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1. Robust induction of functional astrocytes using NGN2 expression in human pluripotent stem cells

Author

Martin H. Berryer, Matthew Tegtmeyer, Loïc Binan, Vera Valakh, Anna Nathanson, Darina Trendafilova, Ethan Crouse, Jenny A. Klein, Daniel Meyer, Olli Pietiläinen, Francesca Rapino, Samouil L. Farhi, Lee L. Rubin, Steven A. McCarroll, Ralda Nehme, and Lindy E. Barrett

Subjects
Neuroscience, Transcriptomics, Methodology in biological sciences, Science
Abstract

Summary: Emerging evidence of species divergent features of astrocytes coupled with the relative inaccessibility of human brain tissue underscore the utility of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technologies for the generation and study of human astrocytes. However, existing approaches for hPSC-astrocyte generation are typically lengthy or require intermediate purification steps. Here, we establish a rapid and highly scalable method for generating functional human induced astrocytes (hiAs). These hiAs express canonical astrocyte markers, respond to pro-inflammatory stimuli, exhibit ATP-induced calcium transients and support neuronal network development. Moreover, single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal the generation of highly reproducible cell populations across individual donors, mostly resembling human fetal astrocytes. Finally, hiAs generated from a trisomy 21 disease model identify expected alterations in cell-cell adhesion and synaptic signaling, supporting their utility for disease modeling applications. Thus, hiAs provide a valuable and practical resource for the study of basic human astrocyte function and dysfunction in disease.

Published
2023
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3. Astrocytic cell adhesion genes linked to schizophrenia correlate with synaptic programs in neurons

Author

Olli Pietiläinen, Aditi Trehan, Daniel Meyer, Jana Mitchell, Matthew Tegtmeyer, Vera Valakh, Hilena Gebre, Theresa Chen, Emilia Vartiainen, Samouil L. Farhi, Kevin Eggan, Steven A. McCarroll, and Ralda Nehme

Subjects
CP: Neuroscience, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Summary: The maturation of neurons and the development of synapses, although emblematic of neurons, also relies on interactions with astrocytes and other glia. Here, to study the role of glia-neuron interactions, we analyze the transcriptomes of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neurons, from 80 human donors, that were cultured with or without contact with glial cells. We find that the presence of astrocytes enhances synaptic gene-expression programs in neurons when in physical contact with astrocytes. These changes in neurons correlate with increased expression, in the cocultured glia, of genes that encode synaptic cell adhesion molecules. Both the neuronal and astrocyte gene-expression programs are enriched for genes associated with schizophrenia risk. Our results suggest that astrocyte-expressed genes with synaptic functions are associated with stronger expression of synaptic genetic programs in neurons, and they suggest a potential role for astrocyte-neuron interactions in schizophrenia.

Published
2023
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6. Optimization-Based Decoding of Imaging Spatial Transcriptomics Data

Author

John P. Bryan, Loïc Binan, Cai McCann, Yonina C. Eldar, Samouil L. Farhi, and Brian Cleary

Abstract

MotivationImaging Spatial Transcriptomics (iST) techniques characterize gene expression in cells in their native context by imaging barcoded probes for mRNA with single molecule resolution. However, the need to acquire many rounds of high-magnification imaging data limits the throughput and impact of existing methods.ResultsWe describe the Joint Sparse method for Imaging Transcriptomics (JSIT), an algorithm for decoding lower magnification IT data than that used in standard experimental workflows. JSIT incorporates codebook knowledge and sparsity assumptions into an optimization problem which is less reliant on well separated optical signals than current pipelines. Using experimental data obtained by performing Multiplexed Error-Robust Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (MERFISH) on tissue from mouse motor cortex, we demonstrate that JSIT enables improved throughput and recovery performance over standard decoding methods.Contactyonina.eldar@weizmann.ac.il,sfarhi@broadinstitute.org,bcleary@bu.eduAvailability and ImplementationSoftware implementation of JSIT, together with example files, are available athttps://github.com/jpbryan13/JSIT.Supplementary InformationSupplementary data are available atBioinformaticsonline.

Published
2022

7. Robust induction of functional astrocytes using NGN2 expression in human pluripotent stem cells

Author

Martin H. Berryer, Matthew Tegtmeyer, Loïc Binan, Vera Valakh, Anna Nathanson, Darina Trendafilova, Ethan Crouse, Jenny A. Klein, Daniel Meyer, Olli Pietiläinen, Francesca Rapino, Samouil L. Farhi, Lee L. Rubin, Steven A. McCarroll, Ralda Nehme, and Lindy E. Barrett

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

Astrocytes play essential roles in normal brain function, with dysfunction implicated in diverse developmental and degenerative disease processes. Emerging evidence of profound species divergent features of astrocytes coupled with the relative inaccessibility of human brain tissue underscore the utility of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technologies for the generation and study of human astrocytes. However, existing approaches for hPSC-astrocyte generation are typically lengthy, incompletely characterized, or require intermediate purification steps, limiting their utility for multi-cell line, adequately powered functional studies. Here, we establish a rapid and highly scalable method for generating functional human induced astrocytes (hiAs) based upon transient Neurogenin 2 (NGN2) induction of neural progenitor-like cells followed by maturation in astrocyte media, which demonstrate remarkable homogeneity within the population and across 11 independent cell lines in the absence of additional purification steps. These hiAs express canonical astrocyte markers, respond to pro-inflammatory stimuli, exhibit ATP-induced calcium transients and support neuronal maturation in vitro. Moreover, single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal the generation of highly reproducible cell populations across individual donors, most closely resembling human fetal astrocytes, and highly similar to hPSC-derived astrocytes generated using more complex approaches. Finally, the hiAs capture key molecular hallmarks in a trisomy 21 disease model. Thus, hiAs provide a valuable and practical resource well-suited for study of basic human astrocyte function and dysfunction in disease.

Published
2022

8. Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptome profiling of pancreatic cancer identifies multicellular dynamics associated with neoadjuvant treatment

Author

William L. Hwang, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Jimmy A. Guo, Hannah I. Hoffman, Payman Yadollahpour, Jason W. Reeves, Rahul Mohan, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Orr Ashenberg, Samouil L. Farhi, Denis Schapiro, Prajan Divakar, Eric Miller, Daniel R. Zollinger, George Eng, Jason M. Schenkel, Jennifer Su, Carina Shiau, Patrick Yu, William A. Freed-Pastor, Domenic Abbondanza, Arnav Mehta, Joshua Gould, Conner Lambden, Caroline B. M. Porter, Alexander Tsankov, Danielle Dionne, Julia Waldman, Michael S. Cuoco, Lan Nguyen, Toni Delorey, Devan Phillips, Jaimie L. Barth, Marina Kem, Clifton Rodrigues, Debora Ciprani, Jorge Roldan, Piotr Zelga, Vjola Jorgji, Jonathan H. Chen, Zackery Ely, Daniel Zhao, Kit Fuhrman, Robin Fropf, Joseph M. Beechem, Jay S. Loeffler, David P. Ryan, Colin D. Weekes, Cristina R. Ferrone, Motaz Qadan, Martin J. Aryee, Rakesh K. Jain, Donna S. Neuberg, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Ramnik Xavier, Andrew J. Aguirre, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Andrew S. Liss, David T. Ting, Tyler Jacks, and Aviv Regev

Subjects
Pancreatic Neoplasms, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Prognosis, Transcriptome, Article, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal
Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and treatment-refractory cancer. Molecular stratification in pancreatic cancer remains rudimentary and does not yet inform clinical management or therapeutic development. Here, we construct a high-resolution molecular landscape of the cellular subtypes and spatial communities that compose PDAC using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and whole-transcriptome digital spatial profiling (DSP) of 43 primary PDAC tumor specimens that either received neoadjuvant therapy or were treatment naive. We uncovered recurrent expression programs across malignant cells and fibroblasts, including a newly identified neural-like progenitor malignant cell program that was enriched after chemotherapy and radiotherapy and associated with poor prognosis in independent cohorts. Integrating spatial and cellular profiles revealed three multicellular communities with distinct contributions from malignant, fibroblast and immune subtypes: classical, squamoid-basaloid and treatment enriched. Our refined molecular and cellular taxonomy can provide a framework for stratification in clinical trials and serve as a roadmap for therapeutic targeting of specific cellular phenotypes and multicellular interactions.

Published
2022

10. The 22q11.2 region regulates presynaptic gene-products linked to schizophrenia

Author

Anne M. Bara, Dane Z. Hazelbaker, Ellen J. Guss, Roy H. Perlis, Mitja I. Kurki, Steven E. Hyman, Aarno Palotie, Ralda Nehme, Aditi Trehan, Rolf Adolfsson, Mykyta Artomov, Bruce M. Cohen, Christina Lilliehook, Amanda Beccard, Emanuela Zuccaro, Mark J. Daly, Rhea Malik, Joao A. Paulo, Wade Harper, Lindy E. Barrett, Danielle Manning, Christina Bell, Jon M. Madison, Neale Bm, Donna L. McPhie, Olli Pietilainen, Derek Hawes, Kevin Eggan, Anna Neumann, Matthew Tegtmeyer, John D. Sherwood, Emily Peirent, Andrea Ganna, Vera Valakh, Eija Hämäläinen, Christina M. Hultman, Anna K. Kähler, Alexander A. Loboda, Samouil L. Farhi, Tarjinder Singh, Steven A. McCarroll, Giulio Genovese, Ricardo E. Dolmetsch, and Outi Kuismin

Subjects
Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Biology, medicine.disease, Neural stem cell, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Schizophrenia, Gene expression, medicine, CRISPR, Trans-acting, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Loss function, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

To study how the 22q11.2 deletion predisposes to psychiatric disease, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells from deletion carriers and controls, as well as utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce the heterozygous deletion into a control cell line. Upon differentiation into neural progenitor cells, we found the deletion acted in trans to alter the abundance of transcripts associated with risk for neurodevelopmental disorders including Autism Spectrum Disorder. In more differentiated excitatory neurons, altered transcripts encoded presynaptic factors and were associated with genetic risk for schizophrenia, including common (per-SNP heritability p (τc)= 4.2 x 10-6) and rare, loss of function variants (p = 1.29×10-12). These findings suggest a potential relationship between cellular states, developmental windows and susceptibility to psychiatric conditions with different ages of onset. To understand how the deletion contributed to these observed changes in gene expression, we developed and applied PPItools, which identifies the minimal protein-protein interaction network that best explains an observed set of gene expression alterations. We found that many of the genes in the 22q11.2 interval interact in presynaptic, proteasome, and JUN/FOS transcriptional pathways that underlie the broader alterations in psychiatric risk gene expression we identified. Our findings suggest that the 22q11.2 deletion impacts genes and pathways that may converge with risk loci implicated by psychiatric genetic studies to influence disease manifestation in each deletion carrier.

Published
2021

11. Astrocytic cell adhesion genes linked to schizophrenia correlate with synaptic programs in neurons

Author

Olli Pietiläinen, Aditi Trehan, Daniel Meyer, Jana Mitchell, Matthew Tegtmeyer, Vera Valakh, Hilena Gebre, Theresa Chen, Emilia Vartiainen, Samouil L. Farhi, Kevin Eggan, Steven A. McCarroll, Ralda Nehme, Neuroscience Center, and Helsinki Institute of Life Science HiLIFE

Subjects
System, Bioconductor, Genome-wide association study, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Synapse, Specializations, Roles, 03 medical and health sciences, Package, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, medicine, Family, Glial-cells, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Cell adhesion, Rna-seq, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cell adhesion molecule, medicine.disease, nervous system, Schizophrenia, Differentiation, 1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, Functional-neurons, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent genetic discoveries in schizophrenia have highlighted neuronal genes with functions in the synapse. Although emblematic of neurons, the development of synapses and neuronal maturation relies on interactions with glial cells including astrocytes. To study the role of glia-neuron interactions in schizophrenia, we generated RNA sequence data from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) derived neurons that were cocultured with glial cells. We found that expression of genes characteristic of astrocytes induced the expression of post-synaptic genetic programs in neurons, consistent with advanced neuronal maturation. We further found that the astrocyte-induced genes in neurons were associated with risk for schizophrenia. To understand how glial cells promoted neuronal maturation, we studied the association of transcript abundances in glial cells to gene expression in neurons. We found that expression of synaptic cell adhesion molecules in glial cells corresponded to induced synaptic transcripts in neurons and were associated with genetic risk for schizophrenia. These included 11 genes in significant GWAS loci and three with direct genetic evidence for the disorder (MAGI2, NRXN1, LRRC4B, and MSI2). Our results suggest that astrocyte-expressed genes with functions in the synapse are associated with schizophrenia and promote synaptic genetic programs in neurons, and further highlight the potential role for astrocyte-neuron interactions in schizophrenia.

Published
2021

12. Wide-Area All-Optical Neurophysiology in Acute Brain Slices

Author

Shan Lou, Masahito Yamagata, Robert E. Campbell, Yoav Adam, Vicente Parot, David D. Cox, Adam E. Cohen, Ahmed S. Abdelfattah, Jeong Jun Kim, Abhinav Grama, and Samouil L. Farhi

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Computer science, Action Potentials, Channelrhodopsin, Brain tissue, Striatum, AMPA receptor, Optogenetics, Neurotransmission, Hippocampus, Synaptic Transmission, All optical, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Calcium imaging, Slice preparation, Hadamard transform, Animals, Humans, Research Articles, Neurons, Functional connectivity, General Neuroscience, Optical Imaging, Neurophysiology, Cortex (botany), Rats, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Wide area, NMDA receptor, Anticonvulsants, Nerve Net, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Optical tools for simultaneous perturbation and measurement of neural activity open the possibility of mapping neural function over wide areas of brain tissue. However, spectral overlap of actuators and reporters presents a challenge for their simultaneous use, and optical scattering and out-of-focus fluorescence in tissue degrade resolution. To minimize optical crosstalk, we combined an optimized variant (eTsChR) of the most blue-shifted channelrhodopsin reported to-date with a nuclear-localized red-shifted Ca(2+) indicator, H2B-jRGECO1a. To perform wide-area optically sectioned imaging in tissue, we designed a structured illumination technique that uses Hadamard matrices to encode spatial information. By combining these molecular and optical approaches we made wide-area functional maps in acute brain slices from mice of both sexes. The maps spanned cortex and striatum and probed the effects of antiepileptic drugs on neural excitability and the effects of AMPA and NMDA receptor blockers on functional connectivity. Together, these tools provide a powerful capability for wide-area mapping of neuronal excitability and functional connectivity in acute brain slices. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A new technique for simultaneous optogenetic stimulation and calcium imaging across wide areas of brain slice enables high-throughput mapping of neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission.

Published
2019

13. MCMICRO: A scalable, modular image-processing pipeline for multiplexed tissue imaging

Author

Samouil L. Farhi, Robert J. Coffey, Eliot T. McKinley, Sandro Santagata, Artem Sokolov, Clarence Yapp, Jia-Ren Lin, Yu-An Chen, Juha Ruokonen, Connor A. Jacobson, Denis Schapiro, Maulik K. Nariya, Aviv Regev, Courtney Betts, Lisa M. Coussens, Domenic Abbondanza, Jeremy L. Muhlich, Gregory J. Baker, Joshua Hess, Peter K. Sorger, and Zoltan Maliga

Subjects
Software, Computer science, business.industry, Tissue imaging, Scalability, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Image processing, Modular design, business, Pipeline (software), Multiplexing, Computer hardware, Molecular analysis
Abstract

Highly multiplexed tissue imaging makes molecular analysis of single cells possible in a preserved spatial context. However, reproducible analysis of the underlying data poses a substantial computational challenge. Here we describe a modular and open-source computational pipeline (MCMICRO) for performing the sequential steps needed to transform large, multi-channel whole slide images into single-cell data. We demonstrate use of MCMICRO on images of different tissues and tumors acquired using multiple imaging platforms, thereby providing a solid foundation for the continued development of tissue imaging software.

Published
2021

14. MCMICRO: a scalable, modular image-processing pipeline for multiplexed tissue imaging

Author

Artem Sokolov, Jeremy Goecks, Courtney Betts, Yu-An Chen, Clarence Yapp, Domenic Abbondanza, Ajit J. Nirmal, Samouil L. Farhi, Robert J. Coffey, Lisa M. Coussens, Aviv Regev, Connor A. Jacobson, Jia-Ren Lin, Juha Ruokonen, Denis Schapiro, Shamilene Sivagnanam, Gregory J. Baker, Daniel Persson, Joshua Hess, Peter K. Sorger, Zoltan Maliga, Jeremy L. Muhlich, Eliot T. McKinley, Maulik K. Nariya, Sandro Santagata, Matthew W. Hodgman, and Allison L. Creason

Subjects
Diagnostic Imaging, Tissue imaging, Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Image processing, Biochemistry, Multiplexing, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Software, Neoplasms, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Cell Biology, Modular design, Pipeline (software), Molecular analysis, Scalability, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Computer hardware, Biotechnology
Abstract

Highly multiplexed tissue imaging makes detailed molecular analysis of single cells possible in a preserved spatial context. However, reproducible analysis of large multichannel images poses a substantial computational challenge. Here, we describe a modular and open-source computational pipeline, MCMICRO, for performing the sequential steps needed to transform whole-slide images into single-cell data. We demonstrate the use of MCMICRO on tissue and tumor images acquired using multiple imaging platforms, thereby providing a solid foundation for the continued development of tissue imaging software. MCMICRO is a modular and open-source computational pipeline for transforming highly multiplexed whole-slide images of tissues into single-cell data. MCMICRO is versatile and can be used with CODEX, mxIF, CyCIF, mIHC and H&E staining data.

Published
2021

15. A single-cell and spatial atlas of autopsy tissues reveals pathology and cellular targets of SARS-CoV-2

Author

Stephen J. Fleming, Bo Li, Mehrtash Babadi, Katherine J. Siddle, Donald E. Ingber, Alexandra-Chloé Villani, Pritha Sen, Adam Essene, Marty Ross, Kushal K. Dey, Yiming Yang, Shamsudheen K. Vellarikkal, Olga R. Brook, Isaac H. Solomon, Phylicia Dorceus, Siddharth S. Raju, Tyler Hether, Sebastian Niezen, Dan Zollinger, Alexander Sturm, Pardis C. Sabeti, Purushothama Rao Tata, Yury Popov, Timothy L. Tickle, Ioannis S. Vlachos, Carly G. K. Ziegler, Jonathan L. Hecht, Z. Gordon Jiang, Winston Hide, James R. Stone, Rajat M. Gupta, Linus T.-Y. Tsai, Sarah Warren, Jesse M. Engreitz, Jonathan H. Chen, Victoria M. Tran, Michael Leney-Greene, Daniel T. Montoro, Michelle Siciliano, Asa Segerstolpe, Graham Heimberg, Pourya Naderi, Stefan Riedel, Alkes L. Price, Lisa A. Cosimi, Tyler Harvey, Toni Delorey, Prajan Divakar, Deborah T. Hung, Malika Sud, Joshua Gould, Rachelly Normand, Shuting Zhang, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Ayshwarya Subramanian, Donna M. Fitzgerald, Steven Gazal, Devan Phillips, Cristin McCabe, Joseph M. Beechem, Nick Barkas, Erroll H. Rueckert, Dejan Juric, Hui Ma, Jason Reeves, Ellen Todres, Orr Ashenberg, Domenic Abbondanza, Alex K. Shalek, Liuliu Pan, Erica Normandin, Caroline B. M. Porter, Mari Niemi, Samouil L. Farhi, Robert S. Rogers, Deepti Pant, Gyongyi Szabo, Yered Pita-Juárez, Liat Amir-Zilberstein, Melissa Rudy, Christoph Muus, Christopher J. Pinto, Andrea Ganna, Aviv Regev, Robin Fropf, Michal Slyper, Richard M. Novak, Daniel E. McLoughlin, Jenna Pfiffner-Borges, Robert F. Padera, Eric M. Miller, Jayaraj Rajagopal, Avinash Waghray, Nir Hacohen, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Judit Jané-Valbuena, James Gomez, and Zohar Bloom-Ackermann

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell type, Stromal cell, Lung, Lung injury, Biology, medicine.disease, Epithelium, Article, 3. Good health, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immune system, Fibrosis, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused over 1 million deaths globally, mostly due to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, or direct complications resulting in multiple-organ failures. Little is known about the host tissue immune and cellular responses associated with COVID-19 infection, symptoms, and lethality. To address this, we collected tissues from 11 organs during the clinical autopsy of 17 individuals who succumbed to COVID-19, resulting in a tissue bank of approximately 420 specimens. We generated comprehensive cellular maps capturing COVID-19 biology related to patients’ demise through single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-Seq of lung, kidney, liver and heart tissues, and further contextualized our findings through spatial RNA profiling of distinct lung regions. We developed a computational framework that incorporates removal of ambient RNA and automated cell type annotation to facilitate comparison with other healthy and diseased tissue atlases. In the lung, we uncovered significantly altered transcriptional programs within the epithelial, immune, and stromal compartments and cell intrinsic changes in multiple cell types relative to lung tissue from healthy controls. We observed evidence of: alveolar type 2 (AT2) differentiation replacing depleted alveolar type 1 (AT1) lung epithelial cells, as previously seen in fibrosis; a concomitant increase in myofibroblasts reflective of defective tissue repair; and, putative TP63+ intrapulmonary basal-like progenitor (IPBLP) cells, similar to cells identified in H1N1 influenza, that may serve as an emergency cellular reserve for severely damaged alveoli. Together, these findings suggest the activation and failure of multiple avenues for regeneration of the epithelium in these terminal lungs. SARS-CoV-2 RNA reads were enriched in lung mononuclear phagocytic cells and endothelial cells, and these cells expressed distinct host response transcriptional programs. We corroborated the compositional and transcriptional changes in lung tissue through spatial analysis of RNA profiles in situ and distinguished unique tissue host responses between regions with and without viral RNA, and in COVID-19 donor tissues relative to healthy lung. Finally, we analyzed genetic regions implicated in COVID-19 GWAS with transcriptomic data to implicate specific cell types and genes associated with disease severity. Overall, our COVID-19 cell atlas is a foundational dataset to better understand the biological impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection across the human body and empowers the identification of new therapeutic interventions and prevention strategies.

Published
2021

16. Pyramidal neuron subtype diversity governs microglia states in the neocortex

Author

Jeffrey A, Stogsdill, Kwanho, Kim, Loïc, Binan, Samouil L, Farhi, Joshua Z, Levin, and Paola, Arlotta

Subjects
Mice, Pyramidal Cells, Animals, Cell Count, Neocortex, Microglia, Somatosensory Cortex, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcriptome
Abstract

Microglia are specialized macrophages in the brain parenchyma that exist in multiple transcriptional states and reside within a wide range of neuronal environments

Published
2020

17. Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of archival pancreatic cancer reveals multi-compartment reprogramming after neoadjuvant treatment

Author

Cristina R. Ferrone, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Arnav Mehta, Conner Lambden, Alexander M. Tsankov, Joseph M. Beechem, Devan Phillips, Joshua Gould, David T. Ting, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, David P. Ryan, Orr Ashenberg, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Caroline B. M. Porter, Lan Nguyen, Jason M. Schenkel, Hannah I. Hoffman, Robin Fropf, Domenic Abbondanza, Jay S. Loeffler, Julia Waldman, Theodore S. Hong, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, William A. Freed-Pastor, Payman Yadollahpour, Kit Fuhrman, Rahul Mohan, Denis Schapiro, Jimmy A. Guo, Toni Delorey, Tyler Jacks, George Eng, Aviv Regev, Daniel R. Zollinger, Andrew J. Aguirre, Marina Kern, Jennifer Y. Wo, William L. Hwang, Colin D. Weekes, Jason Reeves, Michael S. Cuoco, Samouil L. Farhi, Danielle Dionne, Andrew S. Liss, Clifton Rodrigues, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, and Debora Ciprani

Subjects
Cell type, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, Context (language use), Biology, medicine.disease, Transcriptome, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Stroma, Pancreatic cancer, Cancer research, medicine, Reprogramming
Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a treatment-refractory disease. Characterizing PDAC by mRNA profiling remains particularly challenging. Previously identified bulk expression subtypes were influenced by contaminating stroma and have not yet informed clinical management, whereas single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) of fresh tumors under-represented key cell types. Here, we developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) technique for frozen archival PDAC specimens and used it to study both untreated tumors and those that received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT). Gene expression programs learned across untreated malignant cell and fibroblast profiles uncovered a clinically relevant molecular taxonomy with improved prognostic stratification compared to prior classifications. Moreover, in the increasingly-adopted neoadjuvant treatment context, there was a depletion of classical-like phenotypes in malignant cells in favor of basal-like phenotypes associated with TNF-NFkB and interferon signaling as well as the presence of novel acinar and neuroendocrine classical-like states, which may be more resilient to cytotoxic treatment. Spatially-resolved transcriptomics revealed an association between malignant cells expressing these basal-like programs and higher immune infiltration with increased lymphocytic content, whereas those exhibiting classical-like programs were linked to sparser macrophage-predominant microniches, perhaps pointing to susceptibility to distinct therapeutic strategies. Our refined molecular taxonomy and spatial resolution can help advance precision oncology in PDAC through informative stratification in clinical trials and insights into differential therapeutic targeting leveraging the immune system.

Published
2020

18. GABA-receptive microglia selectively sculpt developing inhibitory circuits

Author

Beth Stevens, Emilia Favuzzi, Leena A. Ibrahim, Giuseppe A. Saldi, Richard Bonneau, Elizaveta Khlestova, Shuhan Huang, Marian Fernandez-Otero, Gord Fishell, Yuqing Cao, Karen Zheng, Loïc Binan, Samouil L. Farhi, Sandeep Robert Datta, Ayman Zeine, Adwoa Sefah, and Qing Xu

Subjects
Cell type, Transcription, Genetic, Cell, GABAB receptor, Biology, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Synapse, Mice, Immune system, medicine, Animals, Humans, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Behavior, Animal, Microglia, Neural Inhibition, HEK293 Cells, Parvalbumins, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Animals, Newborn, Gene Expression Regulation, Receptors, GABA-B, Cerebral cortex, Synapses, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Neuroscience
Abstract

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic refinement and brain wiring. However, whether the remodeling of distinct synapse types during development is mediated by specialized microglia is unknown. Here, we show that GABA-receptive microglia selectively interact with inhibitory cortical synapses during a critical window of mouse postnatal development. GABA initiates a transcriptional synapse remodeling program within these specialized microglia, which in turn sculpt inhibitory connectivity without impacting excitatory synapses. Ablation of GABA(B) receptors within microglia impairs this process and leads to behavioral abnormalities. These findings demonstrate that brain wiring relies on the selective communication between matched neuronal and glial cell types.

Published
2021

19. Abstract 94: Multi-compartment reprogramming and spatially-resolved interactions in frozen pancreatic cancer with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy at single-cell resolution

Author

Jason M. Schenkel, Payman Yadollahpour, Cristina R. Ferrone, Denis Schapiro, Mari Mino-Kenudson, William A. Freed-Pastor, Kit Fuhrman, Tyler Jacks, Toni Delorey, Samouil L. Farhi, Marina Kern, Jimmy A. Guo, Jaimie L. Barth, Debora Ciprani, George Eng, Clifton Rodrigues, William L. Hwang, David T. Ting, Joseph M. Beechem, Daniel R. Zollinger, Hannah I. Hoffman, Jorge Roldan, Jason Reeves, Andrew S. Liss, J.Y. Wo, Andrew J. Aguirre, Aviv Regev, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Orr Ashenberg, Domenic Abbondanza, Colin D. Weekes, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Robin Fropf, Devan Phillips, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Theodore S. Hong, and Karthik A. Jagadeesh

Subjects
Cancer Research, Chemotherapy, Chemistry, medicine.medical_treatment, Spatially resolved, Cell, Resolution (electron density), medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, Cancer research, Compartment (pharmacokinetics), Reprogramming
Abstract

A molecular classification of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that informs clinical management remains elusive. Previously identified bulk expression subtypes in the untreated setting were influenced by contaminating stroma whereas single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) of fresh tumors under-represented key cell types. Two consensus subtypes have arisen from these prior efforts: (1) classical-like, and (2) basal-like. Basal-like tumors were associated with worse survival in the metastatic setting but attempts to refine this binary classification have failed to further stratify patient survival. Here, we developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) technique for banked frozen PDAC specimens and studied a cohort of untreated resected primary tumors (n ~ 20). Gene expression programs learned across malignant cell and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) profiles uncovered a clinically-relevant molecular taxonomy with improved prognostic stratification compared to prior classifications. Digital spatial profiling revealed an association between malignant cells expressing basal-like programs and greater immune infiltration with relatively fewer macrophages, whereas those exhibiting classical-like programs were linked to inflammatory CAFs and macrophage-predominant microniches. Recent clinical trials have supported the increasing adoption of neoadjuvant therapy to aggressively address the risk of micro-metastatic spread and to circumvent concerns of treatment tolerance in the postoperative setting. There is an urgent need to understand how preoperative treatment impacts residual tumor cells and their interactions with other cell types in the tumor microenvironment to identify additional therapeutic vulnerabilities that can be exploited. Towards this end, we performed snRNA-seq on an unmatched cohort of neoadjuvant-treated resected primary tumors (n ~ 25) with most cases involving FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation. Remarkably, the quality of single-nucleus mRNA profiles was comparable between heavily pre-treated and untreated specimens. We identified differentially expressed genes between treated and untreated samples to infer cell-type specific reprogramming in the residual tumor. This analysis revealed that in the neoadjuvant treatment context, there was lower expression of classical-like phenotypes in malignant cells in favor of basal-like phenotypes associated with TNF-NFkB and interferon signaling as well as the presence of novel acinar and neuroendocrine classical-like states. Our refined molecular taxonomy and spatial resolution may help advance precision oncology in PDAC through informative stratification in clinical trials and insights into compartment-specific therapies. Citation Format: William L. Hwang, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Jimmy A. Guo, Hannah I. Hoffman, Payman Yadollahpour, Jason Reeves, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Samouil Farhi, Denis Schapiro, George Eng, Jason M. Schenkel, William A. Freed-Pastor, Orr Ashenberg, Clifton Rodrigues, Domenic Abbondanza, Toni Delorey, Devan Phillips, Jorge Roldan, Debora Ciprani, Marina Kern, Jaimie L. Barth, Daniel R. Zollinger, Kit Fuhrman, Robin Fropf, Joseph Beechem, Colin Weekes, Cristina R. Ferrone, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Andrew J. Aguirre, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del- Castillo, Andrew S. Liss, David T. Ting, Tyler Jacks, Aviv Regev. Multi-compartment reprogramming and spatially-resolved interactions in frozen pancreatic cancer with and without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy at single-cell resolution [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 94.

Published
2021

20. Single-nucleus RNA-seq and Spatial Transcriptomics of Archival Primary Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Uncovers Multi-compartment Intratumoral Heterogeneity Associated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy

Author

Aviv Regev, Tyler Jacks, Hannah I. Hoffman, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Debora Ciprani, Denis Schapiro, Daniel R. Zollinger, N. Van Wittenberghe, Andrew J. Aguirre, Samouil L. Farhi, Mari Mino-Kenudson, C. Fernandez-del Casti, Theodore S. Hong, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Jimmy A. Guo, Orr Ashenberg, C. Rodriguez, William L. Hwang, and Andrew S. Liss

Subjects
Cancer Research, Radiation, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, business.industry, RNA-Seq, Transcriptome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, medicine, Cancer research, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, Compartment (pharmacokinetics), Nucleus, Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Published
2020

21. Sculpting light to reveal brain function

Author

Samouil L. Farhi and Adam E. Cohen

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Physics, Opsin, genetic structures, General Neuroscience, Brain, Stimulation, Optogenetics, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Calcium imaging, Neuropil, medicine, sense organs, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Brain function
Abstract

Understanding brain function requires technologies that can control the activity of large populations of neurons with high fidelity in space and time. We developed a new multiphoton holographic approach to activate or suppress the activity of ensembles of cortical neurons with cellular resolution and sub-millisecond precision. Since existing opsins were inadequate, we engineered new soma-targeted (ST) optogenetic tools, ST-ChroME and IRES-ST-eGtACR1, optimized for multiphoton activation and suppression. Employing a three-dimensional all-optical read/write interface, we demonstrate the ability to photo-stimulate up to 50 neurons simultaneously distributed in three dimensions in a 550 × 550 × 100 μm volume of brain tissue. This new approach allows the synthesis and editing of complex neural activity patterns needed to gain insight into the principles of neural codes.

Published
2018

22. A Bright and Fast Red Fluorescent Protein Voltage Indicator That Reports Neuronal Activity in Organotypic Brain Slices

Author

Jelena Platisa, Daan Brinks, Robert E. Campbell, Vincent A. Pieribone, Araya Ruangkittisakul, Yongxin Zhao, Ahmed S. Abdelfattah, Samouil L. Farhi, Klaus Ballanyi, Adam E. Cohen, and Peng Zou

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, Channelrhodopsin, Optogenetics, Biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Hippocampus, Green fluorescent protein, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, Organ Culture Techniques, Fluorescence microscope, Animals, Humans, Cells, Cultured, Fluorescent Dyes, Neurons, General Neuroscience, Articles, Fluorescence, Rats, Luminescent Proteins, Electrophysiology, HEK293 Cells, 030104 developmental biology, Animals, Newborn, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Temporal resolution, Biophysics, Female, HeLa Cells
Abstract

Optical imaging of voltage indicators based on green fluorescent proteins (FPs) or archaerhodopsin has emerged as a powerful approach for detecting the activity of many individual neurons with high spatial and temporal resolution. Relative to green FP-based voltage indicators, a bright red-shifted FP-based voltage indicator has the intrinsic advantages of lower phototoxicity, lower autofluorescent background, and compatibility with blue-light-excitable channelrhodopsins. Here, we report a bright red fluorescent voltage indicator (fluorescent indicator for voltage imaging red; FlicR1) with properties that are comparable to the best available green indicators. To develop FlicR1, we used directed protein evolution and rational engineering to screen libraries of thousands of variants. FlicR1 faithfully reports single action potentials (∼3% ΔF/F) and tracks electrically driven voltage oscillations at 100 Hz in dissociated Sprague Dawley rat hippocampal neurons in single trial recordings. Furthermore, FlicR1 can be easily imaged with wide-field fluorescence microscopy. We demonstrate that FlicR1 can be used in conjunction with a blue-shifted channelrhodopsin for all-optical electrophysiology, although blue light photoactivation of the FlicR1 chromophore presents a challenge for applications that require spatially overlapping yellow and blue excitation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFluorescent-protein-based voltage indicators enable imaging of the electrical activity of many genetically targeted neurons with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we describe the engineering of a bright red fluorescent protein-based voltage indicator designated as FlicR1 (fluorescent indicator for voltage imaging red). FlicR1 has sufficient speed and sensitivity to report single action potentials and voltage fluctuations at frequencies up to 100 Hz in single-trial recordings with wide-field microscopy. Because it is excitable with yellow light, FlicR1 can be used in conjunction with blue-light-activated optogenetic actuators. However, spatially distinct patterns of optogenetic activation and voltage imaging are required to avoid fluorescence artifacts due to photoactivation of the FlicR1 chromophore.

Published
2016

23. Abstract PR-007: Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of archival pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals multi-compartment reprogramming after neoadjuvant treatment

Author

Jason Reeves, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Debora Ciprani, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Jason M. Schenkel, Hannah I. Hoffman, Domenic Abbondanza, Jimmy A. Guo, Tyler Jacks, Samouil L. Farhi, Aviv Regev, George Eng, William A. Freed-Pastor, Denis Schapiro, Daniel R. Zollinger, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Clifton Rodrigues, William L. Hwang, Jennifer Y. Wo, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Theodore S. Hong, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Andrew J. Aguirre, and Andrew S. Liss

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell type, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Cancer, Context (language use), medicine.disease, Clinical trial, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Stroma, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, business, Reprogramming, Neoadjuvant therapy
Abstract

Molecular subtyping of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains in its nascent stages and does not currently inform clinical management or therapeutic development. Previously identified bulk expression subtypes in the untreated setting were influenced by contaminating stroma whereas single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) of fresh tumors under-represented key cell types. Two consensus subtypes have arisen from these prior efforts: (1) classical-pancreatic, encompassing a spectrum of pancreatic lineage precursors, and (2) basal-like/squamous/quasi-mesenchymal, characterized by loss of endodermal identity and aberrations in chromatin modifiers. Basal-like tumors were associated with poorer responses to chemotherapy and worse survival in the metastatic setting but attempts to refine this binary classification have failed to further stratify patient survival. Recent clinical trials have supported the increasing adoption of neoadjuvant therapy to aggressively address the risk of micro-metastatic spread and to circumvent concerns of treatment tolerance in the postoperative setting. There is an urgent need to understand how preoperative treatment reprograms residual tumor cells to identify additional therapeutic vulnerabilities that can be exploited in combination with neoadjuvant CRT. Here, we developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) technique for frozen archival PDAC specimens and used it to study both untreated tumors (n = 15) and those that received neoadjuvant CRT (n = 11). Gene expression programs learned across malignant cell and fibroblast profiles uncovered a clinically relevant molecular taxonomy with improved prognostic stratification (median survival: 11.2 months in highest risk group to 44.7 months in lowest risk group) compared to prior classifications. Moreover, in the neoadjuvant treatment context, there was lower expression of classical-like phenotypes in malignant cells in favor of basal-like phenotypes associated with TNF-NFkB and interferon signaling as well as the presence of novel acinar and neuroendocrine classical-like states, which may be more resilient to cytotoxic treatment. These results suggest that differentiated endodermal phenotypes are only prevalent enough to be detected under treatment selection pressure and when observed in treatment-naïve bulk studies, may reflect normal cell contamination. Spatially-resolved transcriptomics revealed an association between malignant cells expressing basal-like programs and higher immune infiltration with increased lymphocytic content, whereas those exhibiting classical-like programs were linked to sparser macrophage-predominant microniches, perhaps pointing to distinct therapeutic susceptibilities. Our refined molecular taxonomy and spatial resolution may help advance precision oncology in PDAC through informative stratification in clinical trials and insights into differential therapeutic targeting leveraging the immune system. Citation Format: William L. Hwang, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Jimmy A. Guo, Hannah I. Hoffman, Eugene Drokhlyansky, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Samouil Farhi, Denis Schapiro, Jason Reeves, Daniel R. Zollinger, George Eng, Jason M. Schenkel, William A. Freed-Pastor, Clifton Rodrigues, Domenic Abbondanza, Debora Ciprani, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Andrew J. Aguirre, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Andrew S. Liss, Tyler E. Jacks, Aviv Regev. Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of archival pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma reveals multi-compartment reprogramming after neoadjuvant treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-007.

Published
2020

24. Single-nucleus RNA-seq of frozen archival primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma uncovers multi-compartment intratumoral heterogeneity associated with neoadjuvant treatment

Author

Andrew S. Liss, Debora Ciprani, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Nicholas Van Wittenberghe, Clifton Rodrigues, Daniel R. Zollinger, Andrew J. Aguirre, Jimmy A. Guo, Tyler Jacks, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Samouil L. Farhi, Theodore S. Hong, Karthik A. Jagadeesh, Hannah I. Hoffman, Orr Ashenberg, William L. Hwang, Aviv Regev, Denis Schapiro, and Eugene Drokhlyansky

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, Oncology, Neoadjuvant treatment, business.industry, medicine, Cancer research, RNA-Seq, business, Compartment (pharmacokinetics), Nucleus
Abstract

4633 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a treatment-refractory disease and existing molecular subtypes do not inform clinical decisions. Previously identified bulk transcriptomic subtypes of PDAC were often unintentionally driven by “contaminating” stroma. RNA extraction from pancreatic tissue is difficult and prior single-cell RNA-seq efforts have been limited by suboptimal dissociation/RNA quality and poor performance in the setting of neoadjuvant treatment. We developed a robust single-nucleus RNA-seq (sNuc-seq) technique compatible with frozen archival PDAC specimens. Methods: Single nuclei suspensions were extracted from frozen primary PDAC specimens (n = 27) derived from patients with (borderline)-resectable PDAC who underwent surgical resection with or without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Approximately 170,000 nuclei were processed with the 10x Genomics Single Cell 3’ v3 pipeline and gene expression libraries were sequenced (Illumina HiSeq X). Results: Distinct nuclei clusters with gene expression profiles/inferred copy number variation analysis consistent with neoplastic, acinar, ductal, fibroblast, endothelial, endocrine, lymphocyte, and myeloid populations were identified with proportions similar to corresponding multiplexed ion beam imaging. Non-negative matrix factorization revealed intra-tumoral heterogeneity shared across patients. Neoplastic cells featured eight distinct transcriptional topics characterized by developmental (epithelial, mesenchymal, endoderm progenitor, neural progenitor) and environmental (anabolic, catabolic, cycling, hypoxic) programs. CAFs exhibited four different transcriptional topics (activated/desmoplastic, myofibroblast, neurogenic, osteochondral). Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses demonstrated that CRT was associated with an enrichment in myogenic programs in CAFs, activation pathways in immune cells, and type I/II interferons in malignant cells. CRT was also associated with a depletion in developmental programs within malignant cells. Conclusions: We uncovered significant intratumoral heterogeneity and treatment-associated differences in the malignant, fibroblast, and immune compartments of PDAC using sNuc-seq. Deconvolution of clinically-annotated bulk RNA-seq cohorts and characterization of intercellular interactions with receptor-ligand analysis and spatial transcriptomics are ongoing.

Published
2020

25. All-optical electrophysiology reveals brain-state dependent changes in hippocampal subthreshold dynamics and excitability

Author

Christopher D. Harvey, Yongxin Zhao, Linda Madisen, Hao Wu, Robert E. Campbell, Daan Brinks, Mohammed A. Mostajo-Radji, Hongkui Zeng, Paola Arlotta, Parot, Yoav Adam, Katherine J. Williams, Samouil L. Farhi, Jeong J. Kim, Adam E. Cohen, Selmaan N. Chettih, Shan Lou, and Simon Kheifets

Subjects
Physics, Electrophysiology, Subthreshold conduction, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Context (language use), Optogenetics, Hippocampal formation, Network dynamics, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Neuroscience
Abstract

A technology to record membrane potential from multiple neurons, simultaneously, in behaving animals will have a transformative impact on neuroscience research1. Parallel recordings could reveal the subthreshold potentials and intercellular correlations that underlie network behavior2. Paired stimulation and recording can further reveal the input-output properties of individual cells or networks in the context of different brain states3. Genetically encoded voltage indicators are a promising tool for these purposes, but were so far limited to single-cell recordings with marginal signal to noise ratio (SNR) in vivo4-6. We developed improved near infrared voltage indicators, high speed microscopes and targeted gene expression schemes which enabled recordings of supra- and subthreshold voltage dynamics from multiple neurons simultaneously in mouse hippocampus, in vivo. The reporters revealed sub-cellular details of back-propagating action potentials, correlations in sub-threshold voltage between multiple cells, and changes in dynamics associated with transitions from resting to locomotion. In combination with optogenetic stimulation, the reporters revealed brain state-dependent changes in neuronal excitability, reflecting the interplay of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. These tools open the possibility for detailed explorations of network dynamics in the context of behavior.

Published
2018
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26. Voltage imaging and optogenetics reveal behaviour-dependent changes in hippocampal dynamics

Author

Robert E. Campbell, Simon Kheifets, Daan Brinks, Christopher D. Harvey, Liam Paninski, Ding Zhou, Katherine J. Williams, Yongxin Zhao, E. Kelly Buchanan, Benjamin Gmeiner, Ian Kinsella, Yoav Adam, Hao Wu, Michael E. Xie, Hongkui Zeng, Adam E. Cohen, Vicente Parot, Mohammed A. Mostajo-Radji, Paola Arlotta, Linda Madisen, Samouil L. Farhi, Jeong J. Kim, Selmaan N. Chettih, and Shan Lou

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Archaeal Proteins, Hippocampus, Action Potentials, Context (language use), Walking, Hippocampal formation, Optogenetics, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Humans, Cells, Cultured, Membrane potential, Neurons, Multidisciplinary, Subthreshold conduction, Chemistry, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, HEK293 Cells, nervous system, Bacteriorhodopsins, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Female, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Algorithms
Abstract

A technology that simultaneously records membrane potential from multiple neurons in behaving animals will have a transformative effect on neuroscience research1,2. Genetically encoded voltage indicators are a promising tool for these purposes; however, these have so far been limited to single-cell recordings with a marginal signal-to-noise ratio in vivo3–5. Here we developed improved near-infrared voltage indicators, high-speed microscopes and targeted gene expression schemes that enabled simultaneous in vivo recordings of supra- and subthreshold voltage dynamics in multiple neurons in the hippocampus of behaving mice. The reporters revealed subcellular details of back-propagating action potentials and correlations in subthreshold voltage between multiple cells. In combination with stimulation using optogenetics, the reporters revealed changes in neuronal excitability that were dependent on the behavioural state, reflecting the interplay of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs. These tools open the possibility for detailed explorations of network dynamics in the context of behaviour. A combination of improved near-infrared voltage indicators, high-speed microscopes and targeted gene expression schemes enabled simultaneous in vivo optogenetic control and recording of voltage dynamics in multiple neurons in the hippocampus of behaving mice.

Published
2018

27. All-optical electrophysiology in mammalian neurons using engineered microbial rhodopsins

Author

Venkatesh N. Murthy, D. Jed Harrison, Adam E. Cohen, Yongxin Zhao, Gabriella L. Boulting, Edward S. Boyden, Dougal Maclaurin, Robert E. Campbell, Peng Zou, Daniel Hochbaum, Jessica L. Saulnier, Samouil L. Farhi, Bernardo L. Sabatini, Christoph Straub, Joel M. Kralj, Niklas Smedemark-Margulies, Nathan C. Klapoetke, Gane Ka-Shu Wong, Christopher A. Werley, Michael Melkonian, Vikrant Kapoor, Yong Ku Cho, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Media Laboratory, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Klapoetke, Nathan Cao, Cho, Yongku, and Boyden, Edward

Subjects
Mammals, Neurons, Rhodopsin, Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, Dendritic spine, biology, Channelrhodopsin, Cell Biology, Neurotransmission, Optogenetics, Synaptic Transmission, Biochemistry, Recombinant Proteins, Article, Electrophysiology, biology.protein, Biophysics, Animals, Bacterial rhodopsins, Directed Molecular Evolution, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology
Abstract

All-optical electrophysiology—spatially resolved simultaneous optical perturbation and measurement of membrane voltage—would open new vistas in neuroscience research. We evolved two archaerhodopsin-based voltage indicators, QuasAr1 and 2, which show improved brightness and voltage sensitivity, microsecond response times, and produce no photocurrent. We engineered a novel channelrhodopsin actuator, CheRiff, which shows improved light sensitivity and kinetics, and spectral orthogonality to the QuasArs. A co-expression vector, Optopatch, enabled crosstalk-free genetically targeted all-optical electrophysiology. In cultured neurons, we combined Optopatch with patterned optical excitation to probe back-propagating action potentials in dendritic spines, synaptic transmission, sub-cellular microsecond-timescale details of action potential propagation, and simultaneous firing of many neurons in a network. Optopatch measurements revealed homeostatic tuning of intrinsic excitability in human stem cell-derived neurons. In brain slice, Optopatch induced and reported action potentials and subthreshold events, with high signal-to-noise ratios. The Optopatch platform enables high-throughput, spatially resolved electrophysiology without use of conventional electrodes.

Published
2014

28. Compressed Hadamard microscopy for high-speed optically sectioned neuronal activity recordings

Author

Yoav Adam, Linlin Z. Fan, Vicente Parot, Urs Lucas Böhm, Adam E. Cohen, Samouil L. Farhi, and Carlos Sing-Long

Subjects
Differential modulation, 0303 health sciences, Materials science, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Optical sectioning, business.industry, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, 010309 optics, 03 medical and health sciences, Slice preparation, Optics, Calcium dynamics, Hadamard transform, Temporal resolution, 0103 physical sciences, Microscopy, Premovement neuronal activity, business, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Structured illumination microscopies achieve optical sectioning via differential modulation of in-focus and out-of-focus contributions to an image. Multiple wide-field camera images are analyzed to recreate an optical section. The requirement for multiple camera frames per image entails a loss of temporal resolution compared to conventional wide-field imaging. Here we describe a computational structured illumination imaging scheme, compressed Hadamard imaging, which achieves simultaneously high spatial and temporal resolution for optical sectioning of 3D samples with low-rank dynamics (e.g. neurons labeled with fluorescent activity reporters). We validate the technique with numerical simulations, and then illustrate with wide-area optically sectioned recordings of membrane voltage dynamics in mouse neurons in an acute brain slice and of calcium dynamics in zebrafish brain in vivo.

Published
2019

29. Copper regulates cyclic-AMP-dependent lipolysis

Author

Cheri M. Ackerman, Christopher J. Chang, Samouil L. Farhi, Jefferson Y. Chan, Harini Kaluarachchi, Joseph A. Cotruvo, Abigael Muchenditsi, Lukas P. Smaga, Mark N. Vander Wal, Timothy Guan, Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy, Allegra T. Aron, Svetlana Lutsenko, Shang Jia, Elizabeth J. New, and Venkata S. Pendyala

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cell signaling, Lipolysis, chemistry.chemical_element, Calcium, Biology, Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Structure-Activity Relationship, 3T3-L1 Cells, Cyclic AMP, Animals, Molecular Biology, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, Phosphodiesterase, Cell Biology, Copper, Enzyme assay, Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Second messenger system, biology.protein, Cysteine
Abstract

Cell signaling relies extensively on dynamic pools of redox-inactive metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and zinc, but their redox-active transition metal counterparts such as copper and iron have been studied primarily as static enzyme cofactors. Here we report that copper is an endogenous regulator of lipolysis, the breakdown of fat, which is an essential process in maintaining the body's weight and energy stores. Utilizing a murine model of genetic copper misregulation, in combination with pharmacological alterations in copper status and imaging studies in a 3T3-L1 white adipocyte model, we demonstrate that copper regulates lipolysis at the level of the second messenger, cyclic AMP (cAMP), by altering the activity of the cAMP-degrading phosphodiesterase PDE3B. Biochemical studies of the copper-PDE3B interaction establish copper-dependent inhibition of enzyme activity and identify a key conserved cysteine residue within a PDE3-specific loop that is essential for the observed copper-dependent lipolytic phenotype.

Published
2015

30. Photostick: a method for selective isolation of target cells from culture

Author

Samouil L. Farhi, Christopher A. Werley, Miao-Ping Chien, and Adam E. Cohen

Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test, Computer science, Petri dish, Video microscopy, Image processing, General Chemistry, computer.software_genre, Fluorescence, law.invention, Flow cytometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemistry, Biotin, chemistry, law, Biophysics, medicine, Viability assay, Data mining, computer, Laser capture microdissection
Abstract

A new method enables optical selection of one or more cells in culture via photochemical crosslinking to the culture dish., Sorting of target cells from a heterogeneous pool is technically difficult when the selection criterion is complex, e.g. a dynamic response, a morphological feature, or a combination of multiple parameters. At present, mammalian cell selections are typically performed either via static fluorescence (e.g. fluorescence activated cell sorter), via survival (e.g. antibiotic resistance), or via serial operations (flow cytometry, laser capture microdissection). Here we present a simple protocol for selecting cells based on any static or dynamic property that can be identified by video microscopy and image processing. The “photostick” technique uses a cell-impermeant photochemical crosslinker and digital micromirror array-based patterned illumination to immobilize selected cells on the culture dish. Other cells are washed away with mild protease treatment. The crosslinker also labels the selected cells with a fluorescent dye and a biotin for later identification. The photostick protocol preserves cell viability, permits genetic profiling of selected cells, and can be performed with complex functional selection criteria such as neuronal firing patterns.

Published
2015

31. Coherent pion production in heavy ion charge exchange reactions

Author

R.A. Kunne, T. Hennino, J. L. Boyard, M. Roy-Stephan, M. Kagarlis, C. Gaarde, J.C. Jourdain, Clive Ellegaard, J. Jensen, B. Ramstein, Martin Drews, J.S. Larsen, Ronald Dahl, P. Radvanyi, P. Zupranski, L. Farhi, W. Augustyniak, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Carbon-12, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Ground state
Abstract

EI; We report the first observation of coherent pion production induced by a heavy ion charge exchange reaction. The ($^12$C,$^12$N) reaction [D. Bachelier et al., Phys. Lett. B 172 (1986) 23; M. Roy-Stephan et al., Nucl. Phys. A 488 (1988) 178] at 1.1 GeV/nucleon has been used to shine negative (off-shell) pions on nuclei and observe (on-shell) pions, leaving the target nucleus in its ground state. The experiment was performed at the Laboratoire National Saturne with the SPES4$_\pi$ setup [Laurent Farhi PHD thesis IPNO-T97-12, Universite d'Orsay, 1997; Rasmus Dahl Ph.D., Niels Bohr Institutet, Copenhagen (1999)].

Published
2005

32. Theep→e′pηReaction at and above theS11(1535)Baryon Resonance

Author

M. J. Amaryan, M. Taiuti, S. K. Matthews, J. Ficenec, Gyurjyan, W. Kim, A. Longhi, R. A. Schumacher, B. E. Bonner, L. Elouadrhiri, A. P. Freyberger, R. Magahiz, Robert E. Welsh, S. Dytman, S. Whisnant, B. M. Preedom, Federico Ronchetti, R. J. Feuerbach, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, Michael Dugger, Shalev Gilad, De Sanctis E, A. V. Vlassov, G. Ricco, J. R. Kane, H. Avakian, Philip L. Cole, J. P. Cummings, G. S. Adams, Larry Weinstein, R. A. Miskimen, K. Joo, J. Shaw, R. W. Major, Moshe Gai, M. Kossov, W. J. Briscoe, D. Rowntree, D. Doughty, K. Beard, W. K. Brooks, Friedrich Klein, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, Kevin Fissum, Kalvir S. Dhuga, Barry Ritchie, A. Coleman, K. A. Griffioen, M. M. Ito, G. Riccardi, L. M. Qin, J. J. Manak, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, C. E. Hyde-Wright, J. W C McNabb, M. S. Ohandjanyan, D. Heddle, C. Salgado, H. R. Weller, Roy Thompson, Curtis Smith, D. P. Weygand, Herbert O. Funsten, S. A. Philips, Patrick Girard, Y. Kuang, H. Egiyan, M. Witkowski, Bernhard Mecking, Mestayer, A. J. Sarty, Jing Zhao, S. Stepanyan, De Vita R, D. G. Jenkins, C. Djalali, Z. L. Zhou, M. Lucas, Airton Deppman, D. I. Sober, A. Shafi, D. Hancock, Avraham Klein, Leskin Ga, M. Battaglieri, S. McAleer, William Bertozzi, E. Polli, E. Anciant, L. Farhi, G. E. Dodge, Daniel S. Carman, V. B. Gavrilov, O. Pogorelko, A. K. Opper, G. Audit, J. W. Price, M. Khandaker, E. Wolin, P. V. Degtyarenko, Y. Patois, Gerard Gilfoyle, Dinko Pocanic, L.C. Dennis, K. Loukachine, N. Pivnyuk, M. Bektasoglu, S. E. Kuhn, S. M. Shuvalov, D. Lawrence, M. Eckhause, J. Napolitano, M. Ripani, M. Guillo, Jochen Heisenberg, Y. V. Efremenko, Volker D. Burkert, M. Sanzone, J. Connelly, Donal Day, M. Sargsyan, G. A. Peterson, M. Guidal, A. V. Skabelin, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, A. S. Biselli, Elton Smith, S. Barrow, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, G. S. Mutchler, M. Anghinolfi, Hall Crannell, D. G. Crabb, James Mueller, S. Taylor, P. D. Rubin, G. Capitani, F. Roudot, D. J. Tedeschi, Y. G. Sharabian, M. Spraker, Sapunenko, R. C. Minehart, M. Klusman, Nicola Bianchi, S. Boiarinov, C. A. Meyer, J. S. McCarthy, B. Carnahan, Thierry Auger, A. R. Reolon, Michael Vineyard, C. Marchand, P. Rossi, P. Dragovitsch, F. W. Hersman, R. A. Demirchyan, T. Y. Tung, J. Hardie, K. Y. Kim, Muccifora, R. A. Niyazov, John T. O'Brien, P. Corvisiero, K. S. Egiyan, Calarco, P. Stoler, and K. Hicks

Subjects
Baryon, Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Photon, Amplitude, Angular distribution, Meson, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Invariant (physics), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

New cross sections for the reaction e p-->e p eta are reported for total center of mass energy W = 1.5--1.86 GeV and invariant momentum transfer Q2 = 0.25--1.5 (GeV/c)(2). This large kinematic range allows extraction of important new information about response functions, photocouplings, and eta N coupling strengths of baryon resonances. Newly observed structure at W approximately 1.65 GeV is shown to come from interference between S and P waves and can be interpreted with known resonances. Improved values are derived for the photon coupling amplitude for the S11(1535) resonance.

Published
2001

33. Two-pion production in alphap scattering at 1 GeV/nucleon in the energy region of the Roper resonance excitation

Author

M. Roy-Stephan, H.P. Morsch, P. Zupranski, L. Farhi, B. V. Razmyslovich, J. L. Boyard, V. A. Mylnikov, J.C. Jourdain, S. S. Volkov, A. V. Kravtsov, W. Augustyniak, Liudmila Malinina, A. A. Zhdanov, R.A. Kunne, E. A. Strokovsky, E. M. Orischin, G. D. Alkhazov, A. N. Prokofiev, I. I. Tkach, M. Boivin, B. Ramstein, I. B. Smirnov, T. Hennino, Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Roper resonance, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Alpha particle, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Alpha decay, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

Semiexclusive measurements of the two-pion-production $p(\ensuremath{\alpha},{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{'})p\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$ reaction have been carried out at an energy of ${E}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=4.2$ GeV at the Saturne-II (Saclay) accelerator with the SPES4-\ensuremath{\pi} installation. This reaction was investigated by simultaneous registration of the scattered \ensuremath{\alpha} particle and the secondary proton. The obtained results show that the two-pion production in inelastic \ensuremath{\alpha}-particle scattering on the proton at the energy of the experiment proceeds mainly through excitation in the target proton of the Roper resonance and its decay with emission of two pions in the isospin $I=0,S$-wave state.

Published
2008

34. Q2dependence of theS11(1535)photocoupling and evidence for aP-wave resonance in η electroproduction

Author

S. A. Morrow, Laird Kramer, P. Dragovitsch, P. Stoler, Barry Ritchie, J. Hardie, S. O. Nelson, K. Hicks, H. G. Juengst, M. L. Leber, Federico Ronchetti, K. Livingston, A.V. Stavinsky, D. J. Tedeschi, J. Kuhn, N. A. Baltzell, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, G. V. Fedotov, R. Dickson, L. Elouadrhiri, H. Denizli, J. P. Santoro, Roy Thompson, D. P. Weygand, I. Bedlinskiy, K. A. Griffioen, G. Ricco, N. Markov, J. Langheinrich, S. S. Stepanyan, N. Dashyan, S. A. Philips, I. I. Strakovsky, N. Guler, M. Bellis, G. A. Peterson, K. S. Egiyan, Nikolay Shvedunov, A. Deur, V. Frolov, M. J. Amaryan, K. Mikhailov, Shifeng Chen, R. J. Feuerbach, A. I. Ostrovidov, P. Eugenio, R. Fatemi, B. B. Niczyporuk, S. Barrow, W. K. Brooks, M. Taiuti, V. Batourine, I. Hleiqawi, Friedrich Klein, Y. Ilieva, C. Cetina, A. V. Vlassov, S. L. Careccia, N. Kalantarians, J. Hu, J. D. Kellie, J. P. Cummings, S. Simionatto, C. E. Hyde-Wright, Brian Raue, N. Pivnyuk, J. Napolitano, Michael Vineyard, L. Farhi, D. Rowntree, Sergey Kuleshov, N. Baillie, J. T. Goetz, E. Polli, M. Bektasoglu, M. Nozar, V. Gyurjyan, G. V. O'Rielly, P. Collins, Maryam Moteabbed, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, M. Kossov, M. MacCormick, Valeria Muccifora, Bernhard Mecking, V. Sapunenko, Dinko Pocanic, R. De Vita, J. Zhang, M. Guidal, Z. W. Zhao, G. Gavalian, S. Tkachenko, R. A. Schumacher, Susan Taylor, N. Benmouna, P. L. Cole, M. Spraker, Larry Weinstein, D. Doughty, G. Rosner, L. C. Smith, S. J. Gaff, H. Bagdasaryan, R. Nasseripour, M. Holtrop, D. G. Jenkins, C. Djalali, M. D. Mestayer, E. L. Isupov, M. Ripani, L. Guo, S. Strauch, Gerard Gilfoyle, K. Sabourov, D. Heddle, Nicola Bianchi, D. P. Watts, H. Egiyan, S. Bültmann, M. Ungaro, Michael L. Williams, B. S. Ishkhanov, Sylvain Bouchigny, S. E. Kuhn, T. A. Forest, D. Sokhan, S. Stepanyan, P. Nadel-Turonski, B. E. Stokes, J. W. Price, J. Pierce, Avraham Klein, G. S. Adams, Tsutomu Mibe, G. E. Dodge, J. J. Manak, S. Boiarinov, Michael Dugger, S. McAleer, B. M. Preedom, H. Y. Lu, P. Rossi, H. O. Funsten, F. X. Girod, P. V. Degtyarenko, D. Protopopescu, R. A. Miskimen, B. McKinnon, J. H. Kelley, K. Joo, G. S. Mutchler, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, L. M. Qin, J. Yun, D. Cords, C. Tur, Lorenzo Zana, D. G. Ireland, A. Shafi, A. Yegneswaran, I. Niculescu, M. Battaglieri, V. Crede, D. Lawrence, D. Branford, P. Ambrozewicz, H. Hakobyan, Kwangsoo Kim, G. Riccardi, Gerald Feldman, K. Moriya, U. Thoma, J. R. Calarco, A. Tkabladze, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, C. Paterson, Elton Smith, K. Wang, C. Salgado, Atilla Gonenc, M. R. Niroula, M. Klusman, R. Bradford, K. Lukashin, C. Butuceanu, M. Guillo, E. De Sanctis, M. Khandaker, M. Anghinolfi, E. Wolin, H. S. Jo, R. S. Hakobyan, James Mueller, L. El Fassi, P. D. Rubin, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, Y. G. Sharabian, D. S. Carman, J. Lachniet, D. I. Sober, S. Niccolai, D. G. Crabb, J. Salamanca, J. W C McNabb, A. Coleman, H. R. Weller, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, J. Donnelly, G. Asryan, O. P. Dzyubak, R. A. Niyazov, P. Corvisiero, J. Miles, P. Coltharp, M. Osipenko, F. Sabatié, M. M. Ito, K. Beard, R. W. Gothe, Kalvir S. Dhuga, K. Y. Kim, W. Kim, A. V. Skabelin, G. Niculescu, B. Zhao, R. D. Levine, V. Mokeev, F. W. Hersman, L. C. Dennis, B. E. Bonner, H. Avakian, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, S. A. Dytman, Patrick Girard, J. Shaw, Michael Wood, K. Hafidi, V. S. Serov, K. Park, V. P. Kubarovsky, A. Empl, and O. Pogorelko

Subjects
Baryon, Scattering cross-section, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cross section.transverse, Particle physics, Amplitude, Photon, Angular distribution, Momentum transfer, Resonance, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

New cross sections for the reaction $\mathit{ep}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{'}\ensuremath{\eta}p$ are reported for total center-of-mass energy $W=1.5\text{\ensuremath{-}}2.3$ GeV and invariant squared momentum transfer ${Q}^{2}=0.13\text{\ensuremath{-}}3.3$ GeV${}^{2}$. This large kinematic range allows the extraction of new information about response functions, photocouplings, and $\ensuremath{\eta}N$ coupling strengths of baryon resonances. A sharp structure is seen at $W~1.7$ GeV. The shape of the differential cross section is indicative of the presence of a $P$-wave resonance that persists to high ${Q}^{2}$. Improved values are derived for the photocoupling amplitude for the ${S}_{11}$(1535) resonance. The new data greatly expand the ${Q}^{2}$ range covered, and an interpretation of all data with a consistent parametrization is provided.

Published
2007

35. Separated structure functions for the exclusive electroproduction ofK+ΛandK+Σ0final states

Author

Y. Ilieva, L. C. Dennis, B. E. Bonner, J. Kuhn, J. P. Santoro, Elton Smith, D. P. Watts, Roy Thompson, Nicola Bianchi, R. W. Gothe, H. Avakian, H. Egiyan, Latifa Elouadrhiri, R. C. Minehart, Kei Moriya, D. G. Ireland, P. Eugenio, V. Crede, M. Taiuti, P. Collins, Michael Dugger, C. A. Meyer, H. O. Funsten, K. Livingston, P. L. Cole, M. Anghinolfi, G. V. Fedotov, R. A. Miskimen, B. McKinnon, K. Y. Kim, N. Markov, A. Tkabladze, J. R. Calarco, E. Wolin, R. Dickson, I. I. Strakovsky, James Mueller, D. Rowntree, D. Branford, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, K. S. Egiyan, W. J. Briscoe, P. D. Rubin, J. P. Ball, B. Zhao, E. Pasyuk, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, N. Guler, J. Lachniet, D. I. Sober, A. I. Ostrovidov, D. Doughty, W. K. Brooks, Y. G. Sharabian, D. P. Weygand, K. Mikhailov, L. El Fassi, D. G. Crabb, V. Batourine, S. A. Dytman, Volker D. Burkert, R. Fatemi, G. V. O'Rielly, D. Heddle, Daniel S. Carman, A. S. Biselli, S. Barrow, A. V. Vlassov, G. Gavalian, F. W. Hersman, P. Dragovitsch, Z. W. Zhao, L. Farhi, S. Tkachenko, V. Sapunenko, D. Sayre, N. Benmouna, M. Ripani, P. Nadel-Turonski, Dinko Pocanic, D. G. Jenkins, D. Protopopescu, Kwangsoo Kim, G. Riccardi, M. Amarian, D. Lawrence, Nikolay Shvedunov, J. P. Cummings, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A. V. Skabelin, K. Park, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, C. Butuceanu, Tsutomu Mibe, P. Stoler, R. De Vita, Laird Kramer, N. Baillie, A. Shafi, S. McAleer, M. Osipenko, F. Sabatié, N. Kalantarians, S. E. Kuhn, F. X. Girod, K. Beard, M. Kossov, P. Coltharp, S. Niccolai, K. Hicks, Valeria Muccifora, B. L. Berman, Sylvain Bouchigny, C. Tur, Y. Prok, Barry Ritchie, Kalvir S. Dhuga, L. M. Qin, Gerard Gilfoyle, R. J. Feuerbach, M. M. Ito, Sergey Kuleshov, M. Guillo, M. Bektasoglu, P. Rossi, M. Nozar, V. P. Kubarovsky, J. Donnelly, G. Asryan, V. Frolov, D. Sokhan, O. P. Dzyubak, R. A. Niyazov, C. Paterson, Atilla Gonenc, J. W. Price, M. Klusman, W. Kim, J. Hardie, M. MacCormick, I. Hleiqawi, L. C. Smith, Shifeng Chen, B. S. Ishkhanov, S. L. Careccia, P. Corvisiero, S. Simionatto, G. Niculescu, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, S. Taylor, Larry Weinstein, M. R. Niroula, M. Khandaker, H. G. Juengst, M. Guidal, M. Bellis, J. Salamanca, V. Mokeev, M. Holtrop, A.V. Stavinsky, C. Cetina, J. T. Goetz, Jian Zhang, E. Polli, Michael Vineyard, J. Langheinrich, S. S. Stepanyan, S. A. Philips, D. J. Tedeschi, I. Bedlinskiy, J. W C McNabb, J. Hu, M. D. Mestayer, E. L. Isupov, B. B. Niczyporuk, S. Boiarinov, Maryam Moteabbed, N. Pivnyuk, B. M. Preedom, Bernhard Mecking, Lorenzo Zana, J. Napolitano, H. Hakobyan, H. S. Jo, Gerald Feldman, K. Wang, C. Salgado, S. A. Morrow, C. Djalali, M. Battaglieri, R. Bradford, P. Ambrozewicz, K. Lukashin, N. A. Baltzell, K. A. Griffioen, J. J. Manak, J. D. Kellie, S. Strauch, G. S. Mutchler, Mathew Williams, V. Gyurjyan, H. Bagdasaryan, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, K. Joo, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, B. E. Stokes, G. Ricco, G. Rosner, R. Nasseripour, A. Empl, O. Pogorelko, Patrick Girard, Michael Wood, K. Hafidi, V. S. Serov, Friedrich Klein, Brian Raue, Federico Ronchetti, G. E. Dodge, H. Y. Lu, P. V. Degtyarenko, I. Niculescu, R. De Masi, R. A. Schumacher, S. Bültmann, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, J. Pierce, Avraham Klein, and N. Dashyan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, Hyperon, Sigma, Strangeness, Lambda, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

We report measurements of the exclusive electroproduction of K{sup +}{lambda} and K{sup +}{sigma}{sup 0} final states from a proton target using the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) large-acceptance spectrometer (CLAS) detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The separated structure functions {sigma}{sub T},{sigma}{sub L},{sigma}{sub TT}, and {sigma}{sub LT} were extracted from the {phi}- and {epsilon}-dependent differential cross sections taken with electron beam energies of 2.567, 4.056, and 4.247 GeV. This analysis represents the first {sigma}{sub L}/{sigma}{sub T} separation with the CLAS detector, and the first measurement of the kaon electroproduction structure functions away from parallel kinematics. The data span a broad range of momentum transfers from 0.5{

Published
2007

36. Measurement of the polarized structure functionσLT'for pion electroproduction in the Roper-resonance region

Author

H. Avakian, L. Elouadrhiri, V. Gyurjyan, J. Zhang, H. Bagdasaryan, A.V. Stavinsky, M. Osipenko, V. Batourine, E. Anciant, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, P. Stoler, R. Fatemi, D. J. Tedeschi, I. I. Strakovsky, A. Deur, A. V. Vlassov, K. Joo, N. A. Baltzell, R. A. Niyazov, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, M. Bektasoglu, R. A. Schumacher, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, Thierry Auger, K. Beard, S. A. Dytman, I. Bedlinskiy, T. Lee, J. P. Cummings, W. K. Brooks, E. Wolin, K. A. Griffioen, S. Strauch, S. O. Nelson, K. Hicks, M. Kossov, Susan Taylor, R. A. Miskimen, B. McKinnon, H. G. Juengst, J. J. Manak, G. Gavalian, M. Khandaker, J. Lachniet, S. Bueltmann, J. Kuhn, Kalvir S. Dhuga, V. Mokeev, Shifeng Chen, T. A. Forest, J. P. Ball, M. Bellis, Patrick Girard, L. C. Maximon, J. Donnelly, G. Asryan, O. P. Dzyubak, N. Benmouna, M. Ripani, D. Rowntree, H. Egiyan, S. Stepanyan, J. Pierce, Avraham Klein, P. Coltharp, J. Shaw, Michael Wood, J. D. Kellie, M. Guillo, D. Doughty, P. Dragovitsch, Sylvain Bouchigny, Roy Thompson, P. Corvisiero, E. De Sanctis, P. Rossi, J. T. Goetz, D. Protopopescu, G. E. Dodge, E. Polli, D. I. Sober, D. Heddle, R. DeVita, S. Niccolai, Federico Ronchetti, D. G. Ireland, J. Hardie, V. Sapunenko, Dinko Pocanic, K. S. Egiyan, D. Branford, D. G. Crabb, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, J. W C McNabb, W. Kim, M. M. Ito, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. Kim, R. S. Hakobyan, K. Mikhailov, V. S. Serov, G. Niculescu, J. R. Calarco, J. Hu, S. E. Kuhn, M. Mirazita, G. Ricco, S. A. Morrow, J. M. Laget, J. H. Kelley, C. Tur, A. Shafi, L. Farhi, G. S. Mutchler, I. Niculescu, C. Djalali, D. Lawrence, Elton Smith, V. Frolov, M. Battaglieri, K. Park, P. Nadel-Turonski, M. Anghinolfi, P. Eugenio, I. Hleiqawi, James Mueller, R. J. Feuerbach, S. L. Careccia, M. Taiuti, R. Bradford, K. Lukashin, A. Coleman, A. I. Ostrovidov, Friedrich Klein, P. D. Rubin, Y. G. Sharabian, P. Ambrozewicz, S. Simionatto, H. R. Weller, Brian Raue, K. Livingston, Michael Dugger, H. O. Funsten, V. P. Kubarovsky, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, A. Empl, O. Pogorelko, M. Spraker, Larry Weinstein, G. Rosner, R. Nasseripour, C. Marchand, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, Alexei V. Klimenko, M. D. Mestayer, L. C. Smith, S. J. Gaff, Bernhard Mecking, B. S. Ishkhanov, Michael L. Williams, K. V. Dharmawardane, Inna Aznauryan, B. E. Stokes, Y. Prok, B. B. Niczyporuk, G. S. Adams, Laird Kramer, Barry Ritchie, S. Boiarinov, N. Pivnyuk, J. Napolitano, G. Riccardi, N. Guler, N. Baillie, C. Butuceanu, G. A. Peterson, Valeria Muccifora, Gerard Gilfoyle, P. L. Cole, J. Langheinrich, C. Cetina, Michael Vineyard, A. V. Skabelin, S. S. Stepanyan, S. A. Philips, B. M. Preedom, S. Barrow, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, G. V. Fedotov, Lorenzo Zana, J. P. Santoro, B. L. Berman, M. Guidal, L. M. Qin, A. Tkabladze, Y. Ilieva, D. P. Weygand, H. S. Jo, Gerald Feldman, M. Holtrop, M. Klusman, K. Wang, C. Salgado, Daniel S. Carman, G. Audit, C. E. Hyde-Wright, M. Nozar, Nicola Bianchi, R. W. Gothe, K. Y. Kim, U. Thoma, F. W. Hersman, S. McAleer, F. X. Girod, J. W. Price, G. V. O'Rielly, D. G. Jenkins, K. Sabourov, L. C. Dennis, and B. E. Bonner

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Roper resonance, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Structure function, Sigma, Electron, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Pion, Amplitude, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Beam energy
Abstract

The polarized longitudinal-transverse structure function {sigma}{sub LT{sup '}} measures the interference between real and imaginary amplitudes in pion electroproduction and can be used to probe the coupling between resonant and nonresonant processes. We report new measurements of {sigma}{sub LT{sup '}} in the N(1440)(1/2){sup +} (Roper) resonance region at Q{sup 2}=0.40 and 0.65GeV{sup 2} for both the {pi}{sup 0}p and {pi}{sup +}n channels. The experiment was performed at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) using longitudinally polarized electrons at a beam energy of 1.515 GeV. Complete angular distributions were obtained and are compared to recent phenomenological models. The {sigma}{sub LT{sup '}}({pi}{sup +}n) channel shows a large sensitivity to the Roper-resonance multipoles M{sub 1-} and S{sub 1-} and provides new constraints on models of resonance formation.

Published
2005

37. Exclusive photoproduction of the cascade ($\Xi$) hyperons

Author

Alexei V. Klimenko, R. J. Feuerbach, D. Doughty, L. Elouadrhiri, Barry Ritchie, D. Heddle, Laird Kramer, K. Park, G. Rosner, L. C. Smith, S. J. Gaff, G. Ricco, I. I. Strakovsky, David Jenkins, R. Fatemi, A. V. Vlassov, Shifeng Chen, F. W. Hersman, E. Wolin, J. Kuhn, V. P. Kubarovsky, Hovanes Egiyan, Hall Crannell, A. Empl, K. Livingston, O. Pogorelko, P. Stoler, W. K. Brooks, R. W. Gothe, Roy Thompson, J. J. Melone, Friedrich Klein, L. C. Dennis, K. Y. Kim, H. Denizli, U. Thoma, H. Avakian, Brian Raue, C. Marchand, M. Osipenko, B. M. Preedom, V. Sapunenko, Valeria Muccifora, Sylvain Bouchigny, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, M. Eckhause, J. J. Manak, Y. Kuang, M. Sanzone-Arenhovel, S. O. Nelson, Susan Taylor, K. Hicks, G. V. O'Rielly, J. Connelly, A. V. Skabelin, Gerard Gilfoyle, B. B. Niczyporuk, E. Anciant, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, J. T. Goetz, K. S. Egiyan, K. Beard, J. P. Santoro, E. Polli, P. Eugenio, M. Taiuti, N. Pivnyuk, J. Napolitano, R. A. Miskimen, H. G. Juengst, D. G. Crabb, G. S. Mutchler, N. Guler, S. A. Dytman, G. E. Dodge, M. Khandaker, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. Kim, K. Sabourov, J. P. Cummings, C. A. Meyer, A.V. Stavinsky, P. Rossi, G. A. Peterson, Elton Smith, K. Mikhailov, W. Major, W. Kim, S. McAleer, M. Kossov, I. Niculescu, V. Gyurjyan, D. Lawrence, G. Niculescu, B. E. Stokes, G. S. Adams, Federico Ronchetti, D. Branford, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, K. Wang, C. Salgado, A. Tkabladze, P. L. Cole, J. Lachniet, B. M. K. Nefkens, D. Rowntree, V. Frolov, K. Joo, S. Barrow, D. J. Tedeschi, S. Strauch, Rakhsha Nasseripour, D. P. Weygand, M. Anghinolfi, D. G. Ireland, M. Guillo, R. A. Schumacher, James Mueller, J. Shaw, Michael Wood, L. Farhi, P. D. Rubin, M. M. Ito, J. R. Calarco, J. W. Price, G. Riccardi, I. Hleiqawi, S. Simionatto, Y. G. Sharabian, V. S. Serov, R. DeVita, Ji Li, H. Bagdasaryan, C. Butuceanu, J. W C McNabb, M. Bellis, R. S. Hakobyan, Dinko Pocanic, C. I O Gordon, D. Hancock, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, K. A. Griffioen, D. Protopopescu, A. Coleman, M. D. Mestayer, S. A. Morrow, H. R. Weller, C. Djalali, M. Spraker, Larry Weinstein, S. E. Kuhn, S. Pozdniakov, L. Morand, J. H. Kelley, T. A. Forest, Michael L. Williams, J. Hu, C. Tur, S. Stepanyan, A. Shafi, O. P. Dzyubak, J. L. Ducote, S. Boiarinov, P. Ambrozewicz, J. D. Kellie, John T. O'Brien, Avraham Klein, P. Corvisiero, M. Witkowski, Bernhard Mecking, K. V. Dharmawardane, C. Cetina, Y. Ilieva, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, Michael Vineyard, B. Carnahan, L. Todor, F. Sabatié, P. Dragovitsch, M. Battaglieri, Thierry Auger, R. Bradford, K. Lukashin, Nicola Bianchi, R. A. Niyazov, J. Yun, D. Cords, B. L. Berman, L. M. Qin, S. Niccolai, A. Yegneswaran, M. Klusman, J. Hardie, E. De Sanctis, D. I. Sober, A. I. Ostrovidov, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, J. Langheinrich, S. A. Philips, Daniel S. Carman, G. Audit, C. E. Hyde-Wright, M. Bektasoglu, M. Nozar, M. Guidal, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, G. Gavalian, N. Benmouna, M. Ripani, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Michael Dugger, H. O. Funsten, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and CLAS

Subjects
Physics, BARYONS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 13.60.Rj, 25.20.Lj, 14.20.Jn, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hyperon, FOS: Physical sciences, PENTAQUARKS, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, INCLUSIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION, PENTAQUARKS, BARYONS, Cascade, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Ground state, INCLUSIVE PHOTOPRODUCTION, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½
Abstract

We report on the first measurement of exclusive Xi-(1321) hyperon photoproduction in gamma p --> K+ K+ Xi- for 3.2 < E(gamma) < 3.9 GeV. The final state is identified by the missing mass in p(gamma,K+ K+)X measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. We have detected a significant number of the ground-state Xi-(1321)1/2+, and have estimated the total cross section for its production. We have also observed the first excited state Xi-(1530)3/2+. Photoproduction provides a copious source of Xi's. We discuss the possibilities of a search for the recently proposed Xi5-- and Xi5+ pentaquarks., submitted to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2005

38. SPES4–$\pi$: installation for exclusive study of nuclear reactions

Author

J. L. Boyard, T. Hennino, L.G. Kudin, A.A. Zhdanov, A.N. Prokofiev, A. Maroni, E.M. Orischin, C. Gaarde, P. Courtat, P. Radvanyi, Liudmila Malinina, H.-P. Morsch, B. Ramstein, P. Zupranski, V. Poux, E. A. Strokovsky, B.G. Komkov, J. Larsen, M. Roy-Stephan, V.V. Golubev, M. Denoit, V.V. Baublis, M. Boivin, S.S. Volkov, J.-M. Martin, B.V. Razmyslovich, V.V. Astashin, V.Ya. Gerzenstein, A.V. Khanzadeev, C. Ellegaard, V.V. Vikhrov, I.I. Tkach, L. Farhi, R. Douet, S. Lebon, D. Bachelier, R. Skowron, A.V. Kravtsov, J.-F. Clavelin, An.A. Vorobyov, R.A. Kunne, I.B. Smirnov, V.L. Golovtsov, R. Gacougnolle, G.D. Alkhazov, V.A. Mylnikov, A.G. Atamanchuk, J.C. Jourdain, M. Österlund, W. Augustyniak, V.M. Samsonov, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 29.40.-n, 29.30.-Aj, 07.05.Hd, Data acquisition, Particle detectors, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Magnetic spectrometers, Pion, Dipole magnet, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

EI SEP PHASE ACC; The paper describes the spectrometric system “SPES4–$\pi$” used at the National Laboratory Saturne (CE Saclay, France) for the exclusive study of the baryon resonance excitation in inelastic α and d scattering on the proton, as well as coherent pion production in charge exchange reactions. The system consists of the magnetic spectrometer SPES4 and two wide-aperture position-sensitive detector arrays, equipped with wire chambers and scintillator hodoscopes, installed around a large-gap C-shape dipole magnet.

Published
2005

39. Tensor polarization of theϕmeson photoproduced at hight

Author

J. P. Cummings, M. Kossov, J. Langheinrich, M. Bektasoglu, Rakhsha Nasseripour, S. A. Philips, P. Dragovitsch, Jing Zhao, Daniel S. Carman, P. Stoler, M. Osipenko, K. Beard, G. Audit, C. E. Hyde-Wright, J. Lachniet, Dinko Pocanic, S. Niccolai, S. E. Kuhn, L. C. Dennis, S. O. Nelson, K. Hicks, J. H. Kelley, C. Tur, D. Rowntree, B. E. Bonner, Hall Crannell, Susan Taylor, S. McAleer, J. Hardie, G. Gavalian, M. Guillo, J. Kuhn, H. Egiyan, H. Avakian, B. M. Preedom, W. Major, R. S. Hakobyan, O. P. Dzyubak, R. A. Niyazov, C. Marchand, M. Guidal, G. Niculescu, Roy Thompson, R. A. Schumacher, R. A. Miskimen, M. Holtrop, H. G. Juengst, P. Corvisiero, E. Anciant, C. S. Whisnant, J. P. Santoro, C. I O Gordon, G. A. Peterson, D. J. Tedeschi, W. Kim, K. S. Egiyan, F. W. Hersman, E. Pasyuk, S. Barrow, L. Morand, T. A. Forest, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, P. Eugenio, M. Taiuti, S. A. Dytman, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, M. Khandaker, R. J. Feuerbach, K. Wang, T. Smith, C. Salgado, L. Farhi, Thierry Auger, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, U. Thoma, Avraham Klein, G. S. Adams, D. Hancock, G. Ricco, K. Joo, G. E. Dodge, Patrick Girard, B. L. Berman, J. Shaw, V. Gyurjyan, D. Doughty, Nicola Bianchi, Michael Wood, V. Sapunenko, L. M. Qin, Valeria Muccifora, Philip L. Cole, P. V. Degtyarenko, V. S. Serov, Laird Kramer, A. Coleman, D. Heddle, H. R. Weller, C. Cetina, Gerard Gilfoyle, L. Todor, Moshe Gai, M. Klusman, Michael Vineyard, M. Bellis, K. Park, D. Protopopescu, M. Garçon, J. W. Price, I. Niculescu, Z. L. Zhou, H. Bagdasaryan, J. J. Melone, D. Lawrence, Friedrich Klein, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, A. Shafi, Ji Li, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, M. D. Mestayer, O. Pogorelko, W. K. Brooks, F. Ronchetti, V. Frolov, S. Boiarinov, J. Yun, D. Cords, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, M. Spraker, Larry Weinstein, A. Yegneswaran, L. C. Smith, S. J. Gaff, D. G. Jenkins, K. Sabourov, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Michael Dugger, M. Nozar, E. De Sanctis, H. O. Funsten, M. M. Ito, D. I. Sober, A. V. Vlassov, J. J. Manak, S. Mehrabyan, Elton Smith, J. R. Ficenec, M. Anghinolfi, James Mueller, K. McCormick, P. D. Rubin, Y. G. Sharabian, C. Butuceanu, Shifeng Chen, E. Wolin, Y. Kuang, E. Polli, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, M. Eckhause, M. Sargsyan, Latifa Elouadrhiri, D. G. Crabb, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, D. P. Weygand, N. Benmouna, M. Ripani, H. Denizli, J. Connelly, A. V. Skabelin, Alexei V. Klimenko, Barry Ritchie, M. Battaglieri, R. Bradford, K. Lukashin, S. Strauch, J. R. Calarco, M. Witkowski, Bernhard Mecking, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. S. Mutchler, K. A. Griffioen, S. Stepanyan, Sylvain Bouchigny, P. Rossi, G. Riccardi, R. DeVita, J. W C McNabb, S. A. Morrow, C. Djalali, Shalev Gilad, P. Ambrozewicz, M. Sanzone-Arenhovel, B. B. Niczyporuk, N. Pivnyuk, and J. Napolitano

Subjects
Physics, Coupling constant, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, Hadron, Quarkonium, Phi meson, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

As part of a measurement [E. Anciant et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4682 (2000)] of the cross section of phi meson photoproduction to high momentum transfer, we measured the polar angular decay distribution of the outgoing K+ in the channel K+K- in the phi center-of-mass frame (the helicity frame). We find that phi s-channel helicity conservation (SCHC) holds in the kinematical range where t-channel exchange dominates (up to -t {approx}2.5 GeV2 for E = 3.6 GeV). Above this momentum, phi u-channel production of a meson dominates and induces a violation of SCHC. The deduced value of the phi NN coupling constant lies in the upper range of previously reported values.

Published
2004

40. Publisher’s Note: Observation of an Exotic Baryon withS=+1in Photoproduction from the Proton [Phys. Rev. Lett.PRLTAO0031-900792, 032001 (2004)]

Author

K. Park, Clarisse Tur, Volker D. Burkert, A. K. Opper, Shifeng Chen, A. S. Biselli, M. Osipenko, U. Thoma, L. C. Smith, K. Beard, S. J. Gaff, R. W. Major, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, E. Polli, G. V. O'Rielly, B. M. Preedom, J. Lachniet, D. Rowntree, L. Elouadrhiri, V. Gyurjyan, J. P. Santoro, L. Ciciani, K. A. Griffioen, S. Simionatto, D. G. Jenkins, Roy Thompson, K. Sabourov, Thierry Auger, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, Larry Weinstein, Dinko Pocanic, I. I. Strakovsky, G. Gavalian, V. Mokeev, R. S. Hakobyan, Brian Raue, S. E. Kuhn, K. Wang, R. C. Minehart, R. A. Miskimen, C. A. Meyer, J. Langheinrich, E. De Sanctis, V. V. Frolov, J. H. Kelley, Stephen Taylor, H. Bagdasaryan, S. A. Philips, G. S. Adams, F. W. Hersman, S. McAleer, G. A. Peterson, J. P. Cummings, O. P. Dzyubak, R. A. Niyazov, D. Branford, M. Mirazita, J. W. Price, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, S. Barrow, B. L. Berman, John T. O'Brien, W. Kim, M. Kossov, D. I. Sober, P. L. Cole, P. Dragovitsch, J. M. Laget, L. M. Qin, Laird Kramer, H. Egiyan, D. P. Weygand, P. Corvisiero, Alexei V. Klimenko, R. Fatemi, J. R. Ficenec, Rakhsha Nasseripour, L. Todor, D. Protopopescu, William Brooks, A. V. Vlassov, P. Eugenio, M. Taiuti, M. Anghinolfi, S. Strauch, S. Niccolai, Hall Crannell, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, C. S. Whisnant, Federico Ronchetti, James Mueller, M. Spraker, C. Cetina, Frank Klein, G. S. Mutchler, Barry Ritchie, J. Hardie, Michael Vineyard, A. Longhi, J. R. Calarco, R. DeVita, J. W C McNabb, Y. G. Sharabian, R. W. Gothe, M. Guidal, M. Klusman, M. Guillo, N. Benmouna, A.V. Stavinsky, J. J. Melone, A. Weisberg, P. Stoler, J. Hu, K. Joo, C. Marchand, Ji Li, M. Ripani, G. Niculescu, Carlos A. Salgado, S. A. Morrow, P. Rubin, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Shafi, M. D. Mestayer, P. Heimberg, C. Djalali, D. J. Tedeschi, A. Yegneswaran, Patrick Girard, J. J. Manak, J. Shaw, S. O. Nelson, K. Hicks, Michael Wood, S. Boiarinov, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, R. A. Schumacher, E. S. Smith, K. S. Egiyan, P. Ambrozewicz, V. S. Serov, K. Mikhailov, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, H. Denizli, Sylvain Bouchigny, H. Juengst, Michael Dugger, H. O. Funsten, C. I O Gordon, P. Rossi, L. Farhi, M. Nozar, M. Bellis, M. U. Mozer, L. Morand, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, G. Audit, V. Sapunenko, G. E. Dodge, J. Connelly, A. V. Skabelin, K. V. Dharmawardane, R. J. Feuerbach, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. Kim, V. P. Kubarovsky, Valeria Muccifora, I. Niculescu, D. Lawrence, M. Bektasoglu, A. Empl, B. B. Niczyporuk, O. Pogorelko, D. Hancock, N. Pivnyuk, K. Lukashin, J. Napolitano, L. C. Dennis, Gerard Gilfoyle, Jens H. Kuhn, Nicola Bianchi, H. Avakian, M. M. Ito, W. J. Briscoe, M. Battaglieri, E. Pasyuk, S. A. Dytman, R. Bradford, B. A. Mecking, E. Anciant, M. Khandaker, D. Doughty, D. Heddle, Yordanka Ilieva, S. Mehrabyan, Kwangsoo Kim, G. Riccardi, C. Butuceanu, E. Wolin, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, D. S. Carman, M. Sargsyan, and D. G. Crabb

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Particle physics, Proton, Exotic baryon, Hyperon, General Physics and Astronomy
Published
2004

41. Measurement of the Proton Spin Structure Functiong1(x,Q2)forQ2from 0.15 to1.6 GeV2with CLAS

Author

S. J. Gaff, D. Doughty, M. Seely, G. Ricco, D. Heddle, R. J. Feuerbach, Philip L. Cole, C. S. Whisnant, L. Farhi, Bernhard Mecking, V. Sapunenko, Dinko Pocanic, Valeria Muccifora, K. V. Dharmawardane, C. D. Keith, P. Eugenio, Shalev Gilad, M. Taiuti, M. Guillo, Gerard Gilfoyle, S. E. Kuhn, R. A. Niyazov, John T. O'Brien, S. Strauch, Friedrich Klein, L. C. Dennis, B. E. Bonner, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, W. K. Brooks, L. M. Qin, P. Corvisiero, J. H. Kelley, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, Jing Zhao, William Bertozzi, C. Tur, S. Mehrabyan, D. Protopopescu, J. P. Cummings, H. R. Weller, Volker D. Burkert, C. Cetina, A. S. Biselli, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, Thierry Auger, J. R. Calarco, F. W. Hersman, K. S. Egiyan, V. Koubarovski, K. Mikhailov, E. Anciant, Michael Vineyard, Baile Zhang, E. Pasyuk, B. M. Preedom, G. V. O'Rielly, L. Elouadrhiri, Z. L. Zhou, C. Butuceanu, M. Kossov, W. Kim, E. Wolin, R. A. Miskimen, S. A. Dytman, M. Ripani, J. P. Santoro, C. E. Hyde-Wright, J. Hu, D. Branford, Rakhsha Nasseripour, M. Khandaker, A. V. Skabelin, G. S. Mutchler, D. G. Jenkins, Susan Taylor, H. Egiyan, K. Sabourov, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, M. Eckhause, M. Sargsyan, D. G. Crabb, M. Spraker, Y. Ilieva, Patrick Girard, J. Shaw, Michael Wood, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, K. Wang, C. Salgado, P. E. Bosted, A. P. Freyberger, Harut Avakian, Y. Kuang, K. Y. Kim, C. Marchand, Laird Kramer, V. S. Serov, S. McAleer, E. Polli, M. Battaglieri, M. Bellis, K. Park, Federico Ronchetti, K. A. Griffioen, Roy Thompson, V. Frolov, Elton Smith, M. Guidal, R. Bradford, M. M. Ito, J. Ficenec, G. Niculescu, L. Ciciani, A. Longhi, M. Klusman, Ji Li, L. Todor, R. Clark, P. Heimberg, Jens H. Kuhn, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, M. Anghinolfi, M. D. Mestayer, A. Empl, O. Pogorelko, S. Simionatto, J. D. Kellie, S. Stepanyan, Nicola Bianchi, K. Lukashin, Sylvain Bouchigny, K. Livingston, James Mueller, H. Funsten, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, P. Rossi, S. Boiarinov, P. D. Rubin, J. W. Price, Michael Dugger, Larry Weinstein, M. Osipenko, Y. G. Sharabian, H. Denizli, Daniel S. Carman, G. Audit, K. Beard, G. A. Peterson, J. Connelly, Kalvir S. Dhuga, Alexei V. Klimenko, S. Barrow, M. Bektasoglu, G. Gavalian, Barry Ritchie, M. Nozar, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, P. Stoler, S. O. Nelson, K. Hicks, R. Fatemi, A. V. Vlassov, R. De Vita, J. J. Manak, E. De Sanctis, D. I. Sober, A.V. Stavinsky, L. Sorrel, D. J. Tedeschi, V. Gyurjyan, H. Bagdasaryan, D. Hancock, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, P. Dragovitsch, S. Niccolai, K. Joo, J. Yun, J. Hardie, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, G. E. Dodge, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. Kim, I. Niculescu, D. Lawrence, R. A. Schumacher, J. Lachniet, D. Rowntree, C. I O Gordon, L. Morand, T. A. Forest, A. Coleman, B. B. Niczyporuk, N. Pivnyuk, S. E. Rock, Avraham Klein, J. Napolitano, W. Major, G. S. Adams, Hall Crannell, G. Riccardi, J. W C McNabb, S. A. Morrow, C. Djalali, U. Thoma, D. P. Weygand, and L. C. Smith

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Scattering, Proton spin crisis, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Nucleon, Parametrization, Resonance (particle physics), Scaling, Sign (mathematics)
Abstract

Double-polarization asymmetries for inclusive $ep$ scattering were measured at Jefferson Lab using 2.6 and 4.3 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons incident on a longitudinally polarized NH$_3$ target in the CLAS detector. The polarized structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ was extracted throughout the nucleon resonance region and into the deep inelastic regime, for $Q^2 = 0.15 -1.64 $GeV$^2$. The contributions to the first moment $\Gamma_1(Q^2) = \int g_1(x,Q^2)dx$ were determined up to $Q^2=1.2$ GeV$^2$. Using a parametrization for $g_1$ in the unmeasured low $x$ regions, the complete first moment was estimated over this $Q^2$ region. A rapid change in $\Gamma_1$ is observed for $Q^2 < 1 $GeV$^2$, with a sign change near $Q^2 = 0.3 $GeV$^2$, indicating dominant contributions from the resonance region. At $Q^2=1.2$ GeV$^2$ our data are below the pQCD evolved scaling value.

Published
2003

42. ep→epπ0reaction studied in theΔ(1232)mass region using polarization asymmetries

Author

A. Biselli, G. S. Adams, M. J. Amaryan, E. Anciant, M. Anghinolfi, B. Asavapibhop, G. Asryan, G. Audit, T. Auger, H. Avakian, S. Barrow, M. Battaglieri, K. Beard, M. Bektasoglu, W. Bertozzi, N. Bianchi, S. Boiarinov, B. E. Bonner, P. Bosted, S. Bouchigny, R. Bradford, D. Branford, W. K. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, J. R. Calarco, D. S. Carman, B. Carnahan, C. Cetina, L. Ciciani, P. L. Cole, A. Coleman, J. Connelly, D. Cords, P. Corvisiero, D. Crabb, H. Crannell, J. Cummings, E. De Sanctis, R. De Vita, P. V. Degtyarenko, R. A. Demirchyan, H. Denizli, L. C. Dennis, K. V. Dharmawardane, K. S. Dhuga, C. Djalali, G. E. Dodge, J. Domingo, D. Doughty, P. Dragovitsch, M. Dugger, S. Dytman, M. Eckhause, Y. V. Efremenko, H. Egiyan, K. S. Egiyan, L. Elouadrhiri, A. Empl, P. Eugenio, L. Farhi, R. Fatemi, R. J. Feuerbach, J. Ficenec, K. Fissum, T. A. Forest, A. Freyberger, V. Frolov, H. Funsten, S. J. Gaff, M. Gai, G. Gavalian, V. B. Gavrilov, S. Gilad, G. P. Gilfoyle, K. L. Giovanetti, P. Girard, E. Golovatch, K. A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, M. Guillo, L. Guo, V. Gyurjyan, D. Hanock, J. Hardie, D. Heddle, F. W. Hersman, K. Hicks, R. S. Hicks, M. Holtrop, J. Hu, C. E. Hyde-Wright, M. M. Ito, D. Jenkins, K. Joo, J. H. Kelley, M. Khandaker, K. Y. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F. J. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, M. Klusman, M. Kossov, L. H. Kramer, Y. Kuang, J. Kuhn, S. E. Kuhn, J. Lachniet, J. M. Laget, D. Lawrence, G. A. Leksin, A. Longhi, K. Loukachine, R. W. Major, J. J. Manak, C. Marchand, S. K. Matthews, S. McAleer, J. W. C. McNabb, J. McCarthy, B. A. Mecking, M. D. Mestayer, C. A. Meyer, R. Minehart, M. Mirazita, R. Miskimen, V. Mokeev, V. Muccifora, J. Mueller, L. Y. Murphy, G. S. Mutchler, J. Napolitano, S. O. Nelson, G. Niculescu, B. Niczyporuk, R. A. Niyazov, M. Nozar, J. T. O’Brien, G. V. O’Rielly, M. S. Ohandjanyan, M. Osipenko, K. Park, Y. Patois, G. A. Peterson, S. Philips, N. Pivnyuk, D. Pocanic, O. Pogorelko, E. Polli, B. M. Preedom, J. W. Price, L. M. Qin, B. A. Raue, G. Riccardi, G. Ricco, M. Ripani, B. G. Ritchie, S. Rock, F. Ronchetti, P. Rossi, D. Rowntree, P. D. Rubin, K. Sabourov, C. W. Salgado, V. Sapunenko, M. Sargsyan, R. A. Schumacher, V. S. Serov, Y. G. Sharabian, J. Shaw, S. M. Shuvalov, S. Simionatto, A. Skabelin, E. S. Smith, L. C. Smith, T. Smith, D. I. Sober, L. Sorrell, M. Spraker, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, I. I. Strakovsky, M. Taiuti, S. Taylor, D. Tedeschi, U. Thoma, R. Thompson, L. Todor, T. Y. Tung, C. Tur, M. Ungaro, M. F. Vineyard, A. Vlassov, K. Wang, L. B. Weinstein, H. Weller, R. Welsh, D. P. Weygand, S. Whisnant, M. Witkowski, E. Wolin, A. Yegneswaran, J. Yun, B. Zhang, J. Zhao, and Z. Zhou

Subjects
Physics, Delta, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), media_common.quotation_subject, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Effective lagrangian, Isobar, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Spin (physics), media_common
Abstract

Measurements of the angular distributions of target and double spin asymmetries for the Delta(1232) in the exclusive channel (polarized-p polarized-e,e-prime p)pi0 obtained at Jefferson Lab in the Q2 range from 0.5 to 1.5 gev2 are presented. Results of the asymmetries are compared with the unitary isobar model, dynamical models, and the effective Lagrangian theory. Sensitivity to the different models was observed, particularly in relation to the description of background terms on which the target asymmetry depends significantly.

Published
2003

43. Measurement of inclusive spin structure functions of the deuteron

Author

J. Yun, S. E. Kuhn, G. E. Dodge, T. A. Forest, M. Taiuti, G. S. Adams, M. J. Amaryan, E. Anciant, M. Anghinolfi, B. Asavapibhop, G. Asryan, G. Audit, T. Auger, H. Avakian, S. Barrow, M. Battaglieri, K. Beard, M. Bektasoglu, W. Bertozzi, N. Bianchi, A. S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, P. Bosted, S. Bouchigny, R. Bradford, D. Branford, W. K. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, V. D. Burkert, C. Butuceanu, J. R. Calarco, D. S. Carman, B. Carnahan, C. Cetina, L. Ciciani, P. L. Cole, A. Coleman, J. Connelly, D. Cords, P. Corvisiero, D. Crabb, H. Crannell, J. Cummings, E. De Sanctis, R. De Vita, P. V. Degtyarenko, R. A. Demirchyan, H. Denizli, L. C. Dennis, K. V. Dharmawardane, C. Djalali, J. Domingo, D. Doughty, P. Dragovitsch, M. Dugger, S. Dytman, M. Eckhause, Y. V. Efremenko, H. Egiyan, K. S. Egiyan, L. Elouadrhiri, A. Empl, L. Farhi, R. Fatemi, R. J. Feuerbach, J. Ficenec, K. Fissum, A. Freyberger, V. Frolov, H. Funsten, S. J. Gaff, M. Gai, G. Gavalian, V. B. Gavrilov, S. Gilad, G. P. Gilfoyle, K. L. Giovanetti, P. Girard, E. Golovatch, C. I. O. Gordon, K. A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, M. Guillo, L. Guo, V. Gyurjyan, C. Hadjidakis, D. Hancock, J. Hardie, D. Heddle, P. Heimberg, F. W. Hersman, K. Hicks, R. S. Hicks, M. Holtrop, J. Hu, C. E. Hyde-Wright, M. M. Ito, D. Jenkins, K. Joo, C. Keith, J. H. Kelley, M. Khandaker, K. Y. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F. J. Klein, A. V. Klimenko, M. Klusman, M. Kossov, L. H. Kramer, Y. Kuang, J. Kuhn, J. Lachniet, J. M. Laget, D. Lawrence, G. A. Leksin, K. Loukachine, R. W. Major, J. J. Manak, C. Marchand, S. McAleer, J. W. C. McNabb, J. McCarthy, B. A. Mecking, M. D. Mestayer, C. A. Meyer, R. Minehart, M. Mirazita, R. Miskimen, V. Mokeev, S. Morrow, V. Muccifora, J. Mueller, L. Y. Murphy, G. S. Mutchler, J. Napolitano, S. O. Nelson, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, B. Niczyporuk, R. A. Niyazov, M. Nozar, G. V. O’Rielly, M. S. Ohandjanyan, A. Opper, M. Ossipenko, K. Park, Y. Patois, G. A. Peterson, S. Philips, N. Pivnyuk, D. Pocanic, O. Pogorelko, E. Polli, B. M. Preedom, J. W. Price, D. Protopopescu, L. M. Qin, B. A. Raue, G. Riccardi, G. Ricco, M. Ripani, B. G. Ritchie, S. Rock, F. Ronchetti, P. Rossi, D. Rowntree, P. D. Rubin, K. Sabourov, C. W. Salgado, V. Sapunenko, M. Sargsyan, R. A. Schumacher, V. S. Serov, Y. G. Sharabian, J. Shaw, S. M. Shuvalov, S. Simionatto, A. Skabelin, E. S. Smith, L. C. Smith, T. Smith, D. I. Sober, L. Sorrell, M. Spraker, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, S. Taylor, D. Tedeschi, U. Thoma, R. Thompson, L. Todor, T. Y. Tung, C. Tur, M. F. Vineyard, A. Vlassov, K. Wang, L. B. Weinstein, H. Weller, R. Welsh, D. P. Weygand, S. Whisnant, M. Witkowski, E. Wolin, M. H. Wood, A. Yegneswaran, B. Zhang, J. Zhao, Z. Zhou, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), CLAS, and Robert, Suzanne

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Spin structure, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Deuterium, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We report the results of a new measurement of spin structure functions of the deuteron in the region of moderate momentum transfer ($Q^2$ = 0.27 -- 1.3 (GeV/c)$^2$) and final hadronic state mass in the nucleon resonance region ($W$ = 1.08 -- 2.0 GeV). We scattered a 2.5 GeV polarized continuous electron beam at Jefferson Lab off a dynamically polarized cryogenic solid state target ($^{15}$ND$_3$) and detected the scattered electrons with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). From our data, we extract the longitudinal double spin asymmetry $A_{||}$ and the spin structure function $g_1^d$. Our data are generally in reasonable agreement with existing data from SLAC where they overlap, and they represent a substantial improvement in statistical precision. We compare our results with expectations for resonance asymmetries and extrapolated deep inelastic scaling results. Finally, we evaluate the first moment of the structure function $g_1^d$ and study its approach to both the deep inelastic limit at large $Q^2$ and to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule at the real photon limit ($Q^2 \to 0$). We find that the first moment varies rapidly in the $Q^2$ range of our experiment and crosses zero at $Q^2$ between 0.5 and 0.8 (GeV/c)$^2$, indicating the importance of the $\Delta$ resonance at these momentum transfers., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, ReVTeX 4, final version as accepted by Phys. Rev. C

Published
2003

44. Publisher’s Note:ηPhotoproduction on the Proton for Photon Energies from 0.75 to 1.95 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett.89, 222002 (2002)]

Author

V. V. Frolov, D. Doughty, R. A. Niyazov, John T. O'Brien, D. Heddle, Barry Ritchie, S. A. Morrow, P. Rubin, M. Eckhause, C. Djalali, P. Dragovitsch, K. A. Griffioen, G. E. Dodge, M. Lucas, P. Corvisiero, D. Hancock, E. S. Smith, Sylvain Bouchigny, P. Rossi, P. V. Degtyarenko, S. Niccolai, Carlos A. Salgado, L. Elouadrhiri, G. Ricco, J. Hardie, K. S. Egiyan, Baile Zhang, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, G. S. Mutchler, V. Koubarovski, K. Mikhailov, G. Gavalian, A. K. Opper, I. Niculescu, M. M. Ito, I. I. Strakovsky, A.V. Stavinsky, D. Lawrence, M. Spraker, C. Cetina, H. Egiyan, G. V. O'Rielly, E. Wolin, Michael Vineyard, J. P. Cummings, D. P. Weygand, L. Farhi, Y. Kuang, D. J. Tedeschi, C. S. Whisnant, D. G. Jenkins, K. Sabourov, G. P. Capitani, E. Polli, William Brooks, G. S. Adams, R. DeVita, J. W C McNabb, Ji Li, H. Denizli, Hall Crannell, M. U. Mozer, P. Heimberg, M. Witkowski, K. V. Dharmawardane, A. Coleman, P. L. Cole, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Andreas Klein, J. R. Ficenec, S. McAleer, J. D. Kellie, P. Stoler, J. Lachniet, H. R. Weller, M. Kossov, J. R. Calarco, C. Marchand, M. D. Mestayer, J. J. Manak, D. Rowntree, M. Anghinolfi, James Mueller, Michael Dugger, J. Connelly, A. V. Skabelin, K. S. Dhuga, D. Pogorelko, H. O. Funsten, S. O. Nelson, Y. G. Sharabian, Frank Klein, L. C. Smith, Rakhsha Nasseripour, S. J. Gaff, K. Hicks, M. Sanzone-Arenhovel, R. A. Schumacher, S. Boiarinov, B. B. Niczyporuk, B. M. Preedom, S. Strauch, S. A. Philips, W. Kim, N. Pivnyuk, C. I O Gordon, K. Lukashin, J. Napolitano, Moshe Gai, Dinko Pocanic, M. Battaglieri, Shalev Gilad, M. Nozar, S. E. Kuhn, L. Morand, T. A. Forest, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, J. H. Kelley, Stephen Taylor, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, Patrick Girard, R. Bradford, B. A. Mecking, Larry Weinstein, Gerald Feldman, J. Shaw, S. Stepanyan, D. S. Carman, Jens H. Kuhn, A. Longhi, E. Anciant, K. Wang, U. Thoma, Nicola Bianchi, Thierry Auger, Michael Wood, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, K. Livingston, V. S. Serov, L. C. Dennis, M. Khandaker, G. Audit, M. Ripani, M. Guillo, C. E. Hyde-Wright, B. L. Berman, L. M. Qin, H. Avakian, R. J. Feuerbach, K. Beard, M. Klusman, D. G. Crabb, G. A. Peterson, W. Major, M. Bektasoglu, S. Barrow, M. Guidal, G. Niculescu, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, Federico Ronchetti, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, S. A. Dytman, L. Todor, J. S. McCarthy, M. Bellis, D. Protopopescu, L. Y. Murphy, S. Pozdniakov, S. Mehrabyan, Z. L. Zhou, R. Clark, A. Shafi, G. Riccardi, J. P. Santoro, Roy Thompson, Jing Zhao, M. Taiuti, V. Sapunenko, Valeria Muccifora, Gerard Gilfoyle, F. W. Hersman, R. A. Miskimen, D. Branford, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, Laird Kramer, R. Fatemi, A. V. Vlassov, K. Park, D. I. Sober, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, K. Joo, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, E. DeSanctis, V. Gyurjyan, H. Bagdasaryan, and J. W. Price

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Photon, Proton, General Physics and Astronomy
Published
2002

45. Eta photoproduction on the proton for photon energies from 0.75 to 1.95 GeV

Author

R. Fatemi, K. S. Egiyan, V. Koubarovski, A. V. Vlassov, B. Carnahan, F. Sabatié, K. Mikhailov, C. Marchand, M. Taiuti, Thierry Auger, S. A. Morrow, C. Djalali, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, M. Lucas, G. Ricco, S. A. Dytman, J. J. Manak, C. E. Hyde-Wright, A.V. Stavinsky, H. R. Weller, Patrick Girard, A. V. Skabelin, G. S. Mutchler, S. Stepanyan, Sylvain Bouchigny, J. Shaw, D. J. Tedeschi, S. McAleer, Philip L. Cole, Moshe Gai, R. A. Niyazov, Michael Wood, B. M. Preedom, V. S. Serov, E. Anciant, J. S. McCarthy, J. P. Santoro, A. K. Opper, M. Sanzone-Arenhovel, John T. O'Brien, D. I. Sober, F. W. Hersman, B. B. Niczyporuk, M. U. Mozer, M. Witkowski, Bernhard Mecking, K. V. Dharmawardane, B. L. Berman, Shalev Gilad, P. Rossi, W. Kim, M. Bellis, K. Park, M. Guillo, Friedrich Klein, P. Corvisiero, H. Egiyan, S. Mehrabyan, M. Khandaker, Gerald Feldman, N. Pivnyuk, J. P. Cummings, J. Napolitano, P. Dragovitsch, M. Ripani, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, A. Longhi, R. Clark, Roy Thompson, K. Wang, S. Strauch, C. Salgado, O. Pogorelko, D. Protopopescu, H. Funsten, M. Kossov, K. Lukashin, D. Doughty, D. Heddle, M. Klusman, C. S. Whisnant, S. Pozdniakov, L.C. Dennis, J. R. Calarco, M. M. Ito, L. Todor, J. W. Price, S. Niccolai, J. Hardie, R. J. Feuerbach, Rakhsha Nasseripour, P. Stoler, C. Cetina, S. O. Nelson, R. A. Miskimen, Volker D. Burkert, L. C. Smith, A. S. Biselli, K. Beard, S. J. Gaff, Michael Vineyard, K. A. Griffioen, Kalvir S. Dhuga, L. Y. Murphy, M. Battaglieri, G. Riccardi, R. DeVita, J. W C McNabb, E. Wolin, F. Ronchetti, V. Frolov, Ji Li, G. Gavalian, R. Bradford, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, D. Branford, J. Ficenec, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, P. Heimberg, M. Eckhause, Z. L. Zhou, A. Shafi, G. V. O'Rielly, M. D. Mestayer, Michael Dugger, D. G. Jenkins, K. Sabourov, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, D. G. Crabb, S. Boiarinov, L. Elouadrhiri, Larry Weinstein, M. Spraker, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, J. D. Kellie, I. I. Strakovsky, K. Livingston, Baile Zhang, W. K. Brooks, L. M. Qin, Laird Kramer, L. Farhi, Harut Avakian, V. Sapunenko, Valeria Muccifora, Y. Kuang, G. A. Peterson, E. Polli, Dinko Pocanic, S. Barrow, S. E. Kuhn, J. H. Kelley, Gerard Gilfoyle, Elton Smith, M. Anghinolfi, James Mueller, P. D. Rubin, Y. G. Sharabian, Jens H. Kuhn, Jing Zhao, Nicola Bianchi, Barry Ritchie, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, S. A. Philips, H. Denizli, K. Hicks, Daniel S. Carman, J. Connelly, G. Audit, M. Bektasoglu, M. Nozar, M. Guidal, G. Niculescu, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, Hall Crannell, G. E. Dodge, P. V. Degtyarenko, I. Niculescu, D. Lawrence, L. Morand, R. A. Schumacher, C. I O Gordon, T. A. Forest, Avraham Klein, V. Gyurjyan, H. Bagdasaryan, D. Hancock, W. Major, E. DeSanctis, G. P. Capitani, L. Guo, M. Ungaro, J. Lachniet, D. Rowntree, S. Taylor, G. S. Adams, K. Joo, J. Yun, A. Coleman, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, U. Thoma, and D. P. Weygand

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Meson, Proton, media_common.quotation_subject, Quark model, General Physics and Astronomy, Constituent quark, Resonance (particle physics), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure), media_common
Abstract

Differential cross sections for gammap-->etap have been measured with tagged real photons for incident photon energies from 0.75 to 1.95 GeV. Mesons were identified by missing mass reconstruction using kinematical information for protons scattered in the production process. The data provide the first extensive angular distribution measurements for the process above W=1.75 GeV. Comparison with preliminary results from a constituent quark model support the suggestion that a third S11 resonance with mass approximately 1.8 GeV couples to the etaN channel.

Published
2002

46. Erratum: First Measurement of the Double Spin Asymmetry ine→p→→e′π+nin the Resonance Region [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 082001 (2002)]

Author

R. De Vita, M. Anghinolfi, V. D. Burkert, G. E. Dodge, R. Minehart, M. Taiuti, H. Weller, G. Adams, M. J. Amaryan, E. Anciant, D. S. Armstrong, B. Asavapibhop, G. Asryan, G. Audit, T. Auger, H. Avakian, H. Bagdasaryan, J. P. Ball, S. Barrow, M. Battaglieri, K. Beard, M. Bektasoglu, N. Bianchi, A. S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, B. E. Bonner, P. Bosted, S. Bouchigny, D. Branford, W. K. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, J. R. Calarco, G. P. Capitani, D. S. Carman, B. Carnahan, A. Cazes, L. Ciciani, P. L. Cole, A. Coleman, J. Connelly, D. Cords, P. Corvisiero, D. Crabb, H. Crannell, J. P. Cummings, E. De Sanctis, P. V. Degtyarenko, R. Demirchyan, H. Denizli, L. Dennis, K. V. Dharmawardane, K. S. Dhuga, C. Djalali, D. Doughty, P. Dragovitsch, M. Dugger, S. Dytman, M. Eckhause, H. Egiyan, K. S. Egiyan, L. Elouadrhiri, A. Empl, L. Farhi, R. Fatemi, R. J. Feuerbach, J. Ficenec, T. A. Forest, V. Frolov, H. Funsten, S. J. Gaff, M. Gai, M. Garçon, G. Gavalian, S. Gilad, G. P. Gilfoyle, K. L. Giovanetti, P. Girard, E. Golovatch, K. Griffioen, M. Guidal, M. Guillo, V. Gyurjyan, C. Hadjidakis, D. Hancock, J. Hardie, D. Heddle, P. Heimberg, F. W. Hersman, K. Hicks, R. S. Hicks, M. Holtrop, J. Hu, C. E. Hyde-Wright, B. S. Ishkanov, M. M. Ito, D. Jenkins, K. Joo, J. H. Kelley, J. D. Kellie, M. Khandaker, K. Y. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F. J. Klein, M. Klusman, M. Kossov, L. H. Kramer, Y. Kuang, J. Kuhn, S. E. Kuhn, J. Lachniet, J. M. Laget, D. Lawrence, Ji Li, K. Livingston, A. Longhi, K. Loukachine, M. Lucas, W. Major, J. J. Manak, C. Marchand, S. McAleer, J. McCarthy, J. W. C. McNabb, B. A. Mecking, M. D. Mestayer, C. A. Meyer, K. Mikhailov, M. Mirazita, R. Miskimen, V. Mokeev, V. Muccifora, J. Mueller, G. S. Mutchler, J. Napolitano, S. O. Nelson, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, B. B. Niczyporuk, R. A. Niyazov, A. K. Opper, G. V. O'Rielly, M. Osipenko, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, G. Peterson, S. A. Philips, N. Pivnyuk, D. Pocanic, O. Pogorelko, E. Polli, S. Pozdniakov, B. M. Preedom, J. W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, L. M. Qin, B. A. Raue, A. R. Reolon, G. Riccardi, G. Ricco, M. Ripani, B. G. Ritchie, S. Rock, F. Ronchetti, P. Rossi, D. Rowntree, P. D. Rubin, F. Sabatié, K. Sabourov, C. Salgado, V. Sapunenko, M. Sargsyan, R. A. Schumacher, V. S. Serov, A. Shafi, Y. G. Sharabian, J. Shaw, A. V. Skabelin, E. S. Smith, T. Smith, L. C. Smith, D. I. Sober, L. Sorrell, M. Spraker, A. Stavinsky, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, I. I. Strakovsky, S. Taylor, D. J. Tedeschi, R. Thompson, L. Todor, M. Ungaro, M. F. Vineyard, A. V. Vlassov, K. Wang, L. B. Weinstein, A. Weisberg, D. P. Weygand, C. S. Whisnant, E. Wolin, A. Yegneswaran, J. Yun, B. Zhang, J. Zhao, and Z. Zhou

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Pi, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Angular dependence, Atomic physics, Spin (physics), Asymmetry, Helicity, media_common
Published
2002

47. Q2Dependence of Quadrupole Strength in theγ*p→Δ+(1232)→pπ0Transition

Author

C. Marchand, T. Y. Tung, M. Witkowski, Bernhard Mecking, C. E. Hyde-Wright, K. V. Dharmawardane, M. J. Amaryan, S. Stepanyan, J. Ficenec, Jochen Heisenberg, G. A. Peterson, S. Barrow, K. Y. Kim, S. A. Philips, Jing Zhao, P. Rossi, Patrick Girard, J. Shaw, Nicola Bianchi, G. E. Dodge, G. S. Adams, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, J. P. Cummings, L. C. Dennis, B. E. Bonner, R. A. Niyazov, M. Guidal, S. McAleer, H. Avakian, G. Niculescu, W. Kim, K. Loukachine, K. Joo, K. A. Griffioen, J. R. Calarco, P. Corvisiero, Z. L. Zhou, Larry Weinstein, R. De Vita, Michael Vineyard, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, D. Lawrence, Roy Thompson, A. Longhi, R. A. Demirchyan, M. Battaglieri, F. W. Hersman, K. S. Egiyan, William Bertozzi, E. Anciant, M. Kossov, L. Farhi, V. Sapunenko, H. Egiyan, R. A. Schumacher, M. S. Ohandjanyan, D. P. Weygand, Valeria Muccifora, Daniel S. Carman, S. A. Dytman, A. K. Opper, M. Khandaker, M. D. Mestayer, A. Coleman, V. B. Gavrilov, G. Audit, Y. Patois, H. R. Weller, G. Riccardi, Gerard Gilfoyle, J. W C McNabb, M. Taiuti, H. Funsten, M. Klusman, K. Beard, S. Boiarinov, Federico Ronchetti, J. W. Price, D. Doughty, Airton Deppman, S. Whisnant, B. M. Preedom, D. J. Tedeschi, R. A. Miskimen, L. C. Smith, A. V. Skabelin, D. Heddle, P. Stoler, T. A. Forest, R. J. Feuerbach, G. Ricco, G. S. Mutchler, Kalvir S. Dhuga, Kevin Fissum, B. B. Niczyporuk, M. Mirazita, J. M. Laget, O. Pogorelko, Philip L. Cole, B. Carnahan, K. Hicks, N. Pivnyuk, J. Napolitano, Avraham Klein, R. W. Major, Volker D. Burkert, M. Sanzone, A. S. Biselli, S. K. Matthews, G. P. Capitani, Moshe Gai, Shalev Gilad, Thierry Auger, C. Salgado, Friedrich Klein, Inna Aznauryan, C. Djalali, M. Lucas, A. R. Reolon, S. M. Shuvalov, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, M. Guillo, D. Rowntree, D. G. Jenkins, L. Elouadrhiri, Hall Crannell, Robert E. Welsh, P. Dragovitsch, M. M. Ito, W. K. Brooks, L. M. Qin, L. Todor, Y. V. Efremenko, S. Taylor, J. Hardie, M. Bektasoglu, A. V. Vlassov, J. J. Manak, E. De Sanctis, D. I. Sober, Barry Ritchie, E. Wolin, Y. Kuang, E. Polli, H. Denizli, Dinko Pocanic, M. Eckhause, M. Sargsyan, S. E. Kuhn, R. C. Minehart, D. G. Crabb, J. H. Kelley, C. A. Meyer, M. Spraker, Michael Dugger, Elton Smith, M. Anghinolfi, James Mueller, P. D. Rubin, Y. G. Sharabian, M. Ripani, V. Gyurjyan, H. Bagdasaryan, D. Hancock, D. S. Armstrong, J. Yun, D. Cords, and A. Yegneswaran

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Unitarity, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Scalar (mathematics), General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Quadrupole, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Multipole expansion
Abstract

Models of baryon structure predict a small quadrupole deformation of the nucleon due to residual tensor forces between quarks or distortions from the pion cloud. Sensitivity to quark versus pion degrees of freedom occurs through the Q2 dependence of the magnetic (M1+), electric (E1+), and scalar (S1+) multipoles in the gamma*p-->Delta(+)-->p pi(0) transition. We report new experimental values for the ratios E(1+)/M(1+) and S(1+)/M(1+) over the range Q2 = 0.4-1.8 GeV2, extracted from precision p(e,e(')p)pi(0) data using a truncated multipole expansion. Results are best described by recent unitary models in which the pion cloud plays a dominant role.

Published
2002

48. First Measurement of the Double Spin Asymmetry ine→p→→e′π+nin the Resonance Region

Author

Elton Smith, B. S. Ishkanov, E. Golovatch, M. Ungaro, V. Frolov, M. J. Amaryan, D. S. Armstrong, J. R. Calarco, S. A. Philips, J. Ficenec, L. Ciciani, R. A. Schumacher, Shalev Gilad, R. A. Demirchyan, L. C. Dennis, B. E. Bonner, M. Anghinolfi, James Mueller, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, Avraham Klein, H. Avakian, A.V. Stavinsky, P. D. Rubin, Hall Crannell, Y. G. Sharabian, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, L. Elouadrhiri, M. Osipenko, M. Klusman, G. E. Dodge, B. B. Niczyporuk, D. J. Tedeschi, K. Beard, Kalvir S. Dhuga, J. P. Cummings, Dinko Pocanic, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, M. Taiuti, N. Pivnyuk, J. Napolitano, R. J. Feuerbach, J. Lachniet, D. Rowntree, J. Yun, D. Cords, A. Yegneswaran, P. V. Degtyarenko, K. Kim, K. Loukachine, I. Niculescu, D. Lawrence, G. S. Adams, K. Joo, A. Cazes, Bernhard Mecking, M. Guidal, G. Niculescu, E. Pasyuk, C. Marchand, Larry Weinstein, S. A. Dytman, I. I. Strakovsky, G. Gavalian, J. S. McCarthy, K. V. Dharmawardane, R. De Vita, G. V. O'Rielly, G. Asryan, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, K. Park, M. Kossov, S. E. Kuhn, D. P. Weygand, E. Anciant, R. A. Niyazov, B. Carnahan, J. H. Kelley, D. G. Jenkins, M. Battaglieri, W. K. Brooks, A. K. Opper, A. Empl, O. Pogorelko, P. Dragovitsch, F. Sabatié, Daniel S. Carman, Sylvain Bouchigny, K. Sabourov, Federico Ronchetti, L. M. Qin, L. C. Smith, M. Khandaker, S. J. Gaff, G. Riccardi, J. W C McNabb, E. De Sanctis, P. Corvisiero, Victor Mokeev, C. E. Hyde-Wright, G. Audit, L. Sorrell, Thierry Auger, P. Rossi, Barry Ritchie, Baile Zhang, A. Weisberg, A. R. Reolon, D. Protopopescu, J. Hardie, M. Ripani, Michael Vineyard, Patrick Girard, J. Shaw, S. Pozdniakov, M. Garçon, D. Doughty, M. Bektasoglu, S. McAleer, V. Gyurjyan, C. Djalali, W. Kim, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, P. Stoler, H. Denizli, D. Heddle, M. Lucas, V. S. Serov, F. W. Hersman, W. Major, K. A. Griffioen, Y. Kuang, Michael Dugger, S. O. Nelson, Z. L. Zhou, H. Bagdasaryan, A. Shafi, H. Egiyan, K. Hicks, Roy Thompson, D. I. Sober, D. Hancock, E. Polli, J. Connelly, A. Coleman, Stephen M. Rock, K. S. Egiyan, M. Guillo, G. Ricco, Ji Li, C. S. Whisnant, A. Longhi, E. Wolin, K. Mikhailov, H. Funsten, P. Bosted, P. Heimberg, J. Hu, J. P. Ball, Y. Prok, J. W. Price, M. Eckhause, Philip L. Cole, M. D. Mestayer, K. Y. Kim, M. Sargsyan, J. D. Kellie, D. G. Crabb, M. Spraker, G. P. Capitani, Nicola Bianchi, K. Livingston, S. Taylor, S. Bueltmann, G. A. Peterson, S. Barrow, R. Fatemi, A. V. Vlassov, S. Boiarinov, B. M. Preedom, A. V. Skabelin, G. S. Mutchler, Moshe Gai, H. R. Weller, Friedrich Klein, R. S. Hicks, K. Wang, Brian Raue, C. Salgado, J. J. Manak, M. M. Ito, L. Todor, Laird Kramer, Jing Zhao, L. Farhi, V. Sapunenko, Valeria Muccifora, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, Gerard Gilfoyle, R. A. Miskimen, D. Branford, M. Mirazita, and J. M. Laget

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Cathode ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Spin (physics), Asymmetry, Helicity, media_common
Abstract

The double spin asymmetry in the (-->)e(-->)p --> e(prime)pi(+)n reaction has been measured for the first time in the resonance region for four-momentum transfer Q2 = 0.35-1.5 GeV(2). Data were taken at Jefferson Lab with the CLAS detector using a 2.6 GeV polarized electron beam incident on a polarized solid NH3 target. Comparison with predictions of phenomenological models shows strong sensitivity to resonance contributions. Helicity-1/2 transitions are found to be dominant in the second and third resonance regions. The measured asymmetry is consistent with a faster rise with Q(2) of the helicity asymmetry A1 for the F(15)(1680) resonance than expected from the analysis of the unpolarized data.

Published
2002

49. First measurement of the double spin asymmetry in (--)e(--)p--e(prime)pi(+)n in the resonance region

Author

R, De Vita, M, Anghinolfi, V D, Burkert, G E, Dodge, R, Minehart, M, Taiuti, H, Weller, G, Adams, M J, Amaryan, E, Anciant, D S, Armstrong, B, Asavapibhop, G, Asryan, G, Audit, T, Auger, H, Avakian, H, Bagdasaryan, J P, Ball, S, Barrow, M, Battaglieri, K, Beard, M, Bektasoglu, N, Bianchi, A S, Biselli, S, Boiarinov, B E, Bonner, P, Bosted, S, Bouchigny, D, Branford, W K, Brooks, S, Bueltmann, J R, Calarco, G P, Capitani, D S, Carman, B, Carnahan, A, Cazes, L, Ciciani, P L, Cole, A, Coleman, J, Connelly, D, Cords, P, Corvisiero, D, Crabb, H, Crannell, J P, Cummings, E, De Sanctis, P V, Degtyarenko, R, Demirchyan, H, Denizli, L, Dennis, K V, Dharmawardane, K S, Dhuga, C, Djalali, D, Doughty, P, Dragovitsch, M, Dugger, S, Dytman, M, Eckhause, H, Egiyan, K S, Egiyan, L, Elouadrhiri, A, Empl, L, Farhi, R, Fatemi, R J, Feuerbach, J, Ficenec, T A, Forest, V, Frolov, H, Funsten, S J, Gaff, M, Gai, M, Garçon, G, Gavalian, S, Gilad, G P, Gilfoyle, K L, Giovanetti, P, Girard, E, Golovatch, K, Griffioen, M, Guidal, M, Guillo, V, Gyurjyan, C, Hadjidakis, D, Hancock, J, Hardie, D, Heddle, P, Heimberg, F W, Hersman, K, Hicks, R S, Hicks, M, Holtrop, J, Hu, C E, Hyde-Wright, B S, Ishkanov, M M, Ito, D, Jenkins, K, Joo, J H, Kelley, J D, Kellie, M, Khandaker, K Y, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, A, Klein, F J, Klein, M, Klusman, M, Kossov, L H, Kramer, Y, Kuang, S E, Kuhn, J, Lachniet, J M, Laget, D, Lawrence, Ji, Li, K, Livingston, A, Longhi, K, Loukachine, M, Lucas, W, Major, J J, Manak, C, Marchand, S, McAleer, J, McCarthy, J W C, McNabb, B A, Mecking, M D, Mestayer, C A, Meyer, K, Mikhailov, M, Mirazita, R, Miskimen, V, Mokeev, V, Muccifora, J, Mueller, G S, Mutchler, J, Napolitano, S O, Nelson, G, Niculescu, I, Niculescu, B B, Niczyporuk, R A, Niyazov, A K, Opper, G V, O'Rielly, M, Osipenko, K, Park, E, Pasyuk, G, Peterson, S A, Philips, N, Pivnyuk, D, Pocanic, O, Pogorelko, E, Polli, S, Pozdniakov, B M, Preedom, J W, Price, Y, Prok, D, Protopopescu, L M, Qin, B A, Raue, A R, Reolon, G, Riccardi, G, Ricco, M, Ripani, B G, Ritchie, S, Rock, F, Ronchetti, P, Rossi, D, Rowntree, P D, Rubin, F, Sabatié, K, Sabourov, C, Salgado, V, Sapunenko, M, Sargsyan, R A, Schumacher, V S, Serov, A, Shafi, Y G, Sharabian, J, Shaw, A V, Skabelin, E S, Smith, T, Smith, L C, Smith, D I, Sober, L, Sorrell, M, Spraker, A, Stavinsky, S, Stepanyan, P, Stoler, I I, Strakovsky, S, Taylor, D J, Tedeschi, R, Thompson, L, Todor, M, Ungaro, M F, Vineyard, A V, Vlassov, K, Wang, L B, Weinstein, A, Weisberg, D P, Weygand, C S, Whisnant, E, Wolin, A, Yegneswaran, J, Yun, B, Zhang, J, Zhao, and Z, Zhou

Abstract

The double spin asymmetry in the (--)e(--)p --e(prime)pi(+)n reaction has been measured for the first time in the resonance region for four-momentum transfer Q2 = 0.35-1.5 GeV(2). Data were taken at Jefferson Lab with the CLAS detector using a 2.6 GeV polarized electron beam incident on a polarized solid NH3 target. Comparison with predictions of phenomenological models shows strong sensitivity to resonance contributions. Helicity-1/2 transitions are found to be dominant in the second and third resonance regions. The measured asymmetry is consistent with a faster rise with Q(2) of the helicity asymmetry A1 for the F(15)(1680) resonance than expected from the analysis of the unpolarized data.

Published
2001

50. Photoproduction of theρ0Meson on the Proton at Large Momentum Transfer

Author

V. Frolov, M. J. Amaryan, V. Mokeev, A. Cazes, J. P. Cummings, R. De Vita, P. Dragovitsch, Roy Thompson, R. Demirchyan, K. V. Dharmawardane, G. Asryan, R. A. Niyazov, M. Kossov, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, J. Hardie, K. L. Giovanetti, B. Asavapibhop, R. A. Miskimen, John T. O'Brien, M. Spraker, Larry Weinstein, Laird Kramer, G. S. Adams, B. L. Berman, P. Corvisiero, G. Riccardi, M. Taiuti, M. Battaglieri, Susan Taylor, L. M. Qin, K. Joo, K. Beard, E. Anciant, L. Todor, D. Protopopescu, Kalvir S. Dhuga, K. S. Egiyan, B. A. Mecking, J. R. Calarco, A.V. Stavinsky, M. Klusman, M. M. Ito, H. Egiyan, W. Kim, R. W. Major, E. Wolin, J. W C McNabb, A. P. Freyberger, K. Mikhailov, D. J. Tedeschi, M. Khandaker, D. Branford, K. A. Griffioen, M. Mirazita, Z. L. Zhou, A. Shafi, Dinko Pocanic, L. Farhi, M. Sanzone-Arenhovel, Federico Ronchetti, J. M. Laget, B. B. Niczyporuk, D. Doughty, Shalev Gilad, B. Carnahan, G. Ricco, D. G. Crabb, N. Pivnyuk, D. Heddle, C. S. Whisnant, S. E. Kuhn, J. Napolitano, P. Stoler, A. Coleman, Philip L. Cole, H. R. Weller, Thierry Auger, A. Weisberg, A. R. Reolon, Moshe Gai, K. Sabourov, S. O. Nelson, J. Shaw, K. Hicks, M. Eckhause, P. Rossi, C. Djalali, Michael Wood, M. Lucas, R. J. Feuerbach, Friedrich Klein, R. S. Hicks, Brian Raue, V. S. Serov, V. Sapunenko, Valeria Muccifora, Michael Dugger, J. H. Kelley, F. W. Hersman, H. O. Funsten, M. Guillo, S. McAleer, J. S. McCarthy, A. V. Vlassov, Gerard Gilfoyle, O. Pogorelko, K. Lukashin, L. C. Dennis, L. C. Smith, S. J. Gaff, Nicola Bianchi, H. Avakian, L. Elouadrhiri, G. S. Mutchler, Jing Zhao, W. J. Briscoe, M. Ripani, S. A. Dytman, Elton Smith, E. N. Golovach, G. A. Peterson, W. K. Brooks, S. Barrow, J. R. Ficenec, D. S. Armstrong, M. Anghinolfi, J. Yun, D. Cords, James Mueller, A. Yegneswaran, P. D. Rubin, Y. G. Sharabian, E. DeSanctis, Baile Zhang, J. J. Manak, A. K. Opper, Y. Kuang, V. Gyurjyan, E. Polli, D. I. Sober, J. W. Price, D. Hancock, H. Denizli, A. V. Skabelin, R. C. Minehart, C. A. Meyer, D. P. Weygand, Barry Ritchie, Daniel S. Carman, G. Audit, C. E. Hyde-Wright, M. Bektasoglu, S. A. Philips, M. Guidal, M. D. Mestayer, M. Holtrop, Thomas E. Smith, S. Boiarinov, R. A. Schumacher, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, Avraham Klein, Hall Crannell, C. Cetina, C. Marchand, G. E. Dodge, Michael Vineyard, B. M. Preedom, P. V. Degtyarenko, D. Lawrence, G. P. Capitani, C. Salgado, and D. Rowntree

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Proton, Meson, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy
Published
2001

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