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The choice of parameters for procedural textures to achieve a desired appearance poses a challenging problem even for experienced artists. We propose a method to automatically determine such parameters to reproduce the appearance of input images. Addressing two-tone textures, we separate the estimation of color and structure information and interpret the problem as image retrieval task from the space of procedural outputs. Applying a perceptually motivated image metric based on a texture descriptor enables us to precompute a comprehensive collection of possible parameter sets and yet achieve interactive retrieval performance. Our method supports a large variety of procedural texture models with a unified approach.

Samples of dairy wastewater solids from a milk processing plant were analyzed to determine variability in composition. Feed value of diets containing solids was evaluated by feeding sheep and swine the following: control diet (common feeds), control plus 5% dairy waste solids, control plus 10% solids, control plus 20% solids, or control supplemented with Ca and P. Dairy waste solids contained (on a dry basis) enough protein (35%), Ca (14%), P (2%), and Mg (.4%) to be useful as a feed ingredient, but concentrations varied. Feed intake, water intake, and weight gains of sheep and swine fed the 5% diet were similar to controls. Gains were lower and water intake higher for animals receiving the 10% and 20% diets than controls. Lower gains were not due to high mineral content per se, because gains for animals fed the mineral supplemented diet were similar to controls. Decreased gains may have been due to lower palatability or lower feed value of the 10 and 20% diets. Blood parameters were unaffected by diets, and there were no apparent health problems. Feeding diets containing 5% dairy waste solids to sheep and swine (and presumably cattle) is an alternative means of disposal.

Diets containing 0, 10, or 20% dried wash-water solids (WWS) from a milk processing plant were fed to 48 Hampshire crossbred wews (average weight 58.1 kg) for 3 yr. Data were obtained on BW gains, hematology, tissue elements, and survival for ewes and BW gains, tissue elements and survival for their lambs. Ewes fed 20% WWS gained less (P < .05 ) BW during gestation and lactation in yr 1 and had lower BW (P < .05) in yr 2 and 3 than those fed 0 or 10% WWS. Lambs from ewes fed 20% WWS gained less (P < .05) BW in yr 2 and 3. Hematology variables of ewes, survival of ewes and survival of lambs were not effected by diet. Although WWS-containing diets contained high concentrations of Ca, P, Mn, and Fe and moderate concentrations of Mo, Mg, and Zn, diets had few effects on tissue elements in ewes and lambs. Concentrations of some tissue elements were less (P < .05) in lambs in yr 2 and 3 than in yr 1. Wash-water solids can be incorporated into ruminant diets, providing a disposal alternative that recycles and conserves nutrients. Long-term feeding posed only minor or negligible health of safety problems. Because fo low energy and N availability and high ash content, WWS probably should be limited to 10% or less of conventional diets.

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