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1. Immunovirological status in people with perinatal and adult-acquired HIV-1 infection: a multi-cohort analysis from FranceResearch in context

Author

Rémonie Seng, Pierre Frange, Albert Faye, Catherine Dollfus, Jérôme le Chenadec, Faroudy Boufassa, Asma Essat, Tessa Goetghebuer, Elisa Arezes, Véronique Avettand-Fènoël, Jean-Joël Bigna, Stéphane Blanche, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Josiane Warszawski, Jean-Paul Viard, H. Aumaitre, E. Froguel, F. Caby, S. Dellion, L. Gerard, F. Lucht, C. Chirouze, M. Dupon, Jl Schmit, C. Goujard, T. Allegre, B. Cazenave, G. Hittinger, P. De Truchis, J. Cailhol, C. Duvivier, A. Canestri, O. Bouchaud, M. Karmochkine, D. Salmon-Ceron, D. Zucman, E. Mortier, R. Tubiana, P.M. Girard, C. Pintado, A. Cabie, V. Rabier, P. Morlat, D. Neau, C. Genet, D. Makhloufi, S Bregigeon Ronot, J. Ghosn, V. Reliquet, P. Perré, Jl Pellegrin, C. Arvieux, C. Cheneau, L. Bernard, P. Delobel, R. Verdon, C. Jacomet, L. Piroth, F. Ajana, S. Bevilacqua, Y. Debab, A.L. Lecapitaine, L. Cotte, S. Mokhtari, P. Mercie, P. Poubeau, V. Garrait, Ma Khuong, G. Beck-Wirth, L. Blum, S. Blanche, F. Boccara, T. Prazuck, C. Barbuat, J.P. Viard, S. Stegmann-Planchard, B. Martha, J.M. Treluyer, E. Dore, C. Gaud, M. Niault, E. Fernandes, H. Hitoto, A. Compagnucci, N. Elenga, A. Faye, C. Dollfus, A. Chace, M. Levine, S.A. Martha, C. Floch-Tudal, K. Kebaïli, N. Entz-Werle, J. Tricoire, F. Mazingue, P. Bolot, P. Brazille, T. Goetghebuer, A.F. Gennotte, D. Van Der Linden, V. Schmitz, M. Moutschen, C. Crenn-Hebert, F. Habibi, A. Coursol, E. Guesdon, P.F. Ceccaldi, M. Dehlinger – Paul, E. Pannier, V. Marcou, C. Elleau, M. Achkar, M.O. Vareil, S. Couderc, C. Routier, M.A. Bouldouyre, L. Selleret, A. Chabrol, C. Bellahcene, C. Pluchart, A. Yangui, D. Vignes, A. Alissa, A. Johnson, E. Lachassinne, A. Benbara, L. Karaoui, A. Bongain, B. Yakeu, J.L. Schmit, L. Cravello, C. Hubert, P. Faucher, D. Pinquier, C. Borie, D. Rocchi, C. Brunet-Cartier, C. Briandet, J. Brouard, A. Chalvon-Demersay, M. Rajguru, K. Billiemaz, A. Fresard, A. Moulin, P. Fialaire, L. Mesnard, E. Werner, E. Vintejoux, J. Marian, S. Ranaivojaona, F. Bissuel, M. Abdelhadi, Y. Hammou, C. Genet-Villeger, Y. Hatchuel, G. Bachelard, M. Medus, J. Dendale – Nguyen, T.S. Guimard, A. Martha, M. Rouha, P. Perfezou, L. De Saint Martin, S. Jaffuel, R. Buzele, M. Gousseff, C. Cudeville, V. Vitrat, C. Michau, G. Palenzuela, M. Driessen, B. Heller-Roussin, J.M. Labaune, B. Muanza, J. Massardier, M. Partisani, I. Hau, C. Runel-Belliard, C. Brehin, K. Kebaili, M. Lalande, M. Lagree, K. Lacombe, J.-M. Molina, J. Reynes, O. Robineau, F. Raffi, A. Becker, L. Weiss, T. Allègre, G. Pialoux, F. Souala, A. Rami, C. Katlama, A. Cabié, J.-P. Viard, F. Bastides, C. Michel, D. Salmon, J-D Le Lièvre, A. Sotto, E. Rouveix, A. Naqvi, S. Brégigeon, R. Rodet, A. Simon-Coutelier, J.-L. Esnault, R. Buzelé, A. Stein, C. Godin-Colet, G. Pichancourt, P. Caraux-Paz, M Mohseni Zadeh, L. Gérard, C. Lascaux-Cametz, L. Bodard, J.-L. Pellegrin, N. Ettahar, A. Uludag, E. Rosenthal, F. Prevoteau du Clary, S. Jaureguiberry, P. Philibert, A.-L. Lecapitaine, E. Chakvetadze, H. Champagne, V. Daneluzzi, J. Goupil de Bouillé, A. Leprêtre, I. Lamaury, I. Darasteanu, B. Abraham, D. Garipuy, J.-L. Berger, J.-L. Schmit, K. Diallo, F. Gourdon, O. Vaillant, V. Gaborieau, J. Doll, D. Quinsat, L. Geffray, J.-J. Girard, D. Houlbert, V. Perronne, E. Klement, O. Antioniotti, C. Rouzioux, V. Avettand-Fenoel, O. Lortholary, S. Boucly, A. Maignan, R. Thiebaut, L. Meyer, F. Boufassa, M.A. Charles, R. Dray-Spira, C. Legeai, V. Amon, N. Benammar, R. Seng, L. Slama, P. Bonnard, C. Chakvetadze, T. L’Yavanc, J. Capeau, C. Vigouroux, S. Fellahi, J.P. Bastard, E. Oksenhendler, J.F. Bourge, V. Bajzik, D. Sereni, C. Lascoux-Combe, O. Taulera, L.V. Dien, J. Delgado, J.M. Molina, T. Saint-Marc, S. Ferret, J. Pavie, J.F. Bergmann, M. Parrinello, BLefebvre, C. Boudraa, B. Diallo, C. Lupin, S. Herson, A. Simon, N. Edeb, L. Guillevin, T. Tahi, M.P. Pietri, D. Tisne-Dessus, C. Jalbert, P. Yeni, S. Matheron, G. Pahlavan, B. Phung, N. El-Alami Talbi, Z. Ramani, G. Catalano, C. Godard, F. Boue, V. Chambrin, D. Bornarel, H. Schoen, R. Carlier, B. Fantin, C. Poder, R. Dhote, M. Bentata, P. Honore, Xuan Tuyet, J.F. Delfraissy, F. Chaix, M.T. Rannou, Y. Levy, A. Sobel, C. Dumont, S. Abel, S. Pierre-François, V. Beaujolais, I. Poizot-Martin, O. Zaegel-Faucher, C. Debreux, J. Moreau, E. Van Der Gheynst, M.C. Thiebaut-Drobacheff, A. Foltzer, B. Hoen, J.F. Faucher, H. Gil, J.M. Ragnaud, I. Raymond, I. Louis, M. Hessamfar, V. Baillat, C Merle De Boever, C. Tramoni, A. Soufflet, P. Guadagnin, P. Choutet, O. Mounoury, D. Brosseau, H. Hue, T. May, S. Wassoumbou, M. Stenzel, M.P. Bouillon, Y. Yazdanpanah, T. Huleux, E. Aissi, S. Pavel, D. Rey, P. Fischer, G. Blaison, M. Martinot, A. Pachart, F. Jeanblanc, J.L. Touraine, C. Trepo, P. Miailhes, K. Kouadjo, V. Thoirain, C. Brochier, P. Perre, S. Leautez, J.L. Esnault, and I. Suaud

Subjects
Perinatal HIV infection, Cohort, Viral failure, Immunological outcome, Epidemiology, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: No study has compared the virological and immunological status of young people with perinatally-acquired HIV infection (P-HIV) with that of people with HIV adulthood (A-HIV) having a similar duration of infection. Methods: 5 French cohorts of P-HIV and A-HIV patients with a known date of HIV-infection and receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART), were used to compare the following proportions of: virological failure (VF) defined as plasma HIV RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL, CD4 cell percentages and CD4:CD8 ratios, at the time of the most recent visit since 2012. The analysis was stratified on time since infection, and multivariate models were adjusted for demographics and treatment history. Findings: 310 P-HIV were compared to 1515 A-HIV (median current ages 20.9 [IQR:14.4–25.5] and 45.9 [IQR:37.9–53.5] respectively). VF at the time of the most recent evaluation was significantly higher among P-HIV (22.6%, 69/306) than A-HIV (3.3%, 50/1514); p ≤ 0.0001. The risk of VF was particularly high among the youngest children (2–5 years), adolescents (13–17 years) and young adults (18–24 years), compared to A-HIV with a similar duration of infection: adjusted Odds-Ratio (aOR) 7.0 [95% CI: 1.7; 30.0], 11.4 [4.2; 31.2] and 3.3 [1.0; 10.8] respectively. The level of CD4 cell percentages did not differ between P-HIV and A-HIV. P-HIV aged 6–12 and 13–17 were more likely than A-HIV to have a CD4:CD8 ratio ≥ 1: 84.1% vs. 58.8% (aOR = 3.5 [1.5; 8.3]), and 60.9% vs. 54.7% (aOR = 1.9 [0.9; 4.2]) respectively. Interpretation: P-HIV were at a higher risk of VF than A-HIV with a similar duration of infection, even after adjusting for treatment history, whereas they were not at a higher risk of immunological impairment. Exposure to viral replication among young patients living with HIV since birth or a very early age, probably because of lower adherence, could have an impact on health, raising major concerns about the selection of resistance mutations and the risk of HIV transmission. Funding: Inserm - ANRS MIE.

Published
2024
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6. Figure S2 from Validation of Melanoma Immune Profile (MIP), a Prognostic Immune Gene Prediction Score for Stage II–III Melanoma

Author

Yvonne M. Saenger, Basil A. Horst, Carl Morrison, John J. Krolewski, Sandra J. Lee, Rui Chang, Sarabjot Pabla, Bret Taback, Marc S. Ernstoff, Shumin Rui, Jiayi Ji, Gen Li, Camden L. Esancy, Yichun Fu, Luke W. Barker, Camille L. Gérard, Margaret Bogardus, Emanuelle M. Rizk, Douglas K. Marks, and Robyn D. Gartrell

Abstract

Heat map showing relative levels of mRNA expression for each gene, specifying the gene represented by each row.

Published
2023

7. Table S1 from Validation of Melanoma Immune Profile (MIP), a Prognostic Immune Gene Prediction Score for Stage II–III Melanoma

Author

Yvonne M. Saenger, Basil A. Horst, Carl Morrison, John J. Krolewski, Sandra J. Lee, Rui Chang, Sarabjot Pabla, Bret Taback, Marc S. Ernstoff, Shumin Rui, Jiayi Ji, Gen Li, Camden L. Esancy, Yichun Fu, Luke W. Barker, Camille L. Gérard, Margaret Bogardus, Emanuelle M. Rizk, Douglas K. Marks, and Robyn D. Gartrell

Abstract

Comparison of patient demographics in validation cohort to original publication discovery and test cohorts.

Published
2023

8. Supplementary Figure Legends from Validation of Melanoma Immune Profile (MIP), a Prognostic Immune Gene Prediction Score for Stage II–III Melanoma

Author

Yvonne M. Saenger, Basil A. Horst, Carl Morrison, John J. Krolewski, Sandra J. Lee, Rui Chang, Sarabjot Pabla, Bret Taback, Marc S. Ernstoff, Shumin Rui, Jiayi Ji, Gen Li, Camden L. Esancy, Yichun Fu, Luke W. Barker, Camille L. Gérard, Margaret Bogardus, Emanuelle M. Rizk, Douglas K. Marks, and Robyn D. Gartrell

Abstract

Figure legends for supplementary figures.

Published
2023

9. Data from Validation of Melanoma Immune Profile (MIP), a Prognostic Immune Gene Prediction Score for Stage II–III Melanoma

Author

Yvonne M. Saenger, Basil A. Horst, Carl Morrison, John J. Krolewski, Sandra J. Lee, Rui Chang, Sarabjot Pabla, Bret Taback, Marc S. Ernstoff, Shumin Rui, Jiayi Ji, Gen Li, Camden L. Esancy, Yichun Fu, Luke W. Barker, Camille L. Gérard, Margaret Bogardus, Emanuelle M. Rizk, Douglas K. Marks, and Robyn D. Gartrell

Abstract

Purpose:Biomarkers are needed to stratify patients with stage II–III melanoma for clinical trials of adjuvant therapy because, while immunotherapy is protective, it also confers the risk of severe toxicity. We previously defined and validated a 53-immune gene melanoma immune profile (MIP) predictive both of distant metastatic recurrence and of disease-specific survival (DSS). Here, we test MIP on a third independent population.Experimental Design:A retrospective cohort of 78 patients with stage II–III primary melanoma was analyzed using the NanoString assay to measure expression of 53 target genes, and MIP score was calculated. Statistical analysis correlating MIP with DSS, overall survival, distant metastatic recurrence, and distant metastasis-free interval was performed using ROC curves, Kaplan–Meier curves, and standard univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.Results:MIP significantly distinguished patients with distant metastatic recurrence from those without distant metastatic recurrence using ROC curve analysis (AUC = 0.695; P = 0.008). We defined high- and low-risk groups based on the cutoff defined by this ROC curve and find that MIP correlates with both DSS and overall survival by ROC curve analysis (AUC = 0.719; P = 0.004 and AUC = 0.698; P = 0.004, respectively). Univariable Cox regression reveals that a high-risk MIP score correlates with DSS (P = 0.015; HR = 3.2).Conclusions:MIP identifies patients with low risk of death from melanoma and may constitute a clinical tool to stratify patients with stage II–III melanoma for enrollment in clinical trials.

Published
2023

18. Effect of intra‐operative intravenous lidocaine on opioid consumption after bariatric surgery: a prospective, randomised, blinded, placebo‐controlled study

Author

Arnaud Alves, Y. Le Roux, G. Al Issa, Jean-Luc Hanouz, F. Plass, M. O. Fischer, Anne-Lise Fiant, M. Zamparini, J. L. Gérard, and C. Nicolle

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Lidocaine, Nausea, medicine.medical_treatment, Placebo-controlled study, Bariatric Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bolus (medicine), Double-Blind Method, 030202 anesthesiology, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Anesthetics, Local, Intravenous lidocaine, Saline, Pain Measurement, Pain, Postoperative, business.industry, Analgesia, Patient-Controlled, Recovery of Function, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Surgery, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Vomiting, Female, Laparoscopy, medicine.symptom, business, Oxycodone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Peri-operative lidocaine infusion warrants investigation in bariatric surgery because obese patients present different physiological and pharmacological risks. This single-centre, prospective, randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study enrolled obese patients scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery using an enhanced recovery protocol. Patients received either lidocaine (bolus of 1.5 mg.kg-1 , then a continuous infusion of 2 mg.kg-1 .h-1 until the end of the surgery, then 1 mg.kg-1 .h-1 for 1 h in the recovery area) or identical volumes and rates of 0.9% saline. The primary outcome was the consumption of the equivalent of oxycodone consumption over the first 3 postoperative days. Secondary outcomes were: postoperative pain; incidence of nausea and vomiting; bowel function recovery; and lengths of stay in the recovery area and in hospital. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine were measured. On the 178 patients recruited, data were analysed from 176. The median (IQR [range]) equivalent intravenous oxycodone consumption was 3.3 mg (0.0-6.0 [0.0-14.5]) and 5.0 mg (3.3-7.0 [3.3-20.0]) in the lidocaine and saline groups, respectively (difference between medians (95%CI): 1.7 (0.6-3.4) mg; p = 0.004). Length of stay in the recovery area, postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, day of recovery of bowel function, and length of stay in hospital were not different between groups. Mean (SD) lidocaine plasma concentrations were 2.44 (0.70) µg.ml-1 and 1.77 (0.51) µg.ml-1 at the end of surgery and 1 hour after the end of infusion, respectively. Lidocaine infusion during bariatric surgery resulted in a clinically non-relevant difference in postoperative oxycodone consumption.

Published
2020

19. Safety and Efficacy of Ipilimumab plus Nivolumab and Sequential Selective Internal Radiation Therapy in Hepatic and Extrahepatic Metastatic Uveal Melanoma

Author

Veronica Aedo-Lopez, Camille L. Gérard, Sarah Boughdad, Bianca Gautron Moura, Gregoire Berthod, Antonia Digklia, Krisztian Homicsko, Niklaus Schaefer, Rafael Duran, Michel A. Cuendet, and Olivier Michielin

Subjects
Cancer Research, Oncology, immune checkpoint inhibitors, selective internal radiation therapy, uveal melanoma
Abstract

To assess the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab plus nivolumab around selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM). We present a retrospective, single center study of 32 patients with mUM divided into two groups based on the treatment received between April 2013 and April 2021. The SIRT_IpiNivo cohort was treated with Yttrium-90 microspheres and ipilimumab plus nivolumab before or after the SIRT (n = 18). The SIRT cohort underwent SIRT but did not receive combined immunotherapy with ipilimumab plus nivolumab (n = 14). Twelve patients (66.7%) of the SIRT_IpiNivo arm received SIRT as first-line treatment and six patients (33.3%) received ipilimumab plus nivolumab prior to SIRT. In the SIRT group, seven patients (50.0%) received single-agent immunotherapy. One patient treated with combined immunotherapy 68 months after the SIRT was included in this group. At the start of ipilimumab plus nivolumab, 94.4% (n = 17) presented hepatic metastases and 72.2% (n = 13) had extra liver disease. Eight patients (44.4%) of the SIRT_IpiNivo group experienced grade 3 or 4 immune related adverse events, mainly colitis and hepatitis. Median overall survival from the diagnosis of metastases was 49.6 months (95% confidence interval (CI); 24.1-not available (NA)) in the SIRT_IpiNivo group compared with 13.6 months (95% CI; 11.5-NA) in the SIRT group (log-rank p-value 0.027). The presence of extra liver metastases at the time of SIRT, largest liver lesion more than 8 cm (M1c) and liver tumor volume negatively impacted the survival. This real-world cohort suggests that a sequential treatment of ipilimumab plus nivolumab and SIRT is a well-tolerated therapeutic approach with promising survival rates.

Published
2022

20. Dragon 1 Protocol Manuscript

Author

R. Korenblik, B. Olij, L. A. Aldrighetti, M. Abu Hilal, M. Ahle, B. Arslan, L. J. van Baardewijk, I. Baclija, C. Bent, C. L. Bertrand, B. Björnsson, M. T. de Boer, S. W. de Boer, R. P. H. Bokkers, I. H. M. Borel Rinkes, S. Breitenstein, R. C. G. Bruijnen, P. Bruners, M. W. Büchler, J. C. Camacho, A. Cappelli, U. Carling, B. K. Y. Chan, D. H. Chang, J. choi, J. Codina Font, M. Crawford, D. Croagh, E. Cugat, R. Davis, D. W. De Boo, F. De Cobelli, J. F. De Wispelaere, O. M. van Delden, M. Delle, O. Detry, R. Díaz-Nieto, A. Dili, J. I. Erdmann, O. Fisher, C. Fondevila, Å. Fretland, F. Garcia Borobia, A. Gelabert, L. Gérard, F. Giuliante, P. D. Gobardhan, F. Gómez, T. Grünberger, D. J. Grünhagen, J. Guitart, J. Hagendoorn, J. Heil, D. Heise, E. Herrero, G. F. Hess, M. H. Hoffmann, R. Iezzi, F. Imani, J. Nguyen, E. Jovine, J. C. Kalff, G. Kazemier, T. P. Kingham, J. Kleeff, O. Kollmar, W. K. G. Leclercq, S. Lopez Ben, V. Lucidi, A. MacDonald, D. C. Madoff, S. Manekeller, G. Martel, A. Mehrabi, H. Mehrzad, M. R. Meijerink, K. Menon, P. Metrakos, C. Meyer, A. Moelker, S. Modi, N. Montanari, J. Navines, U. P. Neumann, P. Peddu, J. N. Primrose, X. Qu, D. Raptis, F. Ratti, F. Ridouani, C. Rogan, U. Ronellenfitsch, S. Ryan, C. Sallemi, J. Sampere Moragues, P. Sandström, L. Sarriá, A. Schnitzbauer, M. Serenari, A. Serrablo, M. L. J. Smits, E. Sparrelid, E. Spüntrup, G. A. Stavrou, R. P. Sutcliffe, I. Tancredi, J. C. Tasse, V. Udupa, D. Valenti, Y. Fundora, T. J. Vogl, X. Wang, S. A. White, W. A. Wohlgemuth, D. Yu, I. A. J. Zijlstra, C. A. Binkert, M. H. A. Bemelmans, C. van der Leij, E. Schadde, R. M. van Dam, UCL - SSS/IREC/IMAG - Pôle d'imagerie médicale, UCL - SSS/IREC/GAEN - Pôle d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/MONT - Pôle Mont Godinne, UCL - (MGD) Service de chirurgie, UCL - (MGD) Service de radiologie - résonance magnétique, ​Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE), RS: GROW - R2 - Basic and Translational Cancer Biology, Surgery, RS: GROW - R3 - Innovative Cancer Diagnostics & Therapy, MUMC+: DA BV Medisch Specialisten Radiologie (9), RS: Carim - B06 Imaging, MUMC+: MA Heelkunde (9), CCA - Cancer Treatment and quality of life, Radiology and nuclear medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, CCA -Cancer Center Amsterdam, CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, ANS - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, ANS - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, ACS - Microcirculation, ANS - Neurovascular Disorders, ANS - Systems & Network Neuroscience, Korenblik, R, Olij, B, Aldrighetti, L A, Hilal, M Abu, Ahle, M, Arslan, B, van Baardewijk, L J, Baclija, I, Bent, C, Bertrand, C L, Björnsson, B, de Boer, M T, de Boer, S W, Bokkers, R P H, Rinkes, I H M Borel, Breitenstein, S, Bruijnen, R C G, Bruners, P, Büchler, M W, Camacho, J C, Cappelli, A, Carling, U, Chan, B K Y, Chang, D H, Choi, J, Font, J Codina, Crawford, M, Croagh, D, Cugat, E, Davis, R, De Boo, D W, De Cobelli, F, De Wispelaere, J F, van Delden, O M, Delle, M, Detry, O, Díaz-Nieto, R, Dili, A, Erdmann, J I, Fisher, O, Fondevila, C, Fretland, Å, Borobia, F Garcia, Gelabert, A, Gérard, L, Giuliante, F, Gobardhan, P D, Gómez, F, Grünberger, T, Grünhagen, D J, Guitart, J, Hagendoorn, J, Heil, J, Heise, D, Herrero, E, Hess, G F, Hoffmann, M H, Iezzi, R, Imani, F, Nguyen, J, Jovine, E, Kalff, J C, Kazemier, G, Kingham, T P, Kleeff, J, Kollmar, O, Leclercq, W K G, Ben, S Lopez, Lucidi, V, Macdonald, A, Madoff, D C, Manekeller, S, Martel, G, Mehrabi, A, Mehrzad, H, Meijerink, M R, Menon, K, Metrakos, P, Meyer, C, Moelker, A, Modi, S, Montanari, N, Navines, J, Neumann, U P, Peddu, P, Primrose, J N, Qu, X, Raptis, D, Ratti, F, Ridouani, F, Rogan, C, Ronellenfitsch, U, Ryan, S, Sallemi, C, Moragues, J Sampere, Sandström, P, Sarriá, L, Schnitzbauer, A, Serenari, M, Serrablo, A, Smits, M L J, Sparrelid, E, Spüntrup, E, Stavrou, G A, Sutcliffe, R P, Tancredi, I, Tasse, J C, Udupa, V, Valenti, D, Fundora, Y, Vogl, T J, Wang, X, White, S A, Wohlgemuth, W A, Yu, D, Zijlstra, I A J, Binkert, C A, Bemelmans, M H A, van der Leij, C, Schadde, E, and van Dam, R M

Subjects
Liver hypertrophy, Portal vein embolization (PVE), Hepatic Veins, Accreditation, MAJOR HEPATECTOMY, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Combined portal- and hepatic vein embolization (PVE, MULTIPLE, Hepatectomy, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, Prospective Studies, HEPATOBILIARY SCINTIGRAPHY, Combined portal- and hepatic vein embolization (PVE/HVE), Kardiologi, Portal Vein, Liver Neoplasms, Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM), Hepatic vein embolization (HVE), HVE), Future liver remnant (FLR), Hypertrophy, Embolization, Therapeutic, 2-STAGE HEPATECTOMY, VENOUS DEPRIVATION, Treatment Outcome, Liver, COMPLETE RESECTION, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Hepatomegaly
Abstract

Study Purpose The DRAGON 1 trial aims to assess training, implementation, safety and feasibility of combined portal- and hepatic-vein embolization (PVE/HVE) to accelerate future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy in patients with borderline resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. Methods The DRAGON 1 trial is a worldwide multicenter prospective single arm trial. The primary endpoint is a composite of the safety of PVE/HVE, 90-day mortality, and one year accrual monitoring of each participating center. Secondary endpoints include: feasibility of resection, the used PVE and HVE techniques, FLR-hypertrophy, liver function (subset of centers), overall survival, and disease-free survival. All complications after the PVE/HVE procedure are documented. Liver volumes will be measured at week 1 and if applicable at week 3 and 6 after PVE/HVE and follow-up visits will be held at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the resection. Results Not applicable. Conclusion DRAGON 1 is a prospective trial to assess the safety and feasibility of PVE/HVE. Participating study centers will be trained, and procedures standardized using Work Instructions (WI) to prepare for the DRAGON 2 randomized controlled trial. Outcomes should reveal the accrual potential of centers, safety profile of combined PVE/HVE and the effect of FLR-hypertrophy induction by PVE/HVE in patients with CRLM and a small FLR. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04272931 (February 17, 2020). Toestingonline.nl: NL71535.068.19 (September 20, 2019).

Published
2022

21. Influence of bacterial resistance on mortality in intensive care units: a registry study from 2000 to 2013 (IICU Study)

Author

M. Aupée, S. Glorion, J. L. Gérard, V. Bonnet, Jean-Luc Hanouz, Eric Kipnis, M.O. Fischer, Hervé Dupont, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Réanimations [CHU Amiens-Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Université de Lille, Service d'Anesthésie - Réanimation Chirurgicale [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, and Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), Cross infection, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Registry study, Antibiotics, Antibiotic resistance, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross Infection, Bacteria, Icu mortality, business.industry, Bacterial Infections, General Medicine, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Survival Analysis, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Female, France, business
Abstract

International audience; Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a daily concern in intensive care units. However, few data are available concerning the clinical consequences of in-vitro-defined resistance. Aim: To compare the mortality of patients with nosocomial infections according to bacterial resistance profiles. Methods: The prospective surveillance registry in 29 French intensive care units (ICUs) participating during the years 2000-2013 was retrospectively analysed. All patients presenting with a nosocomial infection in ICU were included. Findings: The registry contained 88,000 eligible patients, including 10,001 patients with a nosocomial infection. Among them, 3092 (36.7%) were related to resistant microorganisms. Gram-negative bacilli exhibited the highest rate of resistance compared to Gram-positive cocci (52.8% vs 48.1%; P < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was higher in cases of patients with antibiotic-resistant infectious agents (51.9% vs 45.5%; P < 0.001), and critical care length of stay was longer (33 +/- 26 vs 29 +/- 22 days; P < 0.001). These results remained significant after SAPS II matching (P < 0.001) and in the Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci subgroups. No difference in mortality was found with respect to origin prior to admission. Conclusion: Patients with bacterial resistance had higher ICU mortality and increased length of stay, regardless of the bacterial species or origin of the patient. (C) 2019 The Healthcare Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2019

22. Factors Associated With Being Overweight and Obesity in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy: Socioclinical, Inflammation, and Metabolic Markers

Author

P Hochedez, B Fantin, J Delgado, P M Girard, J Pavie, M P Bouillon, Jean-Philippe Bastard, Mathilde Ghislain, L Bernard, J Lamarque, O Lambotte, A Rami, Jeanne Goupil de Bouillé, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Jean-Paul Viard, Rosemary Dray-Spira, C Bazin, M André, L Weiss, F Z Makhoukhi, Alain-Serge Keita, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Delcey, A Villemant, A Richard, S Ogoudjobi, Tatiana Feitoza, C Lascoux-Combe, M Delestan, B Roze, Laurent Tran, David Rey, M Kassim, J Chas, B Lefebvre, Faroudy Boufassa, S Gibert, M J Carmantrand, L Gérard, G Blaison, L Slama, Claudine Duvivier, Philippe Morlat, S Parlier, A Ameur, L Meddeb, Cécile Goujard, S Matheron, Rémonie Seng, C Blanco Bétancourt, A Maignan, Isabelle Poizot-Martin, Z Ouazene, Sophie Abgrall, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, A Proust, Lorraine Plessis, André Cabié, M Guignard, S Pierre-François, C Crisol, Dominique Salmon, A Simon, S Caldato, Abdellatif Essabbani, D Beniken, P Perré, M C Marien, P Passe-Courtin, H Hue, Christian Chidiac, Corinne Vigouroux, L Traore, M Parrinello, A Benmammar, I Kansau, Catherine Chirouze, F Touam, S Poirier, C Chesnel, F Boué, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Jean-Paul Teglas, C Cerland, A Ivanova, J Zelie, M C Thiebaut-Drobacheff, J F Bergmann, Christine Rouzioux, T May, Laurence Meyer, S Lariven, M Martinot, M C Hallouin-Bernard, A Meybeck, D Makhloufi, M P Pietri, A Pachard, L Larmetand, Olivier Lortholary, M L Batard and, J P Viard, Dorothée Vignes, M Manea, M Mohseni Zadeh, F Louni, P Fischer, J Moreau, Jacques Reynes, Q Gardiennet, Olivier Bouchaud, C Tramoni, Joly, François Raffi, A S Batalla, D Neau, Robert Carlier, P Sellier, C Rioux, Laurent Cotte, K Bourdic, S Le Puil, A Pegeot, J M Molina, S Abel, O Bourgault, G H Tarnier-Cochin, M J Dulucq, Gilles Pialoux, F Ronin, Lucie Marchand, and Soraya Fellahi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cart, Male, 030106 microbiology, Physiology, HIV Infections, Overweight, Weight Gain, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Obesity, Inflammation, Adiponectin, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, Infectious Diseases, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Lipid profile, Body mass index, Viral load, Weight gain
Abstract

Background We investigated the association between socioclinical, inflammatory, and metabolic markers and weight gain in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Methods Individuals from the COPANA cohort of normal weight (body mass index [BMI], 18.5–24.9 [ calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) at cART initiation who achieved virological suppression (viral load, Results After 36 months of cART, 32 of 158 people with HIV (20%) became overweight or obese (21% female; 65% born in France and 23% born in sub-Saharan Africa; median BMI at cART initiation, 22 [interquartile range, 21–23]). After adjustment, higher BMI, originating from sub-Saharan Africa, living in a couple, and higher soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 and lower adiponectin concentrations at cART initiation were associated with becoming overweight or obese. Conclusion Weight gain on cART is multifactorial. Special attention should be given to migrants from sub-Saharan Africa. Monocyte activation and adipocyte dysfunction at cART initiation affect weight regulation.

Published
2020

23. Modélisation des flux de coliformes fécaux parvenant à la baie des Veys (Normandie, France)

Author

C. Vieillard, Michel Lafforgue, and L. Gérard

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Ocean Engineering, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

La baie des Veys, situee en Normandie (France), est le lieu d’un nombre important de parcs conchylicoles. Cette activite economique est a la merci de pollutions bacteriennes ponctuelles issues du bassin versant, qui peuvent alors rendre potentiellement les coquillages impropres a la consommation, et donc nuire a leur commercialisation. Le bassin versant de 3500 km 2 comporte quatre grandes rivieres (Vire, Aure, Douve, Taute), ainsi que des petits cours d’eau cOtiers. Une etude complete a ete realisee afin d’identifier dans quel contexte il y a des risques de contamination importante des parcs conchylicoles, d’ou proviennent les bacteries correspondantes, et de definir un plan d’action a mettre en oeuvre pour y remedier. Cette etude s’est appuyee sur une double modelisation des flux bacteriens ( Escherichia coli ), consistant en un modele terrestre sur le bassin versant jusqu’aux exutoires en mer, et un modele marin, les sorties du premier modele etant les entrees du second. Ces modeles ont pris en compte les sources d’emission, le routage et la mortalite bacterienne dans les rivieres et en mer. Le modele terrestre a ete cale sur la base de campagnes de mesures en ete et en hiver. La modelisation a ensuite ete utilisee pour tester des scenarios climatiques (avec differentes conditions de vent, de maree, de pluie et de temperature) et des scenarios de pollutions accidentelles ou prospectifs. Cette modelisation permet de lier les contaminations principales des parcs conchylicoles aux sources d’emission (sous-bassins versants agricoles, rejets de station d’epuration, rejets pluviaux urbains…), et constitue donc un outil de premier ordre pour un plan d’actions ciblees. Il est en outre utilisable comme outil de gestion active en cas de pollution accidentelle. Les pluies et les portes a flots apparaissent avoir un effet majeur sur les bilans des flux bacteriens arrivant en mer.

Published
2017

24. Campylobacter infection in adult patients with primary antibody deficiency

Author

Jérémie Dion, Marion Malphettes, Lucie Bénéjat, Francis Mégraud, Alain Wargnier, David Boutboul, Lionel Galicier, Vincent Le Moing, Patrick Giraud, Arnaud Jaccard, Raphaële Nove-Josserand, Claire Fieschi, Eric Oksenhendler, Laurence Gérard, E. Oksenhendler, C. Fieschi, M. Malphettes, L. Galicier, S. Georgin, J.P. Fermand, J.F. Viallard, A. Jaccard, C. Hoarau, Y. Lebranchu, A. Bérezné, L. Mouthon, M. Karmochkine, N. Schleinitz, I. Durieu, R. Nove-Josserand, V. Chanet, V. Le-Moing, N. Just, C. Salanoubat, R. Jaussaud, F. Suarez, O. Hermine, P. Solal-Celigny, E. Hachulla, G. Condette-Wojtasik, L. Sanhes, M. Gardembas, I. Pellier, P. Tisserant, M. Pavic, B. Bonnotte, J. Haroche, Z. Amoura, L. Alric, M.F. Thiercelin, L. Tetu, D. Adoue, P. Bordigoni, T. Perpoint, P. Sève, P. Rohrlich, J.L. Pasquali, P. Soulas-Sprauel, L.J. Couderc, P. Giraud, A. Baruchel, I. Deleveau, F. Chaix, J. Donadieu, F. Tron, C. Larroche, A.P. Blanc, A. Masseau, M. Hamidou, G. Gorochov, J.L. Garnier, H. Moins, L. Gérard, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie ((EA_3518)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses (TransVIHMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie (URP_3518), Université de Paris (UP), Clinique Pont-de-Chaume, CHU Limoges, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), DEFI study group: E Oksenhendler, C Fieschi, M Malphettes, L Galicier, S Georgin, J P Fermand, J F Viallard, A Jaccard, C Hoarau, Y Lebranchu, A Bérezné, L Mouthon, M Karmochkine, N Schleinitz, I Durieu, R Nove-Josserand, V Chanet, V Le-Moing, N Just, C Salanoubat, R Jaussaud, F Suarez, O Hermine, P Solal-Celigny, E Hachulla, G Condette-Wojtasik, L Sanhes, M Gardembas, I Pellier, P Tisserant, M Pavic, B Bonnotte, J Haroche, Z Amoura, L Alric, M F Thiercelin, L Tetu, D Adoue, P Bordigoni, T Perpoint, P Sève, P Rohrlich, J L Pasquali, P Soulas-Sprauel, L J Couderc, P Giraud, A Baruchel, I Deleveau, F Chaix, J Donadieu, F Tron, C Larroche, A P Blanc, A Masseau, M Hamidou, G Gorochov, J L Garnier, H Moins, C Fieschi, M Malphettes, L Gérard, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Gastrointestinal Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Population, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Internal medicine, Campylobacter Infections, medicine, Prevalence, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Univariate analysis, business.industry, Campylobacter, Liver Diseases, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Diarrhea, 030228 respiratory system, Bacteremia, Coinfection, Female, France, medicine.symptom, business, Complication, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) is characterized by a defective immunoglobulin production and recurrent infections, mostly involving respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Chronic or recurrent diarrhea is reported in up to 23%. Campylobacter infection is a common cause of infectious diarrhea, reported in 1.2% to 7.5% of patients with common variable immunodefi-ciency (CVID), the most frequent PAD. The aim of this study was to describe Campylobacter infection in patients with PAD included in a large nationwide study and analyze factors associ-ated with susceptibility to this pathogen. The DEFI (DEFicit Immunitaire) study is an ongoing large cross-sectional French multicentric study of adults with PAD, with retrospective collection of clinical data. All patients with a history of bacteriologically documented Campylobacter infection were identified, and clinical data were collected for each episode. Factors associated with recurrent infection were assessed as oddsratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), calculated by means of simple regression analysis. In patients with available material, strains of each episode were characterized using molecular analysis and compared (Table E1, available in this article’s Online Repository at www.jaci-inpractice.org). A com-parison of immunodeficiency-related characteristics of patients with and without Campylobacter infection was performed in the homogeneous group of patients with CVID. The control group included patients with CVID from DEFI centers who confirmed that patients did not develop Campylobacter infection after enrollment (Figure E1, available in this article’s Online Repository at www.jaci-inpractice.org). After correction for multiple comparisons, P

Published
2018

25. First 200 consecutive transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic TEPs

Author

Marianne Paesmans, Giovanni Dapri, Sven Saussez, L Gérard, and Guy-Bernard Cadière

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Incisional hernia, medicine.medical_treatment, Hernia, Inguinal, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Hernia, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Laparoscopy, Herniorrhaphy, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Umbilicus, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Perioperative, Middle Aged, Surgical Mesh, medicine.disease, Hernia repair, Surgery, Inguinal hernia, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Peritoneum, business, Algorithms, Learning Curve, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

Endoscopic pre-peritoneal mesh repair (TEP) through single-incision laparoscopy (SIL) permits placement of a large mesh through a final millimetric umbilical scar. This prospective study evaluates the first 200 consecutive SILTEPs performed by a single surgeon. Between November 2011 and September 2015, 200 consecutive SILTEPs were performed in 161 patients. The mean age was 49.8 ± 16.3 years and the mean BMI was 24.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2. The technique involved one 11-mm trocar, one 10-mm 0° scope and curved reusable instruments. A supplementary 1.8-mm straight trocarless grasping forceps was percutaneously inserted for perioperative complications or difficulties. A unilateral hernia repair was performed in 122 patients, and a bilateral repair in 39 patients. The total operative time was 57.4 ± 22.3 min, and pure laparoscopic time was 46.6 ± 21.6 min. There was no need for insertion of a supplementary 5-mm trocar, and the need for insertion of 1.8-mm trocarless grasper was 32.9%. Perioperative complications occurred in 73 patients. The mean final scar length was 15.3 ± 2.6 mm. The mean hospital stay was 1.0 ± 0.3 days. Postoperative complications at the access site affected 15 patients and at the hernia site 31 patients. After a mean follow-up of 25.4 ± 12.3 months, there was one asymptomatic, small incisional hernia at the access site as well as one reoperation for recurrent inguinal hernia at 16 months. No other late complications were registered. Transumbilical SILTEP permits placement of a large mesh through a final millimetric scar. Getting over the learning curve in conventional multitrocar TEP is mandatory. As per our institute’s algorithm, the contraindications continue to be giant inguino-scrotal, incarcerated and recurrent inguinal hernias.

Published
2016

28. Bonnes et mauvaises indications de la compression/contention en phlébologie

Author

J.-L. Gérard

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Le traitement par bas de compression est largement accepte par la majorite des medecins et les raisons de son utilite semblent evidentes. Cependant, en medecine, une impression personnelle ne permet pas de donner des directives. En raison de la faiblesse des etudes, les « guidelines » americaines et britanniques ne peuvent pas nous donner de recommandations sur la compression apres traitement des varices, mais seulement des suggestions sans reelle conviction. Compliance au traitement par compression elastique Le taux d’observance a la compression elastique est mediocre et est estime en fonction des allegations des patients. Tres interessante, une etude a permis de nous donner le taux objectif d’observance, a l’aide d’une sonde thermique inseree dans le bas qui a mesure la temperature de la peau toutes les 20 minutes pendant 4 semaines. De facon tres surprenante, le temps moyen quotidien du port des bas n’etait que de 5,6 heures et le nombre moyen de jours pendant laquelle la compression a ete portee par semaine n’etait que de 3,4 jours. Lorsque les patients avaient recu des recommandations detaillees, avec un message SMS envoye une fois par semaine pendant quatre semaines, la duree quotidienne moyenne du port des bas avait ete de 8 heures et le nombre moyen de jours par semaine avait ete de 4,8 jours. Bonnes indications de la compression/contention Le port de bas de compression chez les patients C1 et C2 symptomatiques ou avec œdeme de la jambe devrait etre preconise. La regle absolue, le mot clef, devrait etre œdeme (C3) : œdeme = compression. A fortiori en cas d’insuffisance veineuse chronique (C3–C6), il est fortement recommande de porter des bas de compression avec une recommandation forte. Mauvaises indications de la compression/contention Le port de bas de compression chez les patients C1 et C2 asymptomatiques sans œdeme des jambes ne devrait pas etre impose. Les bas de compression ne peuvent pas empecher l’evolution des varices. Ablation thermique et compression Il n’y a aucune preuve du benefice de l’utilisation prolongee de la compression apres une ablation endoveineuse des varices. Sclerotherapie et compression Les preuves de l’avantage des bas de compression dans ces essais controles randomises sont equivoques et ne permettent pas de donner des recommandations. Conclusion La compression devrait etre preconisee chez les patients souffrant de maladie veineuse chronique symptomatique, et fortement recommandee chez les patients en cas d’œdeme des jambes et a plus forte raison en cas d’insuffisance veineuse chronique.

Published
2020

29. Late‐Onset Combined Immune Deficiency: A Subset of Common Variable Immunodeficiency with Severe T Cell Defect

Author

Marion, Malphettes, Laurence, Gérard, Maryvonnick, Carmagnat, Gaël, Mouillot, Nicolas, Vince, David, Boutboul, Alice, Bérezné, Raphaële, Nove-Josserand, Vincent, Lemoing, Laurent, Tetu, Jean-François, Viallard, Bernard, Bonnotte, Michel, Pavic, Julien, Haroche, Claire, Larroche, Jean-Claude, Brouet, Jean-Paul, Fermand, Claire, Rabian, Claire, Fieschi, Eric, Oksenhendler, L, Gérard, Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Immunité et Infection, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), HIA Desgenettes, Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], and DEFI Study Group: C Fieschi, M Malphettes, L Galicier, J P Fermand, B Asli, J F Viallard, A Jaccard, C Hoarau, Y Hoarau, A Bérezné, L Mouthon, M Karmochkine, N Schleinitz, I Durieu, R Nove-Josserand, V Chanet, V Le-Moing, N Just, C Salanoubat, R Jaussaud, F Suarez, O Hermine, P Solal-Celigny, E Hachulla, L Sanhes, M Gardembas, I Pellier, P Tisserant, M Pavic, B Bonnotte, J Haroche, Z Amoura, L Alric, M F Thiercelin, L Tetu, D Adoue, P Bordigoni, T Perpoint, P Sève, P Rohrlich, J L Pasquali, P Soulas, J L Couderc, E Catherinot, P Giraud, A Baruchel, I Deleveau, F Chaix, J Donadieu, F Tron, S Jacquot, C Larroche, A P Blanc, A Masseau, M Hamidou, G Kenny, M Morisset, F Millot, O Fain, R Borie, P Debré, C Schmitt, M Le Garff-Tavernier, B Faideau, H Mkada, G Mouillot, J L Garnier, I Théodorou, A G Marcelin, V Calvez, C Rabian, M Carmagnat, C Fieschi, M Malphettes, N Vince, D Boutboul, A De Gouvello, A Gardeur, L Gérard

Subjects
Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), T-Lymphocytes, Lymphocyte, T cell, Opportunistic Infections, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Young Adult, Immune system, Agammaglobulinemia, Immunopathology, Humans, Medicine, Age of Onset, B cell, Aged, biology, business.industry, Common variable immunodeficiency, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, biology.protein, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, Antibody, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immune deficiency defined by defective antibody production. In most series, a small proportion of patients present with opportunistic infections (OIs). METHODS The French DEFI study has enrolled patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia and allows a detailed clinical and immunologic description of patients with previous OIs and/or at risk for OIs. RESULTS Among 313 patients with CVID, 28 patients (8.9%) presented with late-onset combined immune deficiency (LOCID), defined by the occurrence of an OI and/or a CD4(+) T cell count

Published
2009

30. Laparoscopic prosthetic parastomal and perineal hernia repair after abdominoperineal resection

Author

Giovanni Dapri, Deborah Repullo, Sixte Henry Sondji, Guy-Bernard Cadière, L Gérard, Sven Saussez, Ion-Rares Surdeanu, and Luca Cardinali

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, Perineum, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Incisional Hernia, Hernia, Laparoscopy, Perineal hernia, Herniorrhaphy, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, Abdominoperineal resection, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Surgical Stomas, medicine.disease, Colorectal surgery, Surgery, Hernia, Abdominal, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business, Abdominal surgery
Published
2016

31. [Computerized oculomotor training in dyslexia: A randomized, crossover clinical trial in pediatric population]

Author

H, Peyre, C-L, Gérard, I, Dupong Vanderhorst, S, Larger, C, Lemoussu, J, Vesta, E, Bui Quoc, N, Gouleme, R, Delorme, and M P, Bucci

Subjects
Male, Cross-Over Studies, Physical Education and Training, Writing, Dyslexia, Treatment Outcome, Reading, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Memory, Motor Skills, Oculomotor Muscles, Saccades, Humans, Attention, Female, Child
Abstract

Several studies have reported abnormal oculomotor capacities leading to reading/writing difficulties among dyslexic children. However, no randomized clinical trial has been conducted to determine whether oculomotor training improves reading/writing skills of these children. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of computer-based oculomotor training among dyslexic children.Crossover randomized trial with enrollment from January 12, 2015 to July 24, 2015, and follow-up to February 4, 2016. Eleven children (aged 7 to 12 years old) with dyslexia were included in a French psychiatric unit. The computer-based oculomotor training consisted of exercises focused on control of saccadic movements (reflexes and voluntary saccades), vergences and visual attention and memory. At baseline, 3 and 6 months, participants were assessed on reading and writing skills as well as phonological skills, visuo-attentional skills and verbal memory using the French batterie analytique du langage écrit (BALE). Saccadic and antisaccadic ocular movements (latencies and gains) were recorded using a specific device. Several Anova models were performed to test whether oculomotor training improves reading, writing and phonological, verbal memory and visuo-attentional skills. Our analyses were considered exploratory (alpha at 5%).No effect of oculomotor training was found on reading skills. However, oculomotor training was associated with a short-term effect (after 3 months of training) on several tests measuring phonological skills (syllabic suppression; P-value=0.022), visuo-attentional skills (search of anarchic verbal cues; P-value=0.035) and verbal memory (digit span backward; P-value=0.022) and with a long-term effect (3 months after the end of the 3 months of training) on a measure of writing skills (regular words; P-value=0.019). Finally, training was associated with an increase of saccadic latencies indicating an increase of visuo-attentional skills (P-value=0.026).Our results suggested that computer-based oculomotor training might be effective on writing skills and several cognitive skills among dyslexic children, but future clinical trials are needed to confirm our results.

Published
2016

32. Exclusion of Patients with a Severe T-Cell Defect Improves the Definition of Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Author

Rémi Bertinchamp, Laurence Gérard, David Boutboul, Marion Malphettes, Claire Fieschi, Eric Oksenhendler, E. Oksenhendler, C. Fieschi, M. Malphettes, L. Galicier, D. Boutboul, J.P. Fermand, J.F. Viallard, A. Jaccard, C. Hoarau, Y. Lebranchu, A. Bérezné, L. Mouthon, M. Karmochkine, N. Schleinitz, I. Durieu, R. Nove-Josserand, V. Chanet, V. Le-Moing, N. Just, C. Salanoubat, R. Jaussaud, F. Suarez, O. Hermine, P. Solal-Celigny, E. Hachulla, L. Sanhes, M. Gardembas, I. Pellier, P. Tisserant, M. Pavic, B. Bonnotte, J. Haroche, Z. Amoura, L. Alric, M.F. Thiercelin, L. Tetu, D. Adoue, P. Bordigoni, T. Perpoint, P. Sève, P. Rohrlich, J.L. Pasquali, A.S. Korganow, P. Soulas, L.J. Couderc, E. Catherinot, P. Giraud, A. Baruchel, I. Deleveau, F. Chaix, J. Donadieu, F. Tron, C. Larroche, A.P. Blanc, A. Masseau, M. Hamidou, G. Kanny, M. Morisset, F. Millot, O. Fain, R. Borie, A. Perlat, B. Bienvenue, B. Autran, G. Gorochov, J.L. Garnier, H. Moins, G. Maki, L. Gérard, Service d'Immunopathologie [Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris], Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie ((EA_3518)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Différenciation et progression tumorale des lymphocytes, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-CHU Saint Louis [APHP], and École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Opportunistic infection, T cell, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Population, Late onset combined immunodeficiency, Opportunistic Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, Agammaglobulinemia, Overall survival, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Immunodeficiency, Humans, [SDV.IMM.ALL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Allergology, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Common variable immunodeficiency, CVID, Definition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Confidence interval, 3. Good health, Surgery, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Female, business
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND:In 2014, the European Society for Immune Deficiencies (ESID) revised the common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) diagnosis criteria by incorporating new clinical and biological markers. The new definition appeared more restrictive but had not yet been evaluated in a large cohort of patients.OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of this new definition in a large cohort of patients with primary hypogammaglobulinemia.METHODS:Evaluation of 3 different CVID definitions (ESID/Pan-American Group for Immunodeficiency [PAGID] 1999, ESID 2014, DEFI 2015) in 521 patients included in the French DEFI study with a diagnosis of primary hypogammaglobulinemia.RESULTS:Using the ESID/PAGID 1999 definition, 351 patients were classified as CVID. The new ESID 2014 definition excluded 62 (18%) patients. Most of them (n = 56; 90%) had a less severe disease, whereas 6 (10%) presented with a severe disease with major T-cell defect. We propose different criteria (occurrence of opportunistic infection or very low naive CD4+ T-cell count) to define this population with severe T-cell defect. Sixty-two patients fulfilled these criteria, represented 20% of the initial CVID population but accounted for 77% of the deaths, with a 5-year overall survival of 67.6% (95% confidence interval, 51.0-79.6), and were considered as late onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID).CONCLUSIONS:The new ESID definition for CVID still fails to exclude a large number of patients with severe T-cell defect. We propose a new definition (DEFI 2015) that excluded more patients with a T-cell defect and consider these patients as LOCID. This population has a poor outcome and should be considered as a distinct group requiring specific care.

Published
2016

33. HESS observations of the Carina nebula and its enigmatic colliding wind binary Eta Carinae

Author

E. Birsin, G. Cologna, Nu. Komin, K. Egberts, Anna Szostek, S. J. Nolan, Joachim Hahn, Petter Hofverberg, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, Heinrich J. Völk, M. Renaud, W. Kluźniak, P.-O. Petrucci, N. W. Pekeur, D. Nekrassov, G. Pühlhofer, M.-H. Grondin, J. Perez, A. Reimer, M. Naumann-Godo, M. Paz Arribas, P. Bordas, Dirk Lennarz, E. Moulin, A. Jacholkowska, Fabio Acero, A. Charbonnier, F. Feinstein, S. Heinz, C.-C. Lu, Andreas Quirrenbach, A. A. Zdziarski, Igor Oya, M. K. Daniel, S. Schwarzburg, M. Füßling, Stefan Ohm, Sarah Kaufmann, Ullrich Schwanke, Michael Zacharias, S. Pita, T. Bulik, I. Büsching, M. Dalton, L. Gérard, B. Glück, Anna Barnacka, Riaan Steenkamp, Matteo Cerruti, T. J. L. McComb, J. K. Becker, F. Krayzel, J. Dyks, A. G. Akhperjanian, G. Pelletier, S. Rosier-Lees, G. Heinzelmann, M. Mohamed, Regis Terrier, D. Klochkov, M. C. Medina, R. Kossakowski, Yvonne Becherini, B. Peyaud, A. Bochow, Werner Hofmann, Gilles Maurin, J. L. Skilton, Christo Venter, Marek Jamrozy, Andreas Hillert, M. V. Fernandes, D. Göring, R. White, A. Marcowith, Joachim Ripken, C. Jahn, Helene Sol, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, S. Häffner, A. Balzer, J. Bolmont, N. Nguyen, N. Maxted, I. Sushch, Michael Punch, Julien Masbou, Reinhard Schlickeiser, R. Moderski, J. Harris, A. Zech, Christian Stegmann, Isak Delberth Davids, M. Ostrowski, Peter Eger, Gisela Anton, A. Fiasson, Jim Hinton, L. Fallon, S. Schwemmer, Andrea Santangelo, C. van Eldik, V. Marandon, Hugh Dickinson, C. L. Naumann, David Sánchez, Gavin Rowell, Y. A. Gallant, H.-S. Zechlin, Daniel Hampf, M. Hauser, R. de los Reyes, Sabrina Casanova, F. Sheidaei, P. Espigat, Frank M. Rieger, Michal Dyrda, A. Abramowski, Ł. Stawarz, Francois Brun, G. Spengler, Francesca Volpe, J. D. Hague, B. Nicholas, André Schulz, J.-P. Tavernet, S. J. Fegan, A. Djannati-Ataï, Dieter Horns, J. Mehault, W. Domainko, Jacek Niemiec, Henning Gast, Pascal Vincent, A. Cheesebrough, Gerard Fontaine, Olaf Reimer, M. Mayer, K. Stycz, Jan Conrad, I. Jung, B. Rudak, A. Lopatin, B. Degrange, L. O'c. Drury, Anna Zajczyk, J. F. Glicenstein, Thierry Montmerle, M. de Naurois, Gilles Henri, J.-P. Lenain, F. Stinzing, Alicja Wierzcholska, B. Giebels, T. Garrigoux, Serguei Vorobiov, Krzysztof Katarzynski, M. J. Vorster, Markus Holler, Felix Aharonian, Pierre Brun, H. Laffon, K. Valerius, D. Nedbal, Thomas Lohse, M. Panter, U. Katz, M. Tluczykont, V. Sahakian, Martin Ward, C. B. Rulten, C. Boisson, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, J. Brucker, G. Lamanna, R. C. G. Chaves, Aion Viana, B. Opitz, Jonathan Biteau, Guillaume Dubus, K. Dutson, Christoph Deil, T. Kneiske, L. Rob, Stefan Wagner, M. A. Kastendieck, G. Vasileiadis, P. M. Chadwick, A. Förster, Martin Raue, and Svenja Carrigan

Subjects
Physics, Colliding-wind binary, Spectral index, Nebula, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Particle acceleration, Cover (topology), Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (logic), Supernova remnant, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The massive binary system Eta Carinae and the surrounding HII complex, the Carina Nebula, are potential particle acceleration sites from which very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) \gamma-ray emission could be expected. This paper presents data collected during VHE \gamma-ray observations with the H.E.S.S. telescope array from 2004 to 2010, which cover a full orbit of Eta Carinae. In the 33.1-hour data set no hint of significant \gamma-ray emission from Eta Carinae has been found and an upper limit on the \gamma-ray flux of 7.7 x 10-13 ph cm-2 s-1 (99% confidence level) is derived above the energy threshold of 470 GeV. Together with the detection of high-energy (HE; 0.1 GeV > E > 100 GeV) \gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT up to 100 GeV, and assuming a continuation of the average HE spectral index into the VHE domain, these results imply a cut-off in the \gamma-ray spectrum between the HE and VHE \gamma-ray range. This could be caused either by a cut-off in the accelerated particle distribution or by severe \gamma-\gamma\ absorption losses in the wind collision region. Furthermore, the search for extended \gamma-ray emission from the Carina Nebula resulted in an upper limit on the \gamma-ray flux of 4.2 x 10-12 ph cm-2 s-1 (99% confidence level). The derived upper limit of ~23 on the cosmic-ray enhancement factor is compared with results found for the old-age mixed-morphology supernova remnant W 28.

Published
2012

34. BL LAC POPULATION STUDY: EARLY RESULTS USING THE Fermi 11-MONTH CATALOG

Author

Santiago Pita, L. Gérard, Gilles Henri, and Michael Punch

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, Jet (fluid), Line-of-sight, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Population, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Luminosity, Lorentz factor, symbols.namesake, symbols, education, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, BL Lac object
Abstract

In the framework of AGN unification, BL Lacs and their parent population would share the same intrinsic characteristics, the observational differences being due to the orientation of the jet compared to our line of sight. BL Lacs would be those objects whose jet is oriented towards us, Doppler boosting the emission. The growing number of BL Lacs detected at HE (> 100 MeV) and VHE (> 100 GeV) is a challenge for this scheme, since the high values of Doppler factors needed to explain the emission of these sources imply a large density for the parent population. We studied the BL Lac source sample detected by Fermi after 11 months of observation. Using the data presented in Fermi's first AGN catalog, we put constraints on the intrinsic characteristics of this BL Lac population, such as the intrinsic luminosity and Lorentz factor distributions. Based on these results, we used Monte Carlo simulations to constrain the space density of the parent population and the jet opening angle.

Published
2012

36. Parental Consanguinity is Associated with a Severe Phenotype in Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Author

Claire, Rivoisy, Laurence, Gérard, David, Boutboul, Marion, Malphettes, Claire, Fieschi, Isabelle, Durieu, François, Tron, Agathe, Masseau, Pierre, Bordigoni, Laurent, Alric, Julien, Haroche, Cyrille, Hoarau, Alice, Bérézné, Maryvonnick, Carmagnat, Gael, Mouillot, Eric, Oksenhendler, and L, Gérard

Subjects
Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, Immunology, Population, Consanguinity, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Gastroenterology, Young Adult, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Genetic Testing, Young adult, Child, education, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic testing, education.field_of_study, Bronchiectasis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Common variable immunodeficiency, Incidence (epidemiology), Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Phenotype, Female, France, business, CD8
Abstract

The DEFI study has collected clinical data and biological specimens from kindreds with CVID. Patients with demonstrated parental consanguinity (cCVID group) were compared to patients without parental consanguinity (ncCVID). A total of 24 of the 436 patients with CVID had consanguineous parents. Age at first symptoms and age at diagnosis were comparable in the two groups. Some complications were more frequent in cCVID patients: splenomegaly (62.5% vs. 29%; p = 0.001), granulomatous disease (29% vs. 12%; p = 0.02), and bronchiectasis (58% vs. 29%; p = 0.003). A high incidence of opportunistic infections was also observed in this population (29% vs. 5%; p < 0.001). Distribution of B-cell subsets were similar in the two groups. Naive CD4+ T cells were decreased in cCVID patients (15% vs. 28%; p < 0.001), while activated CD4 + CD95+ (88% vs. 74%; p = 0.002) and CD8 + HLA-DR + T cells (47% vs. 31%; p < 0.001) were increased in these patients when compared to ncCVID patients. Parental consanguinity is associated with an increased risk of developing severe clinical complications in patients with CVID. Most of these patients presented with severe T-cell abnormalities and should be considered with a diagnosis of late-onset combined immune deficiency (LOCID). Systematic investigation for parental consanguinity in patients with CVID provides useful information for specific clinical care and genetic screening.

Published
2011

37. B-Cell and T-Cell Phenotypes in CVID Patients Correlate with the Clinical Phenotype of the Disease

Author

Gaël, Mouillot, Maryvonnick, Carmagnat, Laurence, Gérard, Jean-Luc, Garnier, Claire, Fieschi, Nicolas, Vince, Lionel, Karlin, Jean-François, Viallard, Roland, Jaussaud, Julien, Boileau, Jean, Donadieu, Martine, Gardembas, Nicolas, Schleinitz, Felipe, Suarez, Eric, Hachulla, Karen, Delavigne, Martine, Morisset, Serge, Jacquot, Nicolas, Just, Lionel, Galicier, Dominique, Charron, Patrice, Debré, Eric, Oksenhendler, Claire, Rabian, and L, Gérard

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Protein-Losing Enteropathies, T-Lymphocytes, T cell, Immunology, Cell Separation, Infections, Immunophenotyping, Lymphopenia, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, fas Receptor, B cell, Aged, B-Lymphocytes, biology, business.industry, Common variable immunodeficiency, Autoimmune Cytopenia, Protein losing enteropathy, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, medicine.disease, Immunoglobulin Class Switching, Lymphocyte Subsets, Common Variable Immunodeficiency, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunoglobulin class switching, CD4 Antigens, Disease Progression, biology.protein, Female, France, Antibody, business, Immunologic Memory
Abstract

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by recurrent infections and defective immunoglobulin production.The DEFI French national prospective study investigated peripheral T-cell and B-cell compartments in 313 CVID patients grouped according to their clinical phenotype, using flow cytometry.In patients developing infection only (IO), the main B-cell or T-cell abnormalities were a defect in switched memory B cells and a decrease in naive CD4(+) T cells associated with an increase in CD4(+)CD95(+) cells. These abnormalities were more pronounced in patients developing lymphoproliferation (LP), autoimmune cytopenia (AC), or chronic enteropathy (CE). Moreover, LP and AC patients presented an increase in CD21(low) B cells and CD4(+)HLA-DR(+) T cells and a decrease in regulatory T cells.In these large series of CVID patients, the major abnormalities of the B-cell and T-cell compartments, although a hallmark of CVID, were only observed in half of the IO patients and were more frequent and severe in patients with additional lymphoproliferative, autoimmune, and digestive complications.

Published
2010

39. Very high energy γ-ray observations of the binary PSR B1259–63/SS2883 around the 2007 Periastron

Author

A. A. Zdziarski, M. K. Daniel, Gavin Rowell, L. Venter, A. C. Clapson, M. C. Medina, T. J. L. McComb, Gilles Henri, Marek Sikora, W. Domainko, P. H. Tam, S. Rosier-Lees, P. Espigat, S. Schwemmer, Cameron B Rulten, Andrea Santangelo, Michal Dyrda, K. Katarzyński, M. Kerschhaggl, Michael Punch, Felix Aharonian, Guillaume Dubus, Jacek Niemiec, B. C. Raubenheimer, B. Giebels, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, F. Brun, O. Tibolla, A. Shalchi, D. Gerbig, M. Panter, J. L. Skilton, O. C. de Jager, S. Schwarzburg, D. Nedbal, M. Vivier, Karl Kosack, Christian Farnier, C. Stegmann, I. Jung, Stefan Wagner, Gisela Anton, Dieter Horns, Pierre Brun, Łukasz Stawarz, B. Rudak, Kathrin Egberts, G. Lamanna, B. Degrange, A. Cheesebrough, J. Dyks, Heinrich J. Völk, P. Vincent, I. D. Davids, Frank M. Rieger, D. Göring, David Maurin, S. Pita, V. Borrel, M. Tluczykont, Y. A. Gallant, Stefan Ohm, G. Coignet, J-F. Olive, Martin Ward, B. Behera, L. Rob, V. Sahakian, G. Vasileiadis, Rolf Bühler, Andreas Quirrenbach, J.-P. Tavernet, A. Hoffmann, J. F. Glicenstein, R. Kossakowski, F. M. Schöck, M. Paz Arribas, G. Heinzelmann, J. Bolmont, Ullrich Schwanke, M. Dalton, A. G. Akhperjanian, R. Steenkamp, G. Pedaletti, J.-P. Lenain, P. M. Chadwick, Francesca Volpe, B. Nicholas, Anna Szostek, F. Dubois, Konrad Bernlöhr, G. Superina, G. Pühlhofer, A. Fiasson, Timothé Boutelier, Emmanuel Moulin, Reinhard Schlickeiser, Hugh Dickinson, V. Marandon, Christo Venter, C. Jahn, U. F. Katz, A. Zech, A. Djannati-Ataï, M. Hauser, C. van Eldik, M. Holleran, M. Renaud, D. Hauser, D. Klochkov, Catherine Boisson, Rafal Moderski, Dimitrios Emmanoulopoulos, H. Sol, R. C. G. Chaves, S. M. Rayner, J. P. Vialle, P. Goret, Guy Pelletier, A. Förster, Martin Raue, S. Hoppe, A. Charbonnier, S. Heinz, L. O'c. Drury, M. Füßling, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, Sarah Kaufmann, L. Gérard, B. Glück, Nu. Komin, T. Bulik, Christoph Deil, T. Kneiske, I. Büsching, P.-O. Petrucci, L.-M. Chounet, Yvonne Becherini, D. Nekrassov, W. Kluźniak, A. Jacholkowska, G. Fontaine, S. J. Nolan, Jim Hinton, Dmitry Khangulyan, Thomas Lohse, Michał Ostrowski, K. J. Orford, J. Ripken, D. Keogh, Werner Hofmann, U. Barres de Almeida, F. Feinstein, Julien Masbou, Stefano Gabici, M. de Naurois, Alexandre Marcowith, O. Martineau-Huynh, B. Khélifi, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, J. Ruppel, J. Brucker, D. Spangler, M. Naumann-Godo, F. Stinzing, A. Bochow, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESS, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, and Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], observational [methods], Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, neutron [stars], Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Binary star, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astroparticle physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], binaries: general [stars], Gamma ray, observations [gamma rays], Astronomy, telescopes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Light curve, Neutron star, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science
Abstract

Aims. This article presents very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) data from the $\gamma$-ray binary PSR B1259-63 as taken during the years 2005, 2006 and before as well as shortly after the 2007 periastron passage. These data extend the knowledge of the lightcurve of this object to all phases of the 3.4 year binary orbit. The lightcurve constrains physical mechanisms present in this TeV source. Methods. Observations of VHE $\gamma$-rays with the HESS telescope array using the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Technique were performed. The HESS instrument features an angular resolution of < 0.1° and an energy resolution of < 20%. Gamma-ray events in an energy range of 0.5-70 TeV were recorded. From these data, energy spectra and lightcurve with a monthly time sampling were extracted. Results. VHE $\gamma$-ray emission from PSR B1259-63 was detected with an overall significance of 9.5 standard deviations using 55h of exposure, obtained from April to August 2007. The monthly flux of $\gamma$-rays during the observation period was measured, yielding VHE lightcurve data for the early pre-periastron phase of the system for the first time. No spectral variability was found on timescales of months. The spectrum is described by a power law with a photon index of $\Gamma$ = 2.8 $\pm$ 0.2stat $\pm$ 0.2sys and flux normalisation $\Phi_{0}$ = (1.1 $\pm$ 0.1stat $\pm$ 0.2sys) $\times$ 10-12 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1. PSR B1259-63 was also monitored in 2005 and 2006, far from periastron passage, comprising 8.9 h and 7.5 h of exposure, respectively. No significant excess of $\gamma$-rays is seen in those observations. Conclusions. PSR B1259-63 has been re-confirmed as a variable TeV $\gamma$-ray emitter. The firm detection of VHE photons emitted at a true anomaly $\theta$$\approx$-0.35 of the pulsar orbit, i.e. already ~50 days prior to the periastron passage, disfavors the stellar disc target scenario as a primary emission mechanism, based on current knowledge about the companion star's disc inclination, extension, and density profile. Results. VHE $\gamma$-ray emission from PSR B1259-63 was detected with an overall significance of 9.5 standard deviations using 55h of exposure, obtained from April to August 2007. The monthly flux of $\gamma$-rays during the observation period was measured, yielding VHE lightcurve data for the early pre-periastron phase of the system for the first time. No spectral variability was found on timescales of months. The spectrum is described by a power law with a photon index of $\Gamma$ = 2.8 $\pm$ 0.2stat $\pm$ 0.2sys and flux normalisation $\Phi_{0}$ = (1.1 $\pm$ 0.1stat $\pm$ 0.2sys) $\times$ 10-12 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1. PSR B1259-63 was also monitored in 2005 and 2006, far from periastron passage, comprising 8.9 h and 7.5 h of exposure, respectively. No significant excess of $\gamma$-rays is seen in those observations. Conclusions. PSR B1259-63 has been re-confirmed as a variable TeV $\gamma$-ray emitter. The firm detection of VHE photons emitted at a true anomaly $\theta$$\approx$-0.35 of the pulsar orbit, i.e. already ~50 days prior to the periastron passage, disfavors the stellar disc target scenario as a primary emission mechanism, based on current knowledge about the companion star's disc inclination, extension, and density profile.

Published
2009

40. First-principles investigation on initial stage of 2H-SiC(001) surface oxidation

Author

Alain Guette, Qingfeng Zeng, Litong Zhang, Junjie Wang, and Vignoles L. Gérard

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Multidisciplinary, Adsorption, chemistry, Siloxane, Diffusion, Kinetics, Binding energy, Potential energy surface, Nucleation, Physical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Oxygen
Abstract

We present comprehensive first-principles calculations on the initial stages of SiC oxidation by atomic oxygen on the 2H-SiC(001) surface. In order to study the kinetics of oxygen incorporation at the 2H-SiC(001) surface, we investigated adsorption and diffusion of oxygen atoms and SiO2 nucleation. The adsorption sites, corresponding to the local minima of the potential energy surface (PES) for isolated adatoms, were identified through a comparative study of the adatom binding energy at different locations. We found that the Bridge (siloxane) site is preferred over other adsorption sites. There is no energy barrier at 0K for oxygen insertion into this site. The diffusion energy barriers that the adatom has to overcome when jumping between two adsorption sites were calculated. The premises of silica nucleation were investigated by calculating the modifications of the oxygen atom binding energy due to the interaction with neighboring adatoms.

Published
2009

41. Simultaneous HESS and Chandra observations of Sagitarius A$^{\star}$ during an X-ray flare

Author

F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, U. Barres de Almeida, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, Y. Becherini, B. Behera, W. Benbow, K. Bernlöhr, C. Boisson, A. Bochow, V. Borrel, I. Braun, E. Brion, J. Brucker, P. Brun, R. Bühler, T. Bulik, I. Büsching, T. Boutelier, S. Carrigan, P. M. Chadwick, A. Charbonnier, R. C. G. Chaves, A. Cheesebrough, L.-M. Chounet, A. C. Clapson, G. Coignet, M. Dalton, B. Degrange, C. Deil, H. J. Dickinson, A. Djannati-Ataï, W. Domainko, L. O'C. Drury, F. Dubois, G. Dubus, J. Dyks, M. Dyrda, K. Egberts, D. Emmanoulopoulos, P. Espigat, C. Farnier, F. Feinstein, A. Fiasson, A. Förster, G. Fontaine, M. Füßling, S. Gabici, Y. A. Gallant, L. Gérard, B. Giebels, J. F. Glicenstein, B. Glück, P. Goret, C. Hadjichristidis, D. Hauser, M. Hauser, S. Heinz, G. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, J. A. Hinton, A. Hoffmann, W. Hofmann, M. Holleran, S. Hoppe, D. Horns, A. Jacholkowska, O. C. de Jager, I. Jung, K. Katarzyński, S. Kaufmann, E. Kendziorra, M. Kerschhaggl, D. Khangulyan, B. Khélifi, D. Keogh, Nu. Komin, K. Kosack, G. Lamanna, J.-P. Lenain, T. Lohse, V. Marandon, J. M. Martin, O. Martineau-Huynh, A. Marcowith, D. Maurin, T. J. L. McComb, M. C. Medina, R. Moderski, E. Moulin, M. Naumann-Godo, M. de Naurois, D. Nedbal, D. Nekrassov, J. Niemiec, S. J. Nolan, S. Ohm, J.-F. Olive, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, K. J. Orford, J. L. Osborne, M. Ostrowski, M. Panter, G. Pedaletti, G. Pelletier, P.-O. Petrucci, S. Pita, G. Pühlhofer, M. Punch, A. Quirrenbach, B. C. Raubenheimer, M. Raue, S. M. Rayner, M. Renaud, F. Rieger, J. Ripken, L. Rob, S. Rosier-Lees, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, C. B. Rulten, J. Ruppel, V. Sahakian, A. Santangelo, R. Schlickeiser, F. M. Schöck, R. Schröder, U. Schwanke, S. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, A. Shalchi, J. L. Skilton, H. Sol, D. Spangler, Ł. Stawarz, R. Steenkamp, C. Stegmann, G. Superina, P. H. Tam, J.-P. Tavernet, R. Terrier, O. Tibolla, C. van Eldik, G. Vasileiadis, C. Venter, J. P. Vialle, P. Vincent, M. Vivier, H. J. Völk, F. Volpe, S. J. Wagner, M. Ward, A. A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESS, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), 10859748 - Holleran, Mathew, 12006653 - Venter, Christo, 10179240 - Raubenheimer, Barend Christoffel, 13235176 - Büsching, Ingo, 10065857 - De Jager, Ocker Cornelis, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Event horizon, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, gamma-rays:observations, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Coincident, law, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, individuals: Sgr A* [X-rays], Supermassive black hole, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), observations [gamma rays], Astronomy and Astrophysics, X-rays:individual sources:Sgr A, Particle acceleration, Sagittarius A, Space and Planetary Science, individuals: Sgr $A^{\star }$ [X-rays], Flare
Abstract

The rapidly varying (~10 minute timescale) non-thermal X-ray emission observed from Sgr A* implies that particle acceleration is occuring close to the event horizon of the supermassive black hole. The TeV gamma-ray source HESS J1745-290 is coincident with Sgr A* and may be closely related to its X-ray emission. Simultaneous X-ray and TeV observations are required to elucidate the relationship between these objects. We report on joint H.E.S.S./Chandra observations performed in July 2005, during which an X-ray flare was detected. Despite a factor of 9 increase in the X-ray flux of Sgr A*, no evidence is found for an increase in the TeV gamma-ray flux from this region. We find that an increase in the gamma-ray flux of a factor of 2 or greater can be excluded at a confidence level of 99%. This finding disfavours scenarios in which the keV and TeV emission are associated with the same population of accelerated particles and in which the bulk of the gamma-ray emission is produced within ~10^{14} cm (~100 R_S) of the supermassive black hole., 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2008

42. Incidentally discovered optic nerve head drusen

Author

MA Houbart, L. Gérard, M. Gudelj, and L. Tshibanda

Subjects
lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, Adult, medicine.diagnostic_test, genetic structures, business.industry, Optic Disk Drusen, lcsh:R895-920, Computed tomography, Anatomy, Drusen, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Head (geology), X ray computed, medicine, Optic nerve, Humans, Female, sense organs, Headaches, medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

A 34-year-old white woman presented for holocephalic headaches following a blow to the head. She did not mention any vision disturbance. Computed tomography was performed and displayed bilateral calcific deposits in the disk optic areas consistent with optic nerve head drusen.

Published
2015

44. The most powerful flaring activity from the NLSy1 PMN J0948+0022

Author

V. Bugaev, D. Staszak, J. P. Finley, Daniel Nieto, K. Ragan, T. B. Humensky, Josefin Larsson, Reshmi Mukherjee, K. Meagher, Talvikki Hovatta, G. H. Sembroski, L. Ciupik, P. Fortin, Abraham D. Falcone, J. V. Tucci, Gernot Maier, B. Zitzer, Ralph Bird, J. Tyler, Wystan Benbow, J. Grube, Manel Errando, S. Kumar, R. A. Ong, C. M. Raiteri, S. P. Wakely, S. T. Griffiths, Filippo D'Ammando, J. D. Eisch, K. Berger, Julien Rousselle, Hugh Dickinson, A. Weinstein, M. J. Lang, P. Kar, David A. Williams, John L. Quinn, N. Håkansson, Henrike Fleischhack, A. Varlotta, A. N. Otte, A. O'Faolain de Bhroithe, A. W. Smith, A. McCann, A. Popkow, Geza Gyuk, I. Telezhinsky, G. H. Gillanders, Gordon T. Richards, E. Roache, Jamie Holder, F. Krennrich, Marcos Santander, Matteo Cerruti, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Anthony C. S. Readhead, H. Prokoph, J. S. Perkins, David Kieda, J. V. Cardenzana, M. Pohl, Amy Furniss, L. Gérard, P. Moriarty, Matthias Beilicke, Lucy Fortson, M. Kertzman, J. L. Richards, Xuhui Chen, Y. Khassen, Vladimir Vassiliev, M. Orienti, E. Pueschel, P. T. Reynolds, Justin D. Finke, R. Welsing, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, D'Ammando, F., Orienti, M., Finke, J., Raiteri, C. M., Hovatta, T., Larsson, J., Max-Moerbeck, W., Perkins, J., Readhead, A. C. S., Richards, J. L., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Dickinson, H. J., Eisch, J. D., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gerard, L., Gillanders, G. H., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Håkansson, N., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mccann, A., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., de Bhróithe, A. O'Faoláin, Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Prokoph, H., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rousselle, J., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Welsing, R., Williams, D. A., and Zitzer, B.

Subjects
extragalactic background light, multiwavelength observations, Active galactic nucleus, spectrum radio quasars, individual: PMN J0948+0022 [galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, nuclei [galaxies], FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: active, galaxies: individual: PMN J0948+0022, galaxies: nuclei, galaxies: Seyfert, gamma-rays: general, Owens Valley Radio Observatory, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, galaxies: active-galaxies: individual: pmn j0948+0022, line seyfert 1, Luminosity, law.invention, Telescope, law, Seyfert [galaxies], quasar pks 1510-089, relativistic jets, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, galactic nuclei, ta115, ta213, galaxies: individual: PMN J0948+0022, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gamma-rays: general, gamma-ray emission, galaxies: Seyfert, large-area telescope, x-ray, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, active [galaxies], ddc:520, Spectral energy distribution, galaxies: nuclei, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Radio astronomy, Flare, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, general [gamma-rays]
Abstract

Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 446(3), 2456 - 2467 (2015). doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2251, We report on multifrequency observations performed during 2012 December–2013 August of the first narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy detected in $\gamma$-rays, PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846). A γ-ray flare was observed by the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi during 2012 December–2013 January, reaching a daily peak flux in the 0.1–100 GeV energy range of (155 $\pm$ 31) × $10^{−8}$ ph $cm^{−2} s^{−1}$ on 2013 January 1, corresponding to an apparent isotropic luminosity of $\sim$ 1.5 × $10^{48}$ erg $s^{−1}$. The $\gamma$-ray flaring period triggered Swift and Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) observations in addition to radio and optical monitoring by Owens Valley Radio Observatory, Monitoring Of Jets in Active galactic nuclei with VLBA Experiments, and Catalina Real-time Transient Survey. A strong flare was observed in optical, UV, and X-rays on 2012 December 30, quasi-simultaneously to the $\gamma$-ray flare, reaching a record flux for this source from optical to $\gamma$-rays. VERITAS observations at very high energy (E > 100 GeV) during 2013 January 6–17 resulted in an upper limit of $F_{>0.2 TeV}$ < 4.0 × $10^{−12} ph cm^{−2} s^{−1}$. We compared the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the flaring state in 2013 January with that of an intermediate state observed in 2011. The two SEDs, modelled as synchrotron emission and an external Compton scattering of seed photons from a dust torus, can be modelled by changing both the electron distribution parameters and the magnetic field., Published by Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford

Published
2015

45. Troubles non spécifiques du langage chez l'enfant

Author

C.-L. Gérard

Subjects
Nosology, Psychiatry and Mental health, Communication disorder, Specific language disorder, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Dyslexia, Language disorder, Specific language impairment, medicine.disease, Psychology, Humanities
Abstract

Resume Les troubles non specifiques du langage ne touchent pas intrinsequement la capacite reconnue comme innee a manipuler les codes linguistiques. Ils ont cependant une importance pour le psychiatre soucieux d'envisager l'ensemble des troubles pouvant mettre en cause l'adaptation de l'individu en developpement. La description de ces troubles, qui touchent le langage oral mais aussi le langage ecrit, peut amener a discuter la perspective nosographique utilisee actuellement dans les systemes de classification internationaux.

Published
2006

46. Douleurs neuropathiques après traitement des varices. Prévention

Author

J.-L. Gérard

Subjects
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

L’incompetence de la grande veine saphene (GVS) est la cause la plus frequente des varices et celle de la petite veine saphene (PVS) est identifiee chez 20 % des patients souffrant de varices. Le « gold standard » pour le traitement des veines saphenes a longtemps ete la chirurgie dite conventionnelle, comprenant « crossectomie » et stripping. Pour la GVS, le stripping pouvait etre court, avec incision inferieure en region gonale, ou long, avec incision inferieure a la malleole interne de cheville. Actuellement, c’est l’ablation thermique (AT), par laser ou radiofrequence, qui est devenue le traitement de premier choix des veines saphenes dans les recommandations internationales. L’echosclerotherapie a la mousse represente une alternative interessante a l’AT. Apres AT et chirurgie, des complications neurologiques, essentiellement sensitives, peuvent survenir, a type de douleurs neuropathiques, avec sensations de decharges electriques, dysesthesies, paresthesies, ou hypoesthesies. Elles surviennent parfois de facon un peu differee par rapport au traitement et regressent le plus souvent en quelques semaines a quelques mois pour disparaitre totalement. Elles peuvent cependant parfois laisser des symptomes definitifs. Elles sont directement liees a la proximite des nerfs et de leur lesion eventuelle lors du traitement. Pour des raisons anatomiques, la PVS est plus exposee que la GVS, sauf en cas de stripping long de cette derniere. Des complications motrices (« steppage ») sont rares mais possibles apres chirurgie de la PVS (lesion du nerf sciatique) alors qu’elles ne sont que sensitives apres traitement thermique. Peu d’etudes nous renseignent sur le taux de paresthesies apres chirurgie de la PVS. Il est estime a 28 % dans certaines etudes. Lors du traitement de la PVS par ablation laser il y a 15 etudes specifiques qui retrouvent un taux de paresthesies entre 1,6 % et 11 % pour une moyenne de 4 %. La prevention des douleurs neuropathiques passe par des regles de securite, en particulier pour la PVS : – echo-Doppler pre-therapeutique dans tous les cas, incluant une evaluation des relations de proximite PVS-nerfs. Celles-ci peuvent en effet etre particulierement etroites dans la fosse poplitee (nerf tibial mais surtout fibulaire commun) et dans le tiers inferieur de jambe (nerf sural) ; – reperage echographique et marquage des nerfs en debut de procedure ; – anesthesie strictement locale, par tumescence, pour la chirurgie comme pour l’AT ; – le patient doit en effet pouvoir signaler une douleur en cas d’atteinte ou d’echauffement de structures nerveuses durant la procedure ; – pas d’application thermique ou d’exerese de la PVS dans le tiers inferieur de jambe ; – dispositif avec segment chauffant court pour l’AT de la PVS ; – pas d’abord invasif de la fosse poplitee pour la chirurgie (donc, sauf cas exceptionnel, pas de crossectomie) ; realisation d’un eveinage peu traumatique. Conclusion L’incidence des douleurs neuropathiques apres traitement des varices a diminue depuis le developpement des techniques endoveineuses thermiques et chimiques et de pratiques chirurgicales moins agressives. Elles n’ont toutefois pas disparu mais leur taux de survenue pourrait etre aisement diminue, par un respect plus strict et generalise de certaines regles de securite.

Published
2016

47. Hodgkin's Lymphoma as a Cause of Fever of Unknown Origin in HIV Infection

Author

E. Oksenhendler and L. Gérard

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Pancytopenia, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, HIV Infections, Fever of Unknown Origin, Fatal Outcome, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Fever of unknown origin, education, Chemotherapy, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin Disease, Lymphoma, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Bone marrow, business
Abstract

The risk of Hodgkin's lymphoma is increased in HIV-infected patients. In these patients Hodgkin's lymphoma is an aggressive disease with poor clinical outcome. Complete remission and survival rates are far below that reported in HIV-uninfected population. Since the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, malignancies are the major cause of mortality in HIV-infected patients. We report a case of a 29-year-old HIV-positive male who presented with fever of unknown origin, pancytopenia, and hemophagocytic syndrome. The diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma with bone marrow involvement was made on bone marrow biopsy, 5 months after the onset of fever. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and achieved a complete remission. Relapse occurred 28 months later and he died 31 months after initial diagnosis. Prolonged fever is frequently observed in HIV-infected patients and could represent a diagnostic challenge. Infectious diseases are the most common causes, however lymphomas are the third most common cause of fever of unknown origin in HIV disease. This case illustrates the difficulties in accurately diagnosing Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients presenting with prolonged, unexplained fever, and emphasizes the use of bone marrow biopsy to confirm Hodgkin's lymphoma, particularly if cytopenia and hemophagocytic syndrome are present.

Published
2003

48. La conduite des explorations radiologiques abdominales chez un malade de réanimationRadiologic evaluation of acute abdomen in intensive care patients

Author

G. Schmutz, V. Le Pennec, J.-L Gérard, L Fournier, and B. Perdriel

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Intensive care, Emergency Medicine, medicine, Emergency Nursing, Ultrasonography, business
Abstract

Resume L’etude clinique, fondee sur des signes, des symptomes et des donnees de laboratoires est souvent prise en defaut dans le diagnostic et la prise en charge des malades de reanimation presentant un abdomen aigu. De ce fait les methodes d’imagerie jouent un role primordial pour le diagnostic et la strategie therapeutique. En dehors de la recherche d’un pneumoperitoine ou d’une occlusion intestinale, l’abdomen sans preparation a largement ete remplace par l’echographie et le scanner. C’est le scanner qui a le plus transforme le diagnostic et la prise en charge des malades de reanimation avec une complication abdominale aigue.

Published
2003

49. Spectroscopy of high-energy BL Lacertae objects with X-shooter on the VLT

Author

P. Goldoni, Helene Sol, L. Gérard, Michael Punch, Santiago Pita, J.-P. Lenain, Catherine Boisson, Francois Hammer, Lex Kaper, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron [Hamburg] (DESY), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, Emission spectrum, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Very Large Telescope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, BL Lacertae objects: general, Redshift, Galaxy, Extragalactic background light, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, galaxies: distances and redshifts, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The study of BL Lac objects (BLL) detected in gamma-rays gives insights on the acceleration mechanisms in play in such systems and is also a valuable tool to constrain the density of the extragalactic background light. As their spectra are dominated by the non-thermal emission of the jet and the spectral features are weak and narrow in the optical domain, measuring their redshift is challenging. However such a measure is fundamental as it allows a firm determination of the distance and luminosity of the source, and therefore a consistent model of its emission. Aims. Measurement of the redshift of BLL detected in gamma-rays and determination of global properties of their host galaxies. Methods. We observed a sample of eight BLL (KUV 00311-1938, PKS 0447-439, PKS 0301-243, BZB J0238-3116, BZB J0543-5532, BZB J0505+0415, BZB J0816-1311 and RBS 334) with the X-shooter spectrograph installed at the ESO Very Large Telescope in order to take advantage of its unprecedented wavelength coverage and of its resolution about 5 times higher than generally used in such studies. We extracted UVB to NIR spectra that we then corrected for telluric absorption and calibrated in flux. We systematically searched for spectral features. When possible, we determined the contribution of the host galaxy to the overall emission. Results. Of the eight BLL, we measured the redshift of five of them and determined lower limits for two through the detection of intervening systems. All seven of these objects have redshifts greater than 0.2. In two cases, we refuted redshift values reported in other publications. Through careful modelling, we determined the magnitude of the host galaxies. In two cases, the detection of emission lines allowed to provide hints on the overall properties of the gas in the host galaxies., 19 pages, 10 figures, 7 tables, in press on A&A

Published
2014

50. Traitement de 2 cas de kérions par griséofulvine et corticoïdes oraux

Author

L. Emmanuelle, L. Hubert, L. Gérard, C. Jacques, L. Fabienne, and M. Annabel

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, biology, business.industry, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Griseofulvin, biology.organism_classification, Dermatology, Surgery, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Scalp, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Dermatophyte, Trichophyton, Tinea capitis, business, Abscess, Mycosis, Kerion
Abstract

We report on 2 cases of kerions in children: one of them was located on the pubis, an exceptional location; the second one was located on the scalp and presented like multiple abscess of the scalp, for which surgical drainage was performed. In both cases, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was involved. This dermatophyte is zoophilic, contrary to the dermatophytes usually involved in tinea capitis, which could explain the poor adaptation of the dermatophyte to the human host, who would therefore react by generating a severe inflammatory reaction. Antifungal drugs are recommended for the treatment of kerions, especially griseofuline for 6 to 8 weeks. The value of oral steroids and surgery continues to be debated.

Published
2009

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