically and providing clear outputs on effectiveness and/or feasibility. A total of 3528 articles were identified in the initial search. Following screening and selection process, 20 articles were included in the final review., Results: Mobile apps for CPC are very heterogeneous. The condition with the greater number of apps available was diabetes, followed by cardiovascular diseases. Results of feasibility were generally positive, with high rates of study completion and user engagement. Some studies used incentives, monetary of otherwise. Some of the apps have been tested in randomised controlled trials showing effectiveness in improving symptoms and/or controlling analytical parameters., Conclusions: Mobile apps are promising tools for the management of CPC. Some apps have been sufficiently tested to propose their implementation in clinical practice. However, several barriers exist that can slow down the routine use of new technologies in healthcare settings., (© 2020 Royal Australasian College of Physicians.)

Lionfish ( Pterois volitans ) is an invasive and predatory species whose proliferation over the Caribbean Sea threatens to cause great damage to coral reefs by negatively affecting the balance of the ecosystem. Control strategies have been the most effective way to reduce the negative impact of the lionfish. The development of diversified food products based on lionfish could support these strategies. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of ultrasound and the addition of binders in different concentrations: Egg white liquid (EWL) and corn starch (ST) on texture, microstructure and sensory evaluation properties of patties made of lionfish surimi. Each set of binders was added up to 3% varying proportions. The texture profile, water holding capacity, sensory qualities and fractal dimension of scanning electron microscopy images were analyzed to evaluate the quality of the product based on surimi gel. Results showed that the application of ultrasound and the use of binders enhanced the properties of patties made of lionfish surimi. The addition of EWL (3%) improved the water holding capacity and hardness of the final product. However, the fractal dimension of the images was higher in samples processed using ultrasound and without binder addition.